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Exhibit 10.24
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
1500 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, NW
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20220
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
The company set forth on the signature page hereto (the "
Company ") intends to issue in a private placement the
number of shares of a series of its preferred stock set forth on
Schedule A hereto (the " Preferred Shares ") and a warrant
to purchase the number of shares of its common stock set forth on
Schedule A hereto (the " Warrant " and, together with the
Preferred Shares, the " Purchased Securities ") and the
United States Department of the Treasury (the " Investor ")
intends to purchase from the Company the Purchased Securities.
The purpose of this letter agreement is to confirm the terms and
conditions of the purchase by the Investor of the Purchased
Securities. Except to the extent supplemented or superseded by the
terms set forth herein or in the Schedules hereto, the provisions
contained in the Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard
Terms attached hereto as Exhibit A (the " Securities Purchase
Agreement ") are incorporated by reference herein. Terms that
are defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement are used in this
letter agreement as so defined. In the event of any inconsistency
between this letter agreement and the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the terms of this letter agreement shall govern.
Each of the Company and the Investor hereby confirms its
agreement with the other party with respect to the issuance by the
Company of the Purchased Securities and the purchase by the
Investor of the Purchased Securities pursuant to this letter
agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreement on the terms
specified on Schedule A hereto.
This letter agreement (including the Schedules hereto) and the
Securities Purchase Agreement (including the Annexes thereto) and
the Warrant constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all
other prior agreements, understandings, representations and
warranties, both written and oral, between the parties, with
respect to the subject matter hereof. This letter agreement
constitutes the "Letter Agreement" referred to in the Securities
Purchase Agreement.
This letter agreement may be executed in any number of separate
counterparts, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original
instrument, and all such counterparts will together constitute the
same agreement. Executed signature pages to this letter agreement
may be delivered by facsimile and such facsimiles will be deemed as
sufficient as if actual signature pages had been delivered.
***
In witness whereof, this letter agreement has
been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized
representatives of the parties hereto as of the date written
below.
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE
TREASURY
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By:
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/s/ Neel Kashkari
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Name:
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Neel Kashkari
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Title:
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Interim Assistant Secretary for Financial
Stability
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COMPANY: C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION
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By:
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/s/ Larry G. Dillon
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Name:
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Larry G. Dillon
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Title:
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Chairman, President and Chief Executive
Officer
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Date: January 9, 2009
EXHIBIT A
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT A
SECURITIES PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
STANDARD TERMS
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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Page
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Article I
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Purchase; Closing
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1.1
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Purchase
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1
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1.2
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Closing
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2
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1.3
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Interpretation
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4
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Article II
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Representations and
Warranties
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2.1
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Disclosure
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4
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2.2
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Representations and Warranties of the
Company
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5
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Article III
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Covenants
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3.1
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Commercially Reasonable Efforts
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13
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3.2
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Expenses
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14
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3.3
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Sufficiency of Authorized Common Stock; Exchange
Listing
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14
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3.4
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Certain Notifications Until Closing
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14
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3.5
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Access, Information and
Confidentiality
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15
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Article IV
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Additional Agreements
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4.1
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Purchase for Investment
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15
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4.2
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Legends
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16
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4.3
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Certain Transactions
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17
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4.4
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Transfer of Purchased Securities and Warrant
Shares; Restrictions on Exercise of the Warrant
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18
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4.5
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Registration Rights
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18
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4.6
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Voting of Warrant Shares
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29
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4.7
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Depositary Shares
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30
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4.8
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Restriction on Dividends and
Repurchases
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30
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4.9
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Repurchase of Investor Securities
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31
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4.10
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Executive Compensation
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32
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4.11
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Bank and Thrift Holding Company Status
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32
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4.12
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Predominantly Financial
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33
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-i-
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Article V
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Miscellaneous
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5.1
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Termination
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33
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5.2
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Survival of Representations and
Warranties
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33
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5.3
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Amendment
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34
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5.4
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Waiver of Conditions
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34
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5.5
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Governing Law: Submission to Jurisdiction,
Etc.
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34
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5.6
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Notices
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34
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5.7
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Definitions
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35
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5.8
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Assignment
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35
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5.9
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Severability
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35
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5.10
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No Third Party Beneficiaries
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35
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-ii-
LIST OF ANNEXES
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ANNEX A:
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FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS FOR PREFERRED
STOCK
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ANNEX B:
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FORM OF WAIVER
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ANNEX C:
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FORM OF OPINION
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ANNEX D:
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FORM OF WARRANT
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-iii-
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
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Term
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Location of
Definition
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Affiliate
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5.7(b)
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Agreement
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Recitals
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Appraisal Procedure
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4.9(c)(i)
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Appropriate Federal Banking Agency
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2.2(s)
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Bank Holding Company
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4.11
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Bankruptcy Exceptions
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2.2(d)
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Benefit Plans
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1.2(d)(iv)
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Board of Directors
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2.2(f)
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Business Combination
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4.4
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business day
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1.3
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Capitalization Date
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2.2(b)
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Certificate of Designations
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1.2(d)(iii)
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Charter
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1.2(d)(iii)
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Closing
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1.2(a)
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Closing Date
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1.2(a)
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Code
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2.2(n)
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Common Stock
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Recitals
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Company
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Recitals
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Company Financial Statements
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2.2(h)
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Company Material Adverse Effect
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2.1(a)
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Company Reports
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2.2(i)(i)
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Company Subsidiary; Company
Subsidiaries
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2.2(i)(i)
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control; controlled by; under common control
with
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5.7(b)
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Controlled Group
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2.2(n)
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CPP
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Recitals
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EESA
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1.2(d)(iv)
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ERISA
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2.2(n)
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Exchange Act
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2.1(b)
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Fair Market Value
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4.9(c)(ii)
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Federal Reserve
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4.11
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GAAP
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2.1(a)
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Governmental Entities
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1.2(c)
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Holder
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4.5(k)(i)
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Holders’ Counsel
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4.5(k)(ii)
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Indemnitee
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4.5(g)(i)
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Information
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3.5(b)
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Initial Warrant Shares
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Recitals
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Investor
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Recitals
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Junior Stock
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4.8(c)
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knowledge of the Company; Company’s
knowledge
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5.7(c)
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Last Fiscal Year
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2.1(b)
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Letter Agreement
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Recitals
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Officers
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5.7(c)
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-iv-
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Term
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Location of
Definition
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Parity Stock
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4.8(c)
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Pending Underwritten Offering
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4.5(l)
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Permitted Repurchases
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4.8(a)(ii)
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Piggyback Registration
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4.5(a)(iv)
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Plan
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2.2(n)
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Preferred Shares
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Recitals
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Preferred Stock
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Recitals
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Previously Disclosed
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2.1(b)
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Proprietary Rights
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2.2(u)
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Purchase
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Recitals
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Purchase Price
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1.1
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Purchased Securities
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Recitals
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Qualified Equity Offering
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4.4
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register; registered; registration
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4.5(k)(iii)
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Registrable Securities
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4.5(k)(iv)
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Registration Expenses
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4.5(k)(v)
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Regulatory Agreement
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2.2(s)
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Rule 144; Rule 144A; Rule 159A; Rule 405; Rule
415
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4.5(k)(vi)
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Savings and Loan Holding Company
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4.11
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Schedules
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Recitals
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SEC
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2.1(b)
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Securities Act
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2.2(a)
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Selling Expenses
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4.5(k)(vii)
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Senior Executive Officers
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4.10
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Share Dilution Amount
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4.8(a)(ii)
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Shelf Registration Statement
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4.5(a)(ii)
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Signing Date
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2.1(a)
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Special Registration
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4.5(i)
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Stockholder Proposals
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3.1(b)
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subsidiary
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5.8(a)
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Tax; Taxes
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2.2(o)
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Transfer
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4.4
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Warrant
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Recitals
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Warrant Shares
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2.2(d)
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-v-
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
– STANDARD TERMS
Recitals:
WHEREAS, the United States Department of the Treasury (the "
Investor ") may from time to time agree to purchase shares
of preferred stock and warrants from eligible financial
institutions which elect to participate in the Troubled Asset
Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (" CPP ");
WHEREAS, an eligible financial institution electing to
participate in the CPP and issue securities to the Investor
(referred to herein as the " Company ") shall enter into a
letter agreement (the " Letter Agreement ") with the
Investor which incorporates this Securities Purchase Agreement
– Standard Terms;
WHEREAS, the Company agrees to expand the flow of credit to U.S.
