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SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

Purchase and Sale Agreement

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT | Document Parties: SOLAR POWER, INC. | Deutsche Bank Securities Inc | Solar Power, Inc You are currently viewing:
This Purchase and Sale Agreement involves

SOLAR POWER, INC. | Deutsche Bank Securities Inc | Solar Power, Inc

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Title: SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
Governing Law: New York     Date: 9/23/2009
Industry: Semiconductors     Law Firm: Goodwin Procter     Sector: Technology

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT, Parties: solar power  inc. , deutsche bank securities inc , solar power  inc
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Exhibit 10.1

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

     This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is dated as of September ___, 2009, by and among Solar Power, Inc., a California corporation (the “ Company ”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “ Purchaser ” and collectively, the “ Purchasers ”).

RECITALS

          A. The Company and each Purchaser is executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), and Rule 506 of Regulation D (“ Regulation D ”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) under the Securities Act.

          B. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, that aggregate number of shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “ Common Stock ”), of the Company, set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement (which aggregate amount for all Purchasers together shall be up to 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock and shall be collectively referred to herein as the “ Shares ” and shall be for an aggregate purchase price of up to $20,000,000).

          C. The Company has engaged Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. as its exclusive placement agent (the “ Placement Agent ”) for the offering of the Shares on a “best efforts” basis.

          D. Contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the parties hereto are executing and delivering a Registration Rights Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights with respect to the Shares under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and applicable state securities laws.

     NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchasers hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS

     1.1 Definitions . In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated in this Section 1.1 :

          “ Acquiring Person ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.5 .

          “ Affiliate ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act. With respect to a Purchaser, any investment fund or managed account that is managed on a discretionary basis by the same investment manager as such Purchaser will be deemed to be an Affiliate of such Purchaser.

          “ Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

          “ Board of Directors ” means the board of directors of the Company.

 


 

          “ Business Day ” means any day except Saturday, Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.

          “ Buy-In ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

          “ Buy-In Price ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

          “ Closing ” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement.

           “Closing Bid Price” means, for any security as of any date, (a) the last reported closing bid price per share of Common Stock for such security on the Principal Trading Market, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or, (b) if the Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price then the last bid price of such security prior to 4:00 P.M., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or (c) if the foregoing do not apply, the last closing price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or (d) if no closing bid price is reported for such security by Bloomberg Financial Markets, the average of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC. If the Closing Bid Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Bid Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the holder of such security. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

          “ Closing Date ” means the Trading Day when all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all of the conditions set forth in Sections 2.1 , 2.2 , 5.1 and 5.2 hereof are satisfied or waived, as the case may be, or such other date or dates as the parties may agree.

          “ Commission ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Common Stock ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals, and also includes any other class of securities into which the Common Stock may hereafter be reclassified or changed into.

          “ Common Stock Equivalents ” means any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock or other securities that entitle the holder to receive, directly or indirectly, Common Stock.

          “ Company ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

          “ Company Counsel ” means Weintraub Genshlea Chediak Law Corporation.

          “ Company Deliverables ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a) .

          “ Company’s Knowledge ” means with respect to any statement made to the Company’s knowledge, that the statement is based upon the actual knowledge of the executive officers of the Company having responsibility for the matter or matters that are the subject of the statement.

          “ Contingent Obligations ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(bb) .

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          “ Control ” (including the terms “controlling”, “controlled by” or “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

          “ Deadline Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

          “ Disclosure Materials ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g) .

          “ Disclosure Schedules ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1 .

          “ DTC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(c) .

          “ Effective Date ” means the date on which the initial Registration Statement required by Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement is first declared effective by the Commission.

          “ Environmental Laws ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(ee) .

          “ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

          “ GAAP ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g) .

          “ Hazardous Materials ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(ee) .

          “ Indebtedness ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(bb) .

          “ Insolvent ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h) .

          “ Intellectual Property Rights ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(u) .

          “ Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions ” means, with respect to the Company, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form of Exhibit D , executed by the Company and delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent.

          “ Legend Removal Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(c) .

          “ Lien ” means any lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, security interest, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restrictions of any kind.

