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UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

Underwriting Agreement

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT | Document Parties: Introductory Gastar Exploration Ltd | Johnson Rice & Company LLC You are currently viewing:
This Underwriting Agreement involves

Introductory Gastar Exploration Ltd | Johnson Rice & Company LLC

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Title: UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
Governing Law: New York     Date: 5/21/2009
Industry: Oil and Gas - Integrated     Law Firm: Vinson Elkins;Warner Norcross;Porter Hedges     Sector: Energy

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT, Parties: introductory gastar exploration ltd , johnson rice & company llc
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36,500,000 Shares

Gastar Exploration Ltd.

Common Shares

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

May 19, 2009

JOHNSON RICE & COMPANY L.L.C.

639 Loyola Avenue, Suite 2775

New Orleans, Louisiana 70113

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Introductory. Gastar Exploration Ltd., a corporation that is subsisting under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) (the “ Company ”), confirms its agreement with Johnson Rice & Company L.L.C. (the “ Underwriter ”), with respect to the issue and sale by the Company and the purchase by the Underwriter of an aggregate of 36,500,000 (the “ Firm Shares ”) of the common shares of the Company (the “ Common Shares ”). In addition, the Company has granted to the Underwriter an option to purchase up to 5,475,000 Common Shares (the “ Optional Shares ”), as provided in Section 3. The Firm Shares to be purchased by the Underwriter, together with the Optional Shares, if purchased, are hereinafter collectively called the “ Offered Shares .”

The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-142123), including a base prospectus (the “ Base Prospectus ”), to be used in connection with the public offering and sale of the Offered Shares. Such registration statement, as amended, including the prospectus and exhibits thereto, in the form in which it was declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the “ Securities Act ”), including all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein and any information deemed to be a part thereof at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430B or Rule 430C (the “ Rule 430 Information ”) under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the “ Exchange Act ”), is called the “ Registration Statement .” The prospectus supplement used in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares that omitted Rule 430 Information, together with the Base Prospectus, is herein called a “ Preliminary Prospectus .” As used herein, the term “ Prospectus ” means the Base Prospectus, as supplemented by a prospectus supplement containing Rule 430 Information in the form first made available to the Underwriter by the Company to confirm sales of the Offered Shares or in the form first made available to the Underwriter by the Company to meet requests of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Securities Act. As used herein, “ Applicable Time ” is 4:30 P.M. (New York time) on May 19, 2009. As used herein, “ free writing prospectus ” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, and “ Time of Sale Prospectus ” means the Base Prospectus, as amended or supplemented immediately prior to the Applicable Time, together with the Preliminary Prospectus and the free writing prospectuses, if any, identified on Schedule A , which information may be conveyed orally by the Underwriter to purchasers of the Offered Shares at the Applicable Time. As used herein, the terms


Registration Statement ,” “ Base Prospectus ,” “ Time of Sale Prospectus ,” “ Preliminary Prospectus ” and “ Prospectus ” shall include the documents incorporated and deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. All references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be. All references in this Agreement to (i) the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements to any of the foregoing, shall include any copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“ EDGAR ”), or any successor system including the Interactive Data Electronic Applications (“ IDEA ”) and (ii) the Prospectus shall be deemed to include the “ electronic Prospectus ” provided for use in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares as contemplated by Section 4(N) of this Agreement. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that are “ contained ,” “ included ” or “ stated ” in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information that are or are deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be.

The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the Underwriter as follows:

Section 1. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Underwriter as follows:

A. Compliance with Registration Requirements . The Registration Statement is a shelf registration statement that has been filed with the Commission not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of such registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Securities Act has been received by the Company. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission.

The Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus when filed complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and, if filed by electronic transmission pursuant to EDGAR or IDEA (except as may be permitted by Regulation S-T under the Securities Act), was identical to the copy thereof delivered to the Underwriter for use in connection with the offer and sale of the Offered Shares. The Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective and at the First Closing Date (as defined in Section 3) and, if applicable, as of each Option Closing Date (as defined in Section 3), complied and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, as applicable, comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not, as of the date of such amendment or supplement, as applicable, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Time of Sale Prospectus does not, and at the time of each sale of the Offered Shares in connection with the offering and at the First Closing Date (as defined in Section 3) and, if applicable, as of each Option Closing Date (as defined in Section 3), the Time of Sale Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented by the Company, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided that the Underwriter will notify the Company within a reasonable

 

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time prior to any sale occurring other than at the Applicable Time. The Base Prospectus, as of its date, did not, and at the First Closing Date (as defined in Section 3) and, if applicable, as of each Option Closing Date, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties set forth in the four immediately preceding sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements thereto, made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by the Underwriter expressly for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by the Underwriter to the Company consists of the information described in Section 10(C) below. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement which have not been described or filed as required.

The Company meets, and at the time the Registration Statement was originally declared effective the Company met, the applicable requirements for use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act.

The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, at the time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and, when read together with the other information in the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, at the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto become effective and at the Closing Date will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the facts required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

The Company is not an “ineligible issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) in connection with the offering of the Offered Shares pursuant to Rules 164, 405 and 433 under the Securities Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act. The Time of Sale Prospectus complies in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act, as of its date and at the First Closing Date and, if applicable, as of each Option Closing Date. Except for the free writing prospectuses, if any, identified on Schedule A , the Company has not prepared, used or referred to, and will not, without the prior consent of the Underwriter, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.

B. Offering Materials Furnished to the Underwriter . The Company has delivered to the Underwriter conformed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts filed as a part thereof, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, and any free writing prospectuses reviewed and consented to by the Underwriter, in such quantities and at such places as the Underwriter has reasonably requested.

C. Distribution of Offering Material By the Company . The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the later of (i) the expiration or termination of the option granted to the Underwriter in Section 3 and (ii) the completion of the Underwriter’s distribution of the Offered Shares, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Offered Shares other than the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Registration Statement or any other document not constituting a prospectus pursuant to Section 2(a)(10)(a) or Rule 134 under the Securities Act.

 

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D. Independent Accountants . BDO Seidman, LLP is an independent accountant with respect to the Company as required by the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“ PCAOB ”).

E. Financial Statements . The consolidated financial statements of the Company filed with the Commission as a part of or incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the financial condition of the Company and each of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Subsidiary ,” and together, the “ Subsidiaries ”), as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X of the Commission (“ Regulation S-X ”), as of and at the dates indicated, and the consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and comprehensive income of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as applicable) for the periods specified. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Prospectus, such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“ GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved except to the extent disclosed in the notes thereto. There are no financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus that are not included as required. All non-GAAP financial measures (as defined in Regulation G of the Commission) and ratios derived using non-GAAP financial measures have been presented in compliance with Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Commission.

F. Disclosure Controls and Procedures . The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), which (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within the Company, particularly during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being prepared; (ii) have been evaluated for effectiveness as of a date within 90 days prior to the earlier of the date that the Company filed its most recent annual or quarterly report with the Commission and the date of the Time of Sale Prospectus; and (iii) are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. Based on the most recent evaluation of its disclosure controls and procedures, the Company is not aware of (i) any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information or (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves executive officers or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The audit committee of the Company’s board of directors and the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm have been made aware of any significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information. The Company is not aware of any change in its internal control over financial reporting that has occurred during its most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

G. No Material Adverse Change in Business . Except as disclosed in the Time of Sale Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Time of Sale Prospectus, there has been no (i) material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (the “ Enterprise ”), whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business (a “ Material Adverse Change ”), (ii) transaction which is material to the Enterprise, (iii) change in the capital of the Company or any Subsidiary, (iv) material change in the outstanding indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary or (v) dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the Common Shares.