consumers and businesses on competitive terms to promote the
sustained growth and vitality of the U.S. economy;
WHEREAS, the Company agrees to work diligently, under existing
programs, to modify the terms of residential mortgages as
appropriate to strengthen the health of the U.S. housing
market;
WHEREAS, the Company intends to issue in a private placement the
number of shares of the series of its Preferred Stock ("
Preferred Stock ") set forth on Schedule A to the
Letter Agreement (the " Preferred Shares ") and a warrant to
purchase the number of shares of its Common Stock (" Common
Stock ") set forth on Schedule A to the Letter Agreement
(the " Initial Warrant Shares ") (the " Warrant "
and, together with the Preferred Shares, the " Purchased
Securities ") and the Investor intends to purchase (the "
Purchase ") from the Company the Purchased Securities;
and
WHEREAS, the Purchase will be governed by this Securities
Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms and the Letter Agreement,
including the schedules thereto (the " Schedules "),
specifying additional terms of the Purchase. This Securities
Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms (including the Annexes
hereto) and the Letter Agreement (including the Schedules thereto)
are together referred to as this "Agreement". All references in
this Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms to
"Schedules" are to the Schedules attached to the Letter
Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises, and of
the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth
herein, the parties agree as follows:
Article I
Purchase; Closing
1.1 Purchase . On the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in this Agreement, the Company agrees to sell to the
Investor, and the Investor agrees to purchase from the Company, at
the Closing (as hereinafter defined), the Purchased Securities for
the price set forth on Schedule A (the " Purchase
Price ").
1.2 Closing .
(a) On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, the closing of the Purchase (the " Closing ")
will take place at the location specified in Schedule A , at
the time and on the date set forth in Schedule A or as soon
as practicable thereafter, or at such other place, time and date as
shall be agreed between the Company and the Investor. The time and
date on which the Closing occurs is referred to in this Agreement
as the " Closing Date ".
(b) Subject to the fulfillment or waiver of the conditions to
the Closing in this Section 1.2, at the Closing the Company
will deliver the Preferred Shares and the Warrant, in each case as
evidenced by one or more certificates dated the Closing Date and
bearing appropriate legends as hereinafter provided for, in
exchange for payment in full of the Purchase Price by wire transfer
of immediately available United States funds to a bank account
designated by the Company on Schedule A .
(c) The respective obligations of each of the Investor and the
Company to consummate the Purchase are subject to the fulfillment
(or waiver by the Investor and the Company, as applicable) prior to
the Closing of the conditions that (i) any approvals or
authorizations of all United States and other governmental,
regulatory or judicial authorities (collectively, " Governmental
Entities ") required for the consummation of the Purchase shall
have been obtained or made in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to each party and shall be in full force and effect
and all waiting periods required by United States and other
applicable law, if any, shall have expired and (ii) no
provision of any applicable United States or other law and no
judgment, injunction, order or decree of any Governmental Entity
shall prohibit the purchase and sale of the Purchased Securities as
contemplated by this Agreement.
(d) The obligation of the Investor to consummate the Purchase is
also subject to the fulfillment (or waiver by the Investor) at or
prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions:
(i) (A) the representations and warranties of the Company set
forth in (x) Section 2.2(g) of this Agreement shall be
true and correct in all respects as though made on and as of the
Closing Date, (y) Sections 2.2(a) through (f) shall be
true and correct in all material respects as though made on and as
of the Closing Date (other than representations and warranties that
by their terms speak as of another date, which representations and
warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of
such other date) and (z) Sections 2.2(h) through
(v) (disregarding all qualifications or limitations set forth
in such representations and warranties as to "materiality",
"Company Material Adverse Effect" and words of similar import)
shall be true and correct as though made on and as of the Closing
Date (other than representations and warranties that by their terms
speak as of another date, which representations and warranties
shall be true and correct as of such other date), except to the
extent that the failure of such representations and warranties
referred to in this Section 1.2(d)(i)(A)(z) to be so true and
correct, individually or in the aggregate, does not have and would
not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect and (B) the Company shall have performed in all
material respects all obligations required to be performed by it
under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing;
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(ii) the Investor shall have received a
certificate signed on behalf of the Company by a senior executive
officer certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in
Section 1.2(d)(i) have been satisfied;
(iii) the Company shall have duly adopted and filed with the
Secretary of State of its jurisdiction of organization or other
applicable Governmental Entity the amendment to its certificate or
articles of incorporation, articles of association, or similar
organizational document (" Charter ") in substantially the
form attached hereto as Annex A (the " Certificate of
Designations ") and such filing shall have been accepted;
(iv) (A) the Company shall have effected such changes to its
compensation, bonus, incentive and other benefit plans,
arrangements and agreements (including golden parachute, severance
and employment agreements) (collectively, " Benefit Plans ")
with respect to its Senior Executive Officers (and to the extent
necessary for such changes to be legally enforceable, each of its
Senior Executive Officers shall have duly consented in writing to
such changes), as may be necessary, during the period that the
Investor owns any debt or equity securities of the Company acquired
pursuant to this Agreement or the Warrant, in order to comply with
Section 111(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of
2008 (" EESA ") as implemented by guidance or regulation
thereunder that has been issued and is in effect as of the Closing
Date, and (B) the Investor shall have received a certificate
signed on behalf of the Company by a senior executive officer
certifying to the effect that the condition set forth in
Section 1.2(d)(iv)(A) has been satisfied;
(v) each of the Company’s Senior Executive Officers shall
have delivered to the Investor a written waiver in the form
attached hereto as Annex B releasing the Investor from any
claims that such Senior Executive Officers may otherwise have as a
result of the issuance, on or prior to the Closing Date, of any
regulations which require the modification of, and the agreement of
the Company hereunder to modify, the terms of any Benefit Plans
with respect to its Senior Executive Officers to eliminate any
provisions of such Benefit Plans that would not be in compliance
with the requirements of Section 111(b) of the EESA as
implemented by guidance or regulation thereunder that has been
issued and is in effect as of the Closing Date;
(vi) the Company shall have delivered to the Investor a written
opinion from counsel to the Company (which may be internal
counsel), addressed to the Investor and dated as of the Closing
Date, in substantially the form attached hereto as
Annex C ;
(vii) the Company shall have delivered certificates in proper
form or, with the prior consent of the Investor, evidence of shares
in book-entry form, evidencing the Preferred Shares to Investor or
its designee(s); and
(viii) the Company shall have duly executed the Warrant in
substantially the form attached hereto as Annex D and
delivered such executed Warrant to the Investor or its
designee(s).
-3-
1.3 Interpretation . When a reference is
made in this Agreement to "Recitals," "Articles," "Sections," or
"Annexes" such reference shall be to a Recital, Article or Section
of, or Annex to, this Securities Purchase Agreement –
Standard Terms, and a reference to "Schedules" shall be to a
Schedule to the Letter Agreement, in each case, unless otherwise
indicated. The terms defined in the singular have a comparable
meaning when used in the plural, and vice versa. References to
"herein", "hereof", "hereunder" and the like refer to this
Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section or
provision, unless the context requires otherwise. The table of
contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference
purposes only and are not part of this Agreement. Whenever the
words "include," "includes" or "including" are used in this
Agreement, they shall be deemed followed by the words "without
limitation." No rule of construction against the draftsperson shall
be applied in connection with the interpretation or enforcement of
this Agreement, as this Agreement is the product of negotiation
between sophisticated parties advised by counsel. All references to
"$" or "dollars" mean the lawful currency of the United States of
America. Except as expressly stated in this Agreement, all
references to any statute, rule or regulation are to the statute,
rule or regulation as amended, modified, supplemented or replaced
from time to time (and, in the case of statutes, include any rules
and regulations promulgated under the statute) and to any section
of any statute, rule or regulation include any successor to the
section. References to a " business day " shall mean any day
except Saturday, Sunday and any day on which banking institutions
in the State of New York generally are authorized or required by
law or other governmental actions to close.
