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UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

Underwriting Agreement

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT | Document Parties: CASTLE BRANDS INC | OPPENHEIMER & CO. INC. You are currently viewing:
This Underwriting Agreement involves

CASTLE BRANDS INC | OPPENHEIMER & CO. INC.

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Title: UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
Governing Law: New York     Date: 3/17/2006
Industry: Beverages (Alcoholic)     Law Firm: Patterson Belnap Webb & Tyler LLP; Blank Rome LLP    

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT, Parties: castle brands inc , oppenheimer & co. inc.
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Exhibit 1

[3,500,000] Shares of Common Stock 1

($.01 par value)

CASTLE BRANDS INC.

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

 

New York, New York
, 2006

OPPENHEIMER & CO. INC.
   As Representative of the several
   Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto
125 Broad Street
New York, New York 10004

Ladies and Gentlemen:

     Castle Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), confirms its agreement with Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“Oppenheimer”) and each of the underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (collectively, the “Underwriters”), for whom Oppenheimer is acting as the representative (the “Representative”), with respect to the issue and sale by the Company, and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of [3,500,000] shares of the Company’s common stock, $.01 par value per share (“Common Stock”). Such shares of Common Stock are hereinafter referred to as the “Firm Shares.”

     The Company also proposes to issue and sell to the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, up to an additional [525,000] shares of Common Stock (the “Option Shares”), if and to the extent that you, as representative of the Underwriters, shall have determined to exercise, on behalf of the Underwriters, the right to purchase such shares of Common Stock granted to the Underwriters in Section 2(c) hereof. The Firm Shares and the Option Shares are hereinafter referred to as the “Shares.”

1.

 

Representations and Warranties of the Company .

 

(a)

 

The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each of the Underwriters as follows:

 

 

(i)

 

A registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-128676) (the “Initial Registration Statement”) in respect of the Shares has been filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”); the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto, each in the form heretofore delivered to you, and, excluding exhibits thereto, delivered to you for each of the other Underwriters, have been declared effective by the Commission in such form; other than a registration statement, if any, increasing the size of the offering (a “Rule 462(b) Registration Statement”), filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities

 

 

 

 

1

 

Plus an option to purchase from the Company up to [525,000] additional shares to cover over-allotments.

 


 

 

 

 

Act”), which became effective upon filing, no other document with respect to the Initial Registration Statement has heretofore been filed with the Commission; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been initiated or are pending or threatened by the Commission or any state regulatory authority (any preliminary prospectus included in the Initial Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act, is hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus”); the Initial Registration Statement and the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, including all exhibits thereto and including the information contained in the form of final prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof and deemed by virtue of Rule 430A under the Securities Act to be part of the Initial Registration Statement at the time it was declared effective, each as amended at the time such Initial Registration Statement became effective or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, became or hereafter becomes effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration Statement;” and such final prospectus, in the form first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, is hereinafter called the “Prospectus.” For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (“EDGAR”).

 

 

 

 

 

(ii)

 

Each Preliminary Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering was identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T and the Securities Act. The Prospectus that will be delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T and the Securities Act.

 

 

 

 

 

(iii)

 

No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein.

 

 

 

 

 

(iv)

 

The Registration Statement conforms, and the Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and do not and will not, as of the applicable effective date as to the Registration Statement and any amendment

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thereto, and as of the applicable dates of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(b) hereof. The Company has included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as of the effective dates thereof and of any amendments thereto, all information required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder to be included therein.

 

 

 

 

 

(v)

 

Disclosure Package. The term “Disclosure Package” shall mean, collectively, (i) the preliminary prospectus that is included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Initial Sale Time (as defined below), if any, as amended or supplemented, (ii) the issuer free writing prospectuses as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act (each, an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”) identified in Schedule II hereto and (iii) any other free writing prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package. As of [time] (Eastern Time] on the date of this Agreement (the “Initial Sale Time”), the Disclosure Package did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from the Disclosure Package based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein, it is being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described in Section 8(b) hereof.

 

 

 

 

 

(vi)

 

Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times through the completion of the offering and sale of the Shares or until any earlier date that the Company notified or notifies the Representative as described in the next sentence, did not, does not and will not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances prevailing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company has promptly notified or will promptly notify the Representative and has promptly amended or will promptly amended or supplemented or will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission. The foregoing two sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the

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Representative specifically for use therein, it is being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by the Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8(b) hereof.

 

 

 

 

 

(vii)

 

The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the later of the last Option Closing Date (as defined below) and the completion of the Underwriters’ distribution of the Shares, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares other than a preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus reviewed and consented to by the Representative and set forth in Schedule II hereto.

