INVESTMENT PROGRAM AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.
AND
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY FINANCE, L.P.
as
of January 22, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
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Section 1.01.
Definitions
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ARTICLE II
PURPOSE
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Section 2.01.
Places of Business
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Section 2.02.
Purpose
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Section 2.03.
Term
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Section 2.04.
No Liability to Ashford, PIM or the PIM Investors
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Section 2.05.
Other Business Activities of PIM and the PIM Investors
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Section 2.06.
Rights of PIM Investors
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Section 2.07.
Other Business Activities of Ashford
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ARTICLE III
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
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Section 3.01.
Capital Commitments
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Section 3.02.
Capital Calls
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ARTICLE IV
MANAGEMENT; INDEMNIFICATION
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Section 4.01.
Management
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Section 4.02.
No Assignment
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Section 4.03.
Program Representatives
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Section 4.04.
Removal of Program Representatives
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Section 4.05.
Program Reimbursable Expenses
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Section 4.06.
Program Acts
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Section 4.07.
Compensation
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Section 4.08.
Presentation of Opportunities
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Section 4.09.
Indemnification
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Section 4.10.
Non-Competition/Exclusivity
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Section 4.11.
Management Fee; Workout and Restructuring Fee
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Section 4.12.
Sourcing Fees
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Section 4.13.
Potential Ashford Spinoff
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ARTICLE V
INTENTIONALLY OMITTED
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ARTICLE VI
COVENANTS
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Section 6.01.
Confidentiality
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Section 6.02.
Compliance with Law
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ARTICLE VII
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PIM AND ASHFORD
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Section 7.01.
Representations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ARTICLE VIII
DISSOLUTION AND TERMINATION
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Section 8.01.
Termination
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ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS
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Section 9.01.
Specific Performance; Other Rights
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Section 9.02.
Notices
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Section 9.03.
Prior Agreements; Construction; Entire Agreement
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Section 9.04.
No Waiver
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Section 9.05.
Amendments
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Section 9.06.
Severability
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Section 9.07.
Counterparts
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Section 9.08.
Applicable Law; Jurisdiction
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Section 9.09.
Waiver Of Jury Trial
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Section 9.10.
Arbitration
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Section 9.11.
No Rights of Third Parties
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Section 9.12.
Further Assurances
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Section 9.13.
Survival
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Section 9.14.
Headings
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Section 9.15.
No Broker
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Section 9.16.
Currency
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Section 9.17.
Attorneys’ Fees
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Section 9.18.
REOC Compliance
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Exhibits
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Exhibit A
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Form of Subsidiary Agreement |
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Exhibit B
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Form of Master Venture Agreement |
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Exhibit C
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Investment Criteria |
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Exhibit D
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Preliminary Package Materials |
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Exhibit E
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Form of Preliminary Approval
Notice |
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Exhibit F
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Full Package Materials |
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Exhibit G
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Form of Approval Notice |
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Exhibit H
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Qualifying Investments For Purposes
of Section 8.01 |
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Exhibit I
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Form of Loan Servicing Agreement |
-ii-
INVESTMENT PROGRAM AGREEMENT
This INVESTMENT PROGRAM AGREEMENT
(the “ Agreement ”), is made and entered into to
be effective for all purposes as of January 22, 2008, by and
between Prudential Investment Management, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (together with its successors and assigns,
collectively, “ PIM ”) and Ashford Hospitality
Finance LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“ Ashford
”). All capitalized terms used in this Agreement which are
not otherwise defined have the meanings set forth in
Article I .
WITNESSETH :
WHEREAS, Ashford is presently
acquiring, owning, managing, operating, financing, mortgaging,
encumbering, exchanging, selling, repairing, disposing or otherwise
dealing with Qualifying Investments (as such term is defined in
Article I hereof);
WHEREAS , Ashford and PIM
have agreed to establish an exclusive investment program (the
“ Program ”) between one (1) or more
investors advised by PREI (as hereinafter defined) or PIM (each, a
“ PIM Investor ” and collectively the “
PIM Investors ”) and Ashford. Under the Program, the
PIM Investors will provide in the aggregate up to $300,000,000 in
capital to acquire Investments (as such term is defined in
Article I hereof), and Ashford will provide in the aggregate
up to $100,000,000 in capital to acquire such Investments, as more
particularly provided in this Agreement;
WHEREAS , each PIM Investor
and Ashford will form a master joint venture between such PIM
Investor and Ashford (the “ Master Venture ”),
which in turn will form separate limited liability companies (each,
a “ Subsidiary ”) to acquire Investments;
and
WHEREAS, this Agreement is
being entered into by PIM and Ashford to govern the affairs of the
Program; and
WHEREAS, PIM will perform its
obligations under this Agreement through Prudential Real Estate
Investors (“ PREI ”).
