Exhibit 10.4
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
between
KBS REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST,
INC.
and
KBS CAPITAL ADVISORS LLC
November 8, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE 1 - DEFINITIONS
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1
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ARTICLE 2 - APPOINTMENT
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9
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ARTICLE 3 - DUTIES OF THE ADVISOR
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9
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3.01
Organizational and Offering Services
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9
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3.02
Acquisition Services
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9
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3.03 Asset
Management Services
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10
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3.04
Stockholder Services
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13
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3.05 Other
Services
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13
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ARTICLE 4 - AUTHORITY OF ADVISOR
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13
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4.01
General
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13
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4.02 Powers of
the Advisor
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13
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4.03 Approval
by the Board of Directors
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14
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4.04
Modification or Revocation of Authority of Advisor
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14
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ARTICLE 5 - BANK ACCOUNTS
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14
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ARTICLE 6 - RECORDS AND FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
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14
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ARTICLE 7 - LIMITATION ON ACTIVITIES
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15
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ARTICLE 8 - FEES
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15
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8.01
Acquisition Fees
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15
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8.02 Asset
Management Fees
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16
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8.03
Disposition Fees
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17
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8.04
Subordinated Share of Cash Flows
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17
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8.05
Subordinated Incentive Fee
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18
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8.06 Changes to
Fee Structure
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18
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ARTICLE 9 - EXPENSES
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18
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9.01
General
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18
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9.02 Timing of
and Limitations on Reimbursements
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20
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ARTICLE 10 – VOTING AGREEMENT
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21
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ARTICLE 11 - RELATIONSHIP OF ADVISOR AND
COMPANY; OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE ADVISOR
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21
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11.01
Relationship
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21
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11.02 Time
Commitment
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21
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11.03
Investment Opportunities and Allocation
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22
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ARTICLE 12 - THE KBS NAME
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22
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ARTICLE 13 - TERM AND TERMINATION OF THE
AGREEMENT
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22
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13.01
Term
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22
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13.02
Termination by Either Party
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23
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13.03 Payments
on Termination and Survival of Certain Rights and
Obligations
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23
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ARTICLE 14 - ASSIGNMENT
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23
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ARTICLE 15 - INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF
LIABILITY
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24
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ARTICLE 16 - ADVANCE
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24
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ARTICLE 17 - MISCELLANEOUS
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24
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17.01
Notices
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24
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17.02 Modification
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25
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17.03 Severability
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25
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17.04 Construction
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25
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17.05 Entire Agreement
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25
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17.06 Waiver
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25
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17.07 Gender
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26
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17.08 Titles Not to Affect
Interpretation
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26
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17.09 Counterparts
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26
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ii
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
This Advisory Agreement, dated as of
November 8, 2008 (the “Agreement”), is between KBS
Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the
“Company”), and KBS Capital Advisors LLC, a Delaware
limited liability company (the “Advisor”).
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Company desires to
avail itself of the knowledge, experience, sources of information,
advice, assistance and certain facilities available to the Advisor
and to have the Advisor undertake the duties and responsibilities
hereinafter set forth, on behalf of, and subject to the supervision
of, the Board of Directors of the Company, all as provided herein;
and
WHEREAS, the Advisor is willing to
undertake to render such services, subject to the supervision of
the Board of Directors of the Company, on the terms and conditions
hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained
herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS
The following defined terms used in
this Agreement shall have the meanings specified below:
“Acquisition Expenses”
means any and all expenses, excluding the fee payable to the
Advisor pursuant to Section 8.01, incurred by the Company, the
Advisor or any Affiliate of either in connection with the
selection, acquisition or development of any property, loan or
other potential investment, whether or not acquired or originated,
as applicable, including, without limitation, legal fees and
expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals,
nonrefundable option payments on properties or other investments
not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, and title insurance
premiums.
“Acquisition Fees” means
the fee payable to the Advisor pursuant to Section 8.01 plus
all other fees and commissions, excluding Acquisition Expenses,
paid by any Person to any Person in connection with making or
investing in any Property, Loan or other Permitted Investment or
the purchase, development or construction of any Property by the
Company. Included in the computation of such fees or commissions
shall be any real estate commission, selection fee, Development
Fee, Construction Fee, nonrecurring management fee, loan fees or
points or any fee of a similar nature, however designated. Excluded
shall be Development Fees and Construction Fees paid to Persons
not
Affiliated with the Advisor in connection with
the actual development and construction of a Property.
“Advance” shall have the
meaning set forth in Article 16.
“Advisor” means
(i) KBS Capital Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, or (ii) any successor advisor to the
Company.
