AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
FOREST ACQUISITION
CORPORATION
Dated as of February 17,
2007
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Page
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ARTICLE I THE
OFFER AND THE MERGER
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2
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The
Offer
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2
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Company
Actions
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5
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Directors
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The
Merger
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Effective
Time
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8
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Closing
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8
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Directors and
Officers of the Surviving Corporation
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Subsequent
Actions
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8
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Stockholders’ Meeting
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9
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Merger Without
Meeting of Stockholders
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10
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Option to
Acquire Additional Shares
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10
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ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES
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Conversion of
Capital Stock
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Exchange of
Certificates
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Dissenting
Shares
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Effect of the
Merger on Company Stock Options
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14
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Effect of the
Merger on Company Warrants
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15
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ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
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Qualification,
Organization, Subsidiaries, etc
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Capital
Stock
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Subsidiaries
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Corporate
Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation
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Reports and
Financial Statements
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19
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Internal
Controls and Procedures
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20
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No Undisclosed
Liabilities
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21
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Compliance with
Law; Permits
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21
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Environmental
Laws and Regulations
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22
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Employee
Benefit Plans
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Interested
Party Transactions
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-i-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Absence of
Certain Changes or Events
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Investigations;
Litigation
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Information in
the Offer Documents and the Schedule 14D-9
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Tax
Matters
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26
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Labor
Matters
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27
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Intellectual
Property
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27
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Property
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27
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Opinion of
Financial Advisor
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28
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Insurance
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28
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Material
Contracts
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28
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Finders or
Brokers
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30
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Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act; Certain Business Practices
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30
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State Takeover
Statutes
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30
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ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER
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31
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Qualification;
Organization
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31
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Corporate
Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation
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Sufficient
Funding
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32
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Ownership and
Operations of Purchaser
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Finders or
Brokers
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32
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Ownership of
Shares
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32
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Information in
the Offer Documents and Proxy Statement
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33
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Investigations;
Litigation
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33
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Solvency
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33
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No Other
Information
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33
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Vote/Approval
Required
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34
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ARTICLE V
COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS
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34
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Conduct of
Business
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34
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Investigation/Access to Information
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38
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Financial
Statements
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39
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-ii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page
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No
Solicitation
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39
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Board
Recommendation
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42
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Employee
Matters
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43
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Efforts
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Public
Announcements
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Indemnification
and Insurance
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47
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Notification of
Certain Matters
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49
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Rule
16b-3
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Control of
Operations
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Certain
Transfer Taxes
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Obligations of
Purchaser
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50
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Rule
14d-10(d)
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50
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FIRPTA
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50
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ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
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50
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Conditions to
Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger
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50
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ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION
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51
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Termination or
Abandonment
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Effect of
Termination
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52
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ARTICLE VIII
MISCELLANEOUS
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54
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No Survival of
Representations and Warranties
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Expenses
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54
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Counterparts;
Effectiveness
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54
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Governing
Law
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54
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Jurisdiction;
Enforcement
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54
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WAIVER OF JURY
TRIAL
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55
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Notices
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55
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Assignment;
Binding Effect
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56
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Severability
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56
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Entire
Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries
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56
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Amendments;
Waivers
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56
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-iii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page
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Headings
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57
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Interpretation
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57
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No
Recourse
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57
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Determinations
by the Company
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Certain
Definitions
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-iv-
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Form of Support
Agreement
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Form of
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation
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Form of Bylaws
of the Surviving Corporation
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-v-
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Company Board of Directors
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1
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7
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7
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Company Change in Recommendation
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42
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Company Disclosure Letter
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15
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Company Financial Advisor
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28
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58
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Company Governing Documents
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7
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Company Intellectual Property
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27
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Company Material Adverse Effect
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58
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Company Material Contracts
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14
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Confidentiality Agreement
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38
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vi
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Employment Compensation Arrangement
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Licensed Intellectual Property
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I-3
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Notice of Recommendation Change
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vii
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Parent Board of Directors
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Parent Material Adverse Effect
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Subsidiary Governing Documents
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viii
AGREEMENT
AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of February 17, 2007 (this
“ Agreement ”), by and among Altra Holdings,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”),
Forest Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Purchaser
”), and TB Wood’s Corporation, a Delaware corporation
(the “ Company ”).
WHEREAS,
the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) of each
of Parent, Purchaser and the Company has approved, and deems it
advisable and in the best interests of their respective
stockholders to consummate the acquisition of the Company by Parent
upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
herein;
WHEREAS,
in furtherance thereof and pursuant to this Agreement, Purchaser
has agreed to commence a tender offer (the “ Offer
”) to purchase all of the outstanding shares of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “
Shares ”), at a price per Share of $24.80 (such amount
or any different amount per Share that may be paid pursuant to the
Offer and the terms and conditions of this Agreement being
hereinafter referred to as the “ Offer Price ”),
subject to any withholding of Taxes required by law, net to the
seller in cash;
WHEREAS,
following the consummation of the Offer, upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, Purchaser will be
merged with and into the Company with the Company as the Surviving
Corporation (the “ Merger ,” and together with
the Offer and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, the “ Transactions ”), in accordance
with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the
“ DGCL ”), whereby each issued and outstanding
Share not owned directly or indirectly by Parent, Purchaser or the
Company will be converted into the right to receive the Offer Price
in cash;
WHEREAS,
the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Company Board
of Directors ”) has unanimously, on the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth herein, (i) determined that the
Transactions contemplated by this Agreement are in the best
interests of its stockholders, (ii) approved and declared advisable
this Agreement and the Transactions contemplated hereby, including
the Offer and the Merger, and (iii) determined to recommend
that the Company’s stockholders accept the Offer, tender
their Shares to Purchaser and, to the extent applicable, adopt this
Agreement;
WHEREAS,
the Board of Directors of, or an authorized committee thereof,
Parent and Purchaser have, on the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein, approved and declared advisable this
Agreement and the Transactions contemplated hereby, including the
Offer and the Merger;
WHEREAS,
Parent has required, as a condition to its willingness to enter
into this Agreement, that Thomas C. Foley (the “ Principal
Stockholder ”) enter into a Support Agreement, dated as
of the date hereof and in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A (the “ Support Agreement
”), simultaneously herewith, pursuant to which, among other
things, the Principal Stockholder has agreed to tender all Shares
he beneficially owns in the Offer, and in order to induce Parent
and Purchaser to enter into this Agreement, the board of directors
of the Company,
1
or a committee
thereof, has approved the execution and delivery of the Support
Agreement by the Principal Stockholder; and
WHEREAS,
Parent, Purchaser and the Company desire to (i) make certain
representations and warranties in connection with the Transactions,
(ii) make certain covenants and agreements in connection with
the Transactions, and (iii) prescribe various conditions to
the Transactions.
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises
contained in this Agreement and for other good and valuable
consideration and intending to be legally bound, the receipt and
adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties to this
Agreement agree as follows:
(a) Provided
that this Agreement shall not have been terminated in accordance
with Section 7.1, as promptly as practicable (and in any event
within ten (10) Business Days from the date hereof, Purchaser
shall (and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) commence (within the
meaning of Rule 14d-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the
“ Exchange Act ”)) the Offer to purchase for
cash all Shares at the Offer Price, subject to:
(i) there
being validly tendered in the Offer and not withdrawn prior to any
then scheduled Expiration Date (as defined below) that number of
Shares which, together with the Shares then beneficially owned by
Parent or Purchaser (if any), represents at least sixty-six and
two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of: (x) all Shares then
outstanding, plus (y) all Shares issuable upon the
exercise, conversion or exchange of any Company Stock Options or
Company Warrants then outstanding that are vested and exercisable,
convertible or exchangeable as of any then scheduled Expiration
Date or that would be vested and exercisable, convertible or
exchangeable (including after giving effect to the acceleration of
any vesting or exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability
that may occur as a result of the Offer) at any time within sixty
(60) days following the then scheduled Expiration Date
assuming that the holder of such Company Stock Options satisfies
the vesting or exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability
conditions applicable thereto during such time period (the “
Minimum Condition ”); and
(ii) the
satisfaction, or waiver by Parent or Purchaser, of the other
conditions and requirements set forth in Annex I
.
(b) Subject
to Section 1.1(a), Purchaser shall (and Parent shall cause
Purchaser to) consummate the Offer in accordance with its terms and
accept for payment and pay for all Shares validly tendered and not
withdrawn pursuant to the Offer as promptly as practicable. The
Offer Price payable in respect of each Share validly tendered and
not
2
withdrawn
pursuant to the Offer shall be paid net to the seller in cash
subject to withholding as provided in
Section 2.2(e).
(c) The
Offer shall be made by means of an offer to purchase (the “
Offer to Purchase ”) that contains the terms set forth
in this Agreement, the Minimum Condition and the other conditions
and requirements set forth in Annex I . Parent and Purchaser
expressly reserve the right to increase the Offer Price or to make
any other changes in the terms and conditions of the offer;
provided , however, that unless otherwise provided by this
Agreement or as previously approved by the Company in writing,
Purchaser shall not (i) decrease the Offer Price,
(ii) change the form of consideration payable in the Offer,
(iii) reduce the maximum number of Shares to be purchased in
the Offer, (iv) impose conditions to the Offer that are
different from, or in addition to, the conditions set forth in
Annex I , (v) amend or waive the Minimum Condition,
(vi) amend any of the conditions to the Offer set forth in Annex
I or (vii) extend the expiration of the Offer in a manner,
other than as required by this Agreement, without the prior written
consent of the Company.
(d) Unless
extended pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement, the Offer shall expire at midnight (New York City time)
on the date that is twenty (20) Business Days (for this
purpose calculated in accordance with Rule 14d-1(g)(3) under
the Exchange Act) following the commencement (within the meaning of
Rule 14d-2 under the Exchange Act) of the Offer (the “
Initial Expiration Date ”) or, in the event the
Initial Expiration Date has been extended pursuant to, and in
accordance with this Agreement, the date to which the Offer has
been so extended (the Initial Expiration Date, or such later date
to which the Initial Expiration Date has been extended pursuant to
and in accordance with this Agreement, is referred to as the
“ Expiration Date ”).