Article II
Representations and Warranties
2.1 Disclosure .
(a) " Company Material Adverse Effect " means a material
adverse effect on (i) the business, results of operation or
financial condition of the Company and its consolidated
subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided , however ,
that Company Material Adverse Effect shall not be deemed to include
the effects of (A) changes after the date of the Letter
Agreement (the " Signing Date ") in general business,
economic or market conditions (including changes generally in
prevailing interest rates, credit availability and liquidity,
currency exchange rates and price levels or trading volumes in the
United States or foreign securities or credit markets), or any
outbreak or escalation of hostilities, declared or undeclared acts
of war or terrorism, in each case generally affecting the
industries in which the Company and its subsidiaries operate,
(B) changes or proposed changes after the Signing Date in
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("
GAAP ") or regulatory accounting requirements, or
authoritative interpretations thereof, (C) changes or proposed
changes after the Signing Date in securities, banking and other
laws of general applicability or related policies or
interpretations of Governmental Entities (in the case of each of
these clauses (A), (B) and (C), other than changes or
occurrences to the extent that such changes or occurrences have or
would reasonably be expected to have a materially disproportionate
adverse effect on the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries
taken as a whole relative to comparable U.S. banking or financial
services organizations), or (D) changes in the market price or
trading volume of the Common Stock or any other equity,
equity-related or debt securities of the Company or its
consolidated subsidiaries (it being understood and agreed that the
exception set forth in this clause (D) does
-4-
not apply to the underlying reason giving rise to
or contributing to any such change); or (ii) the ability of
the Company to consummate the Purchase and the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Warrant and perform its
obligations hereunder or thereunder on a timely basis.
(b) " Previously Disclosed " means information set forth
or incorporated in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the most recently completed fiscal year of the Company filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the " SEC ")
prior to the Signing Date (the " Last Fiscal Year ") or in
its other reports and forms filed with or furnished to the SEC
under Sections 13(a), 14(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (the " Exchange Act ") on or after the last day of
the Last Fiscal Year and prior to the Signing Date.
2.2 Representations and Warranties of the Company .
Except as Previously Disclosed, the Company represents and warrants
to the Investor that as of the Signing Date and as of the Closing
Date (or such other date specified herein):
(a) Organization, Authority and Significant Subsidiaries
. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of
organization, with the necessary power and authority to own its
properties and conduct its business in all material respects as
currently conducted, and except as has not, individually or in the
aggregate, had and would not reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, has been duly qualified as a
foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good
standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns
or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such
qualification; each subsidiary of the Company that is a
"significant subsidiary" within the meaning of Rule 1-02(w) of
Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "
Securities Act ") has been duly organized and is validly
existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of
organization. The Charter and bylaws of the Company, copies of
which have been provided to the Investor prior to the Signing Date,
are true, complete and correct copies of such documents as in full
force and effect as of the Signing Date.
(b) Capitalization . The authorized capital stock of the
Company, and the outstanding capital stock of the Company
(including securities convertible into, or exercisable or
exchangeable for, capital stock of the Company) as of the most
recent fiscal month-end preceding the Signing Date (the "
Capitalization Date ") is set forth on Schedule B .
The outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been
duly authorized and are validly issued and outstanding, fully paid
and nonassessable, and subject to no preemptive rights (and were
not issued in violation of any preemptive rights). Except as
provided in the Warrant, as of the Signing Date, the Company does
not have outstanding any securities or other obligations providing
the holder the right to acquire Common Stock that is not reserved
for issuance as specified on Schedule B , and the Company
has not made any other commitment to authorize, issue or sell any
Common Stock. Since the Capitalization Date, the Company has not
issued any shares of Common Stock, other than (i) shares
issued upon the exercise of stock options or delivered under other
equity-based awards or other convertible securities or warrants
which were issued and outstanding on the Capitalization Date and
disclosed on Schedule B and (ii) shares disclosed on
Schedule B .
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(c) Preferred Shares . The Preferred
Shares have been duly and validly authorized, and, when issued and
delivered pursuant to this Agreement, such Preferred Shares will be
duly and validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable, will not
be issued in violation of any preemptive rights, and will rank
pari passu with or senior to all other series or classes of
Preferred Stock, whether or not issued or outstanding, with respect
to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the
event of any dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the
Company.
(d) The Warrant and Warrant Shares . The Warrant has been
duly authorized and, when executed and delivered as contemplated
hereby, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of
the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except as the same may be limited by applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general
equitable principles, regardless of whether such enforceability is
considered in a proceeding at law or in equity (" Bankruptcy
Exceptions "). The shares of Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of the Warrant (the " Warrant Shares ") have been
duly authorized and reserved for issuance upon exercise of the
Warrant and when so issued in accordance with the terms of the
Warrant will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable,
subject, if applicable, to the approvals of its stockholders set
forth on Schedule C .
(e) Authorization, Enforceability .
(i) The Company has the corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement and the Warrant and, subject, if
applicable, to the approvals of its stockholders set forth on
Schedule C , to carry out its obligations hereunder and
thereunder (which includes the issuance of the Preferred Shares,
Warrant and Warrant Shares). The execution, delivery and
performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Warrant and
the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action
on the part of the Company and its stockholders, and no further
approval or authorization is required on the part of the Company,
subject, in each case, if applicable, to the approvals of its
stockholders set forth on Schedule C . This Agreement is a
valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the
Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy
Exceptions.
(ii) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of
this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and compliance by the
Company with the provisions hereof and thereof, will not
(A) violate, conflict with, or result in a breach of any
provision of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with
notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under,
or result in the termination of, or accelerate the performance
required by, or result in a right of termination or acceleration
of, or result in the creation of, any lien, security interest,
charge or encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of the
Company or any Company Subsidiary under any of the terms,
conditions or provisions of (i) subject, if applicable, to the
approvals of the Company’s stockholders set forth on
Schedule C , its organizational documents or (ii) any
note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, license, lease,
agreement or other instrument or obligation to
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which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a
party or by which it or any Company Subsidiary may be bound, or to
which the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of the
properties or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary may
be subject, or (B) subject to compliance with the statutes and
regulations referred to in the next paragraph, violate any statute,
rule or regulation or any judgment, ruling, order, writ, injunction
or decree applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiary or
any of their respective properties or assets except, in the case of
clauses (A)(ii) and (B), for those occurrences that, individually
or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(iii) Other than the filing of the Certificate of Designations
with the Secretary of State of its jurisdiction of organization or
other applicable Governmental Entity, any current report on Form
8-K required to be filed with the SEC, such filings and approvals
as are required to be made or obtained under any state "blue sky"
laws, the filing of any proxy statement contemplated by
Section 3.1 and such as have been made or obtained, no notice
to, filing with, exemption or review by, or authorization, consent
or approval of, any Governmental Entity is required to be made or
obtained by the Company in connection with the consummation by the
Company of the Purchase except for any such notices, filings,
exemptions, reviews, authorizations, consents and approvals the
failure of which to make or obtain would not, individually or in
the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(f) Anti-takeover Provisions and Rights Plan . The Board
of Directors of the Company (the " Board of Directors ") has
taken all necessary action to ensure that the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the
exercise of the Warrant in accordance with its terms, will be
exempt from any anti-takeover or similar provisions of the
Company’s Charter and bylaws, and any other provisions of any
applicable "moratorium", "control share", "fair price", "interested
stockholder" or other anti-takeover laws and regulations of any
jurisdiction. The Company has taken all actions necessary to render
any stockholders’ rights plan of the Company inapplicable to
this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the
exercise of the Warrant by the Investor in accordance with its
terms.
