INDENTURE
among
SLM STUDENT LOAN TRUST
2008-9,
as the Issuer,
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
formerly known as The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A.,
not in its individual capacity but
solely as the Eligible Lender Trustee
and
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST
COMPANY AMERICAS,
not in its individual capacity but
solely as the Indenture Trustee
Dated as of
August 28, 2008
1
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I
Definitions and
Usage
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Definitions and Usage
Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act
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ARTICLE II
The Notes
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SECTION 2.1
SECTION 2.2
SECTION 2.3
SECTION 2.4
SECTION 2.5
SECTION 2.6
SECTION 2.7
SECTION 2.8
SECTION 2.9
SECTION 2.10
SECTION 2.11
SECTION 2.12
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Form
Execution, Authentication and Delivery
Temporary Notes
Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes
Persons Deemed Owner
Payment of Principal and Interest; Note Interest Shortfall
Cancellation
Release of Collateral
Book-Entry Notes
Notices to Clearing Agency
Definitive Notes
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ARTICLE III
Covenants,
Representations and Warranties
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SECTION 3.1
SECTION 3.1A
SECTION 3.2
SECTION 3.3
SECTION 3.4
SECTION 3.5
SECTION 3.6
SECTION 3.7
SECTION 3.8
SECTION 3.9
SECTION 3.10
SECTION 3.11
SECTION 3.12
SECTION 3.13
SECTION 3.14
SECTION 3.15
SECTION 3.16
SECTION 3.17
SECTION 3.18
SECTION 3.19
SECTION 3.20
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Payments to Noteholders
Collateral Account
Maintenance of Office or Agency
Money for Payments to be Held in Trust
Existence
Protection of Indenture Trust Estate
Opinions as to Indenture Trust Estate
Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Trust Student Loans.
Negative Covenants
Annual Statement as to Compliance
Issuer May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms.
Successor or Transferee
No Other Business
No Borrowing
Obligations of Servicer and Administrator
Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities
Capital Expenditures
Restricted Payments
Notice of Events of Default
Further Instruments and Acts
Representations and Warranties
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ARTICLE IV
Satisfaction and
Discharge
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SECTION 4.1
SECTION 4.2
SECTION 4.3
SECTION 4.4
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Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
Application of Trust Money
Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent
Auction of Trust Student Loans
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ARTICLE V
Remedies
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SECTION 5.1
SECTION 5.2
SECTION 5.3
SECTION 5.4
SECTION 5.5
SECTION 5.6
SECTION 5.7
SECTION 5.8
SECTION 5.9
SECTION 5.10
SECTION 5.11
SECTION 5.12
SECTION 5.13
SECTION 5.14
SECTION 5.15
SECTION 5.16
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Events of Default
Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture
Trustee
Remedies; Priorities
Optional Preservation of the Trust Student Loans
Limitation of Suits
Unconditional Rights of Noteholders to Receive Principal and
Interest
Restoration of Rights and Remedies
Rights and Remedies Cumulative
Delay or Omission Not a Waiver
Control by Noteholders
Waiver of Past Defaults
Undertaking for Costs
Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws
Action on Notes
Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations.
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ARTICLE VI
The Indenture
Trustee
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SECTION 6.1
SECTION 6.2
SECTION 6.3
SECTION 6.4
SECTION 6.5
SECTION 6.6
SECTION 6.7
SECTION 6.8
SECTION 6.9
SECTION 6.10
SECTION 6.11
SECTION 6.12
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Duties of Indenture Trustee
Rights of Indenture Trustee
Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee
Indenture Trustee’s Disclaimer
Notice of Defaults
Reports by Indenture Trustee to Noteholders
Compensation and Indemnity
Replacement of Indenture Trustee
Successor Indenture Trustee by Merger
Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee.
Eligibility; Disqualification
Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Issuer
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ARTICLE VII
Noteholders’
Lists and Reports
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SECTION 7.1
SECTION 7.2
SECTION 7.3
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Issuer to Furnish Indenture Trustee Names and
Addresses of Noteholders
Preservation of Information; Communications to Noteholders
Reports by Issuer.
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ARTICLE VIII
Accounts, Disbursements
and Releases
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SECTION 8.1
SECTION 8.2
SECTION 8.3
SECTION 8.4
SECTION 8.5
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Collection of Money
Trust Accounts
General Provisions Regarding Accounts
Release of Indenture Trust Estate
Opinion of Counsel
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ARTICLE IX
Supplemental
Indentures
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SECTION 9.1
SECTION 9.2
SECTION 9.3
SECTION 9.4
SECTION 9.5
SECTION 9.6
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Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of
Noteholders.
Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Noteholders
Execution of Supplemental Indentures
Effect of Supplemental Indenture
Conformity with Trust Indenture Act
Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures
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ARTICLE X
Redemption of Notes
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SECTION 10.1
SECTION 10.2
SECTION 10.3
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Redemption
Form of Redemption Notice
Notes Payable on Redemption Date
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ARTICLE XI
Miscellaneous
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SECTION 11.1 Compliance
Certificates and Opinions, etc
SECTION 11.2 Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture
Trustee
SECTION 11.3 Acts of Noteholders
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SECTION 11.4 Notices, etc., to
Indenture Trustee, Issuer and Rating Agencies
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SECTION 11.5 Notices to
Noteholders; Waiver
SECTION 11.6 Alternate Payment and Notice Provisions
SECTION 11.7 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
SECTION 11.8 Effect of Headings and Table of
Contents
SECTION 11.9 Successors and Assigns
SECTION 11.10
SECTION 11.11
SECTION 11.12
SECTION 11.13
SECTION 11.14
SECTION 11.15
SECTION 11.16
SECTION 11.17
SECTION 11.18
SECTION 11.19
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Separability
Benefits of Indenture
Legal Holidays
Governing Law
Counterparts
Recording of Indenture
Trust Obligations
No Petition
Inspection
[Reserved].
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ARTICLE XII
Compliance with
Regulation AB
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SECTION 12.1 Intent of the
Parties; Reasonableness
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2
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APPENDICES, SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS
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Definitions and Usage
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SCHEDULE A
SCHEDULE B
EXHIBIT A
EXHIBIT B
EXHIBIT C
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Schedule of Trust Student Loans
Location of Trust Student Loan Files
Forms of Notes
Form of Note Depository Agreement
Servicing Criteria to be Addressed in Assessment of Compliance
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3
INDENTURE, dated as of August 28, 2008, among SLM STUDENT
LOAN TRUST 2008-9, a Delaware statutory trust (the
“Issuer”), THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY,
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, formerly known as The Bank of New York Trust
Company, N.A., a national banking association, not in its
individual capacity but solely as eligible lender trustee on behalf
of the Issuer (in such capacity, the “Eligible Lender
Trustee”), and DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, a New
York banking corporation, not in its individual capacity but solely
as indenture trustee (in such capacity, the “Indenture
Trustee”).
Each party agrees as follows for the
benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of
the holders of the Issuer’s Student Loan-Backed Notes (the
“Notes”):
GRANTING CLAUSE
The Issuer and, with respect to the
Trust Student Loans, the Eligible Lender Trustee hereby Grant to
the Indenture Trustee, as trustee for the benefit of the
Noteholders, effective as of the Closing Date all of their right,
title and interest in and to the following:
(a) the Trust Student
Loans, and all obligations of the Obligors thereunder including all
moneys accrued and paid thereunder on or after the applicable
Cutoff Date and all guaranties and other rights relating to the
Trust Student Loans;
(b) the Servicing
Agreement, including the right of the Issuer to cause the Servicer
to purchase Trust Student Loans from the Issuer under circumstances
described therein;
(c) the related Sale
Agreement, including the right of the Issuer to cause the Depositor
to repurchase Trust Student Loans from the Issuer under the
circumstances described therein and including the rights of the
Depositor under the Purchase Agreements;
(d) the SLM ECFC Purchase
Agreement, the Bluemont Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Center
Funding Purchase Agreement and the Town Hall Funding Purchase
Agreement, to the extent that the rights of the Depositor
thereunder have been assigned to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale
Agreement, including the right of the Depositor to cause SLM ECFC,
Bluemont Funding, Town Center Funding or Town Hall Funding, as the
case may be, to repurchase Trust Student Loans from the Depositor
under the circumstances described in the applicable Purchase
Agreement;
(e) the Administration
Agreement and any agreement representing Eligible Repurchase
Obligations between the Trust and an Eligible Repo Counterparty to
be entered into from time to time;
(f) each Guarantee
Agreement, including the right of the Issuer to cause the related
Guarantor to make Guarantee Payments in respect of the Trust
Student Loans;
(g) the Trust Accounts
and all funds on deposit from time to time in the Trust Accounts,
including the Reserve Account Initial Deposit, the Supplemental
Purchase Account Initial Deposit, the Capitalized Interest Account
Initial Deposit, the Borrower Benefit Account Initial Deposit, if
any, the Floor Income Rebate Account and the Collection Account
Initial Deposit, if any, and all investments and proceeds thereof
(including all income thereon);
(h) any interest rate cap
agreement entered into with one or more interest rate cap
counterparties pursuant to Section 2.1 (kk) of the
Administration Agreement; and
(i) all present and
future claims, demands, causes and choses in action in respect of
any or all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all
proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or
all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion,
voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property, all
cash proceeds, accounts, accounts receivable, notes, drafts,
acceptances, chattel paper, checks, general intangibles, deposit
accounts, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to
payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations and
receivables, instruments and other property which at any time
constitute all or part of or are included in the proceeds of any of
the foregoing (collectively, the “Collateral”).
The foregoing Grant is made in trust
to secure the payment of principal of and interest on, and any
other amounts owing in respect of, the Notes, equally and ratably
without prejudice, priority or distinction, to secure compliance
with the provisions of this Indenture.
The Indenture Trustee, as indenture
trustee on behalf of the Noteholders, acknowledges such Grant,
accepts the trusts under this Indenture in accordance with the
provisions of this Indenture and agrees to perform its duties
required in this Indenture to the best of its ability to the end
that the interests of the Noteholders may be adequately and
effectively protected.
ARTICLE I
Definitions and
Usage
SECTION
1.1 Definitions and Usage . Except as otherwise
specified herein or as the context may otherwise require,
capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined
in Appendix A to this Indenture, which also contains rules as
to usage that shall be applicable herein.
SECTION
1.2 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture
Act . Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA,
the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of
this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have
the following meanings:
“Commission” means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
“indenture securities”
means the Notes.
