Exhibit 10.3
OPTION AGREEMENT
Dated as of January 13, 2009
between
CEPHALON, INC.
and
CEPTION THERAPEUTICS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE I
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DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS
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1.1.
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Definitions
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2
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1.2.
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Interpretation
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10
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ARTICLE II
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OPTION TO ACQUIRE THE COMPANY;
DELIVERIES
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2.1.
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Option to Acquire the Company
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11
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2.2.
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Consideration for the Option and Purchase
Option
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11
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2.3.
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Optionee’s Deliveries
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11
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2.4.
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The Company’s Deliveries
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12
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2.5.
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Withholding Rights
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13
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2.6.
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Actions Upon Exercise of the Option
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13
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2.7.
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Exercise of Option Pursuant to Purchase
Options
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15
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ARTICLE III
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
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3.1.
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Organization and Capitalization of the
Company
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16
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3.2.
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Subsidiaries and Investments
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18
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3.3.
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Authority of the Company
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18
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3.4.
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Financial Statements
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19
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3.5.
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Operations Since Balance Sheet Date
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20
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3.6.
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No Undisclosed Liabilities
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22
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3.7.
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Taxes
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22
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3.8.
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Availability of Assets
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23
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3.9.
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Governmental Permits; Regulatory
Matters
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24
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3.10.
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Real Property
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25
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3.11.
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Personal Property
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26
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3.12.
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Intellectual Property
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26
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3.13.
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Inventories
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31
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3.14.
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Title to Property
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32
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3.15.
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Employees and Related Agreements;
ERISA
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32
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3.16.
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Employee Relations
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34
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3.17.
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Contracts
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34
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3.18.
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Status of Contracts
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36
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3.19.
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No Violation or Litigation
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36
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3.20.
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Environmental Matters
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37
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3.21.
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Insurance
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38
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3.22.
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Suppliers
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38
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3.23.
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Takeover Laws
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39
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3.24.
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Approval by Stockholders
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39
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3.25.
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; Etc.
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39
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3.26.
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No Finder
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40
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i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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3.27.
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Disclosure
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40
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ARTICLE IV
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
OPTIONEE
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4.1.
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Organization of Optionee
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40
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4.2.
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Authority of Optionee
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40
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4.3.
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No Finder
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41
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4.4.
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Financial Wherewithal
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41
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ARTICLE V
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ACTION PRIOR TO THE OPTION TERMINATION
DATE
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5.1.
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Investigation by Optionee; Information
Rights
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41
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5.2.
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Preserve Accuracy of Representations and
Warranties; Notification of Certain Matters
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44
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5.3.
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Consents of Third Parties; Governmental
Approvals
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45
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5.4.
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Conduct of Business by the Company and the
Subsidiaries
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46
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5.5.
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Acquisition Proposals
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50
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5.6.
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Takeover Laws
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50
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5.7.
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Termination of Res 5-0002 EE Study
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51
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5.8.
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Charter Amendment; Stockholder Option
Agreements
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51
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ARTICLE VI
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INDEMNIFICATION
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6.1.
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Indemnification by the Company
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51
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6.2.
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Indemnification by Optionee
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52
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6.3.
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Notice of Claims
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53
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6.4.
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Third Person Claims
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54
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6.5.
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Adjustment to Option Consideration
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55
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6.6.
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Set-off
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55
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6.7.
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No Punitive or Consequential Damages
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55
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6.8.
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Insurance Proceeds and Tax Benefits
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55
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6.9.
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Exclusive Remedy
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56
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ARTICLE VII
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TERMINATION
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7.1.
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Termination Rights
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56
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7.2.
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Effect of Termination
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56
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ARTICLE VIII
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GENERAL PROVISIONS
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8.1.
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Survival of Obligations
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56
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8.2.
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Confidential Nature of Information
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56
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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8.3.
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No Public Announcement
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57
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8.4.
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Notices
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57
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8.5.
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Successors and Assigns
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58
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8.6.
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Entire Agreement; Amendments
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58
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8.7.
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Partial Invalidity
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58
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8.8.
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Waivers
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58
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8.9.
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Expenses
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59
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8.10.
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Execution in Counterparts
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59
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8.11.
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Governing Law
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59
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8.12.
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Submission to Jurisdiction
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59
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8.13.
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Waiver of Jury Trial
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59
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iii
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EXHIBITS
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A
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Form of Stockholder Option
Agreement
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B
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Form of Charter Amendment
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C
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Form of Credit Agreement
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D
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Form of Merger Agreement
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E
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Operating Plan
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F
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Stockholders’ Option Consideration
Distribution Procedures
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G
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Form of Opinion of Sidley Austin
LLP
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H
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Form of Opinion of Duane Morris
LLP
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iv
OPTION AGREEMENT
OPTION AGREEMENT (this “
Agreement ”), dated as of January 13, 2009,
between Cephalon, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“
Optionee ”), and Ception Therapeutics, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (the “ Company
”).
WHEREAS, upon the terms and subject
to the conditions contained herein, the Company has agreed to grant
to Optionee during the period beginning on the date hereof and
ending on the Option Termination Date an exclusive option to
acquire the Company pursuant to a merger (the “ Merger
”) of Merger Sub with and into the Company, with the Company
continuing as the surviving corporation, all pursuant to the terms
and conditions of this Agreement, the Merger Agreement and the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “
DGCL ”);
WHEREAS, Optionee and certain
holders of Outstanding Company Stock are entering into Stockholder
Option and Support Agreements in the form of Exhibit A
(the “ Stockholder Option Agreements ”),
pursuant to which such holders have or will have, among other
things, (a) agreed to vote in favor of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Merger Agreement and
(b) granted to Optionee the right to purchase all of the
Outstanding Company Stock owned by such holders (the “
Purchase Options ”);
WHEREAS, the Stockholders who have
entered into Stockholder Option Agreements as of the date hereof
together own, beneficially and of record, at least (i) 68% of
the outstanding shares of the Company’s Voting Common Stock,
par value $0.001 per share (the “ Voting Common Stock
”), (ii) 60% of the outstanding shares of the
Company’s Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per
share (the “ Series A Preferred Stock ”),
(iii) 58% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s
Series B Junior Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
(the “ Series B Junior Preferred Stock ”),
(iv) 84% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s
Series C-1 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the
“ Series C-1 Preferred Stock ”),
(v) 76% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s
Series C-2 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the
“ Series C-2 Preferred Stock ”),
(vi) the right to acquire, pursuant to the Series C-2
Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, up to an additional 393,474
shares of Series C-2 Preferred Stock (such rights, the “
F&F C-2 Share Rights ”) and (vii) subject to
certain conditions, the right to acquire, pursuant to the Fulcrum
Plan of Merger Amendment, up to 9,620,000 shares of the
Company’s Series C-3 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001
per share (the “ Series C-3 Preferred Stock
”), or, if such conditions are not satisfied, up to an
additional 9,620,000 shares of Voting Common Stock (such rights,
the “ Series C-3 Issuance Rights ”) (the
Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Junior Preferred
Stock, Series C-1 Preferred Stock, Series C-2 Preferred
Stock and Series C-3 Preferred Stock being referred to herein
collectively as the “ Preferred Stock ”), in
each case determined on a fully-diluted basis assuming the
conversion of all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock and the
exercise of all options, warrants or other rights convertible into
or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock;
and
WHEREAS, (i) the Board of
Directors of the Company has determined that the Option and the
Merger are each in the best interest of the Company and its
stockholders and has approved and declared advisable this
Agreement, the Merger Agreement (to the extent the Option is
exercised on the terms hereof (including the Merger Agreement in
the form attached hereto)) and the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby and (ii) the Board of Directors of
Optionee (or a duly authorized committee
thereof) has approved this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the
parties to this Agreement agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS
1.1.
