Exhibit 4.1
EXECUTION COPY
WARRANT AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
between
BORDERS GROUP, INC.
and
COMPUTERSHARE INC. AND
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
Warrant Agent
Dated as of April 9, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.
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DEFINITIONS |
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2.
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ORIGINAL ISSUE OF WARRANTS |
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2.1. Form of Warrant
Certificates |
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2.2 Execution and Delivery of Warrant
Certificates |
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3.
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EXERCISE PRICE; EXERCISE OF WARRANTS
AND EXPIRATION OF WARRANTS |
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3.1 Exercise Price |
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3.2. Exercise of Warrants |
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3.3. Expiration of Warrants |
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3.4. Method of Exercise; Payment of
Exercise Price |
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3.5. Compliance with the Securities
Act |
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3.6. Exercise Only for Cash Prior to
Required Shareholder Approval and Incentive Plans Amendments |
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4.
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REGISTRATION RIGHTS AND PROCEDURES
AND LISTING |
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4.1. Registration |
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4.2. Expenses of Registration |
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4.3. Obligations of the Company |
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4.4. Suspension of Sales |
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4.5. Termination of Registration
Rights |
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4.6. Furnishing Information |
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4.7. Indemnification |
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4.8. Contribution |
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4.9. Representations, Warranties and
Indemnities to Survive |
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4.10. Lock-Up Agreements |
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4.11. Rule 144 Reporting |
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4.12. Obtaining Stock Exchange
Listing |
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5.
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ADJUSTMENTS |
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5.1. Adjustments upon Certain
Transactions |
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5.2. Dividends and Distributions |
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5.3. Tender Offers |
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5.4. Consolidation, Merger or
Sale |
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5.5. Securities Issuances |
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5.6. Full-Ratchet Adjustment for
Lower Revaluations |
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5.7. Adjustments after Certain
Transfers or a Qualifying Public Stock Merger |
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5.8. Affiliate Transactions |
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5.9. Fractional Shares |
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5.10. Notice of Adjustment |
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6.
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REDEMPTION UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL
OR DELISTING |
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6.1. Mandatory Redemption |
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6.2. Public Stock Merger |
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7.
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WARRANT TRANSFER BOOKS |
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8.
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WARRANT HOLDERS |
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8.1. No Voting Rights |
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8.2. Right of Action |
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8.3. Right to Defer Cash Settlement
Payments |
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9.
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WARRANT AGENT |
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9.1. Nature of Duties and
Responsibilities Assumed |
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9.2. Compensation and
Reimbursement |
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9.3. Warrant Agent May Hold Company
Securities |
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9.4. Resignation and Removal;
Appointment of Successor |
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9.5. Damages |
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10.
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
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10.1. Existence, Power and
Ownership |
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10.2. Authorization |
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10.3. No Conflicts |
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10.4. Consents |
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10.5. Enforceable Obligations |
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10.6. Capitalization |
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11.
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COVENANTS |
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11.1. Reservation of Common Stock for
Issuance on Exercise of Warrants |
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11.2. Notice of Dividends |
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12.
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MISCELLANEOUS |
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12.1. Money and Other Property
Deposited with the Warrant Agent |
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12.2. Payment of Taxes |
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12.3. Surrender of Certificates |
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12.4. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and
Stolen Warrant Certificates |
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12.5. Removal of Legends |
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12.6. Notices |
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12.7. Applicable Law |
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12.8. Persons Benefiting |
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12.9. Counterparts |
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12.10. Amendments |
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12.11. Headings |
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12.12. Entire Agreement |
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| SIGNATURES |
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| EXHIBIT A — Form of Warrant
Certificate |
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A-1 |
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-iv-
WARRANT AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT dated as of April 9,
2008 between Borders Group, Inc., a Michigan corporation (the
“Company”) and Computershare Inc., a Delaware
corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiary Computershare Trust
Company, N.A., a federally chartered trust company (collectively
together with their successors and assigns, the “Warrant
Agent” or individually “Computershare” and the
“Trust Company” respectively).
