PLACEMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT

PIPER JAFFRAY & CO.

U.S. Bancorp Center

800 Nicollet Mall

Minneapolis, Minnesota  55402

(a)           The Company hereby engages the Placement Agent, as agent of the Company, to, on commercially reasonable efforts basis, solicit offers to purchase Securities from the Company on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Prospectus (as defined below). The Placement Agent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to assist the Company in obtaining performance by each Investor whose offer to purchase the Securities was solicited by such Placement Agent and accepted by the Company, but the Placement Agent shall not, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, have any liability to the Company in the event any such purchase is not consummated for any reason. Under no circumstances will the Placement Agent or any of its affiliates be obligated to underwrite or purchase any of the Securities for its own account or otherwise provide any financing.  The Placement Agent shall act solely as the Company’s agent and not as principal. The Placement Agent shall have no authority to bind the Company with respect to any prospective offer to purchase Securities and the Company shall

have the sole right to accept offers to purchase Securities and may reject any such offer, in whole or in part. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that the Placement Agent (or its affiliates) may, solely in its discretion and without any obligation to do so, purchase Securities as principal.

(b)           As compensation for services rendered by the Placement Agent hereunder, on the Closing Date (as defined below), the Company shall pay or cause to be paid by the Investor to the Placement Agent by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account or accounts designated by the Placement Agent, an aggregate amount equal to seven percent (7.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from its sale of the Securities on such Closing Date (the “ Agency Fee ”). Such gross purchase price does not include any consideration that may be paid to the Company in the future upon exercise of the Warrants. The Placement Agent agrees that the foregoing compensation, together with any expense reimbursement payable hereunder, constitutes all of the cash compensation that such Placement Agent shall be entitled to receive in connection with the Offering contemplated hereby.

(c)           The Securities are being sold to the Investors at a price of $3.45 per unit (the “ Purchase Price ”) as set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus (as defined below). The purchases of Securities by the Investors shall be evidenced by the execution of the Subscription Agreements by each of the parties thereto in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A .

(d)           Prior to the earlier of (i) the date on which this Agreement is terminated and (ii) the Closing Date, the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, solicit or accept offers to purchase Securities of the Company (other than pursuant to the exercise of options or warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock that are outstanding at the date hereof) otherwise than through the Placement Agent in accordance herewith.

(e)           No Securities which the Company has agreed to sell pursuant to this Agreement and the Subscription Agreements shall be deemed to have been purchased and paid for, or sold by the Company, until such Securities shall have been delivered to the Investor purchasing such Securities against payment therefor by such Investor.  If the Company shall default in its obligations to deliver Securities to an Investor whose offer it has accepted, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Placement Agent harmless against any loss, claim, damage or liability directly or indirectly arising from or as a result of such default by the Company in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 6(c) hereof.

(f)           Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of the Securities shall be made at a closing (the “ Closing ”) at the offices of Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP, counsel for the Company, located at One Battery Park Plaza, New York, New York, at 10:00 a.m., local time, on June 15, 2009 or at such other time and date as the Placement Agent and the Company determine pursuant to Rule 15c6-1(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)(such date of payment and delivery being herein referred to as the “ Closing Date ”).  The Shares will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company’s DWAC system and the Warrants will be issued in registered physical form.  The Placement Agent shall facilitate the payment of the purchase price for the Securities directly to the Company by Federal Funds wire transfer from one or more accounts of the Investors maintained by the Placement Agent, against delivery of the Securities to such persons and shall be registered in the name or names and shall be in such denominations as the Placement Agent may request at least one business day before the Closing Date.  At least one business day prior to the Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall submit to the Company its expense reimbursement invoice pursuant to

Section 4 hereof and the Company agrees to reimburse the Placement Agent such amount to which the Placement Agent is entitled thereunder within thirty days of receipt of such invoice.

