Agreement
and Plan of Merger
Football
Merger Sub Inc.,
The
Shareholder Representative (as defined herein)
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1
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1
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1
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Section 1.3 Effective Time
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2
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Section 1.4 Effects of the
Merger
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2
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Section 1.5 Articles of Incorporation;
By-laws
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2
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Section 1.6 Directors and
Officers
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2
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Section 1.7 Deliveries at the
Closing
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2
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ARTICLE 2. CONVERSION OF SHARES
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5
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Section 2.1 Merger Consideration
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5
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Section 2.2 Conversion of
Securities
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7
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Section 2.3 Treatment of Company Stock
Options
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8
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Section 2.4 Surrender of Shares;
Distribution of Merger Consideration; Stock Transfer
Books
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Section 2.5 Dissenting Shares
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11
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Section 2.6 No Further Ownership Rights in
the Shares
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Section 2.7 Shareholder
Representative
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12
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Section 2.8 Withholding Taxes
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Section 2.9 Further Action
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ARTICLE 3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
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13
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Section 3.1 Organization; Charter
Documents
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Section 3.2 Capitalization of the
Company
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14
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Section 3.3 Corporate Authorization; Board
and Shareholder Approval
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Section 3.4 Governmental
Approvals
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16
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Section 3.5 Non-Contravention
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17
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Section 3.6 Financial Statements; No
Undisclosed Liabilities; Internal and Disclosure Controls; Accounts
Receivable; Accounts Payable; Cash
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17
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Section 3.7 Absence of Certain
Changes
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19
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21
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Section 3.9 Real Property; Title to
Assets
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22
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Section 3.10 Company Intellectual
Property
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25
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-i-
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26
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Section 3.13 Employee Benefit
Plans
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28
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Section 3.14 Compliance with Laws;
Permits
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31
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Section 3.15 Environmental
Matters
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31
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Section 3.16 Company Material
Contracts
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32
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Section 3.17 Finders’ Fees
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35
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Section 3.18 Transactions with
Affiliates
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35
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Section 3.19 Labor Matters
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35
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Section 3.20 Hart-Scott-Rodino
Matters
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35
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Section 3.21 Clients and
Suppliers
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36
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Section 3.22 Books and Records
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37
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Section 3.23 Powers of Attorney
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Section 3.24 Full Disclosure
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ARTICLE 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND SUB
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37
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Section 4.1 Organization and
Power
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Section 4.2 Corporate
Authorization
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37
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Section 4.3 Governmental
Authorization
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38
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Section 4.4 Non-Contravention
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38
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Section 4.5 Information Supplied
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Section 4.7 Finders’ Fees
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Section 4.10 Stock Consideration
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Section 5.1 Interim Operations of the
Company
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Section 5.2 Employee Matters
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Section 5.3 Shareholders
Approval
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41
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Section 5.5 Directors’ and
Officers’ Insurance
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Section 5.6 Proxy Statement
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Section 5.7 Cooperation; Best
Efforts
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-ii-
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Section 5.9 No Negotiation
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Section 5.10 Preliminary Distribution
Schedule
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45
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Section 5.11 Resales of Parent
Stock
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45
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Section 5.12 Delivery of Post-Signing
Financial Statements
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46
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46
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Section 6.1 Conditions to the Obligations
of Parent and Sub
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46
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Section 6.2 Condition to the Obligation of
the Company
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47
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ARTICLE 7. SURVIVAL; INDEMNIFICATION
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48
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48
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Section 7.2 Funding of Escrow
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Section 7.3 Post-Closing
Indemnification
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49
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Section 7.4 Shareholder
Indemnification
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53
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Section 7.5 Procedures and Related
Covenants
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53
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Section 7.6 Exclusive Post-Closing
Remedy
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57
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Section 7.7 Liability
Limitations
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Section 7.8 No Contribution
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57
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57
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Section 8.2 Notice of Termination; Effect
of Termination
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58
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58
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Section 9.2 Amendment and
Modification
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60
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60
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Section 9.4 Interpretation
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62
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Section 9.6 Entire Agreement; No Third
Party Beneficiaries
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62
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Section 9.8 Specific Performance
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63
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Section 9.9 Governing Law; Dispute
Resolution and Jurisdiction
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64
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Section 9.11 Transaction
Expenses
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-iii-
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Form of Voting
Agreement
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Form of Legal
Opinion (Company)
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Form of Legal
Opinion (Parent)
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Form of
Indemnification Escrow Agreement
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Form of
Non-Competition Agreement
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Form of
Accredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal
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Final
Distribution Schedule
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Form of
Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal
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Form of
Optionholder Letter of Transmittal
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Shareholder
Representative Scope of Authority
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List of
Schedules
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Company
Payments
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-iv-
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
This Agreement and
Plan of Merger (this “ Agreement ”) is entered
into on May 1, 2009 (the “ Signing Date ”)
by and among Blackboard, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“
Parent ”), Football Merger Sub Inc., an Indiana
corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“
Sub ”), ANGEL Learning, Inc., an Indiana corporation
(the “ Company ”) and Christopher D. Clapp, in
his capacity as the Shareholder Representative appointed pursuant
to Section 2.7 hereof.
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1.
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The
board of directors of the Company has approved this Agreement and
determined that the Merger, including the consideration to be paid
for each of the outstanding common shares of the Company
(collectively, the “ Shares ”) in the Merger, is
fair and advisable to and in the best interests of the Company and
its shareholders;
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2.
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Shareholders of the Company holding
at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of the Company have entered into a Voting Agreements
in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit
A (the “
Voting Agreement ”), in which such shareholders have
covenanted and agreed, for the benefit of Parent, to vote all of
their shares of Company capital stock in favor of the Merger (as
defined below) and the rest of the transactions contemplated
hereby; and
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3.
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The
boards of directors of Parent and Sub have approved, and deem it
advisable to enter into, this Agreement.
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Now, Therefore, in
consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, the parties
hereto agree as follows:
Section 1.1
The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of
this Agreement, and in accordance with the Indiana Business
Corporation Law (“ IBCL ”), at the Effective
Time, Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (the “
Merger ”). As a result of the Merger, the separate
corporate existence of Sub shall cease and the Company shall
continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger (the “
Surviving Corporation ”). The Surviving Corporation
shall continue to be governed by the laws of the State of
Indiana.
Section 1.2
Closing. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set
forth in this Agreement, the closing of the Merger (the “
Closing ”) shall take place at 9:00 a.m. Eastern
Daylight Time on a date which shall be the second business day
after satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article 6, at the offices of Barnes & Thornburg LLP, 11
South Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-3535, or at such
other time, date or place as agreed to in writing by the parties
hereto. The date on which the Closing actually takes place is
referred to herein as the “ Closing Date ”.
Subject to the provisions of Article 8, failure to close
the
Agreement And Plan Of
Merger
Merger on the
date and time and at the place determined pursuant to this
Section 1.2 will not automatically result in the termination
of this Agreement and will not automatically relieve any party of
any obligation under this Agreement. In such a situation, the
Closing will occur as soon as reasonably practicable, subject to
Article 8.
Section 1.3
Effective Time. Upon the Closing, the parties hereto shall
cause the Merger to be consummated by filing articles of merger
(the “ Articles of Merger ”) with the Secretary
of State of the State of Indiana, in such form as required by, and
executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of, the IBCL.
The date and time of the filing of the Articles of Merger with the
Secretary of State of the State of Indiana (or such later time as
shall be agreed to by the parties hereto and is specified in the
Articles of Merger) will be the “ Effective Time
”.
Section 1.4
Effects of the Merger. The Merger shall have the effects set
forth in the applicable provisions of the IBCL. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the
Effective Time all the property, rights, privileges, immunities,
powers and franchises of the Company and Sub shall vest in the
Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the
Company and Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of
the Surviving Corporation.
Section 1.5
Articles of Incorporation; By-laws . At the Effective Time
and without any further action on the part of the Company or Sub,
the articles of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be
amended and restated as of the Effective Time to conform to the
articles of incorporation of Sub as in effect immediately prior to
the Effective Time, except that the articles of incorporation shall
reflect as of the Effective Time “ANGEL Learning, Inc.”
as the name of the Surviving Corporation, until thereafter amended
as provided therein and under the IBCL. At the Effective Time and
without any further action on the part of the Company or Sub, the
by-laws of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated
as of the Effective Time to conform to the by-laws of Sub as in
effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, until thereafter
amended or repealed in accordance with their terms, the articles of
incorporation of the Surviving Corporation, and the
IBCL.
