Exhibit 2.3
EXECUTION COPY
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION
BY
AND AMONG
OMNITURE, INC.,
VOYAGER ACQUISITION CORP
AND
VISUAL SCIENCES, INC.
Dated as of October 25, 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ARTICLE I THE
MERGER
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1.1 The
Merger
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1.2 Effective
Time; Closing
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1.3 Effect of the
Merger
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1.4 Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws
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1.5 Directors and
Officers
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1.6 Effect on
Capital Stock
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1.7 Surrender of
Certificates
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1.8 No Further
Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock
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1.9 Lost, Stolen
or Destroyed Certificates
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1.10 Tax
Consequences
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1.11 Further
Action
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1.12
Dissenter’s Rights
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ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
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2.1 Organization;
Standing and Power; Charter Documents; Subsidiaries
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2.2 Capital
Structure
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2.3 Authority;
Non-Contravention; Necessary Consents
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2.4 SEC Filings;
Financial Statements; Internal Controls
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2.5 Absence of
Certain Changes or Events
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2.6 Taxes
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2.7 Intellectual
Property
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2.8 Compliance;
Permits
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2.9
Litigation
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2.10
Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees
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2.11 Transactions
with Affiliates
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2.12 Employee
Benefit Plans
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2.13 Title to
Properties
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2.14 Environmental
Matters
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2.15
Contracts
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2.16
Disclosure
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2.17 Board
Approval
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2.18 Fairness
Opinion
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2.19
Insurance
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2.20 Substantial
Customers
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2.21 Export
Control Laws
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2.22 Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act
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2.23 Takeover
Statutes
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-i-
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ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
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3.1 Organization;
Standing and Power; Charter Documents; Significant
Subsidiaries
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3.2 Capital
Structure
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3.3 Authority;
Non-Contravention; Necessary Consents
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3.4 SEC Filings;
Financial Statements; Internal Controls
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3.5 Absence of
Certain Changes or Events
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3.6
Compliance
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3.7
Litigation
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3.8
Disclosure
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3.9 Board
Approval
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3.10 Fairness
Opinion
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3.11
Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees
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3.12 Company
Stock
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ARTICLE IV CONDUCT
BY THE COMPANY PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE TIME
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4.1 Conduct of
Business by the Company
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4.2 Conduct of
Business by Parent
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ARTICLE V
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
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5.1
Prospectus/Joint Proxy Statement; Registration Statement
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5.2 Meeting of
Company and Parent Stockholders; Board Recommendation
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5.3 Acquisition
Proposals
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5.4
Confidentiality; Access to Information; No Modification of
Representations, Warranties or Covenants
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5.5 Public
Disclosure
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5.6 Regulatory
Filings; Reasonable Efforts
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5.7 Notification
of Certain Matters
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5.8 Third-Party
Consents
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5.9 Equity Awards
and Employee Benefits
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5.10
Form S-8
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5.11
Indemnification
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5.12 Nasdaq
Listing
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5.13 Company
Affiliates; Restrictive Legend
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5.14 Treatment as
Reorganization
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5.15
Section 16 Matters
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5.16 Merger Sub
Compliance
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ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
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6.1 Conditions to
the Obligations of Each Party to Effect the Merger
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6.2 Additional
Conditions to the Obligations of the Company
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6.3 Additional
Conditions to the Obligations of Parent
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-ii-
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ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
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7.1
Termination
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7.2 Notice of
Termination; Effect of Termination
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7.3 Fees and
Expenses
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7.4
Amendment
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7.5 Extension;
Waiver
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ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
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8.1 Non-Survival
of Representations and Warranties
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8.2 Notices
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8.3
Interpretation; Knowledge
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8.4
Counterparts
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8.5 Entire
Agreement; Third-Party Beneficiaries
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8.6
Severability
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8.7 Other
Remedies; Specific Performance
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8.8 Governing
Law
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8.9
Jurisdiction
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8.10 Rules of
Construction
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8.11
Assignment
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8.12 Waiver of
Jury Trial
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-iii-
TABLE OF DEFINED TERMS
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Term |
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Section |
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Acquisition
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7.3(b)(iii) |
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Acquisition
Proposal
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5.3(g)(i) |
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Affiliate
Letter
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5.13 |
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Agreement
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Introduction |
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Antitrust
Clearance Date
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7.1(b) |
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Appraisal
Rights
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1.12 |
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Board
Recommendations
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5.2(b) |
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Book-Entry
Shares
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1.7(c) |
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Burdensome
Condition
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5.6(c) |
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Certificate of
Merger
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1.2 |
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Certificates
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1.7(c) |
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Change of
Recommendation
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5.3(d)(ii) |
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Closing
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1.2 |
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Closing Date
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1.2 |
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COBRA
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2.12(b) |
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Code
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Recitals |
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Company
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Introduction |
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Company
Affiliate
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5.13 |
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Company Balance
Sheet
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2.4(b) |
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Company Board
Recommendation
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5.2(b) |
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Company Charter
Documents
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2.1(b) |
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Company Common
Stock
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1.6(a) |
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Company Disclosure
Letter
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Article II |
-iv-
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Term |
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Section |
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Company
Employees
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5.9(c) |
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Company Employee
Plan
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2.12(a) |
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Company
Financials
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2.4(b) |
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Company
Intellectual Property
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2.7(a)(ii) |
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Company Owned
Intellectual Property
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2.7(a)(vi) |
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Company Material
Adverse Effect
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8.3(c) |
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Company
Options
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2.2(b)(i) |
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Company
Permits
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2.8(b) |
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Company Preferred
Stock
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2.2(a)(i) |
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Company
Products
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2.7(c) |
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Company Registered
Intellectual Property
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2.7(a)(v) |
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Company Restricted
Stock
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1.6(b) |
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Company SEC
Reports
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2.4(a) |
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Company Stock Plan
or Company Stock Plans
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1.6(e) |
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Company
Stockholders’ Meeting
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2.16 |
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Company
Termination Fee
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7.3(b)(i)(1) |
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Confidentiality
Agreement
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5.4(a) |
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Contaminants
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2.7(r) |
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Continuing
Employees
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5.9(c) |
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Contract
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2.2(a)(ii) |
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Controlled Group
Affiliate
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2.12(e) |
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D&O
Insurance
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5.11(b) |
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Delaware Law
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Recitals |
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Dissenting
Shares
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1.12 |
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Distributed
Company Product
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2.7(p) |
-v-
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Term |
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Section |
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Domain Names
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2.7(a)(i) |
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Effect
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8.3(c) |
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Effective
Time
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1.2 |
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Employee
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2.12(a) |
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Employee
Agreement
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2.12(a) |
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End Date
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7.1(b) |
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Environmental
Laws
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2.14(b) |
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ERISA
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2.12(c)(i) |
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Exchange Act
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2.3(d) |
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Exchange
Agent
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1.7(a) |
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Exchange
Fund
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1.7(b) |
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Exempt
Representations
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1.1(c) |
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Export
Approvals
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2.21(b) |
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FCPA
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2.22 |
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GAAP
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2.4(b) |
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Goldman
Agreement
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2.10 |
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Goldman Fairness
Opinion
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2.18 |
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Governmental
Entity
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2.3(d) |
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Hazardous
Materials
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2.14(b) |
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HSR Act
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2.3(d) |
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Indemnified
Parties
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5.11(a) |
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Initial End
Date
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7.1(b) |
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Intellectual
Property
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2.7(a)(i) |
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International
Employee Plan
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2.12(g) |
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Knowledge
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8.3(b) |
-vi-
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Term |
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Section |
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Leased Real
Property
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2.13(a) |
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Leases
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2.13(a) |
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Legal
Requirements
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2.2(d)(ii) |
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Liens
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2.1(d) |
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Merger
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1.1(a) |
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Merger
Consideration
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1.6(a) |
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Merger Sub
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Introduction |
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Merger Sub Common
Stock
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1.6(d) |
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Nasdaq
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1.6(g) |
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Open Source
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2.7(p) |
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Option Exchange
Ratio
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5.9(a)(i) |
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Parent
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Introduction |
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Parent Balance
Sheet
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3.4(b) |
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Parent Board
Recommendation
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5.2(b) |
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Parent Charter
Documents
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3.1(b) |
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Parent Common
Stock
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Recitals |
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Parent Disclosure
Letter
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Article III |
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Parent
Financials
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3.4(b) |
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Parent Material
Adverse Effect
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8.3(d) |
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Parent
Options
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3.2(b)(i) |
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Parent Preferred
Stock
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3.2(a)(i) |
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Parent SEC
Reports
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3.4(a) |
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Parent
Stockholders Meeting
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2.16 |
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Parent Stock
Plans
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3.2(b)(i) |
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Party or
Parties
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Introduction |
-vii-
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Term |
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Section |
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Permits
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2.8(b) |
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Permitted Parent
Action
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5.2(b) |
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Person
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8.3(e) |
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Per Share Cash
Amount
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1.6(a) |
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Per Share Stock
Amount
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1.6(a) |
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Prospectus/Joint
Proxy Statement
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2.16 |
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PTO
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2.7(b) |
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Registered
Intellectual Property
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2.7(a)(iii) |
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Registration
Statement
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2.16 |
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Required Company
Stockholders
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2.3(a) |
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Routine
Grants
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4.1(b)(iv) |
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Required Parent
Stockholders
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3.3(a) |
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Sarbanes-Oxley
Act
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2.4(c) |
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SEC
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2.3(d) |
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Second
Merger
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1.1(b) |
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Section 409A
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2.12(i) |
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Securities
Act
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2.4(a) |
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Share
Issuance
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Recitals |
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Software
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2.7(a)(iv) |
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Standard
Terms
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4.1(b)(iv) |
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Stockholders’ Meeting
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5.2(a) |
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Subsidiary
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2.1(a) |
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Subsidiary Charter
Documents
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2.1(b) |
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Substantial
Customer Contracts
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2.20(b) |
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Superior
Offer
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5.3(g)(ii) |
-viii-
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Term |
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Section |
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Supplement
Letter
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1.1(c) |
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Surviving
Corporation
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1.1(a) |
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SVB Facility
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4.1(b)(xxii) |
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Tax or Taxes
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2.6(a) |
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Tax
Incentive
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2.6(b)(xii) |
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Tax Opinions
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5.14 |
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Tax Return
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2.6(a) |
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Terminating
Employee Plans
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5.9(b) |
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Triggering
Event
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7.1(h) |
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URLs
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2.7(a)(i) |
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Voting
Agreements
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Recitals |
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Voting Debt
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2.2(c) |
-ix-
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
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Exhibits A-1 and
A-2
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Voting Agreement |
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Exhibit B-1 and
B-2
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Tax Representation Letters |
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Exhibit C
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Certificate of Incorporation |
-x-
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
REORGANIZATION (this “Agreement” ) is made and
entered into as of October 25, 2007, by and among Omniture,
Inc., a Delaware corporation ( “Parent” ),
Voyager Acquisition Corp, a Delaware corporation and direct
wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ( “Merger Sub”
), and Visual Sciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
“Company” ). Hereafter, Parent, Merger Sub and
Company shall be referred to individually as a
“Party” and collectively as the
“Parties.”
