FOURTH
FORBEARANCE AGREEMENT
AND AMENDMENT
NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
FOURTH
FORBEARANCE AGREEMENT AND AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT,
dated as of May 7, 2009 (this “ Agreement ”), by
and among Haights Cross Operating Company (the “
Borrower ”), the entities listed as
“Guarantors” on the signature pages hereto (the “
Guarantors ”), the entities listed as
“Lenders” on the signature pages hereto (the “
Lenders ”), and DDJ Capital Management, LLC, as
administrative agent and collateral agent for the Lenders (the
“ Agent ”).
RECITALS
A. The
Borrower, the Guarantors, the Lenders and the Agent are parties to
that certain Credit Agreement dated as of August 15, 2008 (as
amended, and as the same may be further amended, modified,
supplemented, extended, renewed, restated or replaced, the “
Credit Agreement ”), pursuant to which the Lenders
made certain loans to the Borrower.
B. The
Borrower has advised the Agent that the Borrowers and the
Guarantors (i) are not able to timely deliver the financial
statements and/or other deliverables required to be delivered to
the Agent and Lenders pursuant to Sections 6.1(a) and 6.1(d) of the
Credit Agreement for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
and the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009 and/or deliver other
materials in compliance with the provisions of Section 6.1(a) of
the Credit Agreement for such periods (the “ Specified
Financial Information ”), (ii) are not able to timely
file with the SEC and/or timely deliver to certain other Persons,
in each case, in accordance with the Senior Note Documents and the
Discount Note Documents, the following reports (x) report on 10-K
required to be filed with the SEC and otherwise delivered for the
Borrower’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, (y) any
current reports on 8-K required to be filed with the SEC and
otherwise delivered after such 10-K is required to be filed with
respect to the Borrower’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
and (z) report on 10-Q required to be filed with the SEC and
otherwise delivered for the Borrower’s fiscal quarter ended
March 31, 2009 (collectively, the “ Indenture Financial
Reports ”), and (iii) believe that they are in compliance
with the financial covenants in Section 7.10 of the Credit
Agreements as of the test dates of September 30, 2008, December 31,
2008 and March 31, 2009 as set forth in the Compliance
Certificates that the Borrower delivered to the Agent in accordance
with the Credit Agreement for such periods (collectively, the
“ Specified Financial Covenants ”), but
understand that the Agent and the Lenders, upon further review and
consideration, may decide that the Borrowers and Guarantors
inappropriately calculated certain of the Specified Financial
Covenants, and have requested that the Agent and the Lenders
refrain from declaring a Default or Event of Default, if any is
determined to exist, with respect to the Specified Financial
Covenants solely during the Forbearance Period (any such Default or
Event of Default that may be determined to exist as a result of the
calculation of the Specified Financial Covenants, the “
Specified Financial Covenant Defaults ”).
C. The
failure of the Borrower and the Guarantors to timely deliver the
Specified Financial Information to the Agent and the Lenders
pursuant to Section 6.1(a) of the Credit Agreement constitutes an
Event of Default under Section 8.1(c) of the Credit Agreement (such
Event of Default being referred to herein as the “
Specified Financial Information Defaults ”), and the
failure of the Borrowers and the Guarantors to timely file and/or
deliver the Indenture Financial Reports constitutes an Event of
Default under Section 8.1(f) of the Credit Agreement (together with
the Specified Financial Information Defaults, the “
Financial Reporting Defaults ”, and collectively with
the Specified Financial Covenant Defaults, the “ Specified
Forbearance Items ”).
D. The
Borrower previously requested that the Agent and the Lenders
temporarily forbear from exercising their rights and remedies
solely as a result of the Financial Reporting Defaults to enable
the Borrower and the Guarantors to develop and present a proposed
plan for restructuring certain of the obligations of Borrower and
one or more of the Guarantors, including, the Obligations, and the
Agent, the Lenders, the Borrower and the Guarantors entered into
(i) a Forbearance Agreement dated April 15, 2009 (the “
Initial Forbearance Agreement ”), pursuant to which
the Agent and the Lenders agreed, subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Initial Forbearance Agreement, to
temporarily forbear from exercising their rights and remedies
solely as a result of the Financial Reporting Defaults until
April 24, 2009, (ii) a Second Forbearance Agreement dated
April 23, 2009 (the “ Second Forbearance Agreement
”), pursuant to which the Agent and the Lenders agreed,
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Second
Forbearance Agreement, to temporarily forbear from exercising their
rights and remedies solely as a result of the Financial Reporting
Defaults until May 1, 2009 and (iii) a Third Forbearance Agreement
dated May 1, 2009, as amended (the “ Third Forbearance
Agreement ” and, together with the Initial Forbearance
Agreement and the Second Forbearance Agreement, the “
Prior Forbearance Agreements ”) pursuant to which the
Agent and the Required Lenders agreed, subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Third Forbearance Agreement, to
temporarily forbear from exercising their rights and remedies
solely as a result of the Financial Reporting Defaults until May 7,
2009.
