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Exhibit
10.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
REORGANIZATION
DATED AS OF JUNE 11,
2008
AMONG
THE PRINCETON REVIEW,
INC.,
TPR SOCAL I,
INC.,
TPR SOCAL,
LLC,
THE PRINCETON REVIEW OF
ORANGE COUNTY, INC.
AND
PAUL
KANAREK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PAGE
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ARTICLE 1 THE MERGER
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1 |
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Section 1.1.
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The
Merger |
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1 |
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Section 1.2.
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Closing |
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2 |
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Section 1.3.
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Actions at the Closing |
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2 |
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Section 1.4.
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Effective Time |
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2 |
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Section 1.5.
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Effects of the Merger |
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2 |
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Section 1.6.
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Certificate of Formation and Operating
Agreement |
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2 |
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Section 1.7.
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Managers of Surviving Company |
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2 |
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Section 1.8.
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Merger
Consideration |
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2 |
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Section 1.9.
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Release of Escrow Amount |
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3 |
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Section 1.10.
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Tax
Consequences |
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3 |
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ARTICLE 2 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF THE SELLING PARTIES
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4 |
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Section 2.1.
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Organization and Standing |
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4 |
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Section 2.2.
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Power
and Authority; Binding Agreement |
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4 |
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Section 2.3.
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Authorization |
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5 |
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Section 2.4.
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Capitalization |
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6 |
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Section 2.5.
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Non
Contravention |
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6 |
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Section 2.6.
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Compliance with Laws |
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8 |
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Section 2.7.
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Permits |
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8 |
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Section 2.8.
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Financial Statements |
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8 |
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Section 2.9.
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Absence of Changes or Events |
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9 |
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Section 2.10.
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Undisclosed Liabilities |
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9 |
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Section 2.11.
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Assets
other than Real Property |
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9 |
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Section 2.12.
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Real
Property |
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9 |
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Section 2.13.
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Contracts |
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10 |
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Section 2.14.
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Intellectual Property |
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12 |
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Section 2.15.
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Litigation |
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13 |
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Section 2.16.
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Taxes |
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13 |
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Section 2.17.
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Insurance |
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15 |
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Section 2.18.
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Benefit Plans |
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15 |
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Section 2.19.
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Employee and Labor Matters |
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16 |
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Section 2.20.
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Environmental Matters |
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18 |
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Section 2.21.
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Transactions with Affiliates |
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19 |
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Section 2.22.
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Accounts; Powers of Attorney; Officers and
Directors |
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19 |
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Section 2.23.
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Brokers |
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19 |
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Section 2.24.
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Certain Business Practices |
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19 |
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Section 2.25.
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No
Former Business |
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19 |
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Section 2.26.
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Warranties |
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19 |
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Section 2.27.
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Disclosure |
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20 |
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ARTICLE 3 ADDITIONAL REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE STOCKHOLDER
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20 |
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Section 3.1.
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Power
and Authority; Binding Agreement |
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20 |
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Section 3.2.
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Non
Contravention |
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20 |
(i)
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Section 3.3.
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Title
to Securities |
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20 |
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Section 3.4.
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Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees |
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20 |
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Section 3.5.
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Sophistication |
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21 |
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Section 3.6.
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Shares
to be Held for Own Account |
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21 |
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Section 3.7.
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Disclosure of Information |
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21 |
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Section 3.8.
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Restricted Securities |
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21 |
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ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF THE BUYER PARTIES
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21 |
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Section 4.1.
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Organization and Standing |
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21 |
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Section 4.2.
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Power
and Authority; Binding Agreement |
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22 |
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Section 4.3.
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Non
Contravention |
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22 |
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Section 4.4.
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No
Interim Operations of the Merger Subs |
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23 |
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Section 4.5.
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SEC
Filings; Financial Statements |
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23 |
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Section 4.6.
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Undisclosed Liabilities |
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23 |
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Section 4.7.
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Litigation |
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23 |
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Section 4.8.
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No
Vote |
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23 |
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Section 4.9.
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Absence of Changes or Events |
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23 |
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ARTICLE 5 CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT
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24 |
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Section 5.1.
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Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation |
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24 |
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Section 5.2.
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Conditions to the Obligations of the Buyer
Parties |
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24 |
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Section 5.3.
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Conditions to the Obligations of the Seller
Parties |
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26 |
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ARTICLE 6 CERTAIN COVENANTS OF THE
COMPANY AND THE STOCKHOLDER
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27 |
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Section 6.1.
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Conduct of Business |
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27 |
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Section 6.2.
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Access |
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29 |
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Section 6.3.
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Stockholder Covenants |
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29 |
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Section 6.4.
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Tax
Matters |
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30 |
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Section 6.5.
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Consents |
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31 |
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Section 6.6.
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Insurance |
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31 |
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Section 6.7.
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Exclusivity |
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31 |
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Section 6.8.
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Notice
of Certain Events |
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32 |
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Section 6.9.
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The
Company’s Auditors |
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32 |
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Section 6.10.
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Delivery of Stock Ledger and Minute Book of the
Company |
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32 |
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Section 6.11.
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Termination of Qualified Plans. |
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32 |
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ARTICLE 6A. CERTAIN COVENANTS OF THE
PARENT
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32 |
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Section 6A.1.
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Employees Post Closing |
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32 |
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Section 6A.2.
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Grant
of Programs |
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33 |
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Section 6A.3.
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Pre-Closing Tax Returns |
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33 |
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Section 6A.4.
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Guarantees |
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33 |
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ARTICLE 7 MUTUAL COVENANTS
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33 |
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Section 7.1.
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Commercially Reasonable Efforts |
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33 |
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Section 7.2.
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Publicity |
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33 |
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Section 7.3.
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Expenses |
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34 |
(ii)
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Section 7.4.
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Further Assurances |
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34 |
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Section 7.5.
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Tax-Free Reorganization Treatment |
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34 |
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Section 7.6.
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Limit
on Distributions. |
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34 |
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Section 7.7.
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Tax
Liability. |
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34 |
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ARTICLE 8 INDEMNIFICATION
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35 |
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Section 8.1.
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Indemnification |
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35 |
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Section 8.2.
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Indemnification Claims |
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36 |
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Section 8.3.
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Survival; Right to Indemnification Not Affected by
Knowledge |
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37 |
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Section 8.4.
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Fraud
Claims |
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38 |
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Section 8.5.
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Limitations, Etc |
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38 |
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ARTICLE 9 PRIVATE PLACEMENT
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39 |
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Section 9.1.
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Private Placement |
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39 |
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Section 9.2.
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Authorization and Reservation of Shares |
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39 |
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ARTICLE 10 TERMINATION
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39 |
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Section 10.1.
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Termination |
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39 |
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Section 10.2.
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Effect
of Termination |
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40 |
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ARTICLE 11 DEFINED TERMS
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40 |
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Section 11.1.
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Definitions |
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40 |
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Section 11.2.
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Descriptive Headings; Certain
Interpretations |
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48 |
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ARTICLE 12 MISCELLANEOUS
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48 |
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Section 12.1.
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Notices |
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48 |
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Section 12.2.
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Assignment |
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49 |
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Section 12.3.
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Specific Enforcement |
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49 |
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Section 12.4.
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Amendment and Waiver |
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49 |
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Section 12.5.
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Entire
Agreement |
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49 |
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Section 12.6.
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No
Third-Party Beneficiaries |
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49 |
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Section 12.7.
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Counterparts |
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50 |
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Section 12.8.
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Governing Law |
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50 |
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Section 12.9.
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Severability |
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50 |
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Section 12.10.
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Submission to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury
Trial |
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50 |
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Section 12.11.
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Construction |
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50 |
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Section 12.12.
