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EX-10.29 SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE CONTRACT

Joint Venture JV Agreement

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COOPER CHENGSHAN (SHANDONG) TIRE COMPANY LTD. | COOPER TIRE INVESTMENT HOLDING (BARBADOS) LTD.

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Title: EX-10.29 SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE CONTRACT
Date: 3/1/2006
Industry: TIRESS     Sector: CYCLIC

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                                                               EXHIBIT 10 (xxix)
================================================================================

                   SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE CONTRACT

                                       FOR

                  COOPER CHENGSHAN (SHANDONG) TIRE COMPANY LTD.

                                  BY AND AMONG

                SHANDONG CHENGSHAN TIRE COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

                                       AND


                 COOPER TIRE INVESTMENT HOLDING (BARBADOS) LTD.

                                       AND

                         JOY THRIVE INVESTMENTS LIMITED
================================================================================

                                OCTOBER 27, 2005

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                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
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CHAPTER                                                                                                         PAGE
-------                                                                                                         ----
<S>                                                                                                             <C>
CHAPTER 1            DEFINITIONS.............................................................................      1
CHAPTER 2            PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT.................................................................      1
CHAPTER 3            ESTABLISHMENT OF THE JOINT VENTURE......................................................      2
CHAPTER 4            PURPOSE, BUSINESS SCOPE AND SCALE OF THE JOINT VENTURE..................................      3
CHAPTER 5            TOTAL INVESTMENT AND REGISTERED CAPITAL.................................................      3
CHAPTER 6             REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.........................................................      5
CHAPTER 7            RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE PARTIES.........................................................      7
CHAPTER 8            BOARD OF DIRECTORS.....................................................................       9
CHAPTER 9            OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT...............................................................      13
CHAPTER 10           LABOR MANAGEMENT.......................................................................      15
CHAPTER 11           FINANCIAL AFFAIRS AND ACCOUNTING.......................................................      16
CHAPTER 12           PROFIT DISTRIBUTION...................................................................       17
CHAPTER 13           TAXATION AND INSURANCE.................................................................      18
CHAPTER 14           PURCHASE OF MATERIALS AND SALE OF PRODUCTS.............................................      18
CHAPTER 15           CONFIDENTIALITY AND NON-COMPETE........................................................      19
CHAPTER 17           BREACH OF CONTRACT.....................................................................      26
CHAPTER 18           FORCE MAJEURE..........................................................................      26
CHAPTER 19           DISPUTE RESOLUTION.....................................................................      26
CHAPTER 20           GOVERNING LAW & CHANGE OF LAW.........................................................       27
CHAPTER 21           EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CONTRACT                                                               28
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S>                                                                                                             <C>
CHAPTER 22           MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS...............................................................      28
APPENDIX 1           DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION                                                               31
APPENDIX 2           CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION SCHEDULE..........................................................      35
APPENDIX 3           ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT (FOR THE ASSETS TO
                     BE PURCHASED BY THE JOINT VENTURE FROM PARTY A)........................................      36
</TABLE>

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                          EQUITY JOINT VENTURE CONTRACT

This Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Contract (this "CONTRACT") is made and
entered into in the People's Republic of China ("CHINA" or "PRC") on this 27th.
day of October, 2005, in accordance with the PRC Sino-foreign Equity Joint
Venture Law (the "JOINT VENTURE Law") and other relevant PRC laws and
regulations, by and among:

(1)   SHANDONG CHENGSHAN TIRE COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES, a company limited by
      shares duly organized and existing under the laws of the PRC with its
      legal address at No. 98, Nanshan Road North, Rongcheng City, Shandong
      Province, PRC ("PARTY A");

(2)   COOPER TIRE INVESTMENT HOLDING (BARBADOS) LTD., a company duly organized
      and existing under the laws of Barbados with its legal address at
      Whitepark House, White Park Road, Bridgetown, Barbados ("PARTY B"); and

(3)   JOY THRIVE INVESTMENTS LIMITED, a company duly organized and existing
      under the laws of British Virgin Islands with its legal address at P.O.
      Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Center, Road Town, Tortola, British
      Virgin Islands ("PARTY C").

(Each party is hereinafter individually referred to as a "PARTY" and
collectively as the "PARTIES".)