Section 1.6
Directors and Officers . The directors of Sub immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the
Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the
articles of incorporation and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation,
and the officers of Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each
case until their respective successors are duly elected or
appointed and qualified.
Section 1.7
Deliveries at the Closing . At the Closing:
(a) the Company
shall deliver to Parent an opinion, dated as of the Closing Date,
of counsel to the Company, in substantially the form attached
hereto as Exhibit B ;
(b) the Parent
shall deliver to the Company an opinion, dated as of the Closing
Date, of counsel to the Parent, in substantially the form attached
hereto as Exhibit C ;
2
(c) the Company
shall deliver to Parent (i) a copy of the Company Charter
Documents, including all amendments thereto, certified by the
Secretary of State of Indiana as of the Closing Date or any of the
five preceding business days, (ii) a certificate from
(1) the Secretary of State of Indiana to the effect that the
Company is in existence in Indiana on the Closing Date, (2) a
certificate from the Secretary of State of New York and a
certificate from the Secretary of State of New Jersey to the effect
that the Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign
corporation and is in good standing in the States of New York and
New Jersey on the Closing Date, (iii) a copy of the bylaws of
the Company, certified by the Secretary of the Company as being
true and correct and in effect on the Closing Date, (iv) a
copy of resolutions, certified as of the Closing Date by the
Secretary of the Company, adopted by the board of directors and
shareholders of the Company authorizing the execution and delivery
by the Company of this Agreement and the other documents
contemplated hereby to which the Company is a party, the
performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and
thereunder and the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby, (v) a copy of resolutions,
certified as of the Closing Date by the Secretary of the Company,
adopted by the board of directors of the Company terminating the
Company’s 401(k) plan prior to the Effective Time, and
(vi) a copy of resolutions, certified as of the Closing Date
by the Secretary of the Company, adopted by the board of directors
of the Company, authorizing the cancellation of the Company Stock
Options in exchange for the cash payments to be made pursuant to
Section 2.3 hereunder and the termination of the Company Stock
Option Plan on or before the Effective Time.
(d) the
Indemnification Escrow Agreement, in substantially the form
attached hereto as Exhibit D , shall have been executed
and delivered by the parties thereto;
(e) the Company
shall deliver to Parent Schedule 1.7(e) , which shall
list, in reasonable detail, (i) all dividends and
distributions paid or declared in respect of shares of the
Company’s capital stock (“ Dividends ”)
during the period beginning February 1, 2009 and ending at
11:59 p.m. EDT on the calendar day immediately preceding the
Closing Date (the “ Measurement Period ”),
(ii) all payments made to employees, consultants or directors
outside of the ordinary course of business or otherwise
inconsistent with past practices that have been paid during the
Measurement Period (including all amounts paid or payable in
respect of any Tax or other expense incurred or to be incurred by
the Company, the Surviving Corporation or Parent in connection with
such payments but excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any
Transaction Expenses, (collectively, the “ Pre-Closing
Transaction Payments ” and, together with the Dividends,
the “ Pre-Closing Company Payments ”),
(iii) all payments committed to be made, but which have not as
of the Closing been paid, to employees, consultants or directors
outside of the ordinary course of business or otherwise
inconsistent with past practices that have been committed during
the Measurement Period or as of the Closing Date (including all
amounts paid or payable in respect of any Tax or other expense
incurred or to be incurred by the Company, Surviving Corporation or
Parent in connection with such payments but excluding, for the
avoidance of doubt, any Transaction Expenses), which shall be paid
at the Effective Time or as soon as practicable thereafter (but in
no event more than three (3) business days after the Effective
Time) from the Surviving Corporation (collectively, the “
Closing Transaction
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Payments ”), (iv) all Taxes and other expenses
incurred or to be incurred by the Company, the Surviving
Corporation or Parent in connection with the payment of the
Optionholder Consideration to all holders of Company Stock Options
(collectively, the “ Company Option Tax Obligations
”) and (v) all Transaction Expenses;
(f) the Company
shall (i) deliver to Parent a statement conforming to the
requirements of Section 1.897-2(h)(1)(i) of the United States
Treasury Regulations, and (ii) deliver to the Internal Revenue
Service the notification required under Section 1.897-2(h)(2)
of the United States Treasury Regulations;
(g) the Company
shall deliver to Parent a resignation letter, effective as of the
Closing, executed by each individual serving as an officer of the
Company immediately prior to the Closing;
(h) each of
Christopher D. Clapp, Bryon Parnell, Ray Henderson, Candice Roberts
and David Mills, shall deliver to Parent a fully executed
non-compete agreement in favor of the Company, Surviving
Corporation and Parent in the form attached Exhibit E
(each, a “ Non-Compete Agreement ”);
(i) the Company
shall deliver to Parent letters in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit F
(each, an “ Accredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal ”) executed by all Company shareholders who
desire to represent that they are Accredited
Shareholders;
(j) the Company
shall deliver to Parent a certificate executed by its President
certifying that (A) each of the representations and warranties
made by the Company in Sections 3.3 and 3.20 of this Agreement
was accurate in all respects as of the Signing Date (other than
representations and warranties in such sections that expressly
speak as of a different date, in which case, such representations
and warranties shall have been accurate in all respects as of such
different date), and (B) each of the other representations and
warranties made by the Company in this Agreement was accurate in
all material respects as of the Signing Date (other than any other
representations and warranties that expressly speak as of a
different date, in which case, such other representations and
warranties shall have been accurate in all material respects as of
such different date);
(k) the Parent
shall deliver to the Company a certificate executed by its
President certifying that each of the representations and
warranties made by the Parent and the Sub in this Agreement is
accurate in all material respects as of the Signing Date (other
than representations that expressly speak as of a different
date);
(l) the Company
shall deliver to Parent a schedule in substantially the form
attached hereto as Exhibit G (the “ Final
Distribution Schedule ”) setting forth the calculations
of the (i) Merger Consideration, (ii) Closing Cash,
(iii) Dividends, (iv) Pre-Closing Transaction Payments,
(v) Closing Transaction Payments, (vi) Company Option Tax
Obligations, (vii) Aggregate Accredited Shareholder Cash
Consideration, (viii) Aggregate Options on a Net Issue Basis,
(ix) Fully-Diluted Share Number, (x) Parent
4
Designated
Stock Price, (xi) Per Share Accredited Shareholder Cash
Amount, (xii) Per Share Stock Amount, (xiii) Per Share
Value, (xiv) Total Accredited Shareholder Share Number,
(xv) Optionholder Consideration for each Eligible Stock Option
Holder, and (xvi) allocation of the Escrowed Cash, Escrowed
Stock and the Costs and Fees Escrow Amount for each of the Eligible
Shareholders. The Parent shall be entitled to rely exclusively and
conclusively on the Final Distribution Schedule in making
distributions of Merger Consideration hereunder and pursuant to the
Indemnification Escrow Agreement; and
(m) the Parent
shall deliver the Merger Consideration to the Paying Agent and the
Indemnification Escrow Agent pursuant to Sections 2.4 and
7.2.
Article 2.
Conversion Of
Shares
Section 2.1
Merger Consideration.
(a) Subject to the
adjustments to be made pursuant to Section 2.5 with respect to
any Dissenting Shares, and subject to Section 7.2 (in the case
of Eligible Shareholders), the aggregate consideration payable to
Eligible Shareholders and Eligible Stock Option Holders in
connection with the Merger will be an amount equal to (1)
$100,000,000, minus (2) the Transaction Expenses,
minus (3) the Closing Transaction Payments, minus
(4) the Company Option Tax Obligations, plus
(5) the total of (A) fifty percent (50%) (up to an amount
not to exceed $6,000,000) of the sum of ((i) Closing Cash
plus (ii) the Pre-Closing Company Payments),
minus (B) the Pre-Closing Company Payments (as
calculated, the “ Merger Consideration ”). For
purposes of this Agreement “ Closing Cash ”
shall mean the total of the cash and cash equivalents of the
Company as of the close of business (i.e., 5:00 p.m. EDT) on the
day that is two (2) calendar days prior to the Closing Date
(such time and date is referred to as the “ Cutoff
Time ”). The Merger Consideration will be payable as
follows:
(i) An amount
equal to the amount that results from subtracting $15,000,000 from
the Merger Consideration will be paid in cash (the “ Cash
Consideration ”) to the Paying Agent to be distributed
pursuant to Section 2.4; and
(ii) Parent will
issue or cause to be issued the number shares of Parent’s
fully paid and non-assessable unregistered shares of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, that result from dividing $15,000,000 by
the Parent Designated Stock Price (each such share is referred to
as the “ Parent Stock ” and all such shares are
referred to as the “ Stock Consideration ”),
payable to each Eligible Shareholder who is an Accredited
Shareholder.