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the premises and the mutual promises and covenants
contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby
acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01.
Definitions . As used in this Agreement, the
following terms shall have the following meanings:
“ Accepted Loan Servicing
Practices ” for each Master Venture Agreement and
applicable Investment, shall have the meaning set forth in such
Master Venture Agreement.
“ Acquisition
Opportunity ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.08(a) hereof.
“ Active ”
shall mean, with respect to an Acquisition Opportunity, Qualifying
Investment or Pipeline Transaction, that the PIM Program
Representative has not eliminated the Acquisition Opportunity,
Qualifying Investment or Pipeline Transaction from
consideration.
“ Affiliate
” shall mean, when used with reference to a specified Person,
(i) any Person that directly or indirectly, through one or
more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under
common Control with the specified Person; (ii) any Person who,
from time to time, is a spouse or immediate relative of a specified
Person; or (iii) any Person who, directly or indirectly, is
the beneficial owner of ten percent (10%) or more of any class of
equity securities or other ownership interests of the specified
Person, or of which the specified Person is directly or indirectly
the owner of ten percent (10%) or more of any class of equity
securities or other ownership interests.
“ Agreement
” shall mean this Investment Program Agreement as originally
executed and as amended, supplemented or restated from time to
time.
“ Ashford Capital
Commitment ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3.01(c) hereof.
“ Assets ”
shall mean the assets and property, whether tangible or intangible
and whether real, personal, or mixed, at any time owned by or held,
directly or indirectly, by or for the benefit of one or more of the
Subsidiaries, including any Investments, and all right, title, and
interest, if any, held and owned, directly or indirectly, by a
Master Venture, but excluding any and all rights to the name
“Ashford,” and all variations thereof and all
associated goodwill, which shall be deemed the exclusive property
of Ashford.
“ Business Day
” shall mean each day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any
other day on which banking institutions in the State of New York
are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to be
closed.
“ Capital Call
”, for a Master Venture Agreement, shall have the meaning set
forth in such Master Venture Agreement.
“ Capital Call
Notice ”, for a Master Venture Agreement, shall have
the meaning set forth in such Master Venture Agreement.
“ Capital
Commitments ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3.01(c) hereof.
“ Change in
Control ” shall mean such time as there is
(a) the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly,
beneficially or of record, by any Person or group (within the
meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the
Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder as in effect on the
date hereof), of equity interests representing more than 50% of
the
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aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and
outstanding equity interests of Ashford; or (b) occupation of
a majority of the seats (other than vacant seats) on the board of
directors of Ashford by Persons who were not directors as of the
date of this Agreement, other than Persons either
(i) nominated by the board of directors of Ashford as
constituted as of the date of this Agreement or (ii) appointed
by directors so nominated.
“ Code ”
shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any
corresponding provision of succeeding law).
“ Control ”
(including the terms “ Controlling ,”
“ Controlled by ” and “ under
common Control with ”) shall mean the
possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether
through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise.
“ Duty Breach
” shall mean a breach of any material obligation under this
Agreement (including, but not limited to, Sections 4.09,
4.11 , or 4.12 ), any Subsidiary Agreement or any Master
Venture Agreement, which remains uncured for a period of at least
thirty (30) days after receipt of notice of such breach,
provided , that if such breach can be cured but is not
reasonably capable of being cured within such thirty (30)-day
period, such longer period of time as is necessary to cure such
breach but in no event in excess of a total of seventy-five
(75) days. A failure to make a capital contribution shall not
be considered a Duty Breach.
“ Funding Date
”, for a Master Venture Agreement, shall have the meaning set
forth in such Master Venture Agreement.
“ including
” shall mean “including, without
limitation,”.
“ Initial Term
” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.03 hereof.
“ Investment
” shall mean, as applicable, the Closing of a Qualifying
Investment by a Master Venture or a Subsidiary during the term of
this Agreement and the Qualifying Investment thereby
acquired.
“ Investment
Criteria ” has the meaning ascribed to it in
Exhibit C hereof.
