AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER BY AND AMONG NOKIA INC. JUPITER ACQUISITION CORPORATION AND INTELLISYNC CORPORATIONAgreement and Plan of Merger |
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Exhibit 2.01 AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER BY AND AMONG NOKIA INC. JUPITER ACQUISITION CORPORATION AND INTELLISYNC CORPORATION
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This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of November 15, 2005, by and among NOKIA INC., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), JUPITER ACQUISITION CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation and direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”), and INTELLISYNC CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”). A. The respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have deemed it advisable and in the best interests of their respective corporations and stockholders that Parent and the Company consummate the business combination and other transactions provided for herein. B. The respective Boards of Directors of Merger Sub and the Company have approved, in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (“ Delaware Law ”), this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger. C. Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, all current executive officers and members of the Board of Directors of the Company are entering into Voting Agreements and irrevocable proxies in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Voting Agreements ”). D. Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as an inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, certain key employees of the Company are simultaneously entering into employment-related or consulting agreements with Parent (which contain non-competition and non-solicitation provisions) substantially in the form attached hereto as Schedule 1 (the “ Employment Offer Letters ”). E. The Board of Directors of the Company has resolved to recommend to its stockholders the adoption of this Agreement. F. Parent, as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, has approved and adopted this Agreement and approved the Merger. G. Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain representations, warranties and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe certain conditions to the Merger. NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the covenants, promises and representations set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows: 1.1 The Merger. At the Effective Time and subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”), the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. The surviving corporation after the Merger is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “ Surviving Corporation .” 1.2 Effective Time; Closing. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing a Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the relevant provisions of Delaware Law (the “ Certificate of Merger ”) (the time of such filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (or such later time as may be agreed in writing by the Company and Parent and specified in the Certificate of Merger) being the 1
“ Effective Time ”) as soon as practicable on the Closing Date. The closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the offices of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, located at 525 University Avenue, Suite 1100, Palo Alto, California, at a time and date to be specified by the parties, which shall be no later than the second Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those that by their terms are to be satisfied or waived at the Closing), or at such other time, date and location as the parties hereto agree in writing. The date on which the Closing occurs is referred to herein as the “ Closing Date .” “ Business Day ” shall mean each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which Parent is closed for business or banking institutions located in San Francisco, California, are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. 1.3 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation. 1.4 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. At the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company shall be amended and restated in its entirety to be identical to the Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, until thereafter amended in accordance with Delaware Law and as provided in such Certificate of Incorporation; provided, however , that at the Effective Time, Article I of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows: “The name of the corporation is Intellisync Corporation.” At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of the Company shall be amended and restated in their entirety to be identical to the Bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, until thereafter amended in accordance with Delaware Law and as provided in such Bylaws. 1.5 Directors and Officers . Unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time, the initial directors of the Surviving Corporation shall be the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time, until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified. Unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time, the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation shall be the officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time, until their respective successors are duly appointed. In addition, unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time, Parent, the Company and the Surviving Corporation shall cause the directors and officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time to be the directors and officers, respectively, of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries immediately after the Effective Time, each to hold office as a director or officer of each such Subsidiary in accordance with the provisions of the laws of the respective jurisdiction of organization and the respective bylaws or equivalent organizational documents of each such Subsidiary. 1.6 Effect on Capital Stock . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Company, the following shall occur: (a) Company Common Stock. Each share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (together with the associated Company Rights (as defined in Section 2.2 ) under the Company Rights Agreement (as defined in Section 2.2 )) (“ Company Common Stock ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, will be canceled and extinguished and automatically converted (subject to Section 1.7 ) into the right to receive an amount of cash equal to $5.25, without interest (such amount of cash hereinafter referred to as the “ Merger Consideration ”) to be distributed in the manner provided in Section 1.8 (or in the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed 2