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the Company is issuing and
delivering warrant certificates (the “Warrant
Certificates”) evidencing Warrants to purchase up to an
aggregate of nine million five hundred fifty thousand (9,550,000)
shares, subject to adjustment, of its Common Stock (the
“First Issuance”), in connection with (i) the
execution and delivery of a senior secured term loan facility
agreement dated the date hereof (the “Term Loan
Agreement”) among the Company, the guarantors named therein,
Pershing Square Credit Partners LLC and PSRH, Inc. (the
“Lenders”) and Pershing Square Capital Management,
L.P., as agent, pursuant to which the Lenders will make a term loan
to the Company of up to $42,500,000 and (ii) the execution and
delivery of a purchase offer, pursuant to which Pershing Square
Capital Management, L.P. is making an offer to purchase (the
“Purchase Offer”) the Company’s business in
Australia, New Zealand and Singapore, which consists of Borders
Australia Pty. Ltd, Borders New Zealand Limited and Borders Pte.,
Ltd (Singapore) and their subsidiaries (the
“Oceania/Singapore Business”), and the Company’s
United Kingdom business which includes Paperchase Products Ltd and
its subsidiaries and the Company’s 17% equity interest in
Bookshop Acquisitions Ltd (the “UK Business”, and
together with the Oceania/Singapore Business, the “Foreign
Businesses”) for an aggregate cash price of $135,000,000
(less any attributable indebtedness for borrowed money of the
Foreign Businesses);
WHEREAS, the Company has agreed to
issue and deliver, subject to and upon the occurrence of a Second
Issuance Event (as defined herein), Warrant Certificates evidencing
Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of five million one hundred
fifty thousand (5,150,000) additional shares, subject to
adjustment, of its Common Stock (the “Second
Issuance”), in consideration of the Purchase Offer and other
good and valuable consideration;
WHEREAS, the Warrants will be cash
settled until the approval by the Company’s shareholders of
the issuance of the Common Stock upon the exercise of the Warrants,
in compliance with Section 312.03 of the New York Stock Exchange
Listed Company Manual and after such event, subject to certain
additional limitations provided herein, the Warrants will be
exercisable into Common Stock of the Company; and
WHEREAS, the Company desires the
Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant
Agent is willing to act, in connection with the issuance,
transfer, exchange, replacement and exercise of the Warrant
Certificates (as defined herein) and other matters as provided
herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the foregoing and for the purpose of defining the terms and
provisions of the Warrants and the respective rights and
obligations thereunder of the Company and the record holders of the
Warrants, the Company and the Warrant Agent each hereby agrees as
follows:
1.
DEFINITIONS.
As used in this Agreement, the
following terms shall have the following meanings:
Affiliate : with respect to any Person, a Person that
directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under
direct or indirect common control with such Person. For purposes of
this definition, “control” when used with respect to
any Person means the power to direct the management and policies of
such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership
of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms
“controlling” and “controlled” have
meanings correlative to the foregoing.
Articles of Incorporation : the Company’s Amended and
Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended from time to
time.
Board : the board of directors of the Company.
Business Day : any day that is not a day on which banking
institutions are authorized or required to be closed in the state
in which the principal office of the Warrant Agent is
located.
Cash Redemption Value : the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.
Change of Control Event : an event or series of events by
which (i) any Person or group of Persons shall have acquired
beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3
promulgated by the SEC under said Act), directly or indirectly, of
thirty-five percent (35%) or more of the outstanding shares of
Common Stock, (ii) all or substantially all of the
consolidated assets of the Company are sold, leased, exchanged or
transferred to any Person or group of Persons, (iii) the
Company is consolidated, merged, amalgamated, reorganized or
otherwise enters into a similar transaction in which it is combined
with another Person, unless the Persons who beneficially own the
outstanding Voting Securities of the Company immediately before
consummation of the transaction beneficially own a majority of the
outstanding Voting Securities of the combined or surviving entity
immediately thereafter, (iv) the majority of the seats (other
than vacant seats) on the Board (or similar governing body) ceases
to be occupied by Persons who either (a) were members of the Board
on the date hereof or (b) were nominated for election by the
Board, a majority of whom were directors on the date hereof or
whose election or nomination for election was previously approved
by a majority of such directors or (v) the approval by the
holders of capital stock of the Company of any plan
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or
proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company;
provided that no event or series of events shall constitute
a Change of Control Event prior to a Public Stock Merger if such
event or series of events is not approved by a majority of the
disinterested directors of the Company and the Initial Investor is
the acquirer or part of the acquiring group for purposes of clause
(i) or (ii), is combined with the Company for purposes of
clause (iii), or has individually or as part of a group
participated in the solicitation of proxies or consents that caused
the applicable changes in membership of the Board for purposes of
clause (iv). For purposes of this definition, a “group”
means a group of Persons within the meaning of Section 13 of
the Exchange Act.
Common Stock : the common stock, par value $0.001 per share,
of the Company.
Company : the meaning set forth in the preamble to this
Agreement and its successors and assigns.
Default Interest Rate : the meaning set forth in
Section 3.6.
Deferred Amounts : the meaning set forth in
Section 8.3.
Delisting Event : means any event or series of events as a
result of which the Underlying Common Stock ceases to be listed on
the NYSE or NASDAQ (or any successor national securities
exchanges).
Effective Issuance Price : the meaning set forth in
Section 5.6.
Excess Tender Amount : the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3.
Exchange Act : the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
ex-date : the meaning set for in Section 5.2.
Exercise Date : the meaning set forth in
Section 3.2.
Exercise Price : the meaning set forth in
Section 3.1.
Existing Facility : the Company’s Second Amended and
Restated Multicurrency Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of
July 31, 2006, as amended, as of the date hereof.
Expiration Date : the meaning set forth in
Section 3.3.
Fair Market Value :
(i) in
the case of shares of stock where, at least four months prior to
the issuance thereof, other shares of the same class had already
been listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ, the average of the daily
volume-weighted average prices of such stock for
-3-
the five
consecutive trading days immediately preceding the day as of which
Fair Market Value is being determined.
(ii) in
the case of securities not covered by (i) above, the Fair
Market Value of such securities shall be determined by an
Independent Financial Expert appointed for such purpose, using one
or more valuation methods that the Independent Financial Expert in
its best professional judgment determines to be most appropriate,
assuming such securities are fully distributed and are to be sold
in an arm’s-length transaction and there was no compulsion on
the part of any party to such sale to buy or sell and taking into
account all relevant factors.