RECITALS
A. The respective Boards of
Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have deemed it
advisable and in the best interests of their respective
corporations and stockholders that Parent and the Company
consummate the business combination and other transactions provided
for herein in order to advance their respective long-term strategic
business interests.
B. The respective Boards of
Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have approved, in
accordance with applicable provisions of the laws of the state of
Delaware ( “Delaware Law” ), this Agreement and
the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger.
C. Concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to
Parent’s and the Company’s willingness to enter into
this Agreement, certain stockholders of Parent and the Company are
entering into a Voting Agreement and irrevocable proxy in
substantially the forms attached hereto as Exhibits A-1 and
A-2, respectively (the “Voting
Agreements”) .
D. The Board of Directors of the
Company has resolved to recommend to its stockholders the adoption
of this Agreement.
E. The Board of Directors of
Parent has resolved to recommend to its stockholders the approval
of the issuance of shares of Common Stock of the Parent, par value
$0.001 per share (the “Parent Common Stock” )
pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (the “Share
Issuance” ).
F. Parent, as the sole
stockholder of Merger Sub, has adopted this Agreement.
G. Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company desire to make certain representations, warranties and
agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe
certain conditions to the Merger.
H. For United States federal
income tax purposes, the parties intend that the Merger qualify as
a reorganization under the provisions of Section 368(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“Code” ), and the parties intend, by executing
this Agreement, to adopt a plan of reorganization within the
meaning of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.368-2(g) and
1.368-3(a).
-1-
NOW, THEREFORE , in
consideration of the covenants, promises and representations set
forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the
parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1 The Merger .
(a) At
the Effective Time and subject to and upon the terms and conditions
of this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law,
Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (the
“Merger” ), the separate corporate existence of
Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall continue as the
surviving corporation. The Company, as the surviving corporation
after the Merger, is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the
“Surviving Corporation.”
(b)
Alternative Structure . If following the date of this
Agreement all of the conditions set forth in Article VI
have been satisfied or waived (except that the tax representation
letters in the forms as set forth in Exhibit B-1 and
called for in Section 5.14 cannot be delivered and the
condition set forth in Section 6.1(e) has not been
waived), but the Closing could occur if the tax representation
letters in the forms set forth in Exhibit B-2 could be
executed and delivered (assuming Parent alters the structure as
hereafter provided in this Section 1.1(b)) , Parent
shall alter the structure of the business combination between
Merger Sub and the Company contemplated by this Agreement, , by
consummating a second-step merger of the Surviving Corporation into
a limited liability company wholly-owned by Parent that is
disregarded as an entity for federal tax purposes, in accordance
with Delaware Law, immediately following the Merger (such
second-step merger, the “Second Merger” );
provided , however , that (i) such wholly-owned
disregarded limited liability company shall become a party to, and
shall become bound by, the terms of this Agreement and
(ii) the tax representation letters in the forms set forth in
Exhibit B-2 shall be executed and delivered, and
(iii) any action taken pursuant to this
Section 1.1(b) shall not (unless consented to in
writing by the Company prior to the Closing) (x) alter or
change the kind or amount of consideration to be issued to the
holders of the Company’s capital stock or other securities as
provided for in this Agreement or (y) otherwise cause any
closing condition set forth in Article VI not to be
capable of being satisfied (unless duly waived by the party
entitled to the benefits thereof). If such second-step merger
occurs, references to the Merger in Recital I,
Section 1.10, Section 2.6(b)(xiii),
Section 4.1(b)(xviii), Section 5.14 and
Section 6.1(e) shall be to the Merger and the second-step
merger described in this Section 1.1(b), taken together as one
integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
(c) Except
as provided in the following sentence, the representations and
warranties in this Agreement shall be made as if the Second Merger
will occur as part of the transactions contemplated hereby (it
being understood that references in this Agreement to the
“transactions contemplated hereby” and similar
references shall include the Second Merger). The representations
and warranties in (x) clause (iii) of the first sentence
of Section 2.3(b) , (y) the last sentence of
Section 2.3(b) and (z)
Section 2.7(j)(ii) (such representations, collectively,
the “Exempt Representations” ) shall be made
without regard to whether the Second Merger shall occur;
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provided , however , that if the structure of the
business combination is altered to include the Second Merger
pursuant to Section 1.1(b) , the Company shall promptly
(and in any event at least three (3) Business Days prior to
the Closing) prepare and deliver to Parent a supplement to the
Company Disclosure Letter which shall reflect the disclosure with
respect to the Exempt Representations as if such representations
and warranties had been made as to the Second Merger (the
“Supplement Letter” ) and the disclosure set
forth in the Supplement Letter shall qualify the applicable Exempt
Representations to the extent such disclosure becomes applicable
solely as a result of the Second Merger.
1.2 Effective Time; Closing .
Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the parties hereto
shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing a Certificate of
Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in
accordance with the relevant provisions of Delaware Law (the
“Certificate of Merger” ) (the time of such
filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (or
such later time as may be agreed in writing by the Company and
Parent and specified in the Certificate of Merger) being the
“Effective Time” ) as soon as practicable on the
Closing Date. The closing of the Merger (the
“Closing” ) shall take place at the offices of
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation,
located at One Market, Spear Tower, Suite 3300, San Francisco,
California, at a time and date to be specified by the parties,
which shall be no later than the second business day after the
satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article VI (other than those that by their terms are to
be satisfied or waived at the Closing), or at such other time, date
and location as the parties hereto agree in writing;
provided , however , that if all the conditions set
forth in Article VI shall not have been satisfied or
waived on such second business day, then the Closing shall take
place on the first business day on which all such conditions shall
have been satisfied or waived. The date on which the Closing occurs
is referred to herein as the “Closing
Date.”
1.3 Effect of the Merger . At
the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall be as provided
in this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law,
including Section 259 of the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time all the
property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company
and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all
debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall
become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
1.4 Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws . At the Effective Time, the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company shall be amended and restated to read
in its entirety in substantially the form attached hereto as
Exhibit C , until thereafter amended in accordance with
Delaware Law and as provided in such Certificate of Incorporation.
At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of the Company shall be amended
and restated in their entirety to be identical to the Bylaws of
Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time,
until thereafter amended in accordance with Delaware Law and as
provided in such Bylaws.
1.5 Directors and Officers .
The initial directors of the Surviving Corporation shall be the
directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time,
until their respective successors are
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duly
elected or appointed and qualified. The initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation shall be the officers of Merger Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time, until their respective
successors are duly appointed.
1.6 Effect on Capital Stock .
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the
Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on
the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of any
shares of capital stock of the following securities, the following
shall occur:
(a)
Company Common Stock . Each share of the Common Stock, par
value $0.001 per share, of the Company ( “Company Common
Stock” ) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than any shares of Company Common Stock to be
canceled pursuant to Section 1.6(c) and other than
Dissenting Shares (as defined below)), will be canceled and
extinguished and automatically converted (subject to
Section 1.6(g) ) into the right to receive
(x) 0.49 of a validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
share of Parent Common Stock (the “Per Share Stock
Amount” ) and (y) $2.39 in cash, without interest (the
“Per Share Cash Amount” and together with the
Per Share Stock Amount, the “Merger
Consideration” ) upon surrender of the certificate
representing such share of Company Common Stock in the manner
provided in Section 1.7 (or in the case of a lost,
stolen or destroyed certificate, upon delivery of an affidavit and
bond, if required, in the manner provided in
Section 1.9).
(b)
Repurchase Rights . If any shares of Company Common Stock
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time are unvested or
are subject to a repurchase option, risk of forfeiture or other
condition under any applicable restricted stock purchase agreement
or other agreement with the Company (such shares of stock, the
“Company Restricted Stock” ) that does not by
its terms in effect on the date hereof and disclosed on
Section 2.12(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter (or by
the terms of another agreement with the Company in effect as of the
date hereof and disclosed on Section 2.12(a) of the
Company Disclosure Letter) provide that such repurchase option,
risk of forfeiture or other condition lapses upon consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby, then (x) the shares of
Parent Common Stock issued in exchange for such shares of Company
Restricted Stock will also be unvested and subject to the same
repurchase option, risk of forfeiture or other condition, and the
certificates representing such shares of Parent Common Stock may
accordingly be marked with appropriate legends until such time as
such repurchase option, risk of forfeiture or other condition
expires or is otherwise extinguished, at which time Parent shall
cause such legends to be removed and (y) the cash portion of
the Merger Consideration payable with respect to such shares of
Company Restricted Stock pursuant to the provisions of
Section 1.6(a) shall be withheld and retained by Parent
and shall be subject to the same repurchase option, risk of
forfeiture or other condition. Parent shall hold the cash portion
of the Merger Consideration so withheld until such repurchase
option, risk of forfeiture or other condition expires or is
otherwise extinguished at which time such portion of the Merger
Consideration will be distributed to such former holder of shares
of Company Restricted Stock; provided , however ,
such cash shall be permanently retained by Parent upon forfeiture
by the holder of such shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the
terms that governed such Company Restricted Stock prior to the
Effective Time. Upon consummation of the Merger, (A) the
Merger Consideration issued in exchange for any
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shares
of Company Restricted Stock will, without any further act of
Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or any other Person, become subject
to the restrictions, conditions and other provisions contained in
the Contract providing for the rights of repurchase, forfeiture or
other condition applicable to such Company Restricted Stock as set
forth in this Section 1.6(b) , and (B) Parent will
automatically succeed to and become entitled to exercise the
Company’s rights and remedies under any such Contract without
modification, except as set forth in this
Section 1.6(b). The Company shall use reasonable
efforts to ensure that, from and after the Effective Time, the
Surviving Corporation is entitled to exercise any such repurchase
option or other right set forth in any such restricted stock
purchase agreement or other agreement.
(c)
Cancellation of Treasury and Parent Owned Stock . Each share
of Company Common Stock held by Company or Parent or any direct or
indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company or of Parent
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled and
extinguished without any conversion thereof.
(d)
Capital Stock of Merger Sub . Each share of common stock,
par value $0.001, of Merger Sub (the “Merger Sub Common
Stock” ) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be converted into one validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.001 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation. Each certificate evidencing
ownership of shares of Merger Sub Common Stock shall evidence
ownership of such shares of capital stock of the Surviving
Corporation.