 

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H. Good Standing of the Company and its Subsidiaries . The Company has been duly incorporated and is a valid and subsisting corporation under the laws of the Province of Alberta and has the requisite corporate power and authority to own its properties and to otherwise conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus and Time of Sale Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, except where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Change. Each of the Subsidiaries is identified in Schedule B to this Agreement. Each Subsidiary has been duly formed and is validly existing as a business entity in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, has all requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus, and is duly qualified as a foreign business entity (corporate or otherwise) to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Change. All of the issued and outstanding equity interests of each Subsidiary have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and non-assessable; except as otherwise disclosed in the Time of Sale Prospectus, all such equity interests are wholly owned by the Company, directly or through its Subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity, and none of the outstanding equity interests of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any security holder of such Subsidiary.

I. Capitalization . The authorized capital of the Company and the issued and outstanding capital of the Company as of May 15, 2009, are as set forth on Schedule C . The shares in the capital of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and none of the outstanding shares in the capital of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any security holder of the Company. The capital of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description contained in the Time of Sale Prospectus, and such description conforms in all material respects to the rights set forth in the instruments defining the same. The description of the Company’s stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, as described in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus or in the Time of Sale Prospectus accurately and fairly present in all material respects the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.

J. Other Securities . Except as disclosed in the Time of Sale Prospectus, there are no outstanding (i) securities or obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary convertible into or exchangeable for any equity interests of the Company or any Subsidiary, (ii) warrants, rights or options to subscribe for or purchase from the Company or any Subsidiary any equity interests or any such convertible or exchangeable securities or obligations, or (iii) obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary to issue any equity interests, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or obligations, or any such warrants, rights or options.

K. Stock Exchange Listing and Reporting Requirements . The Common Shares are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and are listed on the NYSE Amex and the Toronto Stock Exchange and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Shares under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Shares from NYSE Amex or the Toronto Stock Exchange, and except as disclosed in the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Company has not received any notification that the Commission, the NYSE Amex or the Toronto Stock Exchange is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. In addition, the Company is a reporting issuer not in default in each of the Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario and no securities regulatory authorities in any of those provinces has issued any order

 

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which is currently outstanding preventing or suspending trading in any securities of the Company, no such proceeding is, to the knowledge of the Company, pending, contemplated or threatened and the Company is not in default of any material requirement of all applicable Canadian securities laws, rules, regulations, notices, instruments, blanket orders and policies in the Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario.

L. Authorization of Agreement and Binding Effect . The Company has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery by it of this Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby has been duly and validly taken.

M. Compliance with Laws . The Company and each Subsidiary are in compliance with all laws as in effect on the date hereof applicable to the conduct of their business or operations, or applicable to their employees, except where the failure to be in compliance would not cause a Material Adverse Change. None of the Company or any Subsidiary has received notice of any violation of any law, or any potential liability under any law, relating to the operation of its business or to its employees or to any of the assets, operations, processes, employees or products of the Company or any Subsidiary, except where the violation would not cause a Material Adverse Change.

N. Authorization and Description of Offered Shares . The Offered Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the Underwriter pursuant to this Agreement. When the Company issues and delivers the Offered Shares pursuant to this Agreement against payment of the consideration set forth herein, the Offered Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The issuance by the Company of the Offered Shares is not subject to preemptive or other similar rights of any security holder of the Company, except for such rights as have been duly waived. The Company has authorized and available a sufficient number of Common Shares for issuance of its Offered Shares pursuant to this Agreement

O. Absence of Defaults and Conflicts . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws, limited partnership agreement or limited liability company agreement, as applicable, or (ii) in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject (collectively, “ Agreements and Instruments ”) except, in the case of clause (ii), for any defaults which, singularly or in the aggregate, would not result in a Material Adverse Change; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and in the Time of Sale Prospectus including the sale of the Offered Shares and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Offered Shares as described therein, and the compliance by the Company with its obligations under this Agreement (except as contemplated by the Time of Sale Prospectus) do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary pursuant to the Agreements and Instruments except for such conflicts, breaches, defaults, liens, charges or encumbrances which, singularly or in the aggregate, would not result in a Material Adverse Change, nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company or related constituent document of any Subsidiary or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any Subsidiary or any of their assets, properties or operations, except where such violation of any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation,

 

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judgment, order, writ, or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign would not result in a Material Adverse Change. As used herein, a “ Repayment Event ” means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any Subsidiary.