(a)            Filing of Registration Statement . The Company has prepared and filed, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), and the published rules and regulations thereunder (the “ Rules and Regulations ”) adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”), a registration statement, including a prospectus, on Form S-3 (File No. 333-143280), which became effective as of June 7, 2007, relating to the Securities and the offering thereof (the “ Offering ”) from time to time in accordance with Rule 415(a)(1)(x) of the Rules and Regulations, and such amendments thereof as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The term “ Registration Statement ” as used in this Agreement means the aforementioned registration statement, as amended at the time of such registration statement’s effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the Securities Act, as such section applies to the Placement Agent (the “ Effective Time ”), including (i) all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein and (ii) any information in the corresponding Base Prospectus (as defined below) or a prospectus supplement filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, to the extent such information is deemed pursuant to Rule 430A (“ Rule 430A ”), 430B (“ Rule 430B ”) or 430C (“ Rule 430C ”) under the Securities Act to be a part thereof at the Effective Time. If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement to register additional Securities pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Rules and Regulations (the “ Rule 462(b) Registration Statement ”), then any reference herein to the term “ Registration Statement ” shall also be deemed to include such Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus (as defined below), the Prospectus (as defined in below) or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“ EDGAR ”). All references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include the subsequent filing of any document under the Exchange Act and which is deemed to be incorporated therein by reference therein or otherwise deemed to be a part thereof.

(b)            Effectiveness of Registration Statement; Certain Defined Terms . The Company and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement meet the requirements and comply with the conditions for the use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. The Company has complied, to the Commission’s satisfaction, with all requests of the Commission for additional or supplemental information. No stop order preventing or suspending use of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued by the Commission, and no proceedings for such purpose pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act against the Company or related to the Offering have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission, and any request received by the Company on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. As used in this Agreement:

(1)           “ Base Prospectus ” means the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the Effective Time.

(2)           “ Disclosure Package ” means (i) the Statutory Prospectus, (ii) each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, filed or used by the Company on or before the Effective Time and listed on Schedule I hereto (other than a roadshow that is an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus but is not required to be filed under Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations) and (iii) the pricing and other information as set forth on Exhibit G hereto, all considered together.

(3)           “ Issuer Free Writing Prospectus ” means any “issuer free writing prospectus , ” as defined in Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations relating to the Securities in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g) of the Rules and Regulations.

(4)           “ Preliminary Prospectus ” means any preliminary prospectus supplement, subject to completion, relating to the Securities, filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities, together with the Base Prospectus attached to or used with such preliminary prospectus supplement.

(5)           “ Prospectus ” means the final prospectus supplement, relating to the Securities, filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act on or before the second business day after the date hereof (or such earlier time as may be required under the Securities Act), in the form furnished by the Company to the Placement Agent, for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities that discloses the public offering price and other final terms of the Securities, together with the Base Prospectus attached to or used with such final prospectus supplement.

(6)           “ Statutory Prospectus ” means the Preliminary Prospectus, if any, and the Base Prospectus, each as amended and supplemented immediately prior to the Time of Sale, including any document incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof.

(7)            “Time of Sale” means 7:00 p.m., New York City time, on the date of this Agreement.

(c)            Contents of Registration Statement . The Registration Statement complied when it became effective, complies as of the date hereof and, as amended or supplemented, at the Time of Sale and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Securities (the “ Prospectus Delivery Period ”), will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations; the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, provided , that the Company makes no representation or warranty in this paragraph with respect to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Placement Agent specifically for inclusion therein, which information the parties hereto agree is limited to the Placement Agent’s Information (as defined in Section 7 hereof).

(d)            Contents of Prospectus . The Prospectus will comply, as of the date that it is filed with the Commission, the date of its delivery to Investors and at all times during the Prospectus Delivery Period, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Securities Act; at no time during the period that begins on the date the Prospectus is filed with the Commission and ends at the end of the Prospectus Delivery Period will the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided , that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to statements in or omissions from the Prospectus in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Placement Agent specifically for inclusion therein, which information the parties hereto agree is limited to the Placement Agent’s Information.