“Affiliate or
Affiliated.” An Affiliate of another Person includes any of
the following: (i) any Person directly or indirectly
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such other
Person; (ii) any Person directly or indirectly owning,
controlling, or holding with the power to vote 10% or more of the
outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (iii) any
legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer,
director, trustee, or general partner; (iv) any Person 10% or
more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or
indirectly owned, controlled, or held, with power to vote, by such
other Person; and (v) any executive officer, director,
trustee, or general partner of such other Person. An entity shall
not be deemed to control or be under common control with an
Advisor-sponsored program unless (i) the entity owns 10% or
more of the voting equity interests of such program or (ii) a
majority of the board (or equivalent governing body) of such
program is comprised of Affiliates of the entity.
“Appraised Value” means
the value according to an appraisal made by an Independent
Appraiser.
“Articles of
Incorporation” means the Articles of Incorporation of the
Company under Title 2 of the Corporations and Associations Article
of the Annotated Code of Maryland, as amended from time to
time.
“Asset Management Fee”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 8.02.
“Average Invested
Assets” means, for a specified period, the average of the
aggregate book value of the assets of the Company invested,
directly or indirectly, in Properties, Loans and other Permitted
Investments secured by real estate before reserves for depreciation
or bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves, computed by taking
the average of such values at the end of each month during such
period.
“Board of Directors or
Board” means the persons holding such office, as of any
particular time, under the Articles of Incorporation of the
Company, whether they be the Directors named therein or additional
or successor Directors.
“Bylaws” means the
bylaws of the Company, as amended from time to time.
“Cash from Financings”
means the net cash proceeds realized by the Company from the
financing of Properties, Loans or other Permitted Investments or
from the refinancing of any Company indebtedness (after deduction
of all expenses incurred in connection therewith).
2
“Cash from Sales and
Settlements” means the net cash proceeds realized by the
Company (i) from the sale, exchange or other disposition of
any of its assets or any portion thereof after deduction of all
expenses incurred in connection therewith and (ii) from the
prepayment, maturity, workout or other settlement of any loan or
debt-related investment or portion thereof after deduction of all
expenses incurred in connection therewith. In the case of a
transaction described in clause (i) (C) of the definition
of “Sale” and (i)(B) of the definition of
“Settlement,” Cash From Sales and Settlements means the
proceeds of any such transaction actually distributed to the
Company from the Joint Venture or partnership. Cash from Sales and
Settlements shall not include Cash from Financings.
“Cash from Sales, Settlements
and Financings” means the total sum of Cash from Sales and
Settlements and Cash from Financings.
“Code” means the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any
successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Code
shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the
same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as
interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to
time.
“Company” means KBS Real
Estate Investment Trust, Inc., a corporation organized under the
laws of the State of Maryland.
“Competitive Real Estate
Commission” means a real estate or brokerage commission for
the purchase or sale of property that is reasonable, customary, and
competitive in light of the size, type, and location of the
property.
“Conflicts Committee”
shall have the meaning set forth in the Company’s Articles of
Incorporation.
“Construction Fee” means
a fee or other remuneration for acting as general contractor and/or
construction manager to construct improvements, supervise and
coordinate projects or to provide major repairs or rehabilitation
on a Property.
“Contract Sales Price”
means the total consideration received by the Company for the sale
of a Property, Loan or other Permitted Investment.
“Cost of JV Investment”
shall equal the product of (i) the amount actually paid or
allocated to the purchase, development, construction or improvement
of Properties by the New Leaf – KBS JV, LLC, inclusive of
expenses related thereto, and the amount of any outstanding debt
associated with such Properties and the venture and (ii) the
percentage that represents the Company’s economic interest in
New Leaf – KBS JV, LLC.
“Cost of Real Estate
Investments” means the sum of (i) with respect to
Properties wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company,
the amount actually paid or allocated to the purchase, development,
construction or improvement of Properties, inclusive of expenses
related thereto, plus the amount of any outstanding debt
attributable to such Properties and (ii) in the case of
Properties owned by any Joint Venture or
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partnership in which the Company is a
co-venturer or partner, the portion of the amount actually paid or
allocated to the purchase, development, construction or improvement
of Properties, inclusive of expenses related thereto, plus the
amount of any outstanding debt associated with such Properties that
is attributable to the Company’s investment in the Joint
Venture or partnership.
“Dealer Manager” means
(i) KBS Capital Markets Group LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company, or (ii) any successor dealer manager to the
Company.