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Survival |
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50 |
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EXHIBITS :
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EXHIBIT A-1
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FORM OF
CALIFORNIA CERTIFICATE OF MERGER |
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EXHIBIT A-2
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FORM OF
DELAWARE CERTIFICATE OF MERGER |
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EXHIBIT B
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MANAGERS OF
SURVIVING COMPANY |
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EXHIBIT C
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SPECIAL
OPINION OF THE STOCKHOLDER’S COUNSEL |
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EXHIBIT D
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LIST OF
FRANCHISES |
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EXHIBIT E
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FORM OF
OPINION OF COMPANY’S COUNSEL |
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EXHIBIT F
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FORM OF
NON-COMPETE AGREEMENT |
(iii)
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EXHIBIT G
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FORM OF
ESCROW AGREEMENT |
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EXHIBIT H
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FORM OF
OPINION OF PARENT’S COUNSEL |
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EXHIBIT I
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FORM OF
RELEASE |
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EXHIBIT J
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FORM OF
401(K) PLAN TERMINATION RESOLUTIONS |
SCHEDULES :
Disclosure Schedule pursuant to Article
2 and Article 3
Schedule 4.6
Schedule 5.2(f)
Schedule 5.2(j)
Schedule 5.2(o)
Schedule 6A.1
Schedule 6A.4
(iv)
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
REORGANIZATION
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
REORGANIZATION (the “ Agreement ”), dated as of
June 11, 2008, is made by and among The Princeton Review,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), TPR
SoCal I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Parent (the “ Merger Sub I ”), TPR SoCal,
LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub II ”), The
Princeton Review of Orange, Inc., a California corporation (the
“ Company ”), and Paul Kanarek, an individual
residing in the State of California, and the sole stockholder of
the Company (the “ Stockholder ”). The foregoing
parties are sometimes referred to herein each individually as a
“Party” and, collectively, as the
“Parties.” Capitalized terms used but not otherwise
defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in Article
11.
WHEREAS, the Company operates
several test preparation businesses pursuant to franchise
agreements with Parent. Parent desires to acquire the entire equity
interest in the Company from Stockholder and Stockholder desires to
sell the entire equity interest in the Company to Parent, on the
terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
WHEREAS, this Agreement
contemplates a merger of Merger Sub I with and into the Company,
with the Company surviving, followed by a merger of the surviving
corporation of the foregoing merger with and into Merger Sub II,
with Merger Sub II surviving (collectively, the “
Merger ”). In such Merger, the Stockholder will
receive a combination of Parent Common Stock and cash in exchange
for Company Common Stock.
WHEREAS, in furtherance of
the Merger, (a) the Boards of Directors of each of the Merger
Subs, Parent and the Company have duly adopted the plan of merger
set forth in this Agreement and recommended it for approval by
their respective stockholders, and have approved (i) the
Certificates of Merger (the “ Certificates of Merger
”) to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of
California and the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware
(each, a “ Secretary of State ,” and together,
the “ Secretaries of State ”) in substantially
the form of Exhibit A-1 and Exhibit A-2 ,
respectively, to effectuate the Merger, (ii) this Agreement
and (iii) the Merger; and (b) Parent, as the sole
stockholder of the Merger Subs, and Stockholder, as the sole
stockholder of the Company, each have approved the plan of merger
set forth in this Agreement, all in accordance with this Agreement
and, as applicable, the California Corporations Code (the “
California Laws ”) and the Delaware General
Corporation Law and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the
“ Delaware Laws ”).
WHEREAS, the Merger is
intended to qualify as a “reorganization” within the
meaning of Section 368(a)(i)(A) of the Code, and this
Agreement is intended to constitute a “plan of
reorganization” within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and
1.368-3(a) of the Treasury Regulations.
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the mutual benefits to be derived from this
Agreement and the representations, warranties, covenants,
agreements, conditions and promises contained herein, and other
good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of
which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereby agree as
follows.
ARTICLE 1
THE
MERGER
Section 1.1. The
Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement, and in accordance with the California Laws and
the Delaware Laws, at the Effective Time, (a) Merger Sub I
shall be merged with and into the Company, at which time the
separate corporate
existence of Merger Sub I shall cease
and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation, and,
immediately thereafter, (b) the Company, as the surviving
corporation in the foregoing merger, shall be merged with and into
Merger Sub II, at which time the separate corporate existence of
the Company shall cease and Merger Sub II shall continue as the
surviving entity (the “ Surviving Company
”).
Section 1.2. Closing .
The closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”)
shall be held at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, Exchange
Place, 53 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts, at 10:00 a.m. on a
date that is as soon as practicable following satisfaction (except
to the extent waived in accordance with Article 5) of all
conditions to the obligations of the Parties to consummate, or
cause the consummation, of the Merger and the taking of all other
actions (other than those that by their terms are to be satisfied
or taken, or waived, at or after the Closing) set forth in Article
5, or on such other date, and at such other time or place, as
Parent and the Stockholder may mutually agree in
writing.
Section 1.3. Actions at
the Closing . At the Closing, the Parties shall file, or cause
to be filed, the Certificates of Merger and other appropriate
documents in the offices of the applicable Secretary of State and
shall make all other filings or recordings required under the
California Laws and the Delaware Laws, to give effect to the
Merger.
Section 1.4. Effective
Time . The Merger shall become effective at the time of the
acceptance of the filing of the Certificates of Merger by the
Secretaries of State (the “ Effective Time
”).
Section 1.5. Effects of
the Merger . The Merger shall have the effects provided for in
the California Laws and the Delaware Laws.
Section 1.6. Certificate
of Formation and Operating Agreement . The certificate of
formation and the operating agreement of the Surviving Company
immediately following the Effective Time shall remain in full force
and effect, except that the name of the limited liability company
set forth therein shall be changed to the name of the
Company.
Section 1.7. Managers of
Surviving Company . From and after the Effective Time, the
individuals identified on Exhibit B shall be the initial
managers of the Surviving Company.
Section 1.8. Merger
Consideration .
(a) Merger
Consideration . By virtue of the Merger and without any action
on the part of the Stockholder, Parent, the Merger Subs or the
Company, or their respective stockholders, except as otherwise
provided in this Section 1.8, the Stockholder shall be
entitled to receive from Parent, in exchange for all shares of
Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time, an aggregate amount of cash and Parent Common
Stock, allocated in accordance with this Section 1.8, equal to
the Merger Consideration. “ Merger Consideration
” shall mean $12,246,129.
(b) Allocation of Merger
Consideration . At the Effective Time, the Stockholder, after
surrender of the stock certificate that represents all of the
issued and outstanding shares of Company Common Stock (the “
Company Certificate ”), together with a letter of
transmittal duly executed and completed in accordance with the
instructions thereto shall be entitled to receive the Merger
Consideration in the form of (i) 719,149 shares of Parent
Common Stock, calculated based on the Price Per Share (the “
Stock Consideration ”), and cash in the amount equal
to $6,646,115.74 (the “ Cash Consideration ”),
reduced by the Escrow Amount. At the Effective Time, the Parent
shall (y) pay to the Stockholder the Cash Consideration
less the Escrow Amount, and shall issue, or cause to be
issued, to and in the name of Stockholder, a stock certificate
representing the Stock Consideration, and (z) pay to the
Escrow Agent $2,000,000.00 in cash (the “ Escrow
Amount ”), to be administered pursuant to the
Escrow
2
Agreement (as hereinafter defined) and
the Company Certificate shall forthwith be canceled. Until so
surrendered, the Company Certificate shall, upon and following the
Effective Time, represent solely the right to receive the Merger
Consideration, without interest. Notwithstanding anything in this
Agreement to the contrary, the Parties hereto shall use
commercially reasonable efforts to adjust the allocation of the
Merger Consideration between cash and stock by the minimum extent
necessary in order to satisfy the requirements of Treasury
Regulations Section 1.368-1(e).
(c) Membership Interests
in Merger Sub II. At the Effective Time, each unit of
membership interest of Merger Sub II issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall constitute one
(1) validly issued unit of membership interest of the
Surviving Company.
(d) Effect on Company
Common Stock . At the Effective Time, the shares of Company
Common Stock converted into the Stockholder’s right to
receive the Merger Consideration shall no longer be outstanding and
shall automatically be canceled and retired and shall cease to
exist, and the Stockholder shall cease to have any rights with
respect thereto, except the right to receive the Merger
Consideration.
Section 1.9. Release of
Escrow Amount .