(iii) in
the case of cash, the amount thereof.
(iv) in
the case of other property, the Fair Market Value of such property
shall be determined by an Independent Financial Expert appointed
for such purpose, using one or more valuation methods that the
Independent Financial Expert in its best professional judgment
determines to be most appropriate, assuming such property is to be
sold in an arm’s-length transaction and there was no
compulsion on the part of any party to such sale to buy or sell and
taking into account all relevant factors.
First Issuance : the meaning set forth in the preamble to
this Agreement.
Foreign Business : the meaning set forth in the preamble to
this Agreement.
Fully Diluted Basis : the Voting Securities that would be
outstanding after giving effect to the conversion, exchange or
exercise of all the Warrants and all other outstanding securities
of the Company that are convertible or exchangeable into Voting
Securities, and the exercise of all outstanding Rights to Purchase
Voting Securities, in each case, whether or not presently
convertible, exchangeable or exercisable.
Holders : from time to time, the holders of the Warrants
and, unless otherwise provided or indicated herein, the holders of
the Registrable Securities.
Incentive Plans Amendments : amendments to any material
employment agreements, change in control arrangements, severance
agreements, equity compensation plans or other compensation
arrangements or plans (including, without limitation, the Annual
Incentive Bonus Plan, but excluding the Borders Group Inc.
Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan for Nonemployee Directors,
The Borders Group, Inc. Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan,
effective as of January 1, 2005 and the Non-Qualified Deferred
Compensation Plan (frozen)) to provide that neither the granting of
the Warrants nor the exercise of the Warrants for Common Stock will
trigger accelerated equity vesting, accelerated payment or funding,
severance, increased potential severance (including double-trigger
change in control vesting) or other change of control payments or
rights for any of the Company or its subsidiaries, officers,
employees or directors.
-4-
Independent Financial Expert : a nationally recognized
investment banking firm mutually agreed by the Company and the
Person holding the greatest number of Warrants, which firm does not
have a material financial interest or other material economic
relationship with either the Company or the Person holding the
greatest number of Warrants or its Affiliates. If the Company and
the Holder of the greatest number of Warrants are unable to agree
on an Independent Financial Expert, each of them shall choose
promptly a separate Independent Financial Expert and these two
Independent Financial Experts shall choose promptly a third
Independent Financial Expert to determine the fair value of the
Warrants.
Initial Investor : means Pershing Square Capital Management,
L.P., its Affiliates and their respective managed funds.
Lenders : the meaning set forth in the preamble to this
Agreement.
Oceania/Singapore Business : the meaning set forth in the
preamble to the Agreement.
Person : any individual, corporation, partnership, joint
venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated
organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.
Premium Per Pro Forma Share : the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3.
Prospectus : the prospectus included in any Registration
Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement
with respect to the terms of the offering of any of the Registrable
Securities covered by such Registration Statement and by all other
amendments and supplements to the prospectus, including
post-effective amendments and all material incorporated by
reference in such prospectus.
Purchase Offer : the meaning set forth in the preamble to
the Agreement.
Public Stock Merger : means an event described in clause
(iii) of the definition of Change of Control Event pursuant to
which all of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company
are exchanged for, converted into or constitute solely (except to
the extent of applicable appraisal rights) the right to receive
common stock listed on a recognized national securities exchange,
and with respect to which the Warrants will be exercisable into
such common stock.
Qualifying Employee Stock : the meaning set forth in
Section 5.5.
Qualifying Public Stock Merger : means a Public Stock Merger
pursuant to which the surviving or resulting parent entity (into
whose listed common stock the Warrants would be exercisable) is an
entity with market capitalization in excess of
$1,000,000,000.
-5-
Registration Rights : the rights of Holders set forth in
Article 4 to have shares of Registrable Securities registered
under the Securities Act for sale under one or more effective
Registration Statements.
Registration Statement : any registration statement filed by
the Company under the Securities Act pursuant to the Registration
Rights, including the Prospectus, any amendments and supplements to
such Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments,
and all exhibits and all material incorporated by reference in such
registration statement.
Register, registered, and registration : shall refer to a
registration effected by preparing and (a) filing a
Registration Statement in compliance with the Securities Act and
applicable rules and regulations thereunder, and the declaration or
ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement or
(b) filing a Prospectus and/or prospectus supplement in
respect of an appropriate effective Registration Statement on Form
S-3.
Registrable Securities : means all Warrants and Common Stock
issuable under the Warrants to the Initial Investor as of the date
hereof and at any time during the term of this Agreement.
Registrable Securities shall continue to be Registrable Securities
(whether they continue to be held by the Initial Investor or they
are sold to other Persons) until (i) they are sold pursuant to
an effective Registration Statement under the Securities Act,
(ii) they may be sold by their holder pursuant to
Rule 144 without limitation thereunder on volume or manner of
sale or (iii) they shall have otherwise been transferred and
new securities not subject to transfer restrictions under any
federal securities laws and not bearing any legend restricting
further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company, all
applicable holding periods shall have expired, and no other
applicable and legally binding restriction on transfer by the
holder thereof shall exist.