(b) For purposes
of this Agreement:
(i) The “
Accredited Shareholders ” shall mean, collectively,
those Company shareholders who have executed and delivered to
Parent, prior to the Closing, an Accredited Shareholder Agreement
and Letter of Transmittal.
5
(ii) The “
Aggregate Options ” shall be the aggregate number of
shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon exercise
of all Company Stock Options and any other warrants, options or
other rights to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock
that are outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (prior
to giving effect to the cancellation of Company Stock Options
contemplated by Section 2.3 below).
(iii) The “
Aggregate Accredited Shareholder Cash Consideration ”
shall be an amount equal to (A) the Cash Consideration,
minus (B) the Aggregate Unaccredited Shareholder Cash
Consideration, minus (C) the product of
(1) Aggregate Options On A Net Issue Basis multiplied by
(2) the Per Share Value.
(iv) The “
Aggregate Options On A Net Issue Basis ” shall be an
amount equal to (A) the Aggregate Options minus
(B) the product of the Aggregate Options multiplied by (x/y),
where:
x = the
quotient of (1) the aggregate amount of the exercise prices
otherwise payable in respect of the exercise of all of the
Aggregate Options, divided by (2) the number of Aggregate
Options; and
(v) The “
Fully-Diluted Share Number ” shall be the aggregate
number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, plus the
Aggregate Options On A Net Issue Basis, but excluding any treasury
shares or shares otherwise held by the Company.
(vi) The “
Parent Average Signing Price ” shall mean the average
closing sales price per share of the Parent Stock on the Nasdaq
Global Select Market for the twenty (20) consecutive trading
days ending on the day that is two (2) trading days prior to
the Signing Date.
(vii) The “
Parent Designated Stock Price ” shall mean the average
closing sales price per share of the Parent Stock on the Nasdaq
Global Select Market for the twenty (20) consecutive trading
days ending on the day that is two (2) trading days prior to
the Closing Date; provided that, (A) if such amount is greater
than 1.05 multiplied by the Parent Average Signing Price, then the
Parent Designated Stock Price shall equal 1.05 multiplied by the
Parent Average Signing Price and (B) if such amount is less
than 0.95 multiplied by the Parent Average Signing Price, then the
Parent Designated Stock Price shall equal 0.95 multiplied by the
Parent Average Signing Price.
(viii) The “
Per Share Accredited Shareholder Cash Amount ” shall
be a fraction (A) the numerator of which equals the Aggregate
Accredited
6
Shareholder
Cash Consideration and (B) the denominator of which equals the
Total Accredited Shareholder Share Number.
(ix) The “
Per Share Stock Amount ” shall be a fraction
(A) the numerator of which equals the Stock Consideration and
(B) the denominator of which equals the Total Accredited
Shareholder Share Number.
(x) The “
Per Share Value ” shall be a fraction (A) the
numerator of which equals the Merger Consideration and (B) the
denominator of which equals the Fully-Diluted Share
Number.
(xi) The “
Total Accredited Shareholder Share Number ” shall be
the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time held
by all Accredited Shareholders.
(xii) The “
Unaccredited Shareholders ” shall mean all Company
shareholders who have not delivered to Parent, prior to the
Closing, an executed Accredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal.
Section 2.2
Conversion of Securities.
(a) Subject to
Sections 2.2(c), 2.4, 2.5 and 7.2 hereof, at the Effective
Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any further action on the
part of Parent, Sub, the Company or any shareholder of the Company
(except as provided in clause (i) below):
(i) each Share
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than
Shares held in the treasury of the Company and other than Shares
held by Unaccredited Shareholders to be exchanged solely for cash
pursuant to Section 2.2(b)) shall be converted into the right to
receive, subject to the execution and delivery by the holder of
such Share to Parent of an Accredited Shareholder Agreement and
Letter of Transmittal prior to the Effective Time, (A) an
amount of cash, without interest, equal to the Per Share Accredited
Shareholder Cash Amount, plus (B) a number of shares of Parent
Stock equal to the Per Share Stock Amount divided by the Parent
Designated Stock Price;
(i) each Share
held in the treasury of the Company immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be cancelled and retired without any
conversion thereof and no payment or distribution shall be made
with respect thereto; and
(ii) each share of
common stock of Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be converted into and become one validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock of the
Surviving Corporation.
(b) Subject to
Sections 2.4, 2.5 and 7.2 hereof, each Unaccredited
Shareholder shall be deemed to have elected to receive an amount of
cash (adjusted to the nearest whole cent), without interest, equal
to the Per Share Value (the “ Per Share
7
Unaccredited
Shareholder Consideration ”) in lieu of the Per Share Accredited
Shareholder Cash Amount and the Per Share Stock Amount otherwise
payable pursuant to Section 2.2(a)(i) above and, in this regard,
each share of such Unaccredited Shareholder’s Shares
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
converted into the right to receive, subject to the execution and
delivery by the holder of such Shares to Parent of a letter, in the
form attached hereto as Exhibit H (each, an “
Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of Transmittal
), prior to or after the Effective Time, an amount of cash, without
interest, equal to the Per Share Unaccredited Shareholder
Consideration. The aggregate cash amount payable pursuant to this
Section 2.2(b) shall be referred to herein as the “
Aggregate Unaccredited Shareholder Cash Consideration
”.
(c) No fractional
shares of Parent Stock shall be issued in connection with the
Merger, and no certificates for any such fractional shares shall be
issued. In lieu of such fractional shares, any holder of Shares who
would otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of
Parent Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent
Stock issuable to such holder) shall, upon surrender of such
holder’s Certificates, be paid in cash the dollar amount
(rounded to the nearest whole cent), without interest, determined
by multiplying such fraction by the Parent Designated Stock
Price.
Section 2.3
Treatment of Company Stock Options.
(a) At the
Effective Time, each then outstanding warrant, option or right to
purchase Shares (collectively, “ Company Stock Options
”), granted or issued by the Company, including without
limitation pursuant to the Company’s 2001 Stock Option Plan
(as amended, “ Company Stock Option Plan ”),
whether or not then vested or exercisable, shall be cancelled by
the Company, in accordance with the Company Stock Option Plan and
resolutions duly adopted by the Company’s board of directors,
a copy of which shall be delivered to Parent pursuant to
Section 1.7(c) hereof, and each holder of a cancelled Company
Stock Option (“ Eligible Stock Option Holder ”)
shall be entitled to receive, subject to the execution and delivery
to Parent by such holder of a letter in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit I (each, an “ Optionholder Letter of
Transmittal ”), at the Effective Time or as soon as
practicable thereafter from the Surviving Corporation (and, if
necessary, Parent shall provide funds to the Surviving Corporation
sufficient for such payments) in consideration for the cancellation
of such Company Stock Option an amount equal to (A) the
product of (i) the number of common shares previously subject
to such Company Stock Option, multiplied by (ii) the Per Share
Value, minus (B) the aggregate exercise prices previously
payable under such Company Stock Option prior to cancellation,
minus (C) any amounts required to be withheld under
Section 2.8 (each such payment, such Eligible Stock Option
Holder’s “ Optionholder Consideration
”).
(b) Except as
provided herein or as otherwise agreed to by the parties, all stock
incentive plans (including, without limitation, the Company Stock
Option Plan) and any other plan, program or arrangement providing
for the issuance or grant of any interest in respect of the Shares
shall terminate as of the Effective Time, and the Company shall,
prior to the Effective Time, ensure that following the Effective
Time no holder of any
8
Company Stock
Option or any other equity-based right shall have any right to
acquire equity securities of the Company or the Surviving
Corporation.
Section 2.4
Surrender of Shares; Distribution of Merger Consideration; Stock
Transfer Books.
