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Underwriting Agreement

Underwriting Agreement

Underwriting Agreement | Document Parties: TAKE TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE INC | JP Morgan Securities Inc You are currently viewing:
This Underwriting Agreement involves

TAKE TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE INC | JP Morgan Securities Inc

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Title: Underwriting Agreement
Governing Law: New York     Date: 6/3/2009
Industry: Software and Programming     Law Firm: Willkie Farr;Davis Polk     Sector: Technology

Underwriting Agreement, Parties: take two interactive software inc , jp morgan securities inc
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Exhibit 1.1

 

TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

 

4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014

 

Underwriting Agreement

 

 

May 28, 2009

 

J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.

277 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10172

 

Barclays Capital Inc.

745 Seventh Avenue

New York, New York 10019

 

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

listed in Schedule 1 hereto

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes to issue and sell to the several underwriters listed in Schedule 1 hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Barclays Capital Inc. are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”), $120,000,000 principal amount of its 4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 (the “Underwritten Securities”) and, at the option of the Underwriters, up to an additional $18,000,000 principal amount of its 4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 (the “Option Securities”) if and to the extent that the Underwriters shall have determined to exercise the option to purchase such 4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 granted to the Underwriters in Section 2 hereof.  The Underwritten Securities and the Option Securities are herein referred to as the “Securities”.  The Securities will be convertible into shares (the “Underlying Securities”) of common stock of the Company, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”) to the extent set forth in the Indenture (as defined below).  The Securities will be issued pursuant to an Indenture to be dated as of the Closing Date (as defined below) (the “Indenture”) between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

 

The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the several Underwriters concerning the purchase and sale of the Securities, as follows:

 

1.             Registration Statement .  The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Securities Act”), a

 



 

registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-159499), including a prospectus (the “Basic Prospectus”), relating to debt and equity securities to be issued from time to time by the Company.  The Company has also filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act a prospectus supplement specifically to be used in connection with the public offering of the Securities.  Such registration statement, as amended at each time of its effectiveness, including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A, 430B or 430C under the Securities Act to be part of the registration statement at the time of its effectiveness (“Rule 430 Information”), is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement”; and as used herein, the term “Prospectus” means the Basic Prospectus as supplemented by the prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Securities in the form first used (or made available upon request of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Securities Act) in connection with confirmation of sales of the Securities and the term “Preliminary Prospectus” means the preliminary prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Securities that omits Rule 430 Information together with the Basic Prospectus.  If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the “Rule 462 Registration Statement”), then any reference herein to the term “Registration Statement” shall be deemed to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement.  Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the Securities Act, as of the effective date of the Registration Statement or the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be and any reference to “amend”, “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after such date under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Exchange Act”) that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein.

 

At or prior to the time when sales of the Securities were first made (the “Time of Sale”), the Company had prepared the following information (collectively, the “Time of Sale Information”): a Preliminary Prospectus dated May 28, 2009, and each “free-writing prospectus” (as defined pursuant to Rule 405 under the Securities Act) listed on Annex B hereto.

 

2.             Purchase of the Securities by the Underwriters .  (a)  The Company agrees to issue and sell the Underwritten Securities to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and each Underwriter, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the respective principal amount of Underwritten Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name in Schedule 1 hereto at a price equal to 97.00% of the principal amount thereof (the “Purchase Price”) plus accrued interest, if any, from June 3, 2009 to the Closing Date (as defined below).

 

In addition, the Company agrees to issue and sell the Option Securities to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and the Underwriters, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, shall have the option to purchase, severally and not jointly, from the Company the Option

 

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Securities at the Purchase Price plus accrued interest, if any, from the Closing Date to the date of payment and delivery.

 

If any Option Securities are to be purchased, the amount of Option Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be the amount of Option Securities which bears the same ratio to the aggregate amount of Option Securities being purchased as the amount of Underwritten Securities set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule 1 hereto (or such amount increased as set forth in Section 10 hereof) bears to the aggregate amount of Underwritten Securities being purchased from the Company by the several Underwriters, subject, however, to such adjustments to eliminate Securities in denominations other than $1,000 as the Representatives in their sole discretion shall make.