Registration Expenses : mean all expenses incurred by the
Company in effecting any registration pursuant to this Agreement,
including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees,
printing expenses, fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Company, blue sky fees and expenses, and expenses of the
Company’s independent accountants in connection with any
regular or special reviews or audits incident to or required by any
such registration, but shall not include Selling Expenses.
Reorganization Event : the meaning set for in
Section 5.4.
Required Shareholder Approval : shall mean the approval by
the Company’s shareholders of the issuance of the Underlying
Common Stock upon the exercise of the Warrants, in compliance with
Section 312.03 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company
Manual.
Rights to Purchase Voting Securities : means options,
warrants and rights issued by the Company (whether presently
exercisable or not) to purchase Voting Securities or securities of
the Company that are convertible or exchangeable (whether presently
convertible or exchangeable or not) into or exercisable (whether
presently
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exercisable or not) for Voting Securities but, for the avoidance of
doubt, not including a stockholders rights plan.
Rule 144, Rule 405 and Rule 415 : mean, in
each case, such rule promulgated under the Securities Act (or any
successor provision), as the same shall be amended from time to
time.
sale : the meaning set forth in Section 3.5 of this
Agreement.
Scheduled Black-Out Period : means the period from and
including the last day of a fiscal quarter of the Company to and
including the Business Day after the day on which the Company
publicly releases its earnings for such fiscal quarter.
SEC : the Securities and Exchange Commission
Second Issuance : the meaning set forth in the preamble to
this Agreement.
Second Issuance Event : means the earlier to occur of
(i) October 1, 2008, if no definitive agreement with
respect to a transaction described in clause (iii) of the
definition of Change in Control Event of the Company has been
entered into prior to such date (or if such a definitive agreement
has been terminated or abandoned and the Company is not party to an
agreement with respect to another transaction described in such
clause (iii) (a “Subsequent Agreement”) for any
continuous period of 180 days thereafter); (ii) the date
notice is given by the Company that the Company is exercising its
rights under that certain Purchase Offer Letter, dated as of the
date hereof, between the Company and Pershing Square Capital
Management, L.P.; and (iii) the date of any public
announcement by the Company that it is suspending or terminating
the strategic alternatives review process initially announced on
March 20, 2008, or the failure by the Company to confirm it is
continuing to pursue its strategic alternatives review process upon
reasonable request by the Initial Investor after the termination of
a definitive agreement contemplated in clause (i) and prior to
the entry of any Subsequent Agreement.
Securities Act : the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.
Selling Expenses : mean all discounts, selling commissions
and stock transfer taxes applicable to the sale of Registrable
Securities.
Significant Holder : a holder of (a) economic exposure
(through ownership of Common Stock or related derivatives) with
respect to an aggregate number of shares of Common Stock equal to
at least 15% of the outstanding number of shares of Common Stock on
a Fully Diluted Basis and (b) an aggregate number of Warrants
entitling the Holder to receive upon exercise an aggregate number
of shares of Common Stock equal to at least 5% of the outstanding
number of shares of Common Stock on a Fully Diluted Basis, in each
of cases (a) and (b) excluding from Fully Diluted Basis
any warrants and options issued in the ordinary course of business
under employee benefit plans and any
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Common
Stock issued after the date hereof upon the exercise of such
warrants and options .
Shelf Registration Statement : the meaning set forth in
Section 4.1(b).
Term Loan Agreement : the meaning set forth in the preamble
of this Agreement.
UK
Business : the meaning set forth in the preamble to this
Agreement.
Underlying Common Stock : the shares of Common Stock
issuable or issued upon the exercise of the Warrants.
Voting Securities : means the Common Stock and any other
securities of the Company of any kind or class having power
generally to vote in the election of directors.
Warrant Agent : the meaning set forth in the preamble to
this Agreement.
Warrant Certificates : the meaning set forth in the preamble
to this Agreement.
Warrant Certificates : the Warrant Certificates issued in
substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.
Warrants : the warrants issued by the Company from time to
time pursuant to this Agreement.
Certain terms, used in Articles 4, 5
and 6, are defined in those Sections.
2.
ORIGINAL ISSUE OF WARRANTS.
2.1. Form of Warrant
Certificates . The Warrant Certificates shall be in registered
form only and substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A, shall be dated the date on which countersigned by
the Warrant Agent and may have such legends and endorsements typed,
stamped, printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as provided in
Section 3.5(e) and as required by the Articles of
Incorporation or as may be required to comply with any law or with
any rule or regulation pursuant thereto or with any rule or
regulation of any securities exchange on which the Warrants may be
listed.
2.2. Execution and Delivery of
Warrant Certificates .
(a) Simultaneously
with the execution of this Agreement, Warrant Certificates
evidencing 9,550,000 Warrants entitling the holder to purchase an
aggregate of 9,550,000 shares of Common Stock, subject to
adjustment, shall be executed by the Company and delivered to the
Warrant Agent for countersignature, and the Warrant
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Agent
shall thereupon countersign and deliver such Warrant Certificates
to the Initial Investor.
(b) Not
later than the fifth business days after the occurrence of a Second
Issuance Event, provided no event described in clause (iii) of
the definition of Change of Control Event shall have been
consummated, Warrant Certificates evidencing 5,150,000 Warrants
entitling the holder to purchase an aggregate of 5,150,000 shares
of Common Stock, subject to adjustment, shall be executed by the
Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent for countersignature,
and the Warrant Agent shall thereupon countersign and deliver such
Warrant Certificates to the Initial Investor.