certificate, upon delivery of an affidavit (and bond, if required) in the manner provided in Section 1.10 ). (b) Cashed-Out Options. At the Effective Time, each Company Option that is either (A) held by any Person other than an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such Company Option, a “ Non-Employee Option ”) or (B) vested as of the Effective Time, giving effect to any acceleration of vesting resulting from the Merger (each such Company Option, a “ Vested Option ,” and together with the Non-Employee Options, the “ Cashed-Out Options ”), and, in each case, that is unexpired, unexercised and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, terminate in its entirety at the Effective Time, and the holder of each Cashed-Out Option shall be entitled to receive therefor an amount of cash (rounded down to the nearest whole cent) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock as to which such Company Option was vested and exercisable immediately prior to the Effective Time (giving effect to any acceleration of vesting resulting from the Merger), and (ii) the excess, if any, of the per share Merger Consideration over the exercise price of such Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time. Each Company Option that is not a Cashed-Out Option shall be an “ Excepted Option .” (c) Cancellation of Treasury and Parent Owned Stock . Each share of Company Common Stock held by the Company or Parent or any direct or indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company or of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled and extinguished without any conversion thereof. (d) Capital Stock of Merger Sub . Each share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Merger Sub (the “ Merger Sub Common Stock ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Surviving Corporation. After the Effective Time, each certificate evidencing ownership of shares of Merger Sub Common Stock shall evidence ownership of such shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation. (e) Employee Stock Purchase Plan . The Company shall take all actions necessary or appropriate (including shortening an offering or accelerating a purchase period), so that effective no later than the Effective Date, the Company Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ Company Purchase Plan ”) will be terminated and no participants under the Company Purchase Plan will have any further rights thereunder from and following the Effective Time. To the extent any offering period under the Company Purchase Plan is in progress prior to such termination, the Company shall ensure that such offering period shall end prior to such termination, and that each participant’s accumulated contributions for such offering period are applied towards the purchase of Company Common Stock immediately prior to such termination unless the participant has previously withdrawn from such offering period in accordance with the terms of such plan. (f) Adjustments to Merger Consideration . The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted to reflect fully the appropriate effect of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into Company Common Stock), reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification or other like change with respect to Company Common Stock having a record date on or after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any shares of Company Common Stock held by a holder who: (i) has not voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing, (ii) has perfected its rights to appraisal in accordance with Section 262 of Delaware Law and (iii) as of the Effective Time has not effectively withdrawn or lost such holder’s appraisal 3
rights (collectively, the “ Dissenting Shares ”) shall not be converted into or represent a right to receive the applicable consideration for Company Common Stock set forth in Section 1.6 , but the holder thereof shall be entitled only to such rights as are provided by Delaware Law. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 1.7(a) , if any holder of Dissenting Shares shall effectively withdraw or lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) such holder’s appraisal rights under Delaware Law, then, as of the later of the Effective Time and the occurrence of such event, such holder’s shares shall automatically be converted into and represent only the right to receive the consideration for Company Common Stock, as applicable, set forth in Section 1.6 , without interest thereon, upon surrender of the certificate representing such shares. (c) The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any written demand for appraisal received by the Company pursuant to the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and (ii) the opportunity to participate in any negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, voluntarily make any payment with respect to any such demands or offer to settle or settle any such demands. Any communication to be made by the Company to any holder of Company Common Stock with respect to such demands shall be submitted to Parent in advance and shall not be presented to any holder of Company Common Stock prior to the Company receiving Parent’s consent, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld. 1.8 Surrender of Certificates. (a) Exchange Agent . Parent shall select a national bank or trust company reasonably satisfactory to the Company to act as the exchange agent (the “ Exchange Agent ”) for the Merger and shall enter into a customary exchange agent agreement with the Exchange Agent reasonably satisfactory to the Company. (b) Parent to Provide Cash . At the Effective Time, Parent shall deliver to the Exchange Agent for exchange in accordance with this Article I , cash in an amount sufficient to pay the full amount of the Merger Consideration payable pursuant to Section 1.6(a) in exchange for outstanding shares of Company Common Stock. Any cash deposited with the Exchange Agent shall hereinafter be referred to as the “ Exchange Fund .” (c) Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record (as of the Effective Time) of a certificate or certificates (the “ Certificates ”) which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock whose shares were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6(a) : (i) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent and shall otherwise be in customary form) and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for cash constituting the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of Certificates for cancellation to the Exchange Agent together with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto and such other documents as may reasonably be required by the Exchange Agent, the holder of record of such Certificates shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the cash constituting the Merger Consideration, and the Certificates so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. Until so surrendered, outstanding Certificates will be deemed from and after the Effective Time, for all corporate purposes, to evidence the right to receive the Merger Consideration into which such shares of Company Common Stock shall have been so converted. (d) Required Withholding . Each of the Exchange Agent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any consideration payable or otherwise deliverable pursuant to 4