Definitions . In this Agreement, the following terms
have the meanings specified or referred to in this
Section 1.1 and shall be equally applicable to both the
singular and plural forms.
“ Accrued Dividends
” means the aggregate amount of accrued and unpaid dividends
on the shares of Preferred Stock in question.
“ Acquisition Proposal
” has the meaning specified in Section 5.5
.
“ Affiliate ”
means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which, at the
time of determination, directly or indirectly through one or more
intermediaries Controls, is Controlled by or is under common
Control with such Person. “ Control ”
means, as to any Person, the power to direct or cause the direction
of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. The
terms “Controlled by,” “under common Control
with” and “Controlling” shall have correlative
meanings.
“ Agreement ”
means this Option Agreement.
“ Antitrust Division
” means the Antitrust Division of the United States
Department of Justice.
“ Balance Sheet ”
means the unaudited consolidated balance sheet of the Company and
the Subsidiaries as of November 30, 2008 included in
Schedule 3.4 .
“ Balance Sheet Date
” means November 30, 2008.
“ Bring-Down
Certificate ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.6(b)(i) .
“ CERCLA ” means
the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601 et seq
.
“ Certificate of
Incorporation ” means the Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company, as amended as of the date of this
Agreement.
“ Charter Amendment
” means the amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation to
be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in
the form attached as Exhibit B .
“ Claim Notice ”
has the meaning specified in Section 6.3(a)
.
“ Closing Date ”
has the meaning specified in the Merger Agreement.
2
“ Closing Date Merger
Consideration ” has the meaning specified in the Merger
Agreement.
“ Code ” means
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
“ Common Stock ”
means the Voting Common Stock and the Non-Voting Common
Stock.
“ Company ” has
the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this
Agreement.
“ Company Agreements
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.18
.
“ Company Ancillary
Agreements ” means the Stockholder Option Agreements, the
Credit Agreement, the certificate being delivered pursuant to
Section 2.4(c) and the Bring-Down
Certificate.
“ Company Group ”
means any “affiliated group” (as defined in
Section 1504(a) of the Code without regard to the
limitations contained in Section 1504(b) of the Code)
that files or has filed a consolidated federal income Tax Return
and that, at any time on or before the date hereof, includes or has
included the Company or any predecessor of the Company, or any
other group of corporations which, at any time on or before the
date hereof, files or has filed a Tax Return on a combined,
consolidated or unitary basis with the Company or any predecessor
of the Company (or another such predecessor).
“ Company Group Member
” means (i) the Company and its Affiliates,
(ii) the directors, officers and employees of the Company and
its Affiliates and (iii) the respective successors and assigns
of each of the foregoing.
“ Company IP ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.12(b)
.
“ Company Property
” means any real or personal property, plant, building,
facility, structure, underground storage tank, equipment or unit,
or other asset owned, leased or operated by the Company or a
Subsidiary.
“ Confidentiality
Agreement ” means the Confidentiality Agreement dated as
of October 8, 2008 between the Company and
Optionee.
“ Contaminant ”
means any waste, pollutant, hazardous or toxic substance or waste,
petroleum, petroleum-based substance or waste, special waste, or
any constituent of any such substance or waste.
“ Copyrights ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.12(a)
.
“ Court Order ”
means any judgment, order, award or decree of any United States
federal, state or local, or any supra-national or non-U.S., court
or tribunal and any award in any arbitration proceeding.
“ Credit Agreement
” means the Subordinated Credit Agreement between the Company
and Optionee in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C
.
3
“ DGCL ” has the
meaning specified in the recitals to this Agreement.
“ Encumbrance ”
means any lien (statutory or other), claim, charge, security
interest, mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation,
assignment, conditional sale or other title retention agreement,
preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential
arrangement of any kind, and any easement, encroachment, covenant,
restriction, right of way, defect in title or other encumbrance of
any kind.
“ Environmental
Encumbrance ” means an Encumbrance in favor of any
Governmental Body for (i) any liability under any
Environmental Law or (ii) damages arising from, or costs
incurred by such Governmental Body in response to, a Release or
threatened Release of a Contaminant into the
environment.
“ Environmental Law
” means all Requirements of Laws relating to or addressing
the environment, health or safety, including CERCLA, OSHA and RCRA
and any state equivalent thereof.
“ ERISA ” means
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.
“ ERISA Affiliate
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.15(g)
.
“ ERISA Benefit Plans
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.15(a)
.
“ Exercise Withdrawal
Notice ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.6(c) .
“ Existing Royalties
” has the meaning specified in Section 5.3(b)
.
“ Expenses ”
means any and all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in
connection with investigating, defending or asserting any claim,
action, suit or proceeding incident to any matter indemnified
against pursuant to Article VI (including court filing
fees, court costs, arbitration fees or costs, witness fees, and
reasonable fees and disbursements of legal counsel, investigators,
expert witnesses, consultants, accountants and other
professionals).
“ Expiration Date
” means February 20, 2009.
“ F&F C-2 Share
Rights ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to
this Agreement.
“ FDA ” means the
United States Food and Drug Administration.
“ FTC ” means the
United States Federal Trade Commission.
“ Fulcrum Plan of Merger
Amendment ” means the Amendment to Agreement and Plan of
Merger, dated as of January 19, 2007, by and among the
Company, Fulcrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., CT Research, Inc.
and each of the Ception Holders and Ception Consultants (each as
defined therein) party thereto.
“ Governmental Body
” means any United States federal, state or local, or any
supra-national or non-U.S., government, political subdivision,
governmental, regulatory or
4
administrative authority, instrumentality,
agency body or commission, self-regulatory organization, court,
tribunal or judicial or arbitral body.
“ Governmental Permits
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.9(a)
.
“ HSR Act ” means
the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of
1976.
“ Identified IP ”
means the Intellectual Property that has been identified by and
disclosed to the parties’ external intellectual property
counsel on or before the date of this Agreement.
“ Indebtedness ”
of any Person means (i) all indebtedness for borrowed money,
(ii) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the
deferred purchase price of property other than trade accounts
(including commissions payable to sales representatives) arising in
the ordinary course of business, (iii) all reimbursement
obligations with respect to surety bonds, letters of credit (to the
extent not collateralized with cash or cash equivalents),
bankers’ acceptances and similar instruments (in each case,
whether or not matured), (iv) all obligations evidenced by
notes, including promissory notes, bonds, debentures or similar
instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in
connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses,
(v) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional
sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing,
in either case with respect to property acquired by the Person,
(vi) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (i) through
(v) above secured by (or for which the holder of such
Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be
secured by) any Encumbrance upon or in property (including accounts
and contracts rights) owned by such Person, even though such Person
has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such
Indebtedness and (vii) all agreements, undertakings or
arrangements by which any Person guarantees, endorses or becomes or
is contingently liable for any of the foregoing of another Person,
or guarantees the payment of dividends or other distributions upon
the equity securities or interest of any other Person.
“ Indemnified Party
” has the meaning specified in Section 6.3(a)
.
“ Indemnitor ”
has the meaning specified in Section 6.3(a)
.
“ Intellectual Property
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.12(a)
.
“ IRS ” means the
Internal Revenue Service.
“ Knowledge of the
Company ” means the actual knowledge after reasonable
investigation of Stephen Tullman, Dr. Tim Henkel, Doug Gessl
and Kamil Ali-Jackson; provided, that, with respect to any
representation or warranty of the Company relating to an Oral
Anti-TNF Product, no reasonable investigation shall be
required. “ Know ” and “
Known ” shall have correlative meanings.
“ Leased Real Property
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.10(b)
.
“ Letter of Intent
” means the letter agreement dated November 20, 2008
between the Company and Optionee.