“ Investment
Documents ” shall mean the documents
evidencing, securing and governing Investments in form and
substance approved by PIM.
“ IRS ”
shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Service.
“ Loan Servicing
Agreement ” shall mean, with respect to a Master
Venture Agreement, that certain Loan Servicing Agreement
substantially in the form attached to this Agreement as
Exhibit I entered into between the applicable Master
Venture and Ashford, as it may be amended from time to time, and
applicable to the Investments held directly or indirectly by such
Master Venture.
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“ Major Uncured
Breach ”, for a Master Venture Agreement, shall mean
(i) a Duty Breach, or (ii) a Change in Control of
Ashford.
“ Master Venture
” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals
hereof.
“ Master Venture
Agreement ” means each Limited Liability Company
Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit B to
this Agreement, by and between each PIM Investor and Ashford as
each of the foregoing may be amended from time to time.
“ Master Venture
Expenses ”, for a Master Venture, shall mean the
reasonable, out-of-pocket third party costs of operating such
Master Venture as described in the applicable Master Venture
Agreement and referred to therein as the “Company
Expenses”.
“ Person ”
shall mean any individual, partnership, corporation, limited
liability company, joint venture, association, trust,
unincorporated organization or other governmental or legal
entity.
“ PIM Capital
Commitment ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3.01(a) hereof.
“ PIM Investors
” shall mean entities advised by, or otherwise affiliated
with, PIM that have been selected by PIM to acquire Investments
directly or indirectly through one or more Master Ventures.
“ Pipeline
Transactions ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.08(g) hereof.
“ Preliminary
Approval ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.08(c) hereof.
“ Preliminary
Package ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.08(b) hereof.
“ Prime Rate
” shall mean the rate of interest published from time to time
by The Wall Street Journal, as the “prime rate.”
“ Program ”
shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals hereof.
“ Program Counsel
” shall mean one or more attorneys (exclusive of internal
counsel) or law firms engaged from time to time by the Program
Representatives.
“ Program
Representative ” shall mean one
(1) representative for each of Ashford and PIM who will review
Qualifying Investments, as more particularly provided in
Article 4 .
“ Program Reimbursable
Expenses ” shall mean, without duplication, Master
Venture Expenses and the reasonable, out-of-pocket third party
costs and expenses of Ashford and PIM associated with identifying,
underwriting, performing due diligence on and negotiating and
closing Qualifying Investments, including costs of travel for PIM
and Ashford representatives and such third parties, in each case
for Qualifying Investments that have received Preliminary Approval
and to the extent not otherwise reimbursed to Ashford or PIM, as
the case may be, including by a borrower under a Qualifying
Investment; provided, however, that if a Qualifying
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Investment shall not be acquired by a Master Venture or a
Subsidiary following Preliminary Approval of such Qualifying
Investment, “Program Reimbursable Expenses” for such
Qualifying Investment shall include only such expenses incurred
from and after such time as PIM has granted its Preliminary
Approval of the applicable Qualifying Investment.
“ Proprietary
Information ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 6.01(a) hereof.
“ Qualifying
Investment ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.08(a) hereof.
“ Sourcing Fee
”, under a Master Venture Agreement, shall have the meaning
set forth in such Master Venture Agreement.
“ Subsidiary
” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals
hereof.
“ Subsidiary
Agreement ” shall mean the limited liability company
agreement of a particular Subsidiary, substantially in the form of
Exhibit A to this Agreement, subject to such changes as
will not adversely affect the economic terms of such form but as
may be necessary or desirable for any one (1) or more
Investors to address tax or other legal issues applicable to any of
them.
“ Term ”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.03
hereof.
“ Unfunded Capital
Commitment ”, for a Master Venture, shall have the
meaning set forth in the applicable Master Venture Agreement.
ARTICLE II
PURPOSE
Section 2.01.
Places of Business . Ashford may locate its place or
places of business at any place or places as Ashford may from time
to time determine and identify to PIM. Ashford’s initial
principal place of business shall be at 14185 Dallas Parkway,
Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas 75254.
Section 2.02.
Purpose . The principal purposes of the Program shall
be to identify Qualifying Investments for the Master Ventures or
their Subsidiaries to acquire, own, manage, operate, finance,
mortgage, encumber, exchange, sell, repair, dispose or otherwise
deal with. The business and purpose of the Program shall be limited
to its principal purposes, unless the Program Representatives
otherwise determine by their unanimous vote.