this Agreement to any holder or former holder of Company Common Stock such amounts as may be required to be deducted or withheld therefrom under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), or under any provision of state, local or foreign Tax law or under any other applicable Legal Requirement. To the extent such amounts are so deducted or withheld, the amount of such consideration shall be treated for all purposes under this Agreement as having been paid to the Person to whom such consideration would otherwise have been paid. (e) No Liability . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 1.8 , neither the Exchange Agent, the Surviving Corporation nor any party hereto shall be liable to a holder of shares of Company Common Stock for any amount delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law. (f) Investment of Exchange Fund . The Exchange Agent shall invest the cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent on a daily basis; provided, however, that no such investment or loss thereon shall affect the amounts payable to Company stockholders pursuant to this Article I . Any interest and other income resulting from such investment shall become a part of the Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of the amounts payable to Company stockholders pursuant to this Article I shall promptly be paid to Parent. (g) Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Certificates six months after the Effective Time shall, at the request of the Surviving Corporation, be delivered to the Surviving Corporation to be held in trust for such holders or otherwise according to the instruction of the Surviving Corporation, and any holders of Certificates who have not surrendered such Certificates in compliance with this Section 1.8 shall after such delivery to the Surviving Corporation, subject to Section 1.8(e) , look only to the Surviving Corporation solely as general creditors for the cash constituting the Merger Consideration (which shall not accrue interest) pursuant to Section 1.6(a) with respect to the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented thereby. 1.9 No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock . From and after the Effective Time, the former holders of shares of Company Common Stock will cease to have any rights with respect to such shares except as otherwise provided herein or by applicable law. After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving Corporation of shares of Company Common Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as provided in this Article I . 1.10 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event any Certificates shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, such cash constituting the Merger Consideration; provided, however , that Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as it may reasonably direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against Parent, the Company or the Exchange Agent with respect to the Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. 1.11 Further Action . At and after the Effective Time, the officers and directors of Parent and the Surviving Corporation will be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Company and Merger Sub, any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or assurances and to take and do, in the name and on behalf of Company and Merger Sub, any other actions and things necessary to vest, perfect or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation any and all right, title and interest in, to and under any of the rights, properties or assets acquired by the Surviving Corporation as a result of the Merger. 5
Article II The Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub, subject to the exceptions specifically disclosed in writing in the disclosure schedule (referencing the appropriate section or subsection; provided, however , that any information set forth in one section of the disclosure schedule shall be deemed to apply to each other section or subsection thereof to which its relevance is reasonably apparent on its face) supplied by the Company to Parent dated as of the date hereof (the “ Company Disclosure Schedule ”), as follows: 2.1 Organization; Standing and Power; Charter Documents; Subsidiaries. (a) Organization; Standing and Power . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are each a corporation or other organization duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (except, in the case of good standing, for entities organized under the laws of any jurisdiction that does not recognize such concept) and each has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as currently conducted, except where the failure to be so organized, validly existing and in good standing would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Subsidiary ,” when used with respect to any party, shall mean any corporation, association, business entity, partnership, limited liability company or other Person of which such party, either alone or together with one or more Subsidiaries or by one or more Subsidiaries (i) directly or indirectly owns or controls securities or other interests representing more than 50% of the voting power of such Person or (ii) is entitled, by Contract or otherwise, to elect, appoint or designate directors constituting a majority of the members of such Person’s board of directors or other governing body. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Contract ” shall mean any written, oral or other agreement, contract, subcontract, settlement agreement, lease, binding understanding, instrument, note, option, warranty, purchase order, license, sublicense, insurance policy, benefit plan or legally binding, commitment or arrangement, or undertaking of any nature, as in effect as of the date hereof or as may hereinafter be enforceable against the Company or its Subsidiaries. (b) Charter Documents . The Company has Made Available to Parent (i) a true and correct copy of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company, each as amended to date (collectively, the “ Company Charter Documents ”) and (ii) the certificate of incorporation and bylaws, or like organizational documents (collectively, “ Subsidiary Charter Documents ”), of each of its Subsidiaries that is a “significant subsidiary” within the meaning of Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC (a “ Significant Subsidiary ”), and each such instrument is in full force and effect. The Company is not in violation of any of the provisions of the Company Charter Documents and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is not in violation of its respective Subsidiary Charter Documents. (c) Subsidiaries . Section 2.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth each Subsidiary of the Company. Other than directors’ qualifying shares required under applicable law, the Company is the direct or indirect owner of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, each such Subsidiary and all such shares have been duly authorized, validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges, encumbrances, options and security interests of any kind or nature whatsoever (collectively, “ Liens ”), except for Permitted Liens and restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws. Other than the Subsidiaries of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests of any nature in, or any interest convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for, capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests of any nature in, any other Person. 6