(a) On the date that is
eighteen (18) months following the Closing Date (the “
Escrow Release Date ”), the amount by which the Escrow
Amount exceeds the Escrow Release Date Indemnification Amount as of
such date shall be released by the Escrow Agent to the Stockholder;
provided , that in the event there is an asserted, but
unresolved claim for Damages for which Parent has provided any
Claim Notice to the Stockholder pursuant to the provisions of
Article 8, Parent may direct the Escrow Agent in accordance with
the Escrow Agreement to continue to withhold a portion of the
Escrow Amount equal in value to the amount of Damages estimated in
good faith by Parent and set forth in such Claim Notice(s).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, on the date that is twelve
(12) months following the Closing Date (the “ Partial
Release Date ”) and if counsel to the Stockholder has
executed and delivered to Parent the legal opinion that is attached
hereto as Exhibit C , $750,000 of the Escrow Amount (or such
lesser amount that is being held in escrow on such date pursuant to
the Escrow Agreement) shall be released by the Escrow Agent to the
Stockholder, provided , that in the event there is an
asserted, but unresolved claim for Damages for which Parent has
provided any Claim Notice to the Stockholder pursuant to the
provisions of Article 8, Parent may direct the Escrow Agent in
accordance with the Escrow Agreement to continue to withhold a
portion of the Escrow Amount equal in value to the amount of
Damages estimated in good faith by Parent and set forth in such
Claim Notice(s).
(b) Following the Escrow
Release Date, if any indemnification claim made under this
Agreement but not finally resolved by the Partial Release Date or
the Escrow Release Date, as the case may be, and with respect to
which the Escrow Agent has withheld a portion of the Escrow Amount
pursuant to Section 1.9(a) is finally resolved, unless Parent
otherwise determines in good faith that the amount withheld with
respect to its and the Indemnified Parties’ indemnification
claims is less than the amount to which they are entitled to
indemnity hereunder, then such excess amount so withheld shall be
released to the Stockholder.
Section 1.10. Tax
Consequences . The Parties intend for the Merger to qualify as
a “reorganization” within the meaning of
Section 368(a)(i)(A) of the Code, and the Parties adopt this
Agreement as a “plan of reorganization” within the
meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the Treasury
Regulations; provided , that no Party makes any
representations or warranties to any other Party as to whether the
Merger qualifies as a “reorganization” within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code; provided further
, that each of the Parties (i) has reviewed with its own tax
advisors the tax consequences of the Merger to each of them,
(ii) is relying solely on such advisors and not on
any
3
statements or representations of the
other Party or its agents, and (iii) acknowledges that each
Party is responsible for its own tax consequences resulting from
the Merger and any other transactions effected in connection
therewith or otherwise contemplated in this Agreement.
ARTICLE 2
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES
OF THE SELLING
PARTIES
The Stockholder and the
Company (each, a “ Selling Party ” or “
Seller Party ” and together, the “ Selling
Parties ”), jointly and severally represent and warrant
to the Buyer Parties that the statements contained in this Article
2 are true and correct as of the date of this Agreement, and will
be true and correct as of the Closing Date, except as otherwise set
forth in the Disclosure Schedule delivered by the Stockholder and
the Company to Parent on the date hereof (the “ Disclosure
Schedule ”). The Disclosure Schedule will be arranged in
paragraphs corresponding to the Sections and subsections contained
in this Article 2.
Section 2.1. Organization
and Standing . Each of the Franchises listed on Exhibit
D attached hereto (each, a “ Franchise ,”
and together, the “ Franchises ”) (a) is,
if such Franchise is an entity, an entity duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of
incorporation (which are listed in Section 2.1(a) of the
Disclosure Schedule), (b) has all requisite corporate or other
power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted
and (c) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its
business or the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties
makes such qualification or licensing necessary, which
jurisdictions are listed in Section 2.1(c) of the Disclosure
Schedule, except where such failure to be so qualified or licensed
would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Change to a Franchise. The Seller Parties have made available to
Parent and its Representatives complete and correct copies of each
Franchise’s Constitutive Documents, stock record books and
minute books, if applicable, each of which are true and
complete.
Section 2.2. Power and
Authority; Binding Agreement .
(a) Subject to the adoption
of the plan of merger set forth in this Agreement by the
Company’s Board of Directors and the Stockholder’s
approval, as the sole stockholder of the Company, (i) the
Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement, to consummate the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated hereby and to perform its obligations
hereunder, and (ii) the execution and delivery by the Company
of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated hereby have been duly
authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the
Company, and no other proceedings on the part of the Seller Parties
shall be necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. This
Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Seller
Parties, and assuming due execution and delivery by the other
Parties, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Seller
Parties, enforceable against the Seller Parties in accordance with
its terms, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar federal or
state laws affecting the rights of creditors and the effect or
availability of rules of law governing specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies (regardless of
whether any such remedy is considered in a proceeding at law or in
equity) (collectively, the “ Bankruptcy Laws and Equitable
Principles ”).
4
(b) The LeComp Entities have
all requisite corporate or other power and authority to execute and
deliver that certain Franchise and Asset Sale Agreement by and
among Parent, the Surviving Company, LeCompCo., Inc., a California
corporation (“ LeComp ”) and Lloyd Eric Cotsen,
the sole stockholder of LeComp (“ Cotsen ”),
dated as of even date herewith (the “ LeComp Agreement
”), whereby LeComp will sell and transfer to the Surviving
Company, among other things, that certain Franchise Agreement by
and between Parent and LeComp (the “ LeComp Franchise
Agreement ”), and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by the LeComp Agreement and to perform their
obligations thereunder. The execution and delivery by LeComp and
Cotsen (the “ LeComp Entities ”) of the LeComp
Agreement and the consummation by the LeComp Entities of the
transactions contemplated by the LeComp Agreement have been duly
authorized by all necessary corporate or other action on the part
of the LeComp Entities, and no other proceedings on the part of the
LeComp Entities shall be necessary to authorize the LeComp
Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated thereby,
including, without limitation, the transfer of the LeComp Franchise
Agreement. The LeComp Agreement has been duly executed and
delivered by the LeComp Entities, and assuming due execution and
delivery by the other parties to the LeComp Agreement, constitutes
a valid and binding obligation of the LeComp Entities, enforceable
against the LeComp Entities in accordance with its terms, subject
to Bankruptcy Laws and Equitable Principles.
(c) The Stockholder has all
requisite power and authority to execute and deliver that certain
Franchise and Asset Sale Agreement by and among Parent, the
Surviving Company and the Stockholder, dated as of even date
herewith (the “ Kanarek Agreement ,” and
together with the LeComp Agreement, the “ Asset Sale
Agreements ”), whereby the Stockholder will sell and
transfer to the Surviving Company, among other things, certain
Franchise Agreements by and between Parent and the Stockholder (the
“ Kanarek Franchise Agreements ”) pursuant to
which the Stockholder operates test preparation businesses in New
Mexico, Utah and Fresno, San Luis Obispo and Kern Counties in
California (each, a “ Stockholder Franchise ”),
and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Kanarek
Agreement and to perform his obligations thereunder. The execution
and delivery by the Stockholder of the Kanarek Agreement and the
consummation by the Stockholder of the transactions contemplated by
the Kanarek Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary
action on the part of the Stockholder, and no other proceedings on
the part of the Stockholder shall be necessary to authorize the
Kanarek Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated
thereby, including, without limitation, the transfer of the Kanarek
Franchise Agreements. The Kanarek Agreement has been duly executed
and delivered by the Stockholder, and assuming due execution and
delivery by the other parties to the Kanarek Agreement, constitutes
a valid and binding obligation of the Stockholder, enforceable
against the Stockholder in accordance with its terms, subject to
Bankruptcy Laws and Equitable Principles.
Section 2.3.
Authorization .
(a) The Board of Directors of
the Company, at a meeting duly called and held at which all
directors of the Company were present, duly and unanimously adopted
resolutions (i) approving the Merger, this Agreement and the
other transactions contemplated hereby and adopting the plan of
merger set forth in this Agreement, (ii) recommending that the
Stockholder, as the sole stockholder of the Company, approve the
plan of merger set forth in this Agreement, and
(iii) authorizing the Company to enter into this Agreement and
to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
this Agreement. The Stockholder, as the sole stockholder of the
Company, has approved the plan of merger set forth in this
Agreement.