Section 2.03.
Term . The term of this Agreement (the “
Term ”) commenced on the date hereof and shall
continue until the winding up of each Master Venture and/or
Subsidiary and its Investments, but in no event beyond the
twentieth (20 th ) anniversary
of the date hereof, unless this Agreement is terminated sooner in
accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The initial
investment period under this Agreement will be two (2) years
(the “ Initial Term ”), unless this Agreement is
terminated sooner in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement.
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Section 2.04. No
Liability to Ashford, PIM or the PIM Investors .
(a) Except
as otherwise required by law or the provisions of this Agreement or
any Master Venture Agreement or Subsidiary Agreement, none of
Ashford, PIM, any PIM Investor or any Affiliate of any of the
foregoing or any Program Representative, nor any of the
Program’s current or former Affiliates, officers or agents,
if any, shall be liable to the Program, any Master Venture or
Subsidiary or to each other for any debts, liabilities or
obligations of the Program, whether arising in contract, tort or
otherwise, or for any action taken, or omitted to be taken, in good
faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed
to, the best interest of the Program and, with respect to any
criminal action or proceeding, for any action taken, or omitted to
be taken, with no reasonable cause to believe that the conduct was
unlawful, in each case except to the extent of the applicable
party’s adjudicated fraud, gross negligence, willful
misconduct, criminal conduct (unless there was no reasonable cause
to believe the criminal action taken or omitted was
unlawful) or to the extent such action taken or omitted to be
taken constitutes a material breach of any provision of this
Agreement or other contract between such party and the Program.
Except as expressly set forth herein, none of Ashford, PIM, any PIM
Investor or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing shall have to
make any contributions or deliver any letters of credit, guaranties
or other tangible property to any Subsidiary or Master Venture.
Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to make Ashford or any
PIM Investor liable for any losses or debts of the Program, except
to the extent of losses of their respective capital contributions
to a Subsidiary or the Master Venture pursuant to the terms of the
applicable Subsidiary Agreement or Master Venture Agreement.
(b) No
Affiliate or member of any of Ashford, PIM or any PIM Investor
shall have personal liability for the obligations of such person
hereunder or otherwise, except as provided herein or under
applicable law or in a written agreement (including this Agreement,
any Subsidiary Agreement or any Master Venture Agreement), the
parties to which include such Affiliate.
(c) Nothing
in this Agreement, and, without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, in this Section 2.04 , expressed or implied,
is intended or shall be construed to give to any creditor of the
Program, any Subsidiary or Master Venture or to any creditor of
Ashford, PIM or any PIM Investor or any creditor of any other
Person whatsoever, other than Ashford, PIM and the Program, any
legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of
this Agreement or any covenant, condition or provisions herein
contained, and such provisions are and shall be held to be for the
sole and exclusive benefit of Ashford, PIM, any PIM Investor and
the Program.
Section 2.05.
Other Business Activities of PIM and the PIM
Investors . Subject to the provisions of this Agreement,
any Subsidiary Agreement or any Master Venture Agreement, including
the provisions of Section 6.01 hereof, PIM and the PIM
Investors and their Affiliates may have other business interests
and may engage in other business ventures of any nature or
description whatsoever, whether presently existing or hereafter
created, including, the acquisition, development, ownership,
administration, servicing, leasing, management, operation,
franchising, syndication, financing, refinancing and/or sale of
real estate or real estate-related investments and may compete,
directly or indirectly, with the business of the Program. None
of
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PIM, the
PIM Investors or their Affiliates shall incur any liability to the
Program, Ashford, PIM or any other PIM Investor as a result of the
pursuit by such PIM Investor or its Affiliates of such other
business interests and ventures and competitive activity, and
neither the Program nor Ashford, PIM or any other PIM Investor
shall have any right to participate in such other business
interests or ventures or to receive or share in any income derived
therefrom.
Section 2.06.
Rights of PIM Investors . Ashford hereby acknowledges
that each PIM Investor that executes a Master Venture Agreement
with Ashford is a third party beneficiary of all covenants and
obligations of Ashford and its Affiliates to the Program and PIM
under this Agreement.
Section 2.07.