(a) American Stock
Transfer & Trust Company shall act as agent for the holders of
Shares in connection with the Merger (the “ Paying
Agent ”) to receive the portion of the Merger
Consideration to which Eligible Shareholders shall become entitled
pursuant to Section 2.2(a) or Section 2.2(b) (as
applicable). As of the Closing Date, the Parent or Sub will deliver
the portion of the Merger Consideration payable to the Eligible
Shareholders to the Paying Agent, in trust for the benefit of the
Eligible Shareholders, less the respective amounts to be delivered
to the Indemnification Escrow Agent pursuant to Section 7.2.
The Paying Agent shall also receive any amounts (consisting of both
cash and Parent Stock) distributed pursuant to the Indemnification
Escrow Agreement on behalf of the Eligible Shareholders, if and
when paid or released. As of the Closing Date, the Parent or Sub
will deliver the portion of the Merger Consideration payable to the
Eligible Stock Option Holders to the Surviving Corporation, in
trust for the benefit of the Eligible Stock Option
Holders.
(b) As soon as
practicable after the Effective Time (but in no event more than
three (3) business days after the Effective Time), the
Surviving Corporation shall cause to be mailed to each Unaccredited
Shareholder (other than any Unaccredited Shareholder who has
delivered an Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal prior to Closing) an Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement
and Letter of Transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall
be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall
pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Paying
Agent) and instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates for payment of the applicable portion of the Merger
Consideration therefor. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent of a
stock certificate which represented Shares immediately prior to the
Effective Time (whether held by an Accredited Shareholder or an
Unaccredited Shareholder, a “ Certificate ”),
together with, in the case of Accredited Shareholders, an
Accredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of Transmittal, and in
the case of Unaccredited Shareholders, an Unaccredited Shareholder
Agreement and Letter of Transmittal, in each case, duly completed
and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto,
and such other documents as may be required pursuant to such
instructions, the holder of such Certificate (each, whether an
Accredited Shareholder or an Unaccredited Shareholder, an “
Eligible Shareholder ”) shall be entitled to receive
in exchange therefor the amounts specified in Section 2.2 and
such Certificate shall then be cancelled. Until so surrendered,
each Certificate will represent, from and after the Effective Time,
only the right to receive the amounts specified in
Section 2.2(a) or Section 2.2(b), as applicable. No
interest shall be paid or accrued for the benefit of holders of the
Certificates on the cash portions of the amounts specified in
Section 2.2(a) or Section 2.2(b), as applicable, payable
upon the surrender of the Certificates. If payment or issuance of
such amounts, in any form, is to be made to a Person other than the
Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered, it
shall be a condition of payment that the Certificate so surrendered
shall be properly endorsed or shall be otherwise in
9
proper form for
transfer and that the Person requesting such amounts shall have
paid any transfer and other Taxes required by reason of the payment
of any such amounts to a Person other than the registered holder of
the Certificate surrendered or shall have established to the
satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that such Tax either has
been paid or is not applicable. As used in this Agreement, “
Person ” means an individual, corporation, limited
liability company, partnership, association, trust, unincorporated
organization, other entity or group (as defined in the Exchange
Act).
(c) In the event
any Certificates shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the
Paying Agent shall deliver in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Certificates, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the holder thereof, the amounts to which the holder thereof
is entitled pursuant to this Article 2. The Parent may, in its
reasonable discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance
thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificate to give the Parent or the Paying Agent a bond in such
sum as it may reasonable direct (it being agreed that any amount
required by the Paying Agent shall be deemed reasonable) as
indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Parent or
Paying Agent with respect to the Certificate(s) alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed.
(d) As soon as
practicable after the Effective Time (but in no event more than
three (3) business days after the Effective Time), the
Surviving Corporation shall cause to be mailed to each Eligible
Stock Option Holder an Optionholder Letter of Transmittal for use
in effecting the payment of the applicable portion of the Merger
Consideration therefor. Upon delivery to Parent of such
Optionholder Letter of Transmittal, duly completed and validly
executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, the Eligible
Stock Option Holder shall be entitled to receive in exchange
therefor the amounts specified in Section 2.3, which (i) in
the case of any Eligible Stock Option Holders who shall have
delivered to Parent an Optionholder Letter of Transmittal, duly
completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions
thereto on or before the Effective Time, shall be paid by the
Surviving Corporation pursuant to a special payroll run as soon as
practicable after the Effective Time (but in no event more than
seven (7) days after the Effective Time), and (ii) in the
case of any Eligible Stock Option Holders who shall not have
delivered to Parent an Optionholder Letter of Transmittal, duly
completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions
thereto on or before the Effective Time, shall be paid by the
Surviving Corporation in a manner consistent with its normal
payroll practices. No interest shall be paid or accrued for the
benefit of Eligible Stock Option Holders on the cash portions of
the amounts specified in Section 2.3 payable to such
holders.
(e) The Paying
Agent shall pay to any Eligible Shareholder within five
(5) days of receipt of payment any other amounts received
pursuant to this Agreement, including any amounts received for
indemnification under Section 7.4. In addition, the Paying
Agent shall issue any Escrowed Property it receives on account of
any disbursements received from the Indemnification Escrow Agent
within five (5) days of receipt.
10
(f) At the close
of business on the day of the Effective Time, the stock transfer
books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there shall be
no further registration of transfers of shares of common stock on
the records of the Company. From and after the Effective Time, the
holders of Certificates evidencing ownership of Shares outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any
rights with respect to such Shares except as otherwise provided for
herein or by applicable Law.
Section 2.5
Dissenting Shares.
(a)
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares
that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time and which are held by shareholders who have not voted in favor
of or consented to the Merger and who shall have delivered a
written demand for appraisal of such Shares in the time and manner
provided in Section 23-1-44 of the IBCL and shall not have failed
to perfect or shall not have effectively withdrawn or lost their
rights to appraisal and payment under the IBCL (the “
Dissenting Shares ”) shall not be converted into the
right to receive the Per Share Shareholder Consideration, but shall
be entitled to receive the fair value of their Shares as shall be
determined pursuant to Section 23-1-44 of the IBCL;
provided, however , that if such holder shall have failed to
perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost his, her or its
right to appraisal and payment under the IBCL, such holder’s
Shares shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted, at the
Effective Time, into the right to receive the amounts specified in
Section 2.2(a) or Section 2.2(b), as applicable, without
any interest thereon. In the event a holder of Dissenting Shares
appropriately perfects his, its or her appraisal rights under the
IBCL, an amount allocable to the Dissenting Shares held by such
holder and deposited with the Shareholder Representative or with
the Paying Agent (each a “ Disbursement Account
”) shall be segregated and held separate pending a
determination with respect to whether such holder is entitled to
rights to payment pursuant to the IBCL. If it is determined that
such holder is entitled to rights to payment as provided in the
IBCL or if no such determination has been made at the time that all
nonsegregated amounts in the applicable Disbursement Account have
been or are being disbursed, the amounts allocable to such
holder’s Dissenting Shares shall be disbursed to the
Surviving Corporation.
(b) The amount of
funds deposited into a Disbursement Account allocable to any holder
of common stock of the Company that complies with
Section 2.5(a) shall be an amount equal to (A) the amount
of funds deposited in such Disbursement Account (less any amounts
payable from such Disbursement Account to Parent or the Surviving
Corporation or other third parties) multiplied by (B) the
number of Shares with respect to which the holder of Shares
exercised and perfected dissenter’s rights in compliance with
Section 2.5(a), divided by (C) the Fully-Diluted Share
Number.
Section 2.6
No Further Ownership Rights in the Shares. All payments of
the amounts specified in Section 2.2(a) or
Section 2.2(b), as applicable, made upon surrender of
Certificates for Shares in accordance with the terms hereof shall
be deemed to have been made in full satisfaction of all rights
pertaining to such Shares, and there shall be no further
registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving
Corporation of the Shares which were outstanding as
11
of the Closing.
If, after the Closing, Certificates are presented to the Surviving
Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in this Article 2.
