Indenture

Exhibit 4.1

K. HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC.,
as Issuer

HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC.
and
the other Guarantors party hereto

and

WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY,
as Trustee

Indenture

Dated as of December 3, 2008

18.0% Senior Secured Notes Due 2017

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXHIBITS

     INDENTURE, dated as of December 3, 2008, among K. HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC., a California corporation (the “ Issuer ”), HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), each of the other Guarantors (as defined hereafter) and WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, a Delaware banking corporation, as Trustee (the “ Trustee ”).

RECITALS

     The Issuer has duly authorized the execution and delivery of the Indenture to provide for the issuance of up to $29,299,000 aggregate principal amount of the Issuer’s 18.0% Senior Secured Notes Due 2017 and, if and when issued, any Initial Additional Notes (together with any Exchange Notes issued therefor as provided herein, the “ Notes ”). All things necessary to make the Indenture a valid agreement of the Issuer, in accordance with its terms, have been done, and the Issuer has done all things necessary to make the Notes (in the case of any Additional Notes, when duly authorized), when duly issued and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, the valid obligations of the Issuer as hereinafter provided.

     In addition, the Guarantors party hereto have duly authorized the execution and delivery of the Indenture as guarantors of the Notes. All things necessary to make the Indenture a valid agreement of each Guarantor, in accordance with its terms, have been done, and each Guarantor has done all things necessary to make the Guarantees (in the case of the Guarantee of any Additional Notes, when duly authorized), when duly issued and executed by each Guarantor and when the Notes have been authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, the valid obligation of such Guarantor as hereinafter provided.

     This Indenture is subject to, and will be governed by, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are required to be a part of, and govern indentures qualified under, the Trust Indenture Act, provided that in each case the provisions of TIA §314(b) and §314(d) shall only apply following qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.

THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH

     For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Notes by the Holders thereof, the parties hereto covenant and agree, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders, as follows:

ARTICLE 1
Definitions and Incorporation by Reference

     Section 1.01. Definitions .

     “ Acquired Indebtedness ” means (a) with respect to any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or is merged into the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) after the Issue Date, Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or is merged into the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) that was not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary (or being merged into the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) and (b) with respect to the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, any Indebtedness expressly assumed by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with the acquisition of any assets from another Person (other than the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary), which Indebtedness was not incurred by such other Person in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition. Indebtedness incurred in connection with or in contemplation of any transaction described in clause (a) or (b) of the preceding sentence shall be deemed to have been incurred by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or is merged into the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) in the case of clause (a) or at the time of the acquisition of such assets in the case of clause (b), but shall not be deemed Acquired Indebtedness.

     “ Additional Interest ” means additional interest or liquidated damages owed to the Holders pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement.

     “ Additional Notes ” means any notes of the Issuer issued under this Indenture in addition to the Original Notes, including any Exchange Notes issued in exchange for such Additional Notes, having the same terms in all respects as the Original Notes, except that interest will accrue on the Additional Notes from their date of issuance.

     “ Administrative Agent ” means the administrative agent under the Revolving Credit Agreement (and any successor thereto).

     “ Affiliate ” means, when used with reference to a specified Person, any Person directly or indirectly controlling, or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with, the Person specified.

     “ Affiliate Transaction ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 4.13 hereof.

     “ Agent ” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Authenticating Agent.

     “ Agent Member ” means a member of, or a participant in, the Depositary.

     “ Asset Acquisition ” means (a) an Investment by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in any other Person if, as a result of such Investment,

such Person shall become a Restricted Subsidiary or shall be consolidated or merged with or into the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or (b) the acquisition by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary of the assets of any Person, which constitute all or substantially all of the assets or of an operating unit or line of business of such Person or which is otherwise outside the ordinary course of business.

     “ Asset Disposition ” means any sale, transfer, conveyance, lease or other disposition (including, without limitation, by way of merger, consolidation or sale and leaseback or sale of shares of Capital Stock in any Subsidiary) (each, a “ transaction ”) by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to any Person of any Property having a Fair Market Value in any transaction or series of related transactions of at least $5 million. The term “ Asset Disposition ” shall not include:

     (a) a transaction between the Company, the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiary or a transaction between Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (b) a transaction in the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation, sales (directly or indirectly), dedications and other donations to governmental authorities, leases and sales and leasebacks of (i) homes, improved land and unimproved land and (ii) real estate (including related amenities and improvements),

     (c) a transaction involving the sale of Capital Stock of, or the disposition of assets in, an Unrestricted Subsidiary,

     (d) any exchange or swap of assets of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary for assets (including Capital Stock of any Person that is or will be a Restricted Subsidiary following receipt thereof) that (i) are to be used by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of its Real Estate Business and (ii) have a Fair Market Value not less than the Fair Market Value of the assets exchanged or swapped ( provided that (except as permitted by clause (c) under the definition of “Permitted Investment”) to the extent that the assets exchanged or swapped were Collateral, the assets received are pledged as Collateral under the Security Documents substantially simultaneously with such sale, with the Lien on such assets received being of the same priority with respect to the Notes as the Lien on the assets disposed of),

     (e) any sale, transfer, conveyance, lease or other disposition of assets and properties that is governed by Section 4.14 hereof,

     (f) dispositions of mortgage loans and related assets and mortgage-backed securities in the ordinary course of a mortgage lending business, or

     (g) the creation of a Permitted Lien and dispositions in connection with Permitted Liens.

     “ Attributable Debt ” means, with respect to any Capitalized Lease Obligations, the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Authenticating Agent ” refers to a Person engaged to authenticate the Notes in the stead of the Trustee.

     “ Bankruptcy Law ” means title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

     “ Board of Directors ” means, when used with reference to the Issuer or the Company, as the case may be, the board of directors or any duly authorized committee of that board or any director or directors and/or officer or officers to whom that board or committee shall have duly delegated its authority.

     “ Business Day ” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City or in the city where the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is located are authorized or required by law or regulation to close.

     “ Capital Stock ” means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of or in such Person’s capital stock or other equity interests, and options, rights or warrants to purchase such capital stock or other equity interests, whether now outstanding or issued after the Issue Date, including, without limitation, all Disqualified Stock and Preferred Stock.

     “ Capitalized Lease Obligations ” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a lease that is required to be capitalized for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP, and the amount of such obligations will be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Cash Equivalents ” means

     (a) U.S. dollars;

     (b) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the U.S. government or any agency or instrumentality thereof having maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition;

     (c) certificates of deposit and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with

maturities not exceeding six months and overnight bank deposits, in each case with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500 million;

     (d) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (b) and (c) of this definition entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (c) of this definition;

     (e) commercial paper rated P-1, A-1 or the equivalent thereof by Moody’s or S&P, respectively, and in each case maturing within six months after the date of acquisition; and

     (f) investments in money market funds substantially all of the assets of which consist of securities described in the foregoing clauses (a) through (e) of this definition.

     “ cash transaction ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 7.03 hereof.

     “ Certificate of Beneficial Ownership ” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit H.

     “ Certificated Note ” means a Note in registered individual form without interest coupons.

     “ Change of Control ” means

     (a) any sale, lease or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to any Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary); provided , however , that a transaction where the holders of all classes of Common Equity of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of all classes of Common Equity of such Person immediately after such transaction shall not be a Change of Control;

     (b) a “ person ” or “ group ” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (other than (x) the Company or (y) the Permitted Hovnanian Holders)) becomes the “ beneficial owner ” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of Common Equity of the Company representing more than 50% of the voting power of the Common Equity of the Company;

     (c) Continuing Directors cease to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company;

     (d) the stockholders of the Company approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company; provided , however , that a

liquidation or dissolution of the Company which is part of a transaction that does not constitute a Change of Control under the proviso contained in clause (a) of this definition shall not constitute a Change of Control; or

     (e) a change of control shall occur as defined in the instrument governing any publicly traded debt securities of the Company or the Issuer which requires the Company or the Issuer to repay or repurchase such debt securities.

     “ Clearstream ” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, Luxembourg, formerly Cedelbank.

     “ Collateral ” means all property or assets of the Issuer and the Guarantors (whether now owned or hereafter arising or acquired) that secures Third-Priority Lien Obligations under the Security Documents.

     “ Collateral Agent ” means the Trustee acting as the collateral agent for the holders of the Third-Priority Lien Obligations under the Security Documents and any successor acting in such capacity.

     “ Collateralized Debt ” means (i) the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness and all letters of credit secured by Liens on the Collateral and (ii) the aggregate amount of all unfunded commitments under all credit facilities or lines of credit secured by Liens on the Collateral but excluding Indebtedness, letters of credit and unfunded commitments secured by Liens on the Collateral that rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Second-Priority Liens.

     “ Commission ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

     “ Common Equity ” of any Person means Capital Stock of such Person that is generally entitled to (a) vote in the election of directors of such Person or (b) if such Person is not a corporation, vote or otherwise participate in the selection of the governing body, partners, managers or others that will control the management or policies of such Person.

     “ Company ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the preamble hereof and shall also refer to any successor obligor under the Indenture and its Guarantee(s).

     “ Consolidated Adjusted Tangible Assets ” of the Company as of any date means the Consolidated Tangible Assets of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries at the end of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the date less any assets securing any Non-Recourse Indebtedness, as determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges ” means, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period plus (each to the extent deducted

in calculating such Consolidated Net Income and determined in accordance with GAAP) the sum for such period, without duplication, of:

     (a) income taxes,

     (b) Consolidated Interest Expense,

     (c) depreciation and amortization expenses and other non-cash charges to earnings, and

     (d) interest and financing fees and expenses which were previously capitalized and which are amortized to cost of sales, minus

     all other non-cash items (other than the receipt of notes receivable) increasing such Consolidated Net Income.

     “ Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio ” means, with respect to any determination date, the ratio of (x) Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges for the prior four full fiscal quarters (the “ Four Quarter Period ”) for which financial results have been reported immediately preceding the determination date (the “ Transaction Date ”), to (y) the aggregate Consolidated Interest Incurred for the Four Quarter Period. For purposes of this definition, “ Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges ” and “ Consolidated Interest Incurred ” shall be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis for the period of such calculation to:

     (a) the incurrence or the repayment, repurchase, defeasance or other discharge or the assumption by another Person that is not an Affiliate (collectively, “ repayment ”) of any Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (and the application of the proceeds thereof) giving rise to the need to make such calculation, and any incurrence or repayment of other Indebtedness (and the application of the proceeds thereof), at any time on or after the first day of the Four Quarter Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date, as if such incurrence or repayment, as the case may be (and the application of the proceeds thereof), occurred on the first day of the Four Quarter Period, except that Indebtedness under revolving credit facilities shall be deemed to be the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the Four Quarter Period (as reduced on such pro forma basis by the application of any proceeds of the incurrence of Indebtedness giving rise to the need to make such calculation);

     (b) any Asset Disposition or Asset Acquisition (including, without limitation, any Asset Acquisition giving rise to the need to make such calculation as a result of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (including any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of any such Asset Acquisition) incurring Acquired Indebtedness at any time on or after the first day of the Four Quarter Period and on or prior to the Transaction Date), as if such

Asset Disposition or Asset Acquisition (including the incurrence or repayment of any such Indebtedness) and the inclusion, notwithstanding clause (b) of the definition of “Consolidated Net Income,” of any Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges associated with such Asset Acquisition as if it occurred on the first day of the Four Quarter Period; provided, however , that the Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges associated with any Asset Acquisition shall not be included to the extent the net income so associated would be excluded pursuant to the definition of “Consolidated Net Income,” other than clause (b) thereof, as if it applied to the Person or assets involved before they were acquired; and

     (c) the Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges and the Consolidated Interest Incurred attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, shall be excluded.