5
“ LOI Payment ”
means the $25,000,000 payment made by Optionee to the Company on
November 24, 2008 pursuant to the Letter of Intent.
“ Losses ” means
any and all losses, costs, obligations, liabilities, settlement
payments, awards, judgments, fines, penalties, Taxes, damages,
deficiencies or other charges.
“ MAE Representations
” means [**]
“ Marks ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.12(a)
.
“ Material Adverse
Effect ” means any change or effect that is materially
adverse to the assets, liabilities (absolute or contingent),
business, condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations
or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
provided , however , that, without limiting the
generality of what shall not constitute a “Material Adverse
Effect,” to the extent any such change or effect results from
changes affecting the United States economy or financial or
securities markets as a whole or changes that are the result of
factors generally affecting the industry in which the Company and
the Subsidiaries conduct their business, to the extent such changes
do not disproportionately impact the Company and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, relative to other companies in the industry in
which the Company and its Subsidiaries conduct their business, it
shall not be taken into account in determining whether there has
been a “Material Adverse Effect.”
“ Merger ” has
the meaning specified in the recitals to this Agreement.
“ Merger Agreement
” means the Agreement and Plan of Merger among the Company,
Optionee and Merger Sub in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit D .
“ Merger Agreement
Execution Date ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.6(c) .
“ Merger Sub ”
means a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Optionee,
whether existing as of the date hereof or hereafter
formed.
“ Net Reslizumab Sales
” means [**]
“ NOLs ” means
the regular Tax net operating loss carryovers and carrybacks of the
Company and each of the Subsidiaries (and, if applicable, the
alternative minimum tax net operating loss carryovers and
carrybacks of the Company and each of the Subsidiaries);
provided , however , that any carrybacks are limited
to net operating losses that arise in periods ending on or before
the Closing Date.
“ Non-Option Granting
Stockholder ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.7(a) .
“ Non-ERISA Commitments
” has the meaning specified in Section 3.15(b)
.
“ Non-Voting Common
Stock ” means the Non-Voting Common Stock of the Company,
par value $0.001 per share.
“ Nondisclosure
Agreements ” has the meaning specified in
Section 3.12(g)(iv) .
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
6
“ Operating Plan
” means the business plan of the Company attached hereto as
Exhibit E , as the same may be amended from time to
time by mutual agreement of the Company and Optionee.
“ Option ” has
the meaning specified in Section 2.1 .
“ Option Consideration
” has the meaning specified in Section 2.2
.
“ Option Exercise Date
” has the meaning specified in Section 2.1
.
“ Option Period ”
has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 .
“ Option Termination
Date ” means the earlier of (a) the date that is 30
business days after the receipt by Optionee of the final study
report for the Res-5-0002 EE Study indicating that the co-primary
endpoints have not been achieved, (b) the date that is 15
business days after receipt by Optionee of the final study report
for the Res-5-0002 EE Study indicating that the co-primary
endpoints have been achieved or (c) such earlier date on which
Optionee terminates this Agreement pursuant to
Section 7.1(b) .
“ Optionee ” has
the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this
Agreement.
“ Optionee Ancillary
Agreements ” means the Stockholder Option Agreements, the
Credit Agreement, the certificate being delivered pursuant to
Section 2.3(c) and the certificate to be
delivered pursuant to Section 2.6(a) .
“ Optionee Group Member
” means (i) Optionee and its Affiliates, (ii) the
directors, officers and employees of each of Optionee and its
Affiliates and (iii) the respective successors and assigns of
each of the foregoing.
“ Optionee Updated
Representations ” means the representations and
warranties of Optionee set forth in (a)
Section 4.3(b)(i)(D) (solely with respect to
Court Orders which come into effect after the date hereof) and
(b) Section 4.3(b)(ii) (solely with respect
to changes in Requirements of Law occurring after the date
hereof).
“ Oral Anti-TNF Product
” means [**]
“ OSHA ” means
the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 651
et seq .
“ Outstanding Company
Stock ” means the Common Stock, Preferred Stock and
options, warrants and other rights convertible into or exercisable
for shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock (including any Common
Stock or Preferred Stock or options, warrants or other rights
convertible into or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or
Preferred Stock issued by the Company after the date
hereof).
“ Patents ” has
the meaning specified in Section 3.12(a) .
“ Pending Indemnity
Amount ” has the meaning specified in
Section 6.6 .
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
7
“ Pension Plans ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.15(a)
.
“ Permitted
Encumbrances ” means (i) liens for Taxes and other
governmental charges and assessments which are not yet due and
payable, (ii) liens of landlords and liens of carriers,
warehousemen, mechanics and materialmen and other similar liens
imposed by law arising in the ordinary course of business for sums
not yet due and payable and (iii) other liens or imperfections
on property which do not adversely affect title to, detract from
the value of, or impair the existing use of, the property affected
by such lien or imperfection.
“ Person ” means
any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited
liability company, association, joint-stock company, trust,
unincorporated organization or Governmental Body.
“ Preferred Stock
” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ Purchase Options
” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ RCRA ” means
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. §§
6901 et seq .
“ Release ” means
any release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping, injection, deposit,
disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration of a
Contaminant into the indoor or outdoor environment or into or out
of any Company Property, including the movement of Contaminants
through or in the air, soil, surface water, groundwater or Company
Property.
“ Remedial Action
” means actions required to (i) clean up, remove, treat
or in any other way address Contaminants in the indoor or outdoor
environment, (ii) prevent the Release or threatened Release or
minimize the further Release of Contaminants or
(iii) investigate and determine if a remedial response is
needed and to design such a response and post-remedial
investigation, monitoring, operation and maintenance and
care.
“ Requirements of Laws
” means any United States federal, state and local, and any
non-U.S., laws, statutes, regulations, rules, codes or ordinances
enacted, adopted, issued or promulgated by any Governmental Body
(including those pertaining to electrical, building, zoning,
environmental and occupational safety and health requirements) or
common law.
“ Res-5-0010 Asthma
Study ” means the Company’s ongoing clinical trial
for Reslizumab in patients with asthma.
“ Res-5-0002 EE Study
” means the Company’s ongoing Phase IIb/III clinical
trial for Reslizumab in patients with eosinophilic
esophagitis.
“ Res-5-0004 Open-Label EE
Study ” means the Company’s ongoing open-label
extension study for Reslizumab in patients with eosinophilic
esophagitis.
“ Reslizumab ”
means [**]
“ Rights Proceeds
” means the proceeds received by the Company from the
exercise of Stock Options, Warrants and F&F C-2 Share
Rights.
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
8
“ Series A Preferred
Stock ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ Series B Junior
Preferred Stock ” has the meaning specified in the
recitals to this Agreement.
“ Series C-1 Preferred
Stock ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ Series C-2 Preferred
Stock ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ Series C-2 Preferred
Stock Purchase Agreement ” means the Series C-2
Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 19,
2007, among the Company and the purchasers party thereto, as
amended by Amendment No. 1, dated as of May 30,
2007.
“ Series C-3 Issuance
Rights ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to
this Agreement.
“ Series C-3 Preferred
Stock ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ Specified Covenants
” means the covenants and agreements of the Company set forth
in Sections 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3(a) , 5.3(b)
, 5.4(b)(ix) , 5.4(b)(xi) , 5.4(b)(xiii) ,
5.4(b)(xiv) , 5.4(b)(xv) , 5.4(b)(xvi) ,
5.4(b)(xvii) , 5.4(b)(xviii) , 5.4(b)(xix) and
5.4(b)(xx) .
“ Squeeze Out Merger
” has the meaning specified in Section 2.7(a)
.
“ Squeeze Out Merger
Agreement ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.7(a) .