          “ Material Adverse Effect ” means (i) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business or financial condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole on a consolidated basis, or (ii) materially and adversely impair the Company’s ability to perform its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents, provided, that none of the following alone shall be deemed, in and of itself, to constitute a Material Adverse Effect: (i) a change in the market price or trading volume of the Common Stock or (ii) changes in general economic conditions or changes affecting the industry in which the Company operates generally (as opposed to Company-specific changes) so long as such changes do not have a disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.

          “ Material Permits ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(w) .

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          “ New York Courts ” means the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan.

          “ Outside Date ” means the thirtieth day following the date of this Agreement.

          “ Person ” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company, joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically listed herein.

          “ Placement Agent ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Press Release ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4 .

          “ Principal Trading Market ” means the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date, shall be the OTC Bulletin Board.

          “ Proceeding ” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.

          “ Purchase Price ” means $1.00 per Share.

          “ Purchaser ” or “ Purchasers ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Purchaser Deliverables ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(b) .

          “ Purchaser Party ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8 .

           “Registration Rights Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Registration Statement ” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and covering the resale by the Purchasers of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement).

          “ Regulation D ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Rule 144 ” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

          “ SEC Report s” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(g) .

          “ Secretary’s Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a)(viii) .

          “ Securities Act ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

          “ Short Sales ” include, without limitation, (i) all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act, whether or not against the box, and all types of direct and indirect stock pledges, forward sale contracts, options, puts, calls, short sales, swaps, “put equivalent positions” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act) and similar arrangements

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(including on a total return basis), and (ii) sales and other transactions through non-U.S. broker dealers or foreign regulated brokers (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).

          “ Stock Certificates ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a)(ii) .

          “ Subscription Amount ” means, with respect to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Shares purchased hereunder as indicated on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading “Aggregate Purchase Price (Subscription Amount)” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds or the cancellation, evidenced in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Company, of outstanding amounts owed by the Company to such Purchaser for products previously received by Company from such Purchaser (which payment by cancellation shall be noted on such Purchaser’s signature page).

          “ Subsidiary ” means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a) , and shall, where applicable, include any subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.

          “ Trading Affiliate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(h) .

          “ Trading Day ” means (i) a day on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and traded on its Principal Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not quoted on any Trading Market, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC (or any similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices); provided , that in the event that the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in (i), (ii) and (iii) hereof, then Trading Day shall mean a Business Day.

          “ Trading Market ” means whichever of the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE Amex (formerly the American Stock Exchange), the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Capital Market or the OTC Bulletin Board on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question.

          “ Transaction Documents ” means this Agreement, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and any other documents or agreements explicitly contemplated hereunder.

          “ Transfer Agent ” means Computershare Trust Co., Inc., the current transfer agent of the Company, or any successor transfer agent for the Company.

ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE

     2.1 Closing .

          (a) Amount . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing or Closings, the Company shall issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser shall, severally and not jointly, purchase from the Company, such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient resulting from dividing (i) the Subscription Amount for such Purchaser by (ii) the Purchase Price, rounded down to the nearest whole Share.

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          (b) Closing . The Closing or Closings of the purchase and sale of the Shares shall take place at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, The New York Times Building, 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York on each Closing Date or at such other locations or remotely by facsimile transmission or other electronic means as the parties may mutually agree.

          (c) Form of Payment . Except as may otherwise be agreed to among the Company and one or more of the Purchasers, on or prior to the Business Day immediately prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall wire its Subscription Amount, to the extent to be paid in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, to a non-interest bearing escrow account established by the Company and the Placement Agent with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “ Escrow Agent ”) as set forth on Exhibit G hereto (the aggregate amounts received being held in escrow by the Escrow Agent are referred to herein as the “ Escrow Amount ”). On the Closing Date, (a) the Company and the Placement Agent shall instruct the Escrow Agent to deliver, in immediately available funds, the Escrow Amount constituting the aggregate purchase price as follows: (1) to the Placement Agent, the fees and reimbursable expenses payable to the Placement Agent (which fees and expenses shall be set forth in such instructions), and (2) the balance of the aggregate purchase price to the Company, and (b) the Company shall irrevocably instruct the Transfer Agent to deliver to each Purchaser one or more stock certificates, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing the number of Shares such Purchaser is purchasing as is set forth on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading “Number of Shares to be Acquired”, within three (3) Trading Days after the Closing.

