SUBORDINATED INDENTURE

EXECUTION COPY

ALPHA NATURAL RESOURCES, INC.

SUBORDINATED INDENTURE

Dated as of April 7, 2008

Union Bank of California, N. A.

Trustee

TABLE OF CONTENTS

				Page
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS					2
SECTION 1.01		Certain Terms Defined			2
SECTION 1.02		Other Definitions			6
ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS					6
SECTION 2.01		Forms Generally			6
SECTION 2.02		Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication			6
ARTICLE 3 ISSUE, EXECUTION, FORM AND REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES					6
SECTION 3.01		Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series			6
SECTION 3.02		Authentication and Delivery of Securities			8
SECTION 3.03		Execution of Securities			8
SECTION 3.04		Certificate of Authentication			8
SECTION 3.05		Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest			9
SECTION 3.06		Global Security Legend			9
SECTION 3.07		Registration, Transfer and Exchange			10
SECTION 3.08		Book-Entry Provisions for Global Securities			11
SECTION 3.09		Mutilated, Defaced, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities			11
SECTION 3.10		Cancellation of Securities			12
SECTION 3.11		Temporary Securities			12
SECTION 3.12		CUSIP and ISIN Numbers			12
ARTICLE 4 CERTAIN COVENANTS					13
SECTION 4.01		Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest on Securities			13
SECTION 4.02		Maintenance of Office or Agency			13
SECTION 4.03		Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust			13
SECTION 4.04		Existence			14
SECTION 4.05		Statement by Officers as to Default			14
SECTION 4.06		Waiver of Certain Covenants			14
ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND HOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT					14
SECTION 5.01		Events of Default			14
SECTION 5.02		Acceleration			15
SECTION 5.03		Other Remedies			16
SECTION 5.04		Waiver of Past Defaults			16
SECTION 5.05		Control by Majority			16
SECTION 5.06		Limitation on Suits			17
SECTION 5.07		Rights of Holders to Receive Payment			17
SECTION 5.08		Collection Suit by Trustee			17
SECTION 5.09		Trustee May File Proofs of Claim			17
SECTION 5.10		Priorities			17
SECTION 5.11		Undertaking for Costs			18
SECTION 5.12		Restoration of Rights and Remedies			18
SECTION 5.13		Rights and Remedies Cumulative			18
SECTION 5.14		Delay or Omission Not Waiver			18
ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE					18
SECTION 6.01		Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee; During Default; Prior to Default			18
SECTION 6.02		Certain Rights of the Trustee			19
SECTION 6.03		Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, Disposition of Securities or Application of Proceeds Thereof			20
SECTION 6.04		Trustee and Agents May Hold Securities; Collections, etc			20
SECTION 6.05		Moneys Held by Trustee			20
SECTION 6.06		Notice of Default			20
SECTION 6.07		Compensation and Indemnification of Trustee and Its Prior Claim			21
SECTION 6.08		Right of Trustee to Rely on Officers' Certificate, etc			21
SECTION 6.09		Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee			21
SECTION 6.10		Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor Trustee			21
SECTION 6.11		Acceptance of Appointment by Successor			22
SECTION 6.12		Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee			23

				Page
SECTION 6.13		Preferential Collection of Claims			23
SECTION 6.14		Communications with the Trustee			24
SECTION 6.15		Conflict of Interest			24
SECTION 6.16		Paying Agent/Registrar			24
ARTICLE 7 CONCERNING THE HOLDERS					24
SECTION 7.01		Evidence of Action Taken by Holders			24
SECTION 7.02		Proof of Execution of Instruments and of Holding of Securities; Record Date			24
SECTION 7.03		Who May Be Deemed Owners of Securities			24
SECTION 7.04		Securities Owned by Company Deemed Not Outstanding			24
SECTION 7.05		Record Date for Action by Securityholders			25
SECTION 7.06		Right of Revocation of Action Taken			25
ARTICLE 8 SECURITYHOLDERS’ MEETINGS					25
SECTION 8.01		Purposes for Which Meeting May Be Called			26
SECTION 8.02		Manner of Calling Meetings; Record Date			26
SECTION 8.03		Call of Meeting by Company or Securityholders			26
SECTION 8.04		Who May Attend and Vote at Meeting			26
SECTION 8.05		Regulations			26
SECTION 8.06		Manner of Voting at Meetings and Record to be Kept			27
SECTION 8.07		Exercise of Rights of Trustee and Securityholders Not to be Hindered or Delayed			27
ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES					27
SECTION 9.01		Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders			27
SECTION 9.02		With Consent of Holders			28
SECTION 9.03		Effect of Supplemental Indenture			29
SECTION 9.04		Documents to Be Given to Trustee; Compliance with TIA			29
SECTION 9.05		Notation on Securities in Respect of Supplemental Indentures			29
ARTICLE 10 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OF ASSETS					30
SECTION 10.01		When the Company May Merge, Etc			30
SECTION 10.02		Successor Person Substituted			30
SECTION 10.03		Opinion of Counsel to Trustee			30
ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES					30
SECTION 11.01		Applicability of Article			30
SECTION 11.02		Notice of Redemption; Partial Redemptions			30
SECTION 11.03		Payment of Securities Called for Redemption			31
ARTICLE 12 SUBORDINATION					32
SECTION 12.01		Agreement to Subordinate			32
SECTION 12.02		Liquidation; Dissolution; Bankruptcy			32
SECTION 12.03		Default on Designated Senior Debt			32
SECTION 12.04		Acceleration of Securities			33
SECTION 12.05		When Distribution Must Be Paid Over			33
SECTION 12.06		Subrogation			33
SECTION 12.07		Relative Rights			33
SECTION 12.08		Subordination May Not Be Impaired by the Company			33
SECTION 12.09		Distribution or Notice to Representative			33
SECTION 12.10		Rights of Trustee and Paying Agent			33
SECTION 12.11		Trustee Entitled To Rely			34
SECTION 12.12		Authorization to Effect Subordination			34
SECTION 12.13		Trust Moneys Not Subordinated			34
SECTION 12.14		Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt			34
SECTION 12.15		Reliance by Holders of Senior Debt on Subordination Provisions			34
ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE					34
SECTION 13.01		Applicability of the Article; Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance			34
SECTION 13.02		Legal Defeasance and Discharge			35
SECTION 13.03		Covenant Defeasance			35
SECTION 13.04		Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance			35

