THIS
STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is
made as of [ • ], 2009, by and among Cambium Holdings,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”),
VSS-Cambium Holdings III, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, (the “ Stockholder ”) and Vowel
Representative, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the
“ Stockholders’ Representative ”), solely
in its capacity as the Stockholders’ Representative pursuant
to ARTICLE VIII of the Merger Agreement (as defined
below).
WHEREAS , the Company, Voyager Learning Company, VSS-Cambium
Holdings II Corp., a Delaware corporation (“ Consonant
”), Vowel Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a
wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“ Vowel Merger
Sub ”), Consonant Acquisition Corp., a Delaware
corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“
Consonant Merger Sub ”) and the Stockholders’
Representative, have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Mergers,
dated as of June 20, 2009 (as the same may be amended,
supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “
Merger Agreement ”), pursuant to which, among other
things, immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement, Vowel
Merger Sub merged with and into Vowel (the “ Vowel
Merger ”), with Vowel surviving the Vowel Merger as a
wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Consonant Merger Sub
merged with and into Consonant (the “ Consonant Merger
”), with Consonant surviving the Consonant Merger as a
wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
WHEREAS , pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the
Stockholder, being the former sole stockholder of Consonant, has
received shares of common stock of the Company, $0.001 par value
per share (the “ Common Stock ”), as well as
certain other consideration described in the Merger Agreement, in
consideration of its common stock of Consonant;
WHEREAS , the Stockholder is currently the beneficial owner
of [ • ] of shares of Common Stock;
WHEREAS , the Stockholder and the Company believe it to be
in the best interests of the Stockholder and of the Company to
insure continuity of harmonious management of the Company and its
subsidiaries, and the good performance thereof, by providing for
certain preemptive rights and subscription rights and by addressing
certain matters relating to the governance of the Company;
and
WHEREAS , the Stockholder and the Company hereby agree that
this Agreement shall govern certain matters as set forth in this
Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants
herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration,
the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the
Company and the Stockholder do hereby agree as follows:
1.
Definitions . For purposes of this Agreement:
1.1.
“ Affiliate ” has the meaning given to it in
Rule 144(a)(1) of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.
1.2.
“ Audit Committee ” means the Audit Committee of
the Company’s Board of Directors.
1.3.
“ Audit Committee Independent Director ” means a
director who is (i) independent as defined under
Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules;
(ii) meets the criteria for independence set forth under
Rule 10A-3(b) of the Exchange Act; (iii) has not
participated in the preparation of the financial statements of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries during the past three years; and
(iv) is able to read and understand fundamental financial
statements, including a balance sheet, income statement and cash
flow statement.
1.4.
“ Board ” has the meaning assigned thereto in
Section 2.1(a) .
1.5.
“ Business Day ” means a day, other than a
Saturday or Sunday, or other day on which banks in the State of New
York are closed or authorized by law to close.
1.6.
“ By-laws ” means the by-laws of the
Company.
1.7.
“ Capital Stock ” means (a) shares of
Common Stock and Preferred Stock (whether now outstanding or
hereafter issued in any context), (b) shares of Common Stock
issued or issuable upon conversion of Preferred Stock and
(c) shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon exercise or
conversion, as applicable, of stock options, warrants or other
convertible securities of the Company, in each case now owned or
subsequently acquired by any Stockholder, or their respective
successors or permitted transferees or assigns. For purposes of the
number of shares of Capital Stock held by a Stockholder (or any
other calculation based thereon), all shares of Preferred Stock
shall be deemed to have been converted into Common Stock at the
then-applicable conversion ratio.
1.8.
“ Common Stock ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in the recitals to this Agreement.
1.9.
“ Company Securities ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.1 .
1.10.
“ Contingent Value Right Agreement ” means that
certain Contingent Value Right Agreement, dated as of [
• ], 2009, by and among the Stockholders’
Representative, the Company and Wells Fargo, N.A., as Rights
Agent.
1.11.
“ DGCL ” means the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware.
1.12.
“ Effective Time ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in the Merger Agreement.
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1.13.
“ Escrow Agreement ” means that certain Escrow
Agreement, dated as of [ • ], 2009, by and among
Voyager Learning Company, the Stockholders’ Representative,
the Company and Wells Fargo, N.A., as Escrow Agent.
1.14.
“ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended.
1.15.
“ Exempt Issuances ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.2(a) .
1.16.
“ Independent Director ” means a director who is
independent as defined under Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq
Marketplace Rules.
1.17.
“ Merger Agreement ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in the recitals to this Agreement.
1.18.
“ New Issuance ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.1 .
1.19.
“ Offer Notice ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.1 .
1.20.
“ Ownership Percentage ” means the quotient of
(1) the number of votes which may be cast by a VSS Stockholder
as of the date of the Offer Notice based upon the number of shares
of Voting Stock owned by such VSS Stockholder on the date of the
Offer Notice divided by (2) the total number of
votes which may be cast by the holders of all outstanding shares of
Voting Stock as of the date of the Offer Notice.
1.21.
“ Permitted Assignee ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.1 .
1.22.
“ Person ” means any individual, corporation,
partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or other
entity.
1.23.
“ Preferred Stock ” means shares of the
Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, as may
be issued from time to time.
1.24.
“ Purchasing Stockholder ” has the meaning
assigned thereto in Section 3.2(a) .
1.25.
“ Restated Certificate ” means the Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
1.26.