(e) The
Offer shall be extended from time to time as follows:
(i)
Offer Conditions Not Satisfied . If on or prior to any then
scheduled Expiration Date, all of the conditions to the Offer
(including the Minimum Condition and all other conditions and
requirements set forth in Annex I ) shall not have been
satisfied, or waived by Parent or Purchaser if permitted hereunder,
Purchaser shall (and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) extend the
Offer for successive periods of ten (10) Business Days each in
order to permit the satisfaction of such conditions, or any lesser
period ending on April 30, 2007 (the “ Initial
Outside Date ”), or on June 15, 2007 in the event
that the HSR Condition shall not have been satisfied, or waived by
Parent and Purchaser if permitted hereunder, by the Initial Outside
Date (the “ Extended Outside Date ”), if any
such ten-day extension would otherwise end after the Initial
Outside Date or the Extended Outside Date, as
applicable.
(ii)
Required by Applicable Law or NASDAQ . Purchaser shall
extend the Offer for any period or periods required by applicable
law, rule, regulation, interpretation or position of the SEC (or
its staff) or NASDAQ.
(f) In
the event that more than sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66
2/3%), but less than eighty percent (80%) of the then outstanding
Shares have been validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the
Offer following the Expiration Date, Purchaser, in its sole
discretion, may (and Parent may cause Purchaser to) provide for a
“subsequent offering period” in
3
accordance with
Rule 14d-11 under the Exchange Act of at least ten
(10) Business Days immediately following the Expiration Date.
In the event that more than eighty percent (80%) of the then
outstanding Shares have been validly tendered and not withdrawn
pursuant to the Offer following the Expiration Date, Purchaser
shall (and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) provide for a
“subsequent offering period” in accordance with
Rule 14d-11 under the Exchange Act of at least ten
(10) Business Days immediately following the Expiration Date.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the
Offer, Purchaser shall (and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) accept
for payment, and pay for, all Shares that are validly tendered and
not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer during such “subsequent
offering period” promptly after any such Shares are tendered
during such “subsequent offering period.” The Offer
Documents will provide for the possibility of a “subsequent
offering period” in a manner consistent with the terms of
this Section 1.1(f). For purposes of this Section 1.1(f),
the phrase “then outstanding Shares” shall be deemed to
include (x) all Shares then outstanding, plus
(y) all Shares issuable upon the exercise, conversion or
exchange of any Company Stock Options or Company Warrants then
outstanding that are vested and exercisable, convertible or
exchangeable as of any then scheduled Expiration Date or that would
be vested and exercisable, convertible or exchangeable (including
after giving effect to the acceleration of any vesting or
exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability that may occur as
a result of the Offer) at any time within sixty (60) days
following the then scheduled Expiration Date assuming that the
holder of such Company Stock Options satisfies the vesting or
exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability conditions
applicable thereto during such time period.
(g) Purchaser
shall not terminate the Offer prior to any scheduled Expiration
Date without the prior written consent of the Company, except in
the event that this Agreement is terminated pursuant to
Section 7.1. In the event that this Agreement is terminated
pursuant to Section 7.1, Purchaser shall (and Parent shall
cause Purchaser to) promptly (and in any event within twenty four
(24) hours of such termination), irrevocably and
unconditionally terminate the Offer.
(h) As
soon as practicable after the commencement of the Offer (within the
meaning of Rule 14d-2 under the Exchange Act), Parent and Purchaser
shall file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “
SEC ”), pursuant to Regulation M-A under the
Exchange Act (“ Regulation M-A ”), a Tender
Offer Statement on Schedule TO with respect to the Offer
(together with all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto,
the “ Schedule TO ”). The Schedule TO
shall include, as exhibits, the Offer to Purchase and a form of
letter of transmittal and summary advertisement (collectively,
together with any amendments and supplements thereto, the “
Offer Documents ”). Parent and Purchaser agree to take
all steps necessary to cause the Offer Documents, and any
amendments thereto, to be filed with the SEC and disseminated to
holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by
the Exchange Act. Parent and Purchaser, on the one hand, and the
Company, on the other hand, agree to promptly provide each other
with all information about either the Parent and Purchaser or
Company, respectively, that is required to be included in the Offer
Documents. Parent and Purchaser, on the one hand, and the Company,
on the other hand, agree to promptly correct any information
provided by it for use in the Offer Documents if and to the extent
that such information shall have become false or misleading in any
material respect or as otherwise required by applicable law. The
Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable
4
opportunity to
review the Schedule TO and the Offer Documents before they are
filed with the SEC, and Parent and Purchaser shall give due
consideration to all the reasonable additions, deletions or changes
suggested thereto by the Company and its counsel. In addition,
Parent and Purchaser shall provide the Company and its counsel with
copies of any written comments, and shall inform them of any oral
comments, that Parent, Purchaser or their counsel may receive from
time to time from the SEC or its staff with respect to the
Schedule TO or the Offer Documents promptly after receipt of
such comments, and any written or oral responses thereto. The
Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to
review any such written responses and Parent and Purchaser shall
give due consideration to all reasonable additions, deletions or
changes suggested thereto by the Company and its
counsel.
(i) If
the Offer is terminated or withdrawn by Purchaser, or this
Agreement is terminated prior to the purchase of Shares in the
Offer, Purchaser shall promptly return, and shall cause any
depository, acting on behalf of Purchaser to return, all tendered
Shares to the registered holders thereof.
(j) The
Offer Price shall be adjusted appropriately to reflect the effect
of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend (including
any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into
Shares), cash dividend (except for any cash dividend permitted by
this Agreement), reorganization, recapitalization,
reclassification, combination, exchange of shares or other like
change with respect to Shares occurring on or after the date hereof
and prior to the Effective Time.
Section 1.2.
Company Actions .
(a) Contemporaneous
with the filing of the Schedule TO, the Company shall, in a
manner that complies with Rule 14d-9 under the Exchange Act,
file with the SEC a Tender Offer Solicitation/ Recommendation
Statement on Schedule 14D-9 with respect to the Offer
(together with all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto,
the “ Schedule 14D-9 ”) that shall, subject
to the provisions of Section 5.4(d), contain the Company
Recommendation. The Company further agrees to take all steps
necessary to cause the Schedule 14D-9 and any amendments
thereto to be filed with the SEC and disseminated to holders of
Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by the Exchange
Act. The Company, on the one hand, and Parent and Purchaser, on the
other hand, agree to promptly correct any information provided by
it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to the extent that it
shall have become false or misleading in any material respect or as
otherwise required by applicable law and the Company shall cause
the Schedule 14D-9, as so corrected, to be filed with the SEC
and disseminated to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the
extent required by the Exchange Act. Parent, Purchaser and their
counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review the
Schedule 14D-9 before it is filed with the SEC and the Company
shall give due consideration to all reasonable additions, deletions
or changes suggested thereto by Parent, Purchaser and their
counsel. In addition, the Company shall provide Parent, Purchaser
and their counsel with copies of any written comments, and shall
inform them of any oral comments, that the Company or its counsel
may receive from time to time from the SEC or its staff with
respect to the Schedule 14D-9 promptly after the
Company’s receipt of such comments, and any written or oral
responses thereto. Parent, Purchaser and their counsel shall be
given a reasonable opportunity to review any such written responses
and the
5
Company shall
give due consideration to all reasonable additions, deletions or
changes suggested thereto by Parent, Purchaser and their
counsel.
(b) In
connection with the Offer, the Company shall promptly furnish or
cause to be furnished to Purchaser any available listing or
computer files containing the names and addresses of the record
holders of the Shares as of the most recent practicable date, and
shall promptly furnish Purchaser with such information and
assistance (including, but not limited to, lists of holders of the
Shares, updated promptly from time to time upon Purchaser’s
request, and their addresses and lists of security positions) as
Purchaser or its agent may reasonably request for the purpose of
communicating the Offer to the record and beneficial holders of the
Shares. Except for such steps as are necessary to disseminate the
Offer Documents and any other documents necessary to consummate the
Offer, the Merger and the other Transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, Purchaser shall hold in confidence the information
contained in any such listings and files, shall use such
information only in connection with the Offer and the Merger and,
if this Agreement shall be terminated, shall promptly deliver to
the Company all copies of such information.
(a) Promptly
after Purchaser accepts for payment and pays for any Shares
tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer (the “
Appointment Time ”), and at all times thereafter,
Purchaser shall be entitled to elect or designate such number of
directors, rounded up to the next whole number, on the Company
Board of Directors as is equal to the product of the total number
of directors on the Company Board of Directors (giving effect to
the directors elected or designated by Purchaser pursuant to this
sentence) multiplied by the percentage that the aggregate number of
Shares beneficially owned by Parent, Purchaser and any of its
affiliates bears to the total number of Shares then outstanding.
The Company shall, upon Purchaser’s request at any time
following the purchase of and payment for Shares pursuant to the
Offer, take such actions, including but not limited to promptly
filling vacancies or newly created directorships on the Company
Board of Directors, promptly increasing the size of the Company
Board of Directors (including by amending the Bylaws of the Company
if necessary so as to increase the size of the Company Board of
Directors) and/or promptly securing the resignations of such number
of its incumbent directors as are necessary or desirable to enable
Purchaser’s designees to be so elected or designated to the
Company Board of Directors, and shall use its reasonable best
efforts to cause Purchaser’s designees to be so elected or
designated at such time. The Company shall, upon Purchaser’s
request following the Appointment Time, also cause Persons elected
or designated by Purchaser to constitute the same percentage
(rounded up to the next whole number) as is on the Company Board of
Directors of (i) each committee of the Company Board of
Directors, (ii) each board of directors (or similar body) of
each Company Subsidiary and (iii) each committee (or similar
body) of each such board, in each case to the extent permitted by
applicable law and the Marketplace Rules of the Nasdaq Global
Market (the “ Nasdaq Marketplace Rules ”).