In accordance with the principles of equality and mutual benefit, the Parties
have held friendly negotiations in relation to the terms and conditions for
establishing a Sino-foreign equity joint venture.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties hereby agree as follows:

                              CHAPTER 1 DEFINITIONS

Unless the terms or context of this Contract provide otherwise, capitalized
terms used herein without definition have the meanings assigned to them in
Appendix 1 attached to this Contract.

                        CHAPTER 2 PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT

2.1   The Parties. The Parties to this Contract are as follows:

    (1)  Party A:                        Shandong Chengshan Tire Company Limited
                                         by Shares

         Country of Registration:        PRC

         Legal Address:                  No. 98, Nanshan Road North, Rongcheng
                                         City, Shandong Province, PRC

         Current Legal Representative:  Che Hong-Zhi

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         Nationality:                  Chinese

    (2)  Party B:                      Cooper Tire Investment Holding (Barbados)
                                       Ltd.

        Country of Registration:       Barbados

        Legal Address:                Whitepark House, White Park Road,
                                      Bridgetown, Barbados

        Current Legal Representative: Harold C. Miller

        Nationality:                  U.S.A

    (3) Party C:                      Joy Thrive Investments Limited

        Country of Registration:      British Virgin Islands

        Legal Address:               P.O. Box 957, Offshore Incorporations
                                     Center, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin
                                     Islands

       Current Legal Representative: Nuansir Sirisuwat

       Nationality:                  Thailand

                  CHAPTER 3 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE JOINT VENTURE

3.1   Establishment of the Joint Venture. In accordance with the Joint Venture
      Law and other relevant PRC laws and regulations, the Parties hereby enter
      into this Contract for the establishment of the Joint Venture as a
      Sino-foreign equity joint venture in the form of a limited liability
      company.

3.2   Joint Venture Name, Legal Address.

      (1)   The name of the Joint Venture in English is "Cooper Chengshan
            (Shandong) Tire Company Ltd." The name of the Joint Venture in
            Chinese is [CHINESE CHARACTERS]

      (2)   The legal address of the Joint Venture is No. 98, North Nanshan Road
            , Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, PRC.

3.3   Limited Liability Company. The Joint Venture shall be organized as a
      company with limited liability under PRC law, liable for its own debts
      with its own assets. The liability of each Party shall be limited to the
      amount of the Registered Capital expressly subscribed by such Party
      according to Article 5.2 hereof. No Party shall be obligated at any time
      to provide any funds to, or on behalf of, the Joint Venture by way of
      capital contribution, loan, advance, guarantee or otherwise, except as
      specifically provided in this Contract, or as otherwise agreed to in
      writing by the Parties. The Parties shall not be liable for the debts of
      the Joint Venture, unless otherwise specifically agreed in writing between
      a particular creditor and the Party or Parties concerned. Subject to the
      terms

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      and conditions of this Contract, the profits, risks and losses of
      the Joint Venture shall be shared by the Parties in proportion to their
      respective contributions to the Registered Capital.

3.4   PRC Law. The activities of the Joint Venture shall be governed by, and its
      legal rights and operational autonomy shall be protected in accordance
      with, the laws and regulations of the PRC.

      CHAPTER 4 PURPOSE, BUSINESS SCOPE AND SCALE OF THE JOINT VENTURE

4.1   Purpose of Joint Venture. The purpose of the Joint Venture is to fully
      initiate advantages of the Parties so as to enhance production technical
      standard, to promote high quality products, to produce internationally
      reputable products, to apply brand-new operation concept and management
      method, to strengthen overall capacity and competitiveness in the
      international market, to increase economic benefit, and to produce a
      satisfactory return to all investors; meanwhile, to boost the industrial
      level through an integration of the tire industry, to provide job
      opportunities in the locale, to introduce more foreign capital to the
      locale, and for sure to enhance the fast economic development in Rongcheng
      City.

4.2   Scope of Business. The Joint Venture's scope of business shall be to
      design, develop, manufacture, and sell heavy load radial tires, bias tires
      and Related Products; provide technical support and services for such
      products.

4.3   Scale of Joint Venture.

      (1)   The tire manufacture volume of the Joint Venture shall to the extent
            practicable increase by 10% per year over the next three years. The
            Joint Venture shall from time to time introduce and utilize the
            international modern technology and management expertise to fully
            activate investment benefits.