(e)
Stock Options . At the Effective Time, all Company Options
outstanding under the Company’s 2006 Employment Commencement
Equity Incentive Award Plan, 2004 Equity Incentive Award Plan,
Amended and Restated 2000 Equity Incentive Plan, Avivo Corporation
1999 Equity Incentive Plan and any other compensatory option plans
or Contracts of the Company, including option plans or Contracts
assumed by the Company pursuant to a merger, acquisition or other
similar transaction (each, a “Company Stock
Plan” and collectively, the “Company Stock
Plans” ) shall be assumed by Parent in accordance with
Section 5.9(a).
(f)
Warrants . Subject to the consummation of the Merger, the
Company shall cause, effective as of immediately prior to the
Effective Time, any and all warrants to acquire shares of the
capital stock of the Company to be cancelled or terminated and of
no further force or effect, such that each holder of any such
warrant shall cease to have any rights in respect thereof.
(g)
Fractional Shares . No fraction of a share of Parent Common
Stock will be issued by virtue of the Merger, but in lieu thereof
each holder of record of shares of Company Common Stock who would
otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of Parent
Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent
Common Stock that otherwise would be received by such holder of
record) shall, upon surrender of such holder’s
Certificate(s), receive from Parent an amount of cash (rounded to
the nearest whole cent), without interest, equal to the product of
(i) such fraction, multiplied by (ii) the average closing
sale price of one share of Parent Common Stock for the ten
(10) most recent trading days that Parent Common Stock has
traded ending on the last trading day immediately prior to the
Closing Date, as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market’s Global
Market ( “Nasdaq” ). As promptly as practicable
after the determination of the amount of
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cash, if
any, to be paid to holders of fractional share interests, the
Exchange Agent shall so notify Parent and Parent shall, or shall
cause the Surviving Corporation to, deposit such amount with the
Exchange Agent and shall cause the Exchange Agent to forward
payments to such holders of fractional share interests subject to
and in accordance with the terms hereof.
(h)
Adjustments to Per Share Stock Amount . The Per Share Stock
Amount shall be adjusted to reflect fully the appropriate effect of
any stock split, reverse stock split, subdivision, stock dividend
(including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible
into Parent Common Stock or Company Common Stock), reorganization,
recapitalization, reclassification, combination or exchange of
shares or other like change with respect to Parent Common Stock
(including any amendment to Parent’s Certificate of
Incorporation that disproportionately effects the Parent Common
Stock to be delivered to the Company’s stockholders pursuant
to Section 1.6(a) in comparison to the effect such
amendment has on the Parent Common Stock outstanding immediately
prior to such amendment) or Company Common Stock having a record
date on or after the date hereof and prior to the Effective
Time.
1.7 Surrender of Certificates
.
(a)
Exchange Agent . Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall
select an institution reasonably satisfactory to the Company to act
as the exchange agent (the “Exchange Agent” ) in
the Merger. The Company acknowledges that American Stock Transfer
and Trust Company is reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
(b)
Parent to Provide Common Stock and Cash . Prior to the
Effective Time, Parent shall enter into an agreement with the
Exchange Agent which shall provide that Parent shall make available
to the Exchange Agent for exchange in accordance with this
Article I, the Merger Consideration payable pursuant to
Section 1.6(a) in exchange for outstanding shares of
Company Common Stock. In addition, Parent shall make available as
necessary from time to time after the Effective Time as needed,
additional cash in an amount sufficient for payment in lieu of
fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and any
dividends or distributions which holders of shares of Company
Common Stock may be entitled pursuant to Section 1.7(d)
. Any cash and Parent Common Stock deposited with the Exchange
Agent shall hereinafter be referred to as the “Exchange
Fund.”
(c)
Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time,
Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of
record (as of the Effective Time) of a certificate or certificates
(the “Certificates” ) which immediately prior to
the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock or non-certificated shares of Company Common Stock
represented by book-entry ( “Book-Entry Shares”
) whose shares were converted into the right to receive the Merger
Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6(a) , cash in lieu
of any fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g )
and any dividends or other distributions pursuant to
Section 1.7(d): (i) a letter of transmittal (which
shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and
title to the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares shall pass, only
upon delivery of the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares to the
Exchange Agent and shall be in customary form and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares in exchange for
certificates
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representing whole shares of Parent Common Stock and the cash
constituting the Merger Consideration, cash in lieu of any
fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and any
dividends or other distributions pursuant to
Section 1.7(d) . Upon surrender of Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares for cancellation to the Exchange Agent, together
with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly
executed in accordance with the instructions thereto and such other
documents as may reasonably be required by the Exchange Agent, the
holder of record of such Certificates or Book-Entry Shares shall be
entitled to receive in exchange therefor the number of whole shares
of Parent Common Stock (after taking into account all Certificates
and Book-Entry Shares surrendered by such holder of record) to
which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 1.6(a)
(which, at the election of Parent, may be in uncertificated book
entry form unless a physical certificate is requested by the holder
of record or is otherwise required by applicable Legal Requirements
or regulation), the portion of the cash constituting the Merger
Consideration to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 1.6(a) , the payment in lieu of fractional
shares which such holder has the right to receive pursuant to
Section 1.6(g) and any dividends or distributions
payable pursuant to Section 1.7(d) , and the
Certificates and Book-Entry Shares so surrendered shall forthwith
be canceled. In the event of a transfer of ownership of shares of
Company Common Stock which is not registered in the transfer
records of the Company, the Merger Consideration to which such
holder is entitled pursuant to Section 1.6(a) , the
payment in lieu of fractional shares which such holder has the
right to receive pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and any
dividends or distributions payable pursuant to
Section 1.7(d) , may be paid to a transferee if the
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares representing such shares of
Company Common Stock are presented and surrendered to the Exchange
Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect
such transfer, such other documents and guarantees as may be
required by the Exchange Agent and by evidence that any applicable
stock transfer taxes have been paid, and any such Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares so presented and surrendered shall be forthwith
canceled. Until so surrendered, outstanding Certificates and
Book-Entry Shares will be deemed from and after the Effective Time,
for all corporate purposes, to evidence (i) the ownership of
the number of full shares of Parent Common Stock into which such
shares of Company Common Stock shall have been so converted
pursuant to Section 1.6(a) , (ii) the right to
receive the cash portion of the Merger Consideration payable for
such shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to
Section 1.6(a) , (iii) the right to receive an
amount in cash in lieu of the issuance of any fractional shares in
accordance with Section 1.6(g) and (iv) any
dividends or distributions payable pursuant to
Section 1.7(d) .
(d)
Distributions With Respect to Unexchanged Shares . No
dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common
Stock with a record date after the Effective Time and no payment in
lieu of fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g)
will be paid to the holders of any unsurrendered Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares with respect to the shares of Parent Common Stock
represented thereby until the holders of such Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares shall surrender such Certificates or Book-Entry
Shares in the manner provided in this Section 1.7 .
Subject to applicable Legal Requirements, following surrender of
any such Certificates or Book-Entry Shares in the manner provided
in this Section 1.7 , the Exchange Agent shall deliver
to the holders thereof, without interest (i) promptly after
such surrender, the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock
issued in exchange therefor, pursuant to Section 1.6(a)
and the cash constituting the Merger Consideration payable in
exchange therefor pursuant to Section 1.6(a) along with
payment in lieu of
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fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and the
amount of any such dividends or other distributions with a record
date after the Effective Time and theretofore paid with respect to
such whole shares of Parent Common Stock and (ii) at the
appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends or other
distributions with a record date after the Effective Time and a
payment date subsequent to such surrender payable with respect to
such whole shares of Parent Common Stock.
(e)
Transfers of Ownership . If shares of Parent Common Stock
are to be issued in a name other than that in which the
Certificates surrendered in exchange therefor are registered, it
will be a condition of the issuance thereof that the Certificates
so surrendered will be properly endorsed and otherwise in proper
form for transfer and that the Persons requesting such exchange
will have paid to Parent or any agent designated by it any transfer
or other Taxes required by reason of the issuance of shares of
Parent Common Stock in any name other than that of the registered
holder of the Certificates surrendered, or established to the
reasonable satisfaction of Parent or any agent designated by it
that such Tax has been paid or is not payable.
(f)
Required Withholding . Each of Parent, the Exchange Agent
and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and
withhold from any consideration payable or otherwise deliverable
pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as may be required to be
deducted or withheld therefrom under the Code or under any
provision of state, local or foreign Tax law or under any other
applicable Legal Requirement. Such withheld amounts shall be
promptly remitted to the appropriate Governmental Entity. To the
extent such amounts are so deducted or withheld and remitted, the
amount of such consideration shall be treated for all purposes
under this Agreement as having been paid to the Person to whom such
consideration would otherwise have been paid.
(g)
No Liability . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in
this Section 1.7 , neither the Exchange Agent, the
Surviving Corporation nor any party hereto shall be liable to a
holder of shares of Parent Common Stock or Company Common Stock for
any amount paid to a public official pursuant to any applicable
abandoned property, escheat or similar law.
(h)
Investment of Exchange Fund . The Exchange Agent shall
invest any cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent
on a daily basis; provided that no gain or loss thereon or income
or loss generated thereby shall affect the amounts payable to
Company stockholders pursuant to this Article I . Any
interest and other income resulting from such investment shall
become a part of the Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of
the amounts payable to Company stockholders pursuant to this
Article I shall promptly be paid to Parent.
(i)
Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange
Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares one (1) year after the Effective Time shall,
at the request of Parent, be delivered to Parent or otherwise
according to the instruction of Parent, and any holders of the
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares who have not surrendered such
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares in compliance with this
Section 1.7 shall after such delivery to Parent look
only to Parent for the shares of Parent Common Stock and cash
constituting the Merger Consideration pursuant to
Section 1.6(a) , cash in lieu of any fractional shares
pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and any dividends or other
distributions pursuant to Section 1.7(d) with respect to the
shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented thereby. If
any
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Certificate or Book-Entry Share shall not have been surrendered
prior to seven (7) years after the Effective Time (or
immediately prior to such earlier time as such amounts would
otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental
Entity), any such portion of the Exchange Fund (including amounts
held by Parent after the distribution to it of the Exchange Fund)
remaining unclaimed by holders of shares of Company Common Stock
immediately prior to such time shall, to the extent permitted by
law, become the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or
interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
1.8 No Further Ownership Rights in
Company Common Stock . The Merger Consideration issued and paid
upon the surrender for exchange of shares of Company Common Stock
in accordance with the terms hereof (including any cash paid in
respect thereof pursuant to Sections 1.6(a) and 1.6(g)
and any dividends or distributions paid in respect thereof pursuant
to Section 1.7(d) ) shall be deemed to have been issued
and paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such
shares of Company Common Stock, and there shall be no further
registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving
Corporation of shares of Company Common Stock which were
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. On or after
the Effective Time, any Certificates or Book-Entry Shares presented
to the Exchange Agent, Parent or the Surviving Corporation for any
reason shall, subject to compliance with Section 1.7 ,
be converted into the Merger Consideration to which such holder is
entitled pursuant to Section 1.6(a) , any cash in lieu
of any fractional shares to which such holder is entitled pursuant
to Section 1.6(g) and any dividends or other
distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 1.7(d) , in each case without any interest
thereon.