Promptly after the Appointment Time, the Company shall take all
action necessary to elect to be treated as a “controlled
company” as defined by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4350(c) and
make all necessary filings and disclosures associated with such
status. The Company’s obligations under this
Section 1.3(a) shall be subject to Section 14(f) of the
Exchange Act and Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder. The
Company shall promptly upon
6
execution of
this Agreement take all actions required pursuant to Section 14(f)
and Rule 14f-1 in order to fulfill its obligations under this
Section 1.3(a), including mailing to stockholders (together
with the Schedule 14D-9) the information required by Section
14(f) and Rule 14f-1 as is necessary to enable Purchaser’s
designees to be elected or designated to the Company Board of
Directors. Purchaser shall supply the Company with information with
respect to Purchaser’s designees and Parent’s and
Purchaser’s respective officers, directors and affiliates to
the extent required by Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1. The
provisions of this Section 1.3(a) are in addition to and shall
not limit any rights that any of Purchaser, Parent or any of their
respective affiliates may have as a record holder or beneficial
owner of Shares as a matter of applicable law with respect to the
election of directors or otherwise.
(b) In
the event that Purchaser’s designees are elected or
designated to the Company Board of Directors pursuant to
Section 1.3(a), then, until the Effective Time, the Company
shall seek to cause the Company Board of Directors to maintain
three (3) directors who are members of the Company Board of
Directors on the date hereof, each of whom shall be an
“independent director” as defined by
Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules and eligible
to serve on the Company’s audit committee under the Exchange
Act and the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules (the “ Continuing
Directors ”); provided , however, that if any
Continuing Director is unable to serve due to death, disability or
resignation, the Company shall take all necessary action (including
creating a committee of the Company Board of Directors) so that the
Continuing Director(s) shall be entitled to elect or designate
another Person (or Persons) to fill such vacancy, and such Person
(or Persons) shall be deemed to be a Continuing Director for
purposes of this Agreement. If no Continuing Director then remains,
the other directors shall designate three (3) Persons to fill
such vacancies and such Persons shall be deemed Continuing
Directors for all purposes of this Agreement. Notwithstanding
anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if Purchaser’s
designees constitute a majority of the Company Board of Directors
after the Appointment Time and prior to the Effective Time, then
the affirmative vote of a majority of the Continuing Directors
shall (in addition to the approval rights of the Company Board of
Directors or the stockholders of the Company as may be required by
the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as
amended, the “ Company Certificate ”), the
Bylaws of the Company (as amended, the “ Company
Bylaws ”, and together with the Company Certificate, the
“ Company Governing Documents ”) or applicable
law) be required (i) for the Company to amend or terminate
this Agreement; (ii) to exercise or waive any of the
Company’s rights, benefits or remedies hereunder, if such
action would materially and adversely affect the holders of Shares
(other than Parent or Purchaser); (iii) to amend the Company
Governing Documents if such action would materially and adversely
affect the holders of Shares (other than Parent or Purchaser); or
(iv) to take any other action of the Company Board of
Directors under or in connection with this Agreement if such action
would materially and adversely affect the holders of Shares (other
than Parent or Purchaser). Subject to the foregoing, in no event
shall the requirement to have Continuing Directors as provided
above result in Persons elected or designated by Purchaser
constituting less than a majority of the directors on the board of
directors of the Company unless Parent shall have failed to
designate a sufficient number of persons to constitute at least a
majority.
7
Section 1.4.
The Merger .
(a) Subject
to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, and in accordance
with the DGCL, at the Effective Time, the Company and Purchaser
shall consummate the Merger pursuant to which (i) Purchaser shall
be merged with and into the Company and the separate corporate
existence of Purchaser shall thereupon cease, (ii) the Company
shall be the surviving corporation in the Merger and shall continue
to be governed by the DGCL and (iii) the separate corporate
existence of the Company with all its rights, privileges,
immunities, powers and franchises shall continue unaffected by the
Merger. The corporation surviving the Merger is sometimes
hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving Corporation
”. The Merger shall have the effects set forth in Section 259
of the DGCL.
(b) Purchaser
and the Surviving Corporation shall take all necessary action such
that (i) the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation shall be amended so as to read in its entirety in the
form set forth as Exhibit B hereto until thereafter
changed or amended as provided therein or by applicable law and
(ii) the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended
so as to read in their entirety in the form set forth as
Exhibit C until thereafter changed or amended as
provided therein or by applicable law.
Section 1.5.
Effective Time . Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall
cause an appropriate certificate of merger or other appropriate
documents (the “ Certificate of Merger ”) to be
executed and filed on the Closing Date (or on such other date as
Parent and the Company may agree) with the Secretary of State of
the State of Delaware in accordance with the relevant provisions of
the DGCL and shall make all other filings or recordings required
under the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective at the time such
Certificate of Merger have been duly filed with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware or such date and time as is agreed
upon by the parties and specified in the Certificate of Merger,
such date and time hereinafter referred to as the “
Effective Time ”.
Section 1.6.
Closing . The closing of the Merger (the
“Closing”) will take place at 10:00 a.m., New York
Time, on a date to be specified by the parties, such date to be no
later than the second business day after satisfaction or waiver of
all of the conditions set forth in Article VI (the “Closing
Date”), at the offices of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, 767
Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10153 unless another date or place
is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto.
Section 1.7.
Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation . The
directors of Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall, from and after the Effective Time, continue as the directors
of the Surviving Corporation, and the officers of the Company
immediately prior to the Effective Time, from and after the
Effective Time, shall continue as the officers of the Surviving
Corporation, in each case until their respective successors shall
have been duly elected, designated or qualified, or until their
earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the
Surviving Corporation’s certificate of incorporation and
bylaws.
Section 1.8.
Subsequent Actions . If, at any time after the Effective
Time, the Surviving Corporation shall determine, in its sole
discretion, or shall be advised, that any deeds, bills of sale,
instruments of conveyance, assignments, assurances or any other
actions or things are necessary or desirable to vest, perfect or
confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving
8
Corporation its
right, title or interest in, to or under any of the rights,
properties or assets of either of the Company or Purchaser acquired
or to be acquired by the Surviving Corporation as a result of, or
in connection with, the Merger or otherwise to carry out this
Agreement, then the officers and directors of the Surviving
Corporation shall be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name
and on behalf of either the Company or Purchaser, all such deeds,
bills of sale, instruments of conveyance, assignments and
assurances and to take and do, in the name and on behalf of each of
such corporations or otherwise, all such other actions and things
as may be necessary or desirable to vest, perfect or confirm any
and all right, title or interest in, to and under such rights,
properties or assets in the Surviving Corporation or otherwise to
carry out this Agreement.
Section 1.9.
Stockholders’ Meeting . If approval of the
stockholders of the Company is required under the DGCL in order to
consummate the Merger:
(a) As
promptly as practicable following the Appointment Time and the
expiration of any “subsequent offering period” provided
by Purchaser pursuant to and in accordance with this Agreement, if
applicable, the Company shall prepare and file as promptly as
practicable with the SEC a proxy or information statement for the
Special Meeting (together with any amendments thereof or
supplements thereto and any other required proxy materials, the
“ Proxy Statement ”) relating to the Merger and
this Agreement; provided , that Parent, Purchaser and their
counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review the Proxy
Statement before it is filed with the SEC and the Company shall
give due consideration to all reasonable additions, deletions or
changes suggested thereto by Parent, Purchaser and their counsel
with the intention that the Proxy Statement be in a form ready to
print and mail to the stockholders of the Company as promptly as
practicable following the Appointment Time and the expiration of
any “subsequent offering period” provided by Purchaser
pursuant to and in accordance with this Agreement, if applicable.
The Company shall include in the Proxy Statement the recommendation
of the Company Board of Directors that stockholders of the Company
vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with
the DGCL. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to
obtain and furnish the information required to be included by the
SEC in the Proxy Statement and, after consultation with Purchaser,
respond promptly to any comments made by the SEC with respect to
the Proxy Statement. The Company shall provide Parent, Purchaser
and their counsel with copies of any written comments, and shall
inform them of any oral comments, that the Company or its counsel
may receive from time to time from the SEC or its staff with
respect to the Proxy Statement promptly after the Company’s
receipt of such comments, and any written or oral responses
thereto. Parent, Purchaser and their counsel shall be given a
reasonable opportunity to review any such written responses and the
Company shall give due consideration to all reasonable additions,
deletions or changes suggested thereto by Parent, Purchaser and
their counsel. The Company, on the one hand, and Parent and
Purchaser, on the other hand, agree to promptly correct any
information provided by it for use in the Proxy Statement if and to
the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any
material respect or as otherwise required by applicable law and,
the Company further agrees to cause the Proxy Statement, as so
corrected (if applicable), to be filed with the SEC and, if any
such correction is made following the mailing of the Proxy
Statement as provided in Section 1.9(b)(ii), mailed to holders of
Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by the Exchange
Act or the SEC (or its staff).
9
(b) The
Company, acting through the Company Board of Directors, shall, in
accordance with and subject to the requirements of applicable
law:
(i) (A) as
promptly as practicable following the Appointment Time and the
expiration of any “subsequent offering period” provided
by Purchaser pursuant to and in accordance with this Agreement, if
applicable, duly set a record date for, call and give notice of a
special meeting of its stockholders (the “ Special
Meeting ”) for the purpose of considering, approving and
adopting this Agreement (with the record date and meeting date set
in consultation with Purchaser), and (B) as promptly as
practicable following the Appointment Time and the expiration of
any “subsequent offering period” provided by Purchaser
pursuant to and in accordance with this Agreement, if applicable,
convene and hold the Special Meeting;
(ii) cause
the definitive Proxy Statement to be mailed to its stockholders;
and
(iii) use
its reasonable best efforts to (A) solicit from its
stockholders proxies in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and
(B) secure any approval of stockholders of the Company that is
required by the DGCL and any other applicable Law to effect the
Merger.
(c) At
the Special Meeting or any postponement or adjournment thereof,
Parent shall vote, or cause to be voted, all of the Shares then
owned by it, Purchaser or any of their other subsidiaries and
affiliates in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and to
deliver or provide, in its capacity as a stockholder of the
Company, any other approvals that are required by the DGCL and any
other applicable law to effect the Merger.