(g) No Company Material Adverse Effect . Since the last
day of the last completed fiscal period for which the Company has
filed a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or an Annual Report on Form
10-K with the SEC prior to the Signing Date, no fact, circumstance,
event, change, occurrence, condition or development has occurred
that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably
be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(h) Company Financial Statements . Each of the
consolidated financial statements of the Company and its
consolidated subsidiaries (collectively the " Company Financial
Statements ") included or incorporated by reference in the
Company Reports filed with the SEC since December 31, 2006,
present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial
position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the
dates indicated therein (or if amended prior to the Signing Date,
as of the date of such amendment) and the consolidated results of
their operations for the periods specified therein; and except as
stated therein, such
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financial statements (A) were prepared in
conformity with GAAP applied on a consistent basis (except as may
be noted therein), (B) have been prepared from, and are in
accordance with, the books and records of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries and (C) complied as to form, as of their
respective dates of filing with the SEC, in all material respects
with the applicable accounting requirements and with the published
rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto.
(i) Reports .
(i) Since December 31, 2006, the Company and each
subsidiary of the Company (each a " Company Subsidiary "
and, collectively, the " Company Subsidiaries ") has timely
filed all reports, registrations, documents, filings, statements
and submissions, together with any amendments thereto, that it was
required to file with any Governmental Entity (the foregoing,
collectively, the " Company Reports ") and has paid all fees
and assessments due and payable in connection therewith, except, in
each case, as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
As of their respective dates of filing, the Company Reports
complied in all material respects with all statutes and applicable
rules and regulations of the applicable Governmental Entities. In
the case of each such Company Report filed with or furnished to the
SEC, such Company Report (A) did not, as of its date or if
amended prior to the Signing Date, as of the date of such
amendment, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading, and (B) complied as to form in all
material respects with the applicable requirements of the
Securities Act and the Exchange Act. With respect to all other
Company Reports, the Company Reports were complete and accurate in
all material respects as of their respective dates. No executive
officer of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has failed in any
respect to make the certifications required of him or her under
Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(ii) The records, systems, controls, data and information of the
Company and the Company Subsidiaries are recorded, stored,
maintained and operated under means (including any electronic,
mechanical or photographic process, whether computerized or not)
that are under the exclusive ownership and direct control of the
Company or the Company Subsidiaries or their accountants (including
all means of access thereto and therefrom), except for any
non-exclusive ownership and non-direct control that would not
reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the
system of internal accounting controls described below in this
Section 2.2(i)(ii). The Company (A) has implemented and
maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule
13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) to ensure that material information
relating to the Company, including the consolidated Company
Subsidiaries, is made known to the chief executive officer and the
chief financial officer of the Company by others within those
entities, and (B) has disclosed, based on its most recent
evaluation prior to the Signing Date, to the Company’s
outside auditors and the audit committee of the Board of Directors
(x) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in
the design or operation of internal controls over financial
reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s
ability to record,
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process, summarize and report financial
information and (y) any fraud, whether or not material, that
involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the Company’s internal controls over financial
reporting.
(j) No Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither the Company nor
any of the Company Subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations
of any nature (absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) which
are not properly reflected or reserved against in the Company
Financial Statements to the extent required to be so reflected or
reserved against in accordance with GAAP, except for
(A) liabilities that have arisen since the last fiscal year
end in the ordinary and usual course of business and consistent
with past practice and (B) liabilities that, individually or
in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(k) Offering of Securities . Neither the Company nor any
person acting on its behalf has taken any action (including any
offering of any securities of the Company under circumstances which
would require the integration of such offering with the offering of
any of the Purchased Securities under the Securities Act, and the
rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder), which
might subject the offering, issuance or sale of any of the
Purchased Securities to Investor pursuant to this Agreement to the
registration requirements of the Securities Act.
(l) Litigation and Other Proceedings . Except (i) as
set forth on Schedule D or (ii) as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, there is no (A) pending or,
to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, claim, action, suit,
investigation or proceeding, against the Company or any Company
Subsidiary or to which any of their assets are subject nor is the
Company or any Company Subsidiary subject to any order, judgment or
decree or (B) unresolved violation, criticism or exception by
any Governmental Entity with respect to any report or relating to
any examinations or inspections of the Company or any Company
Subsidiaries.
(m) Compliance with Laws . Except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries have all permits, licenses, franchises,
authorizations, orders and approvals of, and have made all filings,
applications and registrations with, Governmental Entities that are
required in order to permit them to own or lease their properties
and assets and to carry on their business as presently conducted
and that are material to the business of the Company or such
Company Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule E , the
Company and the Company Subsidiaries have complied in all respects
and are not in default or violation of, and none of them is, to the
knowledge of the Company, under investigation with respect to or,
to the knowledge of the Company, have been threatened to be charged
with or given notice of any violation of, any applicable domestic
(federal, state or local) or foreign law, statute, ordinance,
license, rule, regulation, policy or guideline, order, demand,
writ, injunction, decree or judgment of any Governmental Entity,
other than such noncompliance, defaults or violations that would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except for statutory or
regulatory restrictions of general application or as set forth on
Schedule E , no Governmental Entity has placed any
restriction on the business or properties of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary that would, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
-9-
(n) Employee Benefit Matters . Except as
would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in
the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) each
"employee benefit plan" (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("
ERISA ")) providing benefits to any current or former
employee, officer or director of the Company or any member of its "
Controlled Group " (defined as any organization which is a
member of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of
Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the " Code ")) that is sponsored, maintained or contributed
to by the Company or any member of its Controlled Group and for
which the Company or any member of its Controlled Group would have
any liability, whether actual or contingent (each, a " Plan
") has been maintained in compliance with its terms and with the
requirements of all applicable statutes, rules and regulations,
including ERISA and the Code; (B) with respect to each Plan
subject to Title IV of ERISA (including, for purposes of this
clause (B), any plan subject to Title IV of ERISA that the Company
or any member of its Controlled Group previously maintained or
contributed to in the six years prior to the Signing Date),
(1) no "reportable event" (within the meaning of
Section 4043(c) of ERISA), other than a reportable event for
which the notice period referred to in Section 4043(c) of
ERISA has been waived, has occurred in the three years prior to the
Signing Date or is reasonably expected to occur, (2) no
"accumulated funding deficiency" (within the meaning of
Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code), whether
or not waived, has occurred in the three years prior to the Signing
Date or is reasonably expected to occur, (3) the fair market
value of the assets under each Plan exceeds the present value of
all benefits accrued under such Plan (determined based on the
assumptions used to fund such Plan) and (4) neither the
Company nor any member of its Controlled Group has incurred in the
six years prior to the Signing Date, or reasonably expects to
incur, any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than
contributions to the Plan or premiums to the PBGC in the ordinary
course and without default) in respect of a Plan (including any
Plan that is a "multiemployer plan", within the meaning of
Section 4001(c)(3) of ERISA); and (C) each Plan that is
intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has
received a favorable determination letter from the Internal Revenue
Service with respect to its qualified status that has not been
revoked, or such a determination letter has been timely applied for
but not received by the Signing Date, and nothing has occurred,
whether by action or by failure to act, which could reasonably be
expected to cause the loss, revocation or denial of such qualified
status or favorable determination letter.
(o) Taxes . Except as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries
have filed all federal, state, local and foreign income and
franchise Tax returns required to be filed through the Signing
Date, subject to permitted extensions, and have paid all Taxes due
thereon, and (ii) no Tax deficiency has been determined
adversely to the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, nor
does the Company have any knowledge of any Tax deficiencies. "
Tax " or " Taxes " means any federal, state, local or
foreign income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, license,
excise, franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or
add on minimum, ad valorem, transfer or excise tax, or any other
tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or
charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest or
penalty, imposed by any Governmental Entity.
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(p) Properties and Leases . Except as
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real
properties and all other properties and assets owned by them, in
each case free from liens, encumbrances, claims and defects that
would affect the value thereof or interfere with the use made or to
be made thereof by them. Except as would not, individually or in
the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries hold all
leased real or personal property under valid and enforceable leases
with no exceptions that would interfere with the use made or to be
made thereof by them.