“ Stock Options ”
means the outstanding options granted under the Stock Plan to
acquire shares of Voting Common Stock, as more fully described in
Schedule 3.1(d) .
“ Stock Plan ”
means the Company’s Equity Incentive Plan, as
amended.
“ Stockholder Option
Agreements ” has the meaning specified in the recitals to
this Agreement.
“ Stockholders ”
means the holders of Outstanding Company Stock who enter into the
Stockholder Option Agreements.
“ Stockholders’
Agreement ” means the Amended and Restated
Stockholders’ Agreement, dated as of January 19, 2007,
by and among the Company and the stockholders of the Company party
thereto.
“ Stockholders’
Option Consideration ” has the meaning specified in
Section 2.2 .
“ Subsidiary ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.2(a)
.
“ Tax ” means:
(i) any United States federal, state or local, or non-U.S.,
net income, gross income, gross receipts, windfall profit,
severance, property, production, sales, use, license, excise,
franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or add-on
minimum, ad valorem, value-added, transfer, stamp, or environmental
(including taxes under Code Section 59A) tax, or any other
tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or
charge of
9
any kind whatsoever, together with any interest
or penalty, addition to tax or additional amount imposed by any
Governmental Body; and (ii) any liability for the payment of
amounts with respect to payments of a type described in clause
(i) as a result of being a member of an affiliated,
consolidated, combined or unitary group, or as a result of any
obligation under any Tax Sharing Arrangement or Tax indemnity
agreement.
“ Tax Return ”
means any return, report or similar statement required to be filed
with respect to any Taxes (including any attached schedules),
including any information return, claim for refund, amended return
or declaration of estimated Tax.
“ Tax Sharing
Arrangement ” means any agreement or arrangement for the
allocation or payment of Tax liabilities or payment for Tax
benefits with respect to a consolidated, combined or unitary Tax
Return which Tax Return includes or included the Company or any
Subsidiary.
“ Third Person Claim
” has the meaning specified in Section 6.3(a)
.
“ Trade Secrets ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.12(a)
.
“ Updated
Representations ” means the representations and
warranties of the Company contained in Article III that
are identified on Schedule 1 attached hereto.
“ Updated Schedules
” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(b)(ii)
.
“ Voting Common Stock
” has the meaning specified in the recitals to this
Agreement.
“ WARN ” has the
meaning specified in Section 3.15(c) .
“ Warrants ”
means the outstanding warrants to acquire shares of Voting Common
Stock, Series A Preferred Stock or Series C-2 Preferred
Stock, as the case may be, as more fully described in Schedule
3.1(d) .
“ Welfare Plans ”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.15(a)
.
1.2.
Interpretation . For purposes of this Agreement,
(i) the words “include,” “includes”
and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the
words “without limitation,” (ii) the word
“or” is not exclusive and (iii) the words
“herein”, “hereof”, “hereby”,
“hereto” and “hereunder” refer to this
Agreement as a whole. Unless the context otherwise requires,
references herein: (i) to Articles, Sections, Exhibits
and Schedules mean the Articles and Sections of, and the Exhibits
and Schedules attached to, this Agreement; (ii) to an
agreement, instrument or other document means such agreement,
instrument or other document as amended, supplemented and modified
from time to time to the extent permitted by the provisions thereof
and by this Agreement; and (iii) to a statute means such
statute as amended from time to time and includes any regulations
promulgated thereunder. All references herein to the Company
or any Subsidiary shall include the predecessors and successors of
such Person. The Schedules and Exhibits referred to herein
shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement
to the same extent as if they were set forth verbatim herein.
Titles to Articles and headings of Sections are inserted for
convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of or
to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
This Agreement, the Company Ancillary
10
Agreements and the Optionee
Ancillary Agreements shall be construed without regard to any
presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation
against the party drafting an instrument or causing any instrument
to be drafted.
ARTICLE II
OPTION TO ACQUIRE THE COMPANY; DELIVERIES
2.1.
Option to
Acquire the Company . At any time after the
date hereof and through and including the Option Termination Date
(the “ Option Period ”), Optionee shall have an
irrevocable option (the “ Option ”), but not the
obligation, to acquire the Company pursuant to the Merger, on the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger
Agreement. Optionee shall exercise the Option, if at all, by
giving written notice to the Company and to the Stockholders’
Representative (as defined in the Merger Agreement, and at the
address for the Stockholders’ Representative set forth
therein) of the exercise of the Option on or prior to the Option
Termination Date (the date such notice is delivered, the “
Option Exercise Date ”).
2.2.
Consideration
for the Option and Purchase Option . Optionee shall pay
the Company as consideration for the Option an aggregate of
$50,000,000 (fifty million dollars), consisting of (a) the LOI
Payment and (b) upon the execution of this Agreement, the
payment to the Company of $25,000,000 (twenty-five million dollars)
in consideration of the Option by wire transfer of immediately
available funds to an account previously specified in writing by
the Company. Pursuant to the Stockholder Option Agreements,
Optionee shall pay, upon the execution of this Agreement, the
Stockholders $50,000,000 (fifty million dollars) (the “
Stockholders’ Option Consideration ”) in
consideration of the Purchase Options by wire transfer of
immediately available funds to an account maintained by Duane
Morris LLP (for the benefit of the Stockholders) previously
specified in writing by the Company, which amount shall be
disbursed by Duane Morris LLP to the Stockholders in accordance
with the procedures set forth on Exhibit F attached
hereto (such payments to the Company and the Stockholders,
collectively the “ Option Consideration
”). Except as set forth in Article VI , the
Option Consideration shall be non-refundable and
non-creditable.
2.3.
Optionee’s
Deliveries . Concurrently with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, Optionee is delivering to
the Company all of the following:
(a)
a copy of
Optionee’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation certified as
of a recent date by the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware;
(b)
a certificate of
good standing of Optionee issued as of a recent date by the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware;
(c)
a certificate of
the secretary or an assistant secretary of Optionee, dated the date
hereof, as to: (i) no amendments to the Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of Optionee since a specified date;
(ii) the by-laws of Optionee; (iii) the resolutions of
the Board of Directors of Optionee (or a duly authorized committee
thereof) authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of
this Agreement and the Optionee Ancillary Agreements and the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby; and (iv) the
incumbency and signatures of the officers of
11
Optionee executing this
Agreement and any Optionee Ancillary Agreement being executed and
delivered on the date hereof;
(d)
the Credit
Agreement, duly executed by Optionee;
(e)
the Stockholder
Option Agreements executed by Stockholders as of the date hereof,
duly executed by Optionee; and
(f)
an opinion of
Sidley Austin LLP addressed to the Company in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit G .
2.4.
The
Company’s Deliveries . Concurrently with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company is delivering
to Optionee all of the following:
(a)
a copy of the
Certificate of Incorporation certified as of a recent date by the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware;
(b)
a certificate of
good standing of the Company issued as of a recent date by the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware;
(c)
a certificate of
the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company, dated the
date hereof, as to: (i) no amendments to the Certificate
of Incorporation since a specified date; (ii) the by-laws of
the Company; (iii) the resolutions of the Board of Directors
and stockholders of the Company authorizing the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement and the Company Ancillary
Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby;
and (iv) the incumbency and signatures of the officers of the
Company executing this Agreement and any Company Ancillary
Agreement being executed and delivered on the date
hereof;
(d)
the Credit
Agreement, duly executed by the Company;
(e)
the Stockholder
Option Agreements, duly executed by the Stockholders as of the date
hereof;
(f)
all consents,
waivers or approvals obtained by the Company with respect to the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
the Company Ancillary Agreements and the Merger Agreement, other
than under the HSR Act (a list of such consents, waivers and
approvals, as agreed to by the Company and Optionee, being set
forth in Schedule 2.4(f) );
(g)
a receipt
executed by the Company acknowledging receipt of the LOI Payment
and $25,000,000 (twenty-five million dollars);
(h)
a receipt
executed by Duane Morris LLP acknowledging receipt of the
Stockholders’ Option Consideration; and
(i)
an opinion of
Duane Morris LLP addressed to Optionee and in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit H .