      (2)   Upon its duly establishment, the Joint Venture shall not have any
            investment in the production assembly to enlarge the production
            scale of the bias tires.

      CHAPTER 5 TOTAL INVESTMENT AND REGISTERED CAPITAL

5.1   Total Investment and Registered Capital. The Total Investment of the Joint
      Venture shall be United States Dollars ninety-nine million
      (US$99,000,000). The Registered Capital of the Joint Venture shall be
      United States Dollars forty-three million eight hundred thousand
      (US$43,800,000).

5.2   Capital Contributions. Subject to the Capital Contribution Schedule
      attached as Appendix 2 hereto, each Party shall contribute to the
      Registered Capital as follows:

      (1)   Party A shall contribute all of the land use rights and buildings
            free of all liens and encumbrances to the Joint Venture, valued in
            the amount of United States Dollars fifteen million three hundred
            and thirty thousand (US$ 15,330,000), representing thirty five
            percent (35%) of the Registered Capital;

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      (2)   Party B shall contribute cash in the amount of United States Dollars
            twenty-two million three hundred and thirty-eight thousand
            (US$22,338,000), representing fifty one percent (51%) of the
            Registered Capital; and

      (3)   Party C shall contribute cash in the amount of United States Dollars
            six million one hundred and thirty-two thousand (US$6,132,000),
            representing fourteen percent (14%) of the Registered Capital.

5.3   Schedule for Capital Contributions. Subject to Article 5.4 below, the
      Parties shall contribute their respective contributions to the Registered
      Capital in accordance with the Capital Contribution Schedule attached as
      Appendix 2 hereto.

5.4   Conditions Precedent to the Contribution of Registered Capital. The
      Parties' contribution to the Registered Capital of the Joint Venture
      pursuant to Article 5.2 hereof shall be conditioned on the satisfaction of
      all of the following:

      (1)   the Examination and Approval Authority has issued a Certificate of
            Approval, and any required changes to this Contract have been agreed
            to in writing by the Parties; and

      (2)   a Business License has been granted to the Joint Venture which
            authorizes the full scope of business of the Joint Venture described
            in Article 4.2 or any required changes thereto have been agreed to
            in writing by the Parties.

5.5   Capital Contribution Verification and Certificate. An accountant
      registered in the PRC shall be engaged by the Joint Venture to verify the
      respective capital contributions of each Party and provide a capital
      verification report(s) accordingly. The Joint Venture, upon the receipt of
      a satisfactory capital verification report, shall issue a capital
      contribution certificate to the relevant Party. This certificate shall
      include the following items: name of the Joint Venture; the Establishment
      Date; the names of the Parties and the amount of their respective capital
      contributions; the date on which the capital contributions were made; and
      the date of issuance of the capital contribution certificate. Each capital
      contribution certificate shall be signed by the Chairman and the
      Vice-Chairman of the Joint Venture. The capital contribution certificates
      shall only certify the investment of each Party and shall not be deemed as
      a note or other negotiable instrument.

5.6   Financing. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Contract, to the
      greatest extent permitted by relevant law, the Joint Venture may finance
      its operations and capital needs by way of loans, including but not
      limited to shareholder loans, loans from such banks, other financial
      institutions or qualified lenders inside or outside of China and upon such
      terms and subject to such conditions as may be approved by the Board.

5.7   Increase of Registered Capital. The Registered Capital of the Joint
      Venture may be increased by a unanimous resolution of the Board, which
      resolution shall stipulate the timing and other terms of such increase,
      with such increase subject to the approval of the Examination and Approval
      Authority and registration with the Registration Authority. If any Party
      chooses not to participate in any such additional investment in the Joint
      Venture, any other Party or Parties shall have the option to make the
      additional

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      contribution to the Joint Venture's Registered Capital and the
      ownership percentages of the Parties' equity in the Joint Venture shall be
      adjusted accordingly.

5.8   Failure to Make Contributions to Registered Capital.

      (1)   If any Party or Parties ("BREACHING PARTY(IES)") fails to make any
            contribution to the Registered Capital within the period set forth
            in Article 5.3 (the amount due and owing is referred to as the
            "DEFAULT CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION"), the Breaching Party(ies) shall pay
            the other Parties or Party (the "NON-BREACHING PARTY(IES)") (in
            proportion to their Percentage Interests) a default penalty of 0.05%
            per day based on the Default Capital Contribution from the first day
            of the breach until the day on which the Default Capital
            Contribution is contributed in full by the Breaching Party(ies).