     2.2 Closing Deliveries . (a) On or prior to the Closing or Closings, the Company shall issue, deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following (the “ Company Deliverables ”):

               (i) this Agreement, duly executed by the Company;

               (ii) facsimile copies of one or more stock certificates, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing the Shares subscribed for by such Purchaser hereunder, registered in the name of such Purchaser as set forth on the Stock Certificate Questionnaire included as Exhibit B-2 hereto (the “ Stock Certificate ”), with the original Stock Certificates delivered within three (3) Trading Days of Closing;

               (iii) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, dated as of the Closing Date and in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C-1 , executed by such counsel and addressed to the Purchasers and the Placement Agent;

               (iv) a legal opinion of Hylands Law Firm, PRC counsel for the Company, dated as of the Closing Date and in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C-2 , executed by such counsel and addressed to the Purchasers and the Placement Agent;

               (v) a legal opinion of Boughton Peterson Yong Anderson, Hong Kong counsel for the Company, dated as of the Closing Date and in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C-3 , executed by such counsel and addressed to the Purchasers and the Placement Agent;

               (vi) the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by the Company;

               (vii) duly executed Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver, on an expedited basis, a certificate evidencing a number of Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;

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               (viii) a certificate of the Secretary of the Company (the “ Secretary’s Certificate ”), dated as of the Closing Date, (a) certifying the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof approving the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the issuance of the Shares, (b) certifying the current versions of the certificate or articles of incorporation, as amended, and by-laws of the Company and (c) certifying as to the signatures and authority of persons signing the Transaction Documents and related documents on behalf of the Company, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E ;

               (ix) the Compliance Certificate referred to in Section 5.1(h) ; and

               (x) a copy of a certificate or other evidence of the formation and good standing of the Company from the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of the State of California, as of a date within three (3) Business Days of the Closing Date.

          (b) On or prior to the Closing, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following (the “ Purchaser Deliverables ”):

               (i) this Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;

               (ii) its Subscription Amount, in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, in the amount set forth as the “Purchase Price” indicated below such Purchaser’s name on the applicable signature page hereto under the heading “Aggregate Purchase Price (Subscription Amount)” by wire transfer to the Escrow Account, as set forth on Exhibit G attached hereto;

               (iii) the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;

               (iv) a fully completed and duly executed Selling Stockholder Questionnaire in the form attached as Annex B to the Registration Rights Agreement; and

               (v) a fully completed and duly executed Accredited Investor Questionnaire, satisfactory to the Company, and Stock Certificate Questionnaire in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits B-1 and B-2 , respectively.

ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

     3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company . Except (i) as set forth in the schedules delivered herewith (the “ Disclosure Schedules ”), which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, or (ii) disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and the Closing Date (except for the representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be made as of such date), to each of the Purchasers and to the Placement Agent:

          (a) Subsidiaries . The Company has no Subsidiaries other than those listed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto, the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or comparable equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Lien and all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or comparable equity interest of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights.

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          (b) Organization and Qualification . Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (as applicable), with the requisite corporate or other legal authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

          (c) Authorization; Enforcement . The Company has the requisite corporate authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and no further consent or action is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders. Each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will be) duly executed by the Company and is, or when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute, the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally, and (ii) the effect of rules of law governing the availability of specific performance and other equitable remedies.

          (d) No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not, and will not, (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound, or affected, except to the extent that such conflict, default or rights would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, or to the Company’ Knowledge (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including, assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in this Agreement, federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of any self-regulatory organization to which the Company or its securities are subject, including all applicable Trading Markets), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected, except to the extent that such violation would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

          (e) Issuance of the Shares . The Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in this Agreement, the Shares will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws.

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          (f) Capitalization . The aggregate number of shares and type of all authorized, issued and outstanding classes of capital stock, options and other securities of the Company (whether or not presently convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company) is set forth in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto. All outstanding shares of capital stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and have been issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, the Company does not have outstanding any other options, warrants, script rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or entered into any agreement giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock, or securities or rights convertible or exchangeable into shares of Common Stock. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, and except for customary adjustments as a result of stock dividends, stock splits, combinations of shares, reorganizations, recapitalizations, reclassifications or other similar events, there are no anti-dilution or price adjustment provisions contained in any security issued by the Company (or in any agreement providing rights to security holders) and the issuance and sale of the Shares will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under such securities. To the Company’s Knowledge, except as disclosed in the SEC Reports and any schedules filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 13d-1 of the Exchange Act by reporting persons or in Schedule 3.1(f) hereto, no Person or group of related Persons beneficially owns (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), or has the right to acquire, by agreement with or by obligation binding upon the Company, beneficial ownership of in excess of 5% of the outstanding Common Stock.