12
2.5.
Withholding
Rights . Optionee shall be
entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration, if any,
otherwise payable pursuant to the Stockholder Option Agreements
(pursuant to the procedures in this Agreement or otherwise) to any
Stockholder, or to any designee of such Stockholder, such amounts
as are required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the
making of such payments under the Code, or any provision of state,
local or foreign Tax law. Optionee shall deliver to Duane
Morris LLP, in its capacity under Section 2.2 ,
information with respect to any deduction or withholding to be made
pursuant to this Section 2.5 .
2.6.
Actions Upon
Exercise of the Option . In the event that
Optionee exercises the Option:
(a)
Optionee shall,
on the Option Exercise Date, deliver to the Company a certificate,
dated the date of its delivery and duly executed by the Chief
Executive Officer or any Vice President of Optionee, certifying
that: (i) between the date hereof and the Option
Exercise Date, there has been no material breach by Optionee in the
performance of any of its covenants and agreements herein;
(ii) as of the Option Exercise Date, none of the
representations and warranties of Optionee contained herein that is
qualified as to materiality is untrue or incorrect in any respect
except for such changes therein as are specifically permitted by
this Agreement; (iii) as of the Option Exercise Date none of
the representations and warranties of Optionee contained herein
(other than the Optionee Updated Representations) that is not
qualified as to materiality is untrue or incorrect in any material
respect except for such changes therein as are specifically
permitted by this Agreement; and (iv) none of the Optionee
Updated Representations is untrue or incorrect in any material
respect after giving effect to any disclosures attached to such
certificate, which disclosures shall consist solely of information
regarding circumstances, facts, events or conditions that have
arisen, occurred or come into existence after the date hereof with
respect to the Optionee Updated Representations ( provided
that such disclosures shall not (A) correct, supplement or
amend the disclosures set forth in the Schedules delivered on the
date hereof for purposes of the representations and warranties made
by the Company as of the date hereof or (B) change the nature
or scope of the applicable Optionee Updated Representations by
effectively amending or modifying the language contained in such
Optionee Updated Representations as opposed to merely listing
exceptions thereto);
(b)
the Company
shall, not later than five (5) business days after the Option
Exercise Date, deliver to Optionee:
(i)
a certificate
(the “ Bring-Down Certificate ”), dated the date
of its delivery and duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of
the Company, certifying that: (A) between the date
hereof and the date of the Bring-Down Certificate, there has been
no material breach by the Company in the performance of any of its
covenants and agreements herein; (B) as of the date of the
Bring-Down Certificate, none of the representations and warranties
of the Company contained herein (other than the Updated
Representations and the MAE Representations) that is qualified as
to materiality is untrue or incorrect in any respect except for
such changes therein as are consistent in all material respects
with the Operating Plan and not specifically prohibited by
Section 5.4 ; provided , that, [**]; (C) as
of the date of the Bring-Down Certificate, none of the
representations and warranties of the Company contained herein
(other than the Updated Representations and the MAE
Representations) that is not qualified as to materiality is untrue
or incorrect
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
13
in any material
respect except for such changes therein as are consistent in all
material respects with the Operating Plan and not specifically
prohibited by Section 5.4 ; [**] (D) as of the
date of the Bring-Down Certificate, (1) none of the Updated
Representations that is qualified as to materiality is untrue or
incorrect in any respect after giving effect to the Updated
Schedules and (2) none of the Updated Representations that is
not qualified as to materiality is untrue or incorrect in any
material respect after giving effect to the Updated Schedules; and
(E) as of the date of the Bring-Down Certificate, none of the
MAE Representations is untrue or incorrect in any respect except
for such breaches of the MAE Representations which have not had,
and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and
(ii)
any necessary
update to the Schedules delivered by the Company to Optionee on the
date hereof with respect to the Updated Representations (“
Updated Schedules ”), which Updated Schedules shall
consist solely of information regarding circumstances, facts,
events or conditions that have arisen, occurred or come into
existence after the date hereof with respect to the Updated
Representations ( provided that such Updated Schedules shall
not (A) correct, supplement or amend the disclosures set forth
in the Schedules delivered on the date hereof for purposes of the
representations and warranties made by the Company as of the date
hereof or (B) change the nature or scope of the applicable
Updated Representations by effectively amending or modifying the
language contained in such Updated Representations as opposed to
merely listing exceptions thereto); and
(c)
if the Bring-Down
Certificate is accompanied by Updated Schedules, within five
(5) business days following Optionee’s receipt of such
Bring-Down Certificate and Updated Schedules from the Company,
Optionee may at its option deliver a written notice (the “
Exercise Withdrawal Notice ”) to the Company stating
that Optionee desires to withdraw its exercise of the Option.
If Optionee delivers the Exercise Withdrawal Notice, the Option
shall be deemed not to have been exercised by Optionee and
(i) with respect to the first such Exercise Withdrawal Notice,
the Option shall remain outstanding until the Option Termination
Date, and this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and
(ii) with respect to the second such Exercise Withdrawal
Notice, the delivery of such Exercise Withdrawal Notice shall be
deemed to be a delivery of a notice of termination of this
Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(b) . If
Optionee does not deliver an Exercise Withdrawal Notice, the
Company and Optionee shall, and Optionee shall cause Merger Sub to,
execute and deliver the Merger Agreement no later than three
(3) business days after the later of (A) the date of
delivery of the Bring-Down Certificate, (B) if the Bring-Down
Certificate is not delivered pursuant to Section 2.6(b)
, the date by which the Bring-Down Certificate was to be delivered
pursuant to Section 2.6(b) and (C) if the
Bring-Down Certificate is accompanied by Updated Schedules, the
earlier of (x) the date by which any Exercise Withdrawal
Notice may be delivered by Optionee pursuant to this
Section 2.6(c) and (y) the date on which
Optionee delivers written notice to the Company that it will not
deliver an Early Withdrawal Notice (the date of such execution and
delivery of the Merger Agreement, the “ Merger Agreement
Execution Date ”); provided that in the case described in
clause (B) above, Optionee may at its sole option elect not to
enter into the Merger Agreement upon the failure of the Company to
deliver the Bring-Down Certificate by delivery of written notice of
such determination at any time prior to the expiration of the three
(3) business day period during which the Merger Agreement is
to be executed pursuant to this sentence and upon delivery
of
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
14
such notice the Option shall
remain outstanding and this Agreement shall remain in full force
and effect. Contemporaneously with the execution of the
Merger Agreement, the Company and Optionee, as applicable, shall,
and Optionee shall cause Merger Sub to, execute and deliver such
other agreements, documents, instruments and certificates as are
contemplated by the Merger Agreement to be executed and delivered
by such party concurrently therewith, including schedules to the
Merger Agreement responsive to the representations and warranties
of the Company made in Article V thereof, which
schedules shall be consistent in all respects with the Schedules
delivered by the Company in response to the representations and
warranties of the Company made by Article III hereof
except (I) for such changes therein as are consistent in all
material respects with the Operating Plan and not specifically
prohibited by Section 5.4 or contained in the Updated
Schedules and (II) that, solely with respect to the specific
representations and warranties of the Company in the Merger
Agreement that correspond to the MAE Representations [**], the
Company may provide updated information in the corresponding
schedules to the Merger Agreement so long as the events or
occurrences disclosed in such updated information have not had (nor
would they reasonably be expected to have), individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
2.7.
Exercise of
Option Pursuant to Purchase Options .