 

 

 

 

 

(viii)

 

Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as hereinafter defined) (i) has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, (ii) other than as disclosed in the Registration Statement, owns no interest, either of record or beneficially, in any corporation, partnership, trust, joint venture or other business entity, (iii) is duly qualified to do business, and is in good standing as a foreign corporation, in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or leasing of any properties or the character of its operations requires such qualification, except for such failure to be so qualified or in good standing that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, operations, business prospects, or properties of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (a “Material Adverse Effect”), (iv) has all requisite power and authority, corporate and other, and has obtained any and all necessary authorizations, approvals, orders, licenses, consents, certificates and permits (collectively, “Permits”) of and from all governmental or regulatory officials and bodies, to own or lease its properties and conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus except for the failure to obtain such Permits that would not have a Material Adverse Effect and (v) is and has been doing business in compliance with all such Permits and all federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules and regulations, and has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Permit which, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. The disclosures in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus concerning the effects of federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules and regulations on each of the Company’s and the Subsidiaries’ business as currently conducted and as contemplated are correct in all material respects and do not omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein not misleading.

 

 

 

 

 

(ix)

 

The Company had and has, at the date or dates indicated in the each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, a duly authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus under “Capitalization” and will have the adjusted authorized and outstanding capitalization set forth therein on the Closing Date, based upon the assumptions set forth therein. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or bound by, any instrument, agreement or other arrangement providing for it to issue any capital stock, rights, warrants, options or other securities of the Company, except for this Agreement or as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.

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(x)

 

The statements set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Securities,” insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of the terms of the capital stock and other securities of the Company are accurate and complete as of the Closing. All securities of the Company which are issued and outstanding or issuable conform or, when issued and paid for, will conform, in all material respects to the description of such securities contained in the Disclosure Package and Prospectus. All issued and outstanding securities of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, and the holders thereof have no rights of rescission with respect thereto and are not subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders; and none of such securities were issued in violation of any preemptive rights of any holders of any security of the Company or similar contractual rights granted by the Company. The Shares (i) are not and will not be issued in violation of any preemptive or other similar rights of any stockholder, (ii) have been duly authorized for quotation on the American Stock Exchange, and (iii) when issued, paid for and delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and Prospectus. The holders of the Shares will not be subject to any liability solely by reason of being such holders.

 

 

 

 

 

(xi)

 

All corporate action required to be taken by the Company or any of it Subsidiaries for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares has been duly and validly taken; and the certificates representing the Shares will be in due and proper form according to the corporate law of Delaware. Upon the issuance and delivery, pursuant to the terms hereof, of the Shares to be sold by the Company hereunder, and payment therefor the Underwriters will acquire good and marketable title to such Shares, free and clear of any lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, pledge, security interest, defect or other restriction or equity of any kind whatsoever except for any such lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, pledge, security interest, defect, other restriction, or equity created by the Underwriters or imposed upon the assets of the Underwriters.

 

 

 

 

 

(xii)

 

The subsidiaries of the Company listed on Schedule III hereto (each, a “Subsidiary,” and together, the “Subsidiaries”) are the only subsidiaries of the Company as defined by Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X. All the outstanding             shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, and, except as otherwise set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are owned, directly or through other Subsidiaries of the Company, by the Company free and clear of any security interest, claim, lien or encumbrance.

 

 

 

 

 

(xiii)

 

The consolidated financial statements (audited and unaudited), including the related notes and schedules thereto, included in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, fairly present in all material respects the financial position, income, changes in cash flow, changes in stockholders’ equity, and results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries at the respective dates and for the respective periods to which they apply. Except, and to the extent, set forth in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles,

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consistently applied throughout the periods involved. The other financial information set forth in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package are accurate in all material respects and present fairly in all material respects the information shown therein and have been derived from, or compiled on, a basis consistent with that of the audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements included in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package.

 

 

 

 

 

(xiv)

 

There has not occurred any material adverse change, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package (exclusive of any amendments or supplements thereto subsequent to the date of this Agreement).

