Exhibit 1.1
PLACEMENT AGENCY
AGREEMENT
September 18, 2009
Next Generation Equity Research,
LLC
1 East Wacker Drive,
Suite 2920
Chicago, IL 60601
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Northern Technologies International
Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ NTIC ” or
the “ Company ”), proposes, subject to the terms
and conditions herein, to issue and sell an aggregate of up to
$3,552,000 in shares (the “ Shares ”) of its
common stock, $0.02 par value per share (the “ Common
Stock ”) under the form of subscription agreement
attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “
Subscription Agreement ”), directly to various
institutional investors (collectively, the “ Investors
”).
The Company hereby confirms its
agreement with Next Generation Equity Research, LLC (the “
Placement Agent ”) as follows:
Section 1.
Agreement to Act as Placement
Agent .
(a)
On the basis of the representations,
warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained, and
subject to all the terms and conditions of this Agreement between
the Company and the Placement Agent, the Placement Agent shall be
the Company’s exclusive placement agent, on a reasonable best
efforts basis, in connection with the issuance and sale by the
Company of the Shares in the proposed takedown from a shelf
registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration Statement
No. 333-153891) (the “ Registration Statement
”), with the terms of such takedown to be subject to market
conditions and negotiations between the Company, the Placement
Agent and the prospective Investors (such takedown shall be
referred to herein as the “ Offering ”).
As compensation for services rendered, and provided that any of the
Shares are sold to Investors in the Offering, on the Closing Date
(as defined below) of the Offering, the Company shall pay to the
Placement Agent an amount equal to (a) six and one-half
percent (6½%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company
from the sale of the Shares in the Offering; and (b) all the
Placement Agent’s reasonable out-of-pocket, legal and other
expenses (with supporting invoices and receipts) up to a maximum of
$65,000.
This Agreement shall not give rise
to any commitment by the Placement Agent to purchase any of the
Shares, or an obligation for the Company to issue any Shares or
complete the Offering. The Placement Agent shall have no
authority to bind the Company. The Placement Agent shall act
on a reasonable best efforts basis to solicit offers to purchase
the Shares and to procure performance by the Investors in the
purchase of the Shares; provided, however that the Placement
Agent does not guarantee that it will be able to raise new capital
in the prospective Offering. The Placement Agent shall
communicate to the Company, orally or in writing, each reasonable
offer to purchase Shares received by it as agent of the
Company. The Company shall have the sole right to accept
offers to purchase the Shares and may reject any such offer, in
whole or in part. The Company acknowledges that any advice given by
the Placement Agent to the Company is solely for the benefit and
use of the Board of Directors of the Company and may not be used,
reproduced, disseminated, quoted or referred to, without the
Placement Agent’s prior written consent. The Placement
Agent may, with the prior written consent of the Company, retain
other brokers or dealers to act as sub agents on its behalf in
connection with any Offering.
(b)
The term of the Placement
Agent’s exclusive engagement will be six months; however, the
Company may terminate the engagement at any time and for any reason
upon 5 days written notice to the Placement Agent. Upon
termination, the Placement Agent will be entitled to collect all
fees earned pursuant to the terms hereof and, to the extent
provided herein, to be reimbursed for all expenses incurred through
the date of termination. Nothing in this Agreement shall be
construed to limit the ability of the Placement Agent or its
affiliates to pursue, investigate, analyze, invest in, or engage in
investment banking, financial advisory or any other business
relationship with entities or persons other than the
Company.
Section 2.
Representations, Warranties and
Agreements of the Company .
Except as set forth in the
Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus
Supplement, the Company hereby represents, warrants and covenants
to the Placement Agent as of the date hereof, and as of the Closing
Date of the Offering, as follows:
(a)
Securities Law Filings
. The Company has filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “
Commission ”) the Registration Statement (as defined
below), which became effective on January 16, 2009, for the
registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“ Act ”), of the Shares. On the date of
the filing of the Registration Statement and the date on which the
Registration Statement became effective, the Company met the
requirements for use of Form S-3 under the Act. Such
registration statement meets the requirements set forth in
Rule 415(a)(1)(x) under the Act and complies in all other
material respects with said Rule. The Company will file with
the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act and
the rules and regulations thereunder a supplement to the form
of prospectus included in such registration statement relating to a
placement of the Shares and the plan of distribution thereof and
the Company has advised the Placement Agent of all further material
information (financial and other) with respect to the Company to be
set forth therein. Such registration statement, including the
exhibits thereto, as amended at the date of this Agreement, is
hereinafter called the “ Registration Statement
”; such prospectus, in the form in which it appears in the
Registration Statement, is hereinafter called the “ Base
Prospectus ”; and the supplemented form of prospectus, in
the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to
Rule 424(b), is hereinafter called a “ Prospectus
Supplement .” Any reference herein to the
Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus
Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents
incorporated by reference therein (the “ Incorporated
Documents ”) pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 which
were filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the “ Exchange Act ”), on or before the date of
this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or
Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be; and any reference herein
to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or
“supplement” with respect to the Registration
Statement, the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus Supplement shall
be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under
the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement and prior to the
time of the Closing (as defined below), or the issue date of the
Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be,
deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. All
references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules
and other information which is “contained,”
“included” or “stated” in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus Supplement (and all other references of
like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial
statements and schedules and other information which is or is
deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may
be.