(a) Capital Stock . The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of: (i) 160,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and (ii) 2,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “ Company Preferred Stock ”), 1,000,000 of which shares have been designated Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, all of which will be reserved for issuance upon the exercise of preferred stock purchase rights (the “ Company Rights ”) issuable pursuant to the Preferred Shares Rights Agreement between the Company and Computershare Investor Services LLC, dated January 13, 2003 as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated March 1, 2003 (the “ Company Rights Agreement ”). As of the close of business on November 15, 2005: (i) 67,432,362 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding (excluding shares of Company Common Stock held by the Company in its treasury), of which no shares were shares of Company Common Stock outstanding as of such date that are unvested or subject to a repurchase option or risk of forfeiture under any applicable restricted stock purchase agreement with the Company (“ Company Unvested Common Stock ”), (ii) no shares of Company Common Stock were issued and held by the Company in its treasury and (iii) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued or outstanding. No shares of Company Common Stock are owned or held by any Subsidiary of the Company. All outstanding shares of Company Common Stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to preemptive rights created by statute, the Company Charter Documents, or any agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound. (b) Company Unvested Common Stock . There are no commitments or agreements of any character to which the Company is bound obligating the Company to waive its right of repurchase or forfeiture with respect to any Company Unvested Common Stock as a result of the Merger (whether alone or upon the occurrence of any additional or subsequent events). (c) Company Options. As of the close of business on November 10, 2005: (i) 11,531,827 shares of Company Common Stock are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options to purchase Company Common Stock under the Company’s 2000 Supplemental Stock Option Plan, Amended and Restated 1993 Stock Option Plan, and the Company’s Amended and Restated 2002 Equity Incentive Plan and upon the exercise of outstanding options that were assumed by the Company in connection with various acquisitions and that were granted under the stock option plans listed on Section 2.2(c)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule (collectively, the “ Company Stock Option Plans ”) (such options, whether payable in cash, shares or otherwise granted under or pursuant to the Company Stock Option Plans are referred to in this Agreement as “ Company Options ”), the weighted average exercise price of such Company Options is $2.59 and 4,291,923 such Company Options are vested and exercisable; (ii) 2,621,819 shares of Company Common Stock are available for future grant under the Company Stock Option Plans; (iii) 667,970 shares of Company Common Stock are issuable under the Company Purchase Plan and (iv) 1,675,000 shares of Company Common Stock were subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Options outside of the Company Stock Option Plans. Section 2.2(c)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list as of November 10, 2005 of each outstanding Company Option: (a) the name of the holder of such Company Option, (b) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Option, (c) the exercise price of such Company Option, (d) the date on which such Company Option was granted or issued, (e) the Company Stock Option Plan under which such Company Option was issued and whether such Company Option is an “incentive stock option” (as defined in Section 422 of the Code) or a nonqualified stock option, (f) for each Company Option, whether such Company Option is held by a Person who is not an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (g) the extent to which such Company Option is vested and exercisable as of November 10, 2005 and (h) the date on which such Company Option expires. All shares of Company Common Stock subject to issuance under the Company Stock Option Plans and the Company Purchase Plan, upon issuance on the terms and 7
conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, would be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Section 2.2(c)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all commitments or agreements of any character to which the Company is bound obligating the Company to accelerate the vesting or exercisability of any Company Option as a result of the Merger (whether alone or upon the occurrence of any additional or subsequent events). Section 2.2(c)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth the aggregate amount credited to the accounts of participants in the Company Purchase Plan for, and as of, the end of the payroll period ending October 31, 2005. There are no outstanding or authorized stock appreciation, phantom stock, profit participation or other similar rights with respect to the Company. (d) Voting Debt . No bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (i) having the right to vote on any matters on which stockholders may vote (or which is convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having such right) or (ii) the value of which is in any way based upon or derived from capital or voting stock of the Company, are issued or outstanding as of the date hereof (collectively, “ Voting Debt ”). (e) Other Securities . Except as otherwise set forth in Section 2.2(c) or Section 2.2(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof, there are no securities, options, warrants, calls, rights, contracts, commitments, agreements, instruments, arrangements, understandings, obligations or undertakings of any kind to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound obligating (or purporting to obligate) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (including on a deferred basis) issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital stock, Voting Debt, other voting securities or any securities convertible into shares of capital stock, Voting Debt or other voting securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, grant, extend or enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment, agreement, instrument, arrangement, understanding, obligation or undertaking. There are no outstanding Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (i) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) dispose of any shares of the capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, any of its Subsidiaries. The Company is not a party to any voting agreement with respect to shares of the capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and, to the Company’s Knowledge, other than the Voting Agreements and the irrevocable proxies granted pursuant to the Voting Agreements, there are no irrevocable proxies and no voting agreements, voting trusts, rights plans, anti-takeover plans or registration rights agreements with respect to any shares of the capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them are bound. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Legal Requirements ” shall mean any federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other law, statute, constitution, principle of common law, resolution, ordinance, code, order, edict, decree, directive, rule, regulation, ruling or requirement issued, enacted, adopted, promulgated, implemented or otherwise put into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental Entity. 2.3 Authority; No Conflict; Necessary Consents. (a) Authority . The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, subject, in the case of consummation of the Merger, to obtaining the adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s stockholders as contemplated in Section 5.2 . The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and no further action is required on the part of the Company to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement or to consummate the Merger 8
and the other transactions contemplated hereby, subject only to the adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s stockholders as contemplated by Section 5.2 and the filing of the Certificate of Merger pursuant to Delaware Law. The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of Company capital stock necessary to adopt this Agreement and consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. The Board of Directors of the Company has, by resolution adopted by unanimous vote at a meeting of all Directors duly called and held and not subsequently rescinded or modified in any way (except as is permitted pursuant to Section 5.3(d) hereof) duly (i) determined that the Merger is fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and its stockholders and declared the Merger to be advisable, (ii) approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger, and (iii) recommended that the stockholders of the Company adopt this Agreement and directed that such matter be submitted to the Company’s stockholders at the Company Stockholders’ Meeting. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally and to general principles of equity. (b) No Conflict . The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company Charter Documents or any Subsidiary Charter Documents of any Significant Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) subject to obtaining the adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s stockholders as contemplated in Section 5.2 and compliance with the requirements set forth in Section 2.3(c) , conflict with or violate any Legal Requirement applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets (whether tangible or intangible) is bound or affected or (iii) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a material default) under, or to the Company’s Knowledge give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of any Company Material Contract, or result in the creation of a Lien on any of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than Permitted Liens, other than, in the cases of clauses (ii) and (iii), any of the foregoing, which individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to materially affect the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger or have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Section 2.3(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all consents, waivers and approvals required to be obtained in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby under any Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or any of their properties or assets is bound or affected, which, if individually or in the aggregate, not obtained, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or materially and adversely affect the ability of the parties hereto to consummate the Merger. (c) Necessary Consents . No consent, waiver, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with any supranational, national, state, municipal, local or foreign government, any instrumentality, subdivision, court, arbitral body, administrative agency or commission or other governmental authority or instrumentality or any quasi-governmental or private body exercising any regulatory, taxing, importing or other governmental or quasi-governmental authority having the same enforcement effect as a governmental body (a “ Governmental Entity ”) is required to be obtained or made by the Company in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger and other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, except for (i) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and 9
appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company or Parent are qualified to do business, (ii) the filing of the Proxy Statement with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (iii) the filing of the Notification and Report Forms with the United States Federal Trade Commission (“ FTC ”) and the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (“ DOJ ”) required by the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“ HSR Act ”), and the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act and such consents, waivers, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under the foreign merger control regulations identified in Section 2.3(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (iv) approval of the Company’s stockholders as contemplated in Section 5.2 , (v) such other filings and notifications as may be required to be made by the Company under federal, state or foreign securities laws or the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market and (vi) such other consents, waivers, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings which if not obtained or made would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to materially affect the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger or have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings set forth in (i) through (vi) above are referred to herein as the “ Necessary Consents .” 