SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.1 SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT      This Securities Purchase Agreement (this " Agreement ") is dated as of December 17, 2008, by and among Ardea Biosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " Company "), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a " Purchaser " and collectively, the " Purchasers "). RECITALS           A. The Company and each Purchaser is executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Securities Act "), and Rule 506 of Regulation D (" Regulation D ") as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the " Commission ") under the Securities Act.           B. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, (i) that aggregate number of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the " Common Stock "), of the Company, set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement (which aggregate amount for all Purchasers together shall be 2,737,336 shares of Common Stock and shall be collectively referred to herein as the " Shares ") and warrants substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A to purchase that aggregate number of shares of Common Stock set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement (which aggregate number of warrants for all Purchasers together shall be warrants to purchase 684,332 shares of Common Stock and shall be collectively referred to herein as the "Warrants" ). The Shares and the Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the "Securities."           C. Contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the parties hereto are executing and delivering a Registration Rights Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the " Registration Rights Agreement ), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights with respect to the Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (the "Warrant Shares" ) under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and applicable state securities laws.      NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchasers hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS      1.1 Definitions . In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated in this Section 1.1:           " Action " means any action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding (including any partial proceeding such as a deposition) or investigation pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened in writing against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or any officer, director or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary acting in his or her capacity as an officer, director or employee before or by any federal, state, county, local or foreign court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency, regulatory authority, stock market, stock exchange or trading facility.

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          " Affiliate " means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144. With respect to a Purchaser, any investment fund or managed account that is managed on a discretionary basis by the same investment manager as such Purchaser will be deemed to be an Affiliate of such Purchaser.           " Agreement " shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.           " Business Day " means a day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, on which banks in New York City are open for the general transaction of business.           " Buy-In " has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f).           " Buy-In Price " has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f).           " Closing " means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement.            "Closing Bid Price" means, for any security as of any date, the last closing price for such security on the Principal Trading Market, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price then the last bid price of such security prior to 4:00 p.m., New York City Time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Trading Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the last closing price of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing do not apply, the last closing price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no closing bid price is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the "pink sheets" by Pink Sheets LLC (formerly the National Quotation Bureau, Inc.). If the Closing Bid Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Bid Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the holder. If the Company and the holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days submit via facsimile (a) the disputed determination to an independent, reputable investment bank selected by the Company and approved by the holder or (b) the disputed arithmetic calculation to the Company’s independent, outside accountant. The Company shall cause at its expense the investment bank or the accountant, as the case may be, to perform the determinations or calculations and notify the Company and the holder of the results no later than ten (10) Business Days from the time it receives the disputed determinations or calculations. Such investment bank’s or accountant’s determination or calculation, as the case may be, shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.           " Closing Date " means the Trading Day when all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all of the conditions set forth in Sections 2.1, 2.2, 5.1 and 5.2 hereof are satisfied, or such other date as the parties may agree.           " Commission " has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.           " Common Stock " has the meaning set forth in the Recitals, and also includes any securities into which the Common Stock may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

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          " Common Stock Equivalents " means any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock or other securities that entitle the holder to receive, directly or indirectly, Common Stock.           " Company Counsel " means Cooley Godward Kronish LLP.           " Company Deliverables " has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).           " Company’s Knowledge " means with respect to any statement made to the knowledge of the Company, that the statement is based upon the actual knowledge of the executive officers of the Company having responsibility for the matter or matters that are the subject of the statement.           " Control " (including the terms "controlling", "controlled by" or "under common control with") means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.           " Disclosure Materials " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h).           " Effective Date " means the date on which the initial Registration Statement required by Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement applicable to such Purchaser is first declared effective by the Commission.           " Environmental Laws " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(l).           " Exchange Act " means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.           " GAAP " means U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, as applied by the Company.           " Indemnified Person " has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8(b).           " Intellectual Property " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(r).           " Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions " means, with respect to the Company, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form of Exhibit E , executed by the Company and delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent.           " Lien " means any lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, security interest, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restrictions of any kind.           " Material Adverse Effect " means a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business or financial condition of the Company, except that any of the following, either alone or in combination, shall not be deemed a Material Adverse Effect: (i) effects caused by changes or circumstances affecting general market conditions in the U.S. economy or which are generally applicable to the industry in which the Company operates, (ii) effects resulting from or relating to the announcement or disclosure of the sale of the Securities or other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or (iii) effects caused by any event, occurrence or condition resulting from or relating to the taking of any action in accordance with this Agreement.