(e)            Incorporated Documents . Each of the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, at the time such document was filed with the Commission or at the time such document became effective, as applicable, complied, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Exchange Act, were filed on a timely basis with the Commission and did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

(f)            Disclosure Package . The Disclosure Package, as of the Time of Sale, did not, and at the Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided , that the Company makes no representations or warranty in this paragraph with respect to statements in or omissions from the Disclosure Package in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Placement Agent specifically for inclusion therein, which information the parties hereto agree is limited to the Placement Agent’s Information.

(g)            Distributed Materials; Conflict with Registration Statement . Other than the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Company has not made, used, prepared, authorized, approved or referred to and will not make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any “written communication” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) that constitutes an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy the Securities other than (i) any document not constituting a prospectus pursuant to Section 2(a)(10)(a) of the Securities Act or Rule 134 under the Securities Act or (ii) the documents listed on Schedule I hereto and other written communications approved in advance by the Placement Agent.

(h)            Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses . Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, conformed or will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations on the date of first use, and the Company has complied or will comply with any filing requirements applicable to such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus pursuant to the Rules and Regulations. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, when considered together with the Disclosure Package, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times through the completion of the Prospectus Delivery Period did not, does not and will not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Statutory Prospectus or the Prospectus, including any document incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified, or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted

or would omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances prevailing at the subsequent time, not misleading; provided , that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by the Placement Agent specifically for inclusion therein, which information the parties hereto agree is limited to the Placement Agent’s Information.

(i)            Not an Ineligible Issuer . (1) At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the Securities Act) of the Securities and (2) at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 (“ Rule 405 ”) under the Securities Act.

(j)            Due Incorporation . The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with the corporate power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its business as currently being conducted and as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package. The Company is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other legal entity in each other jurisdiction in which its ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing or have such power or authority (i) would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect upon, the general affairs, business, operations, prospects, properties, financial condition, or results of operations of the Company, taken as a whole, or (ii) impair in any material respect the power or ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or to consummate any transactions contemplated by the Agreement and the Subscription Agreements, including the issuance and sale of the Securities (any such effect as described in clauses (i) or (ii), a “ Material Adverse Effect ”).

(k)            Subsidiaries . The Company has no subsidiaries and does not own any beneficial interest, directly or indirectly, in any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other business entity.

(l)            Due Authorization and Enforceability . The Company has the full right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and each of the Subscription Agreements, and to perform and discharge its obligations hereunder and thereunder; and each of this Agreement and each Subscription Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, and constitutes a valid, legal and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnity hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws and except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and subject to general principles of equity.

(m)            The Securities . The issuance of the Shares has been duly and validly authorized by the Company and, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Subscription Agreements, will have been duly and validly issued and will be fully paid and nonassessable, will not be subject to any statutory or contractual preemptive rights or other rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock of the Company, which have not been waived or complied with and will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and such

description conforms in all material respects to the rights set forth in the instruments defining the same. The Warrants conform, or when issued will conform, to the description thereof contained in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and have been duly and validly authorized by the Company and upon delivery to the Investors at the Closing Date will be valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally or subject to general principles of equity. The Warrant Shares initially issuable upon exercise of the Warrants have been duly and validly authorized and reserved for issuance by the Company and when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with the terms thereof, will have been duly and validly issued and will be fully paid and nonassessable and will not be subject to any statutory or contractual preemptive rights or other rights to subscribe for or to purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock of the Company which have not been waived or complied with.

(n)            Capitalization . The information set forth under the caption “Capitalization” in the Statutory Prospectus (and any similar sections or information, if any, contained in the Disclosure Package) is fairly presented on a basis consistent with the Company’s financial statements. The authorized capital stock of the Company conforms as to legal matters to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Capital Stock” (and any similar sections or information, if any, contained in the Disclosure Package). The issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable, and have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws. None of the outstanding shares of Common Stock was issued in violation of any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other similar rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire any securities of the Company. There are no authorized or outstanding shares of capital stock, options, warrants, preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other rights to purchase, or equity or debt securities convertible into or exchangeable for, any capital stock of the Company other than those described in the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package. The description of the Company’s stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, as described in the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, accurately and fairly present the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.