2.4 SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Internal Controls. (a) SEC Filings . The Company has filed all required registration statements, prospectuses, reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents (including exhibits and all other information incorporated by reference) required to be filed by it with the SEC since January 1, 2003. All such required registration statements, prospectuses, reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents, as each of the foregoing have been amended since the time of their filing (including those that the Company may file subsequent to the date hereof), are referred to herein as the “ Company SEC Reports .” As of their respective dates, the Company SEC Reports (i) were prepared in accordance with, and complied in all material respects with, the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), the Exchange Act, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as the case may be, and, in each case, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder applicable to such Company SEC Reports and (ii) did not at the time they were filed (or if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement then on the date of such filing) contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required to file any forms, reports or other documents with the SEC. The Company has Made Available to Parent complete and correct copies of all amendments and modifications effected prior to the date of this Agreement that have not yet been filed by the Company with the SEC but which are required to be filed, to Contracts and other documents that previously had been filed by the Company with the SEC and are currently in effect. The Company has Made Available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all correspondence between the SEC, on the one hand, and the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, on the other, since January 1, 2002, including all SEC comment letters and responses to such comment letters by or on behalf of the Company. To the Company’s Knowledge, as of the date hereof, none of the Company SEC Documents are the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC comment. Each of the principal executive officers of the Company and the principal financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company, as applicable) has made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under the Exchange Act or Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with respect to the Company SEC Documents. For purposes of the preceding sentence, “principal executive officer” and 10
“principal financial officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (b) Financial Statements . Each of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, any related notes thereto) contained in the Company SEC Reports (the “ Company Financials ”), including each Company SEC Report filed after the date hereof until the Closing: (i) complied as to form in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, (ii) was prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“ GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, as may be permitted by the SEC on Form 10-Q, 8-K or any successor form under the Exchange Act) and (iii) fairly and accurately presented in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective dates thereof and the consolidated results of the Company’s operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. The Company does not intend to correct in any material respect or restate and to the Company’s Knowledge, there is not any basis to correct in any material respect or restate, any of the Company Financials. The consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of July 31, 2005 contained in the Company SEC Reports is hereinafter referred to as the “ Company Balance Sheet .” Except as disclosed in the Company Financials, since the date of the Company Balance Sheet, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities (absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) of a nature required to be disclosed on a consolidated balance sheet or in the related notes to the consolidated financial statement prepared in accordance with GAAP, except for (i) liabilities incurred since the date of the Company Balance Sheet in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (ii) liabilities incurred in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby and (iii) liabilities, which individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. The Company has not had any dispute with any of its auditors regarding material accounting matters or policies during any of its past three full fiscal years or during the current fiscal year-to-date. The books and records of the Company and each Subsidiary have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with applicable legal and accounting requirements, and the Financial Statements are consistent with such books and records. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off-balance sheet partnership or any similar off-balance sheet Contract relating to any transaction or relationship between or among the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any unconsolidated affiliate, including any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose Person, on the other hand, or any “off-balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K of the SEC). (c) Internal Controls . The Company has established and maintains a system of internal controls over financial reporting required by Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act sufficient to provide reasonable assurances regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, including policies and procedures that (i) require the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries is promptly made known to the officers responsible for establishing and maintaining the system of internal controls, (iii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company and its Subsidiaries are being made only in accordance with the appropriate authorizations of management and the Board of Directors of the Company, (iv) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries and (v) provide reasonable assurance that any significant deficiencies or 11
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls which are reasonably likely to materially and adversely affect the ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information, and any fraud, whether or not material, that involves the Company’s management that could have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries, are adequately and promptly disclosed to the Company’s independent auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, the Company’s independent auditors have identified or been made aware of (i) any significant deficiency or material weakness in the system of internal controls utilized by the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, by the Company’s management or other Employees in the preparation of financial statements or the internal controls utilized by the Company and its Subsidiaries or (iii) any claim or allegation regarding any of the foregoing. (d) The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures required by Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act are reasonably designed in all material respects to ensure that all material information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 2.5 Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Since the date of the Company Balance Sheet