 

 

 

 

 

(xv)

 

The outstanding debt, the property, both tangible and intangible, and the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained in the Registration Statement. Disclosure Package and Prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

(xvi)

 

Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has filed all Federal, state, local and foreign tax returns that are required to be filed or has requested extensions thereof, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package or where such failure singularly or in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect, and has paid all taxes required to be paid by it and any other assessment, fine or penalty levied against it, to the extent that any of the foregoing is due and payable, except for any such assessment, fine or penalty that (i) is currently being contested in good faith, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, (ii) is set forth in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and Prospectus or (iii) would not, singularly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

 

 

 

 

(xvii)

 

The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which they are engaged; all policies of insurance insuring the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, assets, employees, officers and directors are in full force and effect; the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of such policies in all material respects; and there are no claims by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause; neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

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(xviii)

 

There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, arbitration, investigation, litigation or governmental proceeding, domestic or foreign, pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against (or, to the Company’s knowledge, circumstances that are reasonably likely give rise to the same), or involving the properties or business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which (i) questions the validity of its capital stock, this Agreement or any action taken or to be taken by the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to, or in connection with, this Agreement, (ii) is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package and Prospectus which is not so disclosed or (iii) except for matters disclosed in the Registration Statement, might, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

 

 

 

 

(xix)

 

The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable Federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses, (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except, in the case of each of (i), (ii) and (iii) above, where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such permits, licenses or approvals would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect and (iv) have no costs or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for cleanup, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties) which would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

 

 

 

 

(xx)

 

The Company has the power and authority, corporate and other, to authorize, issue, deliver and sell the Shares being sold by it hereunder, enter into this Agreement and consummate the transactions provided for in this Agreement; and this Agreement has been duly and properly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxi)

 

None of the Company’s issuance or sale of the Shares or the execution or delivery of this Agreement by the Company, the Company’s performance hereunder or the conduct of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ business as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package and any amendments or supplements thereto, (A) results in or will result in any breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, (B) constitutes or will constitute a default under, or (C) results in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, pledge, security interest, defect or other restriction of any kind whatsoever, upon any property or assets (tangible or intangible) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of any of the following: (i) the Charter or By-laws of the Company or its Subsidiaries, (ii) any license, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, voting trust agreement, stockholders agreement, note, indebtedness, loan, lease, deed of trust, credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company or its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it is or may be bound or to

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which any of its properties or assets (tangible or intangible) is or may be subject, or (iii) any statute, judgment, decree, order, rule or regulation, applicable to the Company or its Subsidiaries, of any arbitrator, court, regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their activities or properties except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) for such breaches, violations, defaults, liens or other restrictions that do not or will not, singularly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxii)

 

No consent, approval, authorization or order of, and no filing with, any court, regulatory body, government agency or other body, domestic or foreign, is required in connection with the transactions contemplated herein or the performance of this Agreement, except such as have been or may be obtained under the Securities Act, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated under these acts, or may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws, the rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (“NASD”) or the American Stock Exchange in connection with the Underwriters’ purchase and distribution of the Shares, in the manner contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxiii)

 

All executed agreements, contracts or other documents or copies of executed agreements, contracts or other documents filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of its assets, properties or business may be subject have been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by it, and constitute the legal, valid and binding agreements of the Company or such Subsidiary, enforceable against it in accordance with their respective terms. The descriptions in the Registration Statement and Prospectus of agreements, contracts and other documents are accurate in all material respects and fairly present the information required to be shown with respect thereto on Form S-1. There are no contracts or other documents which are required by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder to be described in the Registration Statement or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement which are not described or filed as required, as the case may be, and the exhibits which have been filed are in all material respects complete and correct copies of the documents of which they purport to be copies.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxiv)

 

Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation or default of (A) any provision of its Charter or By-laws or (B) the terms of any indenture, contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which it is a party or bound or to which its property is subject except, in the case of clause (B), where such violation or default, singularly or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxv)

 

No labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is threatened or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or its Subsidiaries’ principal suppliers, manufacturers, contractors or customers, that could have a Material Adverse

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Effect, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxvi)

 

No “prohibited transaction” (as defined in Section 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (“ERISA”), or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (the “Code”)) or “accumulated funding deficiency” (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA) or any of the events set forth in Section 4043(b) of ERISA (other than events with respect to which the 30-day notice requirement under Section 4043 of ERISA has been waived) has occurred with respect to any employee benefit plan which could have a Material Adverse Effect; each employee benefit plan is in compliance in all material respects with applicable law, including ERISA and the Code; the Company has not incurred and does not expect to incur liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of, or withdrawal from, any “pension plan;” and each “pension plan” (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which could reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualification.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxvii)

 

Neither the Company or its Subsidiaries nor any of its employees, directors, stockholders, partners, or affiliates of any of the foregoing has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or which has constituted or which could reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares or otherwise.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxviii)

 

The Company and each of its Subsidiaries owns or has obtained licenses for the trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property referenced or described in the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package and Prospectus as being owned by or licensed to it (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”). Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, to the knowledge of the Company, there are no rights of third parties to any such owned Intellectual Property; to the knowledge of the Company there is no infringement by third parties of any such owned Intellectual Property; to the knowledge of the Company, there is no pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; there is no domestic or foreign, pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; and there is no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and the Company is unaware of facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim. The Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use all Intellectual