				Page
SECTION 13.05		Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions			36
SECTION 13.06		Repayment to the Company			36
SECTION 13.07		Reinstatement			37
ARTICLE 14 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE					37
SECTION 14.01		Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture			37
SECTION 14.02		Application of Trust Money			38
ARTICLE 15 HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY					38
SECTION 15.01		Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders			38
SECTION 15.02		Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders			38
SECTION 15.03		Reports by the Trustee			39
SECTION 15.04		Reports by the Company			39
ARTICLE 16 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS					39
SECTION 16.01		Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers and Directors of Company Exempt from Individual Liability			39
SECTION 16.02		Provisions of Indenture for the Sole Benefit of Parties and Holders			39
SECTION 16.03		Successors and Assigns of Company Bound by Indenture			40
SECTION 16.04		Notices to Holders			40
SECTION 16.05		Officers' Certificates and Opinions of Counsel; Statements to Be Contained Therein			40
SECTION 16.06		Payments Due on Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays			41
SECTION 16.07		Conflict of Any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act			41
SECTION 16.08		New York Law to Govern			41
SECTION 16.09		Third Party Beneficiaries			41
SECTION 16.10		Counterparts			41
SECTION 16.11		Effect of Headings			41
SECTION 16.12		Severability			41
SECTION 16.13		Patriot Act Compliance			41

ALPHA NATURAL RESOURCES, INC.
Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939
and this Indenture

Trust Indenture Act						Indenture
Section						Section
	§310	(a)(1)				6.09
		(a)(2)				6.09
		(a)(3)				Not Applicable
		(a)(4)				Not Applicable
		(a)(5)				6.09
		(b)				6.10
	§311	(a)				6.13
		(b)				6.13
		(b)(2)				15.03(a), 15.03(b)
	§312	(a)				15.01, 15.02(a)
		(b)				15.02(b)
		(c)				15.02(c)
	§313	(a)				15.03(a)
		(b)				15.03(a)
		(c)				15.03(a), 15.03(b)
		(d)				15.03(b)
	§314	(a)				15.04
		(b)				Not Applicable
		(c)(1)				16.05
		(c)(2)				16.05
		(c)(3)				Not Applicable
		(d)				Not Applicable
		(e)				16.05
	§315	(a)				6.01
		(b)				6.06, 15.03(a)
		(c)				6.01
		(d)				6.01
		(d)(1)				6.01
		(d)(2)				6.01
		(d)(3)				6.01
		(e)				5.11
	§316	(a)(1)(A)				5.05
		(a)(1)(B)				5.02, 5.04
		(a)(2)				Not Applicable
		(b)				5.07
		(c)				7.02
	§317	(a)(1)				5.08
		(a)(2)				5.09
		(b)				4.03
	318	(a)				16.07

     SUBORDINATED INDENTURE dated as of April 7, 2008 between Alpha Natural Resources, Inc., a Delaware company (the “Company”) and Union Bank of California, N.A., as trustee (the “Trustee”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

     WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the “Securities”), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided; and

     WHEREAS, all things necessary to make the Indenture a valid indenture and agreement according to its terms, have been done.

     NOW, THEREFORE:

     In consideration of the premises and the purchases of the Securities by the Holders thereof, the Company and the Trustee mutually covenant and agree for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective Holders from time to time of the Securities as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS

     SECTION 1.01 Certain Terms Defined . The following terms (except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise clearly requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section. All other terms used in this Indenture which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act or the definitions of which in the Securities Act are referred to in the Trust Indenture Act (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise clearly requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Trust Indenture Act and in the Securities Act as in force at the date of this Indenture. All accounting terms used herein and not expressly defined shall have the meanings given to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (whether or not such is indicated herein). The words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. The terms defined in this Article include the plural as well as the singular.