E. The
Borrower has now requested that the Agent and the Lenders continue
to temporarily forbear from exercising their rights and remedies
solely as a result of the Financial Reporting Defaults and the
Specified Financial Covenant Defaults to enable the Borrower and
the Guarantors additional time to develop and present a proposed
restructuring plan.
F. The
Agent and the Lenders are willing to continue to temporarily
forbear from exercising their rights and remedies (other than as
expressly set forth in this Agreement) solely as a result of the
Financial Reporting Defaults and the Specified Financial Covenant
Defaults for the period and on the terms and conditions specified
in this Agreement.
G. In
consideration of the temporary forbearance by the Agent and the
Lenders described in this Agreement, the Credit Parties have agreed
with the Agent and the Lenders to amend the Credit Agreement to,
among other things, increase the rate of interest payable
thereunder and modify the dates on which accrued interest shall be
due and payable thereunder, all as more particularly described in
this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE,
in consideration of the foregoing, and the respective agreements,
warranties and covenants contained herein, the parties hereto
agree, covenant and warrant as follows:
SECTION
1. INTERPRETATION;
PRIOR FORBEARANCE AGREEMENTS
1.1
Defined Terms. All capitalized terms used herein
(including the recitals hereto) shall have the respective meanings
assigned thereto in the Credit Agreement unless otherwise defined
herein.
1.2
Prior Forbearance Agreements . Upon the execution
and delivery of the Second Forbearance Agreement, the Second
Forbearance
Agreement superseded the Initial Forbearance Agreement and the
Initial Forbearance Agreement was deemed terminated, null and void
and upon the execution and delivery of the Third Forbearance
Agreement, the Third Forbearance Agreement superseded the Second
Forbearance Agreement and the Second Forbearance
Agreement was deemed terminated, null and void. It is
the intent of the parties hereto that upon execution and delivery
of this Agreement, this Agreement shall supersede the Third
Forbearance Agreement and the Third Forbearance Agreement shall be
deemed terminated, null and void.
SECTION
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2.1
Acknowledgement of Obligations. The Borrower
hereby acknowledges, confirms and agrees that as of the close of
business on May 6, 2009, the Borrower is indebted to the Lenders in
respect of the Loans in the principal amount of
$108,200,000. The Borrower and the Guarantors hereby
jointly and severally acknowledge, confirm and agree that the
Loans, together with all interest accrued and accruing thereon, and
fees, costs, expenses and other charges now or hereafter payable by
the Borrower to the Agent and the Lenders pursuant to the terms and
provisions of the Loan Documents, are unconditionally owing by the
Borrower, without offset, defense or counterclaim of any kind,
nature or description whatsoever.
2.2
Acknowledgement of Security Interests. The
Borrower and the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally
acknowledge, confirm and agree that the Agent, for the benefit of
the itself and the Lenders, holds and shall continue to hold valid,
enforceable and perfected first-priority Liens upon and security
interests and mortgages, as applicable, in the Collateral
heretofore granted to the Agent pursuant to the Loan Documents
(subject to Permitted Liens).
2.3
Binding Effect of Loan Documents. The Borrower
and the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally acknowledge,
confirm and agree that: (a) each of the Loan Documents
to which the Borrower or any Guarantor is a party has been duly
executed and delivered by the Borrower or such Guarantor, as
applicable, and each is in full force and effect as of the date
hereof, (b) the agreements and obligations of the Borrower and
the Guarantors contained in the Loan Documents and in this
Agreement constitute the legal, valid and binding Obligations of
the Borrower and the Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower
and the Guarantors in accordance with their respective terms, and
neither the Borrower nor the Guarantors has any valid defense to
the enforcement of such Obligations, in each case, subject to
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or
other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject
to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered
in a proceeding in equity or law, and (c) subject to Section 3.2
hereof, the Agent and the Lenders are and shall be entitled to the
rights, remedies and benefits provided for in the Loan Documents
and applicable law.