Other Business Activities of Ashford . Subject to the
provisions of this Agreement, any Subsidiary Agreement or any
Master Venture Agreement, including the provisions of
Section 4.10 hereof, Ashford and its Affiliates may
have other business interests and may engage in other business
ventures of any nature or description whatsoever, whether presently
existing or hereafter created, including, the development,
ownership, leasing, management, operation, franchising,
syndication, financing, refinancing and/or sale of real estate any
of which may compete, directly or indirectly, with the business of
the Program or any Subsidiary or any member thereof. Neither
Ashford nor its Affiliates shall incur any liability to the
Program, PIM, any PIM Investor, any Master Venture, any Subsidiary
or any of its members or their Affiliates as a result of the
pursuit by Ashford or any of its Affiliates of such other real
estate, business interests or ventures, except as provided herein
or in any Master Venture Agreement or Subsidiary Agreement, and
neither the Program, PIM, any PIM Investor, any Master Venture, any
Subsidiary nor any of its members nor their Affiliates shall have
any right to participate in such other real estate holdings,
business interests or ventures or to receive or share in any income
derived therefrom except as provided herein or in any Master
Venture Agreement or Subsidiary Agreement.
ARTICLE III
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Section 3.01.
Capital Commitments .
(a) During
the Initial Term, PIM shall identify one or more PIM Investors to
provide an aggregate of up to $300 million (as outstanding,
the “ PIM Capital Commitment ”) to acquire
Investments through various Subsidiaries. Each PIM Investor will
contribute capital to its Master Venture and/or applicable
Subsidiary in accordance with its Master Venture Agreement and/or
the Subsidiary Agreement of the applicable Subsidiary.
(b) In
lieu of identifying a PIM Investor to fund a Capital Call, PIM, at
its sole discretion, may choose to utilize one or more credit
facilities available to it to fund a Capital Call; provided,
however, that the use of such credit facilities shall not require
or result in any security interest, lien or other encumbrance upon
the interests of PIM or any PIM Investor in any
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Master
Venture or Subsidiary. In the instance that PIM shall utilize a
credit facility to fund an Investment, such monies shall reduce
PIM’s Unfunded Capital Commitment.
(c) Ashford
shall provide an aggregate of up to $100 million (the “
Ashford Capital Commitment ” and together with the PIM
Capital Commitment, the “ Capital Commitments ”)
to acquire Investments through various Subsidiaries. Ashford will
contribute capital to the applicable Master Venture and/or
applicable Subsidiary in accordance with the applicable Master
Venture Agreement and/or the Subsidiary Agreement of the applicable
Subsidiary.
(d) PIM
and Ashford shall contribute the capital required for each
Investment on a seventy-five percent (75%), twenty-five percent
(25%) basis, respectively, as more particularly provided in each
Master Venture Agreement. Each PIM Investor’s equity shall be
in a senior position, while Ashford’s equity shall be in a
first-loss position with respect to each individual Investment, as
more particularly provided in each Master Venture Agreement.
Section 3.02.
Capital Calls .
(a) The
Program Representatives shall make all capital calls on behalf of
each Master Venture and Subsidiary in accordance with the terms of
the applicable Subsidiary Agreement and Master Venture Agreement,
each in the form attached hereto as Exhibits A and B
respectively.
(b) None
of PIM or the PIM Investors shall be obligated to fund amounts
requested by a Capital Call (x) unless all actions of Ashford
and its servicing agents permitted hereunder are materially
consistent with Accepted Loan Servicing Practices at the time of
such Capital Call or (y) if, prior to the Funding Date with
respect to such Capital Call Notice, no Major Uncured Breach is in
effect with respect to the applicable Master Venture. Ashford shall
not be obligated to fund amounts requested by a Capital Call if,
prior to the Funding Date with respect to such Capital Call Notice,
any Duty Breach by PIM or any PIM Investor is in effect.
ARTICLE IV
MANAGEMENT; INDEMNIFICATION
Section 4.01.
Management . Subject to the other terms of this
Agreement and each Master Venture Agreement, the business and
affairs of the Program and of each Master Venture shall be managed
solely and exclusively by the Program Representatives.
Section 4.02. No
Assignment . No party hereto shall have the right, directly
or indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise, to assign, sell,
pledge, mortgage, encumber or otherwise transfer all or any portion
of its right, title or interest under this Agreement, except to an
entity under common Control with such party and upon prior written
notice to the other party. Any assignment, sale, pledge, mortgage,
encumbrance or other transfer prohibited hereunder shall be null
and void.
8
Section 4.03.
Program Representatives . Eac
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