(a)
Notwithstanding
Section 2.6 , if Optionee exercises the Purchase
Options and, pursuant to the Stockholder Option Agreements, chooses
to purchase shares of Outstanding Company Stock directly from the
Stockholders, Optionee shall use commercially reasonable efforts to
consummate, as soon as reasonably practicable following such
purchase, a merger (the “ Squeeze Out Merger ”)
of a subsidiary of Optionee with and into the Company pursuant to
which holders of Outstanding Company Stock who do not execute a
Stockholder Option Agreement (each, a “ Non-Option
Granting Stockholder ”) receive consideration that is
equal to the consideration it would have received in the Merger
pursuant to the Merger Agreement. In connection with the
Squeeze Out Merger, the Company and Optionee shall take such
actions as shall be reasonably necessary to consummate the Squeeze
Out Merger, including (a) entering into a merger agreement
relating to the Squeeze Out Merger (the “ Squeeze Out
Merger Agreement ”), (b) duly calling, giving notice
of, convening and holding a meeting of the Company’s
stockholders (including Optionee) for the purpose of approving the
Squeeze Out Merger and the Squeeze Out Merger Agreement,
(c) in connection therewith, delivering such Disclosure
Materials (as defined in the Merger Agreement) as are required by
applicable Requirements of Law, (d) recommending to the
stockholders adoption and approval of the Squeeze Out Merger
Agreement and the Squeeze Out Merger and (e) soliciting the
approval and adoption of the Squeeze Out Merger Agreement and the
Squeeze Out Merger by the requisite number of stockholders as
required by the Certificate of Incorporation (as then in effect),
the DGCL and the Stockholders’ Agreement (if
applicable).
(b)
The Squeeze Out
Merger Agreement shall incorporate, mutatis mutandis , all
of the provisions of, and identified in, paragraph 2(b) of
each Stockholder Option Agreement, such that the Non-Option
Granting Stockholders shall have the same rights and receive the
same consideration (taking into account the respective holdings of
each class or classes of Outstanding Company Stock held by each of
them) as the holders of Outstanding Company Stock who executed a
Stockholder Option Agreement and whose Outstanding Company Stock
was purchased directly by Optionee.
**Portions of the Exhibit have been omitted and
have been filed separately pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
15
(c)
For the avoidance
of doubt and without limiting the scope of Optionee’s
obligations under the Squeeze Out Merger Agreement, Optionee shall
give effect, and cause the Company to give effect, to the
provisions of Section 8.1 of the Merger Agreement.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
As an inducement to Optionee to
enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby, the Company represents and warrants to
Optionee and agrees as follows:
3.1.
Organization
and Capitalization of the Company .
(a)
The Company is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company is duly
qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in
good standing in each of the jurisdictions listed in Schedule
3.1(a) , which jurisdictions are the only ones in which the
ownership or leasing of the Company’s assets or the conduct
of the Company’s business requires such qualification, except
where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect. No other jurisdiction has made a
written demand, request or has otherwise indicated in writing that
the Company is required so to qualify on account of the ownership
or leasing of its assets or the conduct of its business. The
Company has full corporate power and authority to own or lease and
to operate and use its assets and to carry on its business as now
conducted.
(b)
Except as set
forth in Schedule 3.1(b) , true and complete copies of
(i) the Certificate of Incorporation and all amendments
thereto, (ii) the Company’s by-laws, as amended to date,
and (iii) the minute books of the Company have been delivered
or made available to Optionee. The Company is not in default
under, or in violation of, any provision of the Certificate of
Incorporation or its by-laws. Such minute books contain true
and complete records of all meetings or other actions taken by the
board of directors and stockholders of the Company. The
Charter Amendment has been duly adopted and approved by the
Company’s Board of Directors and by the stockholders of the
Company holding sufficient Outstanding Company Stock to approve the
Charter Amendment in accordance with the Certificate of
Incorporation (as in effect immediately prior to the effectiveness
of the Charter Amendment), the Stockholders’ Agreement and
any agreements governing outstanding Stock Options, Warrants or
other rights to acquire capital stock of the Company.
(c)
The authorized
capital stock of Company consists of (i) 600,000,000 shares of
Voting Common Stock, of which 23,323,212 shares are issued and
outstanding, (ii) 6,000,000 shares of Non-Voting Common Stock,
of which 4,889,464 shares are issued and outstanding, and
(iii) 164,145,000 shares of Preferred Stock, of which
(A) 23,000,000 shares are designated Series A Preferred
Stock, of which 20,871,664 shares are issued and outstanding,
(B) 3,500,000 shares are designated Series B Junior
Preferred Stock, of which 3,444,802 shares are issued and
outstanding, (C) 13,250,000 shares are designated
Series C-1 Preferred Stock, of which 13,146,503 shares are
issued and outstanding, (D) 114,775,000 shares are designated
Series C-2 Preferred Stock, of which 113,301,299 shares are
issued and outstanding, and (E) 9,620,000
16
shares are designated
Series C-3 Preferred Stock, of which 0 shares are issued and
outstanding. The Company does not hold any treasury
shares. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable and have been offered, issued, sold and
delivered by the Company in compliance with all applicable federal
and state securities laws. None of the issued and outstanding
shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock has been issued in
violation of, or is subject to, any preemptive rights, rights of
first offer, rights of first refusal or subscription rights, except
as set forth in Schedule 3.1(c) .
(d)
All of the Common
Stock, Preferred Stock, Stock Options, Warrants, F&F C-2 Share
Rights and Series C-3 Issuance Rights are held of record by
the holders and in the amounts identified in Schedule 3.1(d)
. Schedule 3.1(d) also sets forth:
(i) the number of shares of Common Stock into which each share
of Preferred Stock is convertible; (ii) the exercise price per
share of each Stock Option and each Warrant; (iii) the date of
grant of each Stock Option and each Warrant and the expiration date
thereof; (iv) the number of shares of Common Stock or
Preferred Stock issuable upon the exercise of each Stock Option or
Warrant; and (v) the number of shares of Common Stock or
Preferred Stock issuable as a result of outstanding F&F C-2
Share Rights and Series C-3 Issuance Rights. True and
complete copies of the stock record books, agreements evidencing
Warrants, Stock Options, F&F C-2 Share Rights and
Series C-3 Issuance Rights have been delivered or made
available to Optionee. Each Warrant and Stock Option was duly
issued and is valid and in full force and effect.
(e)
Schedule
3.1(e) sets forth (i) the
unpaid Accrued Dividends (whether or not declared) with respect to
each holder of shares of Preferred Stock and (ii) the per diem
accrual rate of dividends with respect to each share of Preferred
Stock pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of
Incorporation. There are no declared and unpaid dividends or
other distributions with respect to any shares of Common Stock or
Preferred Stock.
(f)
Except
(i) for the Stock Options and Warrants, (ii) for the
issuance of shares of Series C-3 Preferred Stock or Voting
Common Stock pursuant to the Fulcrum Plan of Merger Amendment,
(iii) the F&F C-2 Share Rights, (iv) as set forth in
the Certificate of Incorporation and (v) as set forth in
Schedule 3.1(f) , there are no agreements, arrangements,
options, warrants, calls, rights or commitments of any character
relating to the issuance, sale, purchase or redemption of any
shares of capital stock or other equity interest of the Company,
whether on conversion of other securities or otherwise.
Except for this Agreement and as set forth in Schedule
3.1(f) , the Company is not a party to any, and to the
Knowledge of the Company there exists no, stockholder agreement,
voting trust agreement or any other similar contract, agreement,
arrangement, commitment, plan or understanding restricting or
otherwise relating to the voting, dividend, ownership or transfer
rights of any shares of capital stock of the Company. Except
as set forth in Schedule 3.1(f) , the Company is not under
any obligation to register under the Securities Act of 1933 any
shares of its capital stock or any other securities of the Company,
whether currently outstanding or that may subsequently be
issued.