     Furthermore, in calculating “Consolidated Cash Flow Available for Fixed Charges” for purposes of determining the denominator (but not the numerator) of this “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio,”

     (a) interest on Indebtedness in respect of which a pro forma calculation is required that is determined on a fluctuating basis as of the Transaction Date (including Indebtedness actually incurred on the Transaction Date) and which will continue to be so determined thereafter shall be deemed to have accrued at a fixed rate per annum equal to the rate of interest on such Indebtedness in effect on the Transaction Date, and

     (b) notwithstanding the immediately preceding clause (a), interest on such Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis, to the extent such interest is covered by agreements relating to Interest Protection Agreements, shall be deemed to accrue at the rate per annum resulting after giving effect to the operation of such agreements.

     “ Consolidated Interest Expense ” of the Company for any period means the Interest Expense of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Consolidated Interest Incurred ” for any period means the Interest Incurred of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Consolidated Net Income ” for any period means the aggregate net income (or loss) of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided , that there will be excluded from such net income (loss) (to the extent otherwise included therein), without duplication:

     (a) the net income (or loss) of (x) any Unrestricted Subsidiary (other than a Mortgage Subsidiary) or (y) any Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary or a Mortgage Subsidiary) in which any Person other than the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary has an ownership interest, except, in each case, to the extent that any such income has actually been received by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the form of cash dividends or similar cash distributions during such period, which dividends or distributions are not in excess of the Company’s, the Issuer’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s (as applicable) pro rata share of such Unrestricted Subsidiary’s or such other Person’s net income earned during such period,

     (b) except to the extent includable in Consolidated Net Income pursuant to clause (a) of this definition, the net income (or loss) of any Person that accrued prior to the date that (i) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company, the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (except, in the case of an Unrestricted Subsidiary that is redesignated a Restricted Subsidiary during such period, to the extent of its retained earnings from the beginning of such period to the date of such redesignation) or (ii) the assets of such Person are acquired by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary,

     (c) the net income of any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that (but only so long as) the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by such Restricted Subsidiary of that income is not permitted by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary during such period,

     (d) the gains or losses, together with any related provision for taxes, realized during such period by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary resulting from (i) the acquisition of securities, or extinguishment of Indebtedness, of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or (ii) any Asset Disposition by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, and

     (e) any extraordinary gain or loss together with any related provision for taxes, realized by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary;

provided, further , that for purposes of calculating Consolidated Net Income solely as it relates to clause (iii) of Section 4.07(a) hereof, clause (d)(ii) of this definition shall not be applicable.

     “ Consolidated Tangible Assets ” of the Company as of any date means the total amount of assets of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries (less applicable reserves) on a consolidated basis at the end of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding such date, as determined in accordance with

GAAP, less (1) Intangible Assets and (2) appropriate adjustments on account of minority interests of other Persons holding equity investments in Restricted Subsidiaries.

     “ Continuing Director ” means a director who either was a member of the Board of Directors of the Company on the Issue Date or who became a director of the Company subsequent to such date and whose election or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was duly approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors on the Board of Directors of the Company at the time of such approval, either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement issued by the Company on behalf of the entire Board of Directors of the Company in which such individual is named as nominee for director.

     “ control ” when used with respect to any Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “ controlling ” and “ controlled ” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

     “ Corporate Trust Office ” means the office of the Trustee at which the corporate trust business of the Trustee is principally administered, which at the date of this Indenture is located at Rodney Square North, 1100 North Market Street, Wilmington, DE 19801.

     “ Covenant Defeasance ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 8.02 hereof.

     “ Credit Facilities ” means, collectively, each of the credit facilities and lines of credit of the Company or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries in existence, or entered into, on the Issue Date, including, without limitation, the Revolving Credit Agreement, and one or more other facilities and lines of credit among or between the Company or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries and one or more lenders pursuant to which the Company or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries may incur indebtedness for working capital and general corporate purposes (including acquisitions), as any such facility or line of credit may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, and includes any agreement extending the maturity of, increasing the amount of, or restructuring, all or any portion of the Indebtedness under such facility or line of credit or any successor facilities or lines of credit and includes any facility or line of credit with one or more lenders refinancing or replacing all or any portion of the Indebtedness under such facility or line of credit or any successor facility or line of credit.

     “ Currency Agreement ” of any Person means any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement

designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values.

     “ Custodian ” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

     “ Dealer Managers ” means Lazard Frères & Co. LLC, Alvarez & Marsal Securities, LLC and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC.

     “ Dealer Managers Agreement ” means the Dealer Managers Agreement dated as of October 27, 2008 by and among the Dealer Managers, the Issuer and the Guarantors party thereto relating to the offer to exchange Initial Notes for certain of the Issuer’s then outstanding senior notes.

     “ Default ” means any event, act or condition that is, or after notice or the passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

     “ Depositary ” means the depositary of each Global Note, which will initially be DTC.

     “ Designation Amount ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary.”

     “ Disqualified Stock ” means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, (a) matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part, on or prior to the final maturity date of the Notes or (b) is convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for (whether at the option of the issuer or the holder thereof) (i) debt securities or (ii) any Capital Stock referred to in (a) above, in each case, at any time prior to the final maturity date of the Notes; provided , however , that any Capital Stock that would not constitute Disqualified Stock but for provisions thereof giving holders thereof (or the holders of any security into or for which such Capital Stock is convertible, exchangeable or exercisable) the right to require the Company to repurchase or redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change in control or asset disposition occurring prior to the final maturity date of the Notes shall not constitute Disqualified Stock if the change in control or asset disposition provision applicable to such Capital Stock are no more favorable to such holders than Section 4.10 or Section 4.12 hereof (as applicable) and such Capital Stock specifically provides that the Company will not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions prior to the Company’s repurchase of the Notes as are required pursuant to Section 4.10 or Section 4.12 hereof (as applicable).

     “ DTC ” means The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation.

     “ DTC Legend ” means the legend set forth in Exhibit D.

     “ Equity Offering ” means any public or private sale, after the Issue Date, of Qualified Stock of the Company, other than (i) an Excluded Contribution, (ii) public offerings registered on Form S-4 or S-8 or any successor form thereto or (iii) any issuance pursuant to employee benefit plans or otherwise in compensation to officers, directors or employees.

     “ Euroclear ” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. and its successors or assigns, as operator of the Euroclear System.

     “ Event of Default ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 5.01 hereof.

     “ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

     “ Exchange Notes ” means the notes of the Issuer issued under the Indenture in exchange for, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to, the Initial Notes or any Initial Additional Notes in compliance with the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement and containing terms substantially identical to the Initial Notes or any Initial Additional Notes (except that (i) such Exchange Notes will be registered under the Securities Act and will not be subject to transfer restrictions or bear the Restricted Legend, and (ii) the provisions relating to Additional Interest will be eliminated).

     “ Exchange Offer ” means an offer by the Issuer to the Holders of the Initial Notes or any Initial Additional Notes to exchange such Notes for Exchange Notes, as provided for in the applicable Registration Rights Agreement.

     “ Exchange Offer Registration Statement ” means the Exchange Offer Registration Statement as defined in the applicable Registration Rights Agreement.

     “ Excluded Contribution ” means cash or Cash Equivalents received by the Company as capital contributions to its equity (other than through the issuance of Disqualified Stock) or from the issuance or sale (other than to a Subsidiary) of Qualified Stock of the Company, in each case, after January 31, 2008 and to the extent designated as an Excluded Contribution pursuant to an Officers’ Certificate of the Company.

     “ Excluded Property ” means (a) any pledges of stock of a Guarantor to the extent that Rule 3-16 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act requires or would require (or is replaced with another rule or regulation, or any other law, rule or regulation is adopted, that would require) the filing with the Commission of separate financial statements of such Guarantor that are not otherwise required to be filed, but only to the extent necessary to not be subject to such requirement, (b) up to $50.0 million of assets received in connection with Asset Dispositions

and asset swaps or exchanges as permitted by clause (c) of the definition of “Permitted Investment,” (c) personal property where the cost of obtaining a security interest or perfection thereof exceeds its benefits, (d) real property subject to a Lien securing Indebtedness incurred for the purpose of financing the acquisition thereof, (e) real property located outside the United States, (f) unentitled land, (g) real property that is leased or held for the purpose of leasing to unaffiliated third parties, (h) equity interests in Unrestricted Subsidiaries (subject to future grants under the terms of the Indenture), (i) any real property in a community under development with a dollar amount of investment as of the most recent month-end (as determined in accordance with GAAP) of less than $2.0 million or with less than 10 lots remaining, (j) assets, with respect to which any applicable law or contract prohibits the creation or perfection of security interests therein and (k) any other assets excluded from the Collateral securing the First-Priority Lien Obligations or the Second-Priority Lien Obligations, if any.

     “ expiration date ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.05(b) hereof.

     “ Fair Market Value ” means, with respect to any asset, the price (after taking into account any liabilities relating to such assets) that would be negotiated in an arm’s-length transaction for cash between a willing seller and a willing and able buyer, neither of which is under any compulsion to complete the transaction, as such price is determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof, as evidenced by a resolution of such Board or committee.

     “ First-Priority Lien Obligations ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the definition of “Permitted Liens”.

      “First-Priority Liens ” means all Liens that secure the First-Priority Lien Obligations.

     “ GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession of the United States, as in effect on the Issue Date.

     “ Global Note ” means a Note in registered, global form without interest coupons.

     “ Guarantee ” means the guarantee of the Notes by each Guarantor under the Indenture.

     “ guarantee ” means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of any Person directly or indirectly guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any obligation, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, of such Person: (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness of such other Person (whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by agreement to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities or services, to take-or-pay, or to maintain financial statement conditions or otherwise) or (b) entered into for purposes of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof, in whole or in part; provided , that the term “ guarantee ” does not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business. The term “ guarantee ” used as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

     “ Guarantors ” means (a) initially, the Company and each of the other Guarantors signatory hereto as set forth on Schedule A hereto, which includes each of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries in existence on the Issue Date, other than the Issuer and K. Hovnanian Poland, sp.zo.o. and (b) each of the Company’s Subsidiaries that becomes a Guarantor of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, and their successors, in each case until released from its respective Guarantee pursuant to this Indenture.

     “ Holder ” or “ Holder(s) of Notes ” means the Person in whose name a Note is registered in the books of the Registrar for the Notes.

     “ incurrence ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 4.06(a) hereof.

     “ Indebtedness ” of any Person means, without duplication,

     (a) any liability of such Person (i) for borrowed money or under any reimbursement obligation relating to a letter of credit or other similar instruments (other than standby letters of credit or similar instruments issued for the benefit of, or surety, performance, completion or payment bonds, earnest money notes or similar purpose undertakings or indemnifications issued by, such Person in the ordinary course of business), (ii) evidenced by a bond, note, debenture or similar instrument (including a purchase money obligation) given in connection with the acquisition of any businesses, properties or assets of any kind or with services incurred in connection with capital expenditures (other than any obligation to pay a contingent purchase price which, as of the date of incurrence thereof, is not required to be recorded as a liability in accordance with GAAP), or (iii) in respect of Capitalized Lease Obligations (to the extent of the Attributable Debt in respect thereof),

     (b) any Indebtedness of others that such Person has guaranteed to the extent of the guarantee; provided , however , that Indebtedness of the Company and

its Restricted Subsidiaries will not include the obligations of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary under warehouse lines of credit of Mortgage Subsidiaries to repurchase mortgages at prices no greater than 98% of the principal amount thereof, and upon any such purchase the excess, if any, of the purchase price thereof over the Fair Market Value of the mortgages acquired, will constitute Restricted Payments subject to Section 4.07 hereof,

     (c) to the extent not otherwise included, the obligations of such Person under Currency Agreements or Interest Protection Agreements to the extent recorded as liabilities not constituting Interest Incurred, net of amounts recorded as assets in respect of such agreements, in accordance with GAAP, and

     (d) all Indebtedness of others secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person;

provided , that Indebtedness shall not include accounts payable, liabilities to trade creditors of such Person or other accrued expenses arising in the ordinary course of business. The amount of Indebtedness of any Person at any date shall be (i) the outstanding balance at such date of all unconditional obligations as described above, net of any unamortized discount to be accounted for as Interest Expense, in accordance with GAAP, (ii) the maximum liability of such Person for any contingent obligations under clause (a) of this definition at such date, net of an unamortized discount to be accounted for as Interest Expense in accordance with GAAP, and (iii) in the case of clause (d) of this definition, the lesser of (x) the fair market value of any asset subject to a Lien securing the Indebtedness of others on the date that the Lien attaches and (y) the amount of the Indebtedness secured.