Section 1.10.
Merger Without Meeting of Stockholders . Notwithstanding the
terms of Section 1.9, in the event that Parent, Purchaser and
their respective subsidiaries and affiliates shall hold, in the
aggregate, at least ninety percent (90%) of the outstanding shares
of each class of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote on
the adoption of this Agreement under the DGCL (the “ Short
Form Threshold ”), following the Appointment Time
and the expiration of any “subsequent offering period”
provided by Purchaser pursuant to and in accordance with this
Agreement, if applicable, Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall
cause the Merger to become effective as promptly as practicable,
without a meeting of stockholders of the Company, in accordance
with Section 253 of the DGCL.
Section 1.11.
Option to Acquire Additional Shares . The Company hereby
grants to Purchaser an option (the “ Purchaser Option
”) to purchase up to that number of newly issued Shares (the
“ Purchaser Option Shares ”) equal to the number
of Shares that, when added to the number of Shares owned by Parent
and its Subsidiaries immediately following consummation of the
Offer, shall constitute one Share more than ninety percent (90%) of
the Shares then outstanding (after giving effect to the issuance of
the Purchaser Option Shares) for a cash purchase price per
Purchaser Option Share equal to the Offer Price; provided ,
that (i) the number of Purchaser Option Shares shall not
exceed that number which is equal to nineteen and nine-tenths
percent (19.9%) of the Shares outstanding on the date of this
Agreement and (ii) the Purchaser Option may not be exercised
unless, following the Appointment Time or after a subsequent offer
period, more than eighty percent (80%) of the then outstanding
Shares have been validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the
Offer. The obligation of the Company
10
to deliver the
Purchaser Option Shares upon the exercise of the Purchaser Option
is subject to the condition that no provision of any applicable Law
and no judgment, injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the
exercise of the Purchase Option or the delivery of the Purchaser
Option Shares in respect of such exercise. The Purchaser Option may
be exercised by Purchaser at any time during the five
(5) Business Days after the Appointment Time or subsequent
offer period at which the criteria for exercise of the Purchaser
Option are satisfied. If Purchaser wishes to exercise the Purchaser
Option, Purchaser shall give the Company written notice within such
five (5) Business Day period specifying the number of Shares
that Purchaser wishes to purchase pursuant to the Purchaser Option
and a place and a time (which shall be at least two (2), but not
more than five (5), Business Days after the date of delivery of
such written notice) for the closing of such purchase. At such
closing, (i) the purchase price in respect of such exercise of
the Purchaser Option (which shall equal the product of (A) the
number of Purchaser Option Shares and (B) the Offer Price)
shall be paid to the Company in immediately available funds by wire
transfer to an account designated by the Company, and (ii) the
Company shall deliver to Purchaser a certificate or certificates
representing the number of Shares so purchased. The Company agrees
that it shall reserve (and maintain free from preemptive rights)
sufficient authorized but unissued Shares (none of which shall be
treasury shares) so that the Purchaser Option may be exercised
without additional authorization of Shares (after giving effect to
all other Company Stock Options, Company Warrants, convertible
securities and other rights to purchase Shares).
Section 2.1.
Conversion of Capital Stock . At the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the
holders of any securities of the Company or common stock, par value
$0.01 per share, of Purchaser (the “ Purchaser Common
Stock ”):
(a)
Purchaser Common Stock . Each issued and outstanding share
of Purchaser Common Stock shall be converted into and become one
fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.01
per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
(b)
Cancellation of Treasury Stock and Parent-Owned Stock . All
Shares that are owned by the Company and any Shares owned by
Parent, Purchaser or any of their respective subsidiaries or
affiliates shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and no
consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c)
Conversion of Common Stock . Each issued and outstanding
Share (other than Shares to be cancelled in accordance with
Section 2.1(b) and other than Dissenting Shares) shall be
converted into the right to receive the Offer Price, payable to the
holder thereof in cash, without interest (the “ Merger
Consideration ”). From and after the Effective Time, all
such Shares shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically
be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a
certificate representing any such Shares shall cease to have any
rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Merger
Consideration therefor upon the surrender of such certificate in
accordance with Section 2.2, without interest
thereon.
11
(d)
Adjustment to Merger Consideration . The Merger
Consideration shall be adjusted appropriately to reflect the effect
of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend (including
any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into
Shares), cash dividend (except for any cash dividend permitted by
this Agreement), reorganization, recapitalization,
reclassification, combination, exchange of shares or other like
change with respect to the Shares occurring on or after the date
hereof and prior to the Effective Time.
Section 2.2.
Exchange of Certificates .
(a)
Paying Agent . Purchaser shall designate a bank or trust
company reasonably acceptable to the Company to act as the payment
agent in connection with the Merger (the “ Paying
Agent ”). Prior to the Effective Time, Parent or
Purchaser shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, with the Paying
Agent the aggregate Merger Consideration. Such funds shall be
invested by the Paying Agent as directed by Parent, in its sole
discretion, pending payment thereof by the Paying Agent to the
holders of the Shares. Earnings from such investments shall be the
sole and exclusive property of Parent, and no part of such earnings
shall accrue to the benefit of holders of Shares.
(b)
Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time, the
Paying Agent shall mail to each holder of record of a certificate
or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time
represented outstanding Shares (the “ Certificates
”) and whose Shares were converted pursuant to
Section 2.1 into the right to receive the Merger Consideration
(i) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery
shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates
shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to the Paying
Agent and shall be in such form and have such other provisions as
Parent may reasonably specify) and (ii) instructions for effecting
the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for payment of the
Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate for
cancellation to the Paying Agent or to such other agent or agents
as may be appointed by Parent, together with such letter of
transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be
entitled to receive in exchange therefor the Merger Consideration
for each Share formerly represented by such Certificate and the
Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. If payment
of the Merger Consideration is to be made to a Person other than
the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered,
it shall be a condition precedent of payment that (x) the
Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or shall be
otherwise in proper form for transfer and (y) the Person
requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other
similar taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger
Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder of the
Certificate surrendered or shall have established to the
satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that such tax either has
been paid or is not required to be paid. Until surrendered as
contemplated by this Section 2.2, each Certificate shall be
deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the
right to receive the Merger Consideration in cash as contemplated
by this Section 2.2, without interest thereon.
(c)
Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Shares . At
the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall
be closed and thereafter there shall be no further registration of
transfers of Shares on the records of the Company. From and after
the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time
12
shall cease to
have any rights with respect to such Shares except as otherwise
provided for herein or by applicable law. If, after the Effective
Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation for
any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as provided in
this Article II.
(d)
Termination of Fund; No Liability . At any time following
the first anniversary after the Effective Time, the Surviving
Corporation shall be entitled to require the Paying Agent to
deliver to it any funds (including any interest received with
respect thereto) made available to the Paying Agent and not
disbursed (or for which disbursement is pending subject only to the
Paying Agent’s routine administrative procedures) to holders
of Certificates, and thereafter such holders shall be entitled to
look only to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned
property, escheat or other similar laws) only as general creditors
thereof with respect to the Merger Consideration payable upon due
surrender of their Certificates, without any interest thereon.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Surviving Corporation
nor the Paying Agent shall be liable to any holder of a Certificate
for Merger Consideration delivered to a public official pursuant to
any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
law.
(e)
Withholding Rights . Parent, Purchaser, the Surviving
Corporation and the Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall be
entitled to deduct and withhold from the relevant Merger
Consideration or Offer Price otherwise payable pursuant to this
Agreement to any holder of Shares such amounts that Parent,
Purchaser, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent is
required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such
payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“ Code ”), the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder or any provision of applicable state, local or foreign
law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by Parent,
Purchaser, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent, such
amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as
having been paid to the holder of Shares in respect of which such
deduction and withholding was made by Parent, Purchaser, the
Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent.
(f)
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event that
any Certificates shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the
Paying Agent shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Certificates, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the holder thereof, the Merger Consideration payable in
respect thereof pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof;
provided , however, that Parent may, in its discretion and
as a condition precedent to the payment of such Merger
Consideration, require the owners of such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as it may reasonably
direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against
Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent with respect
to the Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or
destroyed.
Section 2.3.
Dissenting Shares .
(a) Notwithstanding
anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by a holder who is
entitled to demand and properly demands appraisal of such Shares
(“ Dissenting Shares ”) pursuant to, and who
complies in all respects with, Section 262 of the DGCL (the
“ Appraisal Rights ”) shall be entitled to
payment of the fair value of such Dissenting Shares in accordance
with the Appraisal Rights (and at the Effective Time, such
Dissenting Shares shall no longer be outstanding and
13
shall
automatically be cancelled and cease to exist, and such holder of
Dissenting Shares shall cease to have any rights with respect
thereto, except the right to receive the appraised value of such
Dissenting Shares in accordance with the provisions of
Section 262 of the DGCL); provided , however, that if
any such holder shall fail to perfect or otherwise shall waive,
withdraw or lose the right to dissent under the Appraisal Rights,
then the right of such holder to be paid the fair value of such
holder’s Dissenting Shares shall cease and such Dissenting
Shares shall be deemed to have been converted as of the Effective
Time into, and to have become exchangeable solely for the right to
receive the Merger Consideration.
(b) The
Company shall serve prompt notice to Purchaser of any demands or
withdrawals of such demands received by the Company for
dissenter’s rights of any Shares, and Purchaser shall have
the right to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with
respect to such demands. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company
shall not, without the prior written consent of Purchaser, make any
payment with respect to, or settle or compromise or offer to settle
or compromise, any such demand, or agree to do any of the
foregoing. Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available
to the Paying Agent pursuant to Section 2.2(a) to pay for the
Shares for which appraisal rights have been perfected shall be
returned to Parent upon demand.
Section 2.4.
Effect of the Merger on Company Stock Options .