Section 2.7
Shareholder Representative. Christopher D. Clapp is hereby
appointed as the “ Shareholder Representative ”,
whose appointment will be ratified by the shareholders of the
Company prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the Accredited
Shareholder Agreements and Letters of Transmittal and the
Unaccredited Shareholder Agreements and Letters of Transmittal
which are delivered prior to the Effective Time and whose
appointment will also be ratified by the Unaccredited Shareholders
and Eligible Stock Option Holders after the Effective Time pursuant
to each Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal and each Optionholder Letter of Transmittal,
respectively. The Shareholder Representative shall have the power
and authority to act for all purposes under this Agreement on
behalf of all of the Eligible Shareholders, Eligible Stock Option
Holders and holders of Shares and Company Stock Options (except
Dissenting Shareholders) who have not yet become Eligible
Shareholders or Eligible Stock Option Holders. By delivery of his,
her or its respective Accredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter
of Transmittal, Unaccredited Shareholder Agreement and Letter of
Transmittal, or Optionholder Letter of Transmittal, as applicable,
each former shareholder of the Company and holder of a Company
Stock Option shall be deemed at the Effective Time to have
irrevocably appointed the Shareholder Representative as his, her or
its attorney-in-fact and agent to act for such shareholder or
holder of Company Stock Option within the scope of the authority
given to the Shareholder Representative and in accordance with and
pursuant to the other terms and conditions described in the
attached Exhibit J and made a part
hereof, including, without limitation, the authority to direct the
Paying Agent to receive, invest, spend and distribute the portion
of the Merger Consideration payable to the Paying Agent and the
authority to direct the Indemnification Escrow Agent to receive,
invest, spend and distribute the Escrowed Property pursuant to the
Indemnification Escrow Agreement. All reasonable fees and expenses
incurred by the Shareholder Representative in connection with this
Agreement shall be borne by the Eligible Shareholders on a pro
rata basis. The Indemnification Escrow Agent is authorized to
reimburse the Shareholder Representative for any expenses of
accountants, advisors and other experts, attorney’s fees,
other professionals’ fees or any other fees, costs and
expenses actually incurred by the Shareholder Representative in
connection with defending, settling or satisfying any Actions or
Orders that relate to the performance of the Shareholder
Representative’s obligations when acting in a capacity as the
Shareholder Representative (collectively, “ Costs and
Fees ”) solely at the direction of the Shareholder
Representative, without verification of the Costs and Fees, solely
out of the Costs and Fees Escrow Amount. The Shareholder
Representative shall only direct the Indemnification Escrow Agent
to distribute the Costs and Fees to the Shareholder Representative
in connection with Costs and Fees. Parent, Sub, the Surviving
Corporation, Paying Agent and Indemnification Escrow Agent shall be
entitled to rely on the written instructions of the Shareholder
Representative and shall be protected from any liability of any
kind for actions taken in reliance upon such written
instructions.
Section 2.8
Withholding Taxes . Each of the Paying Agent, the Company,
Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct
and withhold from all consideration payable pursuant to this
Agreement such amounts as the Paying Agent, the Company, Parent or
the Surviving Corporation is required to deduct and withhold with
respect to the making of such payment under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), or
under any applicable provision of Law. To the extent that amounts
are so withheld, such amounts shall be
12
treated for all
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of
Shares or Company Stock Options, as the case may be, in respect of
which such deduction and withholding was made by the Paying Agent,
the Company, Parent or the Surviving Corporation,
respectively.
Section 2.9
Further Action. At and after the Effective Time, the
officers and directors of the Parent and the Surviving Corporation
will be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name and on
behalf of the Company and Sub, any deeds, bills of sale,
assignments or assurances and to take and do, in the name and on
behalf of the Company and Sub, any other actions and things to
vest, perfect or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving
Corporation any and all right, title and interest in, to and under
any of the rights, properties or assets acquired or to be acquired
by the Surviving Corporation as a result of, or in connection with,
the Merger.
Article 3.
Representations And
Warranties Of The Company
The Company hereby
represents and warrants to Parent and Sub as follows as of the
Signing Date and as of the Closing Date:
Section 3.1
Organization; Charter Documents.
(a)
Organization . The Company is a corporation duly organized
and validly existing under the Laws of the State of Indiana, and
has the requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and
operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being
conducted. The Company is duly qualified or licensed to do business
and is in good standing (where applicable) in each jurisdiction in
which the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of
the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing
necessary, except where the failure to be so duly qualified or
licensed and in good standing has not had and would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. As used in this Agreement, the
term “ Company Material Adverse Effect ” means
(i) when used with reference to one or more events, changes,
circumstances or effects, a material adverse effect on the
business, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition or
prospects of the Company taken as a whole or (ii) the ability
of the Company to consummate the Merger or any of the transactions
contemplated hereby or to perform any of its obligations hereunder;
provided, however, that none of the following shall
constitute, shall give rise to or cause, directly or indirectly, or
shall be considered in determining whether there has occurred, a
Company Material Adverse Effect: events, changes, circumstances,
developments or effects that arise out of or result from
(i) economic, business or political factors generally
affecting the economy or financial, banking or securities markets
as a whole or the industries or markets in which the Company
operates, except to the extent any such factor has a
disproportionate effect on the Company relative to other Persons
principally engaged in the same industry as the Company, or acts of
war or terrorism, (ii) any change in Laws or GAAP or the
interpretation thereof, (iii) any reaction of customers of the
Company and Clients (including, without limitation, loss of
existing or prospective customers or clients) arising out of the
execution, announcement or consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement or the identity of Parent, Sub or
any of their respective affiliates, (iv) any action taken or
process undertaken pursuant to or at the request of or with the
consent of
13
Parent or Sub,
(v) any action required to be taken under any Law,
(vi) engagement by the United States in hostilities, whether
or not pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency or war,
(vii) any “act of God” including, but not limited
to, weather, natural disasters and earthquakes, (viii) any
failure by Company to meet any projections, budgets or estimates of
revenues, earnings or any other financial or operational metric for
any period ending on or after the Signing Date (for the avoidance
of doubt, this clause (viii) shall not preclude Parent from
taking the underlying case of any such failure into account in
determining whether there has been a Company Material Adverse
Effect), and (ix) any movement or change in the price per
share of the Parent Stock on the Nasdaq Global Select
Market.
(b)
Subsidiaries . The Company has no Subsidiaries and does not
own or hold any equity interest of any kind in any other Person. As
used in this Agreement, the term “ Subsidiary ”
means, when used with reference to any entity, any corporation or
other organization, whether incorporated or unincorporated,
(i) of which such party or any other Subsidiary of such party
is a general or managing partner or (ii) the outstanding
voting securities or interests of which, having by their terms
ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors
or others performing similar functions with respect to such
corporation or other organization, is directly or indirectly owned
or controlled by such entity or by any one or more of its
Subsidiaries.
(c) Charter
Documents . The Company has delivered to Parent a true and
correct copy of each of the articles of incorporation and by-laws
of the Company, as amended to the Signing Date (collectively, the
“ Company Charter Documents ”) and each such
instrument is in full force and effect.
Section 3.2
Capitalization of the Company.
(a) Company
Capitalization . The authorized capital stock of the Company
consists of 1,200,000 common shares, $0.01 par value per share. As
of the Signing Date, (i) 666,842 Shares were issued and
outstanding and (ii) there were 176,640 outstanding Company
Stock Options to purchase shares of Company common stock granted
under the plans and agreements applicable to such Company Stock
Options. Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
lists (i) the name, address and state of residence (as set
forth in the books and records of the Company) of each holder of
record of Shares as of the Signing Date; (ii) the number of
Shares held by each such Person and the certificate numbers
therefor; and (iii) with respect to each holder of Company
Stock Options, the number of Company Stock Options held by such
Person, the date(s) of issuance or grant, the exercise price(s) of
such Company Stock Options, whether such Company Stock Options are
“incentive stock options” under the Code, and the
address and state of residence of such holder. All outstanding
Shares are, and all shares which may be issued pursuant to the
plans and agreements applicable to the Company Stock Options will
be, when issued in accordance with the respective terms thereof,
duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and
not issued in violation of, nor subject to, preemptive rights or
similar rights and were or will be issued in compliance with all
applicable state and federal securities laws or pursuant to valid
exemptions therefrom. Except as set forth above and as contemplated
by this Agreement,
14
there are no
outstanding (A) shares of capital stock or other voting
securities of the Company, (B) securities of the Company
convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of
capital stock or voting securities of the Company,
(C) options, warrants, restricted stock, restricted stock
units, or other rights to acquire from the Company, and no
preemptive or similar rights, subscriptions or other rights,
convertible securities, agreements, arrangements or commitments of
any character, relating to the capital stock or voting securities
of the Company obligating the Company to issue, register, transfer
or sell, any capital stock, voting securities or securities
convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock
or voting securities of the Company or obligating the Company to
grant, extend or enter into any such option, warrant, restricted
stock units, subscription or other right, convertible security,
agreement, arrangement or commitment or (D) no equity
equivalents, interests in the ownership or earnings of the Company
or other similar rights (the items in clauses (A), (B),
(C) and (D) being referred to collectively as the “
Company Securities ”). Except as set forth on
Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company
has never redeemed, repurchased or otherwise acquired any shares of
its capital stock, nor does it have any obligation, commitments or
arrangements to redeem, repurchase or otherwise acquire any of the
Company Securities, including as a result of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, or to provide funds to or make any
investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or
otherwise) in any other Person. Except for the (i) Voting
Agreement and (ii) Shareholders Agreement dated as of
July 6, 2000 among the Company’s shareholders, as
amended (the “ Shareholders Agreement ”), which
will terminate according to its terms without further need for
action by the parties thereto upon the consummation of the Merger,
there are no voting trusts or registration rights or other
agreements or understandings to which the Company is a party with
respect to the voting or disposition of the capital stock of the
Company. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the
Company, and the consummation of the Merger, do not and will not
contravene, breach, conflict with, constitute a violation of, or
require any further action of any party under, the Shareholders
Agreement.