(b) The Board of Directors of
LeComp, at a meeting duly called and held at which all directors of
LeComp were present, duly and unanimously adopted resolutions
(i) approving the execution by LeComp of the LeComp Agreement
and consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, on the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the LeComp
Agreement, including, without
5
limitation, the transfer of the LeComp
Franchise Agreement. Cotsen, as the sole stockholder of LeComp, has
approved the transfer of the LeComp Franchise Agreement and has
approved the LeComp Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated thereby.
Section 2.4.
Capitalization .
(a) The authorized Capital
Stock of the Company consists of 100,000 shares of capital stock,
no par value (the “ Company Common Stock ”), of
which 10,000 shares are issued and outstanding and no shares are
held in the treasury of the Company. The authorized Capital Stock
of LeComp consists of 20,000 shares of common stock, no par value
(the “ LeComp Common Stock ”), of which 100
shares are issued and outstanding and no shares are held in the
treasury of LeComp.
(b) The issued and
outstanding shares of Company Common Stock are owned of record and
beneficially solely by the Stockholder and have been duly
authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and
non-assessable. The issued and outstanding shares of LeComp Common
Stock are owned of record and beneficially solely by Cotsen and
have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and
non-assessable. All of the issued and outstanding shares of Company
Common Stock and LeComp Common Stock have been offered, issued and
sold by the Company and LeComp, as applicable, in compliance in all
material respects with all applicable federal and state securities
Laws.
(c) There are no stock plans
pursuant to which shares of Company Common Stock or shares of
LeComp Common Stock have been or may be issued, and no options or
other rights to purchase shares of Company Common Stock or LeComp
Common Stock have been or may be issued to directors, employees,
consultants or any other Persons, nor, except as set forth in
Section 2.4(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, are there or have
there been any grants of stock appreciation rights,
“phantom” or “shadow” stock or other equity
incentive or compensation or similar rights entitling any Persons
to share in appreciation in the equity value of any Franchise as to
which a Franchise has or will have any obligation. Other than this
Agreement, there is no contract or other obligation of the
Franchises to issue or sell any of their securities.
(d) Except as set forth in
Section 2.4(d) of the Disclosure Schedule, each Franchise has
no Subsidiaries and does not own or control, directly or
indirectly, any shares of capital stock of or any other equity
interest in any other Person. There is no holder of Indebtedness of
any Franchise having the right to vote on any matters on which
stockholders or other owners of a Franchise may vote.
Section 2.5. Non
Contravention .
(a) The execution and
delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the consummation of the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and the compliance by the Company with the provisions of this
Agreement do not and will not result in any violation or breach of,
or default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under,
or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation
or acceleration of any obligation, or result in the creation of any
Lien other than a Permitted Lien, in or upon any of the properties
or assets of the Company under any provision of (i) the
Company’s Constitutive Documents, (ii) except as set
forth in Section 2.5(a)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule, any
loan or credit agreement, bond, debenture, note, mortgage,
indenture, guarantee, lease or other Contract to which the Company
is a party or by which it or its properties or assets are bound or
otherwise under which the Company has rights or benefits or
(iii) any Judgment specifically naming the Company or any of
its Affiliates or any Law applicable to the Company or its
properties or assets. The execution and delivery by LeComp of the
LeComp Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated
by the LeComp Agreement and the compliance by LeComp with the
provisions of the LeComp Agreement and the transfer of the LeComp
Franchise Agreement do not and will not
6
result in any violation or breach of, or
default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under, or
give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation, or result in the creation of any
Lien other than a Permitted Lien, in or upon any of the properties
or assets of LeComp under any provision of (i) LeComp’s
Constitutive Documents, (ii) except as set forth in
Section 2.5(a)(ii) of the Disclosure Schedule, any loan or
credit agreement, bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture,
guarantee, lease or other Contract to which LeComp is a party or by
which it or its properties or assets are bound or otherwise under
which LeComp has rights or benefits or (iii) any Judgment
specifically naming LeComp or any of its Affiliates or any Law
applicable to LeComp or its properties or assets. The execution and
delivery by the Stockholder of the Kanarek Agreement, the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Kanarek
Agreement and the compliance by the Stockholder with the provisions
of the Kanarek Agreement and the transfer of the Kanarek Franchise
Agreements do not and will not result in any violation or breach
of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both)
under, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination,
cancellation or acceleration of any obligation, or result in the
creation of any Lien other than a Permitted Lien, in or upon any of
the properties or assets of the Stockholder Franchises under any
provision of (i) any Stockholder Franchise’s
Constitutive Documents, (ii) except as set forth in
Section 2.5(a)(iii) of the Disclosure Schedule, any loan or
credit agreement, bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture,
guarantee, lease or other Contract to which the Stockholder or a
Stockholder Franchise is a party or by which it or its properties
or assets are bound or otherwise under which the Stockholder or a
Stockholder Franchise has rights or benefits or (iii) any
Judgment specifically naming the Stockholder or any of his
Affiliates or any Stockholder Franchise or any Law applicable to
the Stockholder or a Stockholder Franchise or its properties or
assets.
(b) No consent, approval,
order or authorization of, registration, declaration or filing
with, or notice to, any Governmental Entity is required by or with
respect to the Company in connection with the execution and
delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the consummation by the
Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby or the compliance by the Company with the provisions of this
Agreement, except for (i) the filing of the Certificates of
Merger with the Secretaries of State of the State of Delaware and
the State of California and appropriate documents with the relevant
authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified to do
business, and (ii) such other consents, approvals, orders,
authorizations, registrations, declarations, filings and notices,
the failure of which to be obtained or made, individually or in the
aggregate, would not impair in any material respect the ability of
the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or
prevent or materially impede or delay the consummation of the
Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby or
cause a Material Adverse Change to the Company or the Surviving
Company. No consent, approval, order or authorization of,
registration, declaration or filing with, or notice to, any
Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to LeComp in
connection with the execution and delivery by LeComp of the LeComp
Agreement, the consummation by LeComp of the transactions
contemplated by the LeComp Agreement or the compliance by LeComp
with the provisions of the LeComp Agreement, except for such
consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations,
declarations, filings and notices, the failure of which to be
obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate, would not
impair in any material respect the ability of LeComp to perform its
obligations under the LeComp Agreement or prevent or materially
impede or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated
by the LeComp Agreement or cause a Material Adverse Change to
LeComp. No consent, approval, order or authorization of,
registration, declaration or filing with, or notice to, any
Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to the
Stockholder or any Stockholder Franchise in connection with the
execution and delivery by the Stockholder of the Kanarek Agreement,
the consummation by the Stockholder of the transactions
contemplated by the Kanarek Agreement or the compliance by the
Stockholder with the provisions of the Kanarek Agreement, except
for such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations,
registrations, declarations, filings and notices, the failure of
which to be obtained or made, individually or in the aggregate,
would not impair in any material respect the ability of the
Stockholder to perform its obligations under the Kanarek Agreement
or prevent or materially impede or delay the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by the Kanarek Agreement or cause a
Material Adverse Change to the Stockholder or any Stockholder
Franchise.
7
Section 2.6. Compliance
with Law . Except as set forth in Section 2.6(a) of the
Disclosure Schedule, each of the Franchises is, and since inception
has been, in compliance in all material respects with all
applicable Laws and Judgments of any Governmental Entity applicable
to the businesses or operations of such Franchise. Except as set
forth in Section 2.6(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, there is
no pending, or to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, threatened
claim, demand or investigation alleging a violation by a Franchise
of any applicable Law or Judgment of any Governmental Entity
applicable to the businesses or operations of the Franchises as of
the date hereof.
Section 2.7. Permits .
Each of the Franchises validly holds and has in full force and
effect all Permits necessary for it to own, lease or operate its
properties and assets and to carry on its businesses as now
conducted, and there has occurred no material violation of, or
default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under, or
event giving to any other Person any right of termination,
amendment or cancellation of, any such Permit. Each of the
Franchises has complied in all material respects with the terms and
conditions of all Permits issued to or held by it and, to the
Seller Parties’ knowledge, such Permits will not be subject
to suspension, modification, revocation or non-renewal as a result
of the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Asset Sale
Agreements, or the consummation of the Merger or any of the other
transactions contemplated hereby or by the Asset Sale Agreements.