(a) Each
outstanding option to acquire Shares (each, a “ Company
Stock Option ”), whether or not then vested or
exercisable, that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall, as of the Effective Time, become fully vested and shall
be converted into the right to receive a payment in cash, payable
in U.S. dollars and without interest, equal to the product of
(i) the excess, if any, of (x) the Merger Consideration
over (y) the exercise price per share for such Company Stock
Option, multiplied by (ii) the number of Shares for which such
Company Stock Option shall not theretofore have been exercised,
whether or not then vested or exercisable. The Surviving
Corporation shall pay the holders of Company Stock Options the cash
payments described in this Section 2.4(a) on or as soon as
reasonably practicable after the Closing Date, but in any event
within three Business Days following the Closing Date.
(b) The
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from
the amounts otherwise payable pursuant to this Section 2.4 to
any holder of Company Stock Options such amounts as the Surviving
Corporation is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the
making of such payment under the Code, or any provision of state,
local or foreign tax Law, and the Surviving Corporation shall make
any required filings with and payments to tax authorities relating
to any such deduction or withholding. To the extent that amounts
are so deducted and withheld by the Surviving Corporation, such
withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this
Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Company Stock
Options in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made
by the Surviving Corporation.
(c) Prior
to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all actions necessary
to terminate all Company Stock Plans, such termination to be
effective at the Effective Time.
14
(d) The
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company
shall adopt such necessary resolutions with respect to Company
Stock Options to implement the foregoing provisions of this
Section 2.4.
Section 2.5.
Effect of the Merger on Company Warrants .
(a) Prior
to the record date for the Special Meeting, the Company shall give
notice to the holders of the Company Warrants of the expected
Effective Time in accordance with the notice provisions of the
Company Warrants.
(b) Each
outstanding Company Warrant, whether or not then vested or
exercisable, that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall, as of the Effective Time, become fully vested and shall
be converted into the right to receive a payment in cash, payable
in U.S. dollars and without interest, equal to the product of
(i) the excess, if any, of (x) the Merger Consideration
over (y) the exercise price per share for such Company
Warrant, multiplied by (ii) the number of Shares for which such
Company Warrant shall not theretofore have been exercised, whether
or not then vested or exercisable.
(c) The
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from
the amounts otherwise payable pursuant to this Section 2.5 to
any holder of Company Warrants such amounts as the Surviving
Corporation is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the
making of such payment under the Code, or any provision of state,
local or foreign tax Law, and the Surviving Corporation shall make
any required filings with and payments to tax authorities relating
to any such deduction or withholding. To the extent that amounts
are so deducted and withheld by the Surviving Corporation, such
withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this
Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Company Warrants
in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by the
Surviving Corporation.
(d) The
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company
shall adopt any necessary resolutions with respect to Company
Warrants to implement the foregoing provisions of this
Section 2.5.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
Except
as disclosed (1) in reasonable detail in the Company SEC
Documents filed after December 31, 2005, but before the date hereof
(other than disclosures related to risk factors, environmental
matters or forward-looking statements) or (2) in the
disclosure letter delivered by the Company to Parent concurrent
with the execution of this Agreement (the “ Company
Disclosure Letter ”), it being agreed that disclosure of
any item in any section of the Company Disclosure Letter shall also
be deemed disclosure with respect to any other section only to the
extent that such disclosure is reasonably apparent on it face, the
Company represents and warrants to Parent and Purchaser as
follows:
15
Section 3.1.
Qualification, Organization, Subsidiaries, etc .
(a) Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries is validly existing and in good
standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction in which it is
organized. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has the
corporate, partnership or similar power and authority, as
applicable, to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry
on its business as presently conducted.
(b) Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly licensed and qualified
to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in
each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its
assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such
license or qualification, except where the failure to be so
licensed, qualified or in good standing would not, individually or
in the aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
(c) The
Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of
its Company Governing Documents and complete and correct copies of
the certificates of incorporation and bylaws (or comparable
organizational documents) of each of its Subsidiaries (the “
Subsidiary Governing Documents ”), in each case, as
amended to the date of this Agreement. All such Company Governing
Documents and Subsidiary Governing Documents are in full force and
effect and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in
violation of any of their respective provisions in any material
respect.
Section 3.2.
Capital Stock .
(a) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 10,000,100
Shares and 100 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share
(the “ Company Preferred Stock ”). As of
February 15, 2007, (i) 3,773,727 Shares were issued and
outstanding, (ii) 1,895,658 Shares were held in treasury, and
(iii) 998,916 Shares were reserved for issuance under the
Company Stock Plans (of which 575,316 Shares were reserved for
issuance pursuant to the outstanding Company Stock Options) and
(iv) 177,698 Shares were reserved for the issuance upon
exercise of warrants (the “ Company Warrants ”).
All outstanding Shares, and all Shares reserved for issuance as
noted in clauses (iii) and (iv) of the foregoing
sentence, when issued in accordance with the respective terms
thereof, were or will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully
paid and non-assessable and free of pre-emptive rights and issued
in compliance with all applicable securities Laws. As of the date
hereof, no Preferred Stock is issued and outstanding. Set forth in
Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter is a correct
and complete list, as of February 15, 2007, of all outstanding
Company Stock Options and Company Warrants, all other rights to
purchase or receive Shares and all rights to receive any
compensation determined by reference to the price of Shares granted
under the Company Stock Plans or otherwise, and, for each such
Company Stock Option or other right, the number of Shares subject
thereto, the terms of vesting, the grant and expiration dates,
exercise price and the name of the holder thereof.
(b) Except
as set forth in subsection (a) above and in Schedule 3.2
of the Company Disclosure Letter, as of the date hereof,
(i) the Company does not have any shares of its capital stock
issued or outstanding other than Shares that have become
outstanding after February 15, 2007 upon exercise of Company
Stock Options or Company Warrants outstanding as of such date and
(ii) there are no outstanding subscriptions, options,
warrants, calls, convertible securities or other similar rights,
agreements or commitments relating to the issuance
16
of capital
stock or other equity interests to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party obligating the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to (A) issue, transfer or sell any shares of
capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or securities convertible into or exchangeable for
such shares or equity interests; (B) grant, extend or enter
into any such subscription, option, warrant, call, convertible
securities or other similar right, agreement or arrangement;
(C) redeem or otherwise acquire any such shares of capital
stock or other equity interests; or (D) provide a material
amount of funds to, or make any material investment (in the form of
a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, any
Subsidiary.
(c) Except
for awards to acquire Shares under the Company Stock Plans and the
Company Warrants, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations, the
holders of which have the right to vote (or which bonds,
debentures, notes or other obligations are convertible into or
exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the
stockholders of the Company on any matter.
(d) Except
as set forth in Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter,
there are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other
agreements or understandings to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or to the Knowledge of the Company written
agreements between holders of equity securities of the Company with
respect to the voting of the capital stock or other equity interest
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(e) Except
as set forth in Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter,
no holder of Shares has any right to have such Shares or the
offering or sale thereof registered under or pursuant to any
securities Laws by the Company.
(f) Other
than grants of Company Stock Options, no grants or awards having
any rights to or relationship with Shares, or the price thereof,
have been made under the Company Stock Plans. With respect to the
Company Stock Options granted within five years of the date hereof,
(i) each such Company Stock Option intended to qualify as an
“incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the
Code so qualifies and is identified as so in Section 3.2(a) of
the Company Disclosure Letter, (ii) each grant of such a Company
Stock Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which
the grant of such Company Stock Option was by its terms to be
effective (the “ Grant Date ”) by all necessary
corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the board
of directors of the Company, or a committee thereof, or a duly
authorized delegate thereof, and any required approval by the
stockholders of the Company by the necessary number of votes or
written consents, and the award agreement governing such grant, if
any, was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto within a
reasonable time following the Grant Date, (iii) each such
grant was made, in all material respects, in accordance with the
terms of the applicable Company Stock Plan, the Exchange Act and
all other applicable Law, including the rules of Nasdaq,
(iv) the per share exercise price of each Company Stock Option
was not less than the fair market value of a Share on the
applicable Grant Date, (v) each such grant was properly
accounted for in all material respects in accordance with GAAP in
the financial statements (including the related notes) of the
Company and disclosed in the Company SEC Documents (as defined
below) in accordance with the Exchange Act and all other applicable
Laws and (vi) since January 1, 2006, no modifications
have been made to any such grants after the Grant Date (other than
as set forth in Section 3.2 of the Company
Disclosure
17
Schedule).
There is and has been no Company policy or practice to grant and,
to the Company’s Knowledge, the Company has not granted,
Company Stock Options prior to, or otherwise coordinate the grant
of Company Stock Options with, the release or other public
announcement of material information regarding the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries or their financial results or
prospects.
(g) There
is no rights plan or other anti-takeover agreement obligating the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company to issue, deliver or sell,
or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of
Company capital stock or obligating the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company to grant, extend or enter into any such agreement or
commitment.
Section 3.3.
Subsidiaries . Section 3.3 of the Company Disclosure
Letter sets forth a complete and correct list of each of the
Company’s direct and indirect Subsidiaries. Section 3.3
of the Company Disclosure Letter also sets forth the jurisdiction
of organization and percentage of outstanding equity interests
(including partnership interests and limited liability company
interests) owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries. All equity
interests (including partnership interests and limited liability
company interests) of the Company’s Subsidiaries held by the
Company or by any other Subsidiary (i) have been duly and
validly authorized, (ii) are validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable and (iii) either (x) in the case of the
Company and Subsidiaries organized in the United States, have been
issued in compliance with the material provisions of the Securities
Act and (y) in the case of Subsidiaries organized outside the
United States, have been issued in compliance with all other
applicable securities Laws, except where failure to do so would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material
Adverse Effect. All such equity interests owned by the Company or
its Subsidiaries are free and clear of any Liens or limitation in
voting rights, other than restrictions imposed by applicable Law.
Except as set forth in Section 3.3 of the Company Disclosure
Letter, the Company and its Subsidiaries do not own, directly or
indirectly, any capital stock, voting securities or equity
interests in any Person other than its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.4.
Corporate Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation
.