      (2)   Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Breaching Party(ies) fails to
            make the Default Capital Contribution for more than 30 days, the
            Non-Breaching Party(ies) shall have the right to determine, in
            accordance with the applicable laws and regulations, to:

            (i)   make the additional contribution to satisfy the amount of the
                  Registered Capital of the Joint Venture, so as to increase the
                  Percentage Interest(s) of the Non-Breaching Party(ies) and
                  dilute the Percentage Interest(s) of the Breaching Party(ies)
                  accordingly; or

            (ii)  terminate this Contract in accordance with Article 16.2,
                  subject to the approval of the Examination and Approval
                  Authority.

      (3)   The provisions of this Article 5.8 shall not prejudice any other
            rights or remedies the Non-Breaching Party(ies) may have under this
            Contract or under applicable laws and regulations with respect to
            the failure of the Breaching Party(ies) to contribute capital.

5.9   Transfer of Equity Interests. If one Party wishes to transfer all or part
      of its Percentage Interest in the Joint Venture to any third party, it
      shall obtain the written consent of (including waiver of preemptive rights
      by) the other Parties, and the transfer shall be presented to the
      Examination and Approval Authority for approval.

5.10  Assets Transfer. On the date of this Contract, Party A and the Joint
      Venture shall enter into an asset purchase agreement (the "ASSET PURCHASE
      AGREEMENT") in substantially the form attached as Appendix 3 hereto for
      any existing assets of Party A in respect of the business specified in
      Article 4.2 hereof, as identified by the Joint Venture and Party A, to be
      transferred to the Joint Venture.

            CHAPTER 6 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

6.1   Representations and Warranties. Each Party hereby represents and warrants
      that, as of the date of this Contract and as of a date on which a Party
      makes a capital contribution to the Joint Venture in accordance with
      Article 5.2 herein, it:

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      (1)   has the capacity and authority to enter into this Contract and to
            perform its obligations hereunder, and is duly organized and validly
            existing under the laws of the PRC in the case of Party A, and under
            the laws of Barbados in the case of Party B, and under the laws of
            British Virgin Islands in the case of Party C;

      (2)   is not a party to, bound by or subject to any contract, instrument,
            charter or by-law provision, statute, regulation, order, judgment,
            decree or law which would be violated, contravened or breached by,
            or under which any default would occur as a result of, the execution
            and delivery by such Party of this Contract or the performance by
            such Party of any of the terms of this Contract, or which restricts
            such Party from entering into this Contract or performing its
            obligations and abiding by the terms hereunder;

      (3)   has duly authorized, executed and delivered this Contract and that
            this Contract constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation
            enforceable in accordance with its terms;

      (4)   will contribute or transfer assets in a manner which does not
            conflict with, violate or result in a breach of, any of the terms,
            conditions or provisions of any law, regulation, order, writ,
            injunction, decree, determination or award of any court,
            governmental department, board, agency or instrumentality or any
            arbitrator, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien,
            charge, security interest or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever
            upon such assets;

      (5)   freely enters into this Contract and has not and will not hereafter
            incur any obligations or commitments of any kind which would in any
            way hinder or interfere with its acceptance or performance of its
            obligations hereunder; and

      (6)   (i) has carefully read the entire Contract including the Appendices
            hereto; (ii) fully understands all of the terms, conditions,
            restrictions and provisions set forth in this Contract, (iii) agrees
            that the terms, conditions, restrictions and provisions herein are
            necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the business
            of the Joint Venture and the other Parties, and (iv) acknowledges
            that each such term, condition, restriction and provision is fair
            and reasonable with respect to the subject matter thereof.

6.2   Representations and Warranties in Respect of Party A's Assets. In respect
      of Party A's existing assets relating to the business specified in Article
      4.2 hereof, Party A represents, warrants and undertakes to Party B and
      Party C, as of the date of this Contract and as of the Closing Date (as
      such term defined in the Asset Purchase Agreement), those representations,
      warranties and undertakings set forth in the Asset Purchase Agreement are
      true and accurate in material way.