Section 2.7(a) of the Disclosure Schedule lists each Permit
issued or granted to or held by the Company, the failure of which
to be obtained would reasonably be expected to impair in any
material respect the ability of the Company to perform its
obligations under this Agreement or prevent or materially impede or
delay the consummation of the Merger or any of the other
transactions contemplated hereby or cause a Material Adverse
Change. All of the Permits listed in Section 2.7(a) of the
Disclosure Schedule are held in the name of the Company, and none
are held in the name of any Personnel or agent or otherwise on
behalf of the Company. Section 2.7(b) of the Disclosure
Schedule lists each Permit issued or granted to or held by LeComp,
the failure of which to be obtained would reasonably be expected to
impair in any material respect the ability of LeComp to perform its
obligations under the LeComp Agreement or prevent or materially
impede or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated
thereby or cause a Material Adverse Change. All of the Permits
listed in Section 2.7(b) of the Disclosure Schedule are held
in the name of LeComp, and none are held in the name of any
Personnel or agent or otherwise on behalf of LeComp.
Section 2.7(c) of the Disclosure Schedule lists each Permit
issued or granted to or held by the Stockholder, the failure of
which to be obtained would reasonably be expected to impair in any
material respect the ability of the Stockholder to perform its
obligations under the Kanarek Agreement or prevent or materially
impede or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated
thereby or cause a Material Adverse Change. All of the Permits
listed in Section 2.7(c) of the Disclosure Schedule are held
in the name of the Stockholder, and none are held in the name of
anyone else on behalf of the Stockholder or the Stockholder
Franchises.
Section 2.8. Financial
Statements .
(a) Attached to
Section 2.8 of the Disclosure Schedule are the unaudited
statements of income of each of the Franchises as of and for the
twelve (12) month periods ended on November 30, 2006 and
November 30, 2007 (together, the “ Financial
Statements ”). The Financial Statements (a) are
consistent with the books and records of the Franchises, as
applicable, and (b) present fairly the financial condition and
results of operations of each of the Franchises as of the
respective dates thereof and for the periods referred to
therein.
(b) All accounts receivable
of each of the Franchises are current and arose from valid
transactions in the Ordinary Course with unrelated third parties.
To the Seller Parties’ knowledge, except
8
to the extent of reserves for doubtful
accounts described in Section 2.8(b) of the Disclosure
Schedule, each of the Franchise’s accounts receivable are
collectible in full, net of any reserves described in
Section 2.8(b) of the Disclosure Schedule.
Section 2.9. Absence of
Changes or Events . Since the Most Recent Year End Financials
Date, (a) each of the Franchises has conducted its businesses
only in the Ordinary Course, (b) except as set forth in
Section 2.9 of the Disclosure Schedule, there has occurred no
Material Adverse Change with respect to any Franchise, nor any
change, circumstance, development, state of facts, event or effect
that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Change to any Franchise, (c) each of the Franchises has not
taken any of the actions that, if taken after the date of this
Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of the covenants set
forth in Articles 6 or 7, and (d) no Franchise has experienced
a decline in revenue of greater than ten percent (10%) during
any twelve (12) month trailing period measured against any
other trailing twelve (12) month period since the Most Recent
Year End Financials Date (in each case, calculated as of the last
day of each month).
Section 2.10. Undisclosed
Liabilities . No Franchise has any liabilities or obligations
of any nature (whether known or unknown, absolute or contingent,
liquidated, due, accrued or not, or otherwise), except for such
liabilities and obligations (a) disclosed in
Section 2.10(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, (b) that are
incurred in the Ordinary Course since the Most Recent Year End
Financials Date, (c) that are not required to be reflected on
a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP, (d) that
will be fully satisfied at or before Closing, (e) that are
“Excluded Liabilities” as defined in the Asset Sale
Agreements or (f) that are set forth in Contracts listed in
Section 2.13(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, other than
contingent obligations due to any breaches or non-performance
thereunder.
Section 2.11. Assets other
than Real Property .
(a) Each of the Franchises is
the true and lawful owner and has good and valid title to all
assets (tangible or intangible) used in the businesses of the
Franchises, or, in the case of the Franchises other than the
Company, has the right to use assets that are owned or leased by
the Company, except those sold or otherwise disposed of for fair
value in the Ordinary Course or as a distribution since the Most
Recent Year End Financials Date and not in violation of this
Agreement, in each case free and clear of all Liens (other than
Permitted Liens).
(b) Each of the Franchises
owns, leases or has available to it from the Company all tangible
assets sufficient for the conduct of its businesses as presently
conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted.
(c) The Purchased Assets (as
defined in the Asset Sale Agreements) and the assets owned by the
Company at the Effective Time together constitute all of the assets
and services used by the Franchises as currently operated. The
Purchased Assets (as defined in the Asset Sale Agreements) and the
assets owned by the Company at the Effective Time are sufficient to
enable Merger Sub II and Parent and its Affiliates to operate the
Franchises after the Closing in the same manner as operated prior
to the Closing.
Section 2.12. Real
Property .
(a) Except as set forth in
Section 2.12(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, each of the
Franchises owns no real property or interests (other than leasehold
interests) in real property.
(b) Section 2.12(b) of
the Disclosure Schedule lists all real property and interests in
real property leased by each of the Franchises (each, a “
Leased Property ”) and lists the term of such
lease,
9
any extension or expansion options and
the rent payable thereunder. The Seller Parties have delivered to
Parent complete and accurate copies of all such leases, and any
operating agreements relating thereto. With respect to each Leased
Property, (i) the applicable Franchise has good and valid
title to the leasehold estate relating thereto, free and clear of
all Liens, leases, assignments, subleases, easements, covenants,
rights-of-way and other material restrictions of any nature
whatsoever, other than Permitted Liens, (ii) the lease
relating to such Leased Property is in writing and is legal, valid,
binding, in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance
with its terms, (iii) except as set forth in
Section 2.12(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the lease relating
to such Leased Property will, immediately following the Effective
Time, continue to be legal, valid, binding, in full force and
effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms as in effect on
the date hereof, (iv) the applicable Franchise is not and, to
the Seller Parties’ knowledge, no other party to the lease
relating to such Leased Property is, in material breach or
violation of, or in material default under, such lease, (v) no
event, occurrence, condition or act has occurred, is pending or, to
the Seller Parties’ knowledge is threatened, which, with the
giving of notice, lapse of time, or the happening of any further
event, occurrence, condition or act, would constitute a material
breach or default by the applicable Franchise, or, to the Seller
Parties’ knowledge, any other party to such lease, under such
lease, or give rise to a right of termination or cancellation under
any such leases, (vi) there are no material disputes, oral
agreements or forbearance programs in effect as to the lease
relating to such Leased Property, (vii) all facilities
included in such Leased Property are supplied with utilities and
other services adequate for the operation of such facilities as
presently operated, (viii) there is no Lien, easement,
covenant or other restriction (other than Permitted Liens)
applicable to such Leased Property which would reasonably be
expected to materially impair the current uses or the occupancy by
the Franchise of such Leased Property, (ix) all rents and
additional rents due on the lease relating to such Leased Property
have been paid, and (x) except as set forth in
Section 2.6(a) of the Disclosure Schedule the current use by
the applicable Franchise of the facilities located on such Leased
Property does not violate any local zoning or similar land use
requirement or other Law in any material respect.
Section 2.13.
Contracts .