(a) The
Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have
been duly and validly authorized by the Company Board of Directors
and, except for (i) in the case of the Merger, approval of
this Agreement by the holders of sixty-six and two-thirds percent
(66 2/3%) of all of the Shares entitled to be cast, if required by
applicable law and (ii) the filing of the Certificate of
Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, no
other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly and
validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming this
Agreement constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Parent and
Purchaser, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, subject to the effects of bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar Laws
relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, general
equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity
or at Law).
18
(b) Other
than in connection with or in compliance with (i) the filing
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware of the
Certificate of Merger and (ii) the approvals referenced in
Annex I (collectively, the “ Company Approvals
”), no authorization, consent or approval of, or filing with,
any United States or foreign governmental or regulatory agency,
commission, court, body, entity or authority (each, a “
Governmental Entity ”) is necessary, under applicable
Law, for the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby, except for such authorizations, consents,
approvals, permits, actions, notifications or filings that, if not
obtained or made, would not have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
(c) The
Company Board of Directors has unanimously approved this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated hereby (including the Offer and
the Merger), which approval, to the extent applicable, constituted
approval under the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL as a
result of which this Agreement and the Transactions are not and
will not be subject to the restrictions on “business
combinations” under, the Section 203 of the
DGCL.
(d) Except
as described in Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure Letter,
the execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement does
not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and compliance with the provisions hereof by the Company will not,
(i) result in any violation of, or default (with or without
notice or lapse of time, or both) under, require consent under, or
give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration
of any obligation or to the loss of any benefit under any loan,
guarantee of indebtedness or credit agreement, note, bond,
mortgage, indenture, lease, agreement, contract, instrument,
permit, Company Permit, concession, franchise, right or license
binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or result in
the creation of any liens, claims, mortgages, encumbrances,
pledges, security interests, equities or charges of any kind (each,
a “ Lien ”) upon any of the properties or assets
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (ii) conflict with
or result in any violation of any provision of the certificate or
articles of incorporation or bylaws or other equivalent
organizational document of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
or (iii) assuming that the consents and approvals referred to in
Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure Letter are duly
obtained, conflict with or violate any applicable Laws, other than,
in the case of clauses (i) and (iii), as would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(e) The
affirmative vote (in person or by proxy) of the holders of
sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the outstanding
Shares in favor of the adoption of this Agreement is the only vote
or approval of the holders of any class or series of capital stock
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which is necessary to
adopt this Agreement and approve the Transactions.
Section 3.5.
Reports and Financial Statements .
(a) The
Company has filed or otherwise transmitted all forms, documents,
certifications, statements and reports, including any amendments
thereto (the “ Company SEC Documents ”) required
to be filed prior to the date hereof by it with the SEC since
January 1, 2005. As of their respective dates, or, if amended,
as of the date of the last such amendment prior to the date hereof,
the Company SEC Documents complied as to form, in all
material
19
respects, with
the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“ Securities Act ”), and the Exchange Act, as
the case may be, and the applicable rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. None of the Company SEC Documents so filed
contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to
state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. To the
Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC Documents is the
subject of ongoing SEC review, investigation or enforcement action.
None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required to file
periodic reports with the SEC pursuant to any contractual
commitment or to the Exchange Act.
(b) The
consolidated financial statements (including any related notes
thereto) of the Company included in the Company SEC Documents
fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial
position of the Company and its Subsidiaries, as of the date
thereof, and the consolidated statements of operations, cash flows
and changes in stockholders’ equity for the respective
periods indicated (subject, in the case of the unaudited
statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments and to any other
adjustments described therein, including the absence of notes
thereto, none of which has been or will be, individually or in the
aggregate, material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a
whole) and have been prepared in accordance with United States
generally accepted accounting principles (“ GAAP
”) (except, in the case of the unaudited statements or
foreign Subsidiaries, as permitted by the SEC, which have been
prepared in accordance with GAAP of their respective jurisdictions)
applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except
as may be indicated therein or in the notes thereto).
Section 3.6.
Internal Controls and Procedures .
(a) The
Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and
procedures and internal control over financial reporting (as such
terms are defined in paragraphs (e) and (f), respectively, of
Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act) as required by
Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act. The Company’s
disclosure controls and procedures are reasonably designed to
ensure that material information required to be disclosed by the
Company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act are
communicated to the management of the Company as appropriate to
allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to make
the certifications required pursuant to Sections 302 and 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley
Act ”). The Company’s principal executive officer
and its principal financial officer have disclosed, based on their
most recent evaluation of internal control over financial
reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee
of the Board of Directors of the Company (x) all significant
deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information and (y) any fraud, whether or not material, that
involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
The principal executive officer and the principal financial officer
of the Company have made all certifications required by the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Exchange Act and any related rules and
regulations promulgated by the SEC with respect to the Company SEC
Documents, and the statements contained in such certifications are
complete and correct.
20
(b) The
Company has maintained whistleblower procedures that satisfy and
comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and all
other applicable Laws. Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has received or otherwise had or obtained Knowledge of
any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether
written or oral, regarding the accounting or auditing practices,
procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or their respective internal accounting controls,
including any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim
that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in
questionable accounting or auditing practices. To the Knowledge of
the Company, no attorney representing the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, has reported evidence of a material violation of
federal securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar
violation by the Company or any of its officers, directors,
employees or agents to the board of directors of the Company or any
committee thereof or to any director or officer of the
Company.
(c) The
Company has adopted a code of ethics, as defined by Item 406(b) of
Regulation S-K, for senior financial officers, applicable to
its principal financial officer, comptroller or principal
accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions. The
Company has promptly disclosed any change in or waiver of the
Company’s code of ethics with respect to any such persons, as
required by Section 406(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. To the
Knowledge of the Company, there have been no violations of
provisions of the Company’s code of ethics by, or any waivers
thereof for the benefit of, any such persons.
Section 3.7.
No Undisclosed Liabilities .
(a) Except
(i) as reflected or reserved against in the Company’s
consolidated balance sheets (or the notes thereto) included in the
Company SEC Documents; (ii) for the Transactions contemplated
by this Agreement; and (iii) for liabilities and obligations
incurred in the ordinary course of business since
September 30, 2006, the Company has no liabilities or
obligations of any nature, whether or not accrued, contingent or
otherwise, whether known or unknown and whether due or to become
due that, individually or in the aggregate, have had or would have
a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.7(b) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party
to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture,
off-balance sheet partnership or any similar Contract (including
any Contract or arrangement relating to any transaction or
relationship between or among the Company and any of its
Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any unconsolidated Affiliate,
including any structured finance, special purpose or limited
purpose entity or Person, on the other hand or any
“off-balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in Item
303(a) of Regulation S-K of the SEC)).
Section 3.8.
Compliance with Law; Permits .
(a) Except
for any non-compliance, default or violation that would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries, since December 31, 2004, has been in compliance
with and is not in default under or in violation of any applicable
law, rule, regulation, judgment, order, decree or other legal
requirement
21
(including
common law) (collectively, “ Laws ” and each, a
“ Law ”) and any Company Permits, applicable to
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any of their properties or
other assets or any of their businesses or operations. Since
December 31, 2004, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has received written notice to the effect that a
Governmental Entity claimed or alleged that the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries was not in compliance in any material respect with
all Laws applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any
of their properties or other assets or any of their businesses or
operations. No representation or warranty is made in this
Section 3.8 with respect to (a) compliance with the
federal securities laws to the extent such compliance is covered by
Sections 3.5, 3.6, 3.14 and 3.23 hereof, representations and
warranties with respect to which are covered in such sections to
such extent, (b) applicable laws with respect to Taxes, which
are covered by Section 3.15 hereof, (c) Environmental
Laws, which are covered by Section 3.9 hereof or
(d) Company Benefit Plan matters, which are covered by Section
3.10 hereof.
(b) The
Company and its Subsidiaries are in possession of all
authorizations, licenses, permits, exceptions, consents, approvals
and franchises of any Governmental Entity necessary for the Company
and its Subsidiaries to carry on their businesses as they are now
being conducted (the “ Company Permits ”),
except where the failure to have any of the Company Permits would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
Section 3.9.
Environmental Laws and Regulations .
(a) Except
as would not reasonably be expected to result in a material
liability under Environmental Law or as set forth in
Section 3.9 of the Company Disclosure Letter, (i) the
Company and each of its Subsidiaries are and have been in
compliance since February 13, 2002 with all applicable
Environmental Laws; (ii) there has been no release of any
Hazardous Substance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at
any properties, while owned or operated by the Company or any
Subsidiary, in any manner that would reasonably be expected to give
rise to any remedial obligation or corrective action requirement
under applicable Environmental Laws; (iii) neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has received in writing any notices,
demand letters or requests for information from any federal, state,
local or foreign or provincial Governmental Entity asserting that
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of, or
liable under, any Environmental Law; (iv) to the
Company’s Knowledge, no Hazardous Substance generated by the
Company or any Subsidiary has been disposed of, or released at or
transported to any other property in violation of any applicable
Environmental Law, or in a manner giving rise to any liability of
the Company or any Subsidiary under Environmental Law;
(v) neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries are subject to,
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, have been threatened with any
suit, preceding, settlement, court order, administrative order,
judgment or written claim arising under any Environmental Law
relating to environmental liabilities; (vi) to the
Company’s Knowledge, no environmental conditions exist with
respect to the operations of the business by the Company or
Subsidiaries or real property currently or formerly owned or leased
by the Company or its Subsidiaries that would reasonably be
expected to result in the Company or its Subsidiaries incurring
material liabilities under Environmental Law; and (vii) to the
Company’s Knowledge, the Company has made available for
inspection copies of all environmental reports, assessments, such
as Phase I or Phase II assessments, risk assessments or other
sampling reports, and material correspondence related to
environmental
22
claims or
matters involving the Company or any Subsidiaries in the last five
years in the possession, custody, or control of the Company or its
Subsidiaries.
(b) The
representations and warranties in this Section 3.9 are the
exclusive representations and warranties in this Agreement with
respect to environmental matters, including without limitation,
Hazardous Substances and Environmental Laws.
Section 3.10.
Employee Benefit Plans .