 

The Underwriters may exercise the option to purchase the Option Securities at any time in whole, or from time to time in part, on or before the thirteenth day following the date of this Agreement, by written notice from the Representatives to the Company.  Such notice shall set forth the aggregate amount of Option Securities as to which the option is being exercised and the date and time when the Option Securities are to be delivered and paid for which may be the same date and time as the Closing Date (as defined below) but shall not be earlier than the Closing Date nor later than the tenth full business day (as defined below) after the date of such notice (unless such time and date are postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10 hereof).  Any such notice shall be given at least two Business Days prior to the date and time of delivery specified therein.

 

(b)           The Company understands that the Underwriters intend to make a public offering of the Securities as soon after the effectiveness of this Agreement as in the judgment of the Underwriters is advisable, and initially to offer the Securities on the terms set forth in the Prospectus.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters may offer and sell Securities to or through any affiliate of an Underwriter and that any such affiliate may offer and sell Securities purchased by it to or through any Underwriter.

 

(c)           Payment for the Securities shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Company to the Representatives (i) in the case of the Underwritten Securities, at the offices of Davis Polk & Wardwell, 450 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017 at 10:00 A.M. New York City time on June 3, 2009, or at such other time or place on the same or such other date, not later than the fifth business day thereafter, as the Representatives and the Company may agree upon in writing, or (ii) in the case of the Option Securities, on the date and at the time and place specified by the Representatives in the written notice of the Underwriters’ election to purchase such Option Securities.  The time and date of such payment for the Underwritten Securities is referred to herein as the “Closing Date” and the time and date for such payment for the Option Securities, if other than the Closing Date, is herein referred to as the “Additional Closing Date”.

 

Payment for the Securities to be purchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall be made against delivery to the nominee of The Depositary Trust Company, for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters of the Securities to be purchased on such date of one or more global notes representing the Securities (collectively, the

 

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“Global Note”), with any transfer taxes payable in connection with the sale of such Securities duly paid by the Company.  The form of the Global Note will be made available for inspection by the Representatives at the office of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. set forth above not later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the business day prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be.

 

(d)           The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters are acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Securities contemplated hereby (including in connection with determining the terms of the offering) and not as a financial advisor or a fiduciary to, or an agent of, the Company or any other person.  Additionally, neither the Representatives nor any other Underwriter is advising the Company or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment,  accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction.  The Company has consulted with its own advisors concerning such matters to the extent it deemed appropriate and is responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the Underwriters shall have no responsibility or liability to the Company with respect thereto. Any review by the Underwriters of the Company, the transactions contemplated hereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Underwriters and shall not be on behalf of the Company.

 

3.             Representations and Warranties of the Company .  The Company represents and warrants to each Underwriter that:

 

(a)           Preliminary Prospectus.   No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in any Preliminary Prospectus, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 7(b) hereof.

 

(b)           Time of Sale Information . The Time of Sale Information, at the Time of Sale, did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in such Time of Sale Information, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 7(b) hereof.  No statement of material fact included in the Prospectus has been omitted from the Time of Sale Information and no statement of material fact included in the Time of Sale Information that is required to be included in the Prospectus has been omitted therefrom.

 

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(c)           Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.  The Company (including its agents and representatives, other than the Underwriters in their capacity as such) has not prepared, made, used, authorized, approved or referred to and will not prepare, make, use, authorize, approve or refer to any “written communication” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy the Securities (each such communication by the Company or its agents and representatives (other than a communication referred to in clauses (i) (ii) and (iii) below) an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”) other than (i) any document not constituting a prospectus pursuant to Section 2(a)(10)(a) of the Securities Act or Rule 134 under the Securities Act, (ii) the Preliminary Prospectus, (iii) the Prospectus, (iv) the documents listed on Annex B hereto, including a term sheet substantially in the form of Annex C hereto, which constitute part of the Time of Sale Information and (v) any electronic road show or other written communications, in each case approved in writing in advance by the Representatives.  Each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus complied in all material respects with the Securities Act, has been or will be (within the time period specified in Rule 433) filed in accordance with the Securities Act (to the extent required thereby) and, when taken together with the Time of Sale Information, did not as of its issue date, and at the Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 7(b) hereof.