     “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person who directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative of the foregoing.

     “Agent Members” has the meaning provided in Section 3.08(a).

     “Board of Directors” means, with respect to any Person, the Board of Directors of such Person, or any authorized committee of the Board of Directors of such Person or any officer of such Person duly authorized by the Board of Directors of such Person to take a specific action.

     “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Business Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in the City of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

     “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

     “Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

     “Company Request” or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President, its Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Operating Officer or a Vice President, and by its Chief Financial Officer, its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, an Assistant Controller, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Corporate Trust Office” means the corporate trust office of the Trustee at which the corporate trust business of the Trustee shall, at any particular time, be principally administered, which office is, at the date as of which this Indenture is dated, located at 350 California Street, Corporate Trust -11th Floor, San Francisco, California 94104, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration.

     “Default” means any event that is or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be an Event of Default.

     “Depositary” means The Depository Trust Company, its nominees, and their respective successors.

     “Designated Senior Debt” shall have, with respect to any series of Securities, the meaning set forth in the supplemental indenture establishing the terms of such Securities.

     “Event of Default” means any event or condition specified as such in Section 5.01 which shall have continued for the period of time, if any, therein designated.

     “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

     “Government Securities” means direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America, and the payment for which the United States pledges its full faith and credit.

     “Global Security” means a Security evidencing all or part of a series of Securities, issued to the Depositary for that series in accordance with Section 3.05 and bearing the appropriate legend prescribed in Section 3.06.

     “Holder,” “Holder of Securities,” “Securityholder” or other similar terms mean the registered holder of any Security.

     “Indenture” means this indenture as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder.

     “Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

     “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

     “Notice of Default” has the meaning provided in Section 6.06.

     “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by two officers of the Company, one of whom must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, the treasurer or the principal accounting officer of the Company, that meets the requirements of Section 16.05 hereof.

     “Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion in writing signed by legal counsel who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or who may be other counsel satisfactory to the Trustee.

     “outstanding”, when used with reference to Securities, subject to the provisions of Article 7 means, as of any particular time, all Securities authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except

	(a)		Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
	(b)		Securities, or portions thereof, for the payment or redemption of which moneys in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside, segregated and held in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent), provided that if such Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as herein provided, or provision satisfactory to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice;

	(c)		Securities in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered, or which shall have been paid, pursuant to the terms of Section 3.09 (unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company is presented that any of such Securities is held by a person in whose hands such Security is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company); and
	(d)		Securities that have been defeased pursuant to Section 12.01.

     “Permitted Junior Securities” means, with respect to the Securities of any series, capital stock of the Company or securities of the Company that are subordinated to all Senior Debt of the Company and any debt securities issued in exchange for Senior Debt of the Company to substantially the same extent as, or to a greater extent than, the Securities of such series are subordinated to Senior Debt pursuant to this Indenture.

     “Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any Securities on behalf of the Company. The Company may act as Paying Agent with respect to any Securities issued hereunder.

     “Payment Blockage Notice” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 12.03.

     “Payment Office,” when used with respect to the Securities of or within any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities are payable as specified as contemplated by Sections 3.01 and 4.01.

     “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint stock company, business trust, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture or other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

     “Physical Securities” means Securities issued pursuant to Section 3.02 in exchange for interest in the Global Security or pursuant to Section 3.08(b) in registered form substantially in the form hereinabove recited.

     “Principal Amount” means, when used with respect to any Security, the amount of principal of such Security that could then be declared due and payable pursuant to Section 5.02.

     “Registrar” has the meaning provided in Section 3.07.

     “Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 3.01.

     “Representative” means the indenture trustee or other trustee, agent or representative for any Senior Debt.

     “Responsible Officer” when used with respect to the Trustee means any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee including any vice president, any trust officer, any assistant vice president, any assistant secretary, any assistant treasurer, or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by the persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

     “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

     “Security” or “Securities” means any Security or Securities, as the case may be, authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

     “Security Register” has the meaning provided in Section 3.07.