          (g) SEC Reports; Financial Statements . The Company has filed all reports required to be filed by it under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof. Such reports required to be filed by the Company under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, together with any materials filed or furnished by the Company under the Exchange Act, whether or not any such reports were required being collectively referred to herein as the “ SEC Reports ” and, together with this Agreement and the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, the “ Disclosure Materials ”, on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing for any of the SEC Reports and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. The Company has made available to the Purchasers or their respective representatives true, correct and complete copies of the SEC Reports not available on the SEC’s EDGAR system. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, and none of the SEC Reports contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“ GAAP ”), and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, year-end audit adjustments. All material agreements to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or to which the property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary are subject are included as part of or identified in the SEC Reports, to the extent such agreements are required to be included or identified pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

          (h) Material Adverse Effect . Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(h) hereto, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or that could result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has incurred any material liabilities other than

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(A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or required to be disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting or changed its auditors, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders, in their capacities as such, or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock (except for repurchases by the Company of shares of capital stock held by employees, officers, directors, or consultants pursuant to an option to repurchase such shares upon the termination of employment or services), and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to current or previously existing Company stock-based plans. The Company has not taken any steps to seek protection pursuant to any bankruptcy law nor does the Company have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy proceedings or any actual knowledge of any fact which would reasonably lead a creditor to do so. The Company is not as of the date hereof, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby to occur at the applicable Closing, will not be Insolvent (as defined below). For purposes of this Section 3.1(h) , “ Insolvent ” means (i) the present fair saleable value of the Company’s assets is less than the amount required to pay the Company’s total Indebtedness (as defined in Section 3.1(bb) ), (ii) the Company is unable to pay its debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured, or (iii) the Company intends to incur or believes that it will incur debts that would be beyond its ability to pay as such debts mature.

          (i) Absence of Litigation . Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(i) , there is no action, suit, claim, or Proceeding, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, inquiry or investigation, before or by any court, public board, government agency, or self-regulatory organization pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that could, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

          (j) Compliance . Except as described in Schedule 3.1(j) , neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received written notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body, or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule or regulation of any governmental authority.

          (k) Title to Assets . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary owns any real property. The Company and the personal property owned by them that is used in the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for Liens that do not, individually or in the aggregate, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid and subsisting leases of which the Company and the Subsidiaries and, to the Company’s Knowledge, the other parties thereto, are in material compliance.

          (l) No General Solicitation; Placement Agent Fees . Neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers’ commission (other than for persons engaged by any Purchaser or its investment advisor) relating to or arising out of the issuance of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that it has engaged Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. as its exclusive Placement Agent for the offering of the Shares.

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Other than the Placement Agent, and except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(l) hereto, the Company has not engaged any placement agent or other agent in connection with the sale of the Shares.

          (m) No Integration . Neither the Company nor to the Company’s Knowledge any of its Affiliates nor, any Person acting on the Company’s behalf has, directly or indirectly, at any time within the past six months, made any offer or sale of any security or solicitation of any offer to buy any security under circumstances that would (i) eliminate the availability of the exemption from registration under Regulation D under the Securities Act in connection with the offer and sale by the Company of the Shares as contemplated hereby or (ii) cause the offering of the Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any Trading Market. The Company is not required to be registered as, and is not an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company is not required to be registered as, a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980.

          (n) Private Placement . Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained in this Agreement and the compliance by the Purchasers with the provisions set forth herein, it is not necessary, in connection with the issuance and sale of any Shares, in the manner contemplated by the Transaction Documents, to register any Shares under the Securities Act.

          (o) Eligibility for Registration . The Company is eligible to register the Shares for resale by the Purchasers using Form S-1 promulgated under the Securities Act, as provided in the Registration Rights Agreement.

          (p) Listing and Maintenance Requirements . The Company has not, in the twelve months preceding the date hereof, received written notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is in compliance, in all material respects, with all such listing and maintenance requirements.