“ Shares ” means and includes any securities of
the Company the holders of which are entitled to vote for members
of the Board, including without limitation, all shares of Common
Stock or Preferred Stock, by whatever name called, now owned or
subsequently acquired by a Stockholder, however acquired, whether
through stock splits, stock dividends, reclassifications,
recapitalizations, similar events or otherwise.
1.27.
“ Subscription Notice ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 4.2 .
1.28.
“ Subscription Period ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 4.1 .
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1.29.
“ Subscription Price Per Share ” has the meaning
assigned thereto in Section 4.1 .
1.30.
“ Subscription Shares ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 4.2 .
1.31.
Voting Stock ” means shares of Common Stock and any
Company Securities which vote on an as-converted basis with the
Common Stock.
1.32.
“ Vowel Class II Designees ” has the
meaning assigned thereto in Section 2.1(d) .
1.33.
“Vowel Class III Designees” has the meaning
assigned thereto in Section 2.1(d).
1.34.
“ VSS ” means Veronis Suhler Stevenson
LLC.
1.35.
“ VSS Fund(s) ” means the Stockholder and/or one
or more other funds or entities owned, controlled or managed by
VSS.
1.32.
“ VSS Stockholder ” has the meaning assigned
thereto in Section 3.1 .
2. Voting
Provisions Regarding Board of Directors and Organizational
Documents .
2.1.
Size and Composition of Board .
(a) The
Stockholder agrees to vote, or cause to be voted, all Shares owned
by such Stockholder, or over which such Stockholder has voting
control, from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as
shall be necessary to ensure that the size of the Board of
Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) shall,
until the third anniversary of the Effective Time (as that term is
defined in the Merger Agreement), be set and remain at nine
(9) directors.
(b) Pursuant
to the terms of the Restated Certificate, the Company maintains a
staggered board with the classes and other terms set forth in the
Restated Certificate and By-laws. Specifically, among other things,
the Restated Certificate provides that the Board shall be divided
into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible,
designated as Class I, Class II and Class III. The
Stockholder hereby acknowledges that the duly elected directors of
the Company as of the date hereof are the persons set forth on
Exhibit A attached hereto and that each such person
serves in the class described on Exhibit A .
2.2.
Removal and Replacement of Board Members .
(a)
The Stockholder agrees that except as required by Law or rule of
any national securities exchange or self regulatory organization
(based on advice of legal counsel), and until the earlier to occur
of (the “ Expiration Date ”): (i) the
written consent of the Stockholders’ Representative (which
consent may be granted or withheld in its sole and absolute
discretion), (ii) the full distribution by the Escrow Agent (as
defined in the Escrow Agreement)
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of all of the
CVR Escrow Funds (as defined in the Escrow Agreement) in accordance
with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, (iii) the second
anniversary of the Effective Time with respect to the Vowel
Class II Designees listed below or the third anniversary of
the Effective Time with respect to the Vowel Class III
Designees listed below or (iv) the VSS Funds collectively
ceasing to beneficially own (as determined in accordance with
Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) at least ten percent (10%) of
the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Stockholder
shall not vote, act by written consent or take any other action to
remove or disqualify any of (i) the Vowel Class II Designees,
or (ii) the Vowel Class III Designees, in each case other
than for cause as determined in accordance with Section 141 of
the DGCL. The Stockholder agrees to execute any written consents
and take any other actions reasonably required to perform the
obligations of this Agreement. The Expiration Date, as applicable
to the Vowel Class II Designees is referred to herein as the
“ Class II Expiration Date ”; and the
Expiration Date, as applicable to the Vowel Class III
Designees is referred to herein as the “ Class III
Expiration Date ”.
(b) “
Vowel Class II Designees ” shall initially mean
the following two (2) individuals: [ • ] and [
• ]. “ Vowel Class III Designees
” shall initially mean the following two (2) individuals: [
• ] and [ • ]. The Vowel Class II
Designees and the Vowel Class III Designees are referred to
collectively herein as the “ Vowel Designees ”.
If, at any time prior to the applicable Expiration Date, any Vowel
Designee resigns, is removed for cause as contemplated in
Section 2.2(a) , or a vacancy otherwise occurs with
respect to the board seat occupied by such Vowel Designee, then the
Stockholder or the Company shall provide prompt written notice to
the Stockholders’ Representative of such vacancy and the
Stockholders’ Representative may nominate a replacement
director to serve in the same Class as the departing director,
subject to the approval of the Stockholder (which approval shall
not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) (each, a
“ Vowel Replacement Designee ”). The Stockholder
shall vote, act by written consent and take any other action that
is necessary or appropriate to cause the election of the Vowel
Replacement Designee to the Board whereupon the Vowel Replacement
Designee shall become a Vowel Class II Designee or a Vowel
Class III Designee, as applicable, in accordance with this
Agreement.
(c) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, at least two (2) of the Vowel Designees
(including any Vowel Replacement Designee) and at least one
(1) of the directors nominated by the Stockholder shall be an
Audit Committee Independent Director.
2.3.
Amendment of Restated Certificate and Bylaws . The
Stockholder agrees that, until the third anniversary of the
Effective Time, except as required by Law or any rule of any
national securities exchange or self regulatory organization (based
on advice of legal counsel), for so long as the VSS Funds
collectively beneficially own (as determined in accordance with
Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) at least ten percent (10%) of the
issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, (i)
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