     “Senior Debt” means, with respect to any Person, the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest in respect of:

	(i)		indebtedness for money borrowed by such Person;
	(ii)		securities, notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments issued by such Person;
	(iii)		all obligations issued or assumed by such Person evidencing the purchase price of property by such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person, all conditional sale obligations of

			such Person and all obligations of such Person under any conditional sale or title retention agreement (but excluding trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business);
	(iv)		all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of any letters of credit, banker’s acceptances, security purchase facilities or similar credit transactions;
	(v)		all obligations in respect of interest rate swap, cap or other agreements, interest rate future or option contracts, currency swap agreements, currency future or option contracts and other similar agreements;
	(vi)		all obligations in respect of any factoring, securitization, sale of receivables or similar transaction;
	(vii)		all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (vi) of other Persons for the payment of which such Person is responsible or liable as obligor, guarantor or otherwise;
	(viii)		all obligations of such Person under performance guarantees, support agreements and other agreements in the nature thereof;
	(ix)		all renewals, extensions, refundings, amendments and modifications of indebtedness or obligations referred to in clauses (i) through (viii) (unless the instrument creating or evidencing any such indebtedness or obligation or its renewal, extension, refund, amendment or modification specifically provides that such indebtedness or obligation is not senior in right of payment to the Securities of the relevant series); and
	(x)		all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (ix) of other Persons secured by any lien on any property or asset of such Person (whether or not such obligation is assumed by such obligor). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Senior Debt does not include (1) any such indebtedness or obligation that is by its terms subordinated to or pari passu with the Securities of the relevant series, and (2) any indebtedness or obligation between or among such Person and its Affiliates.

     “Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security or a coupon representing such installment of interest as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

     “Subsidiary” means, as applied, with respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership or other legal entity of which, in the case of a corporation, more than 50% of the issued and outstanding capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether at the time capital stock of any other class or classes of such corporation has or might have voting power upon the occurrence of any contingency), or, in the case of any partnership or other legal entity, more than 50% of the ordinary equity capital interests, is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person, by such Person and one or more of its other Subsidiaries or by one or more of such Person’s other Subsidiaries.

     “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was originally executed, and “TIA”, when used in respect of an indenture supplemental hereto, means such Act as in force at the time such indenture supplemental hereto becomes effective.

     “Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder; provided , however , that if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

     SECTION 1.02 Other Definitions .

		Defined in Term
		Section
“Covenant Defeasance”			13.03
“Legal Defeasance”			13.02

ARTICLE 2

SECURITY FORMS

     SECTION 2.01 Forms Generally . The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the forms as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 3.02 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

     The Trustee’s certificate of authentication on all Securities shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

     The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel-engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

     SECTION 2.02 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication . The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the following form:

     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

ARTICLE 3

ISSUE, EXECUTION, FORM AND REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES

     SECTION 3.01 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series . The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

     The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. Prior to the issuance of Securities of any series, there shall be established in or pursuant to (i) a Board Resolution, (ii) action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution and (subject to Sections 3.03 and 3.04) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate, or (iii) one or more indentures supplemental hereto:

     (1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);

     (2) the purchase price, denomination and any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Sections 3.03, 3.08, 3.10, 9.05 or 11.02);

     (3) the date or dates on which the principal of and premium, if any, on the Securities of the series is payable or the method of determination thereof;

     (4) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, or the method of calculating such rate or rates of interest, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue or the method by which such date or dates shall be determined, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date, if any, for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date;

     (5) the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on Securities of the series shall be payable;

     (6) the place or places where the Securities may be exchanged or transferred;

     (7) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currencies (including currency unit or units) in which, and the other terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, if the Company is to have that option, and, if other than as provided in Section 11.02, the manner in which the particular Securities of such series (if less than all Securities of such series are to be redeemed) are to be selected for redemption;

     (8) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series in whole or in part pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or upon the happening of a specified event or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, and the other terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

     (9) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable;

     (10) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies (including currency unit or units) in which payments of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities of the series shall or may by payable, or in which the Securities of the series shall be denominated, and the particular provisions applicable thereto;

     (11) if the payments of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities of the series are to be made, at the election of the Company or a Securityholder, in a currency or currencies (including currency unit or units) other than that in which such Securities are denominated or designated to be payable, the currency or currencies (including currency unit or units) in which such payments are to be made, the terms and conditions of such payments and the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to such payments shall be determined, and the particular provisions applicable thereto;

     (12) if the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities of the series shall be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula or method may be based, without limitation, on a currency or currencies (including currency unit or units) other than that in which the Securities of the series are denominated or designated to be payable), the index, formula or other method by which such amounts shall be determined;

     (13) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.02 or the method by which such portion shall be determined;

     (14) any modifications of or additions to the subordination provisions, the Events of Default or the covenants of the Company set forth herein with respect to Securities of the series;

     (15) if either or both of Section 13.02 and Section 13.03 shall be inapplicable to the Securities of the series ( provided that if no such inapplicability shall be specified, then both Section 13.02 and Section 13.03 shall be applicable to the Securities of the series) and any other terms upon which the Securities of such series will be defeasible;

     (16) if other than the Trustee, the identity of the Registrar and any Paying Agent;

     (17) if the Securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in global form, (i) the Depositary for such global Securities, (ii) the form of any legend in addition to or in lieu of that in Section 3.07 which shall be borne by such global Security, (iii) whether beneficial owners of interests in any Securities of the series in global form may exchange such interests for certificated Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination, and (iv) if other than as provided in Section 3.08, the circumstances under which any such exchange may occur;

     (18) if, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Securities of such series may or must be converted into securities of the Company or exchanged for securities of the Company or another enterprise; and

     (19) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by Section 9.01, but which may modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies to such series), including any terms which may be required by or advisable under the laws of the United States of America or regulations thereunder or advisable (as determined by the Company) in connection with the marketing of Securities of the series.