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          " Material Contract " means any contract of the Company that was filed as an exhibit to the SEC Reports pursuant to Item 601(b)(4) or Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K.           " Material Permits " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(p).           " New York Courts " means the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan.           " Outside Date " means the 30th day following the date of this Agreement.           " Person " means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company, joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically listed herein.           " Principal Trading Market " means the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date, shall be the NASDAQ Global Market.           " Proceeding " means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.           " Purchaser Deliverables " has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(b).           " Purchaser Party " has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8(a).           " Registration Rights Agreement " has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.           " Registration Statement " means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement applicable to such Purchaser and covering the resale by such Purchaser of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement).           " Required Approvals " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(e).           " Rule 144 " means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.           " SEC Report s" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h).           " Secretary’s Certificate " has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a)(vi).           " Securities Act " means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.           " Share Purchase Price " means $11.14 per share.           " Short Sales " include, without limitation, all "short sales" as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act, whether or not against the box, and all types of direct and indirect stock pledges, forward sale contracts, options, puts, calls, short sales, swaps, "put equivalent positions" (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act) and similar arrangements (including on a total return basis), and sales and other transactions through non-U.S. broker dealers or foreign regulated brokers.

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          " Subscription Amount " means with respect to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Shares and the Warrants purchased hereunder as indicated on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading "Aggregate Purchase Price (Subscription Amount)".           " Subsidiary " means any entity in which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns capital stock or holds an equity or similar interest.           " Trading Affiliate " has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(h).           " Trading Day " means (i) a day on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and traded on its Principal Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not quoted on any Trading Market, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported in the "pink sheets" by Pink Sheets LLC (or any similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices); provided , that in the event that the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in (i), (ii) and (iii) hereof, then Trading Day shall mean a Business Day.           " Trading Market " means whichever of the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Capital Market or the OTC Bulletin Board on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question.           " Transaction Documents " means this Agreement, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto, the Warrants, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.           " Transfer Agent " means Computershare Trust Company N.A., or any successor transfer agent for the Company. ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE      2.1 Closing .           (a) Amount . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing, the Company shall issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser shall, severally and not jointly, purchase from the Company, such number of (A) Shares equal to the quotient resulting from dividing (i) the Subscription Amount for such Purchaser by (ii) the sum of (y) the Share Purchase Price and (z) 0.03125, rounded down to the nearest whole Share and (B) Warrants to purchase such number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient resulting from muliplying (i) the number of Shares to be acquired by such Purchaser pursuant hereto, by (ii) 0.25, rounded down to the nearest whole Warrant Share.           (b) Closing . The Closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities shall take place at the offices of Cooley Godward Kronish LLP, 4401 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, California on the Closing Date or at such other locations or remotely by facsimile transmission or other electronic means as the parties may mutually agree.           (c) Form of Payment . On the Closing Date (i) each Purchaser that has agreed to wire funds directly to the Company shall wire such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount to the Company in accordance with the written directions from the Company, and (ii) the Company shall (A) deliver or cause to

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be delivered to each Purchaser a duly executed Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and (B) irrevocably instruct the Transfer Agent to deliver to each Purchaser one or more stock certificates, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing the number of Shares such Purchaser is purchasing as is set forth on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading "Number of Shares to be Acquired", within three (3) Business Days after the Closing, duly executed on behalf of the Company and registered in the name of such Purchaser.      2.2 Closing Deliveries .           (a) On or prior to the Closing, the Company shall issue, deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following (the " Company Deliverables "):                (i) this Agreement, duly executed by the Company;                (ii) facsimile copies of one or more stock certificates, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing the Shares subscribed for by Purchaser hereunder, registered in the name of such Purchaser as set forth on the Stock Certificate Questionnaire included as Exhibit C-2 hereto (the " Stock Certificates "), with the original Stock Certificates sent within three (3) Business Days of Closing;                (iii) a Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement, duly executed by the Company;                (iv) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, dated as of the Closing Date and in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D , executed by such counsel and addressed to the Purchasers;                (v) the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by the Company;                (vi) duly executed Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent;                (vii) a certificate of the Secretary of the Company (the " Secretary’s Certificate "), dated as of the Closing Date, certifying (a) the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof approving the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the issuance of the Securities, (b) the current versions of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Company, each as amended, and (c) as to the signatures and authority of persons signing the Transaction Documents and related documents on behalf of the Company, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F ;                (viii) the Compliance Certificate referred to in Section 5.1(g);                (ix) a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company in its jurisdiction of formation issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of such jurisdiction, as of a date within five (5) Business Days of the Closing Date;                (x) a certificate evidencing the Company’s qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State of the State of California, as of a date within ten (10) Business Days of the Closing Date; and