“indenture security
holder” means a Noteholder.
“indenture to be
qualified” means this Indenture.
“indenture trustee” or
“institutional trustee” means the Indenture
Trustee.
“obligor” on the
indenture securities means the Issuer and any other obligor on the
indenture securities.
All other TIA terms used in this
Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to
another statute or defined by Commission rule have the meaning
assigned to them by such definitions.
ARTICLE II
The Notes
SECTION
2.1 Form . The Notes, together with the
Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication, shall be
in substantially the forms set forth in Exhibit A, with such
appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other
variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture and may
have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and
such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may, consistently
herewith, be determined by the officers executing the Notes, as
evidenced by their execution of the Notes. Any portion of the text
of any Note may be set forth on the reverse thereof, with an
appropriate reference thereto on the face of the Note.
The Definitive Notes shall be
typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any
combination of these methods (with or without steel engraved
borders), all as determined by the officers executing such Notes,
as evidenced by their execution of such Notes.
The terms of the Notes set forth in
Exhibit A are part of the terms of this Indenture.
Each class of Notes will be
represented by a book-entry note certificate deposited on the
Closing Date with Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as
custodian for DTC (the “DTC Custodian”), and registered
in the name of Cede & Co. as initial nominee for DTC.
SECTION
2.2 Execution, Authentication and Delivery . The
Notes shall be executed on behalf of the Issuer by any of its
Authorized Officers. The signature of any such Authorized Officer
on the Notes may be manual or facsimile.
Notes bearing the manual or
facsimile signature of individuals who were at any time Authorized
Officers of the Issuer shall bind the Issuer, notwithstanding that
such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices
prior to the authentication and delivery of such Notes or did not
hold such offices at the date of such Notes.
The Indenture Trustee shall upon
Issuer Order authenticate and deliver the Notes in an aggregate
principal amount of $4,086,163,000. The aggregate principal amount
of Notes Outstanding at any time may not exceed such amount except
as provided in Section 2.5.
Each Note shall be dated the date of
its authentication. The Notes shall be issuable as registered notes
in minimum denominations of $100,000 and additional increments
of $1,000.
No Note shall be entitled to any
benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any
purpose, unless there appears on such Note a certificate of
authentication substantially in the form provided for herein
executed by the Indenture Trustee by the manual signature of one of
its authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Note
shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Note
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.
SECTION
2.3 Temporary Notes . Pending the preparation of
Definitive Notes, the Issuer may execute, and upon receipt of an
Issuer Order, the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
temporary Notes which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, of the tenor of the Definitive
Notes in lieu of which they are issued and with such variations not
inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture determined to be
appropriate by an Authorized Officer of the Issuer executing the
temporary Notes, as evidenced by his or her execution of such
temporary Notes.
If temporary Notes are issued, the
Issuer will cause Definitive Notes to be prepared without
unreasonable delay. After the preparation of Definitive Notes, the
temporary Notes shall be exchangeable for Definitive Notes upon
surrender of the temporary Notes at the office or agency of the
Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.2, without
charge to the Noteholder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any
one or more temporary Notes, the Issuer shall execute and the
Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a like principal amount of Definitive Notes of authorized
denominations. Until so exchanged, the temporary Notes shall in all
respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as
Definitive Notes.
SECTION
2.4 Registration; Registration of Transfer and
Exchange . The Issuer shall cause to be kept a register (the
“Note Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable
regulations as it may prescribe, the Issuer shall provide for the
registration of Notes and the registration of transfers of Notes.
The Indenture Trustee shall be “Note Registrar” for the
purpose of registering Notes and transfers of Notes as herein
provided. Upon any resignation of any Note Registrar, the Issuer
shall promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not to make
such an appointment, assume the duties of Note Registrar.
If a Person other than the Indenture
Trustee is appointed by the Issuer as Note Registrar, the Issuer
shall give the Indenture Trustee prompt written notice of the
appointment of such Note Registrar and of the location, and any
change in the location, of the Note Register, and the Indenture
Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Note Register at all
reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof, and the Indenture
Trustee shall have the right to rely upon a certificate executed on
behalf of the Note Registrar by an Executive Officer thereof as to
the names and addresses of the Noteholders and the principal
amounts and number of such Notes.
Upon surrender for registration of
transfer of any Note at the office or agency of the Issuer to be
maintained as provided in Section 3.2, if the requirements of
Section 8-401(a) of the UCC are met, the Issuer shall execute,
and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Noteholder
shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, in the name of the
designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes in any
authorized denominations and a like aggregate principal amount.
At the option of the Noteholder,
Notes may be exchanged for other Notes in any authorized
denominations and a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender
of the Notes to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any
Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute,
and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Noteholder
shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, the Notes which the
Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive.
All Notes issued upon any
registration of transfer or exchange of Notes shall be the valid
obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and entitled
to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Notes surrendered
upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
Every Note presented or surrendered
for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed by,
or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form
satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee duly executed by the
Noteholder thereof or such Noteholder’s attorney duly
authorized in writing, with such signature guaranteed by an
“eligible guarantor institution” meeting the
requirements of the Note Registrar, which requirements include
membership or participation in Securities Transfer Agent’s
Medallion Program (“STAMP”) or such other
“signature guarantee program” as may be determined by
the Note Registrar in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP,
all in accordance with the Exchange Act.
No service charge shall be made to a
Noteholder for any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes,
but the Indenture Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed
in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of
Notes, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.3 or 9.6 not
involving any transfer.
The preceding provisions of this
Section notwithstanding, the Issuer shall not be required to make
and the Note Registrar need not register transfers or exchanges of
Notes selected for redemption or of any Note for a period of
15 days preceding the due date for any payment with respect to
the Note.
Any transfer or assignment of any
Note or any interest in any Note that is not effected pursuant to
the provisions of this Indenture (including, without limitation,
this Section 2.4), such as a transfer or assignment not
reflected on the Note Register, shall be null and void and shall
not be taken into account by, or be binding upon, the Indenture
Trustee or any other party.
SECTION
2.5 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes .
If (i) any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Indenture
Trustee, or the Indenture Trustee receives evidence to its
satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note, and
(ii) there is delivered to the Issuer, the Eligible Lender
Trustee and the Indenture Trustee such security or indemnity as may
be required by each of them to hold the Issuer and the Indenture
Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Issuer, the
Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee that such Note has been
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, and provided that the
requirements of Section 8-405 of the UCC are met, the Issuer
shall execute and upon its request the Indenture Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a replacement Note;
provided , however , that if any such destroyed, lost
or stolen Note, but not a mutilated Note, shall have become or
within 15 days shall be due and payable, or shall have been
called for redemption, instead of issuing a replacement Note, the
Issuer may pay such destroyed, lost or stolen Note when so due or
payable or upon the Redemption Date without surrender thereof. If,
after the delivery of such replacement Note or payment of a
destroyed, lost or stolen Note pursuant to the proviso to the
preceding sentence, a bona fide purchaser of the original Note in
lieu of which such replacement Note was issued presents for payment
such original Note, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee shall be
entitled to recover such replacement Note (or such payment) from
the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person taking such
replacement Note from such Person to whom such replacement Note was
delivered or any assignee of such Person, except a bona fide
purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or
indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost
or expense incurred by the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee in
connection therewith.
Upon the issuance of any replacement
Note under this Section, the Issuer may require the payment by the
Noteholder thereof of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any
other reasonable expenses (including the fees and expenses of the
Indenture Trustee) connected therewith.
Every replacement Note issued
pursuant to this Section in replacement of any mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original
additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be at any time
enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of
this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other
Notes duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section are
exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other
rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes.
SECTION
2.6 Persons Deemed Owner . Prior to due
presentment for registration of transfer of any Note, the Issuer,
the Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture
Trustee may treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered
(as of the day of determination) as the owner of such Note for the
purpose of receiving payments of principal of, interest, if any, on
such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not
such Note be overdue, and neither the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee
nor any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.
SECTION
2.7 Payment of Principal and Interest; Note Interest
Shortfall . (a) The Notes shall accrue interest as
provided in the forms of Notes set forth in Exhibit A and such
interest shall be payable on each applicable Quarterly Distribution
Date as specified therein, subject to Section 3.1. Any
installment of interest or principal, if any, payable on any Note
which is punctually paid or duly provided for by the Issuer on the
Quarterly Distribution Date shall be paid to the Person in whose
name such Note (or one or more Predecessor Notes) is registered on
the applicable Record Date by check mailed first-class, postage
prepaid to such Person’s address as it appears on the Note
Register on such Record Date, except that, unless Definitive Notes
have been issued pursuant to Section 2.12, with respect to
Notes registered on the Record Date in the name of the nominee of
the applicable Clearing Agency, for the Notes, payment shall be
made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account
designated by such nominee and except for the final installment of
principal payable with respect to such Note on a Quarterly
Distribution Date or on the Note Final Maturity Date for such Note
which shall be payable as provided below. The funds represented by
any such checks returned undelivered shall be held in accordance
with Section 3.3.
(b) The principal amount
of each class of Notes shall be payable in installments on each
Quarterly Distribution Date as provided in the forms of Notes set
forth in Exhibit A. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entire
unpaid principal amount of each class of the Notes shall be due and
payable, if not previously paid, on the Note Final Maturity Date
for such class of Notes and on the date on which an Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing if the Indenture
Trustee or the Noteholders of the Notes representing at least a
majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Notes have
declared the Notes to be immediately due and payable in the manner
provided in Section 5.2. All principal payments on the Notes
shall be made pro rata to the specific class of Noteholders
entitled thereto. The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Person in
whose name a Note is registered at the close of business on the
Record Date preceding the Quarterly Distribution Date on which the
Issuer expects that the final installment of principal of and
interest on such Note will be paid. Such notice shall be mailed or
transmitted by facsimile prior to such final Quarterly Distribution
Date and shall specify that such final installment will be payable
only upon presentation and surrender of such Note and shall specify
the place where such Note may be presented and surrendered for
payment of such installment. Notices in connection with redemptions
of Notes shall be mailed to Noteholders as provided in
Section 10.2.
(c) If the Issuer
defaults in a payment of interest at the applicable Note Rate on
the Notes, the Issuer shall pay the resulting Note Interest
Shortfall on the following Quarterly Distribution Date as provided
in the Administration Agreement.