(o)            No Conflict . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Subscription Agreements and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the issuance and sale by the Company of the Securities and the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon due exercise of the Warrants in accordance with their terms, will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under (nor constitute any event which with notice, lapse of time or both would result in any breach or violation of or constitute a default under), give rise to any right of termination or other right or the cancellation or acceleration of any right or obligation or loss of a benefit under, or give rise to the creation or imposition of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, claim or charge upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to (i) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which any of them or any of their respective properties may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company, or (iii) result in any violation of any law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree of any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of their properties or assets.

(p)            No Consents Required . No approval, authorization, consent or order of or filing, qualification or registration with, any court or governmental agency or body, foreign or domestic, which has not been made, obtained or taken and is not in full force and effect, is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Subscription Agreements by the Company, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon due exercise of the Warrants in accordance with their terms or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby other than (i) as may be required under the Securities Act, (ii) any necessary qualification of the Securities under the securities or blue sky laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Securities are being offered by the Placement Agent, (iii) under the rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“ FINRA ”) or (iv) the NASDAQ Capital Market in connection with the distribution of the Securities by the Placement Agent.

(q)            Preemptive Rights . Except as otherwise described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, there are no preemptive rights or other rights (other than rights which have been waived in writing in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise satisfied) to subscribe for or to purchase any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other equity interests of the Company, or any agreement or arrangement between the Company and any of the Company’s stockholders, or to the Company’s knowledge, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders, which grant special rights with respect to any shares of the Company’s capital stock or which in any way affect any stockholder’s ability or right freely to alienate or vote such shares.

(r)            Registration Rights . Except as otherwise described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person the right (other than rights which have been waived in writing in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise satisfied) to require the Company to register any securities with the Commission.

(s)            Lock-Up Agreements . The Company has received copies of the executed Lock-Up Agreements, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto (the “ Lock-Up Agreement ”) executed by each person listed on Exhibit D hereto, and such Lock-Up Agreements shall be in full force and effect on the Closing Date.

(t)            Independent Accountants . Carlin, Charron & Rosen, LLP (“ CCR LLP ”), whose reports on the consolidated financial statements of the Company are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, is (i) an independent public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act, (ii) a registered public accounting firm (as defined in Section 2(a)(12) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”)), and (iii) to the Company’s knowledge, not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

(u)            Financial Statements . The financial statements of the Company, together with the related schedules and notes thereto, set forth or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly in all material respects (i) the financial condition of the Company as of the dates indicated and (ii) the consolidated results of operations, stockholders’ equity and changes in cash flows of the Company for the periods therein specified; and such financial statements and related schedules and notes thereto have been prepared in conformity with United States generally

accepted accounting principles, consistently applied throughout the periods involved (except as otherwise stated therein and subject, in the case of unaudited financial statements, to the absence of footnotes and normal year-end adjustments). There are no other financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the Disclosure Package; and the Company does not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; and all disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable, and present fairly the information shown therein and the Company’s basis for using such measures.

(v)            Absence of Material Changes . Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, and except as may be otherwise stated or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, there has not been (i) any Material Adverse Effect, (ii) any transaction which is material to the Company, (iii) any obligation, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), incurred by the Company, which is material to the Company, (iv) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company, (v) any change in the capital stock (other than a change in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants or the conversion of convertible indebtedness), or material change in the short-term debt or long-term debt of the Company (other than upon conversion of convertible indebtedness) or any issuance of options, warrants, convertible securities or other rights to purchase the capital stock (other than grants of stock options under the Company’s stock option plans existing on the date hereof) of the Company.