     All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided (i) by a Board Resolution, (ii) by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution and (subject to Sections 3.02-3.05) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate or (iii) in any such indenture supplemental hereto. All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent of the Holders, for issuances of additional Securities of such series.

     If any of the terms of the Securities of any series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers’ Certificate setting forth, or providing the manner for determining, the terms of the Securities of such series, and an appropriate record of any action taken pursuant thereto in connection with the issuance of any Securities of such series shall be delivered to the Trustee prior to the authentication and delivery thereof.

     SECTION 3.02 Authentication and Delivery of Securities . Upon the execution and delivery of this Indenture, or from time to time thereafter, Securities may be executed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for authentication, and upon delivery to the Trustee of all documents and certificates as required by this Indenture, the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and make available for delivery said Securities to the Company or as may otherwise be set forth in a Company Order without any further action by the Company.

     SECTION 3.03 Execution of Securities . The Securities shall be signed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Operating Officer, its Chief Financial Officer, its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, its Secretary or any Vice President (whether or not designated by a number or numbers or a word or words added before or after the title “Vice President”). Such signatures may be the manual or facsimile signatures of the present or any future such officers. In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the Securities shall cease to be such officer before the Security so signed shall be authenticated and delivered by the Trustee or disposed of by the Company, such Security nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or disposed of as though the person who signed such Security had not ceased to be such officer of the Company, as the case may be; and any Security may be signed on behalf of the Company by such persons as, at the actual date of the execution of such Security shall be the proper officers of the Company, as the case may be, although at the date of the execution and delivery of this Indenture any such person was not such officer.

     SECTION 3.04 Certificate of Authentication . Only such Securities as shall bear thereon a certificate of authentication substantially in the form hereinabove recited, executed by the Trustee by manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

Such certificate by the Trustee upon any Security executed by the Company shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

     SECTION 3.05 Denomination and Date of Securities; Payments of Interest . (a) The Securities shall be issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 but in any event not less than $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities, the Securities shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The Securities shall be numbered, lettered, or otherwise distinguished in such manner or in accordance with such plans as the officers of the Company executing the same may determine with the approval of the Trustee.

     Any of the Securities may be issued with appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and variations, and may have imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon such legend or legends, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, as may be required to comply with any law or with any rules or regulations pursuant thereto, including those required by Section 3.06, or with the rules of any securities market in which the Securities are admitted to trading, or to conform to general usage.

     Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication, shall bear interest from the applicable date and shall be payable on the dates specified on the face of the form of Security above. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

     (a) Global Securities. If Securities of or within a series are issuable in whole or in part in global form, then any such Security of such series shall be deposited with the Trustee as custodian for the Depositary and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for the Depositary. The Global Security shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Securities represented thereby with the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary (or with such other custodian as the Depositary may direct), and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary, duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided. The aggregate principal amount of the Global Securities may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee and the Depositary or its nominee as hereinafter provided.

     (b) The person in whose name any Security is registered at the close of business on any Regular Record Date with respect to any Interest Payment Date shall be entitled to receive the interest, if any, payable on such Interest Payment Date notwithstanding any transfer or exchange of such Security subsequent to the Regular Record Date and prior to such Interest Payment Date, except if and to the extent the Company shall default in the payment of the interest due on such Interest Payment Date, in which case such defaulted interest, plus (to the extent lawful) any interest payable on the defaulted interest, shall be paid to the persons in whose names outstanding Securities are registered at the close of business on a subsequent record date (which shall be not less than five Business Days prior to the date of such payment) established by notice given by mail by or on behalf of the Company to the Holders of Securities not less than 15 days preceding such subsequent record date.

     SECTION 3.06 Global Security Legend . Any Security in global form authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form, or in such other form as may be necessary or appropriate to reflect the arrangements with or to comply with the requirements of any Depositary:

THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY, WHICH MAY BE TREATED BY THE COMPANY, THE TRUSTEE AND ANY AGENT THEREOF AS OWNER AND HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY FOR ALL PURPOSES.

UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY

PERSON IS WRONGFUL SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

TRANSFERS OF THIS GLOBAL SECURITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO TRANSFERS IN WHOLE, BUT NOT IN PART, TO NOMINEES OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY OR TO A SUCCESSOR THEREOF OR SUCH SUCCESSOR’S NOMINEE.

     SECTION 3.07 Registration, Transfer and Exchange . The Securities are issuable only in registered form. The Company will keep at each office or agency (the “Registrar”) for each series of Securities a register or registers (the “Security Register(s)”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, it will register, and will register the transfer of Securities as provided in this Article. Such Security Register or Security Registers shall be in written form in the English language or in any other form capable of being converted into such form within a reasonable time. At all reasonable times such Security Register or Security Registers shall be open for inspection by the Trustee. The initial Registrar shall be the Trustee.