(c) From
time to time, the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver
Warrant Certificates in required denominations to Persons entitled
thereto in connection with any transfer or exchange permitted under
this Agreement. The Warrant Agent is hereby irrevocably (but
subject to Article 8) authorized to countersign and deliver
Warrant Certificates as required by this Section 2.2, Section
3.4, Article 7, Section 12.4, and Section 12.5 or
otherwise as provided herein. The Warrant Certificates shall be
executed on behalf of the Company by its President or Vice
President, either manually or by facsimile signature printed
thereon. The Warrant Certificates shall be manually countersigned
by the Warrant Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless
so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company whose
signature shall have been placed upon any of the Warrant
Certificates shall cease to be such officer of the Company before
countersignature by the Warrant Agent and issue and delivery
thereof, such Warrant Certificates may, nevertheless, be
countersigned by the Warrant Agent and issued and delivered with
the same force and effect as though such person had not ceased to
be such officer of the Company.
3.
EXERCISE PRICE; EXERCISE OF WARRANTS AND EXPIRATION OF
WARRANTS.
3.1. Exercise Price . Each
Warrant Certificate shall, when countersigned by the Warrant Agent,
entitle the Holder thereof, subject to the provisions of this
Agreement, to purchase, except as provided in Section 3.4 and
Section 3.6 hereof, one share of Common Stock for each Warrant
represented thereby, subject to all adjustments made on or prior to
the date of exercise thereof, at an exercise price (the
“Exercise Price”) of $7.00 per share, subject to all
adjustments made on or prior to the date of exercise thereof as
herein provided.
3.2. Exercise of Warrants .
The Warrants shall be exercisable in whole or in part from time to
time on any Business Day (each, an “Exercise Date”)
beginning on the date hereof and ending on the Expiration Date, in
the manner provided for herein.
3.3. Expiration of Warrants .
Any unexercised Warrants shall expire and the rights of the Holders
of such Warrants to purchase Underlying Common Stock shall
terminate at the close of business on October 9, 2014 (the
“Expiration Date”).
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3.4. Method of Exercise; Payment
of Exercise Price . In order to exercise a Warrant, the Holder
thereof must surrender the Warrant Certificate evidencing such
Warrant to the Warrant Agent, with the form on the reverse of or
attached to the Warrant Certificate duly executed, together with
any required payment in full of the Exercise Price then in effect
for the shares of Underlying Common Stock as to which a Warrant
Certificate is submitted for exercise (subject to
Section 3.6). Any such payment of the Exercise Price shall be
payable in cash or other same-day funds. All funds received upon
the tender of Warrants shall be deposited by the Warrant Agent for
the account of the Company, unless otherwise instructed in writing
by the Company. The Company acknowledges that the bank accounts
maintained by Computershare in connection with its performance
under this Agreement will be in Computershare’s name and that
Computershare may receive investment earnings in connection with
the investment at Computershare’s risk and for its benefit of
funds held in those accounts from time to time. If fewer than all
the Warrants represented by a Warrant Certificate are surrendered,
such Warrant Certificate shall be surrendered and a new Warrant
Certificate of the same tenor and for the number of Warrants that
were not surrendered shall promptly be executed and delivered to
the Warrant Agent by the Company. The Warrant Agent shall promptly
countersign the new Warrant Certificate, register it in such name
or names as may be directed in writing by the Holder and deliver
the new Warrant Certificate to the Person or Persons entitled to
receive the same.
Upon surrender of a Warrant
Certificate in conformity with the foregoing provisions, the
Warrant Agent or Computershare, as applicable, shall thereupon
promptly notify the Company, and the Company shall instruct its
transfer agent to transfer to the Holder of such Warrant
Certificate appropriate evidence of ownership of any shares of
Underlying Common Stock or other securities or property (including
any money) to which the Holder is entitled, registered or otherwise
placed in, or payable to the order of, such name or names as may be
directed in writing by the Holder, and shall deliver such evidence
of ownership and any other securities or property (including any
money) to the Person or Persons entitled to receive the same,
together with an amount in cash in lieu of any fraction of a share
as provided in Section 5.9. Upon payment of the Exercise Price
therefor, a Holder shall be deemed to own and have all of the
rights associated with any Underlying Common Stock or other
securities or property (including money) to which it is entitled
pursuant to this Agreement upon the surrender of a Warrant
Certificate in accordance with this Agreement. If the Holder shall
direct that such securities be registered in a name other than that
of the Holder, such direction shall be tendered in conjunction with
a signature guarantee from an eligible guarantor institution
participating in a signature guarantee program approved by the
Securities Transfer Association, and any other reasonable evidence
of authority that may be required by the Warrant Agent.
3.5. Compliance with the
Securities Act . (a) No Warrant may be exercised (and the
Warrant Agent shall be under no obligation to process any
exercise), and no Registrable Securities may be sold, transferred
or otherwise disposed of (any such sale, transfer or other
disposition, a “sale”), except in compliance with this
Section 3.5.
