VSS-CAMBIUM MERGER CORP.
(which on the Closing Date will be merged with and into Cambium
Learning, Inc.)
AS COMPANY
VSS-CAMBIUM HOLDINGS, LLC
AS GUARANTOR
TCW/CRESCENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS
IV, L.P.
TCW/CRESCENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS IVB, L.P.
MAC CAPITAL, LTD.
NEW YORK LIFE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS II, LP
NYLIM MEZZANINE PARTNERS II PARALLEL FUND, LP
GOLDENTREE CAPITAL SOLUTIONS FUND FINANCING
GOLDENTREE CAPITAL OPPORTUNITIES, LP
AS PURCHASERS
THE OTHER PURCHASERS FROM TIME TO
TIME
A PARTY HERETO
TCW/CRESCENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS
IV, L.P.
AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
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Page
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2
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30
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1.3 Definitional Provisions
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30
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2. PURCHASE AND SALE OF NOTES
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2.1 Purchase and Sale of the Notes
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31
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32
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32
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2.4 Financial Accounting Positions; Tax
Reporting
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32
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32
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33
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3. CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF THE PURCHASERS
TO PURCHASE THE NOTES ON THE CLOSING DATE
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3.1 Representations and Warranties
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37
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3.2 Compliance with this Agreement
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37
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3.3 Secretary’s Certificates
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37
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3.4 Good Standing Certificates
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37
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3.5 Purchase of Notes Permitted by Applicable
Laws
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38
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38
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3.7 Approval of Counsel To the
Purchasers
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38
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3.8 Consents and Approvals
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38
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3.9 No Material Judgment or Order
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38
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3.10 No Material Adverse Change
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39
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3.11 Pro Forma Balance Sheet and
Projections
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39
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3.12 Transaction Documents
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39
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39
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39
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39
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39
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40
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3.18 Holdings Equityholders Agreement
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40
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3.19 Related Transactions
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40
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4. CONDITIONS TO THE OBLIGATION OF THE COMPANY
TO ISSUE AND SELL THE NOTES
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4.1 Representations and Warranties
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40
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4.2 Compliance with this Agreement
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40
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5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE ISSUER
PARTIES
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41
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5.2 Authorization; Enforceability
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41
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41
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5.4 Financial Statements; Projections
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42
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i
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Page
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42
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5.6 Intellectual Property
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43
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5.7 Equity Interests and Subsidiaries
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44
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5.8 Litigation; Compliance with Laws
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45
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45
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5.10 Federal Reserve Regulations
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45
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5.11 Investment Company Act
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46
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46
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46
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5.14 No Material Misstatements
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46
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47
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47
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5.17 Employee Benefit Plans
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47
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5.18 Environmental Matters
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48
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49
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5.20 Intentionally Omitted
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49
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5.21 Acquisition Documents; Representations and
Warranties in Acquisition Agreement
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49
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50
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51
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5.24 Broker’s, Finder’s or Similar
Fees
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51
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5.25 Capitalization/Acquisition
Documents
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51
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6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
PURCHASERS
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6.1 Authorization; No Contravention
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51
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52
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52
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6.4 Purchase for Own Account
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52
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53
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6.6 Broker’s, Finder’s or Similar
Fees
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53
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6.7 Governmental Authorization; Third Party
Consent
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53
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53
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6.9 Anti-Money Laundering
Representation
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53
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53
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54
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54
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7.3 Survival of Indemnification
Provisions
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55
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8.1 Affirmative Covenants
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55
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66
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82
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ii
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Page
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82
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85
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9.3 Suits for Enforcement
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85
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86
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86
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86
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87
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10.2 Mandatory Prepayment
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87
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11. THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
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87
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11.2 Delegation of Duties
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88
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11.3 Exculpatory Provisions
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88
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11.4 Reliance by Administrative Agent
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88
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89
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11.6 Non-Reliance on Agents and Other
Purchasers
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89
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89
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11.8 Agent in Its Individual Capacity
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90
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90
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12.1 Survival of Representations and
Warranties
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91
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91
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12.3 Successors and Assigns
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93
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12.4 Amendment and Waiver
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95
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96
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12.6 Signatures and Counterparts
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96
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96
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97
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12.9 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; CONSENT TO
JURISDICTION
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97
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98
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98
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98
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99
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99
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99
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99
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iii
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Form of Closing
Note
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Form of
Guaranty
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Form of
Compliance Certificate
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Form of
Assignment
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Form of
Subsidiary Guaranty
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Form of Joinder
Agreement
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Form of PIK
Note
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Form of Amended
and Restated Note
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Mortgaged
Property
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Refinancing
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Subsidiary
Guarantor
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Governmental
Consents
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Real
Property
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Intellectual
Property Claims
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Intellectual
Property, Registrations and Licenses
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Violations
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Subsidiaries
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Organizational
Chart
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Material
Contracts
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Environmental
Matters
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Insurance
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Acquisition
Agreement Exhibits and Schedules
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Commission
Fees
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Outstanding
Indebtedness
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Permitted
Liens
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Investments
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Affiliate
Transactions
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iv
NOTE
PURCHASE AGREEMENT ,
dated as of April 12, 2007,
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(1)
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VSS-CAMBIUM MERGER CORP., a Delaware
corporation (which on the Closing Date will be merged with and into
Cambium Learning, Inc., the “ Company
”),
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(2)
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VSS-CAMBIUM HOLDINGS, LLC, a
Delaware limited liability company (“ Holdings
”),
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(3)
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TCW/CRESCENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS IV,
L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“ TCW IV
”),
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(4)
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TCW/CRESCENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS IVB,
L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“ TCW IVB
”),
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(5)
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MAC
CAPITAL, LTD., a Cayman Islands company (“ MAC
”),
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(6)
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NYLIM MEZZANINE PARTNERS II PARALLEL
FUND, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“ NY
Parallel ”),
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(7)
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NEW
YORK LIFE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT MEZZANINE PARTNERS II, LP, a
Delaware limited partnership ( “NY Mezzanine”
),
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(8)
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GOLDENTREE CAPITAL SOLUTIONS FUND
FINANCING, Cayman Islands Sub-Trust (“ GCSFF
”),
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(9)
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GOLDENTREE CAPITAL OPPORTUNITIES,
LP, a Delaware Limited Partnership ( “GCO”
),
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(10)
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THE
OTHER PURCHASERS FROM TIME TO TIME PARTY HERETO (TCW IV, TCW IVB,
MAC, NY Parallel, NY Mezzanine, GCFSC, GCO and such other
purchasers together with their respective successors and registered
assigns, each a “Purchaser” and collectively, the
“ Purchasers ”), and
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(11)
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TCW
IV, as administrative agent for the Purchasers (in such capacity
and together with its successors and permitted assigns, the “
Administrative Agent ”).
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WHEREAS , Holdings has entered into a certain Stock
Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2007 (as amended,
supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance
with the provisions hereof and thereof, the “ Acquisition
Agreement ”), with Cambium Learning, Inc. (“
Target ”) and each of the stockholders of Target
(“ Sellers ”), to acquire (the “
Acquisition ”) all of the capital stock of Target from
the Sellers, which will result in Holdings being the beneficial
owner of Target and its subsidiaries (the “ Acquired
Business ”).
WHEREAS , the Acquisition will be effected by a merger
(the “ Merger ”) of the Company with and into
Target, with Target surviving the merger.
WHEREAS , the Equity Financing shall be consummated
simultaneously herewith.
WHEREAS , the Company will consummate the Acquisition on
the Closing Date.
WHEREAS , promptly following the consummation of the
Acquisition, the Company will cause Target to file a certificate of
merger (the “ Merger Certificate ”) with the
Secretary of State of Delaware and will effect the
Merger.
WHEREAS , the Company wishes to sell to the Purchasers,
and the Purchasers wish to purchase the Notes (as hereinafter
defined) in the aggregate original principal amount of up to
$50,000,000 upon the terms and subject to the conditions
hereinafter set forth; and
NOW,
THEREFORE , in
consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth
herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt
and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto
agree as follows:
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1.
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DEFINITIONS
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1.1
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Definitions
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As
used in this Agreement, and unless the context requires a different
meaning, the following terms have the meanings
indicated:
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“ Acquisition ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals
hereto.
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“ Acquired Business
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
recitals hereto.
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“ Acquisition Agreement
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
recitals hereto.
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“ Acquisition
Consideration ” shall mean the purchase consideration for
any Permitted Acquisition and all other payments by Holdings or any
of its Subsidiaries in exchange for, or as part of, or in
connection with, any Permitted Acquisition, whether paid in cash or
by exchange of Equity Interests or of properties or otherwise and
whether payable at or prior to the consummation of such Permitted
Acquisition or deferred for payment at any future time, whether or
not any such future payment is subject to the occurrence of any
contingency, and includes any and all payments representing the
purchase price and any assumptions of Indebtedness,
“earn-outs” and other agreements to make any payment
the amount of which is, or the terms of payment of which are, in
any respect subject to or contingent upon the revenues, income,
cash flow or profits (or the like) of any Person or business;
provided that any such future payment that is subject to a
contingency shall be considered Acquisition Consideration only to
the extent of the reserve, if any, required under GAAP at the time
of such sale to be established in respect thereof by Holdings or
any of its Subsidiaries.
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-2-
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“Administrative
Agent ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Affiliate ”
shall mean, when used with respect to a specified Person, another
Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more
intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common
Control with the Person specified; provided , however
, that, for purposes of Section 8.2(i) , the term
“Affiliate” shall also include (i) any Person that
directly or indirectly owns more than 10% of any class of Equity
Interests of the Person specified or (ii) any Person that is
an executive officer or director of the Person
specified.
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“ Agreement ”
shall mean this Note Purchase Agreement, including the exhibits and
schedules attached hereto, as each of the same may be amended,
supplemented, restated and/or otherwise modified from time to
time.
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“ Anti-Terrorism Laws
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 5.22 .
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“ Approved Fund ”
shall mean, with respect to any Purchaser, any Person (other than a
natural Person) that (a) is or will be engaged in making,
purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in or extending
commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary
course of its business and (b) is advised or managed by
(i) such Purchaser, (ii) any Affiliate of such Purchaser
or (iii) any Person (other than an a natural Person) or any
Affiliate of any Person (other than a natural Person) that
administers or manages such Purchaser.
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“ Asset Sale ”
shall mean (a) any conveyance, sale, lease, sublease,
assignment, transfer or other disposition (including by way of
merger or consolidation and including any Sale and Leaseback
Transaction) by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries of any of its
property excluding sales of inventory and dispositions of cash and
cash equivalents, in each case, in the ordinary course of business,
and (b) any issuance or sale of any Equity Interests of any
Subsidiary of Holdings, in each case, to any Person other than
(i) the Company, (ii) any Subsidiary Guarantor or
(iii) other than for purposes of Section 8.2(f) ,
any other Subsidiary.
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“ Assignment ”
shall mean an assignment agreement entered into by a Purchaser, as
assignor, and any prospective assignee thereof, in substantially
the form of Exhibit D .
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“ Attributable
Indebtedness ” shall mean, when used with respect to any
Sale and Leaseback Transaction, as at the time of determination,
the present value (discounted at a rate equivalent to the
Company’s then-current weighted average cost of funds for
borrowed money as at the time of determination, compounded on a
semi-annual basis) of the total obligations of the lessee for
rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in
any such Sale and Leaseback Transaction.
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“ Bankruptcy Code
” shall mean Title 11 of the United States Code entitled
“Bankruptcy”, as amended from time to time or any
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or
hereafter in effect and all rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder.
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-3-
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“ Board ” shall
mean the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the
United States.