(b)
Indebtedness . Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a complete and correct list, as of the Signing
Date, of each Contract pursuant to which any Indebtedness of the
Company is outstanding or may be incurred in an amount in excess of
$25,000, together with the amount outstanding thereunder as of the
Signing Date, which Indebtedness includes the Company’s
credit facilities with National City Bank (now a subsidiary of The
PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.), which shall be paid in full
and terminated prior to the Closing. No Contract pursuant to which
any Indebtedness of the Company is outstanding or may be incurred
provides for the right to vote (or is convertible into, or
exchangeable or exercisable for, securities having the right to
vote) on any matters on which the shareholders of the Company may
vote. As used in this Agreement, the term “ Contract
” means any agreement, contract, subcontract, lease, binding
understanding, indenture, note, option, warranty, purchase order,
license, sublicense, insurance policy, benefit plan or legally
binding commitment or undertaking of any nature (whether oral or in
writing), as in effect as of the Signing Date. As used in this
Agreement, the term “ Indebtedness ” means
(i) indebtedness for borrowed money, whether secured or
unsecured, (ii) any obligation evidenced by any note, bond,
debenture or other debt security, (iii) obligations under
conditional or installment sale or other title
15
retention
Contracts relating to purchased property or services,
(iv) capitalized lease obligations, (v) any outstanding
letter of credit, performance bond or similar surety obligations,
(vi) any interest, penalty, fees or expenses to the extent
paid in respect of any of the foregoing and (vii) guarantees,
endorsements or other contingent liabilities of any of the
foregoing of another Person.
(c) Final
Distribution Schedule . Upon its delivery, the Final
Distribution Schedule will be true, complete and current in all
respects as of the Closing Date.
Section 3.3
Corporate Authorization; Board and Shareholder
Approval.
(a) Corporate
Authorization . Except for the approval of this Agreement and
the Merger by a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast by
the Company’s shareholders on such matters (the “
Company Requisite Vote ”), the Company has all
necessary corporate power and authority to enter into this
Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and
performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation
by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, have been
duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action,
except, with respect to the Merger, for the Company Requisite Vote.
The Company Requisite Vote is the only vote of holders of any class
or series of securities necessary to approve this Agreement and the
Merger. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the
Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery
by Parent and Sub, and the Company Requisite Vote, constitutes a
valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the
Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent
transfer and other similar Laws affecting creditors rights
generally from time to time in effect, and to general principles of
equity good faith and fair dealing, regardless whether in a
proceeding at equity or at Law).
(b) Board and
Shareholder Approval . The board of directors of the Company
has unanimously (i) determined and declared that this
Agreement and the Merger are fair to, advisable and in the best
interests of the Company and its shareholders, (ii) adopted
and approved this Agreement and the Merger pursuant to
Section 23-1-40-3 of the IBCL, (iii) included in the Proxy
Statement the recommendation of the board of directors that the
shareholders of the Company vote in favor of the approval of this
Agreement and the Merger, and (iv) directed that this
Agreement and the Merger be submitted to the Company’s
shareholders for approval. Shareholders of the Company holding at
least seventy-five percent (75%) of the issued and outstanding
Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time have entered into a
Voting Agreement whereby they agreed to vote their shares in favor
of this Agreement and the Merger pursuant to Section 23-1-40-3
of the IBCL.
Section 3.4
Governmental Approvals. The execution, delivery and
performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the consummation
by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, require no
action, permit, license, authorization, certification, consent,
approval, concession or franchise by or in respect of, or filing
with, any federal, state, or local
16
U.S. or foreign
government, court, administrative agency, commission, arbitrator or
other governmental or regulatory agency or authority (a “
Governmental Authority ”) other than the filing of the
Articles of Merger with respect to the Merger with the Secretary of
State of the State of Indiana and appropriate documents with the
relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is
qualified to do business.
Section 3.5
Non-Contravention . The execution, delivery and performance
by the Company of this Agreement do not, and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby will not: (i) contravene,
conflict with or violate the Company Charter Documents;
(ii) subject to obtaining the Company Requisite Vote and
obtaining all the consents, approvals and authorizations specified
in clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 3.4, contravene
or conflict with or constitute a violation of any provision of any
federal, state, local or foreign law, statute, ordinance, rule,
code, or regulation of any Governmental Authority (“
Law ”), or any outstanding order, writ, judgment,
injunction, ruling, determination, award or decree by or with any
Governmental Authority (“ Order ”) binding upon
or applicable to the Company or by which any of their respective
properties are bound or affected; (iii) subject to obtaining
all the consents, approvals and authorizations specified or
required to be specified in Section 3.5 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, constitute a default (or an event which with
notice, the lapse of time or both would become a default) under or
give rise to a right of termination, cancellation, modification or
acceleration of any right or obligation of the Company, or cause
increased liability or fees or to the loss of a material benefit or
imposition of a penalty under (A) any Contract (including the
Shareholders Agreement) or (B) any Company Permit; or
(iv) result in the creation or imposition of any Liens. For
purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Liens ”
means, collectively, any liens, charges, security interests,
options, claims, pledges or other material encumbrances on any
asset of the Company; provided, however , that liens,
charges, security interests, options, claims, pledges or other
material encumbrances arising out of or relating to any of the
following shall not constitute Liens for purposes of this
Agreement: (1) mechanic’s, materialmen’s,
carriers, warehousemen, landlords and similar liens that are
individually and in the aggregate not material to the Company,
taken as a whole, (2) liens, charges, security interests,
claims or other encumbrances with respect to current Taxes not yet
due and payable or due but not delinquent, (3) liens securing
rental payments under capital lease arrangements, (4) liens,
charges, security interests, options, claims, pledges or other
encumbrances resulting from any acts or omissions of Parent, Sub or
any of their affiliates or their respective representatives,
(5) non-exclusive standard licenses related to the
Company’s software products granted to customers arising in
the ordinary course of business and (6) other liens, charges,
security interests, options, claims, pledges or other encumbrances
arising in the ordinary course of business and not incurred in
connection with the borrowing of money or the financing of purchase
price of property (which individually and in the aggregate are not
material to the Company, taken as a whole).
Section 3.6
Financial Statements; No Undisclosed Liabilities; Internal and
Disclosure Controls; Accounts Receivable; Accounts Payable;
Cash.
(a) The Company
has provided Parent with true, correct and complete copies of the
following financial statements: audited balance sheets and
statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and
cash flow as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31,
2007 and December 31, 2008 for the Company; and unaudited
balance sheets and statements of income, changes in
shareholders’ equity, and cash flow as of and
17
for the months
ended March 31, 2009 for the Company (collectively, the
“ Company Financials ”). Upon their delivery in
accordance with Section 5.12, the Company shall have provided
Parent with true, correct and complete copies of the Post-Signing
Financial Statements.