6.3   Cure and Indemnification Obligations.

      (1)   In case of any breach of the Contract by any Party, it shall, in
            accordance with the direction of any non-breaching Party within
            thirty (30) days after receiving a notice of such non-breaching
            Party concerning any breach, take all necessary actions to cure such
            breach.

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      (2)   Each Party agrees to indemnify and hold the other Parties and the
            Joint Venture harmless from and against any and all claims, losses,
            damages, and costs arising out of any of its breach of any of its
            covenants or representations and warranties contained herein,
            including reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in connection with the
            enforcement of this Contract or the undertaking of any necessary
            legal actions or responses involving any third parties.

            CHAPTER 7 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE PARTIES

7.1   Party A's Responsibilities. In addition to its other obligations under
      this Contract, Party A shall be responsible for the following matters:

      (1)   Providing capital contributions in accordance with the terms and
            conditions of this Contract and the Capital Contribution Schedule
            attached as Appendix 2 hereto;

      (2)   Using its best endeavors (acting at all times in close consultation
            with Party B and Party C) to assist the Joint Venture to:

            (a)   obtain all necessary governmental approvals and completing all
                  required registrations for the establishment and operation of
                  the Joint Venture;

            (b)   liaise with PRC national, provincial, municipal or local
                  governmental authorities and other relevant institutions or
                  organizations;

            (c)   obtain the most preferential tax, customs, foreign exchange
                  and other favorable treatment that are or may become available
                  to the Joint Venture and/or the Parties under relevant
                  national and local laws and regulations of the PRC; and

            (d)   procure necessary equipment, materials, articles for office
                  use, means of transportation, telecommunications facilities
                  and other public utilities, in accordance with the Joint
                  Venture's request.

      (3)   Using its best endeavors (acting at all times in close consultation
            with Party B and Party C) to assist the Joint Venture to register
            with the relevant tax bureau, to open such foreign exchange and RMB
            bank accounts, assist the Joint Venture with all required foreign
            exchange approvals, and assist the Joint Venture in applying for all
            approvals required to remit to Party B and Party C in foreign
            exchange distributable profits and all other payments required to be
            paid to Party B and/or Party C;

      (4)   Providing necessary assistance to the Joint Venture in recruiting
            suitable management personnel, technical personnel and other
            necessary employees to be employed by the Joint Venture;

      (5)   Assisting the Joint Venture to contact banks and other financial
            institutions inside the PRC and hold discussions with them with
            respect to the raising of any loans required by the Joint Venture;

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      (6)   Assisting foreign workers, staff, and personnel (including
            Directors, managers, technicians, and contractors appointed or
            selected by Party B and/or Party C) in obtaining PRC visas and work
            permits for travel to China directly related to the operation of the
            Joint Venture if requested by Party B and/or Party C;

      (7)   Causing Chengshan Group to enter into the lease agreements in
            substantially the form attached as Appendix 5 hereto in respect of
            the office space, single-worker dormitories and employee cafeteria
            with the Joint Venture, pursuant to which Chengshan Group, at the
            discretion and request of the Joint Venture, shall lease the office
            space, single-worker dormitory and employee cafeteria to the Joint
            Venture as necessary for normal and effective use and operation of
            the Joint Venture.

      (8)   Executing and performing, in accordance with the terms therein, the
            various Supplementary Contracts to which it is a party;

      (9)   Be responsible for any environmental pollution, fines, charges or
            losses caused by it prior to the Establishment Date, and indemnify
            the Joint Venture for any financial burden and/or losses arising out
            of any contamination caused by Party A prior to the Establishment
            Date; and

      (10)  Assisting with and carrying out other relevant matters as may be
            reasonably requested by the Board from time to time.

7.2   Responsibilities of Party B. In addition to its other obligations under
      this Contract, Party B shall be responsible for the following matters:

      (1)   Providing capital contributions in accordance with the terms and
            conditions of this Contract and the Capital Contribution Schedule
            attached as Appendix 2 hereto;

      (2)   Providing any necessary assistance to the Joint Venture's
            recruitment of suitable expatriate management personnel, technical
            personnel and other necessary expatriate employees to be employed by
            the Joint Venture on the basis of merit;

      (3)   Assisting the Joint Venture to contact banks and other financial
            institutions outside of the PRC and hold discussions with them with
            respect to the raising of any foreign exchange loans required by the
            Joint Venture;

      (4)   Assisting the Joint Venture in training key staff and employees;

      (5)   Seconding relevant management personnel, technical personnel and
            other necessary staff to work for the Joint Venture as per the Joint
            Venture's request;

      (6)   To the extent practicable, providing internationally advanced
            technology to the Joint Venture; and

      (7)   Assisting with and carrying out other relevant matters requested by
            the Joint Venture from time to time.