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“ Board of Directors
” shall mean, with respect to any Person, (i) in the
case of any corporation, the board of directors of such Person,
(ii) in the case of any limited liability company, the board
of managers of such Person, (iii) in the case of any
partnership, the Board of Directors of the general partner of such
Person and (iv) in any other case, the functional equivalent
of the foregoing.
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“ Business Day ”
shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on
which banks in New York City are authorized or required by law to
close.
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“ Capital Assets”
shall mean, with respect to any Person, all equipment, fixed assets
and Real Property or improvements of such Person, or replacements
or substitutions therefor or additions thereto, that, in accordance
with GAAP, have been or should be reflected as additions to
property, plant or equipment on the balance sheet of such
Person.
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“ Capital Expenditures
” shall mean, for any period, without duplication, all
expenditures made directly or indirectly by the Company and its
Subsidiaries during such period for Capital Assets plus, to the
extent not included in the definition of Capital Assets,
capitalized development cost as accounted for on a balance sheet of
the Company (whether paid in cash or other consideration, financed
by the incurrence of Indebtedness or accrued as a liability), but
excluding (i) expenditures made in connection with the
replacement, substitution or restoration of property pursuant to
Section 2.10(f) of the Senior Credit Agreement and
(ii) any portion of such increase attributable solely to
acquisitions of Capital Assets in Permitted
Acquisitions.
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“
Capitalization/Acquisition Documents ” shall mean,
collectively: (a) any or all of the stock certificates, notes,
debentures or other instruments representing Equity Interests or
other securities bought, sold or issued, or loans made, to
facilitate the consummation of the Related Transactions;
(b) the indentures or other documents pursuant to which such
instruments representing Equity Interests are issued or to be
issued; (c) each document governing the issuance of, or
setting forth the terms of, such instruments representing Equity
Interests; (d) any stockholders, registration, subordination
or intercreditor agreement among or between the holders of such
instruments representing Equity Interests including, without
limitation, the Holdings Equityholders Agreement; (e) the
Acquisition Agreement; and (f) all other instruments,
documents and agreements executed in connection with the
Acquisition, in each case, as amended, restated, modified and/or
supplemented from time to time in each case, in accordance with
their respective terms; but excluding all Transaction Documents, in
each case, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time
in each case, in accordance with their respective terms.
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“ Capital Lease
Obligations ” of any Person shall mean the obligations of
such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or
other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal
property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required
to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance
sheet of such Person under
|
-4-
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GAAP, and the amount of such
obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in
accordance with GAAP.
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“ Cash Equivalents
” shall mean, as to any Person, (a) securities issued,
or directly, unconditionally and fully guaranteed or insured, by
the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof (
provided that the full faith and credit of the United States
is pledged in support thereof) having maturities of not more than
one year from the date of acquisition by such Person; (b) time
deposits and certificates of deposit of any Lender or any
commercial bank having, or which is the principal banking
subsidiary of a bank holding company organized under the laws of
the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia
having, capital and surplus aggregating in excess of
$500.0 million and a rating of “A” (or such other
similar equivalent rating) or higher by at least one nationally
recognized statistical rating organization (as defined in
Rule 436 under the Securities Act) with maturities of not more
than one year from the date of acquisition by such Person;
(c) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than
90 days for underlying securities of the types described in
clause (a) above entered into with any bank meeting the
qualifications specified in clause (b) above;
(d) commercial paper issued by any Person formed in the United
States rated at least A-1 or the equivalent thereof by Standard
& Poor’s Rating Service or at least P-1 or the equivalent
thereof by Moody’s Investors Service Inc., and in each case
maturing not more than one year after the date of acquisition by
such Person; (e) investments in money market funds
substantially all of whose assets are comprised of securities of
the types described in clauses (a) through (d) above; and
(f) demand deposit accounts maintained in the ordinary course
of business.
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“ Cash Interest Expense
” shall mean, for any period, Consolidated Interest Expense
for such period, less the sum of (a) interest on any
debt paid by the increase in the principal amount of such debt
including by issuance of additional debt of such kind,
(b) items described in clause (c) or, other than to the
extent paid in cash, clause (g) of the definition of
“Consolidated Interest Expense” and (c) gross
interest income of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such
period.
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“ Casualty Event
” shall mean any involuntary loss of title, any involuntary
loss of, damage to or any destruction of, or any condemnation or
other taking (including by any Governmental Authority) of, any
property of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries. “Casualty
Event” shall include but not be limited to any taking of all
or any part of any Real Property of any Person or any part thereof,
in or by condemnation or other eminent domain proceedings pursuant
to any Requirement of Law, or by reason of the temporary
requisition of the use or occupancy of all or any part of any Real
Property of any Person or any part thereof by any Governmental
Authority, civil or military, or any settlement in lieu
thereof.
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“ CERCLA ” shall
mean the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 9601 et
seq. and all implementing regulations.
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A
“ Change in Control ” shall be deemed to have
occurred if:
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(a) Holdings at
any time ceases to own 100% of the Equity Interests of the
Company;
(b) at any time a
change of control occurs under any documentation evidencing
Material Indebtedness;
(c) prior to an
IPO, (i) the Permitted Holders cease to own Equity Interests
representing a majority of the total economic interests of the
Equity Interests of Holdings or (ii) the Permitted Holders
cease to have control of a majority of the management power over
Holdings;
(d) (i) the
Permitted Holders (collectively) shall fail to own, or to have
the power to vote or direct the voting of Holdings representing
more than 35% of the voting power of Holdings, (ii) the
Permitted Holders cease to own Equity Interests representing more
than 35% of the total economic interests of the Equity Interests of
Holdings or (iii) any “Person” or
“group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d)
and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than one or more Permitted
Holders, is or becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in
Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that for
purposes of this clause such Person or group shall be deemed to
have “beneficial ownership” of all securities that such
Person or group has the right to acquire, whether such right is
exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time),
directly or indirectly, of the voting power of Holdings
representing either (w) a greater percentage of the voting
power of Holdings than that beneficially owned or controlled by the
Permitted Holders, (x) a greater percentage of the total
economic interests of the Equity Interests of Holdings than that
beneficially owned by the Permitted Holders, (y) 50% or more
of the voting power of Holdings or (z) 50% or more of the
total economic interests of the Equity Interests of Holdings;
or
(e) upon and
following an IPO, during any period of two consecutive years,
individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the
Board of Directors of Holdings (together with any new directors
whose election to such Board of Directors or whose nomination for
election was approved by a vote of a majority of the members of the
Board of Directors of Holdings, which members comprising such
majority are then still in office and were either directors at the
beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for
election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to
constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of
Holdings.
For
purposes of this definition, a Person shall not be deemed to have
beneficial ownership of Equity Interests subject to a stock
purchase agreement, merger agreement or similar agreement until the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by such
agreement.
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“ Closing ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.2
.
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“ Closing Date ”
shall have the meaning given such term in Section 2.2
.
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“Closing Notes
” shall mean the
promissory notes to be purchased by the Purchasers from the Company
on the Closing Date in the original aggregate principal amount
equal to the
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Original Issuance Amount, each of
which shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A and each as amended, modified, replaced,
substituted or renewed from time to time in accordance with its
terms and the terms hereof.
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“ Code ” shall
mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
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“ Collateral ”
shall have the meaning set forth in the Senior
Documents.
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“ Company ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Compliance
Certificate ” shall mean a certificate of a Financial
Officer substantially in the form of Exhibit C
.
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“Confidential Information
Memorandum” shall mean that certain
confidential information memorandum dated as of February,
2007.
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“ Consolidated Amortization
Expense ” shall mean, for any period, the amortization
expense of Holdings and its Subsidiaries for such period,
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with
GAAP.
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“ Consolidated Current
Assets ” shall mean, as at any date of determination, the
total assets of Holdings and its Subsidiaries which may properly be
classified as current assets on a consolidated balance sheet of
Holdings and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP.
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“ Consolidated Current
Liabilities ” shall mean, as at any date of
determination, the total liabilities of Holdings and its
Subsidiaries which may properly be classified as current
liabilities (other than (a) the current portion of any long
term debt or Capital Lease Obligations and (b) short term debt
and (c) amounts payable under The Sopris Performance Share
Plan 2004, effective as of February 1, 2004) on a consolidated
balance sheet of Holdings and its Subsidiaries in accordance with
GAAP.
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“ Consolidated Depreciation
Expense ” shall mean, for any period, the depreciation
expense of Holdings and its Subsidiaries for such period,
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with
GAAP.
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“ Consolidated EBITDA
” shall mean, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for
such period, adjusted by (x) adding thereto ,
(i) for purposes of determining compliance with Section
8.3 only, the Cure Amount, if any, received by Holdings and
contributed to the Company in cash for such period and permitted to
be included in Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to
Section 9.6 and (ii) in each case only to the
extent (and in the same proportion) deducted in determining such
Consolidated Net Income and without duplication (and with respect
to the portion of Consolidated Net Income attributable to any
Subsidiary of the Company only if a corresponding amount would be
permitted at the date of determination to be distributed to the
Company by such Subsidiary without prior approval (that has not
been obtained), pursuant to the terms of its Organizational
Documents and all agreements, instruments and Requirements of Law
applicable to such Subsidiary or its equityholders):
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-7-
(a) Consolidated
Interest Expense for such period,
(b) Consolidated
Amortization Expense for such period,
(c) Consolidated
Depreciation Expense for such period,
(d) Consolidated
Tax Expense for such period,
(e) nonrecurring
employee severance costs incurred for such period beginning on
January 1, 2007,
(f) Permitted
Management Fees and Expenses for such period,
(g) costs and
expenses incurred in connection with the Transactions and Related
Transactions for such period,
(h) amortization
of inventory write-ups under APB 16 for such period,
(i) any impairment
of goodwill and other intangible assets occurring during such
period,
(j) any amounts
paid with respect to the termination of the Stock Option Plan
during such period,
(k) any equity
based compensation paid to officers, directors, managers, members
or employees of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries during such
period, and
(l) the aggregate
amount of all other non-cash charges reducing Consolidated Net
Income (excluding any non-cash charge that results in an accrual of
a reserve for cash charges in any future period) for such period,
and
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(y) subtracting
therefrom the aggregate amount of all non-cash items increasing
Consolidated Net Income (other than the accrual of revenue or
recording of receivables in the ordinary course of business),
provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary
contained herein (including the definition of “Test
Period”), Consolidated EBITDA shall be deemed to be (i)
$10,846,013 for the Fiscal Quarter ended June 30, 2006, (ii)
$16,329,223 for the Fiscal Quarter ended September 30, 2006,
and (iii) $1,323,633 for the Fiscal Quarter ended December 31,
2006.
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Consolidated
EBITDA shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis to give effect to
the Acquisition, any Permitted Acquisition and Asset Sales (other
than any dispositions in the ordinary course of business)
consummated at any time on or after the first day of the Test
Period and prior to the date of determination as if the Acquisition
and each such Permitted Acquisition had been effected on the first
day of such period and as if each such Asset Sale had been
consummated on the day prior to the first day of such period.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Required
Note-Holders shall have the sole right and authority to approve the
pro forma adjustments made to Consolidated EBITDA in connection
with any Permitted Acquisition or Asset Sale.
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“ Consolidated
Indebtedness ” shall mean, as at any date of
determination, the aggregate amount of all Indebtedness of the
Company and its Subsidiaries, determined on a consolidated basis in
accordance with GAAP.