(b) The Company
Financials and (upon their delivery) the Post-Signing Financial
Statements: (i) complied as to form in all material respects
with all applicable accounting requirements, (ii) were
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted
accounting principles (“ GAAP ”) and applied on
a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may
be indicated in the notes thereto), and (iii) fairly presented
in all material respects the financial condition of the Company as
at the respective dates thereof and the results of the
Company’s operations and cash flows for the periods
indicated. The balance sheet of the Company as of December 31,
2008 is hereinafter referred to herein as the “ Company
Balance Sheet ,” and December 31, 2008 is
hereinafter referred to herein as the “ Company Balance
Sheet Date ”. The balance sheet of the Company as of
March 31, 2009 is hereinafter referred to herein as the “
Interim Balance Sheet ,” and March 31, 2009 is
hereinafter referred to herein as the “ Interim Balance
Sheet Date ”.
(c) Except as set
forth in Section 3.6(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
the Company does not have any liabilities or obligations that are
required to be reflected on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP
except (i) liabilities or obligations disclosed or provided
for in the Company Balance Sheet or the Interim Balance Sheet or
the respective notes thereto and (ii) liabilities or
obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business each with
an individual value not to exceed $25,000.
(d) The Company
maintains accurate books and records reflecting the assets and
liabilities of the Company’s business and maintains proper
and adequate internal control over financial reporting which
provide reasonable assurance that (i) the Company’s
transactions are executed with management’s authorization;
(ii) the Company’s transactions are recorded as
necessary to permit preparation of the Company Financials and to
maintain accountability for the Company’s assets;
(iii) access to the Company’s assets is permitted only
in accordance with management’s authorization; and
(iv) accounts, notes and other receivables and inventory are
recorded accurately, and proper and adequate procedures are
implemented with regard to the collection of accounts, notes and
other receivables on a current and timely basis.
(e) The accounts
receivable shown on the Company Balance Sheet and Interim Balance
Sheet arose in the ordinary course of business, consistent with
past practice, represented bona fide claims against debtors for
sales and other charges and have been collected or, to the
Company’s knowledge, are collectible in the book amounts
thereof, less an amount not in excess of the allowance for doubtful
accounts provided for in the Company Balance Sheet or Interim
Balance Sheet, as applicable. Allowances for doubtful accounts have
been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied and in
accordance with the Company’s past practices and are
sufficient to provide for any losses which may be sustained on
realization of the receivables. The accounts receivable of the
Company after the Interim Balance Sheet Date and before the Closing
Date arose
18
in the ordinary
course of business, consistent with past practices, represented
bona fide claims against debtors for sales and other charges, and
have been collected or, to the Company’s best knowledge, are
collectible in the book amounts thereof, less allowances for
doubtful accounts determined in accordance with GAAP consistently
applied and the Company’s past practices which are or shall
be sufficient to provide for any losses which may be sustained on
realization of the receivables. To the knowledge of the Company,
none of the accounts receivable of the Company is subject to any
claim of offset, recoupment, setoff or counterclaim, and the
Company has no knowledge of any specific facts or circumstances
(whether asserted or unasserted) that could reasonably be expected
to give rise to any such claim. No agreement for deduction or
discount has been made with respect to any of such accounts
receivable. Section 3.6(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
sets forth an aging of the Company’s accounts receivable as
of March 31, 2009.
(f)
Section 3.6(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth
an aging of the Company’s accounts payable and other current
liabilities as of March 31, 2009. The Company’s accounts
payable and other material obligations, including without
limitation payroll and benefits, indebtedness, rent, lease and
license obligations, vendor payables and Taxes, including amounts
arising after March 31, 2009, are current and being paid in a
manner that is consistent with past practice. The Company’s
accounts payable and other current liabilities excluding deferred
revenue as of the Closing Date will not, in the aggregate, exceed
$2,000,000.
(g) The cumulative
Dividends or other distributions or payments paid or declared in
respect of Shares by the Company on or after February 1, 2009,
are in an aggregate amount equal to $2,000,526. All Dividends that
have been declared or paid have been or will be paid out of legally
available funds and have been or will be made in compliance with
all Laws and Contracts. As of the Cutoff Time, the Closing Cash
shall be as specified in the Final Distribution
Schedule.
Section 3.7
Absence of Certain Changes. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.7 of the Company Disclosure Schedule or as
contemplated by this Agreement, since the Company Balance Sheet
Date, the business of the Company has been conducted in all
material respects in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice, and there has not been:
(a) any change,
development, event, condition, occurrence or effect with respect to
the business of the Company that individually or in the aggregate
has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect;
(b) any
declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other
distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) with respect to
any of its capital stock (other than the Dividends) or any
repurchase for value by the Company of any of its capital
stock;
(c) any split,
combination or reclassification of any of its capital stock or any
issuance or the authorization of any issuance of any other
securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for such
capital stock;
19
(d)
(i) except in the ordinary course of business, consistent with
past practice, any granting by the Company to any director or
executive officer, officer, employee or affiliate of the Company of
any increase in compensation including, but not limited to, any
bonuses payable upon consummation of the Merger, (ii) any
granting by the Company to any director or executive officer,
officer, employee or affiliate of any increase in severance or
termination pay, except as was required under any employment,
severance or termination agreements set forth in
Section 3.7(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, or
(iii) any entry by the Company into, or any amendment of, any
employment, severance or termination agreement with any director,
executive officer, officer, employee or affiliate;
(e) any change in
accounting methods, principles or practices by the Company
materially affecting the consolidated assets, liabilities or
results of operations of the Company, except insofar as may have
been required by a change in GAAP;
(f) any elections
with respect to Taxes by the Company or settlement or compromise by
the Company of any Tax liability or refund;
(g) any liability
incurred other than in the ordinary course of business, consistent
with past practice, or any borrowing of monies in excess of $50,000
in the aggregate;
(h) any making of
any loan, advance or capital contribution to, or investment in, any
Person other than travel loans or advances made to employees in the
ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice (which
in no event exceeds $5,000 individually);
(i) any Contract
with respect to any acquisition, sale or transfer of any asset of
the Company except (i) pursuant to the fiscal year 2009
capital budget approved by the Company’s board of directors,
a copy of which is included in Section 3.7(i) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule or (ii) purchase of assets for
consideration less than or equal to $15,000
individually;
(j) any material
damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by insurance,
affecting the Company’s assets, properties or
business;
(k) any
relinquishment, termination or nonrenewal by the Company of any
Contract, which has a value in excess of $15,000
individually;
(l) any payment or
discharge of any Lien or liability, which such Lien or liability
was not shown on the Company Balance Sheet, other than in the
ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice (which
in no event exceeds $50,000 in the aggregate);
(m) any sale,
disposition, transfer or license to any Person of any rights to any
Company Intellectual Property, other than grants of non-exclusive
licenses in the ordinary course of business, or any acquisition or
license from any Person of any
20
intellectual
property or any sale, disposition, transfer or providing of any
copy of any source code to any Person;
(n) any deferral
of the payment of any accounts payable other than in the ordinary
course of business, consistent with past practice, or in an amount
which is not material, or any discount, accommodation or other
concession made other than in the ordinary course of business,
consistent with past practice, in order to accelerate or induce the
collection of any receivable;
(o) any material
change in the manner in which it extends discounts, credits or
warranties to its customers or otherwise deals with its
customers;
(p) to the
Company’s knowledge, any labor dispute or claim of unfair
labor practices;
(q) any
termination of employment of any of its employees outside the
ordinary course of business;
(r) any
modification or change to the right to exercise or convert, or to
the exercise or purchase prices of, any of its Shares, Options or
other equity securities, or any acceleration or other modification
of (i) the vesting of or right to exercise any option, warrant
or other right to purchase any of its Shares or other securities
(other than with respect to the Company Stock Options in connection
with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) or
(ii) the vesting or release of any of its Shares or other
securities from any repurchase options or rights of refusal held by
it or any other party or any other restrictions;
(s) any amendment
or change to the Company Charter Documents; or
(t) any entry
into, any Contract by the Company to do any of the things described
in the preceding clauses (a) through (s) (other than
negotiations and agreements with Parent).