(a) Section 3.10(a)
of the Company Disclosure Letter lists all Company Benefit Plans
and Company Foreign Plans. “ Company Benefit Plans
” means all compensation or employee benefit plans, programs,
policies, agreements or other arrangements, whether or not
“employee benefit plans” (within the meaning of
Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”), whether or not
subject to ERISA), providing cash- or equity-based compensation or
incentives, health, medical, dental, disability, accident or life
insurance benefits or vacation, severance, change in control,
retention, retirement, pension or savings benefits, that are
sponsored, maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, affiliates or any trade or business (whether or
not incorporated) which is under common control, or which is
treated as a single employer with any of them under
Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code (“
ERISA Affiliate ”) for the benefit of employees,
directors or consultants employed or formerly employed by, or
providing services to, the Company or its Subsidiaries in the
United States and all employment or related agreements providing
compensation, vacation, severance, change in control, retention or
other benefits to any employee or consultant employed or formerly
employed by, or providing services to, the Company or its
Subsidiaries in the United States.
(b) No
material action, dispute, suit, claim, arbitration, or legal,
administrative or other proceeding or governmental action (other
than claims for benefits in the ordinary course) is pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened with respect to any
Company Benefit Plan (other than a “multiemployer plan”
(within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA) (a “
Multiemployer Plan ”)) by any current or former
employee, officer or director of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
(c) Except
as set forth in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA
Affiliates has any obligation or liability, contingent or
otherwise, with respect to any Multiemployer Plan or any plan
subject to Title IV of ERISA (“ Title IV Plan
”). Furthermore, except as set forth in Section 3.10(c)
of the Company Disclosure Letter, neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates has terminated any Title IV
Plan or incurred any outstanding liability under Section 4062
of ERISA within the past six (6) years.
(d) Correct
and complete copies of the following documents, with respect to
each of the Company Benefit Plans (other than a Multiemployer
Plan), have been made available or delivered to Purchaser, to the
extent applicable: (i) any plans, all amendments thereto and
related trust documents, and amendments thereto; (ii) the most
recent Form 5500 and all schedules thereto and the most recent
actuarial report, if any; (iii) the most recent IRS
23
determination
letter and (iv) summary plan descriptions and all summaries of
material modifications.
(e) Each
Company Benefit Plan (other than a Multiemployer Plan) has been
established and administered in compliance with its terms and in
compliance with ERISA and the Code to the extent applicable
thereto, except for such non-compliance which would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. Any Company Benefit Plan (other
than a Multiemployer Plan) intended to be qualified under Section
401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter
from the United States Internal Revenue Service that has not been
revoked and to the Knowledge of the Company, no fact or event has
occurred since the date of such determination letter or letters
from the Internal Revenue Service that would reasonably be expected
to affect adversely the qualified status of any such Company
Benefit Plan.
(f) All
contributions (including all employer contributions and employee
salary reduction contributions) required to be made to any Company
Benefit Plan or related trust by applicable Law or by any plan
document or other contractual undertaking, and all premiums due or
payable with respect to insurance policies funding any Company
Benefit Plan, for any period through the date hereof have been
timely made or paid in full or, to the extent not required to be
made or paid on or before the date hereof, have been fully
reflected on the financial statements included in the Company SEC
Documents.
(g) Except
as set forth in Section 3.10(g) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement will not, either alone or in combination with another
event, (i) entitle any current or former employee, consultant
or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance
pay, retention bonuses, parachute payments, non-competition
payments, unemployment compensation or any other payment, except as
required by applicable Law; (ii) accelerate the time of
payment, vesting, or funding of benefits, or increase the amount of
compensation due any such current or former employee, consultant or
officer, except as expressly provided in this Agreement; or
(iii) result in any forgiveness of indebtedness or obligation
to fund benefits with respect to any such employee, director or
officer. Except as set forth in Section 3.10(g) of the Company
Disclosure Letter, no payments made a result of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement shall constitute “excess
parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G
of the Code.
(h) Except
as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, all Company
Foreign Plans (i) have been maintained in accordance with all
applicable requirements; (ii) if they are intended to qualify
for special Tax treatment meet all necessary requirements for such
treatment; and (iii) if they are intended to be funded and/or
book-reserved are funded and/or book-reserved, as appropriate,
based upon reasonable actuarial assumptions and in accordance with
applicable Law.
(i) Except
as set forth in Section 3.10(i) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, none of the Company Benefit Plans provide for
post-employment life or health insurance, benefits or coverage for
any participant or any beneficiary of a participant, except as may
be required under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation
Act of 1985, as amended (“COBRA”).
24
Section 3.11.
Interested Party Transactions . Except for employment
Contracts filed with or incorporated in a Company SEC Document or
Company Benefit Plans, Section 3.11 of the Company Disclosure
Letter sets forth a correct and complete list of the contracts or
arrangements that are in effect as of the date of this Agreement
under which the Company has any existing or future material
liabilities between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the
one hand, and, on the other hand, any (a) present officer or
director of either the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any
person that has served as such an officer or director or any of
such officer’s or director’s immediate family members
or (b) record or beneficial owner of more than 5% of the
Shares as of the date hereof (each, an “ Affiliate
Transaction ”). The Company has provided to Parent
correct and complete copies of each Contract or other relevant
documentation (including any amendments or modifications thereto)
available as of the date hereof providing for each Affiliate
Transaction.
Section 3.12.
Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Since
September 30, 2006, except as otherwise required or
contemplated by this Agreement, the business of the Company and its
Subsidiaries has been conducted, in all material respects, in the
ordinary course of business and there have not been any facts,
circumstances, events, changes, effects or occurrences that, would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
Section 3.13.
Investigations; Litigation . Except as disclosed in
Section 3.13 of the Company Disclosure Letter, there are no
(a) investigations, administrative, arbitral, legal or other
proceedings pending (or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened) by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or (b) actions, suits or
proceedings pending against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
or any of their respective properties before, and there are no
orders, injunctions, judgments, rulings or decrees of, any
Governmental Entity against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
in each case of clause (a) or (b), other than that which would
not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.13 of the Company Disclosure Letter, neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any written
settlement or compromise of a legal proceeding that is material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Section 3.14.
Information in the Offer Documents and the
Schedule 14D-9 . The information supplied by the Company
expressly for inclusion in the Offer Documents will not, when filed
with the SEC, when distributed or disseminated to the
Company’s stockholders or at the expiration of the Offer,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The
Schedule 14D-9 will comply as to form in all material respects
with the provisions of Rule 14d-9 of the Exchange Act and any
other applicable federal securities laws and will not when filed
with the SEC or distributed or disseminated to the Company’s
stockholders, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading, except that the Company makes no representation or
warranty with respect to statements made in the Schedule 14D-9
based on information furnished by Parent or Purchaser expressly for
inclusion therein.
25
Section 3.15.
Tax Matters .
(a) Except
as would not otherwise be material, (i) each of the Company
and its Subsidiaries has timely filed or caused to be filed (taking
into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax
Returns required to be filed by any of them and all such Tax
Returns are true, correct and complete; (ii) all Taxes
required to have been paid by, or on behalf of, the Company and its
Subsidiaries have been paid; (iii) the unpaid Taxes of the
Company did not, as of the date of the most recent financial
statements contained in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to
the date hereof, exceed the reserve for Taxes (excluding any
reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect timing
differences between book and Tax income) set forth in the most
recent balance sheet contained therein, unless such Taxes are being
contested in good faith; (iv) there are no audits,
examinations, investigations or other proceedings pending or
threatened in writing in respect of Taxes or Tax matters of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (v) there are no Liens for
Taxes on any of the assets of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries other than statutory Liens for Taxes not yet due and
payable or Liens for Taxes that are being contested in good faith
and for which adequate reserves have been established on the
financial statements of the contained in the Company SEC Documents
in accordance with GAAP; and (vi) neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries has waived any statute of limitations with
respect to Taxes or agreed to an extension of time with respect to
a Tax assessment or deficiency.
(b) Except
as would not otherwise material, (i) the Company and its
Subsidiaries have withheld and timely paid all amounts of Taxes
required to have been withheld and paid over by them and have
complied in all material respects with all applicable laws relating
to the withholding and payment of Taxes, (ii) neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any tax sharing,
allocation, indemnity or similar agreement or arrangement (whether
or not written) pursuant to which it will have any obligation to
make any payments after the Closing, and (iii) neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been a member of an
affiliated group (within the meaning of Section 1504 of the
Code or any similar provision of law) other than group of which the
Company is the common parent. The Company is not, and has not been
at any time during the past five years, a “United States real
property holding corporation” within the meaning of Section
897(c) of the Code.
(c) As
used in this Agreement, (i) “ Tax ” or “
Taxes ” means (A) any and all federal, state,
local or foreign or provincial taxes, imposts, levies or other
assessments, including all net income, gross receipts, capital,
sales, use, ad valorem, value added, transfer, franchise, profits,
inventory, capital stock, license, withholding, payroll,
employment, social security, unemployment, excise, severance,
stamp, occupation, property and estimated taxes, customs duties,
fees, assessments and charges of any kind whatsoever, including any
and all interest, penalties, fines, additions to tax or additional
amounts imposed by any Governmental Entity in connection with
respect thereto, and (B) any liability in respect of any item
described in clause (A) payable by reason of Treasury
Regulation Section 1.1502-6(a) (or any analogous or
similar provision under law) or otherwise, and (ii) “ Tax
Return ” means any return, report or similar filing
(including any attached schedules, supplements and additional or
supporting material) filed or required to be filed with respect to
Taxes, including any information return, claim for refund, amended
return or declaration of estimated Taxes (and including any
amendments with respect thereto).
26
Section 3.16.
Labor Matters . Except for such matters which would not have
a Company Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries has received written notice during the past two
years of the intent of any Governmental Entity responsible for the
enforcement of labor, employment, occupational health and safety or
workplace safety and insurance/workers compensation Laws to conduct
an investigation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and, to
the Knowledge of the Company, no such investigation is in progress.