          (q) Registration Rights . Except as provided in the Transaction Documents, the Company has not granted or agreed to grant to any Person any rights (including “piggy-back” registration rights) to have any securities of the Company registered with the Commission or any other governmental authority that have not been satisfied or waived.

          (r) Application of Takeover Protections . Except as described in Schedule 3.1(r) , there is no control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s charter documents or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to any of the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Shares and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Shares.

          (s) Disclosure . The Company confirms that neither it nor any of its officers, directors or Affiliates, has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or might constitute material, nonpublic information (other than the existence and terms of the issuance of Shares, as contemplated by this Agreement). The Company understands and confirms that each of the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All disclosure provided by the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, furnished

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by or on the behalf of the Company are true and correct in all material respects and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. To the Company’s Knowledge, no event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, operations or financial conditions, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those set forth in the Transaction Documents.

          (t) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Shares . Based upon the assumption that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated in all material respects in conformity with the Transaction Documents, the Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Shares. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.

          (u) Patents and Trademarks . To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries own, or possess adequate rights or licenses to use, all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent applications, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights (“ Intellectual Property Rights ”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(u) , none of the Company’s Intellectual Property Rights have expired or terminated, or are expected to expire or terminate, within three years from the date of this Agreement. To the Company’s Knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is infringing the Intellectual Property Rights of others. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(u) , there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought, or to the Company’s Knowledge, being threatened, against the Company or its Subsidiaries regarding its Intellectual Property Rights.

          (v) Insurance . The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses and location in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged.

          (w) Regulatory Permits . The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports (“ Material Permits ”), except where the failure to possess such Material Permits does not have or could not reasonably be expected to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

          (x) Transactions with Affiliates . Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(x) and in the Company’s SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K (other than for ordinary course services as officers or directors), including any

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contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any such officer or director or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any corporation, partnership, trust or other entity in which any such officer or director has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner.

          (y) Internal Accounting Controls . The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

          (z) Sarbanes-Oxley Act . The Company is in compliance in all respects with applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder, except where such noncompliance would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

          (aa) Foreign Corrupt Practices . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or other Person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has, in the course of its actions for, or on behalf of, the Company (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended; or (iv) made any unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee.

          (bb) Indebtedness . Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(bb) , neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has any outstanding Indebtedness (as defined below) or (ii) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness. For purposes of this Agreement: (x) “ Indebtedness ” of any Person means, without duplication (A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses, (E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing, in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even though the rights and remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or other encumbrance upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; and (y) “ Contingent Obligation ” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect

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thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto.

          (cc) Employee Relations . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or, to the Company’s Knowledge, employs any member of a union. The Company believes that its relations with its employees are as disclosed in the SEC Reports and no disturbance by the Company’s employees exists or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is imminent. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(cc) , no current executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (as defined in Rule 501(f) of the Securities Act) has notified in writing the Company or any such Subsidiary that such officer intends to leave the Company or any such Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer’s employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary. To the Company’s Knowledge, no executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any such Subsidiary to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters.

          (dd) Labor Matters . The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations respecting labor, employment and employment practices and benefits, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where failure to be in compliance would not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

          (ee) Environmental Laws . The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all Environmental Laws (as hereinafter defined), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where, in each of the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The term “ Environmental Laws ” means all federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “ Hazardous Materials ”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.

          (ff) Subsidiary Rights . Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(ff) , the Company or its Subsidiaries have the unrestricted right to vote, and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and distributions on, all capital securities or ownership interest of the Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Subsidiary.

          (gg) Tax Status . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) has made or filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any such claim.

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          (hh) Regulation M Compliance . The Company has not, and to the Company’s Knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Shares, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement of the Shares.

          (ii) Disclosure Controls and Procedures . The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act; such disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company and its Subsidiaries is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities, such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

     3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers . Each Purchaser hereby, for itself and for no other Purchaser, represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company and the Placement Agent as follows:

          (a) Organization; Authority . Such Purchaser is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite corporate or partnership power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the applicable Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Purchaser and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or, if such Purchaser is not a corporation, such partnership, limited liability company or other applicable like action, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application.

          (b) No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by such Purchaser of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Purchaser, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Purchaser is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Purchaser, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of such Purchaser to perform its obligations hereunder.