     “ Indenture ” means this indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

     “ Initial Additional Notes ” means Additional Notes of the Issuer issued under the Indenture in an offering not registered under the Securities Act and any Notes issued in replacement therefor, but not including any Exchange Notes issued in exchange therefor.

     “ Initial Notes ” means the notes of the Issuer issued under the Indenture on the Issue Date and any Notes issued in replacement thereof, but not including any Exchange Notes issued in exchange therefor.

     “ Initial Purchasers ” means the initial purchasers party to a purchase agreement with the Issuer, the Company and the Guarantors party thereto relating to the sale of any Additional Notes by the Issuer.

     “ Institutional Accredited Investor Certificate ” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit G hereto.

     “ Intangible Assets ” of the Company means all unamortized debt discount and expense, unamortized deferred charges, goodwill, patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, write-ups of assets over their prior carrying value (other than write-ups which occurred prior to the Issue Date and other than, in connection with the acquisition of an asset, the write-up of the value of such asset (within one year of its acquisition) to its fair market value in accordance with GAAP) and all other items which would be treated as intangible on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries prepared in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Intercreditor Agreement ” means the Intercreditor Agreement dated on or about the Issue Date among the Administrative Agent, the Second Lien Notes Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee, the Collateral Agent, Wilmington Trust Company, the Issuer, the Company and each other Guarantor named therein, as such agreement may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

     “ Interest Expense ” of any Person for any period means, without duplication, the aggregate amount of (a) interest which, in conformity with GAAP, would be set opposite the caption “interest expense” or any like caption on an income statement for such Person (including, without limitation, imputed interest included in Capitalized Lease Obligations, all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptance financing, the net costs (but reduced by net gains) associated with Currency Agreements and Interest Protection Agreements, amortization of other financing fees and expenses, the interest portion of any deferred payment obligation, amortization of discount or premium, if any, and all other noncash interest expense (other than interest and other charges amortized to cost of sales)), and (b) all interest actually paid by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary under any guarantee of Indebtedness (including, without limitation, a guarantee of principal, interest or any combination thereof) of any Person other than the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period; provided , that Interest Expense shall exclude any expense associated with the complete write-off of financing fees and expenses in connection with the repayment of any Indebtedness.

     “ Interest Incurred ” of any Person for any period means, without duplication, the aggregate amount of (a) Interest Expense and (b) all capitalized interest and amortized debt issuance costs.

     “ Interest Payment Date ” means each May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing May 1, 2009.

     “ Interest Protection Agreement ” of any Person means any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement, option or futures contract or other

similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates with respect to Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the Indenture.

     “ Investments ” of any Person means (a) all investments by such Person in any other Person in the form of loans, advances or capital contributions, (b) all guarantees of Indebtedness or other obligations of any other Person by such Person, (c) all purchases (or other acquisitions for consideration) by such Person of Indebtedness, Capital Stock or other securities of any other Person and (d) all other items that would be classified as investments in any other Person (including, without limitation, purchases of assets outside the ordinary course of business) on a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.

     “ Issue Date ” means December 3, 2008.

     “ Issuer ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the preamble hereof and shall also refer to any successor obligor under the Indenture.

     “ Legal Defeasance ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 8.01 hereof.

     “ Lien ” means, with respect to any Property, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such Property. For purposes of this definition, a Person shall be deemed to own, subject to a Lien, any Property which it has acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement relating to such Property.

     “ Marketable Securities ” means (a) equity securities that are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange or The Nasdaq Stock Market and (b) debt securities that are rated by a nationally recognized rating agency, listed on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange or covered by at least two reputable market makers.

     “ Moody’s ” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor to its debt rating business.

     “ Mortgage Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary of the Company substantially all of whose operations consist of the mortgage lending business.

     “ Mortgage Tax Collateral Agent ” means Wilmington Trust Company in its capacity as Mortgage Tax Collateral Agent with respect to Liens granted on real property located in certain states identified under the Intercreditor Agreement and any successor thereto.

     “ Net Cash Proceeds ” means with respect to an Asset Disposition, payments received in cash (including any such payments received by way of

deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or otherwise (including any cash received upon sale or disposition of such note or receivable), but only as and when received), excluding any other consideration received in the form of assumption by the acquiring Person of Indebtedness or other obligations relating to the Property disposed of in such Asset Disposition or received in any other non-cash form unless and until such non-cash consideration is converted into cash therefrom, in each case, net of all legal, title and recording tax expenses, commissions and other fees and expenses incurred, and all federal, state and local taxes required to be accrued as a liability under GAAP as a consequence of such Asset Disposition, and in each case net of a reasonable reserve for the after-tax cost of any indemnification or other payments (fixed and contingent) attributable to the seller’s indemnities or other obligations to the purchaser undertaken by the Company, the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such Asset Disposition, and net of all payments made on any Indebtedness which is secured by or relates to such Property (other than Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral) in accordance with the terms of any Lien or agreement upon or with respect to such Property or which such Indebtedness must by its terms or by applicable law be repaid out of the proceeds from such Asset Disposition, and net of all contractually required distributions and payments made to minority interest holders in Restricted Subsidiaries or joint ventures as a result of such Asset Disposition.

     “ Non-Recourse Indebtedness ” with respect to any Person means Indebtedness of such Person for which (a) the sole legal recourse for collection of principal and interest on such Indebtedness is against the specific property identified in the instruments evidencing or securing such Indebtedness and such property was acquired with the proceeds of such Indebtedness or such Indebtedness was incurred within 90 days after the acquisition of such property and (b) no other assets of such Person may be realized upon in collection of principal or interest on such Indebtedness. Indebtedness which is otherwise Non-Recourse Indebtedness will not lose its character as Non-Recourse Indebtedness because there is recourse to the borrower, any guarantor or any other Person for (i) environmental warranties and indemnities, or (ii) indemnities for and liabilities arising from fraud, misrepresentation, misapplication or non-payment of rents, profits, insurance and condemnation proceeds and other sums actually received by the borrower from secured assets to be paid to the lender, waste and mechanics’ liens.

     “ Non-U.S. Person ” means a Person that is not a “U.S. person,” as such term is defined in Regulation S.

     “ Notes ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Recitals hereof.

     “ offer ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.05(a) hereof.

     “ Obligations ” means with respect to any Indebtedness, all obligations (whether in existence on the Issue Date or arising afterwards, absolute or contingent, direct or indirect) for or in respect of principal (when due, upon acceleration, upon redemption, upon mandatory repayment or repurchase pursuant to a mandatory offer to purchase, or otherwise), premium, interest, penalties, fees, indemnification, reimbursement and other amounts payable and liabilities with respect to such Indebtedness, including all interest accrued or accruing after the commencement of any bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or similar case or proceeding at the contract rate (including, without limitation, any contract rate applicable upon default) specified in the relevant documentation, whether or not the claim for such interest is allowed as a claim in such case or proceeding.

     “ Offer to Purchase ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.05(a) hereof.

     “ Officer ,” when used with respect to the Issuer or the Company, means the chairman of the Board of Directors, the president or chief executive officer, any vice president, the chief financial officer, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the controller, any assistant controller, the secretary or any assistant secretary of the Issuer or the Company, as the case may be.

     “ Officers’ Certificate ,” when used with respect to the Issuer or the Company, means a certificate signed by the chairman of the Board of Directors, the president or chief executive officer, or any vice president and by the chief financial officer, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the controller, any assistant controller, the secretary or any assistant secretary of the Issuer or the Company, as the case may be.

     “ Opinion of Counsel ” means a written opinion signed by legal counsel of the Issuer or the Company, who may be an employee of, or counsel to, the Issuer or the Company, and who shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee.

     “ Original Notes ” means the Initial Notes and any Exchange Notes issued in exchange therefor.

     “ Paying Agent ” refers to a Person engaged to perform the obligations of the Trustee in respect of payments made or funds held hereunder in respect of the Notes.

     “ Permanent Regulation S Global Note ” means a Regulation S Global Note that does not bear the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend.

     “ Permitted Hovnanian Holders ” means, collectively, Kevork S. Hovnanian, Ara K. Hovnanian, the members of their immediate families, the respective estates, spouses, heirs, ancestors, lineal descendants, legatees and legal representatives of any of the foregoing and the trustee of any bona fide trust of

which one or more of the foregoing are the sole beneficiaries or the grantors thereof, or any entity of which any of the foregoing, individually or collectively, beneficially own more than 50% of the Common Equity.

     “ Permitted Indebtedness ” means

     (a) Indebtedness under Credit Facilities which does not exceed $300.0 million principal amount outstanding at any one time;

     (b) Indebtedness in respect of obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries to the trustees under indentures for debt securities;

     (c) intercompany debt obligations of (i) the Company to the Issuer, (ii) the Issuer to the Company, (iii) the Company or the Issuer to any Restricted Subsidiary and (iv) any Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or the Issuer or any other Restricted Subsidiary; provided , however , that any Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary or the Issuer or the Company owed to any Restricted Subsidiary or the Issuer that ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to be incurred and shall be treated as an incurrence for purposes of Section 4.06(a) hereof at the time the Restricted Subsidiary in question ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary;

     (d) Indebtedness of the Company or the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary under any Currency Agreements or Interest Protection Agreements in a notional amount no greater than the payments due (at the time the related Currency Agreement or Interest Protection Agreement is entered into) with respect to the Indebtedness or currency being hedged;

     (e) Purchase Money Indebtedness and Capitalized Lease Obligations in an aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time not to exceed $25.0 million;

     (f) obligations for, pledge of assets in respect of, and guaranties of, bond financings of political subdivisions or enterprises thereof in the ordinary course of business;

     (g) Indebtedness secured only by office buildings owned or occupied by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, which Indebtedness does not exceed $10 million aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time;

     (h) Indebtedness under warehouse lines of credit, repurchase agreements and Indebtedness secured by mortgage loans and related assets of mortgage lending Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of a mortgage lending business; and

     (i) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary which, together with all other Indebtedness under this clause (i), does not exceed $50 million aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time.

     “ Permitted Investment ” means

     (a) Cash Equivalents;

     (b) any Investment in the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such Investment or that is consolidated or merged with or into, or transfers all or substantially all of the assets of it or an operating unit or line of business to, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary;

     (c) any receivables, loans or other consideration taken by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with any asset sale otherwise permitted by the Indenture; provided that non-cash consideration received in an Asset Disposition or an exchange or swap of assets shall be pledged as Collateral under the Security Documents to the extent the assets subject to such Asset Disposition or exchange or swap of assets constituted Collateral, with the Lien on such Collateral securing the Notes being of the same priority with respect to the Notes as the Lien on the assets disposed of; provided, further, that notwithstanding the foregoing clause, up to an aggregate of $50.0 million of (x) non-cash consideration and consideration received as referred to in Section 4.10(b)(ii), (y) assets invested in pursuant to Section 4.10(c) and (z) assets received pursuant to clause (d) under the definition of “Asset Disposition” may be designated by the Company or the Issuer as Excluded Property not required to be pledged as Collateral;

     (d) Investments received in connection with any bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding, or as a result of foreclosure, perfection or enforcement of any Lien or any judgment or settlement of any Person in exchange for or satisfaction of Indebtedness or other obligations or other property received from such Person, or for other liabilities or obligations of such Person created, in accordance with the terms of the Indenture;

     (e) Investments in Currency Agreements or Interest Protection Agreements described in the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”;

     (f) any loan or advance to an executive officer, director or employee of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary made in the ordinary course of business or in accordance with past practice; provided , however , that any such loan or advance exceeding $1 million shall have been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company or a committee thereof consisting of disinterested members;

     (g) Investments in interests in issuances of collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgages, mortgage loan servicing, or other mortgage related assets;

     (h) obligations of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary under warehouse lines of credit of Mortgage Subsidiaries to repurchase mortgages; and

     (i) Investments in an aggregate amount outstanding not to exceed $10 million.