SECTION
2.8 Cancellation . All Notes surrendered for
payment, registration of transfer, exchange or redemption shall, if
surrendered to any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, be
delivered to the Indenture Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled
by the Indenture Trustee. The Issuer may at any time deliver to the
Indenture Trustee for cancellation any Notes previously
authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuer may have
acquired in any manner whatsoever and all Notes so delivered shall
be promptly cancelled by the Indenture Trustee. No Notes shall be
authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Notes cancelled as
provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this
Indenture. All canceled Notes may be held or disposed of by the
Indenture Trustee in accordance with its standard retention or
disposal policy as in effect at the time, unless the Issuer shall
direct by an Issuer Order that they be returned to it and so long
as such Issuer Order is timely and the Notes have not been
previously disposed of by the Indenture Trustee.
SECTION
2.9 Release of Collateral . Subject to
Section 11.1 and the terms of the Basic Documents, the
Indenture Trustee shall release property from the lien of this
Indenture only upon receipt of an Issuer Request accompanied by an
Officers’ Certificate of the Issuer, an Opinion of Counsel
and Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA §§
314(c) and 314(d)(1) or an Opinion of Counsel in lieu of such
Independent Certificates to the effect that the TIA does not
require any such Independent Certificates.
SECTION
2.10 Book-Entry Notes . The Notes, upon original
issuance, will be issued in the form of typewritten Notes
representing the Book-Entry Notes, to be delivered to the
applicable initial Clearing Agency, by the Issuer, or on behalf of
the Issuer. Such Notes shall initially be registered on the Note
Register in the name of the nominee of the related initial Clearing
Agency, and no Note Owner shall receive a definitive, fully
registered note (a “Definitive Note”) representing such
Note Owner’s interest in such Note, except as provided in
Section 2.12. Unless and until Definitive Notes have been
issued to Note Owners pursuant to Section 2.12:
(i) the provisions of
this Section shall be in full force and effect;
(ii) the Note Registrar
and the Indenture Trustee, and their respective directors,
officers, employees and agents, may deal with the applicable
Clearing Agency for all purposes (including the payment of
principal of and interest and other amounts on the Notes) as the
authorized representative of the Note Owners;
(iii) to the extent that
the provisions of this Section conflict with any other provisions
of this Indenture, the provisions of this Section shall
control;
(iv) the rights of Note
Owners shall be exercised only through the applicable Clearing
Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and
agreements between such Note Owners and the applicable Clearing
Agency and/or the applicable Clearing Agency Participants pursuant
to the Note Depository Agreement; and unless and until Definitive
Notes are issued pursuant to Section 2.12, the applicable initial
Clearing Agency will make book-entry transfers among the applicable
Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments of
principal of and interest and other amounts on the Notes to such
applicable Clearing Agency Participants;
(v) whenever this
Indenture requires or permits actions to be taken based upon
instructions or directions of Noteholders of Notes evidencing a
specified percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, the
applicable Clearing Agency shall be deemed to represent such
percentage only to the extent that it has received instructions to
such effect from Note Owners and/or applicable Clearing Agency
Participants owning or representing, respectively, such required
percentage of the beneficial interest in the Notes and has
delivered such instructions to the Indenture Trustee; and
(vi) upon acquisition or
transfer of a beneficial interest in any Book-Entry Note by, for or
with the assets of, a Benefit Plan, such Note Owner shall be deemed
to have represented that such acquisition or purchase will not
constitute or otherwise result in: (i) in the case of a
Benefit Plan subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of
the Code, a non-exempt prohibited transaction in violation of
Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code which is
not covered by a class or other applicable exemption and
(ii) in the case of a Benefit Plan subject to a substantially
similar federal, state, local or foreign law, a non-exempt
violation of such substantially similar law. Any transfer found to
have been made in violation of such deemed representation shall be
null and void and of no effect.
SECTION
2.11 Notices to Clearing Agency . Whenever a
notice or other communication is required under this Indenture to
be given to Noteholders, unless and until Definitive Notes shall
have been issued to Note Owners pursuant to Section 2.12, the
Indenture Trustee shall give all such notices and communications
specified herein to the applicable Clearing Agency.
SECTION
2.12 Definitive Notes . If (i) the
Administrator advises the Indenture Trustee in writing that a
Clearing Agency (a) is closed for business for a continuous
period of 14 days (other than by reason of holiday, statutory or
otherwise), (b) announces an intention to cease business
permanently (or does so and no alternative clearing system
acceptable to the Indenture Trustee is then available), or
(c) at any time, is unwilling or unable to continue as, or
ceases to be, a clearing agency registered under all applicable
laws, and a successor clearing agency which is registered as a
clearing agency under all applicable laws is not appointed by the
Administrator within 90 days of such event, (ii) the
Administrator at its option advises the Indenture Trustee in
writing that it elects to terminate the book-entry system through
that Clearing Agency or (iii) after the occurrence of an Event
of Default, a Servicer Default or an Administrator Default, Note
Owners representing beneficial interests aggregating at least a
majority of the Outstanding Amount of the applicable Notes advise
the applicable Clearing Agency (which shall then notify the
Indenture Trustee) in writing that the continuation of a book-entry
system through such Clearing Agency is no longer in the best
interests of such Note Owners, then the Indenture Trustee shall
cause such Clearing Agency to notify all Note Owners cleared,
through such Clearing Agency, of the occurrence of any such event
and of the availability of Definitive Notes to Note Owners
requesting the same.
Upon surrender to the Indenture
Trustee of the typewritten Notes representing the Book-Entry Notes
by a Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration instructions, the
Issuer shall execute and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate
the Definitive Notes in accordance with the instructions of such
Clearing Agency, which shall include, without limitation, the
identity and payment instructions for all Noteholders of the
applicable Notes. None of the Issuer, the Note Registrar or the
Indenture Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such
instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected
in relying on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive
Notes, the Indenture Trustee shall recognize the holders of the
Definitive Notes as Noteholders.
Upon acquisition or transfer of a
Definitive Note by, for or with the assets of, a Benefit Plan, such
Note Owner shall be deemed to have represented that such
acquisition or purchase will not constitute or otherwise result in:
(i) in the case of a Benefit Plan subject to Title I of ERISA
or Section 4975 of the Code, a non-exempt prohibited
transaction in violation of Section 406 of ERISA or
Section 4975 of the Code which is not covered by a class or
other applicable exemption and (ii) in the case of a Benefit
Plan subject to a substantially similar law, a non-exempt violation
of such substantially similar law. Any transfer found to have been
made in violation of such deemed representation shall be null and
void and of no effect.
ARTICLE III
Covenants,
Representations and Warranties
SECTION
3.1 Payments to Noteholders . The Issuer shall
duly and punctually pay the principal and interest, if any, with
respect to the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes and
this Indenture. Without limiting the foregoing, the Issuer shall
cause to be distributed to Noteholders in accordance with the
Administration Agreement that portion of the amounts on deposit in
the Trust Accounts on a Quarterly Distribution Date (other than any
Eligible Investments deposited therein that will mature on the
Business Day preceding a subsequent Quarterly Distribution Date),
which the Noteholders are entitled to receive pursuant to Sections
2.7 and 2.8 of the Administration Agreement. Amounts properly
withheld under the Code by any Person from a payment to any
Noteholder of interest and/or principal shall be considered as
having been paid by the Issuer to such Noteholder for all purposes
of this Indenture.
SECTION 3.1A
Collateral Account . In the event that pursuant to the terms
of a potential future interest rate cap agreement, the potential
future cap counterparty is required to deposit cash or securities
as collateral to secure its obligations (“Collateral”),
the Indenture Trustee at the written direction of the potential
future cap counterparty shall establish and maintain an Eligible
Deposit Account in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the
benefit of the Issuer and the potential future cap counterparty (an
“Interest Rate Cap Agreement Collateral Account”). All
sums on deposit and securities held in any Interest Rate Cap
Agreement Collateral Account shall be used only for the purposes
set forth in the related credit support agreement to be entered
into between the Trust and the potential future cap counterparty
(the “Credit Support Agreement”); provided ,
however , that the Indenture Trustee is not a party to the
Credit Support Agreement and shall have no obligations or
responsibilities under the Credit Support Agreement, nor any
obligation to monitor the Issuer’s or the potential future
cap counterparty’s compliance with the terms of the Credit
Support Agreement. The Interest Rate Cap Agreement Collateral
Account will constitute an additional Trust Account. Amounts on
deposit in any Interest Rate Cap Agreement Collateral Account may
be invested in Eligible Investments at the written direction of the
potential future cap counterparty and on each Quarterly
Distribution Date, all Investment Earnings actually received by the
Indenture Trustee on amounts on deposit in the Interest Rate Cap
Agreement Collateral Account or on securities held by the Indenture
Trustee as Collateral shall be paid directly to the potential
future cap counterparty and not become part of Available Funds in
accordance with the terms of the Credit Support Annex. The
Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any losses on investments
made in accordance with the potential future cap
counterparty’s direction. All amounts deposited in the
Interest Rate Cap Agreement Collateral Account shall be paid to the
Issuer (and become part of Available Funds on the related Quarterly
Distribution Date) or returned to the related potential future cap
counterparty (in either case, upon receipt by the Indenture Trustee
of written instructions from the Administrator to release the
amounts on deposit) in accordance with the provisions set forth in
the related Credit Support Agreement.
SECTION
3.2 Maintenance of Office or Agency . The Issuer
shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York
and in Luxembourg, so long as any of the Notes are listed on the
Luxembourg Stock Exchange and the rules of such exchange so
require, or in such other jurisdiction if any of the Notes are
listed on another stock exchange of international standing and the
rules of such other exchange so require, an office or agency where
Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange,
and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuer in respect of
the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuer hereby
initially appoints the Indenture Trustee to serve as its agent for
the foregoing purposes. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice
to the Indenture Trustee of the location, and of any change in the
location, of any such office or agency. If at any time the Issuer
shall fail to maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to
furnish the Indenture Trustee with the address thereof, such
surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the
Corporate Trust Office, and the Issuer hereby appoints the
Indenture Trustee as its agent to receive all such surrenders,
notices and demands.