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               (xi) a certified copy of the certificate of incorporation, as certified by the Secretary of State of the State (or comparable office) of the Company’s jurisdiction of formation, as of a date within ten (10) Business Days of the Closing Date.           (b) On or prior to the Closing, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following (the " Purchaser Deliverables "):                (i) this Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;                (ii) its Subscription Amount, in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, in the amount set forth as the "Purchase Price" indicated below such Purchaser’s name on the applicable signature page hereto under the heading "Aggregate Purchase Price (Subscription Amount)" by wire transfer to the escrow account set forth on Exhibit H attached hereto or to the account of the Company pursuant to Section 2.1(c);                (iii) the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;                (iv) a fully completed and duly executed Selling Stockholder Questionnaire in the form attached as Annex B to the Registration Rights Agreement; and                (v) a fully completed and duly executed Accredited Investor Questionnaire, reasonably satisfactory to the Company, and Stock Certificate Questionnaire in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits B-1 and B-2 , respectively. ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES      3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company . The Company hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and the Closing Date (except for the representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be made as of such date), to each of the Purchasers that, except as set forth in the Schedules delivered herewith or disclosed in the SEC Reports:           (a) Subsidiaries . The Company has no direct or indirect Subsidiaries other than those listed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto, the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or comparable equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any and all Liens which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or comparable equity interest of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.           (b) Organization and Qualification . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (as applicable), with the requisite corporate power and authority to own or lease and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

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          (c) Authorization; Enforcement; Validity . The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The Company’s execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, but not limited to, the sale and delivery of the Securities and the reservation for issuance and the subsequent issuance of the Warrant Shares) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, and no further corporate action is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders in connection therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and is, or when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general , (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law. Except for Material Contracts and as set forth on Schedule 3.1(c) hereto, there are no stockholder agreements, voting agreements, or other similar arrangements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the Company’s Knowledge, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.           (d) No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Securities and the Warrant Shares) do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provisions of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or otherwise result in a violation of the organizational documents of the Company, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would result in a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any Material Contract, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations, assuming the correctness of the representations and warranties made by the Purchasers herein, of any self-regulatory organization to which the Company or its securities are subject, including all applicable Trading Markets), or by which any property or asset of the Company is bound or affected, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) such as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.           (e) Filings, Consents and Approvals . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents (including the issuance of the Securities and the Warrant Shares), other than (i) the filing with the Commission of one or more Registration Statements in accordance with the requirements of the Registration Rights Agreement, (ii) filings required by applicable state securities laws, (iii) the filing of a Notice of Sale of Securities on Form D with the Commission under Regulation D of the Securities Act, (iv) the filing of any requisite notices and/or application(s) to the Principal Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Common Stock and the listing of the Common Stock for trading or quotation, as the case may be, thereon in the time and manner required thereby, (v) the filings required in accordance with Section 4.7 of this Agreement and (vi) those that have been made or obtained prior to the date of this Agreement (collectively, the " Required Approvals ").

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          (f) Issuance of the Shares and the Warrant Shares . The Shares and the Warrant Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in this Agreement, the Shares, Warrants and the Warrant Shares will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. The Warrants have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights of stockholders. As of the Closing Date, the Company shall have reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth in the Warrants). The Company shall, so long as any of the Warrants are outstanding, take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued capital stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the Warrants, 100% of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.           (g) Capitalization . The number of shares and type of all authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock, options and other securities of the Company (whether or not presently convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company) has been set forth in the SEC Reports and has changed since the date of such SEC Reports only due to stock grants or other equity awards or stock option and warrant exercises that do not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material effect on the issued and outstanding capital stock, options and other securities. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in compliance in all material respects with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase any capital stock of the Company. Except as specified in the SEC Reports: (i) no shares of the Company’s outstanding capital stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights; (ii) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of capital stock of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company, other than those issued or granted pursuant to Material Contracts or equity or incentive plans or arrangements described in the SEC Reports; (iii) there are no material outstanding debt securities, notes, credit agreements, credit facilities or other agreements, documents or instruments evidencing indebtedness of the Company or by which the Company is bound; (iv) to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no financing statements securing obligations in any material amounts, either singly or in the aggregate, filed in connection with the Company; (v) there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company is obligated to register the sale of any of their securities under the Securities Act (except the Registration Rights Agreement); (vi) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company; (vii) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Shares; (viii) the Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or "phantom stock" plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement; and (ix) the Company has no liabilities or obligations required to be disclosed in the SEC Reports but not so disclosed in the SEC Reports, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s businesses and which, individually or in the aggregate, do not or would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