 

(d)           Registration Statement and Prospectus.   The Registration Statement is an “automatic shelf registration statement” as defined under Rule 405 of the Securities Act that has been filed with the Commission not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of such registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Securities Act has been received by the Company.   No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued by the Commission and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A  of the Securities Act against the Company or related to the offering has been initiated or threatened by the Commission; as of the applicable effective date of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Trust Indenture Act”), and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and as of the date of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and as of the Closing Date, the Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that  the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to (i) that part of the Registration Statement that constitutes the Statement of Eligibility and Qualification (Form T-1) of the Trustee under the Trust Indenture Act or (ii) any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company

 

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in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 7(b) hereof.

 

(e)           Incorporated Documents.   The documents incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Information, when they became effective or were filed with the Commission prior to the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date as the case may be, complied or will comply, as the case may be, in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and, when read together with the other information in each of the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, at the Time of Sale and at the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, do not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(f)            Financial Statements.   The financial statements and the related notes thereto of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable and present fairly the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations and the changes in their cash flows for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby, and the supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein; and the other financial information included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus has been derived from the accounting records of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and presents fairly in all material respects the information shown thereby.

 

(g)           No Material Adverse Change.   Since the date of the most recent financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, (i) there has not been any material change in the capital stock, long-term debt, notes payable or current portion of long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries listed on Schedule 2 (the “Material Subsidiaries”), or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock, or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its Material Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (ii) neither the Company nor any of its Material Subsidiaries has entered into any transaction or agreement that is material to the Company and its Material Subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and its Material Subsidiaries taken as a whole; and (iii) neither the Company nor any of its Material Subsidiaries has sustained any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of

 

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any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, in each case that is material to the Company and the Material Subsidiaries taken as a whole except in each case as described or otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.

 

(h)           Organization and Good Standing.   The Company and each of its Material Subsidiaries have been duly organized and are validly existing and in good standing (or such similar concept, if any, that exists under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization) under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of organization, are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing in each jurisdiction in which their respective ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective businesses requires such qualification, and have all power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged, except where the failure to be in good standing (or such similar concept, if any, that exists under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization) or so qualified or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its Material Subsidiaries taken as a whole or on the performance by the Company of its obligations under the Transaction Documents (as defined below) (a “Material Adverse Effect”).

 

(i)            Capitalization.   The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the heading “Capitalization”; all the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to any pre-emptive or similar rights; except as described in or expressly contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, pre-emptive rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock or other equity interest in the Company or any of the subsidiaries identified on Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Subsidiaries”) or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any capital stock of the Company or any such Subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options; the capital stock of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statements, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any material lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party other than (i) security interests on such shares of capital stock or other equity interests under or pursuant to that certain Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2007, by and among Company, Wells Fargo Foothill, Inc., as arranger and administrative agent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time (the “Credit Facility”), and (ii) security interests over personal property pursuant to the Security Agreement dated as of March 13, 2009 by and among the Company, the grantors and the other parties thereto as amended, supplemented and modified from time to time (the “Security Agreement”) (except, in the case of any foreign Subsidiary, for directors’ qualifying shares and except as

 

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otherwise described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus).

 

(j)            Stock Options.  With respect to the stock options (the “Stock Options”) granted pursuant to the stock-based compensation plans of the Company and its Subsidiaries (the “Company Stock Plans”), subsequent to October 31, 2006, (i) each Stock Option intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code so qualifies, (ii) each grant of a Stock Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Stock Option was by its terms to be effective (the “Grant Date”) by all necessary corporate action, (iii) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of the Company Stock Plans, and all other applicable laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including the rules of The Nasdaq Global Select Market and any other exchange on which Company securities are traded, (iv) the per share exercise price of each Stock Option was equal to the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the applicable Grant Date and (v) each such grant was properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and disclosed in the Company’s filings with the Commission in accordance with the Exchange Act.  Subsequent to October 31, 2006, the Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no policy or practice of the Company of granting, Stock Options prior to, or otherwise coordinating the grant of Stock Options with, the release or other public announcement of material non-public information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their results of operations.