     “ Permitted Liens ” means

     (a) Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental or quasi-government charges or claims that (i) are not yet delinquent, (ii) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and as to which appropriate reserves have been established or other provisions have been made in accordance with GAAP, if required, or (iii) encumber solely property abandoned or in the process of being abandoned,

     (b) statutory Liens of landlords and carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, suppliers’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other Liens imposed by law and arising in the ordinary course of business and with respect to amounts that, to the extent applicable, either (i) are not yet delinquent or (ii) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and as to which appropriate reserves have been established or other provisions have been made in accordance with GAAP, if required,

     (c) Liens (other than any Lien imposed by the Employer Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended) incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security,

     (d) Liens incurred or deposits made to secure the performance of tenders, bids, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, development obligations, progress payments, government contacts, utility services, developer’s or other obligations to make on-site or off-site improvements and other obligations of like nature (exclusive of obligations for the payment of borrowed money but including the items referred to in the parenthetical in clause (a)(i) of the definition of “Indebtedness”), in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (e) attachment or judgment Liens not giving rise to a Default or an Event of Default,

     (f) easements, dedications, assessment district or similar Liens in connection with municipal or special district financing, rights-of-way, restrictions, reservations and other similar charges, burdens, and other similar charges or

encumbrances not materially interfering with the ordinary course of business of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (g) zoning restrictions, licenses, restrictions on the use of real property or minor irregularities in title thereto, which do not materially impair the use of such real property in the ordinary course of business of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (h) Liens securing Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (g) or (h) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”,

     (i) Liens on the Collateral and other assets not constituting Collateral pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) of the definition of “Excluded Property” securing:

          (a) the Notes (other than Additional Notes), the Guarantees thereof and other Obligations under the Indenture and the Security Documents and in respect thereof and any obligations owing to the Trustee or the Collateral Agent under the Indenture or the Security Documents;

          (b) (i) Indebtedness incurred under clause (a) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” (and all Obligations, including letters of credit and similar instruments, incurred, issued or arising under such secured Credit Facilities that permit borrowings not in excess of the limit set out in such clause (a)) and Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof (which Refinancing Indebtedness is incurred under such clause (a)), (ii) up to an additional $25.0 million of Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred under the Indenture (and all Obligations, including letters of credit and similar instruments, incurred, issued or arising thereunder) and Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof and (iii) Obligations under Currency Agreements and Interest Protection Agreements entered into with agents or lenders under the Indebtedness referred to in clause (i)(b)(i) of this definition or their affiliates, which Liens incurred under this clause (i)(b) may be on a first-lien priority basis senior to the Liens securing the Notes on terms as set forth in the Intercreditor Agreement (collectively, “ First-Priority Lien Obligations ”);

          (c) other Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the Indenture (and all Obligations in respect thereof), which may be in the form of Additional Notes; provided , that (i) such Indebtedness is Refinancing Indebtedness issued in exchange for or to refinance Indebtedness of the Issuer outstanding on May 27, 2008 and (ii) the Liens securing such Indebtedness rank pari passu with (or junior to) the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes (if junior, on a basis substantially the same as the basis on which the Liens securing the Notes are treated under the Intercreditor Agreement with respect to the Second-Priority Liens); provided , further , that after giving effect to such incurrence, the aggregate amount of all consolidated Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer and the

Restricted Subsidiaries (including, with respect to Capitalized Lease Obligations, the Attributable Debt in respect thereof) secured by Liens (other than Non-Recourse Indebtedness and Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (h) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”) shall not exceed 40% of Consolidated Adjusted Tangible Assets at any one time outstanding (after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness and the use of the proceeds thereof); and

          (d) the Second Lien Notes, the guarantees thereof and other Obligations under the Second Lien Notes Indenture and the security documents related thereto and in respect thereof and any obligations owing to the Second Lien Notes Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Second Lien Notes Indenture or the security documents related thereto and any Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof, which Liens incurred under this clause (i)(d) may be on a second-lien priority basis senior to the Liens securing the Notes on terms as set forth in the Intercreditor Agreement (the “ Second-Priority Lien Obligations ”),

     (j) Liens securing Non-Recourse Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary; provided , that such Liens apply only to the property financed out of the net proceeds of such Non-Recourse Indebtedness within 90 days after the incurrence of such Non-Recourse Indebtedness,

     (k) Liens securing Purchase Money Indebtedness; provided , that such Liens apply only to the property acquired, constructed or improved with the proceeds of such Purchase Money Indebtedness within 90 days after the incurrence of such Purchase Money Indebtedness,

     (l) Liens on property or assets of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary securing Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary owing to the Company, the Issuer or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries (other than K. Hovnanian Poland, sp.zo.o.),

     (m) leases or subleases granted to others not materially interfering with the ordinary course of business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (n) purchase money security interests (including, without limitation, Capitalized Lease Obligations); provided , that such Liens apply only to the Property acquired and the related Indebtedness is incurred within 90 days after the acquisition of such Property,

     (o) any right of first refusal, right of first offer, option, contract or other agreement to sell an asset; provided , that such sale is not otherwise prohibited under the Indenture,

     (p) any right of a lender or lenders to which the Company, the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary may be indebted to offset against, or appropriate and

apply to the payment of such, Indebtedness any and all balances, credits, deposits, accounts or money of the Company, the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary with or held by such lender or lenders or its Affiliates,

     (q) any pledge or deposit of cash or property in conjunction with obtaining surety, performance, completion or payment bonds and letters of credit or other similar instruments or providing earnest money obligations, escrows or similar purpose undertakings or indemnifications in the ordinary course of business of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries,

     (r) Liens for homeowner and property owner association developments and assessments,

     (s) Liens securing Refinancing Indebtedness; provided , that such Liens extend only to the assets securing the Indebtedness being refinanced and have the same or junior priority as the initial Liens; provided , further , that no Liens may be incurred under this clause (s) in respect of Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to refinance Indebtedness that is secured by Liens incurred under clauses (i)(b)(i), (i)(b)(ii) or (i)(d) of this definition (it being understood that Liens incurred in respect of such Indebtedness may only be refinanced under such clauses (i)(b)(i), (i)(b)(ii) or (i)(d),

     (t) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business as security for the obligations of the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to indemnification in respect of title insurance providers,

     (u) Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or becomes a Subsidiary of the Company; provided , that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such merger or consolidation or acquisition and do not extend to any assets other than those of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Company or the Subsidiary or acquired by the Company or its Subsidiaries,

     (v) Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition thereof by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, provided , that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such acquisition,

     (w) Liens existing on the Issue Date (other than Liens securing Obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement, the Second Lien Notes or the Notes) and any extensions, renewals or replacements thereof, and

     (x) Liens on specific items of inventory or other goods and proceeds of any Person securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods.

     “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

     “ Preferred Stock ” of any Person means all Capital Stock of such Person which has a preference in liquidation or with respect to the payment of dividends.

     “ Property ” of any Person means all types of real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed property owned by such Person, whether or not included in the most recent consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Subsidiaries under GAAP.

     “ purchase amount ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.05(b) hereof.

     “ purchase date ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 3.05(b) hereof.

     “ Purchase Money Indebtedness ” means Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price, or the cost of construction or improvement, of any property to be used in the ordinary course of business by the Company, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries; provided , however , that (a) the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness shall not exceed such purchase price or cost and (b) such Indebtedness shall be incurred no later than 90 days after the acquisition of such property or completion of such construction or improvement.

     “ Qualified Stock ” means Capital Stock of the Company other than Disqualified Stock.

     “ Real Estate Business ” means homebuilding, housing construction, real estate development or construction and the sale of homes and related real estate activities, including the provision of mortgage financing or title insurance.

     “ Record Date ” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date means the April 15 or October 15 (whether or not a Business Day) immediately preceding such Interest Payment Date.

     “ Refinancing Indebtedness ” means Indebtedness (to the extent not Permitted Indebtedness) that refunds, refinances or extends any Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent not Permitted Indebtedness) outstanding on the Issue Date or other Indebtedness (to the extent not Permitted Indebtedness) permitted to be incurred by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, but only to the extent that:

     (a) the Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated, if at all, to the Notes or the Guarantees, as the case may be, to the same extent as the Indebtedness being refunded, refinanced or extended ( provided that Refinancing Indebtedness issued to refund, refinance or extend Subordinated Indebtedness outstanding as of the Issue Date (“ Existing Subordinated Debt ”) need not be subordinated to the Notes or the Guarantees, as the case may, so long as any Liens securing such Indebtedness are pari passu or junior to the Liens securing the Notes or the Guarantees, as the case may be),

     (b) the Refinancing Indebtedness is scheduled to mature either (i) no earlier than the Indebtedness being refunded, refinanced or extended or (ii) after the maturity date of the Notes (unless the Refinancing Indebtedness is in respect of Existing Subordinated Debt and is secured by Liens on the Collateral, in which case the Refinancing Indebtedness must be scheduled to mature no earlier than the maturity date of the Notes),

     (c) the portion, if any, of the Refinancing Indebtedness that is scheduled to mature on or prior to the maturity date of the Notes has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity at the time such Refinancing Indebtedness is incurred that is equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the portion of the Indebtedness being refunded, refinanced or extended that is scheduled to mature on or prior to the maturity date of the Notes, and

     (d) such Refinancing Indebtedness is in an aggregate principal amount that is equal to or less than the aggregate principal amount then outstanding under the Indebtedness being refunded, refinanced or extended.

     “ Register ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 2.09 hereof.

     “ Registrar ” means a Person engaged to maintain the Register.

     “ Registration Rights Agreement ” means (i) with respect to the Initial Notes, the Registration Rights Agreement dated the Issue Date among the Issuer, the Company, the other Guarantors party thereto and the Dealer Managers, and (ii) with respect to any Initial Additional Notes, any registration rights agreements among the Issuer, the Company, the other Guarantors party thereto and any initial purchasers or dealer managers party thereto relating to rights given by the Issuer to the purchasers of Initial Additional Notes to register such Initial Additional Notes or exchange them for Exchange Notes registered under the Securities Act.

     “ Regulation S ” means Regulation S under the Securities Act.

     “ Regulation S Certificate ” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto.

     “ Regulation S Global Note ” means a Global Note representing Notes issued and sold pursuant to Regulation S.

     “ Regulation S Temporary Global Note ” means an Regulation S Global Note that bears the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend.

     “ Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend ” means the legend set forth in Exhibit I.

     “ Repurchase Date ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 4.12(a) hereof.

     “ Responsible Officer ,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee with direct responsibility for the administration of the trust created by this Indenture.

     “ Restricted Investment ” means any Investment other than a Permitted Investment.

     “ Restricted Legend ” means the legend set forth in Exhibit C.

     “ Restricted Payment ” means any of the following:

     (a) the declaration or payment of any dividend or any other distribution on Capital Stock of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any payment made to the direct or indirect holders (in their capacities as such) of Capital Stock of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than (i) dividends or distributions payable solely in Qualified Stock and (ii) in the case of the Issuer or Restricted Subsidiaries, dividends or distributions payable to the Company, the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary);

     (b) the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Capital Stock of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than a payment made to the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary);

     (c) any Investment (other than any Permitted Investment), including any Investment in an Unrestricted Subsidiary (including by the designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary) and any amounts paid in accordance with clause (b) of the definition of “Indebtedness”; and

     (d) the purchase, repurchase, redemption, acquisition or retirement for value, prior to the date for any scheduled maturity, sinking fund or amortization or other principal installment payment, of any Subordinated Indebtedness (other than (a) Indebtedness permitted under clause (c) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” or (b) the purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance, or other

acquisition or retirement of Subordinated Indebtedness purchased in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, amortization or principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement).