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“ Consolidated Interest
Expense ” shall mean, for any period, the total
consolidated interest expense of the Company and its Subsidiaries
for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance
with GAAP plus , without duplication:
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(a) imputed
interest on Capital Lease Obligations and Attributable Indebtedness
of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such period;
(b) commissions,
discounts and other fees and charges owed by the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit securing
financial obligations, bankers’ acceptance financing and
receivables financings for such period;
(c) amortization
of debt issuance costs, debt discount or premium and other
financing fees and expenses incurred by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries for such period;
(d) cash
contributions to any employee stock ownership plan or similar trust
made by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to the extent such
contributions are used by such plan or trust to pay interest or
fees to any Person (other than the Company or a Wholly Owned
Subsidiary) in connection with Indebtedness incurred by such plan
or trust for such period;
(e) all interest
paid or payable with respect to discontinued operations of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries for such period;
(f) the interest
portion of any deferred payment obligations of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries for such period; and
(g) all interest
on any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of
the type described in clause (f) or (k) of the definition
of “Indebtedness” for such period;
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provided that (a) to the extent directly
related to the Transactions and the Related Transactions, debt
issuance costs, debt discount or premium and other financing fees
and expenses shall be excluded from the calculation of Consolidated
Interest Expense and (b) Consolidated Interest Expense shall
be calculated after giving effect to Hedging Agreements related to
interest rates (including associated costs), but excluding
unrealized gains and losses with respect to Hedging Agreements
related to interest rates.
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Consolidated
Interest Expense shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis to give
effect to any Indebtedness incurred, assumed or permanently repaid
or extinguished at any time on or after the first day of the Test
Period and prior to the date of determination in connection with
the Acquisition, any Permitted Acquisitions and Asset Sales (other
than any dispositions in the ordinary course of business) as if
such
-9-
incurrence,
assumption, repayment or extinguishing had been effected on the
first day of such period.
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“ Consolidated Net
Income ” shall mean, for any period, the consolidated net
income (or loss) of the Company and its Subsidiaries determined on
a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided that
there shall be excluded from such net income (to the extent
otherwise included therein), without duplication:
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(a) the net income
(or loss) of any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company) in
which any Person other than the Company and its Subsidiaries has an
ownership interest, except to the extent that cash in an amount
equal to any such income has actually been received by the Company
or (subject to clause (b) below) any of its Subsidiaries
during such period;
(b) the net income
of any Subsidiary of the Company during such period to the extent
that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar
distributions by such Subsidiary of that income is not permitted by
operation of the terms of its Organizational Documents or any
agreement, instrument or Requirement of Law applicable to that
Subsidiary during such period, except that the Company equity in
net loss of any such Subsidiary for such period shall be included
in determining Consolidated Net Income;
(c) any gain (or
loss), together with any related provisions for taxes on any such
gain (or the tax effect of any such loss), realized during such
period by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries upon any Asset
Sale (other than any dispositions in the ordinary course of
business) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(d) gains and
losses due solely to fluctuations in currency values and the
related tax effects determined in accordance with GAAP for such
period;
(e) earnings and
losses resulting from any reappraisal, revaluation or write-up or
write-down of assets;
(f) unrealized
gains and losses with respect to Hedging Obligations for such
period; and
(g) any
extraordinary or nonrecurring gain (or extraordinary or
nonrecurring loss), together with any related provision for taxes
on any such gain (or the tax effect of any such loss), recorded or
recognized by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries during such
period.
For
purposes of this definition of “Consolidated Net
Income,” (1) “ nonrecurring ” means any
gain or loss as of any date that is not reasonably likely to recur
within the two years following such date; provided that if
there was a gain or loss similar to such gain or loss within the
two years preceding such date, such gain or loss shall not be
deemed nonrecurring and (2) Consolidated Net Income shall be
reduced (to the extent not already reduced thereby) by the amount
of any payments to or on behalf of Holdings made pursuant to
Sections 8.2(h)(iii) and (iv) .
-10-
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“ Consolidated Tax
Expense ” shall mean, for any period, the tax expense of
the Company and its Subsidiaries, for such period, determined on a
consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.
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“ Contested Asset Lien
Conditions ” shall mean, with respect to any Permitted
Lien of the type described in clauses (i), (ii), (v) and
(vi) of Section 8.2(b) , the following
conditions:
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(a) the Company
shall cause any proceeding instituted contesting such Lien on such
asset to stay the sale or forfeiture of any portion of such asset
on account of such Lien; and
(b) at the option
and at the request of the Administrative Agent or the Required
Note-Holders, to the extent such Lien is in an amount in excess of
$500,000, the appropriate Issuer Party shall maintain cash reserves
in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge such Lien and the
Administrative Agent’s or Required Note-Holders’, as
applicable, reasonable estimate of all interest and penalties
related thereto.
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“ Contingent Obligation
” shall mean, as to any Person, any obligation, agreement,
understanding or arrangement of such Person guaranteeing or
intended to guarantee any Indebtedness, leases, dividends or other
obligations (“ primary obligations ”) of any
other Person (the “ primary obligor ”) in any
manner, whether directly or indirectly, including any obligation of
such Person, whether or not contingent, (a) to purchase any
such primary obligation or any property constituting direct or
indirect security therefor; (b) to advance or supply funds
(i) for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation
or (ii) to maintain working capital or equity capital of the
primary obligor or otherwise to maintain the net worth or solvency
of the primary obligor; (c) to purchase property, securities
or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner of any
such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to
make payment of such primary obligation; (d) with respect to
bankers’ acceptances, letters of credit and similar credit
arrangements, until a reimbursement obligation arises (which
reimbursement obligation shall constitute Indebtedness); or
(e) otherwise to assure or hold harmless the holder of such
primary obligation against loss in respect thereof; provided
, however , that the term “Contingent
Obligation” shall not include endorsements of instruments for
deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business or any
product warranties. The amount of any Contingent Obligation shall
be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable
amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such
Contingent Obligation is made (or, if less, the maximum amount of
such primary obligation for which such Person may be liable,
whether singly or jointly, pursuant to the terms of the instrument
evidencing such Contingent Obligation) or, if not stated or
determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in
respect thereof (assuming such Person is required to perform
thereunder) as determined by such Person in good faith.
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“ Contract ,”
with respect to any Person, shall mean any agreement, contract,
note, bond, mortgage, indenture, guarantee, lease, sublease,
license, sublicense or other instrument or obligation (whether
written or oral) to which such Person is a party or by which it or
any portion of its properties or assets may be bound.
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“ Control ” shall
mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct
or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise, and the terms “ Controlling ” and
“ Controlled ” shall have meanings correlative
thereto.
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“ Controlled Investment
Affiliate ” shall mean, as to any Person, any other
Person which directly or indirectly is in Control of, is Controlled
by, or is under common Control with, such Person and is organized
by such Person (or any Person Controlling such Person) primarily
for making equity or debt investments in, or management or advisory
services for, Holdings, the Company or any other portfolio
companies.
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“ Cure Amount ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 9.6 .
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“ Cure Right ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 9.6 .
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“ Debt Issuance ”
shall mean the incurrence by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries of
any Indebtedness after the Closing Date (other than as permitted by
Section 8.2(a ).
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“ Default ” shall
mean any event, occurrence or condition which is, or upon notice,
lapse of time or both would constitute, an Event of
Default.
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“ Disqualified Capital
Stock ” shall mean any (A) MIP Unit and
(B) Equity Interest which, by its terms (or by the terms of
any security into which it is convertible or for which it is
exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, (a) matures
(excluding any maturity as the result of an optional redemption by
the issuer thereof) or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a
sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable at the
option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part, on or prior to
six (6) months following the Maturity Date, (b) is
convertible into or exchangeable (unless at the sole option of the
issuer thereof) for (i) debt securities or (ii) any
Equity Interests referred to in (a) above, in each case at any
time on or prior to six (6) months following the Maturity
Date, or (c) contains any repurchase obligation which may come
into effect prior to payment in full of all Obligations.
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“ Dividend ” with
respect to any Person shall mean that such Person has declared or
paid a dividend or returned any equity capital to the holders of
its Equity Interests or authorized or made any other distribution,
payment or delivery of property (other than Qualified Capital Stock
of such Person) or cash to the holders of its Equity Interests as
such, or redeemed, retired, purchased or otherwise acquired,
directly or indirectly, for consideration any of its Equity
Interests outstanding (or any options or warrants issued by such
Person with respect to its Equity Interests), or set aside any
funds for any of the foregoing purposes, or shall have permitted
any of its Subsidiaries to purchase or otherwise acquire for
consideration any of the Equity Interests of such Person
outstanding (or any options or warrants issued by such Person with
respect to its Equity Interests). Without limiting the foregoing,
“Dividends” with respect to any Person shall also
include all payments made or required to be made by such Person
with respect to any stock appreciation rights, plans, equity
incentive or achievement plans or any similar plans or setting
aside of any funds for the foregoing purposes.
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“ Dollars ” and
the sign “ $ ” shall each mean the lawful money
of the United States of America.
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“ Domestic Subsidiary
” shall mean each direct or indirect Subsidiary of an Issuer
Party which is organized under the laws of the United States or any
state or territory thereof.
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“ Embargoed Person
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.2(s) .
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“ Environment ”
shall mean ambient air, indoor air, surface water and groundwater
(including potable water, navigable water and wetlands), the land
surface or subsurface strata, natural resources, the workplace or
as otherwise defined in any Environmental Law.
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“ Environmental Claim
” shall mean any claim, notice, demand, order, action, suit,
proceeding or other communication alleging liability for or
obligation with respect to any investigation, remediation, removal,
cleanup, response, corrective action, damages to natural resources,
personal injury, property damage, fines, penalties or other costs
resulting from, related to or arising out of (i) the presence,
Release or threatened Release in or into the Environment of
Hazardous Material at any location or (ii) any violation or
alleged violation of any Environmental Law, and shall include any
claim seeking damages, contribution, indemnification, cost
recovery, compensation or injunctive relief resulting from, related
to or arising out of the presence, Release or threatened Release of
Hazardous Material or alleged injury or threat of injury to health,
safety or the Environment.
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“ Environmental Law
” shall mean any and all present and future treaties, laws,
statutes, ordinances, regulations, rules, decrees, orders,
judgments, consent orders, consent decrees, code or other binding
requirements, and the common law, but only to the extent any of the
foregoing is legally binding upon the Company and its Subsidiaries,
relating to protection of public health or the Environment, the
Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Material, natural
resources or natural resource damages, or occupational safety or
health, and any and all Environmental Permits.
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“ Environmental Permit
” shall mean any permit, license, approval, registration,
notification, exemption, consent or other authorization required by
or from a Governmental Authority under Environmental
Law.
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“ Equity Financing
” shall mean the cash equity investment in Holdings by the
Equity Investors as the same is further invested in cash equity in
the Company on or prior to the Closing Date, in an amount not less
than $140.0 million on terms and conditions satisfactory to
the Required Note-Holders (which amount shall include the amount of
the purchase price for capital stock of Target which any Seller
received in Equity Interests of Holdings in lieu of cash in
connection with the Acquisition in an amount not to exceed
$10.0 million).
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“ Equity Interest
” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any and all shares,
interests, participations or other equivalents, including
membership interests (however designated, whether voting or
nonvoting), of equity of such Person, including, if such Person is
a
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partnership, partnership interests
(whether general or limited) and any other interest or
participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share
of the profits and losses of, or distributions of property of, such
partnership, whether outstanding on the date hereof or issued after
the Closing Date, but excluding debt securities convertible or
exchangeable into such equity.
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“ Equity Investors
” shall mean Sponsor, its Controlled Investment Affiliates
(other than Holdings and its Subsidiaries), officers of Holdings
and its Subsidiaries and one or more investors satisfactory to the
Sponsor.