(b)
No Stop Order
. No stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Base
Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement has been issued, and no
proceeding for any such purpose is pending or has been initiated
or, to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened by the
Commission.
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(c)
Compliance with Applicable
Regulations . The
Registration Statement (and any further documents to be filed with
the Commission in connection with the Offering) contains or will
contain, as applicable, all exhibits and schedules as required by
the Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any
post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became or becomes
effective, complied in all material respects with the Act and the
Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Commission thereunder and did not and, as amended or supplemented,
if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
Each of the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, as of
its respective date, complied in all material respects with the Act
and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations
of the Commission thereunder. Each of the Base Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement, as amended or supplemented, did not and
will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated
Documents, when they were filed with the Commission conformed in
all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and
the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder, and none of such documents, when they were filed with
the Commission, when read together with the other information in
the Registration Statement, contained any untrue statement of a
material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make
the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading; and any further documents so filed
and incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus
Supplement prior to the Closing, when such documents are filed with
the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the
requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder, as applicable, and when
read together with the other information in the Registration
Statement, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not misleading. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company
makes no representations or warranties as to the information
contained in or omitted from the Prospectus Supplement or any
amendment thereof or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in
conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by
or on behalf of the Placement Agent specifically for use in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus Supplement . No
post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement reflecting
any facts or events arising after the effective date thereof which
represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental change
in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with
the Commission.
(d)
No Offers.
Prior to the execution of this
Agreement, the Company has not, directly or indirectly, offered or
sold any Shares by means of any “prospectus” (within
the meaning of the Act) or used any “prospectus”
(within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or
sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Base Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement (if the parties utilize the Base
Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement at or prior to the time of
receipt and acceptance by the Company of an executed Subscription
Agreement); the Company has not, directly or indirectly, prepared,
used or referred to any free writing prospectus (as defined in
Rule 405 under the Act) except in compliance with
Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; assuming that such free
writing prospectus is so sent or given after the Registration
Statement was filed with the Commission (and after such free
writing prospectus was, if required pursuant to
Rule 433(d) under the Act, filed with the Commission),
and the Registration Statement includes a prospectus that, other
than by reason of Rule 433 or Rule 431 under the Act,
satisfies the requirements of Section 10 of the Act; the
parties hereto agree and understand that the content of any and all
“road shows” (as defined in Rule 433 under the
Act) related to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby is
solely the property of the Company.
(e)
Reports and Documents,
etc . There are no
documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection
with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not
been filed as required pursuant to the Act or (y) will not be
filed within the requisite time period. There are no
material
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contracts or other documents
required to be described in the Prospectus Supplement, or to be
filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which
have not been described or filed as required.
(f)
Offering Materials Furnished to
the Placement Agent . The Company has delivered, or upon
request will as promptly as practicable deliver, to the Placement
Agent complete conformed copies of the Registration Statement and
of each consent and certificate of experts, as applicable, filed as
a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement
(without exhibits) and the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at
such places as the Placement Agent reasonably requests.
(g)
Distribution of Offering
Material . The
Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the
Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering
and sale of the Shares other than the Base Prospectus and the
Prospectus Supplement or the Registration Statement and copies of
the documents incorporated by reference therein. For the
avoidance of doubt, any other material prepared and distributed
solely by the Placement Agent is not deemed to be distributed by
the Company for purposes of this paragraph (g).
(h)
The Placement Agency
Agreement . This
Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and
is a valid and binding agreement of, the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as rights
to indemnification and contribution hereunder may be limited by
applicable law and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other
similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of
creditors or by general equitable principles.
(i)
Authorization of the
Shares . The Shares
have been duly authorized for issuance and sale, and the Shares,
when issued and delivered by the Company to the Investors against
payment therefor pursuant to this Agreement and the terms of the
Subscription Agreements, will be validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable.