     “ Restricted Period ” means the relevant 40-day “distribution compliance period” as such term is defined in Regulation S, which, for each relevant Note, commences on the date such Note is issued.

     “ Restricted Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary of the Company which is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

     “ Revolving Credit Agreement ” means that certain Seventh Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 7, 2008, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto dated May 16, 2008, among the Issuer, the Company, the Administrative Agent, and a syndicate of lenders, as may be amended, restated, renewed, modified, refunded, replaced, revised, restructured or refinanced in whole or in part from time to time, including to extend the maturity thereof, to increase the amount of commitments thereunder ( provided that any such increase is permitted under Section 4.06, or to add Restricted Subsidiaries as additional borrowers or guarantors thereunder, whether by the same or any other agent, lender or group of lenders or investors and whether such revision, restructuring, amendment, restatement, refunding, renewal, modification, replacement or refinancing is under one or more credit facilities or commercial paper facilities, indentures or other agreements, in each case with banks or other institutional lenders or trustees or investors providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, notes or letters or credit, together with related documents thereto (including, without limitation, any guaranty agreements and security documents).

     “ Rule 144A ” means Rule 144A under the Securities Act.

     “ Rule 144A Certificate ” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit F hereto.

     “ Rule 144A Global Note ” means a Global Note that bears the Restricted Legend representing Notes issued, transferred or exchanged pursuant to Rule 144A.

     “ S&P ” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc., a New York corporation, or any successor to its debt rating business.

     “ Second Lien Notes ” means the Issuer’s $600 million 11 ¹ / ₂ % Senior Secured Notes due May 1, 2013 issued under the Second Lien Notes Indenture.

     “ Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent ” means the Second Lien Notes Trustee acting as the collateral agent for the holders of the Second-Priority Lien Obligations and any successor acting in such capacity.

     “ Second Lien Notes Indenture ” means the indenture dated as of May 27, 2008, relating to the Second Lien Notes, among the Issuer, the Company, the guarantors party thereto and the Second Lien Notes Trustee.

     “ Second Lien Notes Trustee ” means Wilmington Trust Company, a Delaware banking corporation (as successor to Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, a national banking association), acting as trustee for the Second Lien Notes, or any successor acting in such capacity.

     “ Second-Priority Lien Obligations ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the definition of “Permitted Liens”.

      “Second-Priority Liens ” means all Liens that secure the Second-Priority Lien Obligations.

     “ Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

     “ Security Documents ” means (i) the Intercreditor Agreement and (ii) the security documents granting a security interest in any assets of any Person to secure the Obligations under the Notes and the Guarantees as each may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

     “ self-liquidating paper ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 7.03 hereof.

     “ Significant Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary of the Company which would constitute a “ significant subsidiary ” as defined in Rule 1-02(w)(1) or (2) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act as in effect on the Issue Date.

     “ Subordinated Indebtedness ” means Indebtedness subordinated in right of payment to the Notes pursuant to a written agreement and includes any Indebtedness ranking equally in right of payment to the Notes but unsecured or secured by the Collateral on a basis entirely junior to that of the Notes.

     “ Subsidiary ” of any Person means any corporation or other entity of which a majority of the Capital Stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other persons performing similar functions is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person.

     “ Successor ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 4.14 hereof.

     “ Third-Priority Liens ” means all Liens that secure the Third-Priority Lien Obligations.

     “ Third-Priority Lien Obligations ” means (i) all Indebtedness and other Obligations under the Indenture, the Notes, the Guarantees and the Security Documents and (ii) any other Indebtedness secured on a third-priority basis by the Collateral and the Obligations under the indenture under which such Indebtedness is issued, the guarantees thereof and the security documents related thereto.

     “ Trustee ” means the party named as such in the preamble of this Indenture until such time, if any, a successor replaces such party in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

     “ Trust Indenture Act ” or “ TIA ” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

      “U.S. Government Obligations” means non-callable, non-payable bonds, notes, bills or other similar obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States government or any agency thereof the full and timely payment of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.

     “ Unrestricted Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary of the Company so designated by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof as provided below; provided , that (a) the holders of Indebtedness thereof do not have direct or indirect recourse against the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, and neither the Company, the Issuer nor any Restricted Subsidiary otherwise has liability for, any payment obligations in respect of such Indebtedness (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument evidencing such Indebtedness), except, in each case, to the extent that the amount thereof constitutes a Restricted Payment permitted by the Indenture, in the case of Non-Recourse Indebtedness, to the extent such recourse or liability is for the matters discussed in the last sentence of the definition of “Non-Recourse Indebtedness,” or to the extent such Indebtedness is a guarantee by such Subsidiary of Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary and (b) no holder of any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary shall have a right to declare a default on such Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to be accelerated or payable prior to its stated maturity as a result of a default on any Indebtedness of the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary. As of the Issue Date, the Unrestricted Subsidiaries will be the subsidiaries of the Company named in Exhibit J hereto.

     Subject to the foregoing, the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof may designate any Subsidiary in addition to those named above to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary; provided , however , that (a) the net

amount (the “ Designation Amount ”) then outstanding of all previous Investments by the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries in such Subsidiary will be deemed to be a Restricted Payment at the time of such designation and will reduce the amount available for Restricted Payments under Section 4.07 hereof to the extent provided therein, (b) the Company must be permitted under Section 4.07 hereof to make the Restricted Payment deemed to have been made pursuant to clause (a) of this paragraph, and (c) after giving effect to such designation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing. In accordance with the foregoing, and not in limitation thereof, Investments made by any Person in any Subsidiary of such Person prior to such Person’s merger with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (but not in contemplation or anticipation of such merger) shall not be counted as an Investment by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary if such Subsidiary of such Person is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

     The Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof may also redesignate an Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however , that (a) the Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary as of the date of such redesignation could then be incurred under Section 4.06 hereof and (b) immediately after giving effect to such redesignation and the incurrence of any such additional Indebtedness, the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries could incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness under Section 4.06(a) hereof. Any such designation or redesignation by the Board of Directors of the Company or a committee thereof will be evidenced to the Trustee by the filing with the Trustee of a certified copy of the resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company or a committee thereof giving effect to such designation or redesignation and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such designation or redesignation complied with the foregoing conditions and setting forth the underlying calculations of such Officers’ Certificate. The designation of any Person as an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to include a designation of all Subsidiaries of such Person as Unrestricted Subsidiaries; provided , however , that the ownership of the general partnership interest (or a similar member’s interest in a limited liability company) by an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall not cause a Subsidiary of the Company of which more than 95% of the equity interest is held by the Company or one or more Restricted Subsidiaries to be deemed an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

     “ Weighted Average Life to Maturity ” means, when applied to any Indebtedness or portion thereof at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing (a) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (i) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payment of principal, including, without limitation, payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (ii) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment by (b) the sum of all such payments described in clause (a)(i) of this definition.

     “ $ ” means U.S. dollars.

     Section 1.02. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise requires or except as otherwise expressly provided,

     (a) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

     (b) “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to the Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Section, Article other subdivision;

     (c) all references to Sections or Articles or Exhibits refer to Sections or Articles or Exhibits of or to this Indenture unless otherwise indicated;

     (d) references to agreements or instruments, or to statutes or regulations, are to such agreements or instruments, or statutes or regulations, as amended from time to time (or to successor statutes and regulations); and

     (e) in the event that a transaction meets the criteria of more than one category of permitted transactions or listed exceptions, the Issuer may classify such transaction as it, in its sole discretion, determines.

ARTICLE 2
The Notes

     Section 2.01. Form, Dating and Denominations; Legends. (a) The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication will be substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A. The terms and provisions contained in the form of the Note annexed as Exhibit A constitute and are hereby expressly made a part of the Indenture. The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by this Indenture, law, rules of or agreements with national securities exchanges to which the Issuer is subject, or usage. Each Note will be dated the date of its authentication. The Notes will be issuable in denominations of $2,000 in principal amount and any multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof (and in any multiple of $1.00 principal amount in excess of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 principal amount, if the Issuer has elected to issue Notes in such denominations pursuant to Section 2.02).

     (b) (i) Except as otherwise provided in clause (c) of this Section 2.01, Section 2.09(b)(iv), Section 2.10(b)(iii), Section 2.10(b)(v), or Section 2.10(c), each Initial Note or Initial Additional Note will bear the Restricted Legend.

          (ii) Each Global Note, whether or not an Original Note or Additional Note, will bear the DTC Legend.

          (iii) Each Regulation S Temporary Global Note will bear the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend.

          (iv) Initial Notes and Initial Additional Notes offered and sold (or issued in an exchange transaction) in reliance on Regulation S will be issued as provided in Section 2.11(a).

          (v) Initial Notes and Initial Additional Notes offered and sold (or issued in an exchange transaction) in reliance on any exception under the Securities Act other than Regulation S and Rule 144A will be issued, and upon the request of the Issuer to the Trustee, Initial Notes and Initial Additional Notes offered and sold (or issued in an exchange transaction) in reliance on Rule 144A may be issued, in the form of Certificated Notes.

          (vi) Exchange Notes will be issued, subject to Section 2.09(b), in the form of one or more Global Notes.

     (c) (i) If the Issuer determines (upon the advice of counsel and after consideration of other certifications and evidence as the Issuer may reasonably require) that a Note is eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or a successor provision) without being subject to any conditions as provided in such Rule and that the Restricted Legend is no longer necessary or appropriate in order to ensure that subsequent transfers of the Note (or a beneficial interest therein) are effected in compliance with the Securities Act, or

          (ii) after an Initial Note or any Initial Additional Note is

          (A) sold pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, filed pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement or otherwise, or

          (B) is validly tendered for an Exchange Note pursuant to an Exchange Offer

then, the Issuer may instruct the Trustee to cancel the Note and issue to the Holder thereof (or to its transferee) a new Note of like tenor and amount, registered in the name of the Holder thereof (or its transferee), that does not bear the Restricted Legend, and the Trustee will comply with such instruction.

     (d) By its acceptance of any Note bearing the Restricted Legend (or any beneficial interest in such a Note), each Holder thereof and each owner of a beneficial interest therein acknowledges the restrictions on transfer of such Note (and any such beneficial interest) set forth in this Indenture and in the Restricted Legend and agrees that it will transfer such Note (and any such beneficial interest) only in accordance with the Indenture and such legend.

     Section 2.02. Execution and Authentication; Exchange Notes; Additional Notes. (a) An Officer shall execute the Notes for the Issuer by facsimile or manual signature in the name and on behalf of the Issuer. If an Officer whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office at the time the Note is authenticated, the Note will still be valid.

     (b) A Note will not be valid until the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Note, with the signature conclusive evidence that the Note has been authenticated under the Indenture.

     (c) At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of the Indenture, the Issuer may deliver Notes executed by the Issuer to the Trustee for authentication. The Trustee will authenticate and deliver:

     (i) Initial Notes for original issue in the aggregate principal amount not to exceed $29,299,000,

     (ii) Initial Additional Notes from time to time for original issue in the aggregate principal amounts specified by the Issuer, and

     (iii) Exchange Notes from time to time for issue in exchange for a like principal amount of Initial Notes or Initial Additional Notes

after the following conditions have been met:

     (A) Receipt by the Trustee of a certificate, executed by an Officer specifying

     (1) the amount of Notes to be authenticated and the date on which the Notes are to be authenticated,

     (2) whether the Notes are to be Initial Notes, Initial Additional Notes or Exchange Notes,

     (3) in the case of Initial Additional Notes, that the issuance of such Notes does not contravene any provision of Article 4,

     (4) whether the Notes are to be issued as one or more Global Notes or Certificated Notes,

     (5) whether the Notes are to be issued in denominations of $1.00 in excess of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof; and

     (6) other information the Issuer may determine to include or the Trustee may reasonably request.

     (B) In the case of Initial Additional Notes, receipt by the Senior Trustee of an Opinion of Counsel confirming that the Holders of the outstanding Notes will be subject to federal income tax in the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Initial Additional Notes were not issued.