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“ Equity Issuance
” shall mean, without duplication, (i) any issuance or
sale by Holdings after the Closing Date of any Equity Interests in
Holdings (including any Equity Interests issued upon exercise of
any warrant or option) or any warrants or options to purchase
Equity Interests or (ii) any contribution to the capital of
Holdings; provided , however , that an Equity
Issuance shall not include (x) any such sale or issuance by
Holdings of its Equity Interests (including its Equity Interests
issued upon exercise of any warrant or option or warrants or
options to purchase its Equity Interests but excluding Disqualified
Capital Stock), in each case, to officers or employees of any
Company pursuant to (A) an employee stock plan and
(B) any other sale or issuance approved by the Board of
Directors of Holdings in an amount not to exceed $1.0 million,
(y) any Permitted Cure Securities and (z) any such
issuance or sale to the Equity Investors (including, without
limitation, any Excluded Issuance).
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“ ERISA ” shall
mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as the
same may be amended from time to time.
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“ ERISA Affiliate
” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any trade or
business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with such
Person, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of
the Code.
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“ ERISA Event ”
shall mean (a) any “reportable event,” as defined
in Section 4043 of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder,
with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day
notice period is waived by regulation); (b) the existence with
respect to any Plan of an “accumulated funding
deficiency” (as defined in Section 412 of the Code or
Section 302 of ERISA), whether or not waived; (c) the
failure to make by its due date a required installment under
Section 412(m) of the Code with respect to any Plan or the
failure to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan;
(d) the filing pursuant to Section 412(d) of the Code or
Section 303(d) of ERISA of an application for a waiver of the
minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (e) the
incurrence by any Issuer Party or any of its ERISA Affiliates of
any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the
termination of any Plan; (f) the receipt by any Issuer Party
or any of its ERISA Affiliates from the PBGC or a plan
administrator of any notice relating to the intention to terminate
any Plan or Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan,
or the occurrence of any event or condition which could reasonably
be expected to constitute grounds under ERISA for the termination
of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Plan;
(g) the incurrence by any Issuer Party or any of its ERISA
Affiliates of any liability with respect to the withdrawal from any
Plan or
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Multiemployer Plan; (h) the
receipt by any Issuer Party or its ERISA Affiliates of any notice,
concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability or a
determination that a Multiemployer Plan is, or is expected to be,
insolvent or in reorganization, within the meaning of Title IV of
ERISA; (i) the “substantial cessation of
operations” within the meaning of Section 4062(e) of ERISA
with respect to a Plan; (j) the making of any amendment to any
Plan which could result in the imposition of a lien or the posting
of a bond or other security; and (k) the occurrence of a
nonexempt prohibited transaction (within the meaning of
Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA) which
could reasonably be expected to result in liability to any Issuer
Party.
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“ Event of Default
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 9.1 .
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“ Exchange Act ”
shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
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“ Excluded Issuance
” shall mean an issuance and sale of Qualified Capital Stock
of Holdings to the Equity Investors, to the extent such Qualified
Capital Stock is used, or the Net Cash Proceeds thereof shall be,
within 90 days of the consummation of such issuance and sale,
used, without duplication, to finance Capital Expenditures or one
or more Permitted Acquisitions.
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“ Executive Order
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 5.22 .
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“ Existing Lien ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.2(b)(iii) .
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“ Extraordinary Event
” shall mean any purchase price adjustment, indemnity payment
or pension plan revision. For the avoidance of doubt,
“Extraordinary Event” shall not include a Casualty
Event.
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“ Financial Covenants
” shall mean the covenants set forth in
Section 8.3 .
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“ Financial Officer
” of any Person shall mean the chief financial officer of
such Person.
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“ Fiscal Quarter
” shall mean each 3 fiscal month period ending on
March 31, June 30, September 30 or December 31
of each year.
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“ Fiscal Year ”
shall mean, with respect to the Issuer Parties, the twelve
(12) month accounting period of the Issuer Parties commencing
January 1 of each calendar year and ending December 31 of such
calendar year.
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“ Foreign Purchaser
” shall mean a Purchaser who is not a “United States
Person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the
Code.
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“ Foreign Subsidiary
” shall mean a Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of
a jurisdiction other than the United States or any state or
territory thereof.
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“ GAAP ” shall
mean generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
applied on a consistent basis.
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“ GCO ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ GCSFF ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Governmental
Authority ” shall mean the government of the United
States or any other nation, or of any political subdivision
thereof, whether state, provincial or local, and any agency,
authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or
other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing,
regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining
to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the
European Union or the European Central Bank).
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“ Governmental Real
Property Disclosure Requirements ” shall mean any
Requirement of Law of any Governmental Authority requiring
notification of the buyer, lessee, mortgagee, assignee or other
transferee of any Real Property, facility, establishment or
business, or notification, registration or filing to or with any
Governmental Authority, in connection with the sale, lease,
mortgage, assignment or other transfer (including any transfer of
control) of any Real Property, facility, establishment or business,
of the actual or threatened presence or Release in or into the
Environment, or the use, disposal or handling of Hazardous Material
on, at, under or near the Real Property, facility, establishment or
business to be sold, leased, mortgaged, assigned or
transferred.
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“ Guarantor ”
shall mean Holdings, each Subsidiary Guarantor and each other
Person that enters into any Guaranty Obligations with respect to
any Obligation.
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“ Guaranty ”
shall mean the Guaranty substantially in the form of
Exhibit B , made by each Guarantor from time to time
party thereto in favor of Administrative Agent.
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“ Guaranty Obligations
” shall mean any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of or
by any Person (the “ guarantor ”) guarantying or
having the economic effect of guarantying any Indebtedness or other
obligation of any other Person (the “ primary obligor
”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and
including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect,
(a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the
purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or other obligation or to
purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any
security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease
property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the
owner of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment
thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or
any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary
obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such
Indebtedness or other obligation or (d) as an account party in
respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to
support such Indebtedness or obligation; provided , that the
term Guaranty Obligations shall not include endorsements for
collection or deposit in the ordinary course of
business.
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“ Hazardous Materials
” shall mean the following: hazardous substances; hazardous
wastes; polychlorinated biphenyls (“ PCBs ”) or
any substance or compound containing PCBs; asbestos or any
asbestos-containing materials in any form or condition; radon or
any other radioactive materials including any source, special
nuclear or by-product
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material; petroleum, crude oil or
any fraction thereof; and any other pollutant or contaminant or
chemicals, wastes, materials, compounds, constituents or
substances, subject to regulation or which can give rise to
liability under any Environmental Laws.
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“ Hedging Agreement
” shall mean any swap, cap, collar, forward purchase or
similar agreements or arrangements dealing with interest rates,
currency exchange rates or commodity prices, either generally or
under specific contingencies.
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“ Hedging Obligations
” shall mean obligations under or with respect to Hedging
Agreements.
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“ Holdings ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto
and shall include any successors and assigns in accordance with
Section 8.2(t) . Holdings shall not include any entity
that has been released from its obligations under this Agreement in
accordance with Section 8.2(t) .
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“ Holdings Equityholders
Agreement ” shall mean the Amended and Restated Limited
Liability Company Agreement of Holdings by and among the Persons
named therein, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to
time in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof.
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“ Indebtedness ”
of any Person shall mean, without duplication, (a) all
obligations of such Person for borrowed money or advances;
(b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds,
debentures, notes or similar instruments; (c) all obligations
of such Person upon which interest charges are customarily paid or
accrued; (d) all obligations of such Person under conditional
sale or other title retention agreements relating to property
purchased by such Person; (e) all obligations of such Person
issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or
services (excluding trade accounts payable and accrued obligations
incurred in the ordinary course of business on normal trade terms
and not overdue by more than 120 days); (f) all
Indebtedness of others secured by any Lien on property owned or
acquired by such Person, whether or not the obligations secured
thereby have been assumed, but limited to the fair market value of
such property; (g) all Capital Lease Obligations, Purchase
Money Obligations and synthetic lease obligations of such Person;
(h) for purposes of Section 8.2(a) , all Hedging
Obligations to the extent required to be reflected on a balance
sheet of such Person; (i) all Attributable Indebtedness of
such Person; (j) all obligations of such Person for the
reimbursement of any obligor in respect of letters of credit,
letters of guaranty, bankers’ acceptances and similar credit
transactions; and (k) all Contingent Obligations of such
Person in respect of Indebtedness or obligations of others of the
kinds referred to in clauses (a) through (j) above. The
Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any
other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a
general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a
result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other
relationship with such entity, except (other than in the case of
general partner liability) to the extent that terms of such
Indebtedness expressly provide that such Person is not liable
therefor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Indebtedness shall not
mean any operating lease rental expense to the extent that such
rental expense is required to be recognized as a
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deferred liability on any
Person’s balance sheet in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standard No. 13.
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“ Indemnified Party
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 7.1 .
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“ Insurance Policies
” shall mean the insurance policies and coverages required to
be maintained by each Issuer Party which is an owner of Mortgaged
Property with respect to the applicable Mortgaged Property pursuant
to Section 8.1(d) and all renewals and extensions
thereof.
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“ Insurance
Requirements ” shall mean, collectively, all provisions
of the Insurance Policies, all requirements of the issuer of any of
the Insurance Policies and all orders, rules, regulations and any
other requirements of the National Board of Fire Underwriters (or
any other body exercising similar functions) binding upon each
Issuer Party which is an owner of Mortgaged Property and applicable
to the Mortgaged Property or any use or condition
thereof.
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“ Intellectual Property
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.1(c)(i) .
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“ Investments ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.2(d) .
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“ IPO ” shall
mean the first underwritten public offering by Holdings of its
Equity Interests after the Closing Date pursuant to a registration
statement filed with the SEC in accordance with the Securities Act
with gross proceeds of at least $25,000,000.
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“ Issuer Party ”
shall mean Holdings, the Company and each Subsidiary of Holdings
and the Company.
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“ Joinder Agreement
” shall mean a joinder agreement substantially in the form of
Exhibit F .
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“ Leases ” shall
mean any and all leases, subleases, tenancies, options, concession
agreements, rental agreements, occupancy agreements, franchise
agreements, access agreements and any other agreements (including
all amendments, extensions, replacements, renewals, modifications
and/or guarantees thereof), whether or not of record and whether
now in existence or hereafter entered into, affecting the use or
occupancy of all or any portion of any Real Property.
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“ Liabilities ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 7.1 .
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“ Lien ” shall
mean, with respect to any property, (a) any mortgage, deed of
trust, lien, pledge, encumbrance, claim, charge, assignment,
hypothecation, security interest or encumbrance of any kind or any
arrangement to provide priority or preference or any filing of any
financing statement under the UCC or any other similar notice of
lien under any similar notice or recording statute of any
Governmental Authority, including any easement, right-of-way or
other encumbrance on title to Real Property, in each of the
foregoing cases whether voluntary or imposed by law, and any
agreement to give any of
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the
foregoing; (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any
conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention
agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same
economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such property;
and (c) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call
or similar right of a third party with respect to such
securities.
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“ MAC ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Management Services
Agreement ” shall mean Amended and Restated Limited
Liability Company Agreement of Holdings.
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“ Margin Stock ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Regulation U.
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“ Material Adverse
Effect ” shall mean (a) a material adverse effect on
the business, property, results of operations or condition,
financial or otherwise, of any Issuer Party, taken as a whole;
(b) material impairment of the ability of the Issuer Parties
to fully and timely perform any of their obligations under any
Transaction Document; or (c) material impairment of the rights
of or benefits or remedies available to the Purchasers or the
Administrative Agent under any Transaction Document.