(g)
There are no
bonds, debentures, notes or other instruments evidencing
Indebtedness of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries issued or
outstanding (i) having the right to vote on any matters on
which stockholders may vote (or which is convertible into,
or
17
exchangeable for, securities
having such right) or (ii) the value of which is in any way
based upon or derived from capital or voting stock of Company or
any of the Subsidiaries.
3.2.
Subsidiaries
and Investments .
(a)
Schedule
3.2 sets forth a list of each
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture
or other entity (i) in which the Company, directly or
indirectly, owns of record or beneficially 50% or more of the
outstanding voting securities or of which it is a general partner
(each such corporation, partnership, limited liability company,
joint venture or other entity being referred to herein as a “
Subsidiary ”), (ii) in which the Company,
directly or indirectly, owns of record or beneficially any
outstanding voting securities or other equity interests or
(iii) which is Controlled by the Company.
(b)
Schedule
3.2 sets forth the authorized
capital stock of each Subsidiary and indicates the number of issued
and outstanding shares of capital stock, the number of issued
shares of capital stock held as treasury shares and the number of
shares of capital stock unissued and not reserved for any purpose
of each Subsidiary. Except as set forth in Schedule
3.2 and except for this Agreement, there are no agreements,
arrangements, options, warrants, calls, rights or commitments of
any character relating to the issuance, sale, purchase or
redemption of any shares of capital stock of any of the
Subsidiaries. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock
of each of the Subsidiaries are validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock
of each of the Subsidiaries are owned by the Company of record and
beneficially free from all Encumbrances, except as set forth in
Schedule 3.2 .
(c)
Each Subsidiary
is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation and is
duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is
in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction listed under
its name in Schedule 3.2 , which jurisdictions are the only
ones in which the ownership or leasing of such Subsidiary’s
assets or the conduct of such Subsidiary’s business requires
such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or
in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
No other jurisdiction has made a written demand, request or has
otherwise indicated in writing that such Subsidiary is required so
to qualify. Each Subsidiary has full corporate power and
authority to own or lease and to operate and use its properties and
assets and to carry on its business as now conducted.
(d)
True and complete
copies of (i) the certificate of incorporation and all
amendments thereto, (ii) the by-laws, as amended to date, and
(iii) the minute books of each Subsidiary have been delivered
or made available to Optionee. No Subsidiary is in default
under, or in violation of, any provision of its certificate of
incorporation or by-laws. Such minute books contain true and
complete records of all meetings or other actions taken by the
board of directors and stockholders of each Subsidiary.
3.3.
Authority of
the Company .
(a)
The Company has
full corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform
this Agreement, all of the Company Ancillary Agreements and the
Merger Agreement.
18
The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement, the Company Ancillary Agreements
and, to the extent the Option is exercised on the terms hereof
(including the Merger Agreement in the form attached hereto) the
Merger Agreement (together with the other instruments, documents
and agreements contemplated by or to be executed in connection with
the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement) by the
Company have been duly authorized and approved by the
Company’s board of directors and, other than with respect to
the Merger Agreement, to the extent required by the Certificate of
Incorporation or any agreement to which the Company is a party, by
the requisite number of the Company’s stockholders and do not
require any further authorization or consent of the Company or its
stockholders. This Agreement has been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by the Company and is the legal, valid and
binding obligation of the Company enforceable in accordance with
its terms, and each of the Company Ancillary Agreements has been
duly authorized by the Company and upon execution and delivery by
the Company will be a legal, valid and binding obligation of the
Company enforceable in accordance with its terms, in each case
except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by the
effect of general principles of equity (regardless of whether
enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at
law).
(b)
Except as set
forth in Schedule 3.3 , neither the execution and delivery
of this Agreement, any of the Company Ancillary Agreements or the
Merger Agreement nor the consummation of any of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby, nor compliance with or fulfillment
of the terms, conditions and provisions hereof or thereof, in each
case by the Company, nor the exercise of the Option,
will:
(i)
conflict with,
result in a breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or
constitute a default, an event of default or an event creating
rights of acceleration, termination or cancellation or a loss of
rights under, or result in the creation or imposition of any
Encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or
any Subsidiary, under (A) the certificate of incorporation
(including, with respect to the Company, as amended by the Charter
Amendment) or by-laws, or similar organizational documents, of the
Company or any Subsidiary, (B) any Company Agreement,
(C) any other material mortgage, franchise, permit or other
authorization, right, restriction or obligation to which the
Company or any Subsidiary is a party or any of the assets or
properties of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject or by which
the Company or any Subsidiary is bound, (D) any Court Order to
which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or any of the
properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject or
by which the Company or any Subsidiary is bound, or (E) any
material Requirements of Laws affecting the Company, any Subsidiary
or any of their respective properties, assets or business;
or
(ii)
require the
approval, consent, authorization or act of, or the making by the
Company of any declaration, filing or registration with, any
Person, except, with respect to the consummation of the Merger, as
provided under the HSR Act.
3.4.
Financial
Statements . Schedule 3.4
contains (i) the audited consolidated balance sheets of the
Company and the Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
and the related statements of income and cash flows for each of the
years then ended, together with the
19
appropriate notes to such
financial statements, and (ii) the unaudited consolidated
balance sheet of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of
November 30, 2008 and the related statements of income and
cash flows for the 11 months then ended. Except as set forth
therein or in the notes thereto and subject, in the case of the
financial statements referred to in clause (ii) above, to
normal year-end adjustments and the absence of notes, such balance
sheets and statements of income and cash flow have been prepared in
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
consistently applied, and such balance sheets and related
statements of income and cash flows present fairly in all material
respects the consolidated financial position and results of
operations and cash flows of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of
their respective dates and for the respective periods covered
thereby. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.4 , the
financial statements referred to in clause (ii) above include
all adjustments, which consist only of normal accruals made in the
ordinary course of business, necessary for such fair presentation
in all material respects, other than normal year-end audit
adjustments and footnotes.
3.5.
Operations
Since Balance Sheet Date .
(a)
Except as set
forth in Schedule 3.5(a) , since the Balance Sheet Date,
there has been no Material Adverse Effect, and no fact or condition
exists or, to the Knowledge of the Company, is threatened which
would reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse
Effect.