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(b) A
Holder may exercise its Warrants if it is an “accredited
investor” or a “qualified institutional buyer”,
as defined in Regulation D and Rule 144A under the
Securities Act, respectively, and, a Holder may sell its
Registrable Securities to a transferee that is an “accredited
investor” or a “qualified institutional buyer”,
as such terms are defined in such Regulation and such Rule,
respectively, provided that each of the following conditions is
satisfied:
(i) with respect to any
“accredited investor” that is not an institution, such
Holder or transferee, as the case may be, provides certification
establishing to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company that it
is an “accredited investor”;
(ii) such Holder or transferee
represents that it is acquiring the Underlying Common Stock (in the
case of an exercise) or Registrable Securities (in the case of a
sale) for its own account and that it is not acquiring such
Underlying Common Stock or the Registrable Securities with a view
to, or for offer or sale in connection with, any distribution
thereof (within the meaning of the Securities Act) that would be in
violation of the securities laws of the United States or any
applicable state thereof, but subject, nevertheless, to the
disposition of its property being at all times within its control;
and
(iii) such Holder or transferee
agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Section 3.5 with
respect to any exercise of the Warrants and any sale of the
Registrable Securities.
(c) a
Holder may exercise its Warrants and may sell its Registrable
Securities in accordance with Regulation S under the
Securities Act.
(d) a
Holder may exercise its Warrants or sell its Registrable Securities
if:
(i) such Holder gives written notice
to the Company of its intention to exercise or effect such sale,
which notice shall describe the manner and circumstances of the
proposed transaction in reasonable detail;
(ii) such notice includes a
certification by the Holder, to the effect that such proposed
exercise or sale may be effected without registration under the
Securities Act or under applicable Blue Sky laws; and
(iii) such Holder or transferee
complies with Sections 3.5(b)(ii) and 3.5(b)(iii).
(e) subject
to Section 12.5, all stock certificates issued pursuant to the
exercise of the Warrants shall bear the following legend:
THE SHARES
REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR
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QUALIFIED UNDER
APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. SUCH SHARES MAY BE OFFERED, SOLD
OR TRANSFERRED ONLY IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUCH ACT
AND OF ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND SUBJECT TO THE
PROVISIONS OF THE WARRANT AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT DATED
AS OF APRIL 9, 2008 BETWEEN BORDERS GROUP, INC. (THE
“COMPANY”), AND COMPUTERSHARE INC. AND ITS WHOLLY OWNED
SUBSIDIARY COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., WARRANT AGENT. A COPY
OF SUCH WARRANT AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT IS AVAILABLE AT
THE OFFICES OF THE COMPANY.
(f) subject
to Section 12.5, each certificate representing the Warrants
shall bear the following legend:
THESE WARRANTS
AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON THE EXERCISE HEREOF HAVE NOT BEEN
REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR
QUALIFIED UNDER APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THESE WARRANTS
AND SUCH SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, SOLD OR TRANSFERRED ONLY IN
COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUCH ACT AND OF ANY APPLICABLE
STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE WARRANT
AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 9, 2008 BETWEEN
BORDERS GROUP, INC. (THE “COMPANY”) AND COMPUTERSHARE
INC. AND ITS WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY,
N.A., WARRANT AGENT. A COPY OF SUCH WARRANT AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS
AGREEMENT IS AVAILABLE AT THE OFFICES OF THE COMPANY.
(g) the
provisions of Section 3.5(a) shall not apply to:
(i) any exercise of a Warrant in
connection with a sale of the Registrable Securities issued upon
such exercise in a transaction that is registered under the
Securities Act.
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(ii) any sale of Registrable
Securities in a transaction that is registered under the Securities
Act.
3.6. Exercise Only for Cash Prior
to Required Shareholder Approval and Incentive Plans Amendments
. Until such time as the Company has notified the Warrant Agent
that Required Shareholder Approval and the Incentive Plans
Amendments have been obtained, upon exercise of any Warrants and
against surrender thereof, the Company shall pay, within five
business days from the date of exercise, to the Holders of Warrants
an amount in cash in immediately available funds equal to the
excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value as of the date of exercise
of the number of shares of Common Stock the Holders would have been
entitled to receive if the provisions of this Section were not
applicable over the Exercise Price in respect of such shares. Any
cash payment due from the Company to a Holder pursuant to this
Section 3.6 shall be due and payable on the fifth business day
after the date of such exercise and, if not then paid, shall bear
interest thereafter at a default interest rate (the “Default
Interest Rate”) equal to 18% compounded on each monthly
anniversary, and payable upon demand, but subject to
Section 8.3. The cash settlement of the Warrants provided for
under this Section 3.6 shall cease to apply on the same
business day the Company notifies the Warrant Agent in writing that
the Required Shareholder Approval and the Incentive Plans
Amendments have both been obtained. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
no Holder may exercise any Warrants for cash prior to the earlier
of (i) January 1, 2009 and (ii) the public
announcement of the entry into a definitive agreement with respect
to, or the completion of, a Change of Control Event or other
extraordinary transaction involving the Company to which the
Initial Investor is not a party; provided, however, if the
definitive agreement relates to a Public Stock Merger, no Holder
may exercise Warrants for cash prior to the consummation of the
Public Stock Merger.