(j)
No Material Adverse
Change . Subsequent
to the respective dates as of which information is given in the
Base Prospectus and in any Prospectus Supplement:
(i) there has been no material adverse change or effect, or
any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a
material adverse change or effect, in the condition, financial or
otherwise, or in the business, operations or prospects of the
Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) taken as a whole
(any such change or effect, where the context so requires, is
called a “ Material Adverse Change ” or a
“ Material Adverse Effect ”); (ii) the
Company and the Subsidiaries have not incurred any material
liability or obligation, indirect, direct or contingent, not in the
ordinary course of business nor entered into any material
transaction or agreement not in the ordinary course of business;
and (iii) there has been no dividend or distribution of any
kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital
stock or repurchase or redemption by the Company of any class of
capital stock.
(k)
No Default.
Neither the Company nor the
Subsidiaries is in breach or violation of or in default under (nor
has any event occurred which, with notice, lapse of time or both,
would result in any breach or violation of, constitute a default
under or give the holder of any indebtedness (or a person acting on
such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase,
redemption or repayment of all or a part of such indebtedness
under) (A) its charter or bylaws or other organizational or
charter documents, or (B) any indenture, mortgage, deed of
trust, bank loan or credit agreement or other evidence of
indebtedness, or any license, lease, contract or other agreement or
instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its
properties may be bound or affected, or (C) any federal,
state, local or foreign law, regulation or rule, or (D) any
rule or regulation of any self-regulatory organization or
other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without
limitation, the rules and regulations of NASDAQ), or
(E) any
4
decree, judgment or order applicable
to it or any of its properties, except, with respect to clauses
(B), (C), (D) or (E), for such breaches, violations, defaults
and events as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect;
(l)
No Conflict.
The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement by the Company, the issuance and sale
of the Shares and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby will not conflict with, result in any breach or violation of
or constitute a default under (nor constitute any event which, with
notice, lapse of time or both, would result in any breach or
violation of, constitute a default under or give the holder of any
indebtedness (or a person acting on such holder’s behalf) the
right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or
a part of such indebtedness under) (or result in the creation or
imposition of a lien, charge or encumbrance on any property or
assets of the Company or the Subsidiaries pursuant to) (A) the
charter or bylaws or other organizational or charter documents of
the Company or the Subsidiaries (B) any indenture, mortgage,
deed of trust, bank loan or credit agreement or other evidence of
indebtedness, or any license, lease, contract or other agreement or
instrument to which the Company or the Subsidiaries is a party or
by which any of them or any of their respective properties may be
bound or affected, or (C) any federal, state, local or foreign
law, regulation or rule, or (D) any rule or regulation of
any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental
regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the
rules and regulations of NASDAQ), or (E) any decree,
judgment or order applicable to the Company or the Subsidiaries or
any of their respective properties, except, with respect to clause
(B), (C), (D) or (E) for such conflicts, breaches,
violations, defaults and events as would not, individually or in
the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(m)
Independent
Accountants . Baker
Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP, which has expressed its opinion with
respect to the Company’s audited financial statements (which
term as used in this Agreement includes the related notes and
schedules thereto) for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2008
and supporting schedules filed with the Commission as a part of the
Registration Statement and incorporated by reference in the
Prospectus Supplement, is an independent registered public
accounting firm as required by the Act and the Exchange
Act.
(n)
Preparation of the Financial
Statements . The
financial statements filed with the Commission as a part of the
Registration Statement or included or incorporated by reference in
the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement present fairly in all
material respects the financial position of the Company and its
consolidated subsidiaries as of and at the dates thereof and the
results of their operations and cash flows for the periods
specified therein, subject in the case of anaudited statements to
normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments. The
supporting exhibits and schedules included in the Registration
Statement, if any, present fairly in all material respects the
information required to be stated therein subject to the normal
year-end adjustments which are not expected to be material in
amount. Such financial statements and supporting schedules,
if any, have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles as applied in the United States (“
GAAP ”), as applicable, applied on a consistent basis
throughout the periods involved, except as may be otherwise stated
in the related notes thereto and except that unaudited financial
statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP comply in
all material respects with the Act, the Exchange Act and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder. No other financial statements or supporting
schedules or exhibits are required by the Act or the rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder to be included in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus Supplement.