     (C) In the case of Exchange Notes, effectiveness of an Exchange Offer Registration Statement and Consummation (as defined in the applicable Registration Rights Agreement) of the exchange offer thereunder (and receipt by the Trustee of an Officers’ Certificate to that effect). Initial Notes or Initial Additional Notes exchanged for Exchange Notes will be cancelled by the Trustee, who will dispose of them in accordance with its normal procedures or the written instructions of the Issuer.

     Section 2.03. Registrar, Paying Agent and Authenticating Agent; Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. (a) The Issuer may appoint one or more Registrars and one or more Paying Agents, and the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent, in which case each reference in the Indenture to the Trustee in respect of the obligations of the Trustee to be performed by that Agent will be deemed to be references to the Agent. The Issuer may act as Registrar or (except for purposes of Article 8) Paying Agent. In each case, the Issuer and the Trustee will enter into an appropriate agreement with the Agent implementing the provisions of the Indenture relating to the obligations of the Trustee to be performed by the Agent and the related rights.

     (b) The Issuer will require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust for the benefit of the Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes and will promptly notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuer in making any such payment. The Issuer at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and account for any funds disbursed, and the Trustee may at any time during the continuance of any payment default, upon written request to a Paying Agent, require the Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed. Upon doing so, the Paying Agent will have no further liability for the money so paid over to the Trustee.

     Section 2.04 . Replacement Notes. If a mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee or if a Holder claims that its Note has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Issuer will issue and the Trustee will authenticate a replacement Note of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. Every replacement Note is an additional obligation of the Issuer and entitled to the benefits of the Indenture. If required by the Trustee or the Issuer, an indemnity must be furnished that is sufficient in the judgment of both the Trustee and the Issuer to protect the Issuer and the Trustee from any loss they may suffer if a Note is replaced. The Issuer may charge the Holder for the expenses of the Issuer and the Trustee in replacing a Note. In case the mutilated, lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken Note has become or is about to become due and payable, the Issuer in its discretion may pay the Note instead of issuing a replacement Note.

     Section 2.05. Outstanding Notes. (a)  Notes outstanding at any time are all Notes that have been authenticated by the Trustee except for:

     (i) Notes cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to it for cancellation;

     (ii) any Note which has been replaced pursuant to Section 2.04 unless and until the Trustee and the Issuer receive proof satisfactory to them that the replaced Note is held by a protected purchaser; and

     (iii) on or after the maturity date or any redemption date or date for purchase of the Notes pursuant to an Offer to Purchase, those Notes payable or to be redeemed or purchased on that date for which the Trustee (or Paying Agent, other than the Issuer or an Affiliate of the Issuer) holds money sufficient to pay all amounts then due.

     (b) A Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Issuer or one of its Affiliates holds the Note; provided , that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the outstanding Notes have given or taken any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action hereunder, Notes owned by the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer will be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding (it being understood that in determining whether the Trustee is protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, only Notes which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee knows to be so owned will be so disregarded). Notes so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer.

     Section 2.06 . Temporary Notes. Until definitive Notes are ready for delivery, the Issuer may prepare and the Trustee will authenticate temporary Notes. Temporary Notes will be substantially in the form of definitive Notes but may have insertions, substitutions, omissions and other variations determined to be appropriate by the Officer executing the temporary Notes, as evidenced by the execution of the temporary Notes. If temporary Notes are issued, the Issuer will cause definitive Notes to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Notes, the temporary Notes will be exchangeable for definitive Notes upon surrender of the temporary Notes at the office or agency of the Issuer designated for the purpose pursuant to Section 4.02 without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any temporary Notes, the Issuer will execute and the Trustee will authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Notes of authorized denominations. Until so exchanged, the temporary Notes will be entitled to the same benefits under the Indenture as definitive Notes.

     Section 2.07. Cancellation. The Issuer at any time may deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Notes previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuer may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Notes previously authenticated hereunder which the Issuer has not issued and sold. Any Registrar or the Paying Agent will forward to the Trustee any Notes surrendered to it for transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee will cancel all Notes surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment or cancellation and dispose of them in accordance with its normal procedures or the written instructions of the Issuer. The Issuer may not issue new Notes to replace Notes that it has paid in full or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, except for Exchange Notes.

     Section 2.08. CUSIP and ISIN Numbers. The Issuer in issuing the Notes may use “CUSIP” and “ISIN” numbers, and the Trustee will use CUSIP numbers or ISIN numbers in notices of redemption or exchange or in Offers to Purchase as a convenience to Holders, the notice to state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of redemption or exchange or Offer to Purchase. The Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the CUSIP or ISIN numbers.

     Section 2.09. Registration, Transfer and Exchange. (a) The Notes will be issued in registered form only, without coupons, and the Issuer shall cause the Trustee to maintain a register (the “ Register ”) of the Notes, for registering the record ownership of the Notes by the Holders and transfers and exchanges of the Notes.

     (b) (i) Each Global Note will be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee and, so long as DTC is serving as the Depositary thereof, will bear the DTC Legend.

     (ii) Each Global Note will be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for the Depositary. Transfers of a Global Note (but not a beneficial interest therein) will be limited to transfers thereof in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary, its successors or their respective nominees, except (A) as set forth in Section 2.09(b)(iv) and (B) transfers of portions thereof in the form of Certificated Notes may be made upon request of an Agent Member (for itself or on behalf of a beneficial owner) by 20 days’ prior written notice given to the Trustee by or on behalf of the Depositary in accordance with customary procedures of the Depositary and in compliance with this Section and Section 2.10.

     (iii) Agent Members will have no rights under the Indenture with respect to any Global Note held on their behalf by the Depositary, and the Depositary may be treated by the Issuer, the Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Trustee as the absolute owner and Holder of such Global Note for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Depositary or its nominee may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person (including any Agent Member and any Person that holds a beneficial interest in a Global Note through an Agent Member) to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under the Indenture or the Notes, and nothing herein will impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of any security.

     (iv) If (x) the Depositary (i) notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for a Global Note and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Issuer within 90 days of the notice or (ii) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, (y) the Issuer, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Certificated Notes or (z) a Default or an Event of Default with respect to the Notes has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee will promptly exchange each beneficial interest in the Global Note for one or more Certificated Notes in authorized denominations having an equal aggregate principal amount registered in the name of the owner of such beneficial interest, as identified to the Trustee by the Depositary, and thereupon the Global Note will be deemed canceled. If such Note does not bear the Restricted Legend, then the Certificated Notes issued in exchange therefor will not bear the Restricted Legend. If such Note bears the Restricted Legend, then the Certificated Notes issued in exchange therefor will bear the Restricted Legend; provided , that any Holder of any such Certificated Note issued in

exchange for a beneficial interest in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note will have the right upon presentation to the Trustee of a duly completed Certificate of Beneficial Ownership after the Restricted Period to exchange such Certificated Note for a Certificated Note of like tenor and amount that does not bear the Restricted Legend, registered in the name of such Holder.

     (c) Each Certificated Note will be registered in the name of the holder thereof or its nominee.

     (d) A Holder may transfer a Note (or a beneficial interest therein) to another Person or exchange a Note (or a beneficial interest therein) for another Note or Notes of any authorized denomination by presenting to the Trustee a written request therefor stating the name of the proposed transferee or requesting such an exchange, accompanied by any certification, opinion or other document required by Section 2.10. The Trustee will promptly register any transfer or exchange that meets the requirements of this Section and Section 2.10 noting the same in the register maintained by the Trustee for the purpose; provided , that

     (i) no transfer or exchange will be effective until it is registered in such register, and

     (ii) the Trustee will not be required (x) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Note for a period of 15 days before a selection of Notes to be redeemed or purchased pursuant to an Offer to Purchase, (y) to register the transfer of or exchange any Note so selected for redemption or purchase in whole or in part, except, in the case of a partial redemption or purchase, that portion of any Note not being redeemed or purchased, or (z) if a redemption or a purchase pursuant to an Offer to Purchase is to occur after a Record Date but on or before the corresponding Interest Payment Date, to register the transfer of or exchange any Note on or after the Record Date and before the date of redemption or purchase. Prior to the registration of any transfer, the Issuer, the Trustee and their agents will treat the Person in whose name the Note is registered as the owner and Holder thereof for all purposes (whether or not the Note is overdue), and will not be affected by notice to the contrary.

     From time to time the Issuer will execute and the Trustee will authenticate additional Notes as necessary in order to permit the registration of a transfer or exchange in accordance with this Section.

     No service charge will be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of any Note, but the Issuer or the Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in

connection therewith (other than a transfer tax or other similar governmental charge payable upon exchange pursuant to subsection (b)(iv)).

     (e) (i) Global Note to Global Note . If a beneficial interest in a Global Note is transferred or exchanged for a beneficial interest in another Global Note, the Trustee will (x) record a decrease in the principal amount of the Global Note being transferred or exchanged equal to the principal amount of such transfer or exchange and (y) record a like increase in the principal amount of the other Global Note. Any beneficial interest in one Global Note that is transferred to a Person who takes delivery in the form of an interest in another Global Note, or exchanged for an interest in another Global Note, will, upon transfer or exchange, cease to be an interest in such Global Note and become an interest in the other Global Note and, accordingly, will thereafter be subject to all transfer and exchange restrictions, if any, and other procedures applicable to beneficial interests in such other Global Note for as long as it remains such an interest.

     (ii) Global Note to Certificated Note . If a beneficial interest in a Global Note is transferred or exchanged for a Certificated Note, the Trustee will (x) record a decrease in the principal amount of such Global Note equal to the principal amount of such transfer or exchange and (y) deliver one or more new Certificated Notes in authorized denominations having an equal aggregate principal amount to the transferee (in the case of a transfer) or the owner of such beneficial interest (in the case of an exchange), registered in the name of such transferee or owner, as applicable.

     (iii) Certificated Note to Global Note . If a Certificated Note is transferred or exchanged for a beneficial interest in a Global Note, the Trustee will (x) cancel such Certificated Note, (y) record an increase in the principal amount of such Global Note equal to the principal amount of such transfer or exchange and (z) in the event that such transfer or exchange involves less than the entire principal amount of the canceled Certificated Note, deliver to the Holder thereof one or more new Certificated Notes in authorized denominations having an aggregate principal amount equal to the untransferred or unexchanged portion of the canceled Certificated Note, registered in the name of the Holder thereof.

     (iv) Certificated Note to Certificated Note . If a Certificated Note is transferred or exchanged for another Certificated Note, the Trustee will (x) cancel the Certificated Note being transferred or exchanged, (y) deliver one or more new Certificated Notes in authorized denominations having an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such transfer or exchange to the transferee (in the case of a transfer) or the

Holder of the canceled Certificated Note (in the case of an exchange), registered in the name of such transferee or Holder, as applicable, and (z) if such transfer or exchange involves less than the entire principal amount of the canceled Certificated Note, deliver to the Holder thereof one or more Certificated Notes in authorized denominations having an aggregate principal amount equal to the untransferred or unexchanged portion of the canceled Certificated Note, registered in the name of the Holder thereof.

     Section 2.10. Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange. (a) The transfer or exchange of any Note (or a beneficial interest therein) may only be made in accordance with this Section and Section 2.09 and, in the case of a Global Note (or a beneficial interest therein), the applicable rules and procedures of the Depositary. The Trustee shall refuse to register any requested transfer or exchange that does not comply with the preceding sentence.

     (b) Subject to paragraph (c) of this Section, the transfer or exchange of any Note (or a beneficial interest therein) of the type set forth in column A below for a Note (or a beneficial interest therein) of the type set forth opposite in column B below may only be made in compliance with the certification requirements (if any) described in the clause of this paragraph set forth opposite in column C below.

     (i) No certification is required.

     (ii) The Person requesting the transfer or exchange must deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee a duly completed Regulation S Certificate; provided , that if the requested transfer or exchange is made by the Holder of a Certificated Note that does not bear the Restricted Legend, then no certification is required.