(a) Section 2.13(a) of
the Disclosure Schedule lists the following Contracts to which a
Franchise is a party or is bound (each such Contract, whether or
not set forth in such section of the Disclosure Schedule, a “
Material Contract ”), except for any Contract between
Parent and any Franchise:
(i) any employment or
consulting Contract, or any employee collective bargaining
agreement or other Contract with any labor union or any
Personnel;
(ii) any Contract not to
compete or otherwise materially restricting the development,
manufacture, marketing, distribution or sale of any products of the
Company and/or LeComp and, to the extent applicable, products under
development (collectively, the “ Products ”) or
services;
(iii) any Contract
(A) between the Company and the Stockholder, any former holder
of Company Common Stock or any Personnel, (B) between LeComp
and the Stockholder or the Company, any former holder of capital
stock of LeComp or any Personnel and (C) between a Stockholder
Franchise and the Stockholder, any former holder of capital stock
of a Stockholder Franchise or any Personnel;
(iv) any lease, sublease or
similar Contract with any Person under which a Franchise is a
lessor or sublessor of, or makes available for use to any Person,
(A) any Leased Property or (B) any portion of any
premises otherwise occupied by the Franchise, as
applicable;
10
(v) any lease or similar
Contract with any Person under which (A) a Franchise is lessee
of, or holds or uses, any machinery, equipment, vehicle or other
tangible personal property owned by any Person, where the annual
payments under any such lease or such Contract exceeds $10,000 or
(B) a Franchise is a lessor or sublessor of, or makes
available for use by any Person, any tangible personal property
owned or leased by the Franchise, other than in those entered into
in the Ordinary Course;
(vi) any Contract for the
purchase or sale of Products or the furnishing or receipt of
services (A) calling for performance over a period of more
than one year and which is not terminable by the applicable
Franchise, with ninety (90) days’ notice or less,
without payment of a termination fee or similar payment,
(B) requiring or otherwise involving payment by or to the
applicable Franchise of more than an aggregate of $10,000,
(C) in which the applicable Franchise has granted
manufacturing rights, “most favored nation” pricing
provisions or marketing or distribution rights relating to any
Products, services or territory and which is not terminable by the
applicable Franchise with ninety (90) days notice or less,
without payment of a termination fee or similar payment or
(D) in which the applicable Franchise has agreed to purchase a
minimum quantity of goods or services or has agreed to purchase
goods or services exclusively from a certain party;
(vii) any Contract for the
disposition of any significant portion of the assets or business of
a Franchise or any agreement for the acquisition, directly or
indirectly, of the assets or business of any other Person involving
payment by or to the Franchise of more than an aggregate of
$10,000;
(viii) any Contract for any
joint venture or partnership;
(ix) any Contract granting a
third party any license to or option on any Franchise Intellectual
Property other than in the Ordinary Course, or pursuant to which a
Franchise has been granted by a third party any license to any
Intellectual Property which would reasonably be expected to require
payment in excess of $10,000 a year;
(x) any Contract (other than
trade debt incurred in the Ordinary Course) under which a Franchise
has borrowed any money from, or issued any note, bond, debenture or
other evidence of Indebtedness to, any Person or any note, bond,
debenture or other evidence of Indebtedness issued by a Franchise
or any of its Affiliates to any Person;
(xi) any Contract (including
so-called take-or-pay or “keep well” agreements) under
which (A) any Person (including a Franchise) has, directly or
indirectly, guaranteed Indebtedness, liabilities or obligations of
a Franchise or (B) a Franchise has, directly or indirectly,
guaranteed Indebtedness, liabilities or obligations of any Person
(in each case other than endorsements for the purpose of collection
in the Ordinary Course);
(xii) any Contract under
which a Franchise has, directly or indirectly, made any advance,
loan, extension of credit or capital contribution to, or other
investment in, any Person other than in the Ordinary
Course;
(xiii) any Contract providing
for indemnification of any Person by a Franchise, other than
express indemnities included in standard form sales or service
contracts, or license agreements, entered into by a Franchise in
the Ordinary Course; and
11
(xiv) any Contract under
which the consequences of a default or termination would reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change to a Franchise
or the Surviving Company.
(b) Each Material Contract is
in full force and effect, and is legal, valid, binding and
enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to Bankruptcy
Laws and Equitable Principles. True and complete copies of each
Material Contract have been delivered to Parent. There is no
material violation, breach or default under any Material Contract
by a Franchise or, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, by any
other party thereto, and no event has occurred or condition exists
that with the lapse of time or the giving of notice or both would
constitute a material default thereunder by the applicable
Franchise or, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, any other
party thereto. No notice, waiver, consent or approval is required
(or the lack of which would give rise to a right of termination,
cancellation or acceleration of, or entitle any party to
accelerate, whether after the giving of notice or lapse of time or
both, any obligation under the Material Contracts) under or
relating to any Material Contract in connection with the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement or the consummation of
the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
Immediately following the Effective Time, each Material Contract
will continue to be in full force and effect, and valid, binding
and enforceable in accordance with its terms subject to Bankruptcy
Laws and Equitable Principles.
Section 2.14. Intellectual
Property .
(a) Section 2.14(a)(i)
of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of
all Intellectual Property of the Company, other than any item that
is solely Intellectual Property pursuant to clause (iv) or
(v) of the definition of such Intellectual Property or
Intellectual Property licensed from Parent.
Section 2.14(a)(ii) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a
true and complete list of all Intellectual Property of LeComp,
other than any item that is solely Intellectual Property pursuant
to clause (iv) or (v) of the definition of such
Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property licensed from
Parent. Section 2.14(a)(iii) of the Disclosure Schedule sets
forth a true and complete list of all Intellectual Property of the
Stockholder Franchises, other than any item that is solely
Intellectual Property pursuant to clause (iv) or (v) of
the definition of such Intellectual Property or Intellectual
Property licensed from Parent.
(b) Each Franchise owns or
possesses adequate licenses or other valid rights to use (in each
case, free and clear of any Liens) all Intellectual Property used
in connection with the business of such Franchise as currently
conducted and as conducted since inception.
(c) Except as set forth in
Section 2.14(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, all employees of
the Franchises, and all contractors involved in the creation or use
of Franchise Intellectual Property, have signed nondisclosure and
invention assignment agreements. The use by each Franchise of any
Intellectual Property owned by any other person is in accordance in
all material respects with any applicable license granted by such
person (or any person authorized by such person) pursuant to which
the Franchise acquired the right to use such Intellectual
Property.
(d) Except as set forth in
Section 2.14(d) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Franchises do
not pay to or receive any royalty from anyone with respect to any
Intellectual Property, nor has a Franchise licensed anyone to use
any of the Franchise Intellectual Property, other than in
connection with the sale of services in the Ordinary Course or
pursuant to a license with Parent.
(e) The Franchises have not
given or received any notice of any pending violation or
infringement of the rights of others with respect to, any
Intellectual Property or with respect to any license of the
Franchise Intellectual Property.
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(f) No Franchise is subject
to any Judgment or settlement which restricts or impairs the use of
any Franchise Intellectual Property. No Franchise Intellectual
Property, and no services sold or contemplated for sale by a
Franchise, violates or infringes upon any Intellectual Property of
any third party.
(g) No Franchise has entered
into any consent, indemnification, forbearance to sue or settlement
agreement with respect to Intellectual Property and no claims have
been asserted by any Person with respect to the validity or
enforceability of, or a Franchise’s ownership of or right to
use, the Franchise Intellectual Property, and to the Seller
Parties’ knowledge there is no basis for any such
claim.
(h) Each item of Franchise
Intellectual Property is valid, has not lapsed and is enforceable.
No application, patent or registration relating to the Franchise
Intellectual Property has lapsed, expired or been abandoned or
canceled or is the subject of cancellation or other adversarial
proceeding of which a Franchise has received notice, and all
pending applications are in good standing and, to the Seller
Parties’ knowledge, not opposed.
(i) The Franchise
Intellectual Property is sufficient in all material respects to
permit the continued lawful conduct of the business of the
Franchises and the Surviving Company in the manner now
conducted.
(j) The Company has treated
and protected all trade secrets, confidential information or
know-how of any Franchise and/or used by any Franchise in its
business in the same manner as it has treated and protected its
most valuable confidential information, including personal
confidential information of the Stockholder.
Section 2.15.
Litigation . Except as set forth in Section 2.15 of the
Disclosure Schedule, there is no Legal Proceeding pending or, to
the Seller Parties’ knowledge, threatened against any
Franchise or any of its Affiliates. There are no Judgments
outstanding against any of the Franchises or any of their
properties or assets, including by or before any Governmental
Entity. There is no claim, demand or investigation pending or, to
the Seller Parties’ knowledge, threatened against any
Franchise, or any Affiliate thereof, or any of their respective
properties or assets, including by or before any Governmental
Entity, which (a) does or would reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Change to the Franchise, or
(b) as of the date hereof, questions the validity of this
Agreement or any action to be taken by Parent, the Merger Subs, the
Company, LeComp or the Stockholder in connection with the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, by the Asset
Sale Agreements or could otherwise prevent or delay the
consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated
by this Agreement or the Asset Sale Agreements.