(w)            Legal Proceedings . There are no legal or governmental actions, suits, claims or proceedings pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened or contemplated to which the Company is or would be a party or of which any of their respective properties is or would be subject at law or in equity, before or by any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency, or before or by any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the Food and Drug Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (the “ FDA ”)) which are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or a document incorporated by reference therein and are not so described therein, or which, singularly or in the aggregate, if resolved adversely to the Company, would reasonably be likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect or prevent or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. To the Company’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others.

(x)            No Violation . The Company is not in breach or violation of or in default (nor has any event occurred which with notice, lapse of time or both would result in any breach or violation of, or constitute a default) (i) under the provisions of its charter or bylaws (or analogous governing instrument, as applicable) or (ii) in the performance or observance of any term, covenant, obligation, agreement or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, bank loan or credit agreement or other evidence of indebtedness, or any license, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which any of them or any of

their properties may be bound or affected, or (iii) in the performance or observance of any statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, judgment, order or decree of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties, as applicable (including, without limitation, those administered by the FDA or by any foreign, federal, state or local governmental or regulatory authority performing functions similar to those performed by the FDA), except, with respect to clauses (ii) and (iii) above, to the extent any such contravention has been waived or would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(y)            Permits . The Company has made all filings, applications and submissions required by, and owns or possesses all approvals, licenses, certificates, certifications, clearances, consents, exemptions, marks, notifications, orders, permits and other authorizations issued by, the appropriate federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities (including, without limitation, the FDA, and any other foreign, federal state or local government or regulatory authorities performing functions similar to those performed by the FDA) necessary to conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package (collectively, “ Permits ”), except for such Permits which the failure to obtain would not have a Material Adverse Effect (the “ Immaterial Permits ”), and is in compliance in all material respects with the terms and conditions of all such Permits other than the Immaterial Permits (the “ Required Permits ”). All such Required Permits held by the Company are valid and in full force and effect. The Company has not received any notice of any proceedings relating to revocation or modification of, any such Required Permit, which, individually or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would have a Material Adverse Effect.

(z)            Not an Investment Company . The Company is not or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, will not be (i) required to register as an “investment company” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ Investment Company Act” ), and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder or (ii) a “business development company” (as defined in Section 2(a)(48) of the Investment Company Act).

(aa)            No Price Stabilization . Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any of its officers, directors, affiliates or controlling persons has taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that might be reasonably expected to cause or result in, or which has constituted or which might reasonably be expected to constitute the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities.

(bb)            Good Title to Property . The Company has good and valid title to all property (whether real or personal) described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being owned by it, in each case free and clear of all liens, claims, security interests, other encumbrances or defects (collectively, “ Liens ”), except such as are described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and those that would not, individually or in the aggregate materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company. All of the property described in the Registration Statement, Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being held under lease by the Company is held thereby under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases, without any liens, restrictions, encumbrances or claims, except those that, individually or in the aggregate, are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company.