(q) Environmental Liability . Except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect:
(i) there is no legal, administrative, or other proceeding,
claim or action of any nature seeking to impose, or that would
reasonably be expected to result in the imposition of, on the
Company or any Company Subsidiary, any liability relating to the
release of hazardous substances as defined under any local, state
or federal environmental statute, regulation or ordinance,
including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation
and Liability Act of 1980, pending or, to the Company’s
knowledge, threatened against the Company or any Company
Subsidiary;
(ii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no reasonable
basis for any such proceeding, claim or action; and
(iii) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is subject
to any agreement, order, judgment or decree by or with any court,
Governmental Entity or third party imposing any such environmental
liability.
(r) Risk Management Instruments . Except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, all derivative instruments,
including, swaps, caps, floors and option agreements, whether
entered into for the Company’s own account, or for the
account of one or more of the Company Subsidiaries or its or their
customers, were entered into (i) only in the ordinary course
of business, (ii) in accordance with prudent practices and in
all material respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations
and regulatory policies and (iii) with counterparties believed
to be financially responsible at the time; and each of such
instruments constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of
the Company or one of the Company Subsidiaries, enforceable in
accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by the
Bankruptcy Exceptions. Neither the Company or the Company
Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party
thereto, is in breach of any of its obligations under any such
agreement or arrangement other than such breaches that would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(s) Agreements with Regulatory Agencies . Except as set
forth on Schedule F , neither the Company nor any Company
Subsidiary is subject to any material cease-and-desist or other
similar order or enforcement action issued by, or is a party to any
material written agreement, consent agreement or memorandum of
understanding with, or is a party to any commitment letter or
similar undertaking to, or is subject to any capital directive by,
or since December 31, 2006,
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has adopted any board resolutions at the request
of, any Governmental Entity (other than the Appropriate Federal
Banking Agencies with jurisdiction over the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries) that currently restricts in any material respect the
conduct of its business or that in any material manner relates to
its capital adequacy, its liquidity and funding policies and
practices, its ability to pay dividends, its credit, risk
management or compliance policies or procedures, its internal
controls, its management or its operations or business (each item
in this sentence, a " Regulatory Agreement "), nor has the
Company or any Company Subsidiary been advised since
December 31, 2006 by any such Governmental Entity that it is
considering issuing, initiating, ordering, or requesting any such
Regulatory Agreement. The Company and each Company Subsidiary are
in compliance in all material respects with each Regulatory
Agreement to which it is party or subject, and neither the Company
nor any Company Subsidiary has received any notice from any
Governmental Entity indicating that either the Company or any
Company Subsidiary is not in compliance in all material respects
with any such Regulatory Agreement. " Appropriate Federal
Banking Agency " means the "appropriate Federal banking agency"
with respect to the Company or such Company Subsidiaries, as
applicable, as defined in Section 3(q) of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. Section 1813(q)).
(t) Insurance . The Company and the Company Subsidiaries
are insured with reputable insurers against such risks and in such
amounts as the management of the Company reasonably has determined
to be prudent and consistent with industry practice. The Company
and the Company Subsidiaries are in material compliance with their
insurance policies and are not in default under any of the material
terms thereof, each such policy is outstanding and in full force
and effect, all premiums and other payments due under any material
policy have been paid, and all claims thereunder have been filed in
due and timely fashion, except, in each case, as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(u) Intellectual Property . Except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and each
Company Subsidiary owns or otherwise has the right to use, all
intellectual property rights, including all trademarks, trade
dress, trade names, service marks, domain names, patents,
inventions, trade secrets, know-how, works of authorship and
copyrights therein, that are used in the conduct of their existing
businesses and all rights relating to the plans, design and
specifications of any of its branch facilities (" Proprietary
Rights ") free and clear of all liens and any claims of
ownership by current or former employees, contractors, designers or
others and (ii) neither the Company nor any of the Company
Subsidiaries is materially infringing, diluting, misappropriating
or violating, nor has the Company or any or the Company
Subsidiaries received any written (or, to the knowledge of the
Company, oral) communications alleging that any of them has
materially infringed, diluted, misappropriated or violated, any of
the Proprietary Rights owned by any other person. Except as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect, to the Company’s
knowledge, no other person is infringing, diluting,
misappropriating or violating, nor has the Company or any or the
Company Subsidiaries sent any written communications since
January 1, 2006 alleging that any person has infringed,
diluted, misappropriated or violated, any of the Proprietary Rights
owned by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries.
-12-
(v) Brokers and Finders . No broker,
finder or investment banker is entitled to any financial advisory,
brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection
with this Agreement or the Warrant or the transactions contemplated
hereby or thereby based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of
the Company or any Company Subsidiary for which the Investor could
have any liability.
Article III
Covenants
3.1 Commercially Reasonable Efforts .
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each
of the parties will use its commercially reasonable efforts in good
faith to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or
cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or desirable, or
advisable under applicable laws, so as to permit consummation of
the Purchase as promptly as practicable and otherwise to enable
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and shall use
commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the other party
to that end.
(b) If the Company is required to obtain any stockholder
approvals set forth on Schedule C , then the Company shall
comply with this Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c). The
Company shall call a special meeting of its stockholders, as
promptly as practicable following the Closing, to vote on proposals
(collectively, the " Stockholder Proposals ") to
(i) approve the exercise of the Warrant for Common Stock for
purposes of the rules of the national security exchange on which
the Common Stock is listed and/or (ii) amend the
Company’s Charter to increase the number of authorized shares
of Common Stock to at least such number as shall be sufficient to
permit the full exercise of the Warrant for Common Stock and comply
with the other provisions of this Section 3.1(b) and
Section 3.1(c). The Board of Directors shall recommend to the
Company’s stockholders that such stockholders vote in favor
of the Stockholder Proposals. In connection with such meeting, the
Company shall prepare (and the Investor will reasonably cooperate
with the Company to prepare) and file with the SEC as promptly as
practicable (but in no event more than ten business days after the
Closing) a preliminary proxy statement, shall use its reasonable
best efforts to respond to any comments of the SEC or its staff
thereon and to cause a definitive proxy statement related to such
stockholders’ meeting to be mailed to the Company’s
stockholders not more than five business days after clearance
thereof by the SEC, and shall use its reasonable best efforts to
solicit proxies for such stockholder approval of the Stockholder
Proposals. The Company shall notify the Investor promptly of the
receipt of any comments from the SEC or its staff with respect to
the proxy statement and of any request by the SEC or its staff for
amendments or supplements to such proxy statement or for additional
information and will supply the Investor with copies of all
correspondence between the Company or any of its representatives,
on the one hand, and the SEC or its staff, on the other hand, with
respect to such proxy statement. If at any time prior to such
stockholders’ meeting there shall occur any event that is
required to be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the proxy
statement, the Company shall as promptly as practicable prepare and
mail to its stockholders such an amendment or supplement. Each of
the Investor and the Company agrees promptly to correct any
information provided by it or on its behalf for use in the proxy
statement if and to the extent that such information shall have
become false or misleading in any material respect, and the Company
shall as promptly as practicable prepare
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and mail to its stockholders an amendment or
supplement to correct such information to the extent required by
applicable laws and regulations. The Company shall consult with the
Investor prior to filing any proxy statement, or any amendment or
supplement thereto, and provide the Investor with a reasonable
opportunity to comment thereon. In the event that the approval of
any of the Stockholder Proposals is not obtained at such special
stockholders meeting, the Company shall include a proposal to
approve (and the Board of Directors shall recommend approval of)
each such proposal at a meeting of its stockholders no less than
once in each subsequent six-month period beginning on
January 1, 2009 until all such approvals are obtained or
made.
(c) None of the information supplied by the Company or any of
the Company Subsidiaries for inclusion in any proxy statement in
connection with any such stockholders meeting of the Company will,
at the date it is filed with the SEC, when first mailed to the
Company’s stockholders and at the time of any stockholders
meeting, and at the time of any amendment or supplement thereof,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made,
not misleading.
3.2 Expenses . Unless otherwise provided in this
Agreement or the Warrant, each of the parties hereto will bear and
pay all costs and expenses incurred by it or on its behalf in
connection with the transactions contemplated under this Agreement
and the Warrant, including fees and expenses of its own financial
or other consultants, investment bankers, accountants and
counsel.