4.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AND PROCEDURES AND LISTING.
4.1. Registration .
(a) Subject
to the conditions of this Section 4.1, the Company covenants
and agrees that no later than October 1, 2008, the Company
shall have prepared and filed with the SEC a Registration
Statement, which, if possible, shall be a Shelf Registration
Statement (as defined below) covering any Registrable Securities
(or otherwise designate an existing Shelf Registration Statement
filed with the SEC to cover the Registrable Securities), and, to
the extent the Shelf Registration Statement has not theretofore
been declared effective or is not automatically effective upon such
filing, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to
cause such Shelf Registration Statement to be declared or become
effective as promptly as practicable, but in no event later than
January 1, 2009, and use commercially reasonable efforts to
keep such Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective and
in compliance with the Securities Act and usable for resale of such
Registrable Securities for a period from the date of its initial
effectiveness until such time as there are no Registrable
Securities remaining.
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(b) Any
registration pursuant to this Section 4.1 shall, to the extent
possible, be effected by means of a shelf registration under the
Securities Act (a “Shelf Registration Statement”) in
accordance with the methods and distribution set forth in the Shelf
Registration Statement and Rule 415. If a Holder intends to
distribute any Registrable Securities by means of an underwritten
offering, (1) it shall so advise the Company and (2) the
Holders holding a majority interest in the Registrable Securities
electing to participate in such underwritten offering shall have
the right to appoint book runners and all other applicable
underwriting participants, subject to the approval of the Company
not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. The Company shall have
the right to select a non-bookrunning co-manager, subject to the
approval of the majority of participating Holders not to be
unreasonably withheld or delayed.
(c) The
Company shall not be required to effect a registration (including a
resale of Registrable Securities from an effective Shelf
Registration Statement) pursuant to this Section 4.1: (i) with
respect to securities that are not Registrable Securities;
(ii) during any Scheduled Black-Out Period; or (iii) if
the Company has notified the Holders that in the good faith
judgment of the Company, it would be materially detrimental to the
Company or its security holders for such registration to be
effected at such time, in which event the Company shall have the
right to defer such registration for a period of not more than
ninety (90) days; provided that such right to delay a
registration shall be exercised by the Company (A) only if the
Company has generally exercised (or is concurrently exercising)
similar black-out rights against holders of similar securities that
have registration rights, if any, and (B) for not more than
three periods in any twelve (12) month period and not more
than one hundred twenty (120) days in the aggregate in any
twelve (12) month period.
4.2. Expenses of Registration
. Except as specifically provided herein, all Registration Expenses
incurred in connection with any registration, qualification or
compliance hereunder shall be borne by the Company. All Selling
Expenses incurred in connection with any registrations hereunder,
shall be borne by the holders of the securities so registered
pro rata on the basis of the aggregate offering or sale
price of the securities so registered.
4.3. Obligations of the
Company . Whenever required to effect the registration of any
Registrable Securities, the Company shall, as expeditiously as
reasonably practicable, subject to the provisions of this
Article 4:
(a) Prepare
and file with the SEC a prospectus supplement with respect to a
proposed offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to an
effective Registration Statement and, upon the request of the
Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities registered
thereunder, subject to Sections 4.1(c) and 4.4, use commercially
reasonable efforts to keep such Registration Statement effective or
such prospectus supplement current, until the termination of the
period contemplated in Section 4.5.
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(b) Prepare
and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to the
applicable Registration Statement and the Prospectus or prospectus
supplement used in connection with such Registration Statement as
may be necessary to comply with the provisions of the Securities
Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities
covered by such Registration Statement for the period set forth in
paragraph (a) above.
(c) Furnish
to the Holders and any underwriters such number of copies of the
applicable Registration Statement and each such amendment and
supplement thereto (including in each case all exhibits) and of a
Prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with
the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as
they may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition
of Registrable Securities owned or to be distributed by them.
(d) Use
its commercially reasonable efforts to register and qualify the
securities covered by such Registration Statement under such other
securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as shall be
reasonably requested by the Holders or any managing underwriter(s),
to keep such registration or qualification in effect for so long as
such Registration Statement remains in effect, and to take any
other action which may be reasonably necessary to enable such
seller to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the
securities owned by such Holder; provided that the Company shall
not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto
to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service
of process in any such states or jurisdictions.
(e) Notify
each Holder of Registrable Securities at any time when a Prospectus
relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities
Act of the happening of any event as a result of which the
applicable Prospectus, as then in effect, includes an untrue
statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then
existing.
(f) Give
written notice to the Holders of Registrable Securities covered by
a Registration Statement:
(i) when any Registration Statement
filed pursuant to Section 4.1 or any amendment thereto has
been filed with the SEC and when such Registration Statement or any
post-effective amendment thereto has become effective;
(ii) of any request by the SEC for
amendments or supplements to any Registration Statement or the
Prospectus included therein or for additional information;
(iii) of the issuance by the SEC of
any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any Registration
Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that
purpose;
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(iv) of the receipt by the Company or
its legal counsel of any notification with respect to the
suspension of the qualification of the Registrable Securities for
sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any
proceeding for such purpose; and
(v) of the happening of any event
that requires the Company to make changes in any effective
Registration Statement or the Prospectus in order to make the
statements therein not misleading (which notice shall be
accompanied by an instruction to suspend the use of the Prospectus
until the requisite changes have been made).