Section 2.16. Taxes
.
(a) All Tax Returns required
to be filed by any Franchise have been timely filed and all Taxes
owed by any Franchise have been timely paid (whether or not shown
as due on a Tax Return).
(b) All Tax Returns filed by
any Franchise are true, correct and complete. The charges, accruals
and reserves for current Taxes with respect to each Franchise set
forth in Section 2.16(b) of the Disclosure Schedule are
adequate to cover all Tax liabilities payable or anticipated to be
payable in respect of all periods or portions thereof ending on or
before the Most Recent Year End Financials Date and such charges,
accruals and reserves, as adjusted in accordance with the past
custom and practice of the Franchise will be adequate to cover all
Tax liabilities payable or anticipated to be payable in respect of
all periods or portions thereof ending on or before the Closing
Date. All deficiencies resulting from audit examinations of the Tax
Returns of any Franchise or otherwise have been paid in full. No
Liens for Taxes exist against any Franchise.
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(c) No property of a
Franchise is “tax exempt use property” within the
meaning of Section 168(h) of the Code.
(d) Section 2.16(d)(i)
of the Disclosure Schedule (i) lists all federal, state,
local, and foreign income Tax Returns filed with respect to the
Company for tax years ending after December 31, 2003,
(ii) indicates those Tax Returns that have been audited and
(iii) indicates those Tax Returns that currently are the
subject of audit. Section 2.16(d)(ii) of the Disclosure
Schedule (i) lists all federal, state, local, and foreign
income Tax Returns filed with respect to LeComp for tax years
ending after October 31, 2003, (ii) indicates those Tax
Returns that have been audited and (iii) indicates those Tax
Returns that currently are the subject of audit.
Section 2.16(d)(iii) of the Disclosure Schedule (i) lists
all federal, state, local, and foreign income Tax Returns filed
with respect to the Stockholder Franchises for tax years ending
after December 31, 2003, (ii) indicates those Tax Returns
that have been audited and (iii) indicates those Tax Returns
that currently are the subject of audit. There are no actions,
suits, proceedings, audits, investigations or claims now proposed
or pending against a Franchise concerning the Tax liability of such
Franchise. No issue has been raised in any examination by any
Governmental Entity with respect to a Franchise which, by
application of similar principles, reasonably could be expected to
result in a proposed deficiency or increase in Taxes for any other
period not so examined.
(e) There are no outstanding
agreements or waivers extending the statutory period of limitation
applicable to any Tax assessment or deficiency with respect to a
Franchise, and, except as set forth in Section 2.16(e) of the
Disclosure Schedule, no Franchise has requested any extension of
time within which to file any Tax Return, which Tax Return has not
yet been filed.
(f) The Franchises have
withheld and paid all Taxes required by Law to have been withheld
and paid and has complied in all respects with all rules and
regulations relating to the withholding or remittance of Taxes
(including, without limitation, employee-related Taxes).
(g) No Franchise is a party
to any Contract that, individually or collectively, would give rise
to any payment (whether in cash or property) that would not be
deductible pursuant to Sections 162(a)(1), 162(m), or 280G of the
Code.
(h) Except as set forth in
Section 2.16(h) of the Disclosure Schedule, no Franchise will
be required to recognize for income Tax purposes in a taxable year
beginning on or after the Closing Date any amount of income or gain
which it would have been required to recognize under the accrual
method of accounting in a taxable period ending on or before the
close of business on the Closing Date as a result of the
installment method of accounting, the completed contract method of
accounting, the cash method of accounting or a change in method of
accounting.
(i) Since each
Franchise’s formation, such Franchise has not constituted
either a “distributing corporation” or a
“controlled corporation” (within the meaning of
Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution qualifying
for tax-free treatment under Section 355(a) of the
Code.
(j) No Franchise is a real
property holding company within the meaning of Section 897 of
the Code.
(k) Since each
Franchise’s formation, no claim has ever been made by an
authority in a jurisdiction where such Franchise does not file Tax
Returns that such Franchise is or may be subject to Tax in that
jurisdiction.
14
(l) No Franchise is a
party to any Tax allocation, indemnity or sharing Contract. No
Franchise has any liability for Taxes of any Person (i) under
Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6, (ii) as transferee
or successor, (iii) by Contract, or (iv) otherwise. No
Franchise has been a member of an “affiliated group”
(as that term is defined in the Code) filing a consolidated federal
income Tax Return or a California franchise tax return.
(m) No Franchise has
participated in a “reportable transaction” within the
meaning of Section 1.6011-4(b)(1) of the Treasury
Regulations.
(n) Each of the Company
and LeComp has made a valid and effective election to be treated as
an “S” corporation for federal income Tax purposes and
such election has been continuously in effect with respect to all
Tax years of each of the Company and LeComp since such
entity’s inception as a corporation and remains in effect.
There exists no reasonable basis upon which the Internal Revenue
Service would be expected to challenge the status of either of the
Company or LeComp prior to the Closing as an “S”
corporation as that term is defined in Section 1361(a)(1) of
the Code. Except as set forth in Section 2.16(n) of the
Disclosure Schedule, all states in which any Franchise files Tax
Returns based on income recognize such Franchise’s
“S” status or provide for an equivalent status for Tax
purposes.
Section 2.17.
Insurance . The insurance policies owned and maintained by
the Franchises and the coverage amounts thereunder are listed in
Section 2.17 of the Disclosure Schedule. All such policies are
in full force and effect, all premiums due and payable thereon have
been paid. No Franchise is liable for retroactive premiums or
similar payments related thereto and the Franchises are in
compliance with the terms of such policies. There is no claim
pending under any such policy as to which coverage has been
questioned, denied or disputed by the underwriter of such policy.
To the Seller Parties’ knowledge, there has been no notice of
cancellation or termination (or any other threatened termination)
of, or premium increase with respect to, any such policy. Each such
policy will continue to be enforceable and in full force and effect
immediately following the Effective Time in accordance with the
terms thereof as in effect as of the date hereof.
Section 2.18. Benefit
Plans .
(a) Section 2.18(a) of
the Disclosure Schedule contains a list and brief description of
all Benefit Plans. Except as set forth on Section 2.18(a) of
the Disclosure Schedule, no Franchise has established or maintained
and has not been and is not obligated to make any contribution to
or under or otherwise participate in any Benefit Plan, nor has any
Franchise committed or proposed to do so. All Benefit Plans have
been established, maintained and sponsored by the applicable
Franchise, which has been and is solely responsible for making all
employer contributions required to be made to or under any Benefit
Plans, if and to the extent any employer contributions are required
to be made. No Franchise has any unfunded obligation with respect
to any Benefit Plan that has not been accrued.
(b) Each Benefit Plan has
been operated and administered in accordance with its terms and
applicable Law in all material respects (including but not limited
to Laws specifically mentioned in this Section 2.18). All of
the Benefit Plans are in compliance in all material respects with
the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code, and other applicable
Laws. All reports, returns and similar documents with respect to
the Benefit Plans required to be filed with any Governmental Entity
or distributed to any Benefit Plan participant, beneficiary, or
alternate payee have been duly and timely filed or distributed.
There are no lawsuits, actions, termination proceedings or other
proceedings pending, or, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge,
threatened against or involving any Benefit Plan that, if adversely
determined would reasonably be anticipated to result in any
liability or obligation on the part of a Franchise and there are no
investigations by any Governmental Entity or other claims (except
claims for
15
benefits payable in the normal operation
of the Benefit Plans) pending or, to the Seller Parties’
knowledge, threatened against or involving any Benefit Plan or
asserting any rights to benefits under any Benefit Plan for which a
Franchise would reasonably be anticipated to be liable. To the
Seller Parties’ knowledge, there are no unasserted claims
that, if pending or threatened, would be of the type described in
this Section 2.18(b) for which it would be reasonably
anticipated that a Franchise would have liability. No Franchise has
any liability to the IRS with respect to any Benefit Plan,
including any liability imposed under Chapter 43 of the
Code.