“Development Fee” means
a fee for the packaging of a Property, including negotiating and
approving plans, and undertaking to assist in obtaining zoning and
necessary variances and necessary financing for the Property,
either initially or at a later date.
“Director” means a
member of the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Disposition Fee” shall
have the meaning set forth in Section 8.03.
“Distributions” means
any distributions of money or other property by the Company to
owners of Shares, including distributions that may constitute a
return of capital for federal income tax purposes.
“GAAP” means accounting
principals generally accepted in the United States.
“Gross Proceeds” means
the aggregate purchase price of all Shares sold for the account of
the Company through an Offering, without deduction for Organization
and Offering Expenses.
“Independent Appraiser”
means a person or entity with no material current or prior business
or personal relationship with the Advisor or the Directors, who is
engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering
opinions regarding the value of assets of the type held by the
Company, and who is a qualified appraiser of real estate as
determined by the Board. Membership in a nationally recognized
appraisal society such as the American Institute of Real Estate
Appraisers (“M.A.I.”) or the Society of Real Estate
Appraisers (“S.R.E.A.”) shall be conclusive evidence of
such qualification.
“Invested Capital” means
the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of Shares
purchased by Stockholders by the issue price, reduced by any
amounts paid by the Company to repurchase Shares pursuant to the
Company’s plan for redemption of Shares.
“Joint Venture” means
any joint venture, limited liability company or other Affiliate of
the Company that owns, in whole or in part, on behalf of the
Company any Properties, Loans or other Permitted
Investments.
“Listed” or
“Listing” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Company’s Articles of Incorporation.
4
“Loans” means mortgage
loans and other types of debt financing purchased by the Company,
including, without limitation, mezzanine loans, B-notes, bridge
loans, convertible mortgages, wraparound mortgage loans,
construction mortgage loans, loans on leasehold interests and
participations in such loans.
“NASAA Guidelines” means
the NASAA Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment
Trusts as in effect on the date hereof.
“New Leaf-KBS Management
Fee” has the meaning set forth in
Section 8.02(ii).
“Net Income” means, for
any period, the total revenues applicable to such period, less the
total expenses applicable to such period excluding additions to
reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash
reserves; provided, however, Net Income for purposes of calculating
total allowable Operating Expenses (as defined herein) shall
exclude the gain from the sale of the Company’s
assets.
“Offering” means any
offering of Shares that is registered with the SEC, excluding
Shares offered under any employee benefit plan.
“Operating Cash Flow”
means Operating Revenue Cash Flows minus the sum of
(i) Operating Expenses, (ii) all principal and interest
payments on indebtedness and other sums paid to lenders,
(iii) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and
Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting,
brokerage, listing, registration, and other fees, printing and
other such expenses and tax incurred in connection with the
issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing of the
Shares, (iv) taxes, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance
with Section IV.F. of the NASAA Guidelines and
(vi) Acquisition Fees, Acquisition Expenses, real estate
commissions on resale of property, and other expenses connected
with the acquisition, disposition, and ownership of real estate
interests, mortgage loans or other property (such as the costs of
foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance,
repair and improvement of property).
“Operating Expenses”
means all costs and expenses incurred by the Company, as determined
under GAAP, which in any way are related to the operation of the
Company or to Company business, including fees paid to the Advisor,
but excluding (i) the expenses of raising capital such as
Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting,
underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration, and other fees,
printing and other such expenses and tax incurred in connection
with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing
of the Shares, (ii) interest payments, (iii) taxes,
(iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization
and bad loan reserves, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance
with Section IV.F. of the NASAA Guidelines and
(vi) Acquisition Fees, Acquisition Expenses, real estate
commissions on resale of property, and other expenses connected
with the acquisition, disposition, and ownership of real estate
interests, mortgage loans or other property (such as the costs of
foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance,
repair and improvement of property).
“Operating Revenue Cash
Flows” means the Company’s cash flow from ownership and
operation of Properties, Loans, interests in Properties owned by
any Joint
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Venture or partnership in which the Company is a
co-venturer or partner, Permitted Investments, and short-term
investments.
“Organization and Offering
Expenses” means all expenses incurred by or on behalf of the
Company in connection with and in preparing the Company for
registration of and subsequently offering and distributing its
Shares to the public, whether incurred before or after the date of
this Agreement, which may include but are not limited to, total
underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including
fees of the underwriters’ attorneys); any expense allowance
granted by the Company to the underwriter or any reimbursement of
expenses of the underwriter by the Company; expenses for printing,
engraving and mailing; salaries of employees while engaged in sales
activity; charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow
holders, depositaries and experts; and expenses of qualification of
the sale of the securities under Federal and State laws, including
taxes and fees, accountants’ and attorneys’
fees.