1.9 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates . In the event any Certificates shall have been
lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall issue in
exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates, upon the
making of an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, such
shares of Parent Common Stock and cash constituting the Merger
Consideration as to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 1.6(a) , cash for fractional shares, if any, as
may be required pursuant to Section 1.6(g) and any
dividends or distributions payable pursuant to Section
1.7(d); provided , however , that the Exchange
Agent may, as a condition precedent to the issuance and payment
thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as it may reasonably
direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against
Parent, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange
Agent with respect to the Certificates alleged to have been lost,
stolen or destroyed.
1.10 Tax Consequences . It is
intended by the parties hereto that the Merger shall constitute a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
The parties hereto adopt this Agreement as a plan of reorganization
within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.368-2(g)
and 1.368-3(a).
1.11 Further Action . At and
after the Effective Time, the officers and directors of Parent and
the Surviving Corporation will be authorized to execute and
deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Company and Merger Sub,
any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or assurances and to take and
do, in the name and on behalf of the Company and Merger Sub, any
other actions and things to vest,
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perfect
or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation any
and all right, title and interest in, to and under any of the
rights, properties or assets acquired or to be acquired by the
Surviving Corporation as a result of, or in connection with, the
Merger.
1.12 Dissenter’s Rights
. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary,
shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time held by a holder who is entitled to
demand and properly demands appraisal of such shares of Company
Common Stock ( “Dissenting Shares” ), pursuant
to, and who complies in all respects with, Section 262 of
Delaware Law (the “Appraisal Rights” ), shall
not be converted into the right to receive the Merger
Consideration, but shall be converted into the right to receive
such consideration as may be due such holder pursuant to
Section 262 of Delaware Law unless such holder fails to
perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses such holder’s right to
such payment or appraisal. From and after the Effective Time, a
holder of Dissenting Shares shall not have and shall not be
entitled to exercise any of the voting rights or other rights of a
stockholder of the Surviving Corporation. If, after the Effective
Time, such holder fails to perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses
any such Appraisal Rights, each such share of such holder shall no
longer be considered a Dissenting Share and shall be deemed to have
converted as of the Effective Time into the right to receive the
Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 1.6(a)
, cash in lieu of any fractional shares pursuant to
Section 1.6(g) and any dividends or other distributions
pursuant to Section 1.7(d) . The Company shall give
prompt notice to Parent of any demands received by the Company for
appraisal of shares of Company Common Stock, withdrawals of such
demands and any other instruments served pursuant to Delaware Law
received by the Company, and Parent shall have the right to control
all negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands.
Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall not, except with the
prior written consent of Parent voluntarily make any payment with
respect to, or settle or offer to settle, any such demands or agree
to do or commit to do any of the foregoing.
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Except as disclosed in writing in the
disclosure letter supplied by Company to Parent dated as of the
date hereof and certified by a duly authorized executive officer of
the Company (the “Company Disclosure Letter” ),
the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as
follows:
2.1 Organization; Standing and
Power; Charter Documents; Subsidiaries .
(a)
Organization; Standing and Power . The Company and each of
its Subsidiaries (i) is a corporation or other organization
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization
(except in the case of good standing for entities organized under
the laws of any jurisdiction that does not recognize such concept),
(ii) has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and
operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being
conducted, and (iii) is duly qualified or licensed and in good
standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of
its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes
such qualification or licensing necessary, other than in such
jurisdictions where the
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failure
to so qualify or to be in good standing, individually or in the
aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement,
“Subsidiary,” when used with respect to any
party, shall mean any corporation or other organization, whether
incorporated or unincorporated, at least a majority of the
securities or other interests of which having by their terms
ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors
or others performing similar functions with respect to such
corporation or other organization is directly or indirectly owned
or controlled by such party or by any one or more of its
Subsidiaries, or by such party and one or more of its
Subsidiaries.
(b)
Charter Documents . The Company has delivered or made
available to Parent: (i) a true and correct copy of its
Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of
Designations) and its Bylaws of the Company, each as amended or
amended and restated to date (collectively, the “Company
Charter Documents” ) and (ii) the certificate of
incorporation and bylaws, or like organizational documents
(collectively, “Subsidiary Charter Documents” ),
of each of its Subsidiaries, and each such instrument is in full
force and effect. The Company is not in violation of any of the
provisions of the Company Charter Documents and each Subsidiary is
not in violation of its respective Subsidiary Charter
Documents.
(c)
Minutes . The Company has made available to Parent and its
representatives true and complete copies of the minutes of all
meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and each
committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries held since September 30, 2004.
(d)
Subsidiaries . Section 2.1(d) of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth each Subsidiary of the Company. All
the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity or
voting interests in, each such Subsidiary have been duly
authorized, validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and
are owned by the Company, a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company,
or the Company and another wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company,
free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges,
encumbrances, options and security interests of any kind or nature
whatsoever (collectively, “Liens” ), including
any restriction on the right to vote, possess, use, sell, transfer
or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other ownership
interests, except for restrictions imposed by applicable securities
laws. Other than the Subsidiaries of the Company, neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any capital stock of, or
other equity or voting interests of any nature in, or any interest
convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for, capital stock of, or
other equity or voting interests of any nature in, any other
Person.
2.2 Capital Structure .
(a)
Capital Stock .
(i) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of:
(1) 75,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, par value
$0.001 per share and (2) 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
par value $0.001 per share (the “Company Preferred
Stock” ). At the close of business on October 19,
2007: (i) 20,940,600 shares of Company Common Stock were
issued and outstanding, and (ii) no shares of Company
Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
-11-
Since
the close of business on October 19, 2007 through the
execution of this Agreement, the Company has not issued any shares
of Company Common Stock, other than pursuant to the exercise of
Company Options (as defined below) outstanding as of
October 19, 2007 and granted pursuant to the Company Stock
Plans. No shares of Company Common Stock are owned or held by the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company.
(ii) All
of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are, and
all shares of capital stock of the Company which may be issued as
contemplated or permitted by this Agreement will be, when issued,
duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
and not subject to any preemptive rights.
Section 2.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a list of each holder of Company Restricted Stock and
(a) the name and last known state of domicile of the holder of
such Company Restricted Stock ( provided , however ,
that the Company may redact names of employees (other than with
respect to officers of the Company) from such list), (b) the
number of shares of Company Restricted Stock held by such holder,
(c) the repurchase price of such Company Restricted Stock,
(d) the date on which such Company Restricted Stock was
purchased or granted and (e) the applicable vesting schedule
pursuant to which the Company’s right of repurchase or
forfeiture lapses, and (f) the extent to which such Company
right of repurchase or forfeiture has lapsed as of the date hereof.
There are no commitments or agreements of any character to which
the Company is bound obligating Company to waive its right of
repurchase or forfeiture with respect to any Company Restricted
Stock as a result of the Merger (whether alone or upon the
occurrence of any additional or subsequent events). For purposes of
this Agreement, “Contract” shall mean any written, oral
or other agreement, contract, subcontract, settlement agreement,
lease, binding understanding, instrument, note, option, warranty,
purchase order, license, sublicense, insurance policy, benefit plan
or other legally binding commitment or undertaking of any nature,
as in effect as of the date hereof or as may hereinafter be in
effect.
(b)
Stock Options .
(i) As
of the close of business on October 19, 2007:
(i) 3,359,430 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to
issuance pursuant to outstanding options to purchase Company Common
Stock under the Company Stock Plans (the “Company
Options” ) and (ii) 920,296 shares of Company Common
Stock were reserved for future issuance pursuant to Company Options
or other equity-based awards available for grant under the Company
Stock Plans. Since the close of business on October 19, 2007
through the execution of this Agreement, no Company Options have
been granted and no shares of Company Common Stock have been
reserved for future issuance pursuant to Company Options or other
equity-based awards available for grant under the Company Stock
Plans. There are no outstanding or authorized stock appreciation,
phantom stock or other similar rights (whether payable in stock,
cash or other property) with respect to the Company.
(ii)
Section 2.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a list of each outstanding Company Option issued and
(a) the particular Company Stock Plan (if any) pursuant to
which such Company Option was granted, (b) the name and last
known state of domicile of the holder of such Company Option (
provided , however , that the Company may redact
names of
-12-
employees (other than with respect to officers of the Company) from
such list), (c) the number of shares of Company Common Stock
subject to such Company Option, (d) the exercise price of such
Company Option (and whether such option is subject to
Section 409A of the Code), (e) the date on which such
Company Option was granted, (e) the applicable vesting
schedule (including any acceleration provisions with respect
thereto), and the extent to which such Company Option is vested and
exercisable as of the date hereof, (f) the date on which such
Company Option expires, and (g) whether such Company Option is
intended to qualify as an incentive stock option as defined in
Section 422 of the Code. All shares of Company Common Stock
subject to issuance under the Company Stock Plans, upon issuance on
the terms and conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to
which they are issuable, would be duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable. True and complete copies of the forms
of all agreements relating to Company Options issued under the
Company Stock Plans have been provided to Parent, such forms of
agreements are not materially different from the agreements
evidencing such Company Options (other than with respect to the
name of the holder, the per share exercise price, the number of
shares subject to such Company Options and the applicable vesting
schedule), and such agreements and instruments have not been
amended, modified or supplemented, and the Company has no
obligations under any Contract to amend, modify or supplement such
agreements in any case from the forms provided to Parent (or the
actual agreements evidencing such Company Options).
(c)
Voting Debt . No bonds, debentures, notes or other
indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(i) having the right to vote on any matters on which
stockholders may vote (or which are convertible into, or
exchangeable for, securities having such right) or (ii) the
value of which is in any way based upon or derived from capital or
voting stock of the Company or its Subsidiaries, are issued or
outstanding as of the date hereof (collectively, “Voting
Debt”).
(d)
Other Securities .
(i) As
of the date hereof, other than as set forth in
Section 2.2(a)(i) and Section 2.2(b)(i)
there are no securities, options, warrants, calls, rights,
contracts, commitments, agreements, instruments, arrangements,
understandings, obligations or undertakings of any kind to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any
of them is bound obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to (including on a deferred basis) issue, deliver or sell, or cause
to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital
stock, Voting Debt or other voting securities of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, or obligating the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to issue, grant, extend or enter into any such
security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment, agreement,
instrument, arrangement, understanding, obligation or
undertaking.