     Upon due presentation for registration of transfer of any Security of any series at each such office or agency, the Company shall execute and, upon receipt of a Company Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in the name of the designated transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series, in each case, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate Principal Amount.

     At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series (except a Security in global form) may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate Principal Amount and Stated Maturity, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and, upon receipt of a Company Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

     A Holder may transfer a Security only by written application to the Registrar stating the name of the proposed transferee and otherwise complying with the terms of this Indenture. No such transfer shall be effected until, and such transferee shall succeed to the rights of a Holder only upon, final acceptance and registration of the transfer by the Registrar in the Security Register. Prior to the registration of any transfer by a Holder as provided herein, the Company, the Trustee, and any agent of the Company shall treat the person in whose name the Security is registered as the owner thereof for all purposes whether or not the Security shall be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee, nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. Furthermore, any Holder of a Global Security shall, by acceptance of such Global Security, agree that transfers of beneficial interests in such Global Security may be effected only through a book entry system maintained by the Depository (or its nominee) and that ownership of a beneficial interest in the Security shall be required to be reflected in a book entry. When Securities are presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register the transfer or to exchange them for an equal Principal Amount of Securities of other authorized denominations, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange as requested if the requirements for such transactions set forth herein are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request.

     The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities (other than any such transfer taxes or other similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Section 3.11, 9.05 or 11.03). No service charge to any Holder shall be made for any such transaction.

     The Company shall not be required to exchange or register a transfer of (a) any Securities of any series for a period of 15 days next preceding the first mailing of notice of redemption of Securities of that series to be redeemed, or (b) any Securities of any series selected, called or being called for redemption except, in the case of any Security of any series where public notice has been given that such Security is to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not so to be redeemed.

     All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange.

     SECTION 3.08 Book-Entry Provisions for Global Securities . (a) Each Global Security initially shall (i) be registered in the name of the Depositary for such Global Securities or the nominee of such Depositary, (ii) be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for such Depositary and (iii) bear legends as set forth in Section 3.06.

     Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary, or the Trustee as its custodian, or under the Global Security, and the Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of any Security.

     (b) Transfers of a Global Security shall be limited to transfers of such Global Security in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary for such series, its successors or their respective nominees. The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion determine that the Securities of a series issued in the form of one or more Global Securities shall no longer be represented by such Global Securities. In such event, the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such series of like tenor, will authenticate and deliver Securities of such series of like tenor and terms in definitive form in an aggregate Principal Amount equal to the Principal Amount of the Global Security or Securities of such series in exchange for such Global Security or Securities. Interests of beneficial owners in a Global Security may be transferred in accordance with the rules and procedures of the Depositary.

     In addition, Physical Securities shall be transferred to all beneficial owners in exchange for their beneficial interests in a Global Security, if (i) the Depositary (A) notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security, and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice, or (B) ceases to be qualified to serve as Depositary and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days of such notice, (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee a Company Order that such Global Security shall be so transferable, registrable and exchangeable, and such transfers shall be registrable, or (iii) an Event of Default of which the Trustee has actual notice has occurred and is continuing and the Registrar has received a request from a beneficial owner to issue such Physical Securities.

     (c) Any beneficial interest in one of the Global Securities that is transferred to a person who takes delivery in the form of an interest in the other Global Security will, upon transfer, cease to be an interest in such Global Security and become an interest in the other Global Security and, accordingly, will thereafter be subject to all transfer restrictions, if any, and other procedures applicable to beneficial interests in such other Global Security for as long as it remains such an interest.

     (d) In connection with any transfer of a portion of the beneficial interests in a Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section 3.08, the Registrar shall reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the Principal Amount of such Global Security in an amount equal to the Principal Amount of the beneficial interest in such Global Security to be transferred, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, one or more Physical Securities of like tenor and amount.

     (e) In connection with the transfer of an entire Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section, such Global Security shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company shall execute, and upon receipt of a Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depositary in exchange for its beneficial interest in such Global Security, an equal Principal Amount of Physical Securities of authorized denominations.

     (f) The registered holder of a Global Security may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any person, including Agent Members and persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities of such series.

     SECTION 3.09 Mutilated, Defaced, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities . In case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated, defaced or be apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company in its discretion may execute, and upon the written request of any officer of the Company and delivery to the Trustee of all documents and certificates as required by this Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, a new Security of the same series bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced Security, or in lieu of and substitution for the Security so apparently

destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substitute Security shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by each of them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.

     Upon the issuance of any substitute Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. In case any Security which has matured or is about to mature, or has been called for redemption in full, shall become mutilated or defaced or be apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security of the same series, pay or authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated or defaced Security), if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and to the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee such Security or indemnity as any of them may require to save each of them harmless from all risks, however remote, and, in every case of apparent destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.