 

(k)           Due Authorization.   The Company has the necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, the Indenture and the Securities (collectively, the “Transaction Documents”) and to perform its obligations under each of the Transaction Documents; all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery by it of each of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated thereby or by the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus has been duly and validly taken.

 

(l)            The Indenture .   The Indenture has been duly authorized by the Company and, when duly executed and delivered in accordance with its terms by each of the parties thereto, will constitute a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability (collectively, the “Enforceability Exceptions”); and on the Closing Date, the Indenture will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”), and the rules and regulations of the Commission applicable to an indenture that is qualified thereunder.

 

(m)          Underwriting Agreement.  This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.

 

(n)           The Securities.  The Securities to be sold by the Company pursuant to this Agreement and issued under the Indenture have been duly authorized by the Company and, when duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as provided in the Indenture and paid for as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued and outstanding and will constitute valid and

 

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legally binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to the Enforceability Exceptions, and will be entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.

 

(o)           The Underlying Securities .  Upon issuance and delivery of the Securities in accordance with this Agreement and the Indenture, the Securities will be convertible at the option of the holder thereof into shares of the Underlying Securities in accordance the terms of the Securities and the Indenture; the Underlying Securities reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Securities have been duly authorized and reserved and, when issued upon conversion of the Securities in accordance with the terms of the Securities and the Indenture, will be validly issued, fully paid and non assessable, and the issuance of the Underlying Securities will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights.

 

(p)           Descriptions of the Transaction Documents.   Each Transaction Document conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.

 

(q)           No Violation or Default.   Neither the Company nor any of its Material Subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such default, prospective default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(r)            No Conflicts.  The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities (including the issuance of the Underlying Securities upon conversion thereof) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any final, non-appealable judgment, order, rule  or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except with respect to clauses (i) and (iii) only, for such conflicts, breaches, violations, defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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(s)           No Consents Required.   No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities (including the issuance of the Underlying Securities upon conversion thereof) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, except the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act, the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws or which have already been obtained in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters.

 

(t)            Legal Proceedings.   Except as described or otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, suits or proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject, where in any such case (i) there is a reasonable possibility that such investigation, action, suit or proceeding may be determined adversely to the Company or such subsidiary and (ii) such investigation, action, suit or proceeding, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect, and no such investigations, actions, suits or proceedings have been threatened in writing by any governmental or regulatory authority or others.

 

(u)           Independent Accountants.  Ernst & Young LLP, who have certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, are an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and as required by the Securities Act.

 

(v)           Title to Real and Personal Property.   The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real and personal property that are material to the respective businesses of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, claims and defects and imperfections of title except those (i) that do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries, (ii) under or pursuant to the Credit Facility, (iii) under or pursuant to the Security Agreement or (iv) that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(w)          Title to Intellectual Property.   To the Company’s knowledge, the Company and its subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights to use all material patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses and know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses.  To the Company’s knowledge, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect, the conduct of the Company and its subsidiaries will not conflict in any material respect with any such rights of others.  Except as would not have a Material Adverse

 

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Effect, the Company and its subsidiaries have not received any notice of any claim of infringement of or conflict with any such rights of others.

 

(x)            No Undisclosed Relationships.   No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the other, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and that is not so described in such documents and in the Time of Sale Information.

 

(y)           Investment Company Act.   The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, will not be required to register as an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Investment Company Act”).

 

(z)            Taxes.   Except as described or otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus or as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, or for which there is an adequate reserve on the consolidated books and records of the Company and its subsidiaries, the Company and its subsidiaries have paid all federal, state, local and foreign taxes and filed all tax returns required to be paid or filed through the date hereof and there is no material tax deficiency that has been, or could reasonably be expected to be, asserted against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets.

 

(aa)         Licenses and Permits.   Except as described or otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus or as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its subsidiaries possess all licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received written notice of any revocation or modification of any such license, certificate, permit or authorization or has any reason to believe that any such license, certificate, permit or authorization will not be renewed in the ordinary course.

 

(bb)         No Labor Disputes.   No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the best knowledge of the Company, is threatened, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(cc)         Compliance With Environmental Laws.   Except as described or otherwise disclosed in each of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Informati


 
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