     (iii) The Person requesting the transfer or exchange must deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee (x) a duly completed Rule 144A Certificate, (y) a duly completed Regulation S Certificate or (z) a duly completed Institutional Accredited Investor Certificate, and/or an

opinion of counsel and such other certifications and evidence as the Issuer or the Trustee may reasonably require in order to determine that the proposed transfer or exchange is being made in compliance with the Securities Act and any applicable securities laws of any state of the United States; provided , that if the requested transfer or exchange is made by the Holder of a Certificated Note that does not bear the Restricted Legend, then no certification is required. In the event that a Rule 144A Global Note or a Certificated Note that does not bear the Restricted Legend is surrendered for transfer or exchange, upon transfer or exchange the Trustee will deliver a Certificated Note that does not bear the Restricted Legend.

     (iv) The Person requesting the transfer or exchange must deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee a duly completed Rule 144A Certificate and must comply with all applicable securities laws of any state of the United States or any other jurisdiction.

     (v) If the requested transfer involves a beneficial interest in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note, the Person requesting the registration of transfer must deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee (x) a duly completed Rule 144A Certificate or (y) a duly completed Institutional Accredited Investor Certificate and/or an opinion of counsel and such other certifications and evidence as the Issuer or the Trustee may reasonably require in order to determine that the proposed transfer is being made in compliance with the Securities Act and any applicable securities laws of any state of the United States. If the requested transfer or exchange involves a beneficial interest in a Permanent Regulation S Global Note, no certification is required and the Trustee will deliver a Certificated Note that does not bear the Restricted Legend. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no such exchange is permitted if the requested exchange involves a beneficial interest in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note.

     (c) No certification is required in connection with any transfer or exchange of any Note (or a beneficial interest therein)

     (i) after such Note is eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or a successor provision) without being subject to any conditions as provided in such Rule; provided , that the Issuer has provided the Trustee with a certificate to that effect, and the Issuer or the Trustee may require from any Person requesting a transfer or exchange in reliance upon this clause (i) an opinion of counsel and any other reasonable certifications and evidence in order to support such certificate; or

     (ii) (A) sold pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, filed pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement or otherwise or (B) which is validly tendered for exchange into an Exchange Note pursuant to an Exchange Offer.

     Any Certificated Note delivered in reliance upon this paragraph will not bear the Restricted Legend.

     (d) The Trustee will retain copies of all certificates, opinions and other documents received in connection with the registration of transfer or exchange of a Note (or a beneficial interest therein), and the Issuer will have the right to inspect and make copies thereof at any reasonable time upon written notice to the Trustee.

     Section 2.11. Regulation S Temporary Global Notes. (a) Each Initial Note and Initial Additional Note originally sold (or issued in an exchange transaction) in reliance upon Regulation S will be evidenced by one or more Regulation S Global Notes that bear the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend.

     (b) An owner of a beneficial interest in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note (or a Person acting on behalf of such an owner) may provide to the Trustee (and the Trustee will accept) a duly completed Certificate of Beneficial Ownership at any time after the Restricted Period (it being understood that the Trustee will not accept any such certificate during the Restricted Period). Promptly after acceptance of a Certificate of Beneficial Ownership with respect to such a beneficial interest, the Trustee will cause such beneficial interest to be exchanged for an equivalent beneficial interest in a Permanent Regulation S Global Note, and will (x) permanently reduce the principal amount of such Regulation S Temporary Global Note by the amount of such beneficial interest and (y) increase the principal amount of such Permanent Regulation S Global Note by the amount of such beneficial interest.

     (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, beneficial interests in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note may be held through the Depositary only through Euroclear or Clearstream and their respective direct and indirect participants.

     (d) Notwithstanding paragraph (b), if after the Restricted Period any Initial Purchaser owns a beneficial interest in a Regulation S Temporary Global Note, such Initial Purchaser may, upon written request to the Trustee accompanied by a certification as to its status as an Initial Purchaser, exchange such beneficial interest for an equivalent beneficial interest in a Permanent Regulation S Global Note, and the Trustee will comply with such request and will (x) permanently reduce the principal amount of such Regulation S Temporary

Global Note by the amount of such beneficial interest and (y) increase the principal amount of such Permanent Regulation S Global Note by the amount of such beneficial interest.

ARTICLE 3
Redemption; Offer to Purchase

     Section 3.01. Optional Redemption. At any time and from time to time on or after May 1, 2011, the Issuer may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the percentage of principal amount set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest thereon, if any, to the applicable redemption date.

     Section 3.02 . Redemption with Proceeds of Equity Offering. At any time and from time to time prior to May 1, 2011, the Issuer may redeem Notes with the net cash proceeds received by the Issuer from any Equity Offering at a redemption price equal to 118.0% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, in an aggregate principal amount for all such redemptions not to exceed 35% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes, provided that:

     (i) in each case the redemption takes place not later than 60 days after the closing of the related Equity Offering, and

     (ii) not less than 65% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes remains outstanding immediately thereafter.

     Section 3.03 . Sinking Fund; Mandatory Redemption. There is no sinking fund for, or mandatory redemption of, the Notes.

     Section 3.04 . Method and Effect of Redemption. (a) If the Issuer elects to redeem Notes, it must notify the Trustee of the redemption date and the principal amount of Notes to be redeemed by delivering an Officers’ Certificate at least 45 days before the redemption date (unless a shorter period is satisfactory to the Trustee). If fewer than all of the Notes are being redeemed, the Officers’ Certificate must also specify a record date not less than 15 days after the date of the notice of redemption is given to the Trustee, and the Trustee will select the Notes to be redeemed pro rata , or as nearly a pro rata basis as is practicable (subject to the procedures of DTC), unless such method is otherwise prohibited, in which case, by lot or by any other method the Trustee in its sole discretion deems

fair and appropriate, in denominations of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof (and in any multiple of $1.00 principal amount in excess of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 principal amount, if the Issuer has elected to issue Notes in such denominations pursuant to Section 2.02). The Trustee will notify the Issuer promptly of the Notes or portions of Notes to be called for redemption. Notice of redemption must be sent by the Issuer or, at the Issuer’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Issuer to Holders whose Notes are to be redeemed at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the redemption date. Notices of redemption may not be conditional.

     (b) The notice of redemption will identify the Notes to be redeemed and will include or state the following:

     (i) the redemption date;

     (ii) the redemption price, including the portion thereof representing any accrued interest or Additional Interest, if any;

     (iii) the place or places where Notes are to be surrendered for redemption (Notes called for redemption must be so surrendered in order to collect the redemption price);

     (iv) that on the redemption date, the redemption price will become due and payable on Notes called for redemption, and interest on Notes called for redemption will cease to accrue on and after the redemption date;

     (v) that if any Note is redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Note, new Notes equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion will be issued; and

     (vi) if any Note contains a CUSIP or ISIN number, no representation is being made as to the correctness of the CUSIP or ISIN number either as printed on the Notes or as contained in the notice of redemption and that the Holder should rely only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes.

     (c) Once notice of redemption is sent to the Holders, Notes called for redemption become due and payable at the redemption price on the redemption date, and upon surrender of the Notes called for redemption, the Issuer shall redeem such Notes at the redemption price. Commencing on the redemption date, Notes redeemed will cease to accrue interest. Upon surrender of any Note redeemed in part, the Holder will receive a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the surrendered Note.

     Section 3.05 . Offer to Purchase. (a) An “ Offer to Purchase ” means an offer by the Issuer to purchase Notes as required by the Indenture. An Offer to Purchase must be made by written offer (the “ offer ”) sent to the Holders. The Issuer will notify the Trustee at least 15 days (or such shorter period as is acceptable to the Trustee) prior to sending the offer to Holders of its obligation to make an Offer to Purchase, and the offer will be sent by the Issuer or, at the Issuer’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Issuer.

     (b) The offer must include or state the following as to the terms of the Offer to Purchase:

     (i) the provision of the Indenture pursuant to which the Offer to Purchase is being made;

     (ii) the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes offered to be purchased by the Issuer pursuant to the Offer to Purchase (including, if less than 100%, the manner by which such amount has been determined pursuant to the Indenture) (the “ purchase amount ”);

     (iii) the purchase price, including the portion thereof representing accrued interest and Additional Interest, if any;

     (iv) an expiration date (the “ expiration date ”) not less than 30 days or more than 60 days after the date of the offer, and a settlement date for purchase (the “ purchase date ”) not more than five Business Days after the expiration date;

     (v) information concerning the business of the Company, the Issuer and its Subsidiaries which the Issuer in good faith believes will enable the Holders to make an informed decision with respect to the Offer to Purchase, at a minimum to include:

     (A) the most recent annual and quarterly financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the Company,

     (B) a description of material developments in the Company’s business subsequent to the date of the latest of the financial statements (including a description of the events requiring the Issuer to make the Offer to Purchase), and

     (C) if applicable, appropriate pro forma financial information concerning the Offer to Purchase and the events requiring the Issuer to make the Offer to Purchase;

     (vi) a Holder may tender all or any portion of its Notes, subject to the requirement that any portion of a Note tendered must be in denominations of $2,000 principal amount and any multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof (and in any multiple of $1.00 principal amount in excess of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 principal amount, if the Issuer has elected to issue Notes in such denominations pursuant to Section 2.02);

     (vii) the place or places where Notes are to be surrendered for tender pursuant to the Offer to Purchase;

     (viii) each Holder electing to tender a Note pursuant to the offer will be required to surrender such Note at the place or places specified in the offer prior to the close of business on the expiration date (such Note being, if the Issuer or the Trustee so requires, duly endorsed or accompanied by a duly executed written instrument of transfer);

     (ix) interest on any Note not tendered, or tendered but not purchased by the Issuer pursuant to the Offer to Purchase, will continue to accrue;

     (x) on the purchase date the purchase price will become due and payable on each Note accepted for purchase, and interest on Notes purchased will cease to accrue on and after the purchase date;

     (xi) Holders are entitled to withdraw Notes tendered by giving notice, which must be received by the Issuer or the Trustee not later than the close of business on the expiration date, setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the tendered Notes, the certificate number of the tendered Notes and a statement that the Holder is withdrawing all or a portion of the tender;

     (xii) (A) if Notes in an aggregate principal amount less than or equal to the purchase amount are duly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer to Purchase, the Issuer will purchase all such Notes, and (B) if the Offer to Purchase is for less than all of the outstanding Notes and Notes in an aggregate principal amount in excess of the purchase amount are tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the offer, the Issuer will purchase Notes having an aggregate principal amount equal to the purchase amount on a pro rata basis, with adjustments so that only Notes in denominations of $2,000 principal amount and any multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof (and in any multiple of $1.00 principal amount in excess of $2,000 principal amount or any multiple of $1,000 principal amount, if the Issuer has elected to issue Notes in such denominations pursuant to Section 2.02);

     (xiii) if any Note is purchased in part, new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Note will be issued; and

     (xiv) if any Note contains a CUSIP or ISIN number, no representation is being made as to the correctness of the CUSIP or ISIN number either as printed on the Notes or as contained in the offer and that the Holder should rely only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes.

     (c) Prior to the purchase date, the Issuer will accept tendered Notes for purchase as required by the Offer to Purchase and deliver to the Trustee all Notes so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate specifying which Notes have been accepted for purchase. On the purchase date, the purchase price will become due and payable on each Note accepted for purchase, and interest on Notes purchased will cease to accrue on and after the purchase date. The Trustee will promptly return to Holders any Notes not accepted for purchase and send to Holders new Notes equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of any Notes accepted for purchase in part.

     (d) The Issuer will comply with Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and all other applicable laws in making any Offer to Purchase, and the above procedures will be deemed modified as necessary to permit such compliance.

ARTICLE 4
Covenants

     Section 4.01. Payment of Notes. (a)  The Issuer agrees to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest and Additional Interest, if any, on the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes and the Indenture. The Issuer shall pay Additional Interest, if any, in the amounts set forth in the applicable Registration Rights Agreement. Not later than 9:00 A.M. (New York City time) on the due date of any principal of, premium, if any, or interest and Additional Interest, if any, on, any Notes, or any redemption or purchase price of the Notes, the Issuer will deposit with the Trustee (or Paying Agent) money in immediately available funds sufficient to pay such amounts; provided , that if the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer is acting as Paying Agent, it will, on or before each due date, segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders a sum of money sufficient to pay such amounts until paid to such Holders or otherwise disposed of as provided in the Indenture. In each case, the Issuer will promptly notify the Trustee of its compliance with this paragraph.

     (b) An installment of principal, premium, if any, or interest and Additional Interest, if any, will be considered paid on the date due if the Trustee (or Paying Agent, other than the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer) holds on that

date money designated for and sufficient to pay the installment. If the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer acts as Paying Agent, an installment of principal, premium, if any, or interest and Additional Interest, if any, will be considered paid on the due date only if paid to the Holders.

     (c) The Issuer agrees to pay interest on overdue principal, and, to the extent lawful, overdue installments of interest and Additional Interest, if any, at the rate per annum specified in the Notes.

     (d) Payments in respect of the Notes represented by the Global Notes are to be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Holders of the Global Notes. With respect to Certificated Notes, the Issuer will make all payments by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Holders thereof or, if no such account is specified, by mailing a check to each Holder’s registered address.

     Section 4.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company and the Issuer will maintain an office or agency where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment and where notices and demands to or upon the Company and the Issuer in respect of the Notes and the Indenture may be served. The Issuer and the Company hereby initially designate the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as such office of the Issuer and the Company. The Issuer will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Issuer and the Company fail to maintain any such required office or agency or fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served to the Trustee.

     The Issuer may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be surrendered or presented for any of such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations. The Issuer will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

     Section 4.03. Existence. The Company and the Issuer will each do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect their existence and the existence of each of the Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with their respective organizational documents, and the material rights, licenses and franchises of the Company, the Issuer and each Restricted Subsidiary; provided , that the Company and the Issuer are not required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the existence of any Restricted Subsidiary, if the maintenance or preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a

whole; and provided , further , that this Section not prohibit any transaction otherwise permitted by Section 4.10 or Section 4.14.

     Section 4.04. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. The Company will pay or discharge, and cause each of its Subsidiaries to pay or discharge before the same become delinquent (a) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or its income or profits or property, and (b) all material lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies that, if unpaid, might by law become a Lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary, other than any such tax, assessment, charge or claim the amount, applicability or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established.

     Section 4.05. Maintenance of Properties and Insurance. (a) The Company will cause all properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the business of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order as in the judgment of the Company may be necessary so that the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may be properly and advantageously conducted at all times; provided , that nothing in this Section prevents the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary from discontinuing the use, operation or maintenance of any of such properties or disposing of any of them, if such discontinuance or disposal is, in the judgment of the Company, desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole.

     (b) The Company will provide or cause to be provided, for itself and its Restricted Subsidiaries, insurance (including appropriate self-insurance) against loss or damage of the kinds customarily insured against by corporations similarly situated and owning like properties, including, but not limited to, products liability insurance and public liability insurance, with reputable insurers, in such amounts, with such deductibles and by such methods as are customary for corporations similarly situated in the industry in which the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are then conducting business.

     Section 4.06. Limitations on Indebtedness . (a) The Company and the Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any Restricted Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, to create, incur, assume, become liable for or guarantee the payment of (collectively, an “ incurrence ”) any Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness) unless, after giving effect thereto and the application of the proceeds therefrom, the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio on the date thereof would be at least 2.0 to 1.0.

     (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of the Indenture will not prevent the incurrence of:

     (i) Permitted Indebtedness,

     (ii) Refinancing Indebtedness,

     (iii) Non-Recourse Indebtedness,

     (iv) any Guarantee of Indebtedness represented by the Notes, and

     (v) any guarantee of Indebtedness incurred under Credit Facilities in compliance with the Indenture.

     (c) For purposes of determining compliance with this covenant, in the event that an item of Indebtedness may be incurred through the first paragraph of this covenant or by meeting the criteria of one or more of the types of Indebtedness described in the second paragraph of this covenant (or the definitions of the terms used therein), the Company, in its sole discretion,

     (i) may classify such item of Indebtedness under and comply with either of such paragraphs (or any of such definitions), as applicable,

     (ii) may classify and divide such item of Indebtedness into more than one of such paragraphs (or definitions), as applicable, and

     (iii) may elect to comply with such paragraphs (or definitions), as applicable, in any order.

     (d) The Company and the Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any Guarantor to, directly or indirectly, in any event incur any Indebtedness that purports to be by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such Indebtedness) subordinated to any other Indebtedness of the Company or of such Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such Indebtedness is also by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such Indebtedness) made expressly subordinated to the Notes or the Guarantee of such Guarantor, as the case may be, to the same extent and in the same manner as such Indebtedness is subordinated to such other Indebtedness of the Company or such Guarantor, as the case may be.

     Section 4.07. Limitations on Restricted Payments. (a) The Company and the Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, make any Restricted Payment unless:

     (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of or immediately after giving effect to such Restricted Payment;

     (ii) immediately after giving effect to such Restricted Payment, the Company could incur at least $1.00 of Indebtedness pursuant to Section 4.06(a) hereof; and

     (iii) immediately after giving effect to such Restricted Payment, the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments (including the Fair Market Value of any non-cash Restricted Payment) declared or made on or after the Issue Date does not exceed the sum of:

     (A) 50% of the Consolidated Net Income of the Company on a cumulative basis during the period (taken as one accounting period) from and including November 1, 2008 and ending on the last day of the Company’s fiscal quarter immediately preceding the date of such Restricted Payment (or in the event such Consolidated Net Income shall be a deficit, minus 100% of such deficit), plus

     (B) 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds of and the Fair Market Value of Property received by the Company from (1) any capital contribution to the Company after the Issue Date or any issue or sale after the Issue Date of Qualified Stock (other than (x) to any Subsidiary of the Company or (y) any Excluded Contribution) and (2) the issue or sale after the Issue Date of any Indebtedness or other securities of the Company convertible into or exercisable for Qualified Stock of the Company that have been so converted or exercised, as the case may be, plus

     (C) in the case of the disposition or repayment of any Investment constituting a Restricted Payment (or if the Investment was made prior to the Issue Date, that would have constituted a Restricted Payment if made after the Issue Date, if such disposition or repayment results in cash received by the Company, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary), an amount (to the extent not included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income referred to in (A)) equal to the lesser of (x) the return of capital with respect to such Investment (including by dividend, distribution or sale of Capital Stock) and (y) the amount of such Investment that was treated (or would have been treated when made) as a Restricted Payment, in either case, less the cost of the disposition or repayment of such Investment (to the extent not included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income referred to in (A)), plus

     (D) with respect to any Unrestricted Subsidiary that is redesignated as a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date, in

accordance with the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary” (so long as the designation of such Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary was treated as a Restricted Payment made after the Issue Date, and only to the extent not included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income referred to in (A)), an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the proportionate interest of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in an amount equal to the excess of (I) the total assets of such Subsidiary, valued on an aggregate basis at the lesser of book value and Fair Market Value thereof, over (II) the total liabilities of such Subsidiary, determined in accordance with GAAP, and (y) the Designation Amount at the time of such Subsidiary’s designation as an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

     (b) clauses (ii) and (iii) of Section 4.07(a) will not prohibit:

     (i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days of its declaration if such dividend could have been made on the date of its declaration without violation of the provisions of the Indenture;

     (ii) the purchase, repayment, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of any Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or shares of Capital Stock of the Company in exchange for, or out of the net proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company or constituting an Excluded Contribution) of, other shares of Qualified Stock;

     (iii) (A) the purchase, repayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in exchange for, or out of proceeds of, Refinancing Indebtedness;

     (B) the purchase, repayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or the making of Restricted Investments in joint ventures:

     (1) in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million (after giving effect to all subsequent reductions in the amount of any Restricted Investment in a joint venture made pursuant to this clause (B)(1) as a result of the repayment or disposition thereof for cash, not to exceed the amount of such Restricted Investment previously made pursuant to this clause (B)(1)); or

     (2) in an aggregate amount made under this clause (B)(2) not to exceed Excluded Contributions (after giving effect to all subsequent reductions in the amount of any Restricted Investment in a joint venture made pursuant to this clause (B)(2) as a result of the repayment or disposition thereof for cash, not to exceed the amount of such Restricted Investment previously made pursuant to this clause (B)(2)); and

     (C) the purchase, repayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or the making of Restricted Investments in joint ventures (after giving effect to all subsequent reductions in the amount of any Restricted Investment in a joint venture made pursuant to this clause (C) as a result of the repayment or disposition thereof for cash, not to exceed the amount of such Restricted Investment previously made pursuant to this clause (C)), in an aggregate amount not to exceed $400.0 million less the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments previously made under clause (iii)(B)(1) of this Section 4.07(b); provided that, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any such Restricted Payment, the aggregate fair market value of the Collateral (as determined in good faith by the Company’s chief financial officer) is equal to at least 200% of the aggregate principal amount of Collateralized Debt as of such date (or, in the case of a Restricted Investment in a joint venture, on the date the Company determines to make such Investment, so long as the Investment is completed within 120 days of such determination date), such fair market value to be determined by the most recent appraisal of the Collateral required to be provided under the Revolving Credit Agreement;

     (iv) the payment of dividends on Preferred Stock and Disqualified Stock up to an aggregate amount of $10 million in any fiscal year; provided that immediately after giving effect to any declaration of such dividend, the Company could incur at least $1.00 of Indebtedness pursuant to Section 4.06(a); and

     (v) the purchase, redemption or other acquisition, cancellation or retirement for value of Capital Stock, or options, warrants, equity appreciation rights or other rights to purchase or acquire Capital Stock, of the Company or any Subsidiary held by officers or employees or former officers or employees of the Company or any Subsidiary (or their estates or beneficiaries under their estates) not to exceed $10 million in the aggregate since the Issue Date;

provided , however , that each Restricted Payment described in clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 4.07(b) shall be taken into account for purposes of computing the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 4.07(a).

     (c) For purposes of determining the aggregate and permitted amounts of Restricted Payments made, the amount of any guarantee of any Investment in any Person that was initially treated as a Restricted Payment and which was subsequently terminated or expired, net of any amounts paid by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of such guarantee, shall be deducted.

     (d) In determining the “Fair Market Value of Property” for purposes of clause (iii) of Section 4.07(a), Property other than cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities shall be deemed to be equal in value to the “equity value” of the Capital Stock or other securities issued in exchange therefor. The equity value of such Capital Stock or other securities shall be equal to (i) the number of shares of Common Equity issued in the transaction (or issuable upon conversion or exercise of the Capital Stock or other securities issued in the transaction) multiplied by the closing sale price of the Common Equity on its principal market on the date of the transaction (less, in the case of Capital Stock or other securities which require the payment of consideration at the time of conversion or exercise, the aggregate consideration payable thereupon) or (ii) if the Common Equity is not then traded on the New York Stock Exchange, American Stock Exchange or Nasdaq Stock Market, or if the Capital Stock or other securities issued in the transaction do not consist of Common Equity (or Capital Stock or other securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Equity), the value (if more than $10 million) of such Capital Stock or other securities as determined by a nationally recognized investment banking firm retained by the Board of Directors of the Company.

     Section 4.08. Limitations on Liens. The Company and the Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens, other than Permitted Liens, on any of its Property, or on any shares of Capital Stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary.

     Section 4.09 . Limitations on Restrictions Affecting Restricted Subsidiaries. The Company and the Issuer will not, and will not cause or permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, assume or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction (other than encumbrances or restrictions imposed by law or by judicial or regulatory action or by provisions of agreements that restrict the assignability thereof) on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:

     (a) pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock or any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits, owned by the

Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary, or pay interest on or principal of any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary,

     (b) make loans or advances to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary, or

     (c) transfer any of its property or assets to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary,

     except for:

     (i) encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of applicable law,

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