(g) Use
its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance or
obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of
any Registration Statement referred to in Section 4.3(f)(iii) at
the earliest practicable time.
(h) Upon
the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section 4.3(f)(v),
reasonably promptly prepare a post-effective amendment to such
Registration Statement or a supplement to the related Prospectus or
file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered
to the Holders and any underwriters, the Prospectus will not
contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If
the Company notifies the Holders in accordance with
Section 4.3(f)(v) to suspend the use of the Prospectus until
the requisite changes to the Prospectus have been made, then the
Holders and any underwriters shall suspend use of such Prospectus
and use their commercially reasonable efforts to return to the
Company all copies of such Prospectus (at the Company’s
expense) other than permanently filed copies then in such
Holder’s or underwriter’s possession.
(i) Use
commercially reasonable efforts to procure the cooperation of the
Company’s transfer agent in settling any offering or sale of
Registrable Securities, including with respect to the transfer of
physical stock certificates into book-entry form in accordance with
any procedures reasonably requested by the Holders or any managing
underwriter(s).
(j) Use
its commercially reasonable efforts to take such actions as are
under its control to become or remain a well-known seasoned issuer
(as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) (and not
become an ineligible issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the
Securities Act)) during the period when such Registration Statement
remains in effect.
(k) Enter
into an underwriting agreement in form, scope and substance as is
customarily entered into for similar underwritten offerings of
equity securities by similar companies and take all such other
actions reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the
Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith or by the
managing underwriter(s), if any, to expedite or facilitate the
underwritten disposition of such Registrable Securities, and in
connection therewith as customary for any similar
-16-
underwritten offering, (i) make such representations and
warranties to the Holders that are selling stockholders and the
managing underwriter(s), if any, with respect to the business of
the Company and its subsidiaries, and the Registration Statement,
Prospectus and documents, if any, incorporated or deemed to be
incorporated by reference therein, in each case, in form, substance
and scope as are customarily made by the issuer in similar
underwritten offerings of equity securities by similar companies,
and, if true, confirm the same if and when requested, (ii) use
its commercially reasonable efforts to furnish underwriters
opinions of counsel to the Company, addressed to the managing
underwriter(s), if any, covering the matters customarily covered in
the opinions requested in similar underwritten offerings of equity
securities by similar companies, (iii) use its commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain “cold comfort” letters
from the independent certified public accountants of the company
(and, if necessary, any other independent certified public
accountants of any business acquired by the Company for which
financial statements and financial data are included in the
Registration Statement) who have certified the financial statements
included in such Registration Statement, addressed to each of the
managing underwriter(s), if any, such letters to be in customary
form and covering matters of the type customarily covered in
“cold comfort” letters in connection with similar
underwritten offerings of equity securities by similar companies,
(iv) if an underwriting agreement is entered into, the same
shall contain indemnification provisions and procedures customary
in similar underwritten offerings of equity securities by similar
companies, and (v) deliver such documents and certificates as
may be reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the
Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith, their
counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, to evidence the
continued validity of the representations and warranties made
pursuant to clause (i) above and to evidence compliance with
any customary conditions contained in the underwriting agreement or
other agreement entered into by the Company.
(l) Make
available for inspection by a representative of Holders that are
selling at least 100,000 Registrable Securities, the managing
underwriter(s), if any, and any attorneys or accountants retained
by such Holders or managing underwriter(s), at the offices where
normally kept, during reasonable business hours, financial and
other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the
Company, and cause the officers, directors and employees of the
Company to supply all information in each case reasonably requested
by any such representative, managing underwriter(s), attorney or
accountant in connection with such Registration Statement; provided
that this clause (l) shall only be applicable to a
representative of such Holders that are selling stockholders and
any attorneys or accountants retained by such Holders if such
Holder is named in the applicable prospectus supplement as a person
who may be deemed to be an underwriter with respect to an offering
and sale of Registrable Securities.
4.4. Suspension of Sales .
During any Scheduled Black-Out Period and upon receipt of written
notice from the Company that a Registration Statement, Prospectus
or prospectus supplement contains or may contain an untrue
statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading or that circumstances exist that make
inadvisable use of such Registration Statement, Prospectus or
prospectus supplement, the Holder of
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Registrable Securities shall forthwith discontinue disposition of
Registrable Securities until termination of such Scheduled
Black-Out Period or until the Holder has received copies of a
supplemented or amended Prospectus or prospectus supplement, or
until such Holder is advised in writing by the Company that the use
of the Prospectus and, if applicable, prospectus supplement may be
resumed, and, if so directed by the Company, such Holder shall
deliver to the Company (at the Company’s expense) all copies,
other than permanent file copies then in such Holder’s
possession, of the Prospectus and, if applicable, prospectus
supplement covering such Registrable Securities current at the time
of receipt of such notice. The total number of days that any such
suspension may be in effect in any 180 day period shall not
exceed 60 days.
4.5. Termination of Registration
Rights . A Holder’s Registration Rights as to any
securities held by such Holder (and its affiliates, partners,
members and former members) shall not be available unles
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