(b)
Except as set
forth in Schedule 3.5(b) , since the Balance Sheet Date, the
Company and the Subsidiaries have conducted their business only in
the ordinary course of business. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, since the Balance Sheet Date, except
as set forth in Schedule 3.5(b) , neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary has:
(i)
except as
contemplated by this Agreement, issued, delivered or agreed
(conditionally or unconditionally) to issue or deliver, or granted
any option, warrant or other right to purchase, any of its capital
stock or other equity interest or any security convertible into its
capital stock or other equity interest;
(ii)
issued, delivered
or agreed (conditionally or unconditionally) to issue or deliver
any of its bonds, notes or other debt securities, or borrowed or
agreed to borrow any funds;
(iii)
paid any
obligation or liability (absolute or contingent) other than current
liabilities reflected on the Balance Sheet and current liabilities
incurred since the Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of
business;
(iv)
declared, set
aside or made, or agreed to declare, set aside or make, any payment
of dividends or distributions to its stockholders or purchased or
redeemed, or agreed to purchase or redeem, any of its capital stock
or other equity interest, it being understood that pursuant to the
terms of the Certificate of Incorporation, dividends accrue whether
or not declared (but have not been paid) on the outstanding
Series A Preferred Stock, Series C-1 Preferred Stock,
Series C-2 Preferred Stock and Series C-3 Preferred
Stock;
(v)
except in the
ordinary course of business, made any amendment or termination of
any Company Agreement;
20
(vi)
undertaken or
committed to undertake capital expenditures exceeding $200,000 or
acquired any real property;
(vii)
sold, leased (as
lessor), transferred or otherwise disposed of, or mortgaged or
pledged, or imposed or suffered to be imposed any Encumbrance
(other than a Permitted Encumbrance) on, any of the assets
reflected on the Balance Sheet or any assets acquired by it after
the Balance Sheet Date, except for inventory and minor amounts of
personal property sold or otherwise disposed of for fair value in
the ordinary course of business;
(viii)
canceled any
debts owed to or claims held by it (including the settlement of any
claims or litigation) or waived any other rights held by it other
than in the ordinary course of business;
(ix)
created, incurred
or assumed, or agreed to create, incur or assume, any Indebtedness
or entered into, as lessee, any capital lease (as defined in
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 13);
(x)
accelerated or
delayed collection of notes or accounts receivable in advance of or
beyond their regular due dates or the dates when the same would
have been collected in the ordinary course of business;
(xi)
delayed or
accelerated payment of any account payable beyond or in advance of
its due date or the date when such account payable would have been
paid in the ordinary course of business;
(xii)
written off any
notes or accounts receivable or portions thereof as uncollectible
except for write-offs in the ordinary course of business or as
required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
consistently applied;
(xiii)
allowed the
levels of raw materials, supplies, work-in-process, finished goods,
goods on consignment or other materials included in its inventory
to vary in any material respect from the levels maintained in the
ordinary course of business;
(xiv)
instituted any
increase in any compensation payable to any director, officer,
consultant or employee or in any profit-sharing, bonus, incentive,
deferred compensation, insurance, pension, retirement, medical,
hospital, disability, welfare or other benefits made available to
its directors, officers, consultants or employees, except
(A) regularly scheduled salary increases for employees,
(B) year-end bonuses paid to employees consistent with past
compensation practices and (C) the adoption of any ERISA
Benefit Plans or Non-ERISA Commitments set forth in Schedules
3.15(a) and 3.15(b) , respectively;
(xv)
paid any amount
or incurred any liability to or in respect of, or sold any
properties or assets to, or entered into any transaction, agreement
or arrangement with any corporation or business in which any
officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiary has any direct
or indirect ownership interest;
21
(xvi)
entered into any
collective bargaining agreements or employment
agreements;
(xvii)
made any change
in the accounting principles and practices used by it from those
applied in the preparation of the Balance Sheet and the related
statements of income and cash flow for the period then ended;
or
(xviii)
prepared or filed
any Tax Return inconsistent with past practice or, on any such Tax
Return, taken any position, made any election, or adopted any
method that is inconsistent with the positions taken, elections
made or methods used in preparing or filing similar Tax Returns in
prior periods, except where necessitated as a result of a change in
circumstances of the Company from a prior period.
3.6.
No Undisclosed
Liabilities . Except as set forth
in Schedule 3.6 , neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is
subject to any material liability (including Known unasserted
claims), whether absolute, contingent, accrued or otherwise, which
is not shown or which is in excess of amounts shown or reserved for
in the Balance Sheet, other than liabilities of the same nature as
those set forth in the Balance Sheet and reasonably incurred in the
ordinary course of business after the Balance Sheet
Date.
3.7.
Taxes .
(a)
Except as set
forth on Schedule 3.7(a) : (i) each of the
Company, each Subsidiary and each Company Group has filed all Tax
Returns required to be filed; (ii) all such Tax Returns are
complete and accurate in all material respects and disclose all
Taxes required to be paid by the Company, each Subsidiary and each
Company Group for the periods covered thereby and all Taxes shown
to be due on such Tax Returns have been timely paid;
(iii) none of the Company, any Subsidiary or any Company Group
is currently the beneficiary of any extension of time within which
to file any Tax Return; (iv) all Taxes (whether or not shown
on any Tax Return) owed by the Company, any Subsidiary or any
Company Group have been timely paid; (v) none of the Company,
any Subsidiary or any member of any Company Group has waived or
been requested to waive any statute of limitations in respect of
Taxes; (vi) there is no action, suit, investigation, audit,
claim or assessment pending or proposed or threatened in writing
with respect to Taxes of the Company, any Subsidiary or any Company
Group and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no reasonable basis
exists therefor; (vii) all deficiencies asserted or
assessments made as a result of any examination of the Tax Returns
referred to in clause (i) have been paid in full;
(viii) there are no Tax Sharing Arrangements (other than those
solely among the Company and the Subsidiaries); (ix) there are
no liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company or any Subsidiary
except liens relating to current Taxes not yet due; (x) all
Taxes which the Company, any Subsidiary or any Company Group are
required by law to withhold or to collect for payment have been
duly withheld and collected, and have been paid or accrued,
reserved against and entered on the books of the Company; (xi)
there are no Tax rulings, requests for rulings, or closing
agreements relating to the Company, any Subsidiary or any Company
Group; (xii) no written claim has ever been made by a Governmental
Body in a jurisdiction where the Company or any Subsidiary has
never paid Taxes or filed Tax Returns asserting that the Company or
any Subsidiary is or may be subject to Taxes assessed by such
jurisdiction; (xiii) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has
been a member of any Company Group other than each
22
Company Group of which it is
a member as of the date hereof and neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has had any direct or indirect ownership in any
corporation, partnership, joint venture, or other entity other than
the Subsidiaries; and (xiv) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has any liability for Taxes of any Person (other than the Company
or any Subsidiary) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6
(or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as a
transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise.
(b)
No transaction
contemplated by this Agreement or the Company Ancillary Agreements
is subject to withholding under Section 1445 of the
Code.
(c)
As a result of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Company
Ancillary Agreements, none of the Company, any Subsidiary or
Optionee will be obligated to make a payment to an individual that
would be a “parachute payment” to a “disqualified
individual” as those terms are defined in Section 280G
of the Code, without regard to whether such payment is reasonable
compensation for personal services performed or to be performed in
the future.
(d)
The aggregate
Taxes payable by the Company and each Subsidiary (including Taxes
payable by any Company Group) with respect to any taxable period
will not exceed the aggregate Taxes that would have been payable by
them with respect to such period had no Option Consideration been
paid (for the avoidance of doubt, Tax liability shall be determined
after taking into account NOLs with respect to taxable periods
ending on or before the Closing Date being properly carried forward
or back); provided , however , that any such excess
with respect to a taxable period beginning after the date hereof
shall not be taken into account to the extent such excess would not
have occurred but for the NOLs carried over or back to such period
being less than the NOLs that properly could have been carried over
or back to such taxable period had no Option Consideration been
paid; provided , further , that any such excess shall
be computed by assuming that the net operating losses with respect
to taxable periods ending on or before the Closing Date for which
Optionee files the Tax Returns of the Company are carried back to
taxable periods ending on or before the Closing Date to the extent
they may properly be so carried back.
3.8.
Availability
of Assets .
(a)
Except as set
forth in Schedule 3.8 and except for the Identified IP, the
assets and properties owned, leased or licensed by the Company and
the Subsidiaries constitute all the assets and properties used in
or necessary for the operation of their business (including all
books, records, computers and computer programs and data processing
systems) as presently conducted in all material respects, are, in
the case of tangible assets, in good and serviceable condition
(subject to normal wear and tear) and are suitable for the uses for
which intended.
(b)
Schedule
3.8 sets forth a description of
all material services provided to the Company or a Subsidiary by
any stockholder of the Company (or any Affiliate of a stockholder
of the Company) utilizing either (i) assets not owned by the
Company or a Subsidiary or (ii) employees not listed in
Schedule 3.15(f) , and the manner in which the costs of
providing such services ha