          (c) Investment Intent . Such Purchaser understands that the Shares are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is

15


 

acquiring the Shares as principal for its own account and not with a view to, or for distributing or reselling such Shares or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws, provided, however , that by making the representations herein, such Purchaser does not agree to hold any of the Shares for any minimum period of time and reserves the right, subject to the provisions of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, at all times to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Shares pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or under an exemption from such registration and in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Shares hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. Such Purchaser does not presently have any agreement, plan or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any Person to distribute or effect any distribution of any of the Shares (or any securities which are derivatives thereof) to or through any person or entity; such Purchaser is not a registered broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act or an entity engaged in a business that would require it to be so registered as a broker-dealer.

          (d) Purchaser Status . At the time such Purchaser was offered the Shares, it was, and at the date hereof it is, an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act.

          (e) General Solicitation . Such Purchaser is not purchasing the Shares as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Shares published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar or any other general advertisement.

          (f) Experience of Such Purchaser . Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Shares, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Shares and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

          (g) Access to Information . Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Disclosure Materials and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Shares and the merits and risks of investing in the Shares; (ii) access to information about the Company and the Subsidiaries and their respective financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Neither such inquiries nor any other investigation conducted by or on behalf of such Purchaser or its representatives or counsel shall modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the truth, accuracy and completeness of the Disclosure Materials and the Company’s representations and warranties contained in the Transaction Documents. Such Purchaser has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed decision with respect to its acquisition of the Shares.

          (h) Certain Trading Activities . Other than with respect to the transactions contemplated herein, since the time that such Purchaser was first contacted by the Company, the Placement Agent or any other Person regarding the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the Purchaser nor any Affiliate of such Purchaser which (x) had knowledge of the transactions contemplated hereby, (y) has or shares discretion relating to such Purchaser’s investments or trading or information concerning such Purchaser’s investments, including in respect of the Shares, and (z) is subject to such Purchaser’s review or input concerning such Affiliate’s investments or trading (collectively, “ Trading Affiliate s”) has directly or indirectly, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser or Trading Affiliate, effected or agreed to effect any purchases or sales of the securities of the Company (including, without

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limitation, any Short Sales involving the Company’s securities). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser and/or Trading Affiliate that is, individually or collectively, a multi-managed investment bank or vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s or Trading Affiliate’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s or Trading Affiliate’s assets, the representation set forth above shall apply only with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that have knowledge about the financing transaction contemplated by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect short sales or similar transactions in the future.

          (i) Brokers and Finders . No Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or any Purchaser for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Purchaser.

          (j) Independent Investment Decision . Such Purchaser has independently evaluated the merits of its decision to purchase Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser confirms that it has not relied on the advice of any other Purchaser’s business and/or legal counsel in making such decision. Such Purchaser understands that nothing in this Agreement or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser in connection with the purchase of the Shares constitutes legal, tax or investment advice. Such Purchaser has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors as it, in its sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in connection with its purchase of the Shares. Such Purchaser understands that the Placement Agent has acted solely as the agent of the Company in this placement of the Shares and such Purchaser has not relied on the business or legal advice of the Placement Agent or any of its agents, counsel or Affiliates in making its investment decision hereunder, and confirms that none of such Persons has made any representations or warranties to such Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

          (k) Reliance on Exemptions . Such Purchaser understands that the Shares being offered and sold to it in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of United States federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of, and such Purchaser’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgements and understandings of such Purchaser set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of such Purchaser to acquire the Shares.

          (l) No Governmental Review . Such Purchaser understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Shares or the fairness or suitability of the investment in the Shares nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Shares.

          (m) Regulation M . Such Purchaser is aware that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of Common Stock and other activities with respect to the Common Stock by the Purchasers.

          (n) Residency . Such Purchaser’s residence (if an individual) or offices in which its investment decision with respect to the Shares was made (if an entity) are located at the address immediately below such Purchaser’s name on its signature page hereto.

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The Company and each of the Purchasers acknowledge and agree that no party to this Agreement has made or makes any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in this Article III and the Transaction Documents.

ARTICLE IV.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

     4.1 Transfer Restrictions .

          (a) Compliance with Laws . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article IV , each Purchaser covenants that the Shares may be disposed of only pursuant to an effective registration statement under,


 
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