(ii) All
outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, all outstanding Company
Options, and all outstanding shares of capital stock of each
Subsidiary of the Company have been issued and granted in
compliance in all material respects with (i) all applicable
federal, state and foreign securities laws and all other applicable
Legal Requirements and (ii) all requirements set forth in
applicable material Contracts. Except for shares of Restricted
Stock, there are not any outstanding Contracts of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries to (i) repurchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting
interests in, the
-13-
Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) dispose of any shares of
the capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, any
of its Subsidiaries. The Company is not a party to any voting
agreement with respect to shares of the capital stock of, or other
equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, other than the
Company Voting Agreements and the irrevocable proxies granted
pursuant to the Company Voting Agreements, there are no irrevocable
proxies and no voting agreements, voting trusts, rights plans,
anti-takeover plans or registration rights agreements with respect
to any shares of the capital stock of, or other equity or voting
interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. For purposes
of this Agreement, “Legal Requirements” shall mean any
federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other law, statute,
constitution, principle of common law, resolution, ordinance, code,
order, edict, decree, rule, regulation, ruling or requirement
issued, enacted, adopted, promulgated, implemented or otherwise put
into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental
Entity.
2.3 Authority; Non-Contravention;
Necessary Consents .
(a)
Authority . The Company has all requisite corporate power
and authority to enter into this Agreement and, subject to the
adoption and approval of the Merger by the Required Company
Stockholders (as defined below), to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have
been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part
of the Company and no other corporate proceedings on the part of
the Company are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery
of this Agreement or to consummate the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated hereby, subject only to the adoption of
this Agreement by the Required Company Stockholders and the filing
of the Certificate of Merger pursuant to Delaware Law. The
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock (the “Required Company
Stockholders” ) to adopt this Agreement is the only vote
of the holders of any class or series of Company capital stock
necessary to adopt this Agreement in order to consummate the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has
been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due
authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub,
constitutes valid and binding obligations of the Company,
enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms
except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws relating to
or affecting creditors generally and by general equitable
principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered
in a proceeding in equity or at law).
(b)
Non-Contravention . The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by the Company does not, and performance of this
Agreement by the Company will not: (i) assuming the Required
Company Stockholders adopt this Agreement, conflict with or violate
the Company Charter Documents or any Subsidiary Charter Documents
of any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) subject to obtaining
the adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s stockholders
as contemplated in Section 5.2 and compliance with the
requirements set forth in Section 2.3(d) , conflict
with or violate any material Legal Requirement applicable to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties is bound
or affected, or (iii) result in any breach of or constitute a
default (or an event that with
-14-
notice
or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or
materially impair the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries
rights or materially alter the rights or obligations of any third
party under, or give to others any rights of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the
creation of a Lien on any of the properties or assets of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any Company
Scheduled Contract, except, as to clauses (ii) and (iii),
respectively, for any such conflicts, violations, breaches,
defaults or other occurrences which would not be material to the
Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Section 2.3(b)(iv) of the Company Disclosure Letter
lists all consents, waivers and approvals under any of the Company
Scheduled Contracts required to be obtained in connection with the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, which, if
individually or in the aggregate not obtained, would result in a
loss of benefits to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that
would be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole.
(c)
Section 2.3(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
all consents, waivers and approvals under any of the
Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ Contracts required to be
obtained in connection with the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby, (including (a) the Merger and
(b) the Second Merger and indicating thereon which of the
Merger or the Second Merger to which such disclosure relates)
which, if individually not obtained, would reasonably be expected
to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d)
Necessary Consents . No consent, approval, order or
authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with any
supranational, national, state, municipal, local or foreign
government, any instrumentality, subdivision, court, administrative
agency or commission or other governmental authority or
instrumentality, or any quasi-governmental or private body
exercising any regulatory, taxing, importing or other governmental
or quasi-governmental authority (a “Governmental
Entity” ) is required to be obtained or made by the
Company in connection with the execution and delivery of this
Agreement or the consummation of the Merger and other transactions
contemplated hereby, except for: (i) the filing of the
Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of
other states in which the Company and/or Parent are qualified to do
business, (ii) the filing of the Prospectus/Joint Proxy
Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“SEC” ) in accordance with the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act” ) and the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement, (iii) such consents, approvals, orders,
authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be
required under applicable federal, foreign and state securities (or
related) laws and the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act
of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act” ) and
satisfaction of such other requirements of the comparable
applicable laws of other jurisdictions, (iv) such consents,
approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and
filings as may be required under applicable state securities or
“blue sky” laws and the securities laws of any foreign
country, and (v) such other consents, orders, authorizations,
filings, declarations, approvals and registrations which if not
obtained or made would not be material to the Company or the
Surviving Entity or materially adversely affect the ability of the
parties hereto to consummate the Merger within the time frame in
which the Merger would otherwise be consummated in the absence of
the need for such consent, approval, order, authorization,
registration, declaration or filings.
-15-
2.4 SEC Filings; Financial
Statements; Internal Controls .
(a)
SEC Filings . The Company has filed all required
registration statements, prospectuses, reports, schedules, forms,
statements and other documents (including exhibits and all other
information incorporated by reference) required to be filed by it
with the SEC since September 30, 2004. The Company has made
available to Parent all such registration statements, prospectuses,
reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents in the
form filed with the SEC. All such required registration statements,
prospectuses, reports, schedules, forms, statements and other
documents (including those that the Company may file subsequent to
the date hereof) are referred to herein as the “Company
SEC Reports.” As of their respective dates or, if amended
or supplemented prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the date
of such amendment or supplement, each Company SEC Report
(i) complied in all material respects with the requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act” ), or the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and the
rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder applicable to such
Company SEC Reports and (ii) did not at the time it was filed
(or became effective in the case of a registration statement), or
if amended, supplemented or superseded by a filing prior to the
date of this Agreement then on the date of such superseding filing,
amendment or supplement, contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light
of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required to file any
forms, reports or other documents with the SEC. The Company has
previously made available to Parent a complete and correct copy of
any amendments or modifications, which have not yet been filed with
the SEC but which are required to be filed, to agreements,
documents or other instruments which previously had been filed by
Company with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange
Act.
(b)
Financial Statements . Each of the consolidated financial
statements (including, in each case, any related notes thereto)
contained in the Company SEC Reports (the “Company
Financials” ) (as amended or supplemented prior to the
date of this Agreement, if applicable), including each Company SEC
Report filed after the date hereof until the Closing: (i) was
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted
accounting principles ( “GAAP” ) applied on a
consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may be
indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of unaudited interim
financial statements, as may be permitted by the SEC on Form 10-Q,
8-K or any successor form under the Exchange Act), and
(ii) fairly presented in all material respects the
consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as at the respective dates thereof and the
consolidated results of the Company’s operations and cash
flows for the periods indicated except that the unaudited interim
financial statements were or are subject to normal year end
adjustments which were not, or are not expected to be, material in
amount to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. The
Company does not intend to correct or restate, nor is there any
basis for any correction or restatement of, in any material
respect, any aspect of the Company Financials. The balance sheet of
the Company dated as of June 30, 2007 contained in the Company
SEC Report filed with the SEC on August 3, 2007 is hereinafter
referred to as the “Company Balance Sheet.”
Except as disclosed in the Company Financials, neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities (absolute, accrued,
contingent or otherwise) of a nature required to be reflected or
reserved against
-16-
on a
consolidated balance sheet or in the related notes to the
consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP,
except for liabilities or obligations (1) under this Agreement
or incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated
hereby, (2) incurred in the ordinary course of business since
June 30, 2007 or (3) which are not, individually or in
the aggregate, material to the business, results of operations or
financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a
whole.
(c)
Internal Controls . The Company has established and
maintains disclosure controls and procedures and internal control
over financial reporting, as such terms are defined in, and as
required by, Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act.
The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are
reasonably designed to ensure that all material information
required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it
files or furnishes under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
rules and forms of the SEC, and that all such material information
is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management
as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure and to make the certifications required pursuant to
Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” ). The Company’s
management has completed an assessment of the effectiveness of the
Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting
in compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2006, and such assessment concluded that such controls were
effective and the Company’s independent registered accountant
has issued (and not subsequently withdrawn or qualified) an
attestation report concluding that the Company maintained effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2006. Since December 31, 2006 and through the date hereof, to
the Knowledge of the Company, no events, facts or circumstances
have occurred, or exist, such that management would not be able to
complete its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s
system of internal control over financial reporting in compliance
with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, and conclude,
after such assessment, that such controls were effective. The
principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the
Company have made all certifications required by the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act and any related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC.
The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has established and
maintains and adheres to and enforces in all material respects a
system of internal control over financial reporting, which is
sufficient in all material respects to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements (including the Company
Financials) for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. To the
Knowledge of the Company, since the date of the Company’s
most recent Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries (including any Employee), nor the
Company’s independent auditors has identified or been made
aware of (A) any significant deficiency or material weakness
in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting utilized by the
-17-
Company
and its Subsidiaries, (B) any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves the Company’s management or other Employees),
or (C) any claim or allegation regarding any of the foregoing.
In connection with the periods covered by the Company Financials
since January 1, 2007, the Company has disclosed to Parent all
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses identified in
writing by the Company or the Company’s independent auditors
(whether current or former) in the design or operation of the
internal control over financial reporting utilized by the Company
and its Subsidiaries. The Company is in compliance in all material
respects with (i) the applicable provisions of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act and (ii) the applicable listing and
corporate governance rules and regulations of Nasdaq.
2.5 Absence of Certain Changes or
Events . Since the date of the Company Balance Sheet there has
not been any Company Material Adverse Effect and during the period
from the date of the Company Balance Sheet to the date hereof there
has not been: (i) any declaration, setting aside or payment of
any dividend on, or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or
property) in respect of, any of the Company’s or any of its
Subsidiaries’ capital stock, or any purchase, redemption or
other acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any
of the Company’s capital stock or any other securities of the
Company or its Subsidiaries or any options, warrants, calls or
rights to acquire any such shares or other securities, other than
repurchases of unvested shares in connection with the termination
of the employment relationship with any employee, or upon the
resignation of any director or consultant, pursuant to stock option
or purchase agreements and, in each case, at no cost or for a de
minimis cost, (ii) any split, combination or reclassification
of any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’
capital stock; (iii) any granting by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of any increase in compensation or fringe benefits,
except for normal increases of cash compensation in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice (other than to
directors or executive officers of the Company), or any payment by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any bonus, except for
bonuses made in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice (other than to directors or executive officers of the
Company), or any granting by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
of any increase in severance or termination pay or any entry by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries into any currently effective
employment, severance, termination or indemnification agreement or
any agreement the benefits of which are contingent or the terms of
which are materially altered upon the occurrence of a transaction
involving the Company of the nature contemplated hereby (other than
offer letters and letter agreements entered into in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice with employees who
are not officers and are terminable “at will” without
the Company or its Subsidiaries incurring any material liability or
financial obligation), (iv) entry by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries into any licensing or other agreement with regard to
the acquisition or disposition of any material Intellectual
Property other than licenses, distribution agreements, advertising
agreements, sponsorship agreements or merchant program agreements
entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice, (v) any amendment or consent with respect to
any Company Scheduled Contract in effect since the date of the
Company Balance Sheet, (vi) any material change by the Company
in its accounting methods, principles or practices, except as
required by concurrent changes in GAAP, or (vii) any material
revaluation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any of its
assets, including, without limitation, writing down the value of
capitalized inventory or writing off notes or accounts receivable
other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice.