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“ Material Contracts
” shall mean the following Contracts to which the Holdings or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party to as of the date hereof, which
Contracts are listed on Schedule 5.9:
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(a) any Contract
relating to or evidencing Indebtedness of Holdings or any of its
Subsidiaries, including mortgages, other grants of security
interests, guarantees or notes;
(b) any Contract
providing for the payment of royalties by Holdings or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(c) any Contract
pursuant to which Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries has provided
funds to or made any loan, capital contribution or other investment
in, or assumed any liability or obligation of, any
Person;
(d) any Contract
with any Governmental Authority;
(e) any Contract
with an Affiliate of Holdings or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(f) any
employment, consulting or management Contract that provides for
annual compensation in excess of $100,000;
(g) any Contract
that limits, or purports to limit, the ability of Holdings or any
of its Subsidiaries to compete in any line of business or with any
Person or in any geographic area or during any period of time, or
that restricts the right of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries to
sell to or purchase from any Person or to hire any Person, or that
grants the other party or any third Person “most favored
nation” status or any type of special discount rights;
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(h) any Contract
with any labor union or providing for benefits under any
Plan;
(i) any
development agreements relating to the development of product
content, design or layout of significant components of programs and
files;
(j) any agreements
relating to the acquisition or disposition of
businesses;
(k) any Contracts
involving any joint venture, partnership, strategic alliance,
shareholders’ agreement, co-marketing, co-promotion,
co-packaging, joint development or similar arrangement;
(l) any Contracts
(or series of related Contracts) relating to capital expenditures
in excess of $250,000;
(m) any material
licenses by which Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries has obtained
rights under any Intellectual Property that is utilized in its
business other than (A) licenses for standard, off-the-shelf
software and (B) agreements in which the license is incidental
to the agreement;
(n) any Contracts
(or series of related Contracts) requiring or that have resulted in
payments in excess of $350,000 in the aggregate over the term of
the Contract (or series of related Contracts, as the case may be)
that cannot be canceled without penalty or further payment;
and
(o) any Contract
pursuant to which Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries is the
beneficiary of any non-competition provision that remains in effect
on the date hereof.
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“ Material Indebtedness
” shall mean (a) Indebtedness under the Senior Documents
and (b) any other Indebtedness (other than the Notes) or
Hedging Obligations of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries in an
aggregate outstanding principal amount exceeding $2.5 million.
For purposes of determining Material Indebtedness, the
“principal amount” in respect of any Hedging
Obligations of any Issuer Party at any time shall be the maximum
aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that
such Issuer Party would be required to pay if the related Hedging
Agreement were terminated at such time.
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“ Maturity Date ”
shall mean April 11, 2014.
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“ Merger ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the second recital
hereto.
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“ Merger Certificate
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
recitals hereto.
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“ MIP ” shall
mean VSS-Cambium Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company.
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“ MIP Units ”
shall mean the Equity Interests of MIP.
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“ Mortgage ”
shall mean an agreement, including, but not limited to, a mortgage,
deed of trust or any other document, creating and evidencing a Lien
in favor of the Senior Agent on a Mortgaged Property, with such
schedules and including such provisions as shall be necessary to
conform such document to applicable local or foreign law or as
shall be customary under applicable local or foreign
law.
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“ Mortgaged Property
” shall mean each Real Property identified as a Mortgaged
Property on Schedule 1 to this Agreement.
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“ Multiemployer Plan
” shall mean a multiemployer plan within the meaning of
Section 4001(a)(3) or Section 3(37) of ERISA (a) to
which any Issuer Party or any ERISA Affiliate is then making or
accruing an obligation to make contributions; (b) to which any
Issuer Party or any ERISA Affiliate has within the preceding five
plan years made contributions; or (c) with respect to which
any Issuer Party could incur liability.
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“ Net Cash Proceeds
” shall mean:
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(a) with respect
to any Asset Sale (other than any issuance or sale of Equity
Interests), the cash proceeds received by Holdings or any of its
Subsidiaries (including cash proceeds subsequently received (as and
when received by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries) in respect of
non-cash consideration initially received) net of (i) selling
expenses (including reasonable brokers’ fees or commissions,
legal, accounting and other professional and transactional fees,
transfer and similar taxes and the Company’s good faith
estimate of income taxes paid or payable in connection with such
sale); (ii) amounts provided as a reserve, in accordance with
GAAP, against (x) any liabilities under any indemnification
obligations associated with such Asset Sale or (y) any other
liabilities retained by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries
associated with the properties sold in such Asset Sale (
provided that, to the extent and at the time any such
amounts are released from such reserve, such amounts shall
constitute Net Cash Proceeds); (iii) the Company’s good
faith estimate of payments required to be made with respect to
unassumed liabilities relating to the properties sold within
360 days of such Asset Sale ( provided that, to the
extent such cash proceeds are not used to make payments in respect
of such unassumed liabilities within 360 days of such Asset
Sale, such cash proceeds shall constitute Net Cash Proceeds); and
(iv) the principal amount, premium or penalty, if any,
interest and other amounts on any Indebtedness or borrowed money
which is secured by a Lien on the properties sold in such Asset
Sale (so long as such Lien was permitted to encumber such
properties under the Transaction Documents at the time of such
sale) and which is repaid with such proceeds (other than any such
Indebtedness assumed by the purchaser of such
properties);
(b) with respect
to any Debt Issuance, any Equity Issuance or any other issuance or
sale of Equity Interests by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries,
the cash proceeds thereof, net of customary fees, commissions,
costs and other expenses incurred in connection
therewith;
(c) with respect
to any Casualty Event, the cash insurance proceeds, condemnation
awards and other compensation received in respect thereof, net of
all
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Taxes and
reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection with the
collection of such proceeds, awards or other compensation in
respect of such Casualty Event; and
(d) with respect
to any Extraordinary Event, the cash proceeds or other compensation
received in respect thereof, net of all reasonable costs and
expenses incurred in connection with the collection of such
proceeds, awards or other compensation in respect of such
Extraordinary Event.
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“ Notes ” shall
mean, collectively, (i) the Closing Notes and (ii) the
PIK Notes.
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“ Notice of Intent to
Cure ” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.1(s)(xii) .
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“ NY Mezzanine ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ NY Parallel ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Obligations ”
shall mean the obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of the
Issuer Parties under the Transaction Documents including, without
limitation, (a) the obligation to pay principal (including,
without limitation, any PIK Amount that has been added to the
principal), interest (including, without limitation, interest
accrued after the commencement of a proceeding under the Bankruptcy
Code in which any Issuer Party is a debtor, whether or not a claim
in respect of such interest is an allowed claim in such
proceeding), charges, expenses, fees, attorneys’ fees and
disbursements, indemnities and any other amounts payable by any
Issuer Party under any Transaction Document and (b) the
obligation of any Issuer Party to reimburse any amount in respect
of any of the foregoing that the Administrative Agent and/or the
Purchasers, in accordance with the provisions of any Transaction
Document, may elect to pay or advance on behalf of any Issuer
Party.
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“ Observer ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.1(o)(i) .
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“ OFAC ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.22
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“ Officer’s
Certificate ” shall mean a certificate executed by the
chief executive officer or the president or one of the Financial
Officers, each in his or her official (and not individual)
capacity.
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“ Organizational
Documents ” shall mean, with respect to any Person,
(i) in the case of any corporation, the certificate of
incorporation and by-laws (or similar documents) of such Person,
(ii) in the case of any limited liability company, the
certificate of formation and operating agreement (or similar
documents) of such Person, (iii) in the case of any limited
partnership, the certificate of formation and limited partnership
agreement (or similar documents) of such Person, (iv) in the
case of any general partnership, the partnership agreement (or
similar document) of such Person and (v) in any other case,
the functional equivalent of the foregoing.
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“ Original Issuance
Amount ” shall mean Fifty Million Dollars
($50,000,000).
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“ Other Taxes ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 2.6(b) .
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“ PBGC ” shall
mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and
defined in ERISA.
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“ Permitted Acquisition
” shall mean any transaction for the (a) acquisition of
all or substantially all of the property of any Person, or of any
business or division of any Person; or (b) acquisition
(including by merger or consolidation) of the Equity Interests of
any Person that becomes a Subsidiary after giving effect such
transaction; provided that each of the following conditions shall
be met:
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(a) no Default
then exists or would result therefrom;
(b) no Issuer
Party shall, in connection with any such transaction, assume or
remain liable with respect to any Indebtedness or other liability
(including any material tax or ERISA liability) of the related
seller or the business, Person or properties acquired, except
(A) to the extent permitted under Section 8.2(a)
and (B) obligations not constituting Indebtedness incurred in
the ordinary course of business and necessary or desirable to the
continued operation of the underlying properties, and any other
such liabilities or obligations not permitted to be assumed or
otherwise supported by any Issuer Party hereunder shall be
reflected as a reduction in the purchase price paid in full or
released as to the business, Persons or properties being so
acquired on or before the consummation of such
acquisition;
(c) the Person or
business to be acquired shall be, or shall be engaged in, a
business of the type that the Company and its Subsidiaries are
permitted to be engaged in under Section 8.2(n)
;
(d) all
transactions in connection therewith shall be consummated in
accordance with all applicable Requirements of Law;
(e) with respect
to any transaction involving Acquisition Consideration of more than
$20.0 million, unless the Required Note-Holders shall
otherwise agree, the Company shall have provided the Administrative
Agent and the Purchasers with (A) historical financial
statements for the last three Fiscal Years (or, if less, the number
of years since formation) of the Person or business to be acquired
(audited if available) and unaudited financial statements thereof
for the most recent interim period which are available,
(B) reasonably detailed projections for the succeeding five
years pertaining to the Person or business to be acquired and
updated projections for the Company after giving effect to such
transaction, (C) a reasonably detailed description of all
material information relating thereto and copies of all material
documentation pertaining to such transaction, and (D) all such
other information and data relating to such transaction or the
Person or business to be acquired as may be reasonably requested by
the Administrative Agent or the Required Note-Holders;
(f) the
Acquisition Consideration (exclusive of any amounts financed by
Excluded Issuances) for such acquisition shall not exceed
$75.0 million, and the aggregate amount of the Acquisition
Consideration (exclusive of any amounts financed
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by Excluded
Issuances) for all Permitted Acquisitions since the Closing Date
shall not exceed $125.0 million; provided that any
Equity Interests constituting all or a portion of such Acquisition
Consideration shall not have a cash dividend requirement on or
prior to the Maturity Date; and
(g) at least 10
Business Days prior to the proposed date of consummation of the
transaction, the Company shall have delivered to the Administrative
Agent and the Purchasers an Officer’s Certificate certifying
that (A) such transaction complies with this definition (which
shall have attached thereto reasonably detailed backup data and
calculations showing such compliance), and (B) such
transaction could not reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect.
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“ Permitted Collateral
Liens ” means (a) in the case of Collateral other
than Mortgaged Property, the Permitted Liens and (b) in the
case of Mortgaged Property, “Permitted Collateral
Liens” shall mean the Liens described in clauses (i), (ii),
(iii), (iv), (v), (vii), (ix), (xi) and (xii) of
Section 8.2(b) .
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“ Permitted Cure
Securities ” means Equity Interests (if other than cash
common equity interest on terms and conditions reasonably
acceptable to the Required Note-Holders) of Holdings designated as
Permitted Cure Securities in an Officer’s Certificate
delivered by the Company to the Administrative Agent that are
(i) issued to the Permitted Holders or their Controlled
Investment Affiliates or (ii) issued to the then-current
holders of Equity Interests in Holdings pursuant to an offer to
purchase such Equity Interests made to all such holders, in each
case in connection with Cure Rights being exercised by the Company
under Section 9.6 (the net proceeds of which are
contributed in cash to the common equity of the
Company).