P. Absence of Labor Dispute . No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its Subsidiaries, principal operators, contractors, suppliers or customers, which, in any such case, would result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company is not aware that any key employee or significant group of employees of the Company or any Subsidiary plans to terminate employment with such entity.

Q. Absence of Proceedings . Except as disclosed in the Time of Sale Prospectus, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the Company or any Subsidiary, which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, or which is reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, or which might materially and adversely affect the properties or assets of the Enterprise or the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder.

R. Possession of Intellectual Property . The Company and the Subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how, confidential information, trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, “ Intellectual Property ”) necessary to carry on the business now operated by them, except where the failure to own or possess, or have the ability to acquire on reasonable terms such Intellectual Property would not, singularly or in the aggregate, cause a Material Adverse Change. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any Subsidiary therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a Material Adverse Change.

S. Absence of Further Requirements . No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, or in connection with the performance by the Company of its obligations with respect to the offering or sale of the Offered Shares under this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except such as have been already obtained or as may be required under the Securities Act or the regulations promulgated thereunder or state securities laws or by FINRA, the NYSE Amex or the Toronto Stock Exchange.

T. No Price Stabilization or Manipulation; Compliance with Regulation M . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would be reasonably expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Common Shares or any other “reference security” (as defined in Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act (“ Regulation M ”)) whether to facilitate the sale or resale of the Offered Shares or otherwise, and has taken no action which would directly or indirectly violate Regulation M. The Company acknowledges that the Underwriter may engage in passive market making transactions in the Offered Shares on the NYSE Amex and the Toronto Stock Exchange in accordance with Regulation M.

 

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U. Possession of Licenses and Permits . The Company and each Subsidiary possess such permits, licenses, certificates, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, “ Governmental Licenses ”) issued by appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory bodies necessary for the ownership of their respective assets and to conduct the business now operated by them, except where the failure to have obtained the same would not cause a Material Adverse Change. The Company and each Subsidiary are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure to so comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, cause a Material Adverse Change. Neither Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding would result in a Material Adverse Change.

V. Reserve Report Data . The oil and gas reserve estimates of the Company contained or incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and included in the Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus and Time of Sale Prospectus have been prepared by independent reserve engineers in accordance with Commission guidelines applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved, and the Company has no reason to believe that such estimates do not fairly reflect the oil and gas reserves of the Company as of the dates indicated. Other than production of the reserves in the ordinary course of business and intervening product price fluctuations described in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus and Time of Sale Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances that would cause a Material Adverse Change in the reserves or the present value of future net cash flows therefrom as described in the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus or Time of Sale Prospectus.

W. Properties . Except as otherwise set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus or such as in the aggregate does not now cause or will in the future cause a Material Adverse Change, the Company and each Subsidiary have title to their respective properties as follows: (a) with respect to wells (including leasehold interests and appurtenant personal property) and non-producing oil and gas properties (including undeveloped locations on leases held by production and those leases not held by production), such title is good and free and clear of all liens, security interests, pledges, charges, encumbrances, mortgages and restrictions, (b) with respect to non-producing properties in exploration prospects, such title was investigated in accordance with customary industry procedures prior to the acquisition thereof by the Company or any Subsidiary; (c) with respect to real property other than oil and gas interests, such title is good and marketable free and clear of all liens, security interests, pledges, charges, encumbrances, mortgages and restrictions; and (d) with respect to personal property other than that appurtenant to oil and gas interests, such title is free and clear of all liens, security interests, pledges, charges, encumbrances, mortgages and restrictions. No real property owned, leased, licensed, or used by the Company or any Subsidiary lies in an area which is, or to the knowledge of the Company will be, subject to restrictions which would prohibit, and no statements of facts relating to the actions or inaction of another person or entity or his or its ownership, leasing, licensing, or use of any real or personal property exists or will exist which would prevent, the continued effective ownership, leasing, licensing, exploration, development or production or use of such real property in the business of the Company or any Subsidiary as presently conducted or as the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus indicates they contemplate conducting, except as may be properly described in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus or such as in the aggregate do not now cause and will not in the future cause a Material Adverse Change.