SECTION
3. FORBEARANCE
IN RESPECT OF EVENTS OF DEFAULT
3.1
Acknowledgement of Events of Default . The
Borrower and the Guarantors hereby jointly and severally
acknowledge and agree that (a) the Financial Reporting Defaults
constitute “Events of Default” under the Credit
Agreement, (b) the Specified Financial Information Default is not
subject to cure, and (c) subject to Section 3.2 hereof, the
Financial Reporting Defaults entitle the Agent and the Lenders to
exercise their rights and remedies under the Loan Documents and
applicable law. The Borrower and the Guarantors hereby
jointly and severally further represent and warrant that as of the
date hereof no other Defaults or Events of Default exist under the
Loan Documents. The Borrower and the Guarantors hereby
jointly and severally acknowledge and agree that, subject to
Section 3.2 hereof, the Agent and the Lenders have the present
right to exercise all remedies available under the Loan Documents
and applicable law.
(a) In
reliance upon the representations, warranties and covenants of the
Borrower and the Guarantors contained in this Agreement, and
subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and any
documents or instruments executed in connection herewith, the Agent
and the Lenders hereby agree to forbear from exercising, or causing
the exercise of, their rights and remedies under the Loan Documents
or applicable law solely in respect of or arising out of the
Specified Forbearance Items (other than the right to charge
interest at the then applicable Post-Default Rate for the period
described in the first sentence of Section 5.5 of this Agreement)
for the period (the “ Forbearance Period ”)
commencing on April 15, 2009 and ending on the earliest to occur
of: (i) 6:00 p.m. (Boston, Massachusetts time) on June 5,
2009, (ii) the occurrence or existence of any Event of Default,
other than (x) the Financial Reporting Defaults and/or (y) the
Specified Financial Covenant Defaults or any breach of the second
sentence of Section 3.1 of this Agreement as a result thereof, and
(iii) the occurrence or existence of any “Event of
Default” (including, without limitation, any “Event of
Default” arising out of, or related to, the failure of the
Borrower and the Guarantors to timely file and/or deliver the
Indenture Financial Reports) under and as such term is defined in
the Senior Note Indenture and/or the Discount Note
Indenture.
(b) Upon
the termination of the Forbearance Period, the agreement of the
Agent and the Lenders to forbear from exercising their rights and
remedies with respect to the Financial Reporting Defaults and any
Specified Financial Covenant Defaults shall automatically and
without further action terminate and be of no force and effect, it
being expressly agreed that the effect of such termination will be
to permit the Agent and the Lenders to exercise, or cause the
exercise of, such rights and remedies immediately, without any
further notice, passage of time or forbearance of any
kind.
3.3 No
Waivers; Reservation of Rights.
(a) The
Agent and the Lenders have not waived, and are not by the execution
of this Agreement waiving, any Events of Default (including any of
the Specified Forbearance Items) which may be continuing on the
date hereof or any Events of Default which may hereafter occur
(whether such Events of Default are the same as or similar to any
of the Specified Forbearance Items or otherwise), and neither the
Agent nor the Lenders have agreed to forbear with respect to any of
their rights or remedies concerning any Events of Default (other
than, during the Forbearance Period, solely with respect to the
Specified Forbearance Items to the extent expressly set forth
herein), which may have occurred or are continuing as of the date
hereof or which may occur after the date hereof.
(b) Subject
to Section 3.2 above (solely with respect to the Specified
Forbearance Items), the Agent and the Lenders reserve the right, in
their discretion, to exercise, or cause the exercise of, any or all
of their rights and remedies under the Credit Agreement, the other
Loan Documents and applicable law as a result of any Events of
Default which may be continuing on the date hereof or any Event of
Default which may hereafter occur.
(c) Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower and the
Guarantors will not claim that any prior action or course of
conduct by the Agent or the Lenders, including, without limitation
the execution and delivery of this Agreement or any Prior
Forbearance Agreement, constitutes an agreement or obligation to
continue such action or course of conduct in the
future. Each of the Borrower and the Guarantors
acknowledges that the Agent and the Lenders have not made any
commitment as to how or whether the Financial Reporting Defaults
will be resolved upon termination or expiration of the Forbearance
Period.
(d) Except
as set forth in Section 4 of this Agreement, nothing in this
Agreement shall be construed as an amendment to the Credit
Agreement or any other Loan Document. The Credit
Agreement and the other Loan Documents are in full force and
effect, and shall remain in full force and effect unless and until
an agreement modifying the Credit Agreement or another Loan
Document is executed and delivered by the applicable parties, and
then only to the extent such agreement actually modifies such
documents.