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          (h) SEC Reports . The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the twelve months preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the " SEC Reports " and together with this Agreement and the Schedules to this Agreement (if any), the " Disclosure Materials "), on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective filing dates, or to the extent corrected by a subsequent restatement, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.           (i) Financial Statements . The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing (or to the extent corrected by a subsequent restatement). Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved, except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, year-end audit adjustments.           (j) Tax Matters . The Company (i) has prepared and filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith, with respect to which adequate reserves have been set aside on the books of the Company and (iii) has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) above, where the failure to so pay or file any such tax, assessment, charge or return would not have a Material Adverse Effect.           (k) Material Changes . Since the date of the latest financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in the SEC Reports or as set forth in Schedule 3.1(k) hereto, (i) there have been no events, occurrences or developments that have had or would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any material liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables, accrued expenses and other liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or required to be disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered materially its method of accounting or the manner in which it keeps its accounting books and records, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock (other than in connection with repurchases of unvested stock issued to employees of the Company), (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except Common Stock issued in the ordinary course as dividends on outstanding preferred stock or issued pursuant to existing Company stock option or stock purchase plans or executive and director corporate arrangements disclosed in the SEC Reports and (vi) there has not been any material change or amendment to, or any waiver of any material right

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by the Company under, any Material Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or subject. Except for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth in Schedule 3.1(k) hereto, no event, liability or development has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective business, properties, operations or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.           (l) Environmental Matters . To the Company’s Knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is in violation of any statute, rule, regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, " Environmental Laws "), (ii) owns or operates any real property contaminated with any substance that is in violation of any Environmental Laws, (iii) is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any Environmental Laws, or (iv) is subject to any claim relating to any Environmental Laws; which violation, contamination, liability or claim has had or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened investigation that might lead to such a claim.           (m) Litigation . To the Company’s Knowledge, there is no Action which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) except as specifically disclosed in the SEC Reports, could, if there were an unfavorable decision, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the Company’s Knowledge any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the Company’s Knowledge there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.           (n) Employment Matters . No material labor dispute exists or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company which would have a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and each Subsidiary believes that its relationship with its employees is good. No executive officer of the Company (as defined in Rule 501(f) of the 1933 Act) has notified the Company that such officer intends to leave the Company or otherwise terminate such officer’s employment with the Company. To the Company’s Knowledge, it is in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.           (o) Compliance . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under), nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received written notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any Material Contract (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any order of which the Company has been made aware in writing of any court, arbitrator or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company or its properties or assets, or (iii) is in violation of, or in receipt of written notice that it is in violation of, any statute, rule or regulation of any governmental authority applicable to the Company, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

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          (p) Regulatory Permits . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess or have applied for all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct its respective businesses as currently conducted and as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits, individually or in the aggregate, has not and would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect (" Material Permits "), and (i) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice in writing of proceedings relating to the revocation or material adverse modification of any such Material Permits and (ii) the Company is unaware of any facts or circumstances that would give rise to the revocation or material adverse modification of any Material Permits.           (q) Title to Assets . The Company and its Subsidiaries do not own any real property. The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all tangible personal property owned by them which is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as whole, in each case free and clear of all Liens except such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its Subsidiaries.           (r) Patents and Trademarks . To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries own, possess, license or have other rights to use all foreign and domestic patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, inventions, trade secrets, technology, Internet domain names, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the " Intellectual Property ") necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as now conducted or as proposed to be conducted. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports and except where such violations or infringements would not have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, (i) to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property; (ii) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (iii) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights in or to any such Intellectual Property; (iv) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property; and (v) to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company and/or any Subsidiary infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others.           (s) Insurance . The Company and each of the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses and locations in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of cancellation of any such insurance, nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, will it or any Subsidiary be unable to renew their respective existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business.           (t) Transactions With Affiliates and Employees . Except as set forth in the SEC Reports and other than the grant of stock options or other equity awards that are not individually or in the aggregate material in amount, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the employees of the Company, is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary or to a presently contemplated transaction (other than for services as employees, officers and