X. Insurance . Except as otherwise set forth in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Company and each Subsidiary are insured by insurers against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are customary for the business in which they are engaged; all such policies of insurance insuring the Company and each Subsidiary are in full force and effect and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any reason to believe that any of

 

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them will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business. Except as otherwise set forth in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus, there are no material claims by the Company or any Subsidiary under any such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause.

Y. Taxes . The Company and each of the Subsidiaries has filed on a timely basis all foreign, federal, state and local tax returns that are required to be filed or have requested extensions thereof (except in any case in which the failure so to file would not cause a Material Adverse Change) and has paid all taxes required to be paid by it and any other assessment, fine or penalty levied against it to the extent due and payable, except for any such assessment, fine or penalty that is currently being contested in good faith or would not cause a Material Adverse Change.

Z. Investment Company Act . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is required, and upon the sale of the Offered Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus will not be required, to register as an “investment company” within the meaning of such term under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

AA. Environmental Laws . There has been no storage, disposal, generation, manufacture, refinement, transportation, handling or treatment of hazardous substances or hazardous wastes by the Company or any Subsidiary (or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its predecessors in interest), at, upon or from any of the property now or previously owned, leased or operated by the Company or any Subsidiary in violation of any applicable law, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit that would require the Company or any Subsidiary to undertake any remedial action under any applicable law, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, except for any violation or remedial action that would not, individually or in the aggregate with all such violations and remedial actions, cause a Material Adverse Change. Except for abandonment and similar costs incurred or to be incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Company or any Subsidiary, there has been no material spill, discharge, leak, emission, injection, escape, dumping or release of any kind onto any property now or previously owned, leased or operated by the Company or any Subsidiary or into the environment surrounding such property of any hazardous substances or hazardous wastes due to or caused by the Company or any Subsidiary (or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its predecessors in interest), except for any such spill, discharge, leak, emission, injection, escape, dumping or release that would not, singularly or in the aggregate with all such spills, discharges, leaks, emissions, injections, escapes, dumpings and releases, result in a Material Adverse Change and the terms “hazardous substances,” and “hazardous wastes” shall be construed broadly to include such terms and similar terms, all of which shall have the meanings specified in any applicable local, state and federal laws or regulations with respect to environmental protection. Except as set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has been named as a “potentially responsible party” under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended.

BB. Registration Rights . There are no persons with registration rights or other similar rights to have any securities of the Company registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or sold in the offering contemplated by this Agreement, except for such rights as have been duly waived.

CC. Internal Accounting . Subject to such exceptions, if any, as could not cause a Material Adverse Change, the Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial

 

9


statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

DD. Illegal Payments . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.

EE. Corporate Records . The minute books of the Company and each Subsidiary have been made available to the Underwriter and counsel for the Underwriter, and such books (i) reflect all meetings and actions of the board of directors (including each board committee) and stockholders (or analogous governing bodies and interest holders, as applicable) of the Company and each Subsidiary since the time of its respective organization through the date of the latest meeting and action, and (ii) are complete and correct in all material respects.

FF. Brokers . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any person that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or the Underwriter for a brokerage commission, finder’s fee or like payment in connection with the offering and sale of the Offered Shares other than this Agreement.

GG. ERISA . The minimum funding standard under Section 302 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (“ ERISA ”), has been satisfied by each “pension plan” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA) which has been established or maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary, and the trust forming part of each such plan which is intended to be qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, is so qualified; each of the Company and the Subsidiaries has fulfilled its obligations, if any, under Section 515 of ERISA; neither the Company nor any Subsidiary maintains and is required to contribute to a “welfare plan” (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA) which provides retiree or other post-employment welfare benefits or insurance coverage (other than “continuation coverage” (as defined in Section 602 of ERISA)); each pension plan and welfare plan established or maintained by the Company and/or one of the Subsidiaries is in compliance with the currently applicable provisions of ERISA, except where the failure to comply would not cause a Material Adverse Change; and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has incurred or could incur any withdrawal liability under Section 4201 of ERISA, any liability under Section 4062, 4063, or 4064 of ERISA, or any other liability under Title IV of ERISA.