“Partnership” means KBS
Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership formed to own
and operate Properties, Loans and other Permitted Investments on
behalf of the Company.
“Performance Fee” has
the meaning set forth in Section 8.02(ii).
“Permitted Investments”
means all investments (other than Properties, Loans and interests
in Properties owned by any Joint Venture or partnership in which
the Company is a co-venturer or partner) that the Company may
acquire pursuant to its Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws and the
investment objectives and policies adopted by the Board of
Directors of the Company from time to time, other than short-term
investments acquired for purposes of cash management.
“Person” means an
individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a
trust qualified under Section 401(a) or 501(c) (17) of
the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be
used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c)
of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of
Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other
entity, or any government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof, and also includes a group as that term is used for
purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended.
“Property or Properties”
means any real property or properties transferred or conveyed to
the Company or the Partnership, either directly or indirectly,
and/or any real property or properties transferred or conveyed to a
Joint Venture or partnership in which the Company is a co-venturer
or partner.
“Property Manager” means
an entity that has been retained to perform and carry out at one or
more of the Properties property-management services, excluding
persons, entities or independent contractors retained or hired to
perform facility management or other services or tasks at a
particular Property, the costs for which are passed through to and
ultimately paid by the tenant at such Property.
6
“Registration Statement”
means the registration statement filed by the Company with the SEC
on Form S-11 (Reg. No. 333-126087), as amended from time to
time, in connection with the initial public offering of the
Company’s Shares.
“REIT” means a
“real estate investment trust” under Sections 856
through 860 of the Code.
“Sale or Sales” means
(i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby:
(A) the Company or the Partnership sells, grants, transfers,
conveys, or relinquishes its ownership of any Property, Loan or
other Permitted Investment or portion thereof, including the
transfer of any Property that is the subject of a ground lease, and
including any event with respect to any Property, Loan or other
Permitted Investment that gives rise to a significant amount of
insurance proceeds or condemnation awards; (B) the Company or
the Partnership sells, grants, transfers, conveys, or relinquishes
its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the
Company or the Partnership in any Joint Venture or partnership
which it is a co-venturer or partner; or (C) any Joint Venture
or partnership (in which the Company or the Partnership as a
co-venturer or partner) sells, grants, transfers, conveys, or
relinquishes its ownership of any Property, Loan or other Permitted
Investment or portion thereof, including any event with respect to
any Property, Loan or other Permitted Investment that gives rise to
insurance claims or condemnation awards, but (ii) not
including any transaction or series of transactions specified in
clause (i) (A), (i) (B), or (i) (C) above in
which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions
are reinvested in one or more Properties, Loans or other Permitted
Investments within 180 days thereafter.
“SEC” means the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Settlement” means
(i) the prepayment, maturity, workout or other settlement of
any Loan or other Permitted Investment or portion thereof owned by
(A) the Company or the Partnership or (B) any Joint
Venture or any partnership in which the Company or the Partnership
is a partner, but (ii) not including any transaction or series
of transactions specified in clause (i) (A) or
(i) (B) above in which the proceeds of such prepayment,
maturity, workout or other settlement are reinvested in one or more
Properties, Loans or other Permitted Investments within 180 days
thereafter.
“Shares” means the
shares of common stock of the Company, par value $.01 per
share.
“Stockholders” means the
registered holders of the Shares.
“Stockholders’ 8%
Return” means, as of any date, an aggregate amount equal to
an 8% cumulative, non-compounded, annual return on Invested Capital
(calculated like simple interest on a daily basis based on a three
hundred sixty-five day year). For purposes of calculating the
Stockholders’ 8% Return, Invested Capital shall be determined
for each day during the period for which the Stockholders’ 8%
Return is being calculated and shall be calculated net of
(1) Distributions of Operating Cash Flow to the extent such
Distributions of Operating Cash Flow provide a cumulative,
non-
7
compounded, annual return in excess of 8%, as
such amounts are computed on a daily basis based on a three hundred
sixty-five day year and (2) Distributions of Cash from Sales,
Settlements and Financings, except to the extent such Distributions
would be required to supplement Distributions of Operating Cash
Flow in order to achieve a cumulative, non-compounded, annual
return of 8%, as such amounts are computed on a daily basis based
on a three hundred sixty-five day year.
“Subordinated Incentive
Fee” means the fee payable to the Advisor under certain
circumstances if the Shares are Listed, as calculated in
Section 8.05.