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“Permitted
Holders” shall mean (a) Sponsor and
(b) its Controlled Investment Affiliates; provided, however,
that, for purposes of the definition of “Change of
Control”, the term “Permitted Holders” shall also
include (i) TCW/Crescent Mezzanine Partners IV, L.P., (ii)
TCW/Crescent Mezzanine Partners IVB, L.P., (iii) MAC Capital,
Ltd., (iv) New York Life Investment Management Mezzanine
Partners II, LP, (v) NYLIM Mezzanine Partners II Parallel
Fund, LP, (vi) GoldenTree Capital Solutions Fund Financing,
(vii) GoldenTree Capital Opportunities, LP and
(viii) each of the Persons (other than natural persons) party
to the Management Services Agreement as of the Closing Date and
such other Persons (other than natural persons) contemplated on the
Closing Date to become party thereto within 30 days after the
Closing Date, and their respective Controlled Investment
Affiliates.
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“ Permitted Liens
” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.2(b) .
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“ Permitted Management Fees
and Expenses ” shall mean such fees and expenses
permitted under Section 8.2.(i)(v) .
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“ Permitted Tax
Distributions ” shall mean payments, dividends or
distributions by the Company to Holdings or the direct parent in
order to pay consolidated or combined federal, state or local taxes
not payable directly by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries
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which payments by the Company to
Holdings or its direct parent are not in excess of the tax
liabilities that would have been payable by Holdings, the Company
and their Subsidiaries on a stand-alone basis.
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“ Person ” shall
mean natural persons, corporations, limited liability companies,
limited partnerships, limited liability partnerships, general
partnerships, joint stock company, joint ventures, associations,
trusts, banks, trust company, land trusts, business trusts or other
organizations, whether or not legal entities, and Governmental
Authorities and their respective permitted successors and assigns
(or in the case of a Governmental Authority, the successor
functional equivalent of such Person).
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“ PIK Amount ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Closing
Notes.
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“ PIK Notes ”
shall mean the promissory notes to be issued by the Company at the
end of each Fiscal Year in the original aggregate principal amount
equal the PIK Amount which has accrued during such Fiscal Year,
each of which shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit G and each as amended, modified, replaced,
substituted or renewed from time to time in accordance with its
terms.
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“ Plan ” shall
mean any employee pension benefit plan (other than a Multiemployer
Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or
Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA which is
maintained or contributed to by any Issuer Party or its ERISA
Affiliate or with respect to which any Issuer Party could incur
liability (including under Section 4069 of ERISA).
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“ Premises ”
shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the applicable
Mortgage.
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“ Pro Forma Basis
” shall mean on a basis in accordance with GAAP or otherwise
reasonably satisfactory to the Required Note-Holders.
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“ Property Material Adverse
Effect ” shall have the meaning assigned thereto in any
Mortgage.
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“ Purchase Money
Obligation ” shall mean, for any Person, the obligations
of such Person in respect of Indebtedness (including Capital Lease
Obligations) incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part
of the purchase price of any property (including Equity Interests
of any Person) or the cost of installation, construction or
improvement of any property and any refinancing thereof;
provided , however , that (i) such Indebtedness
is incurred within one year after such acquisition, installation,
construction or improvement of such property by such Person and
(ii) the amount of such Indebtedness does not exceed 100% of
the cost of such acquisition, installation, construction or
improvement, as the case may be.
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“ Purchaser ” and
“ Purchasers ” shall have the meanings assigned
to such terms in the preamble hereto.
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“ Qualified Capital
Stock ” of any Person shall mean any Equity Interests of
such Person that are not Disqualified Capital Stock.
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“ Real Property ”
shall mean, collectively, all right, title and interest (including
any leasehold, mineral or other estate) in and to any and all
parcels of or interests in real property owned, leased or operated
by any Person, whether by lease, license or other means, together
with, in each case, all easements, hereditaments and appurtenances
relating thereto, all improvements and appurtenant fixtures and
equipment, all general intangibles and contract rights and other
property and rights incidental to the ownership, lease or operation
thereof.
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“ Refinancing ”
shall mean the repayment in full and the termination of any
commitment to make extensions of credit under all of the
outstanding indebtedness of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries
listed on Schedule 2 .
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“ Register ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 12.14 .
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“ Regulation D
” shall mean Regulation D of the Board as from time to
time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations
thereunder or thereof.
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“ Regulation T
” shall mean Regulation T of the Board as from time to
time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations
thereunder or thereof.
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“ Regulation U
” shall mean Regulation U of the Board as from time to
time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations
thereunder or thereof.
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“ Regulation X
” shall mean Regulation X of the Board as from time to
time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations
thereunder or thereof.
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“ Release ” shall
mean any spilling, leaking, seepage, pumping, pouring, emitting,
emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping,
disposing, depositing, dispersing, emanating or migrating of any
Hazardous Material in, into, onto or through the
Environment.
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“ Related Person
” shall mean, with respect to any Person, each Affiliate of
such Person and each director, officer, employee, agent, trustee,
representative, attorney, accountant and each insurance,
environmental, legal, financial and other advisor (including those
retained in connection with the satisfaction of any conditions set
forth in Section 3 ) and other consultants and agents
of or to such Person or any of its Affiliates, together with, if
such Person is the Administrative Agent, each other Person or
individual designated, nominated or otherwise mandated by or
helping the Administrative Agent pursuant to and in accordance with
Section 11.2 or any comparable provision of any
Transaction Document.
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“ Related Transactions
” shall mean the Acquisition, the execution and delivery of
the Related Transactions Documents, the funding of the purchase
price under the Acquisition Agreement and the payment of all fees,
costs and expenses associated with all of the foregoing.
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“ Related Transactions
Documents ” shall mean the Capitalization/Acquisition
Documents and all other agreements, instruments and documents
executed or delivered in
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connection with the Related
Transactions including, without limitation, the Senior
Documents.
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“ Required Note-Holders
” shall mean holders of a majority in outstanding principal
amount of the Notes (exclusive of Notes then owned by any Issuer
Party or any of its Affiliates).
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“ Requirements of Law
” shall mean, collectively, any and all requirements of any
Governmental Authority including any and all laws, judgments,
orders, decrees, ordinances, rules, regulations, statutes or case
law.
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“ Response ”
shall mean (a) ”response” as such term is defined
in CERCLA, 42 U.S.C. § 9601(24), and (b) all other
actions required by any Governmental Authority or voluntarily
undertaken pursuant to a written agreement to (i) clean up,
remove, treat, abate or in any other way address any Hazardous
Material in the Environment; (ii) prevent the Release or
threat of Release, or minimize the further Release, of any
Hazardous Material; or (iii) perform studies and
investigations in connection with, or as a precondition to, or to
determine the necessity of the activities described in,
clause (i) or (ii) above.
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“ Responsible Officer
” of any Person shall mean any executive officer or Financial
Officer of such Person and any other officer or similar official
thereof with responsibility for the administration of the
obligations of such Person in respect of this Agreement.
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“ Sale and Leaseback
Transaction ” has the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 8.2(c) .
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“ SEC ” shall
mean the Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency
then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
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“ Securities Act
” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.
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“ Sellers ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals
hereto.
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“ Senior Agent ”
shall mean the Person designated as “Administrative
Agent” (together with any duly appointed successor) for the
Senior Lenders in the Senior Credit Agreement.
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“ Senior Credit
Agreement ” shall mean the Credit Agreement among the
Company, the Senior Agent and the financial institutions named
therein or which become a party thereto, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Required Note-Holders, as the same may be
amended, restated, modified, supplemented, extended, renewed,
refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance
with the terms of this Agreement.
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“ Senior Debt ”
shall mean (i) a $128,000,000 term loan facility and
(ii) a $30,000,000 revolving credit facility incurred under
the Senior Credit Agreement, as such amounts may be increased in
accordance with Section 8.2(a)(iii) .
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“ Senior Documents
” shall mean “Loan Documents” as defined in the
Senior Credit Agreement, as the same may be amended, restated,
modified, supplemented, extended, renewed, refinanced or otherwise
modified from time to time in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement.
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“ Senior Lenders
” shall mean each Person that is or shall become a lender
under the Senior Credit Agreement for so long as such Person shall
be a party to the Senior Credit Agreement.
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“ Sponsor ” shall
mean VSS Communications Partners IV, L.P.
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“ Stock Option Plan
” shall mean the Sopris Performance Share Plan
2004.
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“ Subordinated
Indebtedness ” shall mean Indebtedness of the Company or
any Guarantor that is by its terms or pursuant to a Subordination
Agreement subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations of
the Company and such Guarantor, as applicable.
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“ Subordination
Agreement ” shall mean a subordination agreement to be
entered into by the Administrative Agent, the Issuer Parties and
any holder of Subordinated Indebtedness, as such agreement may be
amended, restated, modified or supplemented from time to time in
accordance with its terms.
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“ Subsidiary ”
shall mean, with respect to any Person (the “ parent
”) at any date, (i) any Person the accounts of which
would be consolidated with those of the parent in the
parent’s consolidated financial statements if such financial
statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP as of such date,
(ii) any other corporation, limited liability company,
association or other business entity of which securities or other
ownership interests representing more than 50% of the voting power
of all Equity Interests entitled (without regard to the occurrence
of any contingency) to vote in the election of the Board of
Directors thereof are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held
by the parent and/or one or more subsidiaries of the parent,
(iii) any partnership (a) the sole general partner or the
managing general partner of which is the parent and/or one or more
subsidiaries of the parent or (b) the only general partners of
which are the parent and/or one or more subsidiaries of the parent
and (iv) any other Person that is otherwise Controlled by the
parent and/or one or more subsidiaries of the parent. Unless the
context requires otherwise, “Subsidiary” refers to a
Subsidiary of the Company.
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“ Subsidiary Guarantor
” shall mean each Subsidiary listed on Schedule 3
, and each other Subsidiary that is or becomes a party to this
Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(k) .
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“ Target ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals
hereto.
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“ Target Material Adverse
Effect ” shall mean any event, occurrence, change or
effect that, individually or in the aggregate with other events,
occurrences, changes or effects, is materially adverse to the
business, properties, assets, liabilities, financial condition or
results of operations of Target and its Subsidiaries; provided,
however , that a Target Material Adverse Effect shall not
include any event, occurrence, change or effect arising out of or
attributable to any of the following: (a) a general
deterioration in the United
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States economy or in the industry in
which Target and its Subsidiaries operate, provided that
such deterioration does not have a disproportionate impact or
effect on Target and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; or
(b) changes or effects arising from the announcement or
consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Acquisition
Agreement.
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“ Tax Return ”
shall mean all returns, statements, filings, attachments and other
documents or certifications required to be filed in respect of
Taxes.
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“ Taxes ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.6
.
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“ Test Period ”
in effect at any time shall mean the most recent period of four
consecutive Fiscal Quarters of the Company ended on or prior to
such time (taken as one accounting period) in respect of which
financial statements for each quarter or Fiscal Year in such period
have been or were required to be delivered pursuant to
Section 8.1(a)(i) or (ii) .
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“ TCW IVB ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ TCW IV ” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble
hereto.