HH. Margin Securities . The Company does not own any “margin securities” as that term is defined in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “ Federal Reserve Board ”), and none of the proceeds of the sale of the Offered Shares will be used, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin security, for the purpose of reducing or retiring any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry any margin security or for any other purpose which might cause any of the Offered Shares to be considered a “purpose credit” within the meanings of Regulation T, U or X of the Federal Reserve Board.

Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or any Subsidiary that is delivered to the Underwriter or to counsel for the Underwriter pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby.

 

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Section 2. [INTENTIONALLY OMITTED]

Section 3. Purchase, Sale and Delivery of the Offered Shares.

A. The Firm Shares . The Company agrees to issue and sell to the Underwriter the Firm Shares upon the terms herein set forth. On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, and upon the terms but subject to the conditions herein set forth, the Underwriter agrees to purchase from the Company all of the Firm Shares. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriter to the Company for the Firm Shares shall be $0.386 per share.

B. The First Closing Date . Delivery of the Firm Shares to be purchased by the Underwriter and payment therefor shall be made at the offices of Porter & Hedges, L.L.P. (or such other place as may be agreed to by the Company and the Underwriter) at 9:00 a.m. Houston time, on May 22, 2009, or such other time and date as shall be agreed upon by the Underwriter and the Company (the time and date of such closing are called the “ First Closing Date ”).

C. The Optional Shares; Option Closing Date . In addition, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, and upon the terms but subject to the conditions herein set forth, the Company hereby grants an option to the Underwriter to purchase up to an aggregate of 5,475,000 Optional Shares from the Company at the purchase price per share to be paid by the Underwriter for the Firm Shares. The option granted hereunder is for use by the Underwriter solely in covering any over-allotments in connection with the sale and distribution of the Firm Shares. The option granted hereunder may be exercised at any time and from time to time in whole or in part upon notice by the Underwriter to the Company, which notice may be given at any time within 30 days from the date of this Agreement. Such notice shall set forth (i) the aggregate number of Optional Shares as to which the Underwriter is exercising the option, (ii) the names and denominations in which the Optional Shares are to be registered and (iii) the time, date and place at which the Optional Shares will be delivered (which time and date may be simultaneous with, but not earlier than, the First Closing Date; and in such case the term “ First Closing Date ” shall refer to the time and date of delivery of certificates for the Firm Shares and such Optional Shares). Such time and date of delivery, if subsequent to the First Closing Date, is called an “ Option Closing Date ” and shall be determined by the Underwriter and shall not be earlier than two or later than five full business days after delivery of such notice of exercise. The Underwriter may cancel the option at any time prior to its expiration by giving written notice of such cancellation to the Company.

D. Public Offering of the Offered Shares . The Underwriter hereby advises the Company that the Underwriter intends to offer for sale to the public, initially on the terms set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Offered Shares as soon after this Agreement has been executed as the Underwriter, in its judgment, has determined is advisable and practicable. The Underwriter represents and warrants to the Company that it has not engaged, and covenants with the Company that it will not engage, in any acts, advertising, solicitations, conduct or negotiations, including underwriting or investor relations activities, in the Province of Alberta in furtherance of a trade of any of the Offered Shares. The Company also represents and warrants to the Underwriter that it has not engaged, and covenants with the Underwriter that it will not engage, in any acts, advertising, solicitations, conduct or negotiations, including investor relations activities, in the Province of Alberta in furtherance of a trade of any of the Offered Shares.

 

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E. Payment for the Offered Shares . Payment for the Firm Shares shall be made at the First Closing Date by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the order of the Company. Payment for the Optional Shares shall be made at the


 
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