(c) No transaction prohibited
by Section 406 of ERISA and no “prohibited
transaction” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code)
has occurred with respect to any Benefit Plan (without regard to
whether an exemption is available). No Benefit Plan which is also a
Pension Plan has been terminated and there have been no
“reportable events” (as defined in Section 4043 of
ERISA) with respect thereto. No Benefit Plan which is also a
Pension Plan is a multiemployer plan (as defined in
Section 3(37) of ERISA) or subject to Title IV of
ERISA.
(d) No Franchise has offered
to provide health or life insurance coverage to any individual, or
to the family members of any individual, for any period extending
beyond the termination of the individual’s employment by the
Franchise, except to the extent required by the health care
continuation provisions of ERISA and the Code or similar state
benefit continuation Laws. Each Benefit Plan that is a group health
plan, as such term is defined in Section 5000(b)(1) of the
Code, complies in all respects with Sections 601 et seq. and 701 et
seq. of ERISA and Section 4980B and Subtitle K of the
Code.
(e) Each Benefit Plan
(including any such plan covering retirees or other former
employees) may be discontinued or terminated without liability on
the part of any Franchise, before, on or at any time after the
Effective Time.
(f) Except as set forth in
Section 2.18(f) of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, nor the consummation of
the Merger or the other transactions contemplated hereby or by the
Asset Sale Agreements will result in the payment, vesting, or
acceleration of any bonus, stock option or other equity-based
award, retirement, severance, job security or similar benefit or
any enhanced benefit to any Person.
Section 2.19. Employee and
Labor Matters .
(a) There is not, and since
the Franchises’ formation there has not been, any labor
strike, dispute, work stoppage, slowdown or lockout pending, nor,
to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, has any such event been
threatened, against any Franchise. No Franchise is a party to any
collective bargaining or other labor Contracts with respect to any
Personnel and, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, no union
organizational campaign or petition for certification is in
progress with respect to the Personnel and no question concerning
representation exists respecting such Personnel. No Franchise has
any duty to bargain with any union or labor organization or other
person purporting to act as the exclusive bargaining representative
of any Personnel. Each of the Franchises is not engaged in and has
not engaged in or committed any unfair labor practice, and there is
no unfair labor practice charge or complaint against any Franchise
pending, or, to the knowledge of the Seller Parties, threatened,
before the National Labor Relations Board. There are no, and within
the last three (3) years there have been no, formal or
informal union grievances pending, or, to the Seller Parties’
knowledge, threatened, against any Franchise. There are no, and
within the last three (3) years there have been no, pending
or, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, threatened, formal or
informal grievances, complaints, lawsuits, actions or charges
against any Franchise or any current or former Personnel with
respect to labor or employment matters (including, but not limited
to, involving allegations of employment discrimination,
retaliation, harassment, or wage and hour
16
violations) in or before any judicial,
regulatory or administrative forum, before the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission or any other Governmental Entity responsible
for the investigation, remediation, or prevention of unlawful,
unfair or discriminatory employment practices or the enforcement of
any labor or employment Laws, under any private dispute resolution
procedure or internally. Since each Franchise’s formation, it
has not received notice of the intent of any Governmental Entity
responsible for the enforcement of any labor or employment Laws to
conduct an investigation of the Franchise or of any of their
respective labor or employment related policies, practices or
procedures or any of the terms and conditions of employment
therewith and, to the knowledge of the Seller Parties, no such
investigation is in progress, imminent or threatened. Each of the
Franchises is not, and within the last three (3) years has not
been, subject to any Judgment or injunction by any Governmental
Authority or private settlement contract in respect of any labor or
employment matters.
(b) Except as set forth in
Section 2.19(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Franchises
have complied with all applicable Laws relating to or governing
labor and employment, including, without limitation, all applicable
Laws relating to fair employment practices, work place safety and
health, mass layoffs and plant closings, terms and conditions of
employment, wages and hours, payment of minimum wages and overtime
rates, the classification of employees as exempt or non-exempt for
wage and hour purposes, the withholding and payment of Taxes from
compensation of employees and the payment of premiums and/or
benefits under applicable worker compensation Laws, unemployment
insurance, employment related record keeping, the classification
and treatment of workers as employees or independent contractors,
and immigration.
(c) No officer or director of
any Franchise is, and, to the Seller Parties’ knowledge, no
other employee or Contingent Worker (as hereinafter defined) of any
Franchise is, a party to or bound by any Contract, license,
covenant or Contract of any nature, or subject to any Judgment of
any Governmental Entity, that may interfere with the use of such
Person’s efforts to promote the interests of such Franchise,
conflict with the business of such Franchise, or the Merger and the
other transactions contemplated hereby or the transactions
contemplated by the Asset Sale Agreements, or that could reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change to any
Franchise. To the Seller Parties’ knowledge, no activity of
any employee or Contingent Worker of a Franchise as or while an
employee or Contingent Worker of such Franchise has caused a
violation of any employment or consulting Contract, confidentiality
agreement, patent disclosure agreement, or other Contract. To the
Seller Parties’ knowledge, neither the execution and delivery
of this Agreement, nor the conduct of the business of the
Franchises by the Personnel, will conflict with or result in a
breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a
default (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under, or
give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation or to a loss of a material benefit
under, or give rise to any increased, additional, accelerated or
guaranteed rights or entitlements under any covenant or instrument
under which any such employees are now employed.
(d) The Seller Parties have
heretofore provided to Parent, and attached hereto in
Section 2.19(d)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule is, a true and
complete list of the names, positions and rates of compensation of
all directors, officers, employees and Contingent Workers of the
Franchises, as of the date hereof, showing or describing (as
applicable) for each such person’s name, position(s), whether
classified as exempt or non-exempt for wage and hour purposes, date
of hire, business location, annual remuneration, whether paid on a
salary, hourly or commission basis and the actual rates of
compensation, average scheduled hours per week, bonuses (and bonus
potential) and fringe benefits for the current fiscal year and the
most recently completed fiscal year, status (i.e., active or
inactive and, if inactive, the type of leave and estimated duration
and return to work date), and total amount of bonus, severance or
other amounts to be paid to such employee or Contingent Workers at
or as a result of the Closing of, or otherwise in connection with,
the transactions contemplated hereby. Section 2.19(d)(ii) of
the Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of
all of the independent contractors, consultants,
17
temporary employees, leased employees or
other servants or agents employed or used with respect to the
operation of the business of any Franchise and classified by such
Franchise as other than employees or compensated other than through
wages paid by the Franchise through its or their payroll department
and reported on a form W-4 (“ Contingent Workers
”), showing for each Contingent Worker such
individual’s role in the business, fee or compensation
arrangement and other material contractual terms with the
Franchise. Except as set forth in Section 2.19(d)(iii) of the
Disclosure Schedule, (i) all employees are employed on an
“at-will” basis and their employment can be terminated
at any time for any reason without any amounts being owed to such
individual other than with respect to wages accrued before the
termination, (ii) all Contingent Workers can be terminated at
any time for any reason without any amounts being owed to such
individual other than with respect to compensation or payments
accrued before the termination and (iii) no employee is on
disability or other leave of absence. Each of the Franchises has
complied, in all material respects, with all immigration and
naturalization Laws governing the employment of personnel by U.S.
companies and the employment of non-U.S. nationals in the United
States, including the Immigration and Nationality Act 8 U.S.C.
Sections 1101 et seq. and its implementing regulations, the
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, as amended, and all
rules and regulations of the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration
Services of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (previously
the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service). Except as set
forth in Section 2.19(d)(iv) of the Disclosure Schedule, no
Franchise has sponsored any employee for, or otherwise engaged any
employee working pursuant to, a non-immigrant visa.
(e) To the extent that any
Contingent Workers are employed, used or engaged by a Franchise,
such Franchise has properly classified and treated them in
accordance with applicable Laws and for purposes of all employee
benefit plans and perquisites.
(f) No Franchise is subject
to any affirmative action obligations under a
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