     Every substitute Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section by virtue of the fact that any Security is apparently destroyed, lost or stolen shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the apparently destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone and shall be entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations of rights set forth in) this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that, to the extent permitted by law, with respect to the holder of a substitute Security, the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, defaced, or apparently destroyed, lost or stolen Securities and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.

     SECTION 3.10 Cancellation of Securities . All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange, if surrendered to the Company or any agent of the Company or the Trustee, shall be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it; and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. The Trustee shall dispose of cancelled Securities in accordance with its customary procedures. If the Company shall acquire any of the Securities, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

     SECTION 3.11 Temporary Securities . Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery temporary Securities of such series (printed, lithographed, typewritten or otherwise reproduced, in each case in form satisfactory to the Trustee). Temporary Securities shall be issuable as registered Securities of such series without coupons, of any authorized denomination, and substantially in the form of the definitive Securities of such series but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined by the Company with the concurrence of the Trustee. Temporary Securities may contain such reference to any provisions of this Indenture as may be appropriate. Every temporary Security shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities of such series. Without unreasonable delay the Company shall execute and shall furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor without charge at each office or agency to be maintained by the Company for the purpose pursuant to Section 4.02, and upon delivery to the Trustee of all documents and certificates as required by this Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange for such temporary Securities a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series of authorized denominations. Until so exchanged the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

     SECTION 3.12 CUSIP and ISIN Numbers . The Company in issuing the Securities of any series may use a “CUSIP” and “ISIN” number (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP numbers or ISIN numbers, as the case may be, in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such series; provided that any such notice shall state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either

as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption or exchange and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP numbers or ISIN numbers.

ARTICLE 4

CERTAIN COVENANTS

     SECTION 4.01 Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest on Securities . The Company, for the benefit of each series of the Securities, will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of and any premium and interest on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture.

     SECTION 4.02 Maintenance of Office or Agency . The Company will maintain a Payment Office where Securities may be presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices, and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby initially appoints the Trustee at its office or agency as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

     The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided , however , that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

     SECTION 4.03 Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust . (a) If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium and interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

     (b) Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided by the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

     (c) The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities (other than the Trustee) to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent will agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 4.03, that such Paying Agent will (i) comply with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent; (ii) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the Securities of that series in trust for the benefit of the Holders until such sums shall be paid to such Holders or otherwise disposed of as herein provided; (iii) give the Trustee notice of any Default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the Securities of that series; and (iv) during the continuance of any Default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities of that series, and upon the written request of that Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in respect of the Securities of that series.

     (d) The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent will be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

     (e) Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, premium, or interest has become due and payable will be paid to the Company upon a Company Request (or, if then held by the Company, will be discharged from such trust); and the Holder of such Security will thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money will thereupon cease; provided , however , that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which will not be less than 30 calendar days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

     SECTION 4.04 Existence . Subject to Article 10, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence and rights (charter and statutory); provided , however , that the Company will not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if the Board of Directors determines that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss thereof will not be disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders.

     SECTION 4.05 Statement by Officers as to Default . The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 calendar days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the first date any series of Securities issued under this Indenture is outstanding, a certificate signed by the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or treasurer of the Company stating whether or not to the knowledge of such person after due inquiry the Company is in default in the performance and observance of any of the terms, provisions, and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Company is in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which such person may have such knowledge. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, as soon as possible and in any event within five days after the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or an event which, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default, an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the details of such Event of Default or default and the action which the Company proposes to take with respect thereto.

     SECTION 4.06 Waiver of Certain Covenants . The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision, or condition set forth in this Indenture or any applicable supplemental indenture, with respect to the Securities of any series, if the Holders of a majority in Principal Amount of all outstanding Securities of such series shall, by act of such Holders in accordance with Section 7.01, either waive such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision, or condition in accordance with Article 9 and Section 5.07, but no such waiver will extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision, or condition will remain in full force and effect.

ARTICLE 5

REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND HOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT

     SECTION 5.01 Events of Default . Each of the following events constitutes an “Event of Default” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series:

     (a) default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on the Securities of that series;

     (b) default in payment when due of the principal (whether at Stated Maturity, upon redemption (if applicable), upon any required repurchase by the Company (if applicable) or otherwise) of or premium, if any, on the Securities of that series;

     (c) default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture which default continues for a period of 60 days after the Company receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% of the Principal Amount of Securities of that series then outstanding (with a copy to the Trustee if given by Holders) (except in the

case of a default with respect to Section 10.01 of this Indenture, which will constitute an Event of Default with such notice requirement but without such passage of time requirement).