Except for such matters that would not have a Company Material
Adverse Effect, (a) there are no (and have not been during the
two year period preceding the date hereof) strikes or lockouts with
respect to any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(b) there is no unfair labor practice, labor dispute (other
than routine individual grievances) or labor arbitration proceeding
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (c) there is no slowdown
or work stoppage in effect or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened with respect to employees; and (d) there has been
no “mass layoff” or “plant closing” as
defined in the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
(“ WARN ”) with respect to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries within the six (6) months prior to
Closing.
Section 3.17.
Intellectual Property . Section 3.17 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule sets forth, but only to the extent material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, all issued or
pending patents, registered or pending trademarks, trade names,
service marks, registered copyrights and internet domain names
owned or applied for by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(i) except as set forth in Section 3.17 of the Company
Disclosure Letter either the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company
has the exclusive right, title and interest free and clear of any
Liens to all material trademarks, trade names, service marks,
service names, mark registrations, logos, assumed names, registered
and unregistered copyrights, patents or applications and
registrations (collectively, the “ Intellectual
Property ”) owned or claimed to be owned by the Company
or its Subsidiaries (the “ Company Intellectual
Property ”), and has rights under valid and enforceable
license agreements to use Intellectual Property licensed from third
parties (“ Licensed Intellectual Property ”),
and (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, the operation of the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ businesses as currently
conducted do not infringe, constitute an unauthorized use of or
misappropriate any Intellectual Property of any third Person. To
the Knowledge of the Company, the Company Intellectual Property is
valid and enforceable. Except as set forth in Section 3.17 of
the Company Disclosure Letter, (i) in the last two years there
have been no written claims or legal proceedings or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened claims by any person alleging
infringement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect
to any Company Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual
Property; (ii) in the last two years neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has made any written claim to a third
Person asserting a violation or infringement by any third Person of
its rights to or in connection with the Company Intellectual
Property or the Licensed Intellectual Property; (iii) to the
Knowledge of the Company, no person is infringing any material
Company Intellectual Property; and (iv) none of the Company or
its Subsidiaries is a party to any existing written agreement
pursuant to which the Company or any Subsidiary has licensed to any
unaffiliated third Person the use of any trademark listed on
Schedule 3.17 of the Company Disclosure Agreement.
Section 3.18.
Property . Section 3.18 of the Company Disclosure
Letter sets forth all material real property owned by the Company
and its Subsidiaries and all material real property
27
leases to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any
of them are bound. The Company or a Subsidiary of the Company owns
and has good and indefeasible title to all of its owned real
property and has valid leasehold interests in all of its leased
properties and has good title to all of its material personal
property, sufficient to conduct their respective businesses as
currently conducted, free and clear of all Liens (except in all
cases for Liens permissible under any applicable loan agreements
and indentures set forth in Section 3.21 of the Company
Disclosure Letter and for title exceptions, defects, encumbrances,
liens, charges, restrictions, restrictive covenants and other
matters, whether or not of record, which in the aggregate do not
materially affect the continued use of the property for the
purposes for which the property is currently being
used).
Section 3.19.
Opinion of Financial Advisor . (i) The Board of
Directors of the Company has received the opinion (the “
Fairness Opinion ”) of Sagent Advisors Inc. (the
“ Company Financial Advisor ”), to the effect
that, as of the date hereof, the consideration to be received in
the Offer and the Merger by the holders of the Shares is fair to
such stockholders from a financial point of view, and such Fairness
Opinion has not been modified or withdrawn, and (ii) the
Company has been authorized by Sagent Advisors Inc. to include the
Fairness Opinion and/or references thereto in the Offer Documents,
the Schedule 14D-9 and any Proxy Statement, subject to prior
review and consent by Sagent Advisors Inc.
Section 3.20.
Insurance . As of the date hereof, the Company and each of
its Subsidiaries are insured against such losses and risks and in
such amounts as are customary in the business in which they are
engaged. Section 3.20 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a correct and complete list of all material policies
(including information on the premiums payable in connection
therewith and the scope and amount of the coverage provided
thereunder) maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in material
breach or default of any such insurance policies, and neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have taken any action or failed
to take any action that, with notice or lapse of time, would
constitute such a material breach or default, or permit termination
or modification of such policies. No written notice of cancellation
or termination has been received with respect to any such policy.
The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
will not, in and of itself, cause the revocation, cancellation or
termination of any insurance policy.
Section 3.21.
Material Contracts .
(a) Except
for this Agreement, the Company Benefit Plans or Contracts filed by
the Company with the SEC as exhibits to its Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 or to
subsequent Exchange Act reports filed prior to the date hereof,
Section 3.21 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth all
of the following Contracts to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which it is bound (the “
Company Material Contracts ”):
(i)
Contracts that are a “material contract” (as such term
is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K of the
SEC) to the Company;
28
(ii) Contracts
that contain any provision that prior to or following the Effective
Time would by its terms materially restrict or alter the conduct of
business of, or purport to materially restrict or alter the conduct
of business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, Parent or,
to the Company’s Knowledge, any Affiliate of Parent (other
than any director, officer or employee of any of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries);
(iii) Contracts
for partnerships, joint ventures or strategic alliances;
(iv) Contracts
in an amount in excess of Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars
($250,000) per year (A) for the acquisition, sale or lease of
material properties or assets (by merger, purchase or sale of stock
or assets or otherwise) entered into since January 1, 2004,
other than in the ordinary course of business, (B) that grant
to any Person any preferential rights to purchase any of its
properties or assets or (C) relating to the acquisition by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any operating business or the
capital stock of any other Person;
(v) Loan
or credit agreements, mortgages, indentures, notes or other
Contracts or instruments evidencing indebtedness for borrowed money
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Contract or
instrument pursuant to which indebtedness for borrowed money may be
incurred or is guaranteed by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(vi) Contracts
relating to the license of material Company Intellectual Property
to a third Person;
(vii) Mortgages,
pledges, security agreements, deeds of trust or other Contracts
granting a Lien on any material real property or any material
property or assets of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(viii) Company
real property leases and all leases related to any material
tangible personal property of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(ix) Contracts,
purchase agreements or other similar documents that obligate the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries in an amount in excess of Two
Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) per year or for which
another Person is obligated to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries in excess of such amount;
(x) Collective
bargaining agreements or other Contracts with any labor union and
employment Contracts (other than for employment at-will or similar
arrangements) that are not terminable by the Company without notice
and without cost to the Company;
(xi) Contracts
for indemnification or guarantees that are or could be material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (in each case,
under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing
obligations as of the date hereof);
(xii) Contracts
that give any guarantee or warranty of products or services of the
Company or its Subsidiaries, other than any warranty or guarantee
implied by Law or consistent with those offered by the Company in
the ordinary course of business; and
29
(xiii) Contracts
that (A) grant any exclusive distribution agreement or supply
agreement or other exclusive rights, (B) grant any “most
favored nation” rights, rights of first refusal, rights of
first negotiation or similar rights with respect to any product, or
(C) contain any provision that requires the purchase of all or
a given portion of the Company’s or any of its
Subsidiaries’ requirements from a given third party, or any
similar provision.
(b)
(i) The Company has heretofore made available to Parent
correct and complete copies of each Company Material Contract in
existence as of the date hereof, together with any and all
amendments and supplements thereto and material “side
letters” and similar documentation relating thereto;
(ii) each Company Material Contract is valid, binding and in
full force and effect and is enforceable in all material respects
in accordance with its terms by the Company and its Subsidiaries
party thereto; and (iii) neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is in default under, has received written notice of,
or otherwise has Knowledge of, the existence of any event or
condition which constitutes, or, after notice or lapse of time or
both, will constitute, a default on the part of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries under any such Company Material Contract,
except where such defaults would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.22.
Finders or Brokers .
(a) Except
for the Company Financial Advisor, neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries has engaged any investment banker, broker or
finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement who might be entitled to any fee or any commission in
connection with or upon consummation of the Offer or the Merger
based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company. The
Company has heretofore delivered to Parent a correct and complete
copy of the Company’s engagement letter with the Company
Financial Advisor, which letter describes all fees payable to the
Company Financial Advisor in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereby, all agreements under which any such fees or
any expenses are payable and all indemnification and other
agreements related to the engagement of the Company Financial
Advisor (the “ Engagement Letter ”).
Section 3.23.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; Certain Business Practices .
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the
Company’s Knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee
or other Person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, has, in any material respect, (i) violated any
provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended,
(ii) used any corporate or other funds for unlawful
contributions, payments, gifts, or entertainment, or made any
unlawful expenditures relating to political activity to foreign or
domestic government officials, employees or others or established
or maintained any unlawful or unrecorded funds in violation of
Section 30A of the Exchange Act, (iii) accepted or
received any unlawful contributions, payments, gifts or
expenditures or (iv) made, offered or authorized any unlawful
bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other similar
unlawful payment.
Section 3.24.
State Takeover Statutes . Assuming that the representations
of Parent and Purchaser contained in Section 4.6 hereof are
accurate, the Company Board of Directors has taken all necessary
actions so that the restrictions on business combinations set forth
in Section 203 of the DGCL and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
any other similar applicable law are
30
not applicable
to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby,
including the Offer and the Merger.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND PURCHASER
Except
as disclosed in the disclosure letter delivered by Parent to the
Company concurrent with the execution of this Agreement (the
“ Parent Disclosure Letter ”), Parent and
Purchaser jointly and severally represent and warrant to the
Company as follows:
Section 4.1.
Qualification; Organization .
(a) Each
of Parent and Purchaser is a corporation validly existing and in
good standing under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of
organization. Each of Parent and Purchaser has all requisite
corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently
conducted, except where the failure to have such power or authority
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Parent Material
Adverse Effect (as defined below). Parent has furnished to the
Company a complete and correct copy of the certificate of
incorporation and the bylaws of each of Parent and Purchaser as
currently in effect.
(b) Each
of Parent and Purchaser is qualified to do business and is in good
standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the
ownership, leasing or operation of its assets or properties or
conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where
the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not,
individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay or
materially impede t
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