2.6 Taxes .
(a)
Definitions . For the purposes of this Agreement, the term
“Tax” or, collectively,
“Taxes” shall mean (i) any and all U.S.
federal, state, local and non-U.S. taxes, assessments and other
governmental charges, duties, impositions and liabilities,
including taxes
-18-
based
upon or measured by gross receipts, income, profits, sales, use and
occupation, and value added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise,
withholding, payroll, recapture, employment, excise and property
taxes, together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed
with respect to such amounts, (ii) any liability for the
payment of any amounts of the type described in clause (i) of
this Section 2.6(a) as a result of being or ceasing to
be a member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary
group for any period (including any arrangement for group or
consortium relief or similar arrangement), and (iii) any
liability for the payment of any amounts of the type described in
clauses (i) or (ii) of this Section 2.6(a) as
a result of any express or implied obligation to indemnify any
other person or as a result of any obligations under any agreements
or arrangements with any other person with respect to such amounts
and including any liability for taxes of a predecessor or
transferor, or otherwise by operation of law; and (iii)
“Tax Return” shall mean any report, return
(including information return), claim for refund, election,
estimated tax filing or declaration required to be supplied to any
Governmental Entity or domestic or foreign taxing authority with
respect to Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto, and
including any amendments thereof.
(b)
Taxes; Tax Returns and Audits .
(i) The
Company and each of its Subsidiaries have prepared or caused to be
prepared and timely filed or caused to be filed all required
material Tax Returns relating to any and all Taxes concerning or
attributable to the Company, its Subsidiaries or their respective
operations, taking into account any extensions of time within which
to file such Tax Returns, and such Tax Returns, in all material
respects, are true and correct and have been completed in
accordance with applicable Legal Requirements.
(ii) The
Company and each of its Subsidiaries have timely paid all material
Taxes required to be paid, and paid or withheld with respect to
their Employees and other third parties (and paid over to the
appropriate Taxing authority) all income taxes, Federal Insurance
Contribution Act, Federal Unemployment Tax Act and other Taxes
required to be paid or withheld.
(iii) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been delinquent in the
payment of any material Tax, nor is there any material Tax
deficiency outstanding, assessed or proposed in writing against the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor has the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries executed any waiver of any statute of limitations
on or extending the period for the assessment or collection of any
Tax.
(iv) No
audit or other examination of any Tax Return of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries is presently in progress, nor has the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries been notified in writing of any request
for such an audit or other examination.
(v) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material
liabilities for unpaid Taxes as of the date of the Company Balance
Sheet which have not been accrued or reserved on the Company
Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP, and neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for Taxes since
the date of the Company Balance Sheet other than in the ordinary
course of business.
-19-
(vi) The
Company has made available to Parent or its legal counsel, copies
of all material Tax Returns for the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries filed since the fiscal year ended December 31,
2004.
(vii) There
are no Tax liens upon any property or assets of the Company or any
Company Subsidiaries except for liens for current Taxes not yet due
and payable or Taxes which are being contested in good faith and
for which adequate reserves have been established on the Company
Financials.
(viii) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, or has been at any
time, a “United States Real Property Holding
Corporation” within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of
the Code.
(ix) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (a) ever been a
member of an affiliated group (within the meaning of Code
§1504(a)) filing a consolidated U.S. federal income Tax Return
(other than a group the common parent of which was Company),
(b) ever been a party to any Tax sharing, indemnification or
allocation agreement, nor does the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries owe any amount under any such agreement and
(c) any liability for the Taxes of any person (other than
Company or any of its Subsidiaries) under Treas. Reg. §
1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law,
including any arrangement for group or consortium relief or similar
arrangement), as a transferee or successor, by operation of law, by
contract, or otherwise.
(x) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has constituted either a
“distributing corporation” or a “controlled
corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify
for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code during
the two-year period immediately preceding the Closing Date.
(xi) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a listed
transaction under Treas. Reg. § 1.6011-4(b), including any
transaction that is the same as or substantially similar to one of
the types of transactions that the Internal Revenue Service has
determined to be a tax avoidance transaction and identified by
notice, regulation, or other form of published guidance as a listed
transaction.
(xii) The
Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in full compliance with all
terms and conditions of any Tax exemption, Tax holiday or other Tax
reduction agreement or order (each, a “Tax
Incentive” ).
(xiii) None
of the Company, any Company Subsidiary or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, any of the Company’s affiliates has taken or agreed
to take any action that would prevent the Merger from qualifying as
a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
The Company is not aware of any agreement, plan or other
circumstance that would prevent the Merger from qualifying as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Code.
-20-
2.7 Intellectual Property .
Definitions . For the purposes of this Agreement, the
following terms have the following meanings:
(i)
“Intellectual Property” shall mean any or
all of the following and all rights in, arising out of, or
associated therewith: (a) all United States, international and
foreign patents and applications therefor and all reissues,
divisions, renewals, extensions, provisionals, continuations and
continuations-in-part thereof; (b) all inventions (whether
patentable or not), invention disclosures, improvements, trade
secrets, proprietary information, know how, technology, technical
data and customer lists, and all documentation relating to any of
the foregoing; (c) all copyrights, copyrights registrations
and applications therefor, and all other rights corresponding
thereto throughout the world; (d) all mask works, mask work
registrations and applications therefor, and any equivalent or
similar rights in semiconductor masks, layouts, architectures or
topology; (e) domain names, uniform resource locators (
“URLs” ) and other names and locators
associated with the Internet (collectively, “Domain
Names” ), (f) all Software; (g) all
industrial designs and any registrations and applications therefor
throughout the world; (h) all trade names, logos, common law
trademarks and service marks, trademark and service mark
registrations and applications therefor throughout the world;
(i) all databases and data collections and all rights therein
throughout the world; (j) all moral and economic rights of
authors and inventors, however denominated, throughout the world,
and (k) any similar or equivalent rights to any of the
foregoing anywhere in the world.
(ii)
“Company Intellectual Property” shall mean any
Intellectual Property that is owned by, or exclusively licensed to,
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(iii)
“Registered Intellectual Property” shall mean
all United States, international and foreign: (a) patents and
patent applications (including provisional applications);
(b) registered trademarks, applications to register
trademarks, intent-to-use applications, or other registrations or
applications related to trademarks; (c) registered copyrights
and applications for copyright registration; and (d) any other
Intellectual Property that is the subject of an application,
certificate, filing, registration or other document issued, filed
with, or recorded by any Governmental Entity.
(iv)
“Software” shall mean any and all
(i) computer programs, including any and all software
implementations of algorithms, models and methodologies, whether in
source code or object code, (ii) databases and compilations,
including any and all data and collections of data, whether machine
readable or otherwise, (iii) descriptions, flow-charts and
other work product used to design, plan, organize and develop any
of the foregoing and (iv) all user documentation, including
user manuals and training materials, relating to any of the
foregoing.
(v)
“Company Registered Intellectual Property” shall
mean all of the Registered Intellectual Property owned by, or filed
in the name of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(vi)
“Company Owned Intellectual Property” shall mean
all Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
-21-
(b)
Registered Intellectual Property; Proceedings .
Section 2.7(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth (a) all Company Registered Intellectual Property and
specifies, where applicable, the jurisdictions in which each such
item of Company Registered Intellectual Property has been issued or
registered, and (b) all proceedings or actions currently
pending before any court or tribunal (including the United States
Patent and Trademark Office (the “PTO” ) or
equivalent authority anywhere else in the world) related to any of
the Company Registered Intellectual Property (excluding with
respect to the prosecution of any Intellectual Property
applications).
(c)
Company Products . Section 2.7(c) of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all material products,
software or service offerings of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries that were sold within the past two (2) years or
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries intends to sell within
ninety (90) days after the date hereof (collectively,
“Company Products” ).
(d)
No Order . No Company Intellectual Property owned by Company
or Company Product is subject to any proceeding or outstanding
order or stipulation (other than the proceedings set forth in
Section 2.7(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, and
any restrictions agreed to with the PTO or equivalent authority in
connection with the prosecution of Company Registered Intellectual
Property) restricting in any manner the use, transfer, or licensing
thereof by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or which may affect
the validity, use or enforceability of such Company Intellectual
Property owned by Company or the use of such Company Product.
(e)
Registration . Each item of Company Registered Intellectual
Property (other than such Intellectual Property intentionally
abandoned by the Company or which the Company no longer wishes to
protect) is subsisting and, to the Knowledge of the Company, valid,
all necessary registration, maintenance and renewal fees currently
due in connection with such Company Registered Intellectual
Property have been made and all necessary documents, recordations
and certificates in connection with such Company Registered
Intellectual Property have been filed with the relevant patent,
copyright, trademark or other authorities in the United States or
foreign jurisdictions, as the case may be, for the purposes of
prosecuting, maintaining or perfecting such Company Registered
Intellectual Property.
(f)
Absence of Liens . Except as set forth on
Section 2.7(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the
Company owns and has good and exclusive title to each item of
Company Intellectual Property owned by it, free and clear of any
Liens (excluding non-exclusive licenses and related restrictions
granted in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice).
(g)
Third-Party Development . To the extent that any material
technology, software or Intellectual Property has been developed or
created independently or jointly by a third party for the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, or any technology, software or
Intellectual Property is incorporated into any of the Company
Products, the Company and its Subsidiaries have a written agreement
with such third party with respect thereto and the Company and its
Subsidiaries thereby either (a) have obtained ownership
thereof, and are the exclusive or joint owners thereof, or
(b) have obtained rights or covenants not to sue or assert
sufficient for the conduct of its business as currently conducted
and currently proposed to be conducted with respect to Company
Products.
-22-
(h)
Transfers . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has transferred ownership of, nor granted any exclusive license
with respect to, any Intellectual Property that is material Company
Intellectual Property, to any third party.