Section 3.8
Insurance. Copies of all material insurance policies
applicable to the Company have been delivered to Parent. To the
knowledge of the Company: (i) all such policies are in full
force and effect and were in full force and effect during the
periods of time such insurance policies are purported to be in
effect; (ii) the Company is not in breach or default
(including any such breach or default with respect to the payment
of premiums or the giving of notice), and no event has occurred
which, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute
such a breach or default, or permit termination or modification,
under any policy; (iii) all premiums due thereon have been
paid and the Company has not received any notice of cancellation,
termination or non-renewal of any such policy; (iv) all such
insurance polices are customary in scope and amount of coverage for
the business of the Company; (v) all appropriate insurers
under such insurance policies have been notified of all potentially
insurable losses and pending litigation and legal matters, and no
such insurer has informed the Company of any denial of coverage or
reservation of rights thereto; and (vi) the Company has not
received any written notice of cancellation of any material
insurance policy maintained in favor of the Company nor has it been
denied insurance coverage, in either case, in the past five
years.
21
Section 3.9
Real Property; Title to Assets.
(a) Owned Real
Property . The Company does not own fee simple title to any
real property.
(b) Real
Property Leases . Section 3.9(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule contains a true and complete list of all leases, subleases
and other agreements under which the Company leases, subleases or
occupies (whether as landlord, tenant, subtenant other occupancy
arrangement) any real property (collectively, “ Real
Property Leases ”). The Company has previously delivered
to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all Real Property
Leases. Each Real Property Lease constitutes the valid and legally
binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company
in accordance with its terms. With respect to each Real Property
Lease, (i) there is no default or event which, with notice or
lapse of time or both, would constitute a default on the part of
Company, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party
thereto and (ii) except as set forth in Section 3.9(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company has not assigned,
sublet or transferred its leasehold interest. The Company has a
good and valid leasehold interest in each Real Property Lease free
and clear of all Liens, except (i) as disclosed in
Section 3.9(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
(ii) Liens for Taxes and general and special assessments not
in default and payable without penalty or interest or which are
being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and
(iii) other liens which do not materially interfere with the
Company’s use and enjoyment of such Real Property Lease or
with the conduct of the business of the Company.
(c) Personal
Property . The Company owns or leases all material furniture,
fixtures, equipment, operating supplies and other personal property
(collectively, the “ Personal Property ”)
necessary to carry on its businesses as now being conducted. The
Personal Property is not subject to any Liens, except as set forth
in Section 3.9(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and
except Liens which do not materially interfere with the
Company’s use and enjoyment of such Personal Property or with
the conduct of the business of the Company.
Section 3.10
Company Intellectual Property .
(a) Company
Intellectual Property. The term “ Company Intellectual
Property ” means:
(i) the names
“Angel Learning” and all fictional business names,
trading names, registered and unregistered trademarks, service
marks, and applications (collectively, “ Marks
”);
(ii) all patents,
patent applications, and inventions and discoveries that may be
patentable (collectively, “ Patents
”);
(iii) all
copyrights in both published and unpublished original works of
authorship, whether registered or unregistered (collectively,
“ Copyrights ”);
22
(iv) all rights in
mask works (collectively, “ Rights in Mask Works
”);
(v) all know-how,
trade secrets, confidential information, customer lists, software,
technical information, data, process technology, plans, drawings,
and blue prints (collectively, “ Trade Secrets
”); and
(vi) all URLs and
web sites;
in each of the
foregoing cases, that are used or are proposed to be used in
connection with the conduct of the business of the Company as
currently conducted or as currently contractually committed to be
conducted pursuant to a Company Material Contract or a Company
Standard Agreement.
(b)
Agreements. Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule contains a complete and accurate list and summary
description (other than in the case of “click through”
licenses or licenses for standard, off-the-shelf software generally
available to retail customers for use on personal computers) of all
Contracts relating to the Company Intellectual Property to which
the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound (other than
“free” or “open source” software, which is
addressed in Section 3.10(i) below. Except for fees paid by
customers of the Company and fees paid to licensors to the Company
described in Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company does not pay or receive royalties. The
Company has paid all fees due under, and is not otherwise in
default of, any Contract related to the Company Intellectual
Property. The Company has provided to Parent a true and correct
copy of each of the Contracts referenced in the immediately
preceding sentence (other than “click through” licenses
or licenses for standard, off-the-shelf software generally
available to retail customers for use on personal computers). The
Company is validly licensed to use all Company Intellectual
Property in the manner used in the Company’s business
pursuant to the licenses disclosed or required to be disclosed on
Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. Except in
connection with the HMH Litigation, there are no outstanding and,
to the knowledge of the Company, no threatened disputes or
disagreements with respect to any such agreement.
(c) Know-How
Necessary for the Business. The Company Intellectual Property
includes all of the assets necessary for the operation of the
Company’s business as it is currently conducted or as
currently contractually committed to be conducted pursuant to a
Company Material Contract or a Company Standard Agreement. Except
as set forth in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company is the owner of all right, title, and
interest in and to the Company Intellectual Property, free and
clear of all Liens and other adverse claims, and has the right to
use without payment to a third party all of the Company
Intellectual Property. Except as set forth in Section 3.10(c)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule, all information technology
consultants of the Company have executed written Contracts with the
Company that assign to the Company all rights arising during their
engagement by the Company to any inventions, improvements,
discoveries, copyrights or information relating to the business of
the Company and the Subsidiary. No employee of the Company has
entered into any Contract that restricts or limits in any way the
scope or type of work in which the
23
employee may be
engaged or requires the employee to transfer, assign, or disclose
information concerning his work to anyone other than the
Company.
(d) Patents
. The Company owns no Patents (other than discoveries which may be
patentable). To the knowledge of the Company, there is no
potentially interfering patent or patent application of any third
party. None of the products or services manufactured, sold or
provided, nor any process or know-how used, by the Company
infringes or is alleged to infringe any patent or other proprietary
right of any other Person.
(e)
Trademarks. Section 3.10(e) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule contains a complete and accurate list and summary
description of all Marks. The Company is the sole owner of all
right, title, and interest in and to each of the Marks, free and
clear of all Liens and other adverse claims. All Marks that have
been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office
are currently in compliance with all formal legal requirements
(including the timely post-registration filing of affidavits of use
and incontestability and renewal applications), are valid and
enforceable, and are not subject to any maintenance fees or Taxes
or actions falling due within ninety days after the Closing Date.
No Mark has been or is now involved in any opposition,
invalidation, or cancellation and, to the knowledge of the Company,
no such action is Threatened with the respect to any of the Marks.
No Mark is infringed or, to the knowledge of the Company, has been
challenged or threatened in any way. None of the Marks used by the
Company infringes or is alleged to infringe any trade name,
trademark, or service mark of any third party.
(f)
Copyrights. Section 3.10(f) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule contains a complete and accurate list and summary
description of all registered Copyrights. The Company is the sole
owner of all right, title, and interest in and to each of the
Copyrights, free and clear of all Liens and other adverse claims.
All the registered Copyrights are currently in compliance with
formal legal requirements, are valid and enforceable, and are not
subject to any maintenance fees or Taxes or actions falling due
within ninety days after Closing Date. No Copyright is infringed
or, to the knowledge of the Company, has been challenged or
threatened in any way. None of the subject matter of any of the
Copyrights infringes or is alleged to infringe any copyright of any
third party or is an unauthorized derivative work based on the work
of a third party.
(g) Trade
Secrets. With respect to each Trade Secret, the documentation
relating to such Trade Secret is current, accurate, and sufficient
in detail and content to identify and explain it and to allow its
full and proper use without reliance on the knowledge or memory of
any individual. The Company has taken all reasonable precautions to
protect the secrecy, confidentiality, and value of its Trade
Secrets, including requiring all professional and technical
employees and other employees, contractors and advisors having
access to valuable, non-public information of the Company to
execute agreements under which such Persons are required to
maintain the confidentiality of all such information of the
Company.
24
(h) Source
Code. Except as set forth in Section 3.10(h) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, no Company source code has been
delivered, licensed or made available to any escrow agent or other
Person (other than employees or consultants which are bound by
agreements substantially similar to the standard agreements of the
Company regarding the protection of confidential or proprietary
information) of the Company). Except as set forth in
Section 3.10(h) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the
Company has no duty or obligation (whether present, contingent or
otherwise) to deliver, license or make available any Company source
code to any escrow agent or other Person. Section 3.10(h) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each Contract pursuant
to which the Company is or may become obligated (with or without
the passage of time, the occurrence of certain events or otherwise)
to provide Company source code to any Person.
(i) Open
Source. Section 3.10(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
sets forth a list of all “free” or “open
source” software (including, but not limited to software
licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), GNU Lesser
General Public License (LGPL), Mozilla Public License (MPL), or
Com
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