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“ Total Leverage Ratio
” shall mean the ratio of (a)(i) for the first four full
Fiscal Quarters after the Closing Date, Consolidated Indebtedness,
less letters of credit issued pursuant to the Senior Documents
outstanding not to exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate and
less the aggregate amount of non-restricted cash and Cash
Equivalents that would appear on the consolidated balance sheet of
Holdings in conformity with GAAP, and (ii) at any other date
of determination, Consolidated Indebtedness, plus the simple
average Revolving Exposure (as defined in the Senior Credit
Agreement) for such Test Period, less the Revolving Exposure at
such date of determination, less Letters of Credit outstanding not
to exceed $5.0 million, less the simple average amount for
such Test Period of non-restricted cash and Cash Equivalents that
would appear on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company in
conformity with GAAP for such Test Period on such date, to
(b) Consolidated EBITDA for the Test Period then most recently
ended.
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“ Transaction Documents
” shall mean, collectively, this Agreement, the Notes, each
Guaranty and all other agreements, instruments and documents,
whether heretofore, concurrently, or hereafter executed by or on
behalf of any Issuer Party, any of its Subsidiaries or any other
Person or delivered to the Administrative Agent and/or the
Purchasers, relating to this Agreement or to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, as each of the same may be amended,
supplemented, restated and/or otherwise modified from time to time
in accordance with its terms.
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“ Transactions ”
shall mean, collectively, the transactions to occur on or prior to
the Closing Date pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including
(a) the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction
Documents and the initial borrowings hereunder; (b) the Equity
Financing; (c) the execution, delivery and performance of the
Senior Documents and the borrowings thereunder; and (e) the
payment of all fees and expenses to be paid on or prior to the
Closing Date and owing in connection with the foregoing.
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“ UCC ” shall
mean the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction
and, if the applicable jurisdiction shall not have any Uniform
Commercial Code, the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time
to time in the State of New York.
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“ United States ”
shall mean the United States of America.
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“ Voting Stock ”
shall mean, with respect to any Person, any class or classes of
Equity Interests pursuant to which the holders thereof have the
general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect at least
a majority of the Board of Directors of such Person.
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“ Wholly Owned
Subsidiary ” shall mean, as to any Person, (a) any
corporation 100% of whose capital stock (other than
directors’ qualifying shares) is at the time owned by such
Person and/or one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person
and (b) any partnership, association, joint venture, limited
liability company or other entity in which such Person and/or one
or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person have a 100% equity
interest at such time.
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“ Withdrawal Liability
” shall mean liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of
a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as
such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of
Title IV of ERISA.
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1.2
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Accounting Terms.
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Except as otherwise expressly
provided herein, all financial statements to be delivered pursuant
to this Agreement shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP as in
effect from time to time and all terms of an accounting or
financial nature shall be construed and interpreted in accordance
with GAAP, as in effect on the date hereof unless otherwise agreed
to by the Company and the Required Note-Holders. If at any time any
change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio
or requirement set forth in any Transaction Document, and the
Company notifies Administrative Agent that the Company requests an
amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any
change occurring after the date hereof in GAAP or in the
application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if
Administrative Agent notifies the Company that the Required
Note-Holders request an amendment to any provision hereof for such
purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or
after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such
provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect
and applied immediately before such change shall have become
effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such
provision amended in accordance herewith. If at any time any change
in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or
requirement set forth in any Transaction Document, and the Company,
Administrative Agent or Required Note-Holders shall so request,
Administrative Agent, Purchasers and the Company shall negotiate in
good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the
original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP (subject to
the approval of the Required Note-Holders, not to be unreasonably
withheld).
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1.3
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Definitional
Provisions
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(a)
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References in the Transaction
Documents to any agreement or contract, or section or provision
thereof or definition contained therein shall mean and be a
reference to such agreement or contract, or correlative section,
provision or definition as amended, amended and restated,
refinanced, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in
accordance with its terms.
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(b)
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Unless otherwise specified therein,
all terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings
when used in the other Transaction Documents or any certificate or
other document made or delivered pursuant hereto or
thereto.
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(c)
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As
used herein and in the Transaction Documents, and any certificate
or other document made or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto,
(i) the words “include”, “includes”
and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the
phrase “without limitation”, (ii) the word
“incur” shall be construed to mean incur, create,
issue, assume, become liable in respect of or suffer to exist (and
the words “incurred” and “incurrence” shall
have correlative meanings), (iii) the words
“asset” and “property” shall be construed
to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all
tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash,
capital stock, securities, revenues, accounts, leasehold interests
and contract rights, (iv) the term “or” is not
exclusive, and (v) references to agreements or other Contracts
shall, unless otherwise specified, be deemed to refer to such
agreements or Contracts as amended, supplemented, restated or
otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms
hereof.
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(d)
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The
words “hereof”, “herein” and
“hereunder” and words of similar import, when used in
this Agreement, shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to
any particular provision of this Agreement, and Section, Schedule
and Exhibit references are to this Agreement unless otherwise
specified.
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2.
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PURCHASE AND SALE OF
NOTES
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2.1
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Purchase and Sale of the
Notes
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(a)
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Subject to the terms and conditions
herein set forth, the Company agrees that it shall issue and sell
to the Purchasers, and the Purchasers agree that they shall,
severally and not jointly, acquire from the Company on the Closing
Date, the Closing Notes in the aggregate original principal amount
equal to the Original Issuance Amount, appropriately completed in
conformity herewith, the respective purchase price for which shall
be allocated as follows: (i) $12,973,131.22 in the case of TCW
IV, (ii) $9,526,868.78 in the case of TCW IVB, (iii)
$2,500,000 in the case of MAC, (iv) $10,000,000 in the case of
GCSFF, (v) $3,000,000 in the case of GCO, (vi) $3,063,436.24 in the
case of NY Parallel and (vii) $8,936,563.76 in the case of NY
Mezzanine;
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(b)
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Each Issuer Party and the Purchasers
acknowledge that the purchase prices set forth above for each of
the Closing Notes represent their relative fair market
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values, and agree to be bound by
this allocation for all tax purposes pursuant to Treasury
Regulation § 1.1273-2(h).
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2.2
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Closing
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The
purchase and issuance of the Closing Notes under
Sections 2.1(a) and 2.1(b) shall take place at
the closing (the “ Closing ”) on April 12,
2007 (the “ Closing Date ”). On the Closing
Date, the Company shall deliver the Closing Notes to the Purchasers
against delivery by the Purchasers to the Company of the purchase
price therefor in the disbursement authorization letter described
in Section 3.15 , such purchase price to be paid by
wire transfer of immediately available funds (less amounts payable
by the Issuer Parties under Section 2.3 ) without
duplication, to an account or accounts specified by the Issuer
Parties in such disbursement letter.
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2.3
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Fees and Expenses
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On
the Closing Date, the Issuer Parties, jointly and severally, shall
pay and/or reimburse all of the Purchasers’ reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable
lawyers’ fees, charges and disbursements, reasonable
consultants’ fees and expenses) incurred in connection with
the Closing and the transactions described herein. All payments
made pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be made by wire
transfer of immediately available funds to the respective accounts
designated by the Purchasers.
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2.4
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Financial Accounting Positions; Tax
Reporting
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Each of the parties hereto agrees to
take reporting and other positions with respect to the Notes that
are consistent with the purchase price of the Notes set forth
herein for all financial accounting purposes, unless otherwise
required by applicable GAAP or SEC rules (in which case the parties
agree not to take positions inconsistent with the purchase price of
the Notes set forth herein unless the Required Note-Holders have
consented thereto, which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld). Each of the parties to this Agreement agrees to take
reporting and other positions with respect to the Notes that are
consistent with the purchase price of the Notes set forth herein
for all other purposes, including, without limitation, for all
federal, state and local tax purposes.
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2.5
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Payments
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(a)
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The
Issuer Parties shall make all payments under the Transaction
Documents irrespective of any right of recoupment, defense,
counterclaim or set-off. Unless otherwise stated therein, the
Issuer Parties shall make all such payments not later than 3:00
p.m. (New York City time) to each of the Purchasers on the day when
due in Dollars to the bank account most recently designated by the
applicable Purchaser by a wire transfer of immediately available
funds. Payments received by any Purchaser after 3:00 p.m. (New York
City time) shall be deemed received on the next Business Day.
Whenever any payment under any of the Transaction Documents is
stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, such payment
shall be due on the next Business Day and interest shall continue
to accrue on such payment.
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(b)
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Each payment by any Issuer Party
pursuant to any Transaction Document shall be applied to the
amounts of such obligations owing to the Purchasers pro rata
according to the respective amounts then due and owing to the
Purchasers. If any Purchaser shall obtain payment in respect of any
of the Obligations resulting in such Purchaser receiving payment of
a proportion of the aggregate amount of the Obligations owed to
such Purchaser greater than its pro rata share thereof, then the
Purchaser receiving such greater proportion shall (a) notify
the Administrative Agent of such fact, and (b) make such other
adjustments as shall be equitable, so that the benefit of all such
payments shall be shared by each of the Purchasers ratably in
accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued
interest on the Obligations owed to such Purchaser, provided, that
the provisions of this Section 2.5(b) shall not be
construed to apply to (x) any payment made to the
Administrative Agent as reimbursement of any costs, fees and
expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent, in such capacity and
not in its capacity as a Purchaser, pursuant to and in accordance
with the express terms of this Agreement, (y) any payment
obtained by a Purchaser as consideration for the assignment of or
sale of a participation in any of the Obligations owed to such
Purchaser to any assignee or participant or (z) any payment to
a Purchaser in accordance with Section 2.6 or
Section 8.2(a)(iii) .
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(a)
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Any
and all payments by each Issuer Party under any Transaction
Document shall be made, in accordance with Section 2.5
of this Agreement, free and clear of and without deduction for any
and all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, deductions,
charges or withholdings, and all liabilities with respect thereto,
excluding, in the case of each Purchaser, net income taxes that are
imposed by the United States and franchise, net income and/or
capital gain taxes that are imposed on such Purchaser by the state
or foreign jurisdiction under the laws of which such Purchaser is
organized or any political subdivision thereof or in which such
Purchaser’s lending office is located or by a jurisdiction as
a result of a present, former or future connection with such
Purchaser (other than a connection solely resulting from or
attributable to such Person having executed, delivered or performed
its obligations or received a payment under, or enforced, this
Agreement) or any branch profits tax imposed by the United States
or any similar tax imposed by any other jurisdiction in which such
Purchaser is located (all such non-excluded taxes, levies, imposts,
deductions, charges, withholdings and liabilities being referred to
in this Section 2.6 as “ Taxes ”).
If any Issuer Party shall be required by law to deduct any Taxes
from or in respect of any sum payable under any of the Transaction
Documents to any Purchaser, (i) the sum payable shall be
increased by such Issuer Party as may be necessary so that after
making all required deductions (including deductions applicable to
additional sums payable under this Section 2.6 ) such
Purchaser receives an amount equal to the sum such Purchaser would
have received had no such deductions been made, (ii) such
Issuer Party shall make such deductions and withholding and
(iii) such Issuer Party shall pay the full amount deducted to
the relevant taxation authority or other authority in accordance
with applicable law.
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(b)
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In
addition, each Issuer Party shall pay any present or future stamp,
documentary, excise, property or similar taxes, charges or levies
that arise from any payment made by such Issuer Party under any of
the Transaction Documents or from the execution, delivery or
registration of, or otherwise with respect to, any of the
Transaction Documents (referred to in this Section 2.6
as “ Other Taxes ”).
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(c)
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Each Issuer Party, jointly and
severally, shall indemnify each Purchaser for the full amount of
Taxes and Other Taxes, and for the full amount of Taxes and Other
Taxes imposed by any jurisdiction on amounts payable under this
Section 2.6, paid by such Purchaser and any liability
(including penalties, additions to tax, interest and reasonable
expenses but excluding penalties, additions to tax, interest and
expenses caused by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of
such Purchaser) arising therefrom or with respect thereto. This
indemnification shall be made within 30 days from the date the
applicable Purchaser makes written demand therefor.