SECTION
3.3 Money for Payments to be Held in Trust . As
provided in Section 8.2(a) and (b), all payments of amounts
due and payable with respect to any Notes that are to be made from
amounts distributed from the Collection Account or any other Trust
Account pursuant to Section 2.7, or deposited into the
Collection Account from the Capitalized Interest Account, the
Supplemental Purchase Account, the Borrower Benefit Account, the
Floor Income Rebate Account or the Reserve Account, pursuant to
Sections 2.7 and 2.8 of the Administration Agreement shall be
made on behalf of the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or by another
Paying Agent, and no amounts so distributed from the Collection
Account or any other Trust Account for payments to Noteholders
shall be paid over to the Issuer except as provided in this
Section.
On or before the Business Day next
preceding each Quarterly Distribution Date and Redemption Date, the
Issuer shall distribute or cause to be distributed to the Indenture
Trustee (or any other Paying Agent) an aggregate sum sufficient to
pay the amounts then becoming due under the Notes, such sum to be
held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto and
(unless the Paying Agent is the Indenture Trustee) shall promptly
notify the Indenture Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.
The Issuer shall cause each Paying
Agent other than the Indenture Trustee to execute and deliver to
the Indenture Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent
shall agree with the Indenture Trustee (and if the Indenture
Trustee acts as Paying Agent, it hereby so agrees), subject to the
provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:
(i) hold all sums held
by it for the payment of amounts due with respect to the Notes in
trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such
sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as
herein provided and pay such sums to such Persons as herein
provided;
(ii) give the Indenture
Trustee notice of any default by the Issuer of which it has actual
knowledge (or any other obligor upon the Notes) in the making of
any payment required to be made with respect to the Notes;
(iii) at any time during
the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of
the Indenture Trustee, forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all
sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent;
(iv) immediately resign
as a Paying Agent and forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all
sums held by it in trust for the payments due under the Notes if at
any time it ceases to meet the standards required to be met by a
Paying Agent at the time of its appointment; and
(v) comply with all
requirements of the Code with respect to the withholding from any
payments made by it on any Notes of any applicable withholding
taxes imposed thereon and with respect to any applicable reporting
requirements in connection therewith.
The Issuer may at any time, for the
purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this
Indenture or for any other purpose, by Issuer Order direct any
Paying Agent to pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums held in trust
by such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Indenture Trustee
upon the same trusts as those upon which the sums were held by such
Paying Agent; and upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the
Indenture Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all
further liability with respect to such money.
Subject to applicable laws with
respect to escheat of funds, any money held by the Indenture
Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the payment of any amount
due with respect to any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years
after such amount has become due and payable shall be discharged
from such trust and be paid to the Issuer on Issuer Request or if
the Issuer has been terminated to the Depositor upon its written
request; and the Noteholder thereof shall thereafter, as an
unsecured general creditor, look only to the Issuer for payment
thereof (but only to the extent of the amounts so paid to the
Issuer), and all liability of the Indenture Trustee or such Paying
Agent with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease;
provided , however , that the Indenture Trustee or
such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such
repayment, shall at the expense and direction of the Issuer cause
to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English
language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general
circulation in The City of New York and in Luxembourg, so long as
any of the Notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and
the rules of such Exchange so require, or in such other
jurisdiction if any of the Notes are listed on another stock
exchange of international standing and the rules of such other
exchange so require, notice that such money remains unclaimed and
that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than
30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed
balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer.
The Indenture Trustee shall also adopt and employ, at the expense
of the Issuer, any other reasonable means of notification of such
repayment (including mailing notice of such repayment to
Noteholders whose Notes have been called but have not been
surrendered for redemption or whose right to or interest in moneys
due and payable but not claimed is determinable from the records of
the Indenture Trustee or of any Paying Agent, at the last address
of record for each such Noteholder).
SECTION
3.4 Existence . The Issuer shall keep in full
effect its existence, rights and franchises as a statutory trust
under the laws of the State of Delaware (unless it becomes, or any
successor Issuer hereunder is or becomes, organized under the laws
of any other State or of the United States of America, in which
case the Issuer shall keep in full effect its existence, rights and
franchises under the laws of such other jurisdiction) and shall
obtain and preserve its qualification to do business in each
jurisdiction in which such qualification is or shall be necessary
to protect the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the
Notes, the Collateral and each other instrument or agreement
included in the Indenture Trust Estate.
SECTION
3.5 Protection of Indenture Trust Estate . The
Issuer will from time to time execute and deliver all such
supplements and amendments hereto, all such financing statements
and continuation statements and will take such other action
necessary or advisable to:
(i) maintain or preserve
the lien and security interest (and the priority thereof) of this
Indenture or carry out more effectively the purposes hereof;
(ii) perfect, publish
notice of or protect the validity of any grant made or to be made
by this Indenture;
(iii) enforce any of the
Collateral; or
(iv) preserve and defend
title to the Indenture Trust Estate and the rights of the Indenture
Trustee and the Noteholders in such Indenture Trust Estate against
the claims of all persons and parties.
The Issuer hereby designates the
Indenture Trustee its agent and attorney-in-fact to execute any
instrument required to be executed pursuant to this Section.
SECTION
3.6 Opinions as to Indenture Trust Estate .
(a) On the Closing Date, the Issuer shall furnish to the
Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel either stating that, in the
opinion of such counsel, such action has been taken with respect to
the recording and filing of this Indenture as is necessary to
perfect and make effective the lien and security interest of this
Indenture and reciting the details of such action, or stating that,
in the opinion of such counsel, no such action is necessary to make
such lien and security interest effective.
(b) On or before
December 31 in each calendar year, beginning in 2008, the
Issuer shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel
either stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action
has been taken with respect to the recording, filing, re-recording
and refiling of this Indenture and any indentures supplemental
hereto as is necessary to maintain the lien and security interest
created by this Indenture and relating the details of such action
or stating that in the opinion of such counsel no such action is
necessary to maintain such lien and security interest. Such Opinion
of Counsel shall also describe the recording, filing, recording and
refiling of this Indenture and any indentures supplemental hereto
that will, in the opinion of such counsel, be required to maintain
the lien and security interest of this Indenture until
December 31 in the following calendar year.
SECTION
3.7 Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Trust
Student Loans .
(a) The Issuer will not
take any action and will use its best efforts not to permit any
action to be taken by others that would release any Person from any
of such Person’s material covenants or obligations under any
instrument or agreement included in the Indenture Trust Estate or
that would result in the amendment, hypothecation, subordination,
termination or discharge of, or impair the validity or
effectiveness of, any such instrument or agreement, except as
expressly provided in this Indenture, any other Basic Document or
such other instrument or agreement.
(b) The Issuer may
contract with other Persons to assist it in performing its duties
under this Indenture, and any performance of such duties by a
Person identified to the Indenture Trustee in an Officers’
Certificate of the Issuer shall be deemed to be action taken by the
Issuer; provided , however , the Issuer shall not be
liable for any acts of Persons with whom the Issuer has contracted
with reasonable care. Initially, the Issuer has contracted with the
Servicer and the Administrator to assist the Issuer in performing
its duties under this Indenture. The Issuer shall give written
notice to the Indenture Trustee and each Rating Agency of any such
contract with any other Person.
(c) The Issuer shall
punctually perform and observe all of its obligations and
agreements contained in this Indenture, the other Basic Documents
and the instruments and agreements included in the Indenture Trust
Estate, including filing or causing to be filed all UCC financing
statements and continuation statements prepared by the Issuer and
required to be filed by the terms of this Indenture and the
Administration Agreement in accordance with and within the time
periods provided for herein and therein. Except as otherwise
expressly provided therein, the Issuer shall not waive, amend,
modify, supplement or terminate any Basic Document or any provision
thereof without the consent of the Indenture Trustee or the
Noteholders of at least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the
Notes. The Issuer shall give written notice to each Rating Agency
of any such waiver, amendment, modification, supplement or
termination that requires the consent of the Indenture Trustee or
the Noteholders of at least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of
the Notes.
(d) If an Authorized
Officer of the Issuer shall have knowledge of the occurrence of a
Servicer Default or an Administrator Default under the Servicing
Agreement or the Administration Agreement, respectively, the Issuer
shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies
thereof, and shall specify in such notice the action, if any, the
Issuer is taking with respect to such default. If a Servicer
Default shall arise from the failure of the Servicer to perform any
of its duties or obligations under the Servicing Agreement, or an
Administrator Default shall arise from the failure of the
Administrator to perform any of its duties or obligations under the
Administration Agreement, as the case may be, with respect to the
Trust Student Loans, the Issuer shall take all reasonable steps
available to it to enforce its rights under the Basic Documents in
respect of such failure.
(e) As promptly as
possible after the giving of notice of termination to the Servicer
of the Servicer’s rights and powers, pursuant to
Section 5.1 of the Servicing Agreement, or to the
Administrator of the Administrator’s rights and powers,
pursuant to Section 5.1 of the Administration Agreement, the
Issuer shall appoint a successor servicer (the “Successor
Servicer”) or a successor administrator (the “Successor
Administrator”), respectively, and such Successor Servicer or
Successor Administrator, as the case may be, shall accept its
appointment by a written assumption in a form acceptable to the
Indenture Trustee. In the event that a Successor Servicer or
Successor Administrator has not been appointed and accepted its
appointment at the time when the Servicer or Administrator, as the
case may be, ceases to act as Servicer or Administrator,
respectively, the Indenture Trustee without further action shall
automatically be appointed the Successor Servicer or Successor
Administrator, as the case may be. The Indenture Trustee may resign
as the Successor Servicer or the Successor Administrator by giving
written notice of resignation to the Issuer and in such event will
be released from such duties and obligations, such release not to
be effective until the date a new servicer or a new administrator,
as the case may be, enters into an agreement with the Issuer as
provided below; provided , however , that nothing
herein shall require or permit the Indenture Trustee to act as
Servicer, or otherwise service the Trust Student Loans, in
violation of the Higher Education Act. Upon delivery of any such
notice to the Issuer, the Issuer shall obtain a new servicer as the
Successor Servicer under the Servicing Agreement or a new
administrator as the Successor Administrator under the
Administration Agreement, as the case may be. Any Successor
Servicer or Successor Administrator, other than the Indenture
Trustee, shall (i) be an established institution (A) that
satisfies any requirements of the Higher Education Act applicable
to servicers and (B) whose regular business includes the
servicing or administration of student loans, as the case may be,
and (ii) enter into a servicing agreement or an administration
agreement, respectively, with the Issuer having substantially the
same provisions as the provisions of the Servicing Agreement and
the Administration Agreement, as applicable. If within 30 days
after the delivery of the notice referred to above, the Issuer
shall not have obtained such a new servicer or new administrator,
as the case may be, the Indenture Trustee may appoint, or may
petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a Successor
Servicer or Successor Administrator, as applicable; provided
, however , that such right to appoint or to petition for
the appointment of any such successor shall in no event relieve the
Indenture Trustee from any obligations otherwise imposed on it
under the Basic Documents until such successor has in fact assumed
such appointment. In connection with any such appointment, the
Indenture Trustee may make such arrangements for the compensation
of such successor as it and such successor shall agree, subject to
the limitations set forth below and in the Servicing Agreement or
Administration Agreement, as applicable, and in accordance with
Section 5.2 of the Servicing Agreement and Section 5.2 of
the Administration Agreement, the Issuer shall enter into an
agreement with such successor for the servicing or administration
of the Trust Student Loans (such agreement to be in form and
substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee). If the Indenture
Trustee shall succeed as provided herein to the Servicer’s
duties as Servicer with respect to the Trust Student Loans, or the
Administrator’s duties with respect to the Issuer and the
Trust Student Loans, as the case may be, it shall do so in its
individual capacity and not in its capacity as Indenture Trustee
and, accordingly, the provisions of Article VI hereof shall be
inapplicable to the Indenture Trustee in its duties as the
successor to the Servicer or the Administrator, as the case may be,
and the servicing or administration of the Trust Student Loans. In
case the Indenture Trustee shall become successor to the Servicer
or the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to
appoint as Servicer or as Administrator, as the case may be, any
one of its Affiliates, provided that such appointment shall not
affect or alter in any way the liability of the Indenture Trustee
as Successor Servicer or Successor Administrator, respectively, in
accordance with the terms hereof.