“Subordinated Performance Fee
Due Upon Termination” means a fee payable in the form of an
interest bearing promissory note (the “Performance Fee
Note”) in a principal amount equal to (1) 15% of the
amount, if any, by which (a) the Appraised Value of the
Company’s Properties at the Termination Date, less amounts of
all indebtedness secured by the Company’s Properties, plus
the fair market value of all other Loans and Permitted Investments
of the Company at the Termination Date, less amounts of
indebtedness related to such Loans and Permitted Investments, plus
total Distributions (excluding any stock dividend) through the
Termination Date exceeds (b) the sum of Invested Capital plus
total Distributions required to be made to the stockholders in
order to pay the Stockholders’ 8% Return from inception
through the Termination Date less (2) any prior payment to the
Advisor of a Subordinated Share of Cash Flows. Interest on the
Performance Fee Note will accrue beginning on the Termination Date
at a rate deemed fair and reasonable by the Conflicts Committee.
The Company shall repay the Performance Fee Note at such time as
the Company completes the first Sale or Settlement after the
Termination Date using Cash from Sales and Settlements. If the Cash
from Sales and Settlements from the first Sale or Settlement after
the Termination Date is insufficient to pay the Performance Fee
Note in full, including accrued interest, then the Performance Fee
Note shall be paid in part from the Cash from Sales and Settlements
from the first Sale or Settlement, and in part from the Cash From
Sales and Settlements from each successive Sale or Settlement until
the Performance Fee Note is repaid in full, with interest. If the
Performance Fee Note has not been paid in full within five years
from the Termination Date, then the Advisor, its successors or
assigns, may elect to convert the balance of the fee, including
accrued but unpaid interest, into Shares at a price per Share equal
to the average closing price of the Shares over the ten trading
days immediately preceding the date of such election if the Shares
are Listed at such time. If the Shares are not Listed at such time,
the Advisor, its successors or assigns, may elect to convert the
balance of the fee, including accrued but unpaid interest, into
Shares at a price per Share equal to the fair market value for the
Shares as determined by the Board of Directors based upon the
Appraised Value of Company’s Properties on the date of
election plus the fair market value of all other Loans and
Permitted Investments of the Company on the date of
election.
“Subordinated Share of Cash
Flows” has the meaning set forth in
Section 8.04.
“Termination Date” means
the date of termination of the Agreement determined in accordance
with Article 13 hereof.
8
“2%/25% Guidelines”
means the requirement pursuant to the NASAA Guidelines that, in any
period of four consecutive fiscal quarters, total Operating
Expenses not exceed the greater of 2% of the Company’s
Average Invested Assets during such 12-month period or 25% of the
Company’s Net Income over the same 12-month
period.
“7% Return” has the
meaning set forth in Section 8.02(ii).
ARTICLE 2
APPOINTMENT
The Company hereby appoints the
Advisor to serve as its advisor and asset manager on the terms and
conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Advisor hereby
accepts such appointment.
ARTICLE 3
DUTIES OF THE ADVISOR
The Advisor is responsible for
managing, operating, directing and supervising the operations and
administration of the Company and its assets. The Advisor
undertakes to use its best efforts to present to the Company
potential investment opportunities and to provide the Company with
a continuing and suitable investment program consistent with the
investment objectives and policies of the Company as determined and
adopted from time to time by the Board of Directors. Subject to the
limitations set forth in this Agreement, including Article 4
hereof, and the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board of
Directors over the management of the Company, the Advisor shall,
either directly or by engaging an Affiliate or third party, perform
the following duties:
3.01 Organizational and Offering
Services. The Advisor shall perform all services related to the
organization of the Company or any Offering or private sale of the
Company’s securities other than services that (i) are to
be performed by the Dealer Manager, (ii) the Company elects to
perform directly or (iii) would require the Advisor to
register as a broker-dealer with the SEC or any state.
3.02 Acquisition
Services.
(i) Serve as the
Company’s investment and financial advisor and provide
relevant market research and economic and statistical data in
connection with the Company’s assets and investment
objectives and policies;
(ii) Subject to
Section 4 hereof and the investment objectives and policies of
the Company: (a) locate, analyze and select potential
investments; (b) structure and negotiate the terms and
conditions of transactions pursuant to which investments in
Properties, Loans and other Permitted Investments will be made;
(c) acquire, originate and dispose of Properties, Loans and
other Permitted
9
Investments on behalf of the
Company; (d) arrange for financing and refinancing and make
other changes in the asset or capital structure of investments in
Properties, Loans and other Permitted Investments; and