3.4
Restructuring Transactions; Indicative Term Sheet
. The Agent, the Lenders and the Credit Parties have
been discussing the terms of a proposed plan for restructuring
certain of the obligations of the Credit Parties, including the
Obligations, and the Agent has distributed to the Borrower and the
Lenders a draft Restructuring Transaction Term Sheet dated May 7,
2009 (the “ Restructuring Term Sheet ”), which
Restructuring Term Sheet reflects a summary of the preliminary
indicative terms and conditions that the Agent, the Lenders and the
Credit Parties are considering in connection with the possible
restructuring of certain Indebtedness of the Credit Parties (the
“ Restructuring Transactions ”). The
parties to this Agreement acknowledge and agree that the
Restructuring Term Sheet is for discussion purposes only and does
not constitute a commitment by the Credit Parties, the Agent or any
Lender to enter into the Restructuring Transactions or to consent
or agree to any restructuring of the Term Loans. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing: (i) the
Restructuring Term Sheet does not constitute a commitment by the
Agent or any Lender to make additional Loans or enter into any
other transaction; and (ii) if the Agent and the Lenders
agree, in their sole discretion, to issue any commitment with
respect to the Restructuring Transactions, the issuance of such
commitment shall be subject to the satisfaction of certain
conditions, which conditions shall include, without
limitation:
(a) receipt
by the Agent and the Lenders of a quality of earnings analysis (the
“ Quality of Earnings Report ”) prepared by CTS
Capital Advisors, or such other advisor reasonably satisfactory to
the Required Lenders (the “ Quality of Earnings Report
Preparer ”);
(b) receipt
by the Agent and the Lenders of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
the Agent and the Lenders that (i) the Indenture Financial Reports
have been filed with the SEC and (ii) any defaults under the Senior
Note Documents and the Discount Note Documents arising from the
failure by the Credit Parties to file the Indenture Financial
Reports have been cured; and
(c) receipt
by the Agent and the Lenders of weekly updates (which updates may
be made by telephonic meeting) with respect to the status of the
Restructuring Transactions, including, without limitation, the
status of the Credit Parties’ discussions with holders of the
Senior Discount Notes.
It is
understood that the foregoing list of conditions and the terms and
conditions set forth in the Restructuring Term Sheet are neither
intended to constitute all of the conditions applicable to any
issuance of a commitment with respect to the Restructuring
Transactions, nor intended to constitute all of the terms and
conditions applicable to the Restructuring Transactions.
SECTION
4. AMENDMENTS
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
Effective as of
the date of this Agreement, the Credit Agreement is hereby amended
as follows:
4.1
Amendments to Section 1.1 of Credit Agreement.
Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended
by (a) deleting the defined term “ Applicable Margin
” and replacing such defined term with the following new
defined term “Applicable Margin” and (b) inserting the
following new defined term “ First Amendment Effective
Date ” in the appropriate alphabetical order:
“
Applicable Margin ” means (a) for Base Rate Loans,
11.00% per annum and (b) for LIBOR Loans, 12.25% per
annum.
“
First Amendment Effective Date ” means May 7, 2009,
the effective date of that certain Fourth Forbearance Agreement and
Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, amending this
Agreement.
4.2
Amendment to Section 2.1(b) of Credit Agreement
. Section 2.1(b) of the Credit Agreement is hereby
amended and restated in its entirety, as follows:
(b)
Interest on the Term Loans .
(i) Subject
to Section 2.2 hereof, the outstanding principal amount of the Term
Loans shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to either (x)
the Adjusted Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin or (y) the Three
Month LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Margin, as the Borrower may
elect in accordance with Section 2.2(a). Notwithstanding
the foregoing, (i) any portion of the Term Loans which is not paid
when due or within any applicable grace or cure period shall
automatically bear interest until paid in full at the Post-Default
Rate, (ii) during the period when any Event of Default of the type
described in clauses (g), (h) or (i) of Section 8.1 shall have
occurred and be continuing, the outstanding principal balance of
the Term Loans shall automatically bear interest, after as well as
before judgment, at the Post-Default Rate, (iii) if there
shall occur and be continuing any Event of Default (other than an
Event of Default of the type described in clauses (g), (h) or
(i) of Section 8.1), following written notice delivered to the
Borrower from the Agent at the request of the Required Lenders, the
outstanding principal balance of the Term Loans shall bear
interest, after as well as before judgment, at the Post-Default
Rate during the period beginning on the date such Event of Default
first occurred, and ending on the date such Event of Default is
cured or waived. Except as otherwise expresssly
permitted under clause (ii) of this Section 2.1(b), accrued
interest on the outstanding principal balance of the Term Loans,
whether constituting Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Loans, shall be
payable in cash in arrears on the last Business Day of each month;
provided that interest accrued at the Post-Default Rate
shall be payable on deman
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