(f) Upon any termination
of the Servicer’s rights and powers pursuant to the Servicing
Agreement, or any termination of the Administrator’s rights
and powers pursuant to the Administration Agreement, as the case
may be, the Issuer shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee and
each Rating Agency. As soon as a Successor Servicer or a Successor
Administrator is appointed, the Issuer shall notify the Indenture
Trustee and each Rating Agency of such appointment, specifying in
such notice the name and address of such Successor Servicer or such
Successor Administrator.
(g) [Reserved].
(h) Without derogating
from the absolute nature of the assignment granted to the Indenture
Trustee under this Indenture or the rights of the Indenture Trustee
hereunder, the Issuer agrees that it will not, without the prior
written consent of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders of at
least a majority in Outstanding Amount of the Notes, amend, modify,
supplement, terminate, waive or surrender, or agree to any
amendment, modification, supplement, termination, waiver or
surrender of, the terms of any Collateral or the Basic Documents,
except to the extent otherwise provided in the Basic Documents, or
waive timely performance or observance by the Servicer, the
Administrator, the Depositor, any Excess Distribution
Certificateholder, SLM ECFC, Bluemont Funding, Town Center Funding,
Town Hall Funding, the Issuer or the Eligible Lender Trustee under
the Basic Documents; provided , however , that no
such amendment shall (i) increase or reduce in any manner the
amount of, or accelerate or delay the timing of, distributions that
are required to be made for the benefit of the Noteholders, or
(ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of the Notes which are
required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of
the Noteholders of all the Outstanding Notes. If any such
amendment, modification, supplement or waiver shall be so consented
to by the Indenture Trustee or such Noteholders, the Issuer shall
give written notice thereof to each Rating Agency and agrees,
promptly following a request by the Indenture Trustee to do so, to
execute and deliver, in its own name and at its own expense, such
agreements, instruments, consents and other documents as the
Indenture Trustee may deem necessary or appropriate in the
circumstances.
SECTION
3.8 Negative Covenants . So long as any Notes
are Outstanding, the Issuer shall not:
(i) except as expressly
permitted by this Indenture or any other Basic Document, sell,
transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of any of the properties or
assets of the Issuer, including those included in the Indenture
Trust Estate, unless directed to do so by the Indenture
Trustee;
(ii) claim any credit
on, or make any deduction from the principal or interest payable in
respect of, the Notes (other than amounts properly withheld from
such payments under the Code or applicable state law) or assert any
claim against any present or former Noteholder by reason of the
payment of the taxes levied or assessed upon any part of the
Indenture Trust Estate; and
(iii) (A) permit
the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture to be impaired, or
permit the lien of this Indenture to be amended, hypothecated,
subordinated, terminated or discharged, or permit any Person to be
released from any covenants or obligations with respect to the
Notes under this Indenture except as may be expressly permitted
hereby, (B) permit any lien, charge, excise, claim, security
interest, mortgage or other encumbrance (other than the lien of
this Indenture) to be created on or extend to or otherwise arise
upon or burden the Indenture Trust Estate or any part thereof or
any interest therein or the proceeds thereof (other than tax liens
and other liens that arise by operation of law, and other than as
expressly permitted by the Basic Documents) or (C) permit the lien
of this Indenture not to constitute a valid first priority (other
than with respect to any such tax or other lien) security interest
in the Indenture Trust Estate.
SECTION
3.9 Annual Statement as to Compliance . The
Issuer will deliver to the Indenture Trustee and each Rating
Agency, within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of
the Issuer (commencing with the fiscal year ending
December 31, 2008), an Officers’ Certificate of the
Issuer stating that:
(i) a review of the
activities of the Issuer during such year and of performance under
this Indenture has been made under such Authorized Officers’
supervision; and
(ii) to the best of such
Authorized Officers’ knowledge, based on such review, the
Issuer has complied with all conditions and covenants under this
Indenture throughout such year, or, if there has been a default in
the compliance of any such condition or covenant, specifying each
such default known to such Authorized Officers and the nature and
status thereof.
SECTION
3.10 Issuer May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain
Terms .
(a) The Issuer shall not
consolidate or merge with or into any other Person, unless:
(i) the Person (if other
than the Issuer) formed by or surviving such consolidation or
merger shall be a Person organized and existing under the laws of
the United States of America or any State and shall expressly
assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered
to the Indenture Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Indenture
Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and
interest, if any, on all Notes and the performance or observance of
every agreement and covenant of this Indenture and the other Basic
Documents on the part of the Issuer to be performed or observed,
all as provided herein;
(ii) immediately after
giving effect to such transaction, no Default shall have occurred
and be continuing;
(iii) the Rating Agency
Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such
transaction;
(iv) the Issuer shall
have received an Opinion of Counsel (and shall have delivered
copies thereof to the Indenture Trustee) to the effect that such
transaction will not have any material adverse Federal or Delaware
state tax consequence to the Issuer or any Noteholder;
(v) any action as is
necessary to maintain the lien and security interest created by
this Indenture shall have been taken; and
(vi) the Issuer shall
have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officers’
Certificate of the Issuer and an Opinion of Counsel each stating
that such consolidation or merger and such supplemental indenture
comply with this Article III and that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied
with (including any filing required by the Exchange Act).
(b) The Issuer shall not
convey or transfer all or substantially all of its properties or
assets, including those included in the Indenture Trust Estate, to
any Person, unless:
(i) the Person that
acquires by conveyance or transfer the properties and assets of the
Issuer the conveyance or transfer of which is hereby restricted
shall (A) be a United States citizen or a Person organized and
existing under the laws of the United States of America or any
State, (B) expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental
hereto, executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee, in form
satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, the due and punctual payment
of the principal of, and interest, if any, on all Notes and the
performance or observance of every agreement and covenant of this
Indenture on the part of the Issuer to be performed or observed,
all as provided herein, (C) expressly agree by means of such
supplemental indenture that all right, title and interest so
conveyed or transferred shall be subject and subordinate to the
rights of Noteholders, (D) unless otherwise provided in such
supplemental indenture, expressly agree to indemnify, defend and
hold harmless the Issuer against and from any loss, liability or
expense arising under or related to this Indenture and the Notes
and (E) expressly agree by means of such supplemental
indenture that such Person (or if a group of Persons, then one
specified Person) shall make all filings with the Commission (and
any other appropriate Person) required by the Exchange Act in
connection with the Notes;
(ii) immediately after
giving effect to such transaction, no Default shall have occurred
and be continuing;
(iii) the Rating Agency
Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such
transaction;
(iv) the Issuer shall
have received an Opinion of Counsel (and shall have delivered
copies thereof to the Indenture Trustee) to the effect that such
transaction will not have any material adverse Federal or Delaware
state tax consequence to the Issuer or any Noteholder;
(v) any action as is
necessary to maintain the lien and security interest created by
this Indenture shall have been taken; and
(vi) the Issuer shall
have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officers’
Certificate of the Issuer and an Opinion of Counsel each stating
that such conveyance or transfer and such supplemental indenture
comply with this Article III and that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied
with (including any filing required by the Exchange Act).
SECTION
3.11 Successor or Transferee .
(a) Upon any consolidation or merger of the Issuer in
accordance with Section 3.10(a), the Person formed by or
surviving such consolidation or merger (if other than the Issuer)
shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every
right and power of, the Issuer under this Indenture with the same
effect as if such Person had been named as the Issuer herein.
(b) Upon a conveyance or
transfer of all the assets and properties of the Issuer pursuant to
Section 3.10(b), SLM Student Loan Trust 2008-9 will be
released from every covenant and agreement of this Indenture to be
observed or performed on the part of the Issuer with respect to the
Notes immediately upon the delivery by the Issuer of written notice
to the Indenture Trustee stating that SLM Student Loan Trust 2008-9
is to be so released.
SECTION
3.12 No Other Business . The Issuer shall not
engage in any business other than financing, purchasing, owning,
selling and managing the Trust Student Loans and the other assets
of the Issuer and related proceeds thereof, in the manner
contemplated by this Indenture and the other Basic Documents and
activities incidental thereto.
SECTION
3.13 No Borrowing . The Issuer shall not issue,
incur, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable, directly or
indirectly, for any indebtedness except for the Notes.
SECTION
3.14 Obligations of Servicer and Administrator .
The Issuer shall cause the Servicer to comply with
Sections 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of the Administration Agreement and
Section 3.7 of the Servicing Agreement and the Administrator
to comply with Sections 2.11, 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of the
Administration Agreement.
SECTION
3.15 Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other
Liabilities . Except as contemplated by this Indenture and the
other Basic Documents, the Issuer shall not make any loan or
advance or credit to, or guarantee (directly or indirectly or by an
instrument having the effect of assuring another’s payment or
performance on any obligation or capability of so doing or
otherwise), endorse or otherwise become contingently liable,
directly or indirectly, in connection with the obligations, stocks
or dividends of, or own, purchase, repurchase or acquire (or agree
contingently to do so) any stock, obligations, assets or securities
of, or any other interest in, or make any capital contribution to,
any other Person.