(o)
Incorporation and Good
Standing . Each of
the Company and each of the Company’s majority-owned
subsidiaries that is considered a “significant
subsidiary” within the meaning of Rule 1-02(w) of
Regulation S-X (collectively, the “ Subsidiaries
”) has been duly organized and is validly existing and, as
applicable, is in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization
5
(as applicable) with requisite power
and authority to own its properties and other assets and conduct
its business as described in the Prospectus Supplement, and is duly
qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation or
other entity and, as applicable, is in good standing under the laws
of each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted
or property owned by it requires such qualification or license,
except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing
would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
(p)
Capitalization and Other Capital
Stock Matters . The
authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is
as set forth in the Registration Statement and in each Prospectus
Supplement (other than for issuances after the dates thereof, if
any, pursuant to employee benefit plans described in any Prospectus
Supplement or upon exercise of outstanding options or warrants
described in any Prospectus Supplement). The Shares conform
in all material respects to the description thereof contained in
the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement. As of
September 15, 2009, there were 3,759,180 shares of Common
Stock outstanding. Since September 15, 2009, the Company
has not issued any securities other than (i) Common Stock of
the Company pursuant to the exercise of previously outstanding
options in connection with the Company’s employee stock
purchase, stock option and stock incentive plans (the “
Plans ”), outstanding warrants and other outstanding
obligations, and (ii) options granted pursuant to the Plans in
the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, in
each case as disclosed in the Base Prospectus and each Prospectus
Supplement. All the issued and outstanding shares of the
capital stock of the Company and the Subsidiaries have been duly
authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and
have been issued in compliance, in all material respects, with
federal and state securities laws, as applicable. Except as
set forth in the Base Prospectus and each Prospectus Supplement,
all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Subsidiaries
are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company. None of
the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company or any
Subsidiary were issued in violation of any preemptive rights,
rights of first refusal or other similar rights to subscribe for or
purchase securities. There are no authorized or outstanding
options, warrants, preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or
other rights to purchase, or equity or debt securities convertible
into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any capital stock of the
Company or any Subsidiary other than those described in the Base
Prospectus and each Prospectus Supplement. The description of
the Company’s stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans
or arrangements, and the options, warrants or other rights granted
thereunder, set forth in the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement accurately and fairly presents the information required
by the Act to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements,
options and rights. Except as set forth in the Base
Prospectus or in any Prospectus Supplement, the Company does not
have any subsidiaries or own directly or indirectly any of the
capital stock or other equity or long-term debt securities or have
any equity interest in any other person.
(q)
Stock Exchange Listing
. The Common Stock is
registered under the Exchange Act and is listed on the NASDAQ
Global Market (“ NASDAQ ”), and the Company has
taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of
terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange
Act or suspending from trading the Common Stock from NASDAQ, nor
has the Company received any information suggesting that the
Commission or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“
FINRA ”) is contemplating terminating or suspending
such registration or quotation.
(r)
No Transfer Taxes or Other
Fees . There are no
transfer taxes or other similar fees or charges under United States
law or the laws of any state or any political subdivision thereof,
required to be paid in connection with the execution and delivery
of this Agreement or the issuance and sale by the Company of the
Shares.
(s)
No Price Stabilization or
Manipulation . The
Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to
cause or result in
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stabilization or manipulation of the
price of the Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the
Shares.
(t)
FINRA Matters.
The Company has filed and cleared
with FINRA the Base Prospectus included within the Registration
Statement.
(u)
NASDAQ
Notifications. Since August 31, 2008, the Company has not
received any notice from NASDAQ regarding the delisting of the
Common Stock from NASDAQ.
(v)
No FINRA
Affiliations. To
the Company’s knowledge, there are no affiliations or
associations between (i) any member of FINRA and (ii) the
Company or any of the Company’s officers, directors or 5% or
greater security holders or any beneficial owner of the
Company’s unregistered equity securities that were acquired
at any time on or after the 180th day immediately preceding the
date the Registration Statement was initially filed with the
Commission, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the
Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement.
(w)
No Unlawful
Influence. The
Company has not offered, or caused any Placement Agent to offer,
Shares to any person with the intent to influence unlawfully
(A) a customer or supplier of the Company or the Subsidiaries
to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or type of
business with the Company or the Subsidiaries or (B) a trade
journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information
about the Company or the Subsidiaries or any of their respective
products or services.
(x)
Blue Sky. The Shares have been or will be qualified
for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions (United
States and foreign) as the Placement Agent and the Investors
determine, or are or will be exempt from the qualification and
broker-dealer requirements of such jurisdictions.
(y)
Officer’s
Certificate. Any
certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to
the Placement Agent in connection herewith or in connection with
the Offering shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by
the Company to the Placement Agent as to the matters set forth
therein.