(cc)            Intellectual Property Rights . The Company owns or possesses the right to use all patents, trademarks, trademark registrations, service marks, service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, software, databases, know-how, Internet domain names, trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures, and other intellectual property (collectively, “ Intellectual Property ”) necessary to carry on their respective businesses as currently conducted, and as proposed to be conducted and described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and the Company is not aware of any claim to the contrary or any challenge by any other person to the rights of the Company with respect to the foregoing except for those that could not have a Material Adverse Effect. The Intellectual Property licenses described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are, to the knowledge of the Company, valid, binding upon, and enforceable by or against the parties thereto in accordance to their terms. The Company has complied in all material respects with, and is not in breach nor has received any asserted or threatened claim of breach of, any Intellectual Property license, and the Company has no knowledge of any breach or anticipated breach by any other person to any Intellectual Property license. The Company’s businesses as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted, to the knowledge of the Company, do not and will not infringe or conflict with any patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, trade secrets, licenses or other Intellectual Property or franchise right of any person. The Company has not received notice of any material claim against the Company alleging the infringement by the Company of any patent, trademark, service mark, trade name, copyright, trade secret, license in or other intellectual property right or franchise right of any person. The Company has taken all reasonable steps to protect, maintain and safeguard its rights in all Intellectual Property, including the execution of appropriate nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss or impairment of or payment of any additional amounts with respect to, nor require the consent of any other person in respect of, the Company’s right to own, use, or hold for use any of the Intellectual Property as owned, used or held for use in the conduct of the businesses as currently conducted. The Company has duly and properly filed or caused to be filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “ PTO ”) and applicable foreign and international patent authorities all patent applications owned by the Company (the “ Company Patent Applications ”). To the knowledge of the Company, the Company has complied with the PTO’s duty of candor and disclosure for the Company Patent Applications and has made no material misrepresentation in the Company Patent Applications. The Company is not aware of any information material to a determination of patentability regarding the Company Patent Applications not called to the attention of the PTO or similar foreign authority. The Company is not aware of any information not called to the attention of the PTO or similar foreign authority that would preclude the grant of a patent for the Company Patent Applications. The Company has no knowledge of any information that would preclude the Company from having clear title to the Company Patent Applications.

(dd)            No Labor Disputes . No labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company exists, or, to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened or imminent, which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company is not aware that any key employee or significant group of employees of the Company plans to terminate employment with the Company. The Company has not engaged in any unfair labor practice; except for matters which would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) there is (A) no unfair labor practice complaint pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company before the National Labor Relations Board, and no grievance or arbitration proceeding arising out of or under collective bargaining agreements is pending or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, (B) no strike, labor dispute, slowdown or stoppage pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company and (C) no union

representation dispute currently existing concerning the employees of the Company and (ii) to the Company’s knowledge, (A) no union organizing activities are currently taking place concerning the employees of the Company and (B) there has been no violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law relating to discrimination in the hiring, promotion or pay of employees, any applicable wage or hour laws or any provision of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ ERISA ”) or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder concerning the employees of the Company.

(ee)            Taxes . The Company has (i) timely filed all necessary federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise tax returns (or timely filed applicable extensions therefore) that have been required to be filed and (ii) are not in default in the payment of any taxes which were payable pursuant to said returns or any assessments with respect thereto, other than any which the Company is contesting in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been provided and reflected in the Company’s financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The Company does not have any tax deficiency that has been or, to the knowledge of the Company, is reasonably likely to be asserted or threatened against it that would result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(ff)            ERISA . The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all presently applicable provisions of ERISA; no “reportable event” (as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any “pension plan” (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company would have any liability; the Company has not incurred and does not expect to incur liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any “pension plan” or (ii) Sections 412 or 4971 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the “ Code ”); and each “pension plan” for which the Company would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.

(gg)            Compliance with Environmental Laws . The Company (i) is in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws, orders, rules, regulations, directives, decrees and judgments relating to the use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of human health and safety or the environment which are applicable to their businesses (“ Environmental Laws ”), (ii) has received and is in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct its business; and (iii) is in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such permits, licenses or approvals would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect. There are no costs or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties) which would, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(hh)            Insurance . The Company maintains or is covered by insurance provided by recognized, financially sound and reputable institutions with insurance policies in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of its business and the value of its properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries.

All such insurance is fully in force on the date hereof and will be fully in force as of the Closing Date. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

(ii)            Accounting Controls . The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

(jj)            Disclosure Controls . The Company has established, maintains and evaluates “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), which (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being prepared, (ii) have been evaluated for effectiveness as of the end of the last fiscal period covered by the Registration Statement; and (iii) such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. There are no significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial data to management and the Board of Directors of the Company. The Company is not aware of any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a role in the Company’s internal controls; and since the date of the most recent evaluation of such disclosure controls and procedures, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other f