(i)
Licenses . Other than (i) “shrink wrap” and
similar widely available commercial end-user licenses,
(ii) the open source licenses identified in
Section 2.7(p) of the Company Disclosure Letter, and
(iii) non-exclusive licenses of company products to end-users
pursuant to written agreements that have been entered into in the
ordinary course of business, Section 2.7(i) of the
Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all contracts,
licenses and agreements currently in effect to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party (x) with respect to Company
Intellectual Property licensed or transferred to any third party,
or (y) pursuant to which a third party has licensed or
transferred to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries: (1) any
Intellectual Property that is material to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries; or (2) any Intellectual Property on an exclusive
basis.
(j)
No Conflict .
(i) All
Contracts relating to the in-license of material Intellectual
Property currently used in the conduct of the Company’s
business are in full force and effect. Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries is in material compliance with, and has not materially
breached any term of any such Contracts.
(ii) The
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
will neither violate nor result in the breach, modification,
cancellation, termination, suspension of, or acceleration of any
payments with respect to, such Contracts, except, as to any such
conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences
which would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole. Following the Closing Date, the Surviving
Corporation will be permitted to exercise all of the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights under such
Contracts to the same extent the Company and its Subsidiaries would
have been able to had the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement not occurred and without the payment of any additional
amounts or consideration other than ongoing fees, royalties or
payments which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would
otherwise be required to pay. Neither this Agreement nor the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement will result in, with
respect to each of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’
Contracts which is among the Company’s and its
Subsidiaries’ top fifty (50) Contracts, based upon revenue
generated for the twelve (12) month period ended on
September 30, 2007, or to the Knowledge of the Company with
respect to any other Contracts to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries are currently a party, will result in (A) Parent
granting to any third party any right to or with respect to any
material Intellectual Property right owned by, or licensed to,
Parent, (B) Surviving Corporation granting to any third party
any right to or with respect to any material Intellectual Property
right owned by, or licensed to, Surviving Corporation that were not
licensed or exercisable by such third party prior to the Closing,
(C) Parent being bound by, or subject to, any non-compete or
other material restriction on the operation or scope of its
business, (D) Surviving Corporation being bound by, or subject
to, any non-compete or other material restriction on the operation
or scope of its business to which the Company was not subject prior
to
-23-
the
Closing, or (E) Parent or Surviving Corporation being
obligated to pay any royalties or other material amounts to any
third party in excess of those payable by Parent or Company,
respectively, prior to the Closing.
(iii) The
representations and warranties set forth in
Section 2.7(j)(ii) are true and correct (after giving
effect to the Second Merger), except for such failure to be true
and correct with respect to any such individual Contract which
would not reasonably be expected to result in a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(k)
No Infringement . To the Knowledge of the Company, the
operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as
such business currently is conducted and currently proposed to be
conducted within ninety (90) days hereof with respect to
Company Products, including the Company’s and its
Subsidiaries’ design, development, manufacture, use, import,
distribution, reproduction, sale, marketing or provision of the
Company Products has not and does not infringe or misappropriate
the Intellectual Property of any third party or constitute unfair
competition or unfair trade practices under the laws of any
jurisdiction where such Company Products are developed,
manufactured, reproduced, marketed, distributed, used, sold or
provided.
(l)
No Notice of Infringement . Neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries have received notice from any third party within
the last two (2) years that the operation of the business of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any act, product or
service of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, infringes or
misappropriates the Intellectual Property of any third party or
constitutes unfair competition or unfair trade practices under the
laws of any jurisdiction.
(m)
No Third Party Infringement . To the Knowledge of the
Company, no person has or is infringing or misappropriating any
material Company Owned Intellectual Property.
(n)
All Necessary Intellectual Property . To the Knowledge of
the Company, the Intellectual Property owned by or licensed to the
Company constitutes all material Intellectual Property used in
and/or necessary to the conduct of the business of the Company and
its Subsidiaries as it currently is conducted and currently
proposed to be conducted within ninety (90) days hereof with
respect to Company Products, including, without limitation, the
design, development, manufacture, reproduction, use, import, sale,
licensing, marketing, distribution and provision of the Company
Products.
(o)
Proprietary Information Agreements . The Company and each of
its Subsidiaries has taken reasonable steps to protect the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights in the
Company’s material confidential information and trade secrets
that it wishes to protect or any trade secrets or confidential
information of third parties provided to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, and, without limiting the foregoing, each of the
Company and its Subsidiaries has and enforces a policy requiring
each Employee whose regular duties involve the creation of
Intellectual Property to execute a proprietary
information/confidentiality agreement substantially in the form
provided to Parent, and all Employees of the Company and any of its
Subsidiaries whose regular duties involve the creation of
Intellectual Property have executed such an agreement, except
where
-24-
the
failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to be material to
the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(p)
Open Source . Except as set forth in
Section 2.7(p)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, no
Company Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property of a third
party or in the public domain that constitutes open source, public
source or freeware Intellectual Property, or any modification or
derivative thereof, including any version of any Software licensed
pursuant to any GNU general public license or limited general
public license or other public or open source license, or other
Software that is licensed pursuant to a license that purports to
require the distribution of, or access to, source code, purports to
require licensing of other Software combined with such Software, or
purports to restrict one’s ability to charge for distribution
of Software (collectively “Open Source” ), was
used in, incorporated into, integrated or bundled with any Company
Product that is distributed by the Company to Third Parties (each a
“Distributed Company Product” ).
Section 2.7(p)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter
sets forth a list of all Open Source that is included in, or
provided or distributed with, any Distributed Company Product and
for each such use of Open Source: (i) the applicable license
terms, (ii) the applicable Distributed Company Product, and
(iii) the copyright holder(s) of such Open Source. Except as
set forth in Section 2.7(p)(iii) of the Company
Disclosure Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has (A) incorporated Open Source into, or combined Open Source
with, any Company Product or Company Intellectual Property or used
Open Source to develop or provide any Company Product or Company
Intellectual Property, (B) distributed Open Source in
conjunction with or for use with any Company Product or Company
Intellectual Property, or (C) otherwise used Open Source, in
each case, in a manner that (x) imposes or could impose a
requirement or condition that such Company Product or Company
Intellectual Property (or any portion thereof) (1) be
disclosed or distributed in Source Code form, (2) be licensed
for the purpose of making modifications or derivative works, or
(3) be redistributable at no charge, or (y) grants or
would require the grant of a license to any Person of any Company
Intellectual Property.
(q) No
event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that
(with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) will, or would
reasonably be expected to, result in the disclosure or delivery by
the Company or any person acting on its behalf to any person of any
source code that is Company Owned Intellectual Property. Neither
the execution of this Agreement nor any of the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, will result in the release from
escrow of any source code that is Company Intellectual
Property.
(r) To
the Knowledge of the Company, all Company Products and Company
Intellectual Property (and all parts thereof) are free of any
disabling codes or instructions, timer, clock, counter or other
limiting design or routing, “back door,” “Trojan
horse,” “worm,” “virus” or other
software routines or hardware components that in each case permit
Third Party access not authorized by Company (pursuant to an
applicable license agreement or otherwise) or disablement or
erasure not authorized by Company (pursuant to an applicable
license agreement or otherwise) of such Company Product or Company
Intellectual Property (or all parts thereof) or data or other
software of users or otherwise cause them to be incapable of being
used in the full manner for which they were designed (
“Contaminants” ), except to the extent such
Software licensed on a “test” or
-25-
“trial” basis and except in the case of a virus, that
would not be material to the business of Company and its
subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(s) The
Company has complied with its internal privacy policies in all
material respects and with all applicable Legal Requirements with
respect to the collection of personally identifiable information,
except for which noncompliance that individually or in the
aggregate would not result in any liability to the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. To the Knowledge of the Company,
the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement complies
with all applicable material Legal Requirements relating to
privacy, information security and the Company’s applicable
privacy policies. True and correct copies of all current Company
privacy policies are attached to Section 2.7(s) of the
Company Disclosure Letter. There is no complaint to or audit,
proceeding, investigation or claim currently pending against, or to
the Knowledge of the Company threatened against, Company or its
business by any Governmental Entity, or by any Person in respect of
the collection, use or disclosure of personal information by any
Person in connection with the Company or their businesses.
(t) The
Company has information technology systems reasonably sufficient to
operate the business as it is currently conducted. The Company has
taken reasonable steps and implemented reasonable procedures to
limit the possibility that information technology systems used in
connection with the operation of the Company are infected with
Contaminants. The Company has taken reasonable steps, including the
implementation of a disaster recovery plan to safeguard the
information technology systems utilized in the operation of the
business of the Company as it is currently conducted. To the
Knowledge of the Company, there have been no material unauthorized
intrusions or breaches of the security of the Company’s
information technology systems within the past two
(2) years.
2.8 Compliance; Permits
.
(a)
Compliance . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
is in conflict with, or in default or in violation of, any Legal
Requirement applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective businesses or properties is, or the Company believes is
reasonably likely to be, bound or affected, or any material
Contract, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or any of their
respective business or properties is bound or affected except for
those conflicts, defaults or violations that, individually or in
the aggregate, would not cause the Company or its Subsidiaries to
lose any benefit or incur any liability, in any case, material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. No
investigation or review by any Governmental Entity is pending or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, has been threatened, against the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries. There is no material judgment,
injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries which has or would reasonably be expected to have the
effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of
material property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the
conduct of business by the Company and its Subsidiaries as
currently conducted in all material respects.
-26-
(b)
Permits . The Company and its Subsidiaries hold all permits,
licenses, variances, clearances, consents, commissions, franchises,
exemptions, orders and approvals from Governmental Entities (
“Permits” ) that are required for the operation
of the business of the Company (collectively, “Company
Permits” ), except for where the failure to hold such
Permits would not result in a liability material to the Company and
its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. As of the date hereof, no
suspension or cancellation of any of the material Company Permits
is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened. The
Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material
respects with the terms of the material Company Permits.
2.9 Litigation . There are no
claims, suits, actions, judgments or proceedings pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, before any court, governmental department,
commission, agency, instrumentality or authority, or any arbitrator
that seeks to (a) restrain or enjoin the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby or (b) which would reasonably
be expected, either singularly or in the aggregate with all such
claims, actions, judgments or proceedings, to be material to the
Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
2.10 Brokers’ and
Finders’ Fees . Except for fees payable to Goldman, Sachs
& Co. pursuant to an engagement letter dated July 12, 2007
(the “Goldman Agreement” ) a copy of which has
been provided to Parent, the Company has not incurred, nor will it
incur, directly or indirectly, any liability for brokerage or
finders’ fees or agents’ commissions or any similar
charges in connection with this Agreement or any transaction
contemplated hereby, and the Company has not entered into any
indemnification agreement or arrangement with any Person in
connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby other than pursuant to the Goldman Agreement. Except
pursuant to the Goldman Agreement, the Company will not incur any
fees or expenses of any accountant, broker, financial advisor,
consultant, legal counsel or other Person retained by the Company
in connection with this Agreement, other than fees which accrue on
a time and materials basis at customary rates for services
rendered.