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(d)
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Within 30 days after the date
of any payment of Taxes by or on behalf of any Issuer Party in
respect of amounts payable to any Purchaser, such Issuer Party
shall furnish to such Purchaser, at its address referred to in
Section 12.2 , the original receipt of payment thereof
or a certified copy of such receipt.
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(e)
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Each Purchaser (and any successor or
transferee of such Purchaser) that is a Foreign Purchaser shall, on
or prior to the date of its execution and delivery of this
Agreement in the case of a Purchaser party to this Agreement as at
the date hereof, and in the case of any successor or transferee of
a Purchaser after the date hereof on or prior to the date it
becomes a successor or transferee, to the extent possible and if
not possible, as soon as practicable after such successor or
transferee becomes a Purchaser (and from time to time thereafter if
requested in writing by an Issuer Party at the time or times
prescribed by law, but only so long thereafter as it remains
lawfully able to do so), provide such Issuer Party with Internal
Revenue Service form W-8IMY, W-8BEN and/or W-8ECI, as appropriate,
or any successor form(s) prescribed by the Internal Revenue
Service, certifying that the beneficial owner of the Notes is
exempt from or is entitled to a reduced rate of United States
withholding tax on interest payments on the Notes. Each Purchaser
(and any successor or transferee of such Purchaser) that is not a
Foreign Purchaser shall, upon the request of the Issuer Parties, on
or prior to the date of its execution and delivery of this
Agreement in the case of a Purchaser party to this Agreement as at
the date hereof, and in the case of any successor or transferee of
a Purchaser after the date hereof on or prior to the date it
becomes a successor or transferee, to the extent possible and if
not possible, as soon as practicable after such successor or
transferee becomes a Purchaser (and from time to time thereafter if
requested in writing by an Issuer Party at the time or times
prescribed by law, but only so long thereafter as it remains
lawfully able to do so), provide such Issuer Party with Internal
Revenue Service form W-9, certifying that such Person is exempt
from United States backup withholding tax with respect to the
Notes. Any United States withholding tax applicable to payments to
such Person under the existing law at the time it first becomes a
party
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to
this Agreement shall be excluded from Taxes; provided,
however , that, if due to a change in law after the date that a
Person first becomes a party to this Agreement, United States
withholding taxes are imposed in respect to payments under this
Agreement and otherwise are not considered excluded from Taxes with
respect to such Person, the term “Taxes” shall
thereafter include United States withholding tax, if any,
applicable with respect to such Person (or any successor or
transferee of such Person). If any form or document referred to in
this subsection (e) and requested by an Issuer Party pursuant
to this subsection (e) requires the disclosure of information,
other than information necessary to compute the tax payable and
information required by Internal Revenue Service forms W-8IMY,
W-8BEN and/or W-8ECI (including any amended or successor forms)
that the provider reasonably considers to be confidential, the
provider shall give notice thereof to such Issuer Party and shall
not be obligated to include in such form or document such
confidential information, provided that if the failure to
provide such information results in the imposition of United States
withholding tax at a rate in excess of the rate at which such tax
would be imposed if such information were provided, then such
excess withholding tax shall be considered excluded from
Taxes.
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(f)
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For
any period with respect to which any Purchaser has failed to
provide an Issuer Party with the appropriate form described in
Section 2.6(e) (other than if such failure is due to a
change in law occurring after the date such Person first becomes a
party to this Agreement or if such form otherwise is not required
under Section 2.6(e) ), such Purchaser shall not be
entitled to indemnification under this Section 2.6 with
respect to Taxes imposed by the United States relating to interest
payments on the Notes; provided, however , that should such
Person become subject to Taxes because of its failure to deliver a
form required hereunder, such Issuer Party shall take such steps as
such Person shall reasonably request to assist such Person to
recover such Taxes, and such Person shall reimburse such Issuer
Party for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of such Issuer
Party incurred in providing such assistance.
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(g)
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If
any Issuer Party pays any amount pursuant this Section 2.6
with respect to any Purchaser, such Purchaser shall use reasonable
efforts to obtain a refund of Taxes or credit against future tax
liabilities on account of such payment. If any Purchaser receives a
refund for (or determines that there has been an overpayment of) or
credit against any Taxes or other amounts as to which such
Purchaser has been indemnified pursuant to this
Section 2.6 or on account of which additional amounts
have been paid pursuant to this Section 2.6 , such
Purchaser shall promptly notify the Issuer Parties and pay over
such refund or overpayment to the applicable Issuer Party (but only
to the extent such Purchaser has been indemnified pursuant to this
Section 2.6 ) or of additional amounts paid by such
Issuer Party under this Section 2.6 with respect to
Taxes or other amounts on account of which additional amounts have
been paid) net of all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of such
Purchaser and without interest (other than any interest actually
received thereon from the respective Governmental Authority with
respect to such refund net of any Taxes estimated by such Purchaser
to be payable
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by
it in respect of such interest). If, at any time after a Purchaser
makes a payment to any Issuer Party pursuant to the preceding
sentence, such Purchaser determines that it was not entitled to the
full amount of any refund or overpayment (together with interest
thereon (if any)) reimbursed to such Issuer Party, such Issuer
Party upon the demand of such Purchaser shall promptly pay to such
Purchaser the amounts so refunded or overpaid and paid over to such
Issuer Party (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed
by the relevant Governmental Authority and attributable solely to
the amount of such refund or overpayment paid over to such Issuer
Party). If any Issuer Party determines in good faith that a
reasonable basis exists for contesting a Tax or Other Tax, and if
it so requests, the Purchasers shall cooperate in challenging such
Tax or Other Tax at the Issuer Parties’ expense. If any
Purchaser becomes aware that it is entitled to claim a refund in
respect of a Tax or Other Tax as to which it has been indemnified
by the Issuer Parties pursuant to Section 2.6(c) or
with respect to which any Issuer Party paid additional amounts
pursuant to Section 2.6(a) , it shall promptly notify
the Issuer Parties of the availability of such refund claim and
shall, within 30 days after receipt of a request by any Issuer
Party, make a claim to the applicable Governmental Authority for
such refund at the Issuer Parties’ expense. Nothing contained
in this Section 2.6(g) shall require any Purchaser to
make available its tax returns (or any other information relating
to its taxes that it deems confidential) to any Issuer Party or any
other Person.
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(h)
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If
any Issuer Party is required to make additional payments or
indemnification payments pursuant to this Section 2.6
to or on account of a party to this Agreement as a result of a
change in law or treaty occurring after such party first becomes a
party to this Agreement, then such party shall, at such Issuer
Party’s request, change the jurisdiction of its lending
office, provided that (i) such Issuer Party has a
reasonable basis for determining that such change will eliminate or
reduce any additional or indemnification payment which may
thereafter accrue and (ii) such party determines in its
reasonable discretion that such change is not disadvantageous to
it.
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(i)
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If
any Purchaser requests compensation under Section 2.6 ,
then such Issuer Party may, at its sole expense and effort, upon
notice to such Purchaser and the Administrative Agent, require such
Purchaser to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance
with and subject to the restrictions contained in, and consents
required by, Section 12.3), all of its interests, rights and
obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction
Documents and such assignee shall assume such obligations (which
assignee may be another Purchaser, if a Purchaser accepts such
assignment); provided that:
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(i)
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the
Administrative Agent shall have been paid the processing and
recordation fee specified in Section 12.3(d)
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(ii)
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such Purchaser shall have received
payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its
Notes, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees
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and
all other amounts payable to it hereunder and under the other
Transaction Documents (other than prepayment penalties);
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(iii)
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in
the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for
compensation under Section 2. 6, such assignment will
result in a reduction in such compensation or payments thereafter;
and
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(iv)
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such assignment does not conflict
with applicable Requirements of Law.
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A
Purchaser shall not be required to make any such assignment or
delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such
Purchasers or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Issuer
Party to require such assignment and delegation cease to
apply.
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3.
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CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF THE
PURCHASERS TO PURCHASE THE NOTES ON THE CLOSING DATE
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The
obligations of each of the Purchasers to purchase the Closing Notes
on the Closing Date, to pay the purchase price therefor on the
Closing Date and to perform any of its obligations hereunder, shall
be subject to the satisfaction as determined by, or waived by, each
of the Purchasers of the conditions set forth in this
Section 3 on or before the Closing Date.
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3.1
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Representations and
Warranties
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The
representations and warranties set forth in any Transaction
Document shall be true and correct in all material respects at and
as of the Closing Date, as if made at and as of such
date.
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3.2
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Compliance with this
Agreement
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The
Issuer Parties shall have performed and complied with all of their
agreements herein and satisfied the conditions set forth or
contemplated herein that are required to be performed or complied
with or satisfied by the Issuer Parties on or before the Closing
Date.
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3.3
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Secretary’s
Certificates
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The
Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate from each of
the Issuer Parties, dated the Closing Date, and signed by an
officer thereof, certifying (a) that the attached copies of
its Organizational Documents and resolutions of its Board of
Directors approving the Transaction Documents to which it is a
party and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, are all
true, complete and correct and remain unamended and in full force
and effect, and (b) as to the incumbency and specimen
signature of each officer thereof executing any Transaction
Document or any other document delivered in connection herewith on
behalf thereof.
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3.4
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Good Standing
Certificates
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The
Administrative Agent shall have received as of the Closing Date,
good standing and franchise (or similar) tax status certificates
for each Issuer Party, dated within thirty (30) days of the
Closing Date, from each of their respective jurisdictions of
incorporation or organization and all other jurisdictions where
they are required to be qualified as a foreign corporation, limited
liability company or partnership, in each case in form and
substance satisfactory to the Purchasers.
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3.5
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Purchase of Notes Permitted by
Applicable Laws
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The
acquisition of and payment for the Closing Notes to be acquired by
the Purchasers hereunder and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby (a) shall not be prohibited by any
Requirement of Law, (b) shall not subject the Purchasers to
any penalty or other onerous condition under or pursuant to any
Requirement of Law, and (c) shall be permitted by all
Requirements of Law to which the Purchasers or the transactions
contemplated by or referred to herein or in the other Transaction
Documents are subject; and the Purchasers shall have received such
certificates or other evidence as they may reasonably request to
establish compliance with this condition.
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3.6
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Opinion of Counsel
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The
Administrative Agent shall have received an opinion of outside
counsel to the Issuer Parties, dated as of the Closing Date,
addressed to the Administrative Agent and each of the Purchasers,
relating to the transactions contemplated by or referred to
herein.
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3.7
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Approval of Counsel To the
Purchasers
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All
actions and proceedings hereunder and all agreements, schedules,
exhibits, certificates, financial information, filings and other
documents required to be delivered by the Issuer Parties or in
connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby, and all other related matters, shall have been in form and
substance acceptable to Loeb & Loeb LLP, special counsel to the
Purchasers, in its reasonable judgment (including, without
limitation, the opinion of counsel referred to in
Section 3.6 hereof).
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3.8
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Consents and
Approvals
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All
consents, exemptions, authorizations, or other actions by, or
notices to, or filings with, Governmental Authorities and other
Persons in respect of all Requirements of Law and with respect to
the Contracts of the Issuer Parties necessary in connection with
the execution, delivery or performance (including, without
limitation, the payment of interest on the Closing Notes) by each
Issuer Party or enforcement against the Issuer Parties of the
Transaction Documents and the Related Transactions Documents shall
have been obtained and be in full force and effect, and the
Purchasers shall have been furnished with appropriate evidence
thereof, and all waiting periods shall have lapsed without
extension
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