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directors) that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act.           (u) Internal Accounting Controls . The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset and liability accountability, (iii) access to assets or incurrence of liabilities is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities at reasonable intervals and in the Company’s good faith judgment appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Since the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.           (v) Sarbanes-Oxley; Disclosure Controls . To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company is in compliance in all material respects with all of the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which are applicable to it, except where such noncompliance would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act).           (w) Certain Fees . No person or entity will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or a Purchaser for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Company with respect to the offer and sale of the Securities or the Warrant Shares. The Company shall indemnify, pay, and hold each Purchaser harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such right, interest or claim.           (x) Private Placement . Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2 of this Agreement and the accuracy of the information disclosed in the Accredited Investor Questionnaires, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities or the Warrant Shares by the Company to the Purchasers under the Transaction Documents.           (y) Registration Rights . Other than as set forth in the SEC Reports and other than each of the Purchasers or as set forth in Schedule 3.1(y) hereto, no Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company other than those securities which are currently registered on an effective registration statement on file with the Commission.           (z) No Integrated Offering . Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, none of the Company, its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of its Affiliates or any Person acting on its behalf has, directly or indirectly, at any time within the past six months, made any offers or sales of any Company security or solicited any offers to buy any security under circumstances that would (i) eliminate the availability of the exemption from registration under Regulation D under the Securities Act in connection with the offer and sale by the Company of the Securities as contemplated hereby or (ii) cause the offering of the Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable law, regulation or stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated. Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising.

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          (aa) Listing and Maintenance Requirements . The Company’s Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to terminate the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the twelve (12) months preceding the date hereof, received written notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the listing and maintenance requirements for continued trading of the Common Stock on the Principal Trading Market.           (bb) Investment Company . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is required to be registered as, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately following the Closing will not be required to register as, an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.           (cc) Questionable Payments . To the Company’s Knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any directors, officers, employees, agents or other Persons acting at the direction of the Company has, in the course of its actions for, or on behalf of, the Company: (i) directly or indirectly, used any material corporate funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to foreign or domestic political activity; (ii) made any material direct or indirect unlawful payments to any foreign or domestic governmental officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds; (iii) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or (iv) made any other material unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other material unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee.           (dd) Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreements . The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s charter documents or the laws of its state of incorporation that is applicable to any of the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities. The Company has not adopted a stockholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations of beneficial ownership of Common Stock or a change in control of the Company.           (ee) Disclosure . To the Company’s Knowledge, no event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, operations or financial conditions, which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed (assuming for this purpose that the Company’s reports filed under the Exchange Act are being incorporated into an effective registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities Act), except for the announcement of this Agreement and related transactions and as may be disclosed on the Form 8-K filed pursuant to Section 4.6.           (ff) Off Balance Sheet Arrangements . There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company (or any Subsidiary) and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in its Exchange Act filings and is not so disclosed and would have a Material Adverse Effect.

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          (gg) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities . The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities.           (hh) Regulation M Compliance . In the last thirty (30) calendar days, the Company has not, and to the Company’s Knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the securities of the Company or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.           (ii) OFAC . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee, Affiliate or Person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (" OFAC "); and the Company will not knowingly directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the sale of the Securities, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person or entity, towards any sales or operations in Cuba, Iran, Syria, Sudan, Myanmar or any other country sanctioned by OFAC or for the purpose of financing the activities of any Person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.           (jj) Money Laundering Laws . To the Company’s Knowledge, the operations of each of the Company and any Subsidiary are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with the money laundering statutes of applicable jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any applicable governmental agency (collectively, the " Money Laundering Laws ") and to the Company’s Knowledge, no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company and/or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or threatened.           (kk) FDA . To the Company’s Knowledge, there is no pending, completed or threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (" FDA ") or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any product subject to the jurisdiction of the FDA under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a " Pharmaceutical Product "), (ii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (v) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not been informed in writing by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company.

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          (ll) No Additional Agreements . The Company does not have any agreement or understanding with any Purchaser with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than as specified in the Transaction Documents.      3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers . Each Purchaser hereby, for itself and for no other Purchaser, represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows:           (a) Organization; Authority . Such Purchaser is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite corporate or partnership power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the applicable Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution, delivery and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or, if such Purchaser is not a corporation, such partnership, limited liability company or other applicable like action, on the part of such Purchaser. Each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement applicable to such Purchaser has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such