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7.3   Responsibilities of Party C. In addition to its other obligations under
      this Contract, Party C shall be responsible for the following matters:

      (1)   Providing capital contributions in accordance with the terms and
            conditions of this Contract and the Capital Contribution Schedule
            attached as Appendix 2 hereto; and

      (2)   Assisting with and carrying out other relevant matters requested by
            the Joint Venture from time to time.

7.4   Execution of Supplementary Contracts. Before the Establishment Date, the
      Parties may jointly sign the Supplementary Contracts on behalf of the
      Joint Venture. After the Establishment Date, all Supplementary Contracts
      signed by the Parties shall be ratified by the Board in accordance with
      the procedures set forth herein and in the Joint Venture's Articles of
      Association and formally executed by the legal representative of the Joint
      Venture. Each Party shall be bound by the relevant Supplementary Contracts
      to which it is a contracting party on his own behalf, provided that,
      however, no Party shall incur any liability or assume any obligations
      solely as a result of its signing of any Supplementary Contracts on behalf
      of the Joint Venture before the Establishment Date.

7.5   Related Party Transactions. The Parties shall procure that all related
      party transactions with respect to the Joint Venture shall be transparent
      to the Parties and be conducted on an arm's length basis. Any significant
      purchases (including purchases of raw materials but excluding Products) by
      the Joint Venture from Party B or its Affiliates shall be sold by Party B
      or its Affiliates to the Joint Venture at cost, unless otherwise agreed by
      the Parties. The Vice General Manager or another member of the senior
      management team nominated by Party A, and either the General Manager or
      another member of the senior management team nominated by Party B shall
      approve all related party purchases.

                          CHAPTER 8 BOARD OF DIRECTORS

8.1   Formation of the Board.

      (1)   The Board shall be the highest authority of the Joint Venture. It
            shall discuss and determine all strategic business and financial
            issues and operational issues of the Joint Venture in accordance
            with the provisions of this Contract and the Articles of
            Association.

      (2)   The Board shall consist of seven (7) Directors, of which two (2)
            shall be appointed by Party A, four (4) shall be appointed by Party
            B, and one (1) shall be appointed by Party C. At the time this
            Contract is executed and when replacement Directors are appointed,
            the Parties shall notify one another in writing of the names and
            addresses of its appointees, together with a brief curriculum vitae
            and a list of other official functions, if any, that the relevant
            appointees will concurrently carry out for the Joint Venture. Each
            Party shall cause the Directors appointed by it to perform the
            obligations specified in this Contract and as required under
            relevant PRC laws and regulations.

      (3)   Directors shall each be appointed for terms of four (4) years, and
            may serve consecutive terms if reappointed by the Party originally
            appointing such Director.

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      (4)   Any Party may, at any time with or without cause, remove and replace
            a Director that it has appointed by written notice to the Joint
            Venture and to the other Party. If a seat on the Board is vacated
            due to the retirement, resignation, illness, disability or death of
            a Director or by the removal of such Director by the original
            appointing Party, the Party which originally appointed such Director
            shall appoint a successor to serve the remainder of such Director's
            term.

      (5)   If either Party or the Board has reason to believe that a Director
            has materially breached his/her duties as a Director (provided such
            breach appear to be supported by reasonable grounds as determined by
            a simple majority of the Directors), or has been convicted of
            committing an act or omission constituting fraud, theft,
            embezzlement or other violations of relevant PRC law, the Board may
            remove the relevant Director immediately. Following any such
            removal, the Party that originally appointed the relevant Director
            shall appoint a successor to serve the remainder of such Director's
            term.

8.2   Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board.

      (1)   The Board shall have one (1) Chairman and one (1) Vice Chairman. A
            Director appointed by Party B shall serve as Chairman of the Board,
            and a Director appointed by Party A shall serve as Vice Chairman of
            the Board.