     (d) the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (i) a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law or (ii) a decree or order adjudging the Company bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable federal or state law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive calendar days;

     (e) the commencement by the Company of a voluntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief with respect to the Company under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar law, or the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property pursuant to any such law, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or

     (f) any other Event of Default with respect to Securities of that series as provided in the applicable supplemental indenture.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the first 150 days immediately following the occurrence of an Event of Default resulting from the Company’s failure to comply with any obligations the Company may be deemed to have pursuant to section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act (which relates to the requirement that the Company furnish to the Trustee its annual reports and other information presently filed by the Company under the Exchange Act) or as set forth Section 15.04, the sole remedy for any such Event of Default shall be the accrual of additional interest on the Securities then outstanding at a rate per year equal to 0.50% of the outstanding Principal Amount of the Securities, payable semi-annually at the same time and in the same manner as regular interest on the Securities. In no event shall additional interest accrue at a rate per year in excess of 0.50% pursuant to the Indenture, regardless of the number of events or circumstances giving rise to the requirement to pay such additional interest. In addition to the accrual of such additional interest, on and after the 150th day immediately following the occurrence of an Event of Default resulting from the Company’s failure to comply with any obligations the Company may be deemed to have pursuant to section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act or as set forth in Section 15.04, the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided in Section 5.02.

     Upon receipt by the Trustee of any Notice of Default pursuant to this Section 5.01, a record date shall automatically and without any other action by any Person be set for the purpose of determining the Holders of outstanding Securities of the applicable series entitled to join in such Notice of Default, which record date shall be the close of business on the day the Trustee receives such Notice of Default. The Holders of outstanding Securities of the applicable series on such record date (or their duly appointed agents), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to join in such Notice of Default, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date.

     SECTION 5.02 Acceleration . (a) If any Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (d) or (e) of Section 5.01 hereof) occurs and is continuing with respect to Securities of any series, the Trustee by written notice to the Company or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate Principal Amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and any accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of the affected series to be due and payable immediately. Except as set forth above, upon such declaration the principal of, premium, if any, and interest shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in clause (d) or (e) of Section 5.01 hereof occurs with respect to the Company the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and any accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without further action or notice on the part of the Trustee or any Holder.

     (b) At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to the Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article 5 provided, the Holders of a majority in Principal Amount of the outstanding Securities of such series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay (A) all overdue interest on all of the Securities of that series, (B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) Securities of that series which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in the Securities of that series, (C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in the Securities of that series, and (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and its agents and counsel and (ii) all Events of Default with respect to the Securities of that series, other than the non-payment of the principal of the Securities of that series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.04. No such rescission will affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

     SECTION 5.03 Other Remedies . If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal or interest on the Securities of such series or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities of such series or this Indenture.

     The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities of such series or does not produce any of them in the proceeding and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

     SECTION 5.04 Waiver of Past Defaults . The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate Principal Amount of the Securities of any series then outstanding by written notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences under this Indenture except a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal (whether at Stated Maturity, upon redemption (if applicable), upon any required repurchase by the Company (if applicable or otherwise) of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any Security of such series or, in the case of the Securities of any series that are convertible or exchangeable, in the payment or delivery of any consideration due upon conversion or exchange of the Securities of that series (if applicable). The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Persons entitled to waive any past Default hereunder. If a record date is fixed, the Holders on such record date, or their duly designated proxies, and only such Persons, shall be entitled to waive any default hereunder, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

     SECTION 5.05 Control by Majority . With respect to the Securities of any series, the Holders of a majority in aggregate Principal Amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture, that the Trustee in good faith determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders of that series or that may involve or cause the Trustee any potential liability. The Trustee may take any other action which it deems proper which is not inconsistent with any such direction.

     Upon receipt by the Trustee of any such direction with respect to the Securities of such series, a record date shall automatically and without any other action by any Person be set for determining the Holders of outstanding Securities of such series entitled to join in such direction, which record date shall be the close of business on the day the Trustee receives such direction. The Holders of outstanding Securities of such series on such record date (or their duly appointed agents), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to join in such direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date.

     SECTION 5.06 Limitation on Suits . A Holder of any Security of any series may pursue a remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of the applicable series only if:

     (a) the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default;

     (b) the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate Principal Amount of the then outstanding Securities of that series make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

     (c) such Holder or Holders provide to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense in connection with the pursuance of such remedy;

     (d) during the 60-day period specified in (e) below, the Holders of a majority in aggregate Principal Amount of the then outstanding Securities of such series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request; and

     (e) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the notice, request and the offer of indemnity.

     Holders shall not have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture or any Security to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other such Holders or Holders of Securities of any other series, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

     SECTION 5.07 Rights of Holders to Receive Payment . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal (whether at Stated Maturity, upon redemption (if applicable), upon any required repurchase by the Company (if applicable) or otherwise) of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any Security or, if applicable, payment or delivery of any consideration due upon conversion or exchange of any Security, in each case, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment or delivery on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

     SECTION 5.08 Collection Suit by Trustee . If an Event of Default specified in Section 5.01 hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or any other obligor for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, remaining unpaid on any Securities of such series and interest on overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.07 hereof, including the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

     SECTION 5.09 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim . The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in o