through the date hereof, there has not been, accrued or arisen: (a) any Material Adverse Effect on the Company; (b) any acquisition by the Company or any Subsidiary of, or agreement by the Company or any Subsidiary to acquire by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing any assets for an amount in excess of $200,000 individually or $500,000 in the aggregate in any one transaction or equity securities of, or by any other manner, any business or corporation, partnership, association or other business organization or division thereof; or other acquisition or agreement to acquire any assets for consideration in excess of $200,000 individually or $500,000 in the aggregate in any one transaction or any equity securities, in each case, that are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any solicitation of, or participation in, any negotiations with respect to any of the foregoing; (c) any entry into, amendment or termination by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any Contract, agreement in principle, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding or similar agreement with respect to a joint venture, or similar partnership; (d) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend on, or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of, any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ capital stock, or any purchase, redemption or other acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ capital stock or any other securities of the Company or any options, warrants, calls or rights to acquire any such shares or other securities except for repurchases from Employees following their termination pursuant to the terms of their pre-existing agreements; (e) any split, combination or reclassification of any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ capital stock; (f) any granting by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether orally or in writing, of any increase base salary payable (i) to officers of the Company or any Subsidiary or (ii) to any non-officer employees of the Company or any Subsidiary whose annual cash compensation is in excess of $150,000 with such increases to non-officer employees in the aggregate not exceeding five percent (5%) of the Company’s payroll as of the date of this Agreement, and in either case other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; 12
(g) with respect to any employees or directors, any change by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of severance, termination or bonus policies and practices (excluding sales commissions) or any entry by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries into any currently effective employment, severance, termination or indemnification agreement or any other employee agreement the benefits of which are contingent or the terms of which are materially altered upon the occurrence of a transaction involving the Company of the nature contemplated hereby (either alone or upon the occurrence of additional or subsequent events); (h) any amendment, termination or waiver with respect to any Company Material Contract other than in the ordinary course of business; (i) any Contract entered into by the Company or any Subsidiary relating to its assets or business (including the acquisition or disposition of any assets or property) or any relinquishment by the Company or any Subsidiary of any Contract or other right, in each case having a stated contract amount or involving obligations or entitlements with a value of more than $100,000 in each individual case (other than Contracts with customers, distributors and suppliers entered into in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice); (j) any material change by the Company in its accounting methods, principles or practices, except as required by concurrent changes in GAAP; (k) any debt, capital lease or other debt or equity financing transaction by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or entry into any agreement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with any such transaction, except for capital leases entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice which are not, individually or in the aggregate, material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (l) any grants of any material refunds or credits, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any customer, reseller or distributor, in each case, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; (m) any material change in the level of product returns or policies relating to accounts receivable or reserves, bad debts or rights to accounts receivable experienced by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in excess of amounts reserved or accrued therefor on the Company Balance Sheet; (n) any material restructuring activities by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including any reductions in force that would be subject to the terms of WARN or similar state or local law, or any lease terminations or restructuring of contracts; (o) any sale, lease, license, encumbrance or other disposition of any properties or assets except the sale, lease, license or disposition of property or assets which are not material, individually or in the aggregate, to the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the licenses of current Company Products, in each case, in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice; (p) any loan, advance or capital contribution by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to, or investment in, any Person other than (A) loans or advances to employees in connection with business related travel and expenses, in each case in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices or (B) loans, advances or capital contributions or investments by the Company to or in any wholly-owned Subsidiary, by any wholly-owned Subsidiary in the Company, or by wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company in any other wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company; (q) any material purchases of fixed assets or other long term assets other than in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice; 13
(r) any adoption of or change in any material election in respect of Taxes, adoption or change in any accounting method in respect of Taxes, agreement or settlement of any claim or assessment in respect of Taxes, or extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any claim or assessment in respect of Taxes; (s) any material revaluation, or any indication that such a revaluation is required under GAAP, by the Company of any of its assets, including, without limitation, writing down the value of long term or short-term investments, fixed assets, goodwill, intangible assets, deferred tax assets, or writing off notes or accounts receivable other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or (t) any significant deficiency or material weakness identified in the system of internal controls utilized by the Company and its Subsidiaries. (a) Definition of Taxes . For the purposes of this Agreement, “ Tax ” or “ Taxes ” shall mean (i