      (2)   The Chairman of the Board shall be the sole legal representative of
            the Joint Venture. The Chairman shall perform his or her duties and
            responsibilities within the scope of authority delegated by the
            Board, and in accordance with this Contract and relevant PRC laws.
            Without prejudice to Article 8.1(4) above, when the Chairman is
            temporarily unable to perform his or her responsibilities, he or she
            may designate in writing the Vice Chairman or any other Director to
            represent the Joint Venture in such capacity within such temporary
            period.

8.3   Powers of the Board.

      (1)   Each Director shall have one vote on any matter subjected to Board
            vote. Neither the Chairman nor the Vice-Chairman, in their capacity
            as such, shall be entitled to have any extra vote in any meeting of
            the Board. This provision is without prejudice to Article 8.4(6) on
            proxies.

      (2)   The quorum necessary for a meeting of the Board shall be two thirds
            (2/3) of the Directors. This requires at least five (5) directors to
            be in attendance for a quorum.

      (3)   The following matters require a decision by the Board supported by
            the affirmative vote of all Directors present and eligible to vote
            (or represented in accordance with Article 8.4(6) in a duly
            constituted meeting of the Board or as per Article 8.4(9):

            (a)   any amendment of the Articles of Association;

            (b)   termination of this Contract;

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<PAGE>

            (c)   dissolution of the Joint Venture;

            (d)   increase or decrease of the Registered Capital of the Joint
                  Venture;

            (e)   amalgamation or merger of the Joint Venture with any other
                  company, association, partnership or legal entity; and

            (f)   division or change in the form of legal organization of the
                  Joint Venture.

      (4)   The following matters require a decision by the Board supported by
            the affirmative vote of two thirds (2/3) of the Directors present
            and eligible to vote (or represented in accordance with Article
            8.4(6) in a duly constituted meeting of the Board or as per Article
            8.4(9):

            (a)   overall macro business strategy;

            (b)   derivation from profit distribution plan set forth in Article
                  12;

            (c)   the Joint Venture's external guarantee;

            (d)   major assets disposal (defined as assets with a net book value
                  greater than Five Million United States Dollars
                  (US$5,000,000));

            (e)   selection of the External Financial Auditor with the
                  restriction that the selected Auditor must be one of the Big
                  Four; and

            (f)   approval of financial control and financial reporting /
                  accounting policies (must be in compliance with Chinese law
                  and applicable U.S. law)

      (5)   The Parties agree that all matters except those listed in Article
            8.3(3) and Article 8.3(4) above can be decided by the Board
            supported by a simple majority of Directors present and eligible to
            vote (or represented in accordance with Article 8.4(6)) in a duly
            constituted meeting of the Board or as per Article 8.4(9).

      (6)   The Board shall by resolution supported by a simple majority of
            Directors formally authorize the General Manager and/or other
            Persons with necessary powers to implement decisions of the Board in
            accordance with this Contract, and, more generally, to conduct the
            day-to-day business of the Joint Venture in accordance with the then
            current business plan.

      (7)   The Board shall adopt rules and procedures regarding (a) provision
            of guarantee or security by the Joint Venture to any Person, (b)
            creation of any security interest on any property of the Joint
            Venture, (c) custody of the Joint Venture's chops, and (d) such
            other matters as the Board deems necessary.

8.4   Board Meetings.

      (1)   Board meetings shall be held at least twice (2) a year. Meetings
            shall be held at the registered address of the Joint Venture or such
            other address in China or abroad as may be agreed by the Board. The
            first Board meeting shall be held no later than sixty (60) days
            after the Establishment Date.

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      (2)   The agenda for Board meetings shall be determined by the Chairman of
            the Board, but shall include in any event the items proposed by
            other members of the Board.

      (3)   Board Meetings shall require prior written notice to all Directors
            of not less than four (4) weeks (unless otherwise agreed unanimously
            by all the Directors) setting forth the date, time, place and
            agenda. Directors may waive their right to receive prior written
            notice of any meeting.

      (4)   Upon the written notice of the Chairman of the Board or upon written
            request of one third (1/3) or more of the Directors of the Joint
            Venture specifying the matters to be discussed, the Chairman of the
            Board shall within thirty (30) days convene an interim meeting of
            the Board, provided that a quorum will be present for such an
            interim meeting, whether in person or by proxy.