3.3 Sufficiency of Authorized Common Stock; Exchange
Listing .
(a) During the period from the Closing Date (or, if the approval
of the Stockholder Proposals is required, the date of such
approval) until the date on which the Warrant has been fully
exercised, the Company shall at all times have reserved for
issuance, free of preemptive or similar rights, a sufficient number
of authorized and unissued Warrant Shares to effectuate such
exercise. Nothing in this Section 3.3 shall preclude the
Company from satisfying its obligations in respect of the exercise
of the Warrant by delivery of shares of Common Stock which are held
in the treasury of the Company. As soon as reasonably practicable
following the Closing, the Company shall, at its expense, cause the
Warrant Shares to be listed on the same national securities
exchange on which the Common Stock is listed, subject to official
notice of issuance, and shall maintain such listing for so long as
any Common Stock is listed on such exchange.
(b) If requested by the Investor, the Company shall promptly use
its reasonable best efforts to cause the Preferred Shares to be
approved for listing on a national securities exchange as promptly
as practicable following such request.
3.4 Certain Notifications Until Closing . From the
Signing Date until the Closing, the Company shall promptly notify
the Investor of (i) any fact, event or circumstance of which
it is aware and which would reasonably be expected to cause any
representation or warranty of the Company contained in this
Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any material respect or to
cause any covenant or agreement of the Company contained in this
Agreement not to be complied with or satisfied in any material
respect and (ii) except as Previously Disclosed, any fact,
circumstance, event, change, occurrence, condition or development
of which the Company
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is aware and which, individually or in the
aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect; provided , however ,
that delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 3.4 shall
not limit or affect any rights of or remedies available to the
Investor; provided , further , that a failure to
comply with this Section 3.4 shall not constitute a breach of
this Agreement or the failure of any condition set forth in
Section 1.2 to be satisfied unless the underlying Company
Material Adverse Effect or material breach would independently
result in the failure of a condition set forth in Section 1.2
to be satisfied.
3.5 Access, Information and Confidentiality .
(a) From the Signing Date until the date when the Investor holds
an amount of Preferred Shares having an aggregate liquidation value
of less than 10% of the Purchase Price, the Company will permit the
Investor and its agents, consultants, contractors and advisors
(x) acting through the Appropriate Federal Banking Agency, to
examine the corporate books and make copies thereof and to discuss
the affairs, finances and accounts of the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries with the principal officers of the Company, all upon
reasonable notice and at such reasonable times and as often as the
Investor may reasonably request and (y) to review any
information material to the Investor’s investment in the
Company provided by the Company to its Appropriate Federal Banking
Agency. Any investigation pursuant to this Section 3.5 shall
be conducted during normal business hours and in such manner as not
to interfere unreasonably with the conduct of the business of the
Company, and nothing herein shall require the Company or any
Company Subsidiary to disclose any information to the Investor to
the extent (i) prohibited by applicable law or regulation, or
(ii) that such disclosure would reasonably be expected to
cause a violation of any agreement to which the Company or any
Company Subsidiary is a party or would cause a risk of a loss of
privilege to the Company or any Company Subsidiary (
provided that the Company shall use commercially reasonable
efforts to make appropriate substitute disclosure arrangements
under circumstances where the restrictions in this clause
(ii) apply).
(b) The Investor will use reasonable best efforts to hold, and
will use reasonable best efforts to cause its agents, consultants,
contractors and advisors to hold, in confidence all non-public
records, books, contracts, instruments, computer data and other
data and information (collectively, " Information ")
concerning the Company furnished or made available to it by the
Company or its representatives pursuant to this Agreement (except
to the extent that such information can be shown to have been
(i) previously known by such party on a non-confidential
basis, (ii) in the public domain through no fault of such
party or (iii) later lawfully acquired from other sources by
the party to which it was furnished (and without violation of any
other confidentiality obligation)); provided that nothing
herein shall prevent the Investor from disclosing any Information
to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any
subpoena or similar legal process.
Article IV
Additional Agreements
4.1 Purchase for Investment . The Investor acknowledges
that the Purchased Securities and the Warrant Shares have not been
registered under the Securities Act or under any state securities
laws. The Investor (a) is acquiring the Purchased Securities
pursuant to an
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exemption from registration under the Securities
Act solely for investment with no present intention to distribute
them to any person in violation of the Securities Act or any
applicable U.S. state securities laws, (b) will not sell or
otherwise dispose of any of the Purchased Securities or the Warrant
Shares, except in compliance with the registration requirements or
exemption provisions of the Securities Act and any applicable U.S.
state securities laws, and (c) has such knowledge and
experience in financial and business matters and in investments of
this type that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of
the Purchase and of making an informed investment
decision.
4.2 Legends .
(a) The Investor agrees that all certificates or other
instruments representing the Warrant and the Warrant Shares will
bear a legend substantially to the following effect:
"THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN
REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE
SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR
OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT
RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE
SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER
SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS."
(b) The Investor agrees that all certificates or other
instruments representing the Warrant will also bear a legend
substantially to the following effect:
"THIS INSTRUMENT IS ISSUED SUBJECT TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON
TRANSFER AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF A SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES AND THE INVESTOR REFERRED TO
THEREIN, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE ISSUER. THE SECURITIES
REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE
TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT. ANY SALE OR
OTHER TRANSFER NOT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT WILL BE
VOID."
(c) In addition, the Investor agrees that all certificates or
other instruments representing the Preferred Shares will bear a
legend substantially to the following effect:
"THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE NOT SAVINGS
ACCOUNTS, DEPOSITS OR OTHER OBLIGATIONS OF A BANK AND ARE NOT
INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER
GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN
REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE
"SECURITIES ACT"), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT
BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE
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DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT
RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE
SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER
SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS. EACH PURCHASER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED
BY THIS INSTRUMENT IS NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER MAY BE RELYING ON
THE EXEMPTION FROM SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE
144A THEREUNDER. ANY TRANSFEREE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY
THIS INSTRUMENT BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF (1) REPRESENTS THAT
IT IS A "QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER" (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER,
SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS
INSTRUMENT EXCEPT (A) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT
WHICH IS THEN EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (B) FOR SO
LONG AS THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE ELIGIBLE
FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY
BELIEVES IS A "QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER" AS DEFINED IN RULE
144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR
FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE
IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A,
(C) TO THE ISSUER OR (D) PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER AVAILABLE
EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT
AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THE
SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE TRANSFERRED A NOTICE
SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND."
(d) In the event that any Purchased Securities or Warrant Shares
(i) become registered under the Securities Act or
(ii) are eligible to be transferred without restriction in
accordance with Rule 144 or another exemption from registration
under the Securities Act (other than Rule 144A), the Company shall
issue new certificates or other instruments representing such
Purchased Securities or Warrant Shares, which shall not contain the
applicable legends in Sections 4.2(a) and (c) above;
!provided that the Investor surrenders to the Company the
previously issued certificates or other instruments. Upon Transfer
of all or a portion of the Warrant in compliance with
Section 4.4, the Company shall issue new certificates or other
instruments representing the Warrant, which shall not contain the
applicable legend in Section 4.2(b) above; provided
that the Investor surrenders to the Company the previously issued
certificates or other instruments.
4.3 Certain Transactions . The Company will not merge or
consolidate with, or sell, transfer or lease all or substantially
all of its property or assets to, any other party unless the
successor, transferee or lessee party (or its ultimate parent
entity), as the case may be (if not the Company), expressly assumes
the due and punctual performance and observance of each and every
covenant, agreement and condition of this Agreement to be performed
and observed by the Company.
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4.4 Transfer of Purchased Securities and
Warrant Shares; Restrictions on Exercise of the Warrant .
Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Investor
shall be permitted to transfer, sell, assign or otherwise dispose
of (" Transfer ") all or a portion of the Purchased
Securities or Warrant Shares at any time, and the Company shall
take all steps as may be reasonably requested by the Investor to
facilitate the Transfer of the Purchased Securities and the Warrant
Shares; provided that the Investor shall not Transfer a
portion or portions of the Warrant with respect to, and/or exercise
the Warrant for, more than one-half of the Initial Warrant Shares
(as such number may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to
Section 13 thereof) in the aggregate until the earlier of
(a) the date on which the Company (or any successor by
Business Combination) has received aggregate gross proceeds of not
less than the Purchase Price (and the purchase price paid by the
Investor to any such successor for securities of such successor
purchased under the CPP) from one or more Qualified Equity
Offerings (including Qualified Equity Offerings of such successor)
and (b) December 31, 2009. " Qualified Equity
Offering " means the sale and issuance for cash by the Company
to persons other than the Company or any of the Company
Subsidiaries after the Closing Date of shares of perpetual
Preferred Stock, Common Stock or any combination of such stock,
that, in each case, qualify as and may be included in Tier 1
capital of the Company at the time of issuance under the applicable
risk-based capital guidelines of the Company’s Appropriate
Federal Banking Agency (other than any such sales and issuances
made pursuant to agreements or arrangements entered into, or
pursuant to financing plans which were publicly announced, on or
prior to October 13, 2008). " Business Combination "
means a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar
transaction that requires the approval of the Company’s
stockholders.
4.5 Registration Rights .
(a) Registration .
(i) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the
Company covenants and agrees that as promptly as practicable after
the Closing Date (and in any event no later than 30 days after the
Closing Date), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a
Shelf Registration Statement covering all Registrable Securities
(or otherwise designate an existing Shelf Registration Statement
filed with the SEC to cover the Registrable Securities), and, to
the extent the Shelf Registration Statement has not theretofore
been declared effective or is not automatically effective upon such
filing, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to cause such
Shelf Registration Statement to be declared or become effective and
to keep such Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective
and in compliance with the Securities Act and usable for resale of
such Registrable Securities for a period from the date of its
initial effectiveness until such time as there are no Registrable
Securities remaining (including by refiling such Shelf Registration
Statement (or a new Shelf Registration Statement) if the initial
Shelf Registration Statement expires). So long as the Company is a
well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the
Securities Act) at the time of filing of the Shelf Registration
Statement with the SEC, such Shelf Registration Statement shall be
designated by the Company as an automatic Shelf Registration
Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on the Signing Date
the Company is not eligible to file a registration statement on
Form S-3, then the Company shall not be obligated to file a Shelf
Registration Statement unless and until requested to do so in
writing by the Investor.
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(ii) Any registration pursuant to
Section 4.5(a)(i) shall be effected by means of a shelf
registration on an appropriate form under Rule 415 under the
Securities Act (a " Shelf Registration Statement "). If the
Investor or any other Holder intends to distribute any Registrable
Securities by means of an underwritten offering it shall promptly
so advise the Company and the Company shall take all reasonable
steps to facilitate such distribution, including the actions
required pursuant to Section 4.5(c); provided that the
Company shall not be required to facilitate an underwritten
offering of Registrable Securities unless the expected gross
proceeds from such offering exceed (i) 2% of the initial
aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares if such
initial aggregate liquidation preference is less than $2 billion
and (ii) $200 million if the initial aggregate liquidation
preference of the Preferred Shares is equal to or greater than $2
billion. The lead underwriters in any such distribution shall be
selected by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities
to be distributed; provided that to the extent appropriate
and permitted under applicable law, such Holders shall consider the
qualifications of any broker-dealer Affiliate of the Company in
selecting the lead underwriters in any such
distribution.
(iii) The Company shall not be required to effect a registration
(including a resale of Registrable Securities from an effective
Shelf Registration Statement) or an underwritten offering pursuant
to Section 4.5(a): (A) with respect to securities that
are not Registrable Securities; or (B) if the Company has
notified the Investor and all other Holders that in the good faith
judgment of the Board of Directors, it would be materially
detrimental to the Company or its security holders for such
registration or underwritten offering to be effected at such time,
in which event the Company shall have the right to defer such
registration for a period of not more than 45 days after receipt of
the request of the Investor or any other Holder; provided
that such right to delay a registration or underwritten offering
shall be exercised by the Company (1) only if the Company has
generally exercised (or is concurrently exercising) similar
black-out rights against holders of similar securities that have
registration rights and (2) not more than three times in any
12-month period and not more than 90 days in the aggregate in any
12-month period.
(iv) If during any period when an effective Shelf Registration
Statement is not available, the Company proposes to register any of
its equity securities, other than a registration pursuant to
Section 4.5(a)(i) or a Special Registration, and the
registration form to be filed may be used for the registration or
qualification for distribution of Registrable Securities, the
Company will give prompt written notice to the Investor and all
other Holders of its intention to effect such a registration (but
in no event less than ten days prior to the anticipated filing
date) and will include in such registration all Registrable
Securities with respect to which the Company has received written
requests for inclusion therein within ten business days after the
date of the Company’s notice (a " Piggyback
Registration "). Any such person that has made such a written
request may withdraw its Registrable Securities from such Piggyback
Registration by giving written notice to the Company and the
managing underwriter, if any, on or before the fifth
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business day prior to the planned effective date
of such Piggyback Registration. The Company may terminate or
withdraw any registration under this Section 4.5(a)(iv) prior
to the effectiveness of such registration, whether or not Investor
or any other Holders have elected to include Registrable Securities
in such registration.
(v) If the registration referred to in Section 4.5(a)(iv)
is proposed to be underwritten, the Company will so advise Investor
and all other Holders as a part of the written notice given
pursuant to Section 4.5(a)(iv). In such event, the right of
Investor and all other Holders to registration pursuant to
Section 4.5(a) will be conditioned upon such persons’
participation in such underwriting and the inclusion of such
person’s Registrable Securities in the underwriting if such
securities are of the same class of securities as the securities to
be offered in the underwritten offering, and each such person will
(together with the Company and the other persons distributing their
securities through such underwriting) enter into an underwriting
agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters
selected for such underwriting by the Company; provided that
the Investor (as opposed to other Holders) shall not be required to
indemnify any person in connection with any registration. If any
participating person disapproves of the terms of the underwriting,
such person may elect to withdraw therefrom by written notice to
the Company, the managing underwriters and the Investor (if the
Investor is participating in the underwriting).
(vi) If either (x) the Company grants "piggyback"
registration rights to one or more third parties to include their
securities in an underwritten offering under the Shelf Registration
Statement pursuant to Section 4.5(a)(ii) or (y) a
Piggyback Registration under Section 4.5(a)(iv) relates to an
underwritten offering on behalf of the Company, and in either case
the managing underwriters advise the Company that in their
reasonable opinion the number of securities requested to be
included in such offering exceeds the number which can be sold
without adversely affecting the marketability of such offering
(including an adverse effect on the per share offering price), the
Company will include in such offering only such number of
securities that in the reasonable opinion of such managing
underwriters can be sold without adversely affecting the
marketability of the offering (including an adverse effect on the
per share offering price), which securities will be so included in
the following order of priority: (A) first, in the case of a
Piggyback Registration under Section 4.5(a)(iv), the
securities the Company proposes to sell, (B) then the
Registrable Securities of the Investor and all other Holders who
have requested inclusion of Registrable Securities pursuant to
Section 4.5(a)(ii) or Section 4.5(a)(iv), as applicable,
pro rata on the basis of the aggregate number of such
securities or shares owned by each such person and (C) lastly,
any other securities of the Company that have been requested to be
so included, subject to the terms of this Agreement; provided,
however, that if the Company has, prior to the Signing Date,
entered into an agreement with respect to its securities that is
inconsistent with the order of priority contemplated hereby then it
shall apply the order of priority in such conflicting agreement to
the extent that it would otherwise result in a breach under such
agreement.
(b) Expenses of Registration . All Registration Expenses
incurred in connection with any registration, qualification or
compliance hereunder shall be borne by the Company. All
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Selling Expenses incurred in connection with any
registrations hereunder shall be borne by the holders of the
securities so registered pro rata on the basis of the
aggregate offering or sale price of the securities so
registered.