(z)
Intellectual
Property. Except as
described in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement, the Company and the Subsidiaries own, or
have obtained valid and enforceable licenses for, or other rights
to use, the inventions, patent applications, patents, trademarks
(both registered and unregistered), trade names, service names,
copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary information
described in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the
Prospectus Supplement as being owned or licensed by them or which
are necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as
currently conducted or as proposed (in the Registration Statement,
the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement) to be conducted
(including the commercialization of products or services described
in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the
Prospectus Supplement), except where the failure to own, license or
have such rights would not, individually or in the aggregate, have
a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, “ Intellectual
Property ”). Except as described in the
Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement, (i) there are no third parties who have or, to the
Company’s knowledge, will be able to establish rights to any
Intellectual Property, except for, and to the extent of, the
ownership rights of the owners of the Intellectual Property which
the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus
Supplement disclose is licensed to the Company; (ii) to the
Company’s knowledge, there is no infringement by third
parties of any Intellectual Property; (iii) there is no
pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action,
suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company’s
rights in or to any Intellectual Property; (iv) there is no
pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action,
suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity,
enforceability or scope of any Intellectual Property;
(v) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge,
threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the
Company or the Subsidiaries
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infringes or otherwise violates, or
would, upon the commercialization of any product or service
described in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, or
the Prospectus Supplement, infringe or violate, any patent,
trademark, trade name, service name, copyright, trade secret or
other proprietary rights of others; (vi) the Company and the
Subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each agreement
pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the
Company or the Subsidiaries (except where the failure to so comply
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect), and all such agreements are in full force and
effect; (vii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no
patent or patent application that contains claims that interfere
with the issued or pending claims of any of the Intellectual
Property or that challenges the validity, enforceability or scope
of any of the Intellectual Property; (viii) to the
Company’s knowledge, there is no prior art that may render
any patent application within the Intellectual Property
unpatentable that has not been disclosed to the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office; and (ix) the manufacture, use or sale of the
product candidates described in the Registration Statement, the
Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus Supplement as under development
by the Company or the Subsidiaries falls or would fall within the
scope of one or more claims of one or more patents or patent
applications owned by, or exclusively licensed to, the Company or
the Subsidiaries, except with respect to each of the clauses
(i) through (ix) above, for such events as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect.
(aa)
Title.
The Company and the Subsidiaries
have good and marketable title to all property (real and personal)
described in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement as being owned by any of them, free and
clear of all liens, claims, security interests or other
encumbrances, except to the extent such liens, claims, security
interests or other encumbrances are disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement; all
the property described in the Registration Statement, the Base
Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement as being held under lease
by the Company or the Subsidiaries is held thereby under valid,
subsisting and enforceable leases.
(bb)
Environmental.
The Company and the Subsidiaries and
their respective properties, assets and operations are in
compliance with, and the Company and the Subsidiaries hold all
permits, authorizations and approvals required under, Environmental
Laws (as defined below), except to the extent that failure to so
comply or to hold such permits, authorizations or approvals would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect; there are no past, present or, to the Company’s
knowledge, reasonably anticipated future events, conditions,
circumstances, activities, practices, actions, omissions or plans
that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any material
costs or liabilities to the Company or the Subsidiaries under, or
to interfere with or prevent compliance by the Company or the
Subsidiaries with, Environmental Laws; except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect,
neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries (i) is the subject of
any investigation, (ii) has received any notice or claim,
(iii) is a party to or affected by any pending or, to the
Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit or proceeding,
(iv) is bound by any judgment, decree or order or (v) has
entered into any agreement, in each case relating to any alleged
violation of any Environmental Law or any actual or alleged release
or threatened release or cleanup at any location of any Hazardous
Materials (as defined below) (as used herein, “
Environmental Law ” means any federal, state, local or
foreign law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, decree,
judgment, injunction, permit, license, authorization or other
binding requirement, or common law, relating to health, safety or
the protection, cleanup or restoration of the environment or
natural resources, including those relating to the distribution,
processing, generation, treatment, storage, disposal,
transportation, other handling or release or threatened release of
Hazardous Materials, and “ Hazardous Materials ”
means any material (including, without limitation, pollutants,
contaminants, hazardous or toxic substances or wastes) that is
regulated by or may give rise to liability under any Environmental
Law).
8
(cc)
Review of Environmental
Laws. The Company
and the Subsidiaries periodically review the effect of the
Environmental Laws on their respective businesses, operations and
properties, in the course of which they identify and evaluate
associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation,
any capital or operating expenditures required for cleanup, closure
of properties or compliance with the Environmental Laws or any
permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating
activities and any potential liabilities to third
parties).
(dd)
Labor Practice.
Neither the Company nor the
Subsidiaries is engaged in any unfair labor practice; except for
matters which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. Except for matters which would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect,
(i) there is no (A) unfair labor practice complaint
pending or, to the Company&rsqu