2.11 Transactions with
Affiliates . Except as set forth in the Company SEC Reports,
since the date of the Company’s last proxy statement filed
with the SEC, no event has occurred as of the date hereof that
would be required to be reported by the Company pursuant to
Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.
Section 2.11 of the Company Disclosure Letter
identifies each Person who is an “affiliate” (as that
term is used in Rule 145 promulgated under the Securities Act)
of the Company as of the date hereof.
2.12 Employee Benefit
Plans
(a)
Schedule . Section 2.12(a) of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth a correct and complete list of
(i) each “employee benefit plan,” within the
meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, and (ii) each material
plan, program or agreement providing for compensation, severance,
termination pay, deferred compensation, performance awards, stock
or stock-related awards, fringe benefits or other employee benefits
or remuneration of any kind, whether written or unwritten or
otherwise, funded or unfunded (it being understood and agreed that
any plan, program or agreement providing severance, termination
pay, deferred compensation or stock or stock-related awards
shall
-27-
be
deemed material), which, in the case of plans, programs or
agreements described in clauses (i) or (ii) is
maintained, contributed to, or required to be contributed to, by
the Company or any Controlled Group Affiliate (as defined in
Section 2.12(e) ) for the benefit of any current or
former or retired employee, consultant or director (each, an
“Employee” ), or with respect to which the
Company or any Controlled Group Affiliate has or may have any
material liability or obligation, including each International
Employee Plan (each such plan, program and arrangement, a
“Company Employee Plan” ); and (iii) each
material management, employment, severance, consulting, relocation,
repatriation, expatriation, visa, work permit or other agreement or
contract between the Company or any Controlled Group Affiliate and
any Employee (each, an “Employee Agreement” ).
Except to the extent required by Law or to conform any such Company
Employee Plan to the requirements of any applicable Legal
Requirements, as required by the terms of such Company Employee
Plan or as permitted by the terms of this Agreement, or to the
extent necessary to bring such plans or agreements into compliance
with Section 409A of the Code or to secure an exemption from
Section 409A of the Code, neither the Company nor any Controlled
Group Affiliate has any plan or commitment to establish any new
Company Employee Plan or Employee Agreement, to modify any Company
Employee Plan or to adopt or enter into any Company Employee Plan
or Employee Agreement.
(b)
Documents . The Company has made available to Parent for
review (to the extent applicable) (i) all documents embodying
each Company Employee Plan and each Employee Agreement including
(without limitation) all amendments thereto and related trust
documents, administrative service agreements, group annuity
contracts, group insurance contracts, and policies pertaining to
fiduciary liability insurance covering the fiduciaries for each
Company Employee Plan), and with respect to any Company Employee
Plan that has been merged into another Company Employee Plan, the
plan documents in effect immediately prior to the merger of such
plan, (ii) the most recent annual actuarial valuations and/or
audited statement of assets and liabilities for each applicable
Company Employee Plan, (iii) the three (3) most recent
annual reports, returns, securities registration statements (other
than those available on EDGAR) or other filings, if any, required
to be filed with any Governmental Entity under applicable Legal
Requirement in connection with each Company Employee Plan,
(iv) the most recent IRS determination, opinion, notification
and advisory letters with respect to Company Employee Plans
intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code,
(v) all material written correspondence by the Company to, or
received by the Company from, any Governmental Entity relating to
any Company Employee Plan, (vi) all discrimination tests for
each Company Employee Plan, if applicable, for the most recent
three (3) plan years; (vii) all model COBRA forms and
related notices; (viii) all material communications from the
Company to Employees relating to any amendments, terminations,
establishments, increases or decreases in benefits, acceleration of
payments or vesting schedules or other events which would result in
any material liability under any Company Employee Plan; and
(ix) the most recent summary plan description together with
the summary(ies) of material modifications thereto, if any,
required under ERISA with respect to each Company Employee Plan. As
used in this Agreement, “COBRA” shall mean the
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, as
amended.
-28-
(c)
Benefit Plan Compliance .
(i) With
respect to each Company Employee Plan and Employee Agreement, no
event has occurred and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there
exists no condition or set of circumstances, in connection with
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would be subject to
any material liability under the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended ( “ERISA” ),
the Code or any other applicable Legal Requirement.
(ii) Each
Company Employee Plan has been, in all material respects,
administered and operated in accordance with its terms, with the
applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and all other applicable
material Legal Requirements and the terms of all applicable
collective bargaining agreements. Each Company Employee Plan that
is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has
either received a favorable determination letter from the Internal
Revenue Service as to its qualified status or may rely upon an
opinion letter for a prototype plan, and there has been no event,
condition or circumstance that has adversely affected or, to the
Company’s Knowledge, would adversely affect such qualified
status. The Company has not engaged in any “prohibited
transaction,” within the meaning of Section 4975 of the
Code or Sections 406 and 407 of ERISA, which is not otherwise
exempt under Section 408 of ERISA, with respect to any Company
Employee Plan. Each Company Employee Plan can be amended,
terminated or otherwise discontinued after the Effective Time in
accordance with its terms, without material liability to Parent,
Company or any of its Controlled Group Affiliates (other than
ordinary administration expenses or the payment of vested benefits
thereunder). There are no audits, inquiries or proceedings pending
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Internal
Revenue Service or U.S. Department of Labor, or any other
Governmental Entity or any Employee with respect to any Company
Employee Plan. Neither the Company nor any Controlled Group
Affiliate is subject to any material penalty or tax with respect to
any Company Employee Plan under Section 502(i) of ERISA or
Sections 4975 through 4980 of the Code.
(iii) To
the Knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has entered into any agreement, arrangement or
understanding, whether written or oral, with any trade union, works
council or other Employee representative body or any material
number or category of its Employees which would prevent the
implementation of any lay-off, redundancy, severance or similar
program within its or their respective workforces (or any part of
them).
(d)
Plan Funding . With respect to the Company Employee Plans,
there are no material benefit obligations for which contributions
have not been timely made or properly accrued and there are no
material benefit obligations which have not been accounted for by
reserves, or otherwise properly footnoted in accordance with the
requirements of GAAP, on the financial statements of the
Company.
(e)
No Pension or Welfare Plans . Neither the Company nor any
other person or entity under common control within the meaning of
Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code (a
“Controlled Group Affiliate” ) with the Company
has ever maintained, established, sponsored, participated in, or
contributed to, any (i) Company Employee Plan which is or was
subject to
-29-
Title IV
of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, (ii) “multiemployer
plan” (as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA), (iii)
“multiple employer plan” within the meaning of
Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA or subject to Section 413(c) of
the Code, or (iv) “welfare benefit fund” within the
meaning of Section 419 of the Code. No Company Employee Plan
provides health benefits that are not fully insured through an
insurance contract.
(f)
Continuation Coverage . No Company Employee Plan provides
post-termination or retiree welfare benefits (whether or not
insured), with respect to any person for any reason (other than
coverage mandated by applicable Legal Requirements) and neither the
Company nor any Controlled Group Affiliate has ever represented,
promised or contracted (whether in oral or written form) to any
Employee (either individually or to Employees as a group) or any
other person that such Employee(s) or other person would be
provided with post-termination or retiree welfare benefits, except
to the extent required by applicable Legal Requirements.
(g)
International Employee Plans . Each International Employee
Plan has been established, maintained and administered in material
compliance with its terms and conditions and with the requirements
prescribed by any and all statutory or regulatory laws that are
applicable to such International Employee Plan. Furthermore, no
International Employee Plan has unfunded liabilities, that as of
the Effective Time, will not be offset by insurance or fully
accrued. Except as required by law, no condition exists that would
prevent the Company or Parent from terminating or amending any
International Employee Plan at any time for any reason without
liability to the Company or its Controlled Group Affiliates (other
than ordinary administration expenses or routine claims for
benefits). Section 2.12(g) of the Company Disclosure
Letter lists each country in which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or affiliates has operations and the number of
employees in each country. As used in this Agreement,
“International Employee Plan” shall mean each
Company Employee Plan that has been adopted or maintained by the
Company or any Controlled Group Affiliate, whether informally or
formally, or with respect to which the Company or any Controlled
Group Affiliate will or may have any liability, for the benefit of
Employees who perform services outside the United States.
(h)
Effect of Transaction . The execution of this Agreement and
the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not
(either alone or upon the occurrence of any additional or
subsequent events) constitute an event under any Company Employee
Plan that will or may result in any material payment (whether of
severance pay or otherwise), acceleration of payment, forgiveness
of indebtedness, vesting, distribution, increase in benefits or
obligation to fund benefits with respect to any Employee. No
payment or benefit which will or may be made by the Company or any
Controlled Group Affiliate with respect to any Employee or any
other “disqualified individual” (as defined in Code
Section 280G and the regulations thereunder) will be
characterized as a “parachute payment,” within the
meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code. There is no
contract, agreement, plan or arrangement to which the Company or
any Controlled Group Affiliate is a party or by which it is bound
to compensate any Employee for excise taxes paid pursuant to
Section 4999 of the Code.
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(i)
Section 409A . Each contract, agreement or arrangement
to which the Company is a party that is a “nonqualified
deferred compensation plan” subject to
Section 409A of the Code has been operated since
January 1, 2005 in good faith compliance with
Section 409A of the Code and the guidance and regulations
thereunder (“Section 409A”). No such nonqualified
deferred compensation plan has been “materially
modified” (within the meaning of IRS Notice 2005-1) at any
time after October 3, 2004.
(j)
Past Acquisitions . Neither the Company nor any Controlled
Group Affiliate is currently obligated to provide an Employee with
any compensation or benefits pursuant to an agreement (e.g., an
acquisition agreement) with a former employer of such
Employee.
(k)
Labor . No employees are represented by any labor
organization or works council with respect to their employment with
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries is presently, nor has it been in the past, a
party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement or union
contract with respect to Employees and no collective bargaining
agreement is being negotiated by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries. To the Knowledge of the Company, there are no
activities or proceedings of any labor union to organize any
Employees. There is no labor dispute, strike, slowdown, concerted
refusal to work overtime, or work stoppage against the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries pending or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened or reasonably anticipated. None of the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective representatives
or Employees has committed any unfair labor practice in connection
with the operation of the respective businesses of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries. There are no material actions, suits,
claims, labor disputes or grievances pending or threatened or
reasonably anticipated relating to any labor, safety or
discrimination matters involving any Employee, including, without
limitation, charges of unfair labor practices or discrimination
complaints. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
engaged in any unfair labor practices within the meaning of the
National Labor Relations Act. Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has taken any action which would constitute a
“plant closing” or “mass layoff” within the
meaning of the WARN Act or similar state or local law, issued any
notification of
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