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Property necessary for the conduct of the Company’s business as now conducted or as proposed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus to be conducted.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxix)

 

The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to, or valid and enforceable leasehold estates in, all items of real and personal property owned or leased by it, including all such items stated in the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package or Prospectus to be owned or leased by it, in each case free and clear of all liens, charges, claims, encumbrances, pledges, security interests, defects, or other restrictions or equities of any kind whatsoever, except such as are described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus such as do not materially affect the value of such property to the extent of the Company’s interest and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are held by such respective entity under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its Subsidiaries.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxx)

 

Eisner LLP (“Eisner”), which has audited certain financial statements of the Company included in the Registration Statement, has advised the Company that it is an independent registered public accountant as required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and the Public Accounting Oversight Board, and Eisner is, with respect to the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”).

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxi)

 

Except as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus under “Underwriting,” there are no claims, payments, issuances, arrangements or understandings, whether oral or written, of the Company for services in the nature of a finder’s or origination fee with respect to the sale of the Shares by it hereunder or any other arrangements, agreements, understandings, payments or issuances with respect to the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its respective officers, directors, stockholders, employees or affiliates that may affect the Underwriters’ compensation, as determined by the NASD.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxii)

 

Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any of its officers, employees, agents, or any other person acting on behalf of the Company, has, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any money, gift or similar benefit (other than legal price concessions to customers in the ordinary course of business) to any customer, supplier, employee or agent of a customer or supplier, or official or employee of any governmental agency (domestic or foreign) or instrumentality of any government (domestic or foreign) or any political party or candidate for office (domestic or foreign) or other person who was, is or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or assist the Company in connection with any actual or proposed transaction) which (i) might subject the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any other such person, to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal or governmental litigation or proceeding (domestic or foreign), (ii) if not given in the past, might have had a Material Adverse Effect, or (iii) if not continued in the future, might have a Material Adverse Effect.

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(xxxiii)

 

The Company and each of its Subsidiaries maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxiv)

 

The minute books of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have been made available to the Underwriters and counsel for the Underwriters, and such books contain a complete summary of all meetings and actions of the board of directors (including each board committee) and stockholders of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries since the time of its respective incorporation through the date of the latest meeting and action, and (ii) accurately reflect in all material respects all transactions referred to in such minutes.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxv)

 

No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxvi)

 

The Company is in compliance with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or implementing the provisions thereof that are currently applicable to the Company and is actively taking steps to ensure that it will be in compliance with other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act not currently applicable to the Company upon and at all times after the applicability of such provisions.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxvii)

 

The Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, upon and at all times after the American Stock Exchange approved the Shares for quotation, it will be in compliance with all applicable corporate governance requirements set forth in the Amex Company Guide that are then in effect and is actively taking steps to ensure that it will be in compliance with other applicable corporate governance requirements set forth in the Amex Company Guide not currently in effect upon and all times after the effectiveness of such requirements.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxviii)

 

Except as (i) set forth in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or (ii) not required to be described pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, no officer, director or 5% stockholder of the Company, or any “affiliate” or “associate” (as these terms are defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) or “immediate family member” (as this term is defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K) of any of the foregoing persons or entities has or has had, either directly or indirectly, (i) an interest in any person or entity which (A) furnishes or sells services or products which are furnished or sold or are proposed to be furnished or sold by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (B) purchases from or sells or furnishes to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries any goods or services, or (ii) a beneficial interest in any contract or agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it may be bound or affected. Except as (i) set forth in the Registration Statement and

11


 

 

 

 

Prospectus under “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions,” or (ii) not required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, there are no existing agreements, arrangements, understandings or transactions, or proposed agreements, arrangements, understandings or transactions, between or among the (x) Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (y) any officer or director or any 5% stockholder of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any partner, affiliate, associate or immediately family member of any of the foregoing persons.

 

 

 

 

 

(xxxix)

 

There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expense in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company.

 

 

 

 

 

(xl)

 

There are no transactions, arrangements or other relationships between and/or among the Company, any of its affiliates (as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity, that could reasonably be expected to materially affect the Company’s liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources required to be described in the Registration Statement which have not been described as required.

 

 

 

 

 

(xli)

 

Except as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, no holders of any securities of the Company or of any options, warrants or other convertible or exchangeable securities of the Company have the right to include any securities issued by the Company in the Registration Statement or any registration statement to be filed by the Company or to require the Company to file a registration statement under the Securities Act, other than those holders who have waived such rights. Except as described in the Registration Statement, no holder of any securities of the Company or any other person has the right, contractual or otherwise, wh


 
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