      (5)   The Chairman is responsible for convening and presiding over all
            Board meetings. If the Chairman is unable to convene and/or preside
            over a Board meeting, the Vice Chairman or a Director designated in
            writing by the Chairman shall convene and/or preside over such Board
            meeting.

      (6)   Board meetings may be attended by Directors in person, by telephone
            or video conference, provided, however, that if a Director is unable
            to participate in a Board meeting, he/she shall issue a written
            proxy authorizing another Director or individual to attend the
            meeting on his/her behalf. A Director or other individual so
            entrusted shall have the same rights and powers as the Director who
            issued the proxy.

      (7)   Board meetings shall be duly convened if a quorum is constituted in
            attendance, in person or by proxy. In the event that the Directors
            appointed by any Party fail to attend a Board meeting resulting in a
            lack of a quorum, and such failure to attend is due to a dispute
            between the Directors or Parties, such Party shall be deemed to be
            in breach of this Contract, and Article 17 will become applicable.
            If after two attempts to convene Board meetings that are not
            achieved due to the lack of a quorum, a Board meeting may be
            convened with a simple majority of Directors (provided such policy
            only applies to the face-to-face Board meetings).

      (8)   For the purpose of this clause, if a written resolution is executed
            in identical counterparts, such signed counterparts shall together
            be deemed to constitute a single resolution, effective on the day
            the last Director signs the relevant counterpart.

      (9)   Notwithstanding any other provisions herein, Board resolutions may
            be adopted by written consent by the Board in lieu of a meeting if
            the relevant resolutions are sent to all Directors and the
            resolutions are affirmatively signed and adopted by all Directors.
            Such written Board resolutions may consist of several counterparts
            in identical form each signed by one or more of the Directors. Such
            written Board resolutions shall be filed with the Board meeting
            minutes and shall have the same force and effect as a Board
            resolution adopted at a duly constituted and convened Board meeting.

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<PAGE>

      (10)  Board meetings shall be held in English and Chinese and all Board
            minutes and Board resolutions and agendas and other Board meeting
            documents shall be prepared and provided in both English and
            Chinese. The Chairman shall cause complete and accurate minutes (in
            English and Chinese versions) to be kept of all meetings (including
            meeting notices) and of matters addressed or raised at such
            meetings. Minutes of all Board meetings shall be circulated to all
            Directors promptly after each meeting. Any Director who wishes to
            propose any amendment or addition to the meeting minutes shall
            submit the same in writing to the Chairman not later than fifteen
            (15) days after receipt of the minutes, and the Chairman shall
            circulate such proposal to all the Directors. Any Director who
            wishes to object to the proposed amendment to the minutes shall
            submit the same in writing to the Chairman and all other Directors
            not later than fifteen (15) days after receipt of the proposed
            amendment, otherwise such proposed amendment shall be adopted and
            the minutes shall be amended accordingly. If the proposed amendment
            and relevant objection are not resolved within thirty (30) days of
            the Chairman's receipt of such objection, neither the proposal nor
            the objection shall be adopted but both would be noted as an
            attachment to the minutes. All Directors shall sign each page of the
            final minutes within sixty (60) days after receipt of same, and
            return such signed copy to the Joint Venture. The original minutes
            shall be kept on file with the Joint Venture and shall be available
            to any Director or their proxies for inspection or copying at any
            reasonable time.

      (11)  No remuneration shall be paid by the Joint Venture to any of its
            Directors in his/her capacity as such; provided, however, that in
            the event that a Director is concurrently an officer of the Joint
            Venture, such Director shall be entitled to remuneration for his/her
            service as an officer only. A Director may recover from the Joint
            Venture such expenses as are reasonably and properly incurred in
            connection with his/her attending the Board meetings or other
            activities of the Joint Venture where his/her presence is required.
            The Board shall establish a policy to implement this subsection.

                       CHAPTER 9 OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT

9.1   Operation Principle. The Joint Venture will through the technical exchange
      of the Parties constantly boost production technical level to reach an
      international modern level, including product design, manufacture process,
      testing method, material recipe, quality standard and personnel training.
      The Joint Venture will constantly exert efforts on technical reform based
      on the curre

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