(c) Obligations of the Company . The Company shall use
its reasonable best efforts, for so long as there are Registrable
Securities outstanding, to take such actions as are under its
control to not become an ineligible issuer (as defined in Rule 405
under the Securities Act) and to remain a well-known seasoned
issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) if it has
such status on the Signing Date or becomes eligible for such status
in the future. In addition, whenever required to effect the
registration of any Registrable Securities or facilitate the
distribution of Registrable Securities pursuant to an effective
Shelf Registration Statement, the Company shall, as expeditiously
as reasonably practicable:
(i) Prepare and file with the SEC a prospectus supplement with
respect to a proposed offering of Registrable Securities pursuant
to an effective registration statement, subject to
Section 4.5(d), keep such registration statement effective and
keep such prospectus supplement current until the securities
described therein are no longer Registrable Securities.
(ii) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and
supplements to the applicable registration statement and the
prospectus or prospectus supplement used in connection with such
registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the
provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of
all securities covered by such registration statement.
(iii) Furnish to the Holders and any underwriters such number of
copies of the applicable registration statement and each such
amendment and supplement thereto (including in each case all
exhibits) and of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus,
in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such
other documents as they may reasonably request in order to
facilitate the disposition of Registrable Securities owned or to be
distributed by them.
(iv) Use its reasonable best efforts to register and qualify the
securities covered by such registration statement under such other
securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as shall be
reasonably requested by the Holders or any managing underwriter(s),
to keep such registration or qualification in effect for so long as
such registration statement remains in effect, and to take any
other action which may be reasonably necessary to enable such
seller to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the
securities owned by such Holder; provided that the Company
shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition
thereto to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to
service of process in any such states or jurisdictions.
(v) Notify each Holder of Registrable Securities at any time
when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered
under the Securities Act of the happening of any event as a result
of which the applicable prospectus, as then in effect, includes an
untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances
then existing.
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(vi) Give written notice to the
Holders:
(A) when any registration statement filed pursuant to
Section 4.5(a) or any amendment thereto has been filed with
the SEC (except for any amendment effected by the filing of a
document with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act) and when such
registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has
become effective;
(B) of any request by the SEC for amendments or supplements to
any registration statement or the prospectus included therein or
for additional information;
(C) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the
effectiveness of any registration statement or the initiation of
any proceedings for that purpose;
(D) of the receipt by the Company or its legal counsel of any
notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of
the Common Stock for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or
threatening of any proceeding for such purpose;
(E) of the happening of any event that requires the Company to
make changes in any effective registration statement or the
prospectus related to the registration statement in order to make
the statements therein not misleading (which notice shall be
accompanied by an instruction to suspend the use of the prospectus
until the requisite changes have been made); and
(F) if at any time the representations and warranties of the
Company contained in any underwriting agreement contemplated by
Section 4.5(c)(x) cease to be true and correct.
(vii) Use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance or
obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of
any registration statement referred to in
Section 4.5(c)(vi)(C) at the earliest practicable time.
(viii) Upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by
Section 4.5(c)(v) or 4.5(c)(vi)(E), promptly prepare a
post-effective amendment to such registration statement or a
supplement to the related prospectus or file any other required
document so that, as thereafter delivered to the Holders and any
underwriters, the prospectus will not contain an untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to
make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. If the Company notifies the
Holders in accordance with Section 4.5(c)(vi)(E) to suspend
the use of the prospectus until the requisite changes to
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the prospectus have been made, then the Holders
and any underwriters shall suspend use of such prospectus and use
their reasonable best efforts to return to the Company all copies
of such prospectus (at the Company’s expense) other than
permanent file copies then in such Holders’ or
underwriters’ possession. The total number of days that any
such suspension may be in effect in any 12-month period shall not
exceed 90 days.
(ix) Use reasonable best efforts to procure the cooperation of
the Company’s transfer agent in settling any offering or sale
of Registrable Securities, including with respect to the transfer
of physical stock certificates into book-entry form in accordance
with any procedures reasonably requested by the Holders or any
managing underwriter(s).
(x) If an underwritten offering is requested pursuant to
Section 4.5(a)(ii), enter into an underwriting agreement in
customary form, scope and substance and take all such other actions
reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the
Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith or by the
managing underwriter(s), if any, to expedite or facilitate the
underwritten disposition of such Registrable Securities, and in
connection therewith in any underwritten offering (including making
members of management and executives of the Company available to
participate in "road shows", similar sales events and other
marketing activities), (A) make such representations and
warranties to the Holders that are selling stockholders and the
managing underwriter(s), if any, with respect to the business of
the Company and its subsidiaries, and the Shelf Registration
Statement, prospectus and documents, if any, incorporated or deemed
to be incorporated by reference therein, in each case, in customary
form, substance and scope, and, if true, confirm the same if and
when requested, (B) use its reasonable best efforts to furnish
the underwriters with opinions of counsel to the Company, addressed
to the managing underwriter(s), if any, covering the matters
customarily covered in such opinions requested in underwritten
offerings, (C) use its reasonable best efforts to obtain "cold
comfort" letters from the independent certified public accountants
of the Company (and, if necessary, any other independent certified
public accountants of any business acquired by the Company for
which financial statements and financial data are included in the
Shelf Registration Statement) who have certified the financial
statements included in such Shelf Registration Statement, addressed
to each of the managing underwriter(s), if any, such letters to be
in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily
covered in "cold comfort" letters, (D) if an underwriting
agreement is entered into, the same shall contain indemnification
provisions and procedures customary in underwritten offerings
(provided that the Investor shall not be obligated to provide any
indemnity), and (E) deliver such documents and certificates as
may be reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the
Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith, their
counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, to evidence the
continued validity of the representations and warranties made
pursuant to clause (i) above and to evidence compliance with
any customary conditions contained in the underwriting agreement or
other agreement entered into by the Company.
(xi) Make available for inspection by a representative of
Holders that are selling stockholders, the managing underwriter(s),
if any, and any attorneys or accountants retained by such Holders
or managing underwriter(s), at the offices where
-23-
normally kept, during reasonable business hours,
financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and
properties of the Company, and cause the officers, directors and
employees of the Company to supply all information in each case
reasonably requested (and of the type customarily provided in
connection with due diligence conducted in connection with a
registered public offering of securities) by any such
representative, managing underwriter(s), attorney or accountant in
connection with such Shelf Registration Statement.
(xii) Use reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registrable
Securities to be listed on each national securities exchange on
which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed or,
if no similar securities issued by the Company are then listed on
any national securities exchange, use its reasonable best efforts
to cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on such
securities exchange as the Investor may designate.
(xiii) If requested by Holders of a majority of the Registrable
Securities being registered and/or sold in connection therewith, or
the managing underwriter(s), if any, promptly include in a
prospectus supplement or amendment such information as the Holders
of a majority of the Registrable Securities being registered and/or
sold in connection therewith or managing underwriter(s), if any,
may reasonably request in order to permit the intended method of
distribution of such securities and make all required filings of
such prospectus supplement or such amendment as soon as practicable
after the Company has received such request.
(xiv) Timely provide to its security holders earning statements
satisfying the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities
Act and Rule 158 thereunder.
(d) Suspension of Sales . Upon receipt of written notice
from the Company that a registration statement, prospectus or
prospectus supplement contains or may contain an untrue statement
of a material fact or omits or may omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading or that circumstances exist that make
inadvisable use of such registration statement, prospectus or
prospectus supplement, the Investor and each Holder of Registrable
Securities shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable
Securities until the Investor and/or Holder has received copies of
a supplemented or amended prospectus or prospectus supplement, or
until the Investor and/or such Holder is advised in writing by the
Company that the use of the prospectus and, if applicable,
prospectus supplement may be resumed, and, if so directed by the
Company, the Investor and/or such Holder shall deliver to the
Company (at the Company’s expense) all copies, other than
permanent file copies then in the Investor and/or such
Holder’s possession, of the prospectus and, if applicable,
prospectus supplement covering such Registrable Securities current
at the time of receipt of such notice. The total number of days
that any such suspension may be in effect in any 12-month period
shall not exceed 90 days.
(e) Termination of Registration Rights . A Holder’s
registration rights
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