SECTION
3.16 Capital Expenditures . The Issuer shall not
make any expenditure (by long-term or operating lease or otherwise)
for capital assets (either realty or personalty).
SECTION
3.17 Restricted Payments . The Issuer shall not,
directly or indirectly, (i) pay any dividend or make any
distribution (by reduction of capital or otherwise), whether in
cash, property, securities or a combination thereof, to the
Eligible Lender Trustee or any owner of a beneficial interest in
the Issuer or otherwise with respect to any ownership or equity
interest or security in or of the Issuer or to the Servicer or the
Administrator, (ii) redeem, purchase, retire or otherwise
acquire for value any such ownership or equity interest or security
or (iii) set aside or otherwise segregate any amounts for any
such purpose; provided , however , that the Issuer
may make, or cause to be made, distributions to the Servicer, the
Eligible Lender Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders,
the Administrator, the Depositor and the Excess Distribution
Certificateholder as contemplated by, and to the extent funds are
available for such purpose under, this Indenture and the other
Basic Documents. The Issuer will not, directly or indirectly, make
payments to or distributions from the Collection Account except in
accordance with this Indenture and the other Basic Documents.
SECTION
3.18 Notice of Events of Default . The Issuer
shall give the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies prompt
written notice of each Event of Default hereunder. The Issuer shall
give the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies prompt written
notice of each default on the part of (i) the Depositor of its
obligations under the Sale Agreement, (ii) SLM ECFC of its
obligations under the SLM ECFC Purchase Agreement,
(iii) Bluemont Funding of its obligations under the Bluemont
Funding Purchase Agreement, (iv) Town Center Funding of its
obligations under the Town Center Funding Purchase Agreement,
(v) Town Hall Funding of its obligations under the Town Hall
Funding Purchase Agreement, (vi) the Servicer of its
obligations under the Servicing Agreement and (vii) the
Administrator of its obligations under the Administration
Agreement. In addition, the Issuer shall deliver to the Indenture
Trustee and each Rating Agency, within five days after the
occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an
Officers’ Certificate of the Issuer of any event which with
the giving of notice and the lapse of time would become an Event of
Default under Section 5.1(iii), its status and what action the
Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
SECTION
3.19 Further Instruments and Acts . Upon request
of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer will execute and deliver such
further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably
necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purpose of
this Indenture.
SECTION
3.20 Representations and Warranties . The Issuer
represents and warrants to the Indenture Trustee that, as of the
Closing Date:
(a) this Indenture
creates a valid and continuing security interest (as defined in the
applicable UCC) in the Trust Student Loans in favor of the
Indenture Trustee, which security interest is prior to all other
security interests, liens, charges, claims, offsets, defenses,
counterclaims or encumbrances, and is enforceable as such as
against creditors of and purchasers from the Issuer and Eligible
Lender Trustee;
(b) the Trust Student
Loans constitute “Accounts” within the meaning of the
applicable UCC and are within the coverage of
Section 432(m)(1)(E) and 439(d)(3) of the Higher Education
Act;
(c) the Issuer has caused
or will have caused, within 30 days, the filing of all
appropriate financing statements in the proper filing office in the
appropriate jurisdictions under applicable law in order to perfect
the security interest in the Trust Student Loans granted to the
Indenture Trustee hereunder;
(d) the Eligible Lender
Trustee owns and has legal title to the Trust Student Loans which,
except for the beneficial interest of the Issuer and any
obligations created pursuant to this Indenture, are free and clear
of any Lien, claim or encumbrance of any Person; and
(e) other than the
security interest granted to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this
Agreement, the Eligible Lender Trustee has not pledged, assigned,
sold, granted a security interest in, or otherwise conveyed any
interest in the Trust Student Loans. The Trust has not authorized
the filing of and is not aware of any financing statements against
the Eligible Lender Trustee that include a description of
collateral covering the Trust Student Loans other than any
financing statement relating to the beneficial interest of the
Issuer and the security interest granted to the Indenture Trustee
hereunder or that has been terminated. The Trust is not aware of
any judgment or tax lien filings against the Trust.
ARTICLE IV
Satisfaction and
Discharge
SECTION
4.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture .
This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to
the Notes except as to (i) rights of registration of transfer
and exchange, (ii) substitution of mutilated, destroyed, lost
or stolen Notes, (iii) rights of Noteholders to receive
payments of principal thereof and interest thereon,
(iv) Sections 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.8, 3.10, 3.12 and 3.13,
(v) the rights, obligations and immunities of the Indenture
Trustee hereunder (including, without limitation, the rights of the
Indenture Trustee under Section 6.7 and the obligations of the
Indenture Trustee under Section 4.2) and (vi) the rights
of Noteholders as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property
so deposited with the Indenture Trustee payable to all or any of
them, and the Indenture Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of
the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the
Notes, when:
(a) either
(1) all Notes theretofore
authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Notes that have
been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid
as provided in Section 2.5 and (ii) Notes for whose payment
money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and
held in trust by the Issuer and thereafter repaid to the Issuer or
discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 3.3) have
been delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation; or
(2) all Notes not theretofore
delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation:
(i) have become due and
payable,
(ii) will become due and
payable at their respective Note Final Maturity Date, within one
year, or
(iii) are to be called for
redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the
Indenture Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the
Indenture Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Issuer,
and the Issuer, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above,
has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited
with the Indenture Trustee cash or direct obligations of or
obligations guaranteed by the United States of America (which will
mature prior to the date such amounts are payable), in trust for
such purpose, in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the
entire indebtedness on such Notes not theretofore delivered to the
Indenture Trustee for cancellation when due to the Note Final
Maturity Date;
(b) the Issuer has paid
or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the
Issuer; and
(c) the Issuer has
delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officers’ Certificate
of the Issuer, an Opinion of Counsel and (if required by the TIA or
the Indenture Trustee) an Independent Certificate from a firm of
certified public accountants, each meeting the applicable
requirements of Section 11.1(a) and, subject to
Section 11.2, each stating that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of
this Indenture have been complied with.
SECTION
4.2 Application of Trust Money . All moneys
deposited with the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1
hereof shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with
the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment,
either directly or through any Paying Agent, as the Indenture
Trustee may determine, to the Noteholders of the particular Notes
for the payment or redemption of which such moneys have been
deposited with the Indenture Trustee, of all sums due and to become
due thereon for principal and interest; but such moneys need not be
segregated from other funds except to the extent required herein or
in the Administration Agreement or required by law.
SECTION
4.3 Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent .
In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture
with respect to the Notes, all moneys then held by any Paying Agent
other than the Indenture Trustee under the provisions of this
Indenture with respect to such Notes shall, upon demand of the
Issuer, be paid to the Indenture Trustee to be held and applied
according to Section 3.3 and thereupon such Paying Agent shall
be released from all further liability with respect to such
moneys.
SECTION
4.4 Auction of Trust Student Loans . On the date
(the “Trust Auction Date”) that is three Business Days
prior to the Quarterly Distribution Date immediately following the
end of the first Collection Period when the Pool Balance is equal
to 10% or less of the Initial Pool Balance, any Trust Student Loans
remaining in the Trust shall be offered for sale by the Indenture
Trustee unless the Servicer has exercised its option to purchase
the Trust Estate as described in Section 6.1(a) of the
Administration Agreement with respect to such Quarterly
Distribution Date. The Servicer will be deemed to have waived such
option if it fails to notify the Eligible Lender Trustee and the
Indenture Trustee of its exercise thereof in writing prior to the
Indenture Trustee’s acceptance of a bid to purchase such
Trust Student Loans; provided , however , that there
shall be no such offer for sale if the Indenture Trustee fails to
provide notice to the Servicer in accordance with this
Section 4.4. The Indenture Trustee shall provide written
notice to the Servicer of any such offer for sale at least five
Business Days in advance of the Trust Auction Date. The Indenture
Trustee shall permit the Depositor or any of its Affiliates,
including SLM ECFC, Bluemont Funding, Town Center Funding, Town
Hall Funding and the Servicer, to offer bids only if the Pool
Balance as of the applicable Trust Auction Date is equal to 10% or
less of the Initial Pool Balance, and such bid does not exceed the
fair market value of the Trust Student Loans as of the Trust
Auction Date. If at least two bids are received, the Indenture
Trustee shall solicit and resolicit new bids from all participating
bidders until only one bid remains or the remaining bidders decline
to resubmit bids. The Indenture Trustee shall accept the highest of
such remaining bids if it is equal to or in excess of both
(i) the Minimum Purchase Amount (plus any amounts owed to the
Servicer for any Carryover Servicing Fees of which the Servicer has
advised the Indenture Trustee in writing) and (ii) the fair
market value of such Trust Student Loans as of the end of the
Collection Period immediately preceding the Trust Auction Date. If
at least two bids are not received or the highest bid after the
resolicitation process is completed is not equal to or in excess of
the higher of (i) the Minimum Purchase Amount (plus any
amounts owed to the Servicer for any Carryover Servicing Fees of
which the Servicer has advised the Indenture Trustee in writing)
and (ii) the fair market value of the Trust Student Loans, the
Indenture Trustee shall not consummate such sale. The Indenture
Trustee may consult, and, at the direction of the Depositor, shall
consult, with a financial advisor, including an Underwriter of the
Notes or the Administrator, to determine if the fair market value
of the Trust Student Loans has been offered. The proceeds of any
such sale will be paid at the time set forth in Section 2.6 of
the Administration Agreement and applied in the order of priority
set forth in Section 5.4(b). If the sale is not consummated in
accordance with the foregoing, the Indenture Trustee may, but shall
not be under any obligation to, solicit bids for sale of the Trust
Student Loans with respect to future Quarterly Distribution Dates
upon terms similar to those described above, including the
Servicer’s waiver of its option to purchase the Trust Estate
in accordance with Section 6.1(a) of the Administration
Agreement with respect to each such future Quarterly Distribution
Date.
ARTICLE V
Remedies
SECTION
5.1 Events of Default . “Event of
Default,” wherever used herein, means any one of the
following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and
whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by
operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of
any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or
governmental body):
(i) default in the
payment of any interest on any class of Notes when the same becomes
due and payable, and such default shall continue for a period of
five days; or
(ii) default in the
payment of the principal of any Note when the same becomes due and
payable on the related Note Final Maturity Date; or
(iii) default in the
observance or performance of any covenant or agreement of the
Issuer made in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement,
a default in the observance or performance of which is elsewhere in
this Section specifically dealt with), or any representation or
warranty of the Issuer made in this Indenture or in any certificate
or other writing having been incorrect in any material respect as
of the time when made, such default or breach having a material
adverse effect on the holders of the Notes, and such default or
breach shall continue or not be cured, or the circumstance or
condition in respect of which such misrepresentation or warranty
was incorrect shall not have been eliminated or otherwise cured,
for a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by
registered or certified mail, to the Issuer by the Indenture
Trustee or to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee by the
Noteholders of at least 25% of the Outstanding Amount of the
Controlling Notes, a written notice specifying such default or
incorrect representation or warranty and requiring it to be
remedied and stating that such notice is a notice of Default
hereunder; or
(iv) the filing of a
decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the
premises in respect of the Issuer or any substantial part of the
Indenture Trust Estate in an involuntary case under any applicable
Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or
hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator,
assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of
the Issuer or for any substantial part of the Indenture Trust
Estate, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of the
Issuer’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain
unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or
(v) the commencement by
the Issuer of a voluntary case under any applicable Federal or
state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter
in effect, or the consent by the Issuer to the entry of an order
for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the
consent by the Issuer to the appointment or taking possession by a
receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or
similar official of the Issuer or for any substantial part of the
Indenture Trust Estate, or the making by the Issuer of any general
assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by the
Issuer generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the
taking of action by the Issuer in furtherance of any of the
foregoing.
SECTION
5.2 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and
Annulment . If an Event of Default should occur and be
continuing, then and in every such case the Indenture Trustee or
the Noteholders representing at least a majority of the Outstanding
Amount of the Controlling Notes may declare all the Notes to be
immediately due and payable, by a notice in writing to the Issuer
(and to the Indenture Trustee if given by Noteholders), and upon
any such declaration the unpaid principal amount of such Notes,
together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the date
of acceleration, shall become immediately due and payable, subject,
however, to Section 5.4 of this Indenture.
At any time after such declaration
of acceleration of maturity has been made and before a judgment or
decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the
Indenture Trustee as hereinafter in this Article V; provided
that Noteholders representing at least a majority of the
Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Notes, by written notice to
the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, may rescind and annul such
declaration and its consequences if:
(i) the Issuer has paid
or deposited with the Indenture Trustee a sum sufficient to
pay:
(a) all
payments of principal of and interest on all Notes and all other
amounts that would then be due hereunder or upon such Notes if the
Event of Default giving rise to such acceleration had not occurred;
and
(b) all sums
paid or advanced by the Indenture Trustee hereunder and the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel; and
(ii) all Events of
Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Notes
that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or
waived as provided in Section 5.12.
No such rescission shall affect any
subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereto.
SECTION
5.3 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for
Enforcement by Indenture Trustee . The Issuer covenants that if
(i) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Note
when the same becomes due and payable, and such default continues
for a period of five days, or (ii) default is made in the
payment of the principal of any Note when the same becomes due and
payable at the related Note Final Maturity Date, the Issuer shall,
upon demand of the Indenture Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of
the Noteholders, the whole amount then due and payable on such
Notes for principal and interest, with interest upon the overdue
principal, and, to the extent payment at such rate of interest
shall be legally enforceable, upon overdue installments of
interest, at the rate specified in Section 2.7 and in addition
thereto such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the
costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture
Trustee and its agents and counsel.
(a) In case the Issuer
shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such demand, the
Indenture Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express
trust, may institute a Proceeding for the collection of the sums so
due and unpaid, and may prosecute such Proceeding to judgment or
final decree, and may enforce the same against the Issuer or other
obligor upon such Notes and collect in the manner provided by law
out of the property of the Issuer or other obligor upon such Notes,
wherever situated, the moneys adjudged or decreed to be
payable.
(b) If an Event of
Default occurs and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, as
more particularly provided in Section 5.4, in its discretion,
proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the
Noteholders by such appropriate Proceedings as the Indenture
Trustee shall deem most effective to protect and enforce any such
rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or
agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power
granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy or legal or
equitable right vested in the Indenture Trustee by this Indenture
or by law.
(c) In case there shall
be pending, relative to the Issuer or any other obligor upon the
Notes or any Person having or claiming an ownership interest in the
Indenture Trust Estate, Proceedings under Title 11 of the United
States Code or any other applicable Federal or state bankruptcy,
insolvency or other similar law, or in case a receiver, assignee or
trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator
or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken
possession of the Issuer or its property or such other obligor or
Person, or in case of any other, comparable judicial Proceedings
relative to the Issuer or other obligor upon the Notes, or to the
creditors or property of the Issuer or such other obligor, the
Indenture Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of any
Notes shall then be due and payable, as therein expressed or by
declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Indenture
Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of
this Section, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in
such proceedings or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a
claim or claims for the whole amount of principal and interest
owing and unpaid in respect of the Notes and to file such other
papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to
have the claims of the Indenture Trustee (including any claim for
reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee and each
predecessor Indenture Trustee, and their respective agents,
attorneys and counsel, and for reimbursement of all expenses and
liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture
Trustee and each predecessor Indenture Trustee, except as a result
of negligence or bad faith) and of the Noteholders allowed in such
Proceedings;
(ii) unless prohibited
by applicable law and regulations, to vote on behalf of the
Noteholders in any election of a trustee, a standby trustee or
Person performing similar functions in any such Proceedings;
(iii) to collect and
receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any
such claims and to distribute all amounts received with respect to
the claims of the Noteholders and the Indenture Trustee on their
behalf; and
(iv) to file such proofs
of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or
advisable in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee or
the Noteholders allowed in any judicial Proceedings relative to the
Issuer, its creditors and its property;
and any trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other
similar official in any such Proceeding is hereby authorized by
each of such Noteholders to make payments to the Indenture Trustee,
and, in the event that the Indenture Trustee shall consent to the
making of payments directly to such Noteholders to pay to the
Indenture Trustee such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover
reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor
Indenture Trustee and their respective agents, attorneys and
counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all
advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor
Indenture Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad
faith.
(d) Nothing herein
contained shall be deemed to authorize the Indenture Trustee to
authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of
any Noteholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment
or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Noteholder
thereof or to authorize the Indenture Trustee to vote in respect of
the claim of any Noteholder in any such proceeding except, as
aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or
similar Person.
(e) All rights of action
and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the
Notes, may be enforced by the Indenture Trustee without the
possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof in any
trial or other Proceedings relative thereto, and any such action or
Proceedings instituted by the Indenture Trustee shall be brought in
its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of
judgment, subject to the payment of the expenses, disbursements and
compensation of the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor Indenture
Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall be for the
ratable benefit of the Noteholders.
(f) In any Proceedings
brought by the Indenture Trustee (and also any Proceedings
involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to
which the Indenture Trustee shall be a party), the Indenture
Trustee shall be held to represent all the Noteholders, and it
shall not be necessary to make any Noteholder a party to any such
Proceedings.
SECTION
5.4 Remedies; Priorities . If an Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Indenture
Trustee may do one or more of the following (subject to
Section 5.5):
(a) (i)
institute Proceedings in its own name and as trustee of an express
trust for the collection of all amounts then payable on the Notes
or under this Indenture with respect thereto, whether by
declaration or otherwise, enforce any judgment obtained, and
collect from the Issuer and any other obligor upon such Notes
moneys adjudged due;
(ii) institute
Proceedings from time to time for the complete or partial
foreclosure of this Indenture, with respect to the Indenture Trust
Estate;
(iii) exercise any
remedies of a secured party under the UCC with respect to the Trust
Estate and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce
the rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the
Noteholders;
(iv) sell the Indenture
Trust Estate or any portion thereof or rights or interest therein,
at one or more public or private sales called and conducted in any
manner permitted by law; and/or
(v) elect to have the
Eligible Lender Trustee maintain ownership of the Trust Student
Loans and continue to apply collections with respect to the Trust
Student Loans as if there had been no declaration of
acceleration;
provided , however , that the Indenture Trustee
may not sell or otherwise liquidate the Indenture Trust Estate
following an Event of Default, other than an Event of Default
described in Section 5.1(i) or (ii) with respect to the
Class A Notes, unless (A) the Noteholders of 100% of the
Outstanding Amount of the Class A Notes consent thereto,
(B) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to
the Class A Noteholders are sufficient to discharge in full
all amounts then due and unpaid upon such Class A Notes for
principal and interest or (C) the Indenture Trustee determines
that the Indenture Trust Estate will not continue to provide
sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and interest on
the Class A Notes as would have become due if the Class A
Notes had not been declared due and payable, and the Indenture
Trustee obtains the consent of Noteholders of 66-2/3% of the
Outstanding Amount of the Class A Notes; provided ,
further , that the Indenture Trustee may not sell or
otherwise liquidate the Indenture Trust Estate following an Event
of Default, other than an Event of Default described in
Section 5.1(i) or (ii) with respect to the Class A
Notes, unless (D) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation
distributable to the Class B Noteholders plus the proceeds of
the sale or liquidation of the Trust Estate distributable to the
Class B Noteholders are sufficient to pay to the Class B
Noteholders the Outstanding Amount of the Class B Notes plus
accrued and unpaid interest thereon or (E) the proceeds of
such sale or liquidation distributable to the Class B
Noteholders plus the proceeds of the sale or liquidation of the
Trust Estate distributable to the Class B Noteholders would
not be sufficient to pay to the Class B Noteholders the
outstanding principal plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, the
Class B Noteholders of at least a majority of the Outstanding
Amount of the Class B Notes consent thereto. In determining
such sufficiency or insufficiency with respect to clauses (B), (C),
(D) and (E), the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain
and rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or
accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of
such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Indenture
Trust Estate and/or Trust Estate, as applicable, for such
purpose.
(b) Notwithstanding the
provisions of Section 2.8 of the Administration Agreement,
following the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of
Default which has resulted in an acceleration of the Notes, if the
Indenture Trustee collects any money or property, it shall pay out,
on each Quarterly Distribution Date, the money or property (and
other amounts including amounts, if any, held on deposit in each of
the Trust Accounts) held as Collateral for the benefit of the
Noteholders, net of liquidation costs associated with the sale of
the assets of the Trust, in the following order:
FIRST: pro rata, to the Indenture
Trustee for amounts due under Section 6.7 and to the Eligible
Lender Trustee and the Delaware Trustee for amounts due under
Section 8.1 of the Trust Agreement (but, in each case, only to
the extent not paid by the Administrator or the Depositor);
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to the Servicer for due and unpaid Primary
Servicing Fees;
to the Administrator, any due and unpaid Administration Fees;
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FOURTH: to the Class A
Noteholders, the Class A Noteholders’ Interest
Distribution Amount based on the amounts payable as Class A
Noteholders’ Interest Distribution Amount;
FIFTH: to the Class A
Noteholders, an amount sufficient to reduce the principal balance
of the Class A Notes to zero;
SIXTH: to the Class B
Noteholders, the Class B Noteholders’ Interest
Distribution Amount based on the amounts payable as Class B
Noteholders’ Interest Distribution Amount;
SEVENTH: to the Class B
Noteholders an amount sufficient to reduce the principal balance of
the Class B Notes to zero;
EIGHTH: to the Servicer, for any
unpaid Carryover Servicing Fees;
NINTH: to any potential future cap
counterparty under a potential future interest rate cap agreement,
any amounts owed pursuant to Section 2.1(kk) of the
Administration Agreement; and
TENTH: to the Excess Distribution
Certificateholder, any remaining funds after application of the
preceding clauses.
To the extent such Quarterly
Distribution Date will not coincide with a Quarterly Distribution
Date, the Indenture Trustee may fix a record date and payment date
for any payment to Noteholders pursuant to this subsection. At
least 15 days before such record date, the Indenture Trustee
shall mail to each Noteholder and the Issuer a notice that states
the record date, the payment date and the amount to be paid.
(c) [Reserved].
SECTION
5.5 Optional Preservation of the Trust Student
Loans . If the Notes have been declared to be due and payable
under Section 5.2 following an Event of Default and such
declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and
annulled, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, elect to
maintain possession of the Indenture Trust Estate. It is the desire
of the parties hereto and the Noteholders that there be at all
times sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and interest
on the Notes, and the Indenture Trustee shall take such desire into
account when determining whether or not to maintain possession of
the Indenture Trust Estate. In determining whether to maintain
possession of the Indenture Trust Estate, the Indenture Trustee
may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an opinion of an
Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national
reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to
the sufficiency of the Indenture Trust Estate for such purpose.
SECTION
5.6 Limitation of Suits . No Noteholder shall
have any right to institute any Proceeding, judicial or otherwise,
with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a
receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:
(i) such Noteholder has
previously given written notice to the Indenture Trustee of a
continuing Event of Default;
(ii) the Noteholders of
not less than 25% of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling
Notes have made written request to the Indenture Trustee to
institute such Proceeding in respect of such Event of Default in
its own name as Indenture Trustee hereunder;
(iii) such Noteholder or
Noteholders have offered to the Indenture Trustee reasonable
indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be
incurred in complying with such request;
(iv) the Indenture
Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request
and offer of indemnity has failed to institute such Proceeding;
and
(v) no direction
inconsistent with such written request has been given to the
Indenture Trustee during such 60-day period by the Noteholders of
at least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling
Notes;
it being understood and intended that no one or more Noteholders
shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by
availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or
prejudice the rights of any other Noteholders or to obtain or to
seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Noteholders or
to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner
herein provided.
In the event the Indenture Trustee
shall receive conflicting or inconsistent requests and indemnity
from two or more groups of Noteholders, each representing less than
a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Notes, the
Indenture Trustee in its sole discretion may determine what action,
if any, shall be taken, notwithstanding any other provisions of
this Indenture.
SECTION
5.7 Unconditional Rights of Noteholders to Receive
Principal and Interest . Notwithstanding any other provisions
in this Indenture, each Noteholder shall have the right, which is
absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of
and interest on its Note on or after the respective due dates
thereof expressed in such Note or in this Indenture (or, in the
case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date) and to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such
right shall not be impaired without the consent of such
Noteholder.
SECTION
5.8 Restoration of Rights and Remedies . If the
Indenture Trustee or any Noteholder has instituted any Proceeding
to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such
Proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason or has
been determined adversely to the Indenture Trustee or to such
Noteholder, then and in every such case the Issuer, the Indenture
Trustee and the Noteholders shall, subject to any determination in
such Proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their
former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies
of the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall continue as
though no such Proceeding had been instituted.
SECTION
5.9 Rights and Remedies Cumulative . No right or
remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Indenture Trustee
or to the Noteholders is intended to be exclusive of any other
right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent
permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other
right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at
law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any
right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the
concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right
or remedy.
SECTION
5.10 Delay or Omission Not a Waiver . No delay
or omission of the Indenture Trustee or any Noteholder to exercise
any right or remedy accruing upon any Default shall impair any such
right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Default or an
acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this
Article V or by law to the Indenture Trustee or to the
Noteholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may
be deemed expedient, by the Indenture Trustee or by the
Noteholders, as the case may be.
SECTION
5.11 Control by Noteholders . The Noteholders of
at least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling
Notes shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture
Trustee with respect to the Notes or exercising any trust or power
conferred on the Indenture Trustee; provided that
(i) such direction shall
not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture;
(ii) subject to the
express terms of Section 5.4, any direction to the Indenture
Trustee to sell or liquidate the Indenture Trust Estate shall be by
the Noteholders of not less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of
the Controlling Notes;
(iii) if the conditions
set forth in Section 5.5 have been satisfied and the Indenture
Trustee elects to retain the Indenture Trust Estate pursuant to
such Section, then any direction to the Indenture Trustee by
Noteholders of less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the
Controlling Notes to sell or liquidate the Indenture Trust Estate
shall be of no force and effect; and
(iv) the Indenture
Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Indenture
Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction;
provided , however , that, subject to
Section 6.1, the Indenture Trustee need not take any action
that it determines might involve it in liability or might
materially adversely affect the rights of any Noteholders not
consenting to such action.
SECTION
5.12 Waiver of Past Defaults . Prior to the time
a judgment or decree for payment of money due has been obtained as
described in Section 5.2, the Noteholders of at least a
majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Notes may
waive any past Default and its consequences except a Default
(a) in payment when due of principal of or interest on any of
the Notes or (b) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof
which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each
Noteholder. In the case of any such waiver, the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall be restored to their
former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair
any right consequent thereto.
Upon any such waiver, such Default
shall cease to exist and be deemed to have been cured and not to
have occurred for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair
any right consequent thereto.
SECTION
5.13 Undertaking for Costs . All parties to this
Indenture agree, and each Noteholder by such Noteholder’s
acceptance of any Note shall be deemed to have agreed, that any
court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the
enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any
suit against the Indenture Trustee for any action taken, suffered
or omitted by it as Indenture Trustee, the filing by any party
litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such
suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable
costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any
party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant;
but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to (a) any
suit instituted by the Indenture Trustee, (b) any suit
instituted by any Noteholder, or group of Noteholders, in each case
holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the Outstanding Amount of
the Controlling Notes or (c) any suit instituted by any
Noteholder for the enforcement of the payment of principal of or
interest on any Note on or after the respective due dates expressed
in such Note and in this Indenture (or, in the case of redemption,
on or after the Redemption Date).
SECTION
5.14 Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws . The
Issuer covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it
will not at any time insist upon, or plead or in any manner
whatsoever, claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or
extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in
force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this
Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do
so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such
law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the
execution of any power herein granted to the Indenture Trustee, but
will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though
no such law had been enacted.
SECTION
5.15 Action on Notes . The Indenture
Trustee’s right to seek and recover judgment on the Notes or
under this Indenture shall not be affected by the seeking,
obtaining or application of any other relief under or with respect
to this Indenture. Neither the lien of this Indenture nor any
rights or remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders
shall be impaired by the recovery of any judgment by the Indenture
Trustee against the Issuer or by the levy of any execution under
such judgment upon any portion of the Indenture Trust Estate or
upon any of the assets of the Issuer. Any money or property
collected by the Indenture Trustee shall be applied in accordance
with Section 5.4(b).
SECTION
5.16 Performance and Enforcement of Certain
Obligations .
(a) Promptly following a
request from the Indenture Trustee to do so and at the
Administrator’s expense, the Issuer shall take all such
lawful action as the Indenture Trustee may request to compel or
secure the performance and observance by the Depositor, SLM ECFC,
Bluemont Funding, Town Center Funding, Town Hall Funding, the
Administrator and the Servicer, as applicable, of each of their
respective obligations to the Issuer, whether directly or by
assignment, under or in connection with the Sale Agreement, the SLM
ECFC Purchase Agreement, the Bluemont Funding Purchase Agreement,
the Town Center Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Hall Funding
Purchase Agreement, the Administration Agreement and the Servicing
Agreement, respectively, in accordance with the terms thereof, and
to exercise any and all rights, remedies, powers and privileges
lawfully available to the Issuer under or in connection with the
Sale Agreement, the SLM ECFC Purchase Agreement, the Bluemont
Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Center Funding Purchase
Agreement, the Town Hall Funding Purchase Agreement, the
Administration Agreement and the Servicing Agreement, as the case
may be, to the extent and in the manner directed by the Indenture
Trustee, including the transmission of notices of default on the
part of the Depositor, SLM ECFC, Bluemont Funding, Town Center
Funding, Town Hall Funding, the Administrator or the Servicer
thereunder and the institution of legal or administrative actions
or proceedings to compel or secure performance by the Depositor,
SLM ECFC, Bluemont Funding, Town Center Funding, Town Hall Funding,
the Administrator or the Servicer of each of their obligations
under the Sale Agreement, the SLM ECFC Purchase Agreement, the
Bluemont Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Center Funding
Purchase Agreement, the Town Hall Funding Purchase Agreement, the
Administration Agreement and the Servicing Agreement,
respectively.
(b) If an Event of
Default has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee may,
and at the written direction of the Noteholders of 66-2/3% of the
Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Notes shall, exercise all
rights, remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuer
against the Depositor, SLM ECFC, Bluemont Funding, Town Center
Funding, Town Hall Funding, the Administrator or the Servicer under
or in connection with the Sale Agreement, the SLM ECFC Purchase
Agreement, the Bluemont Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Center
Funding Purchase Agreement, the Town Hall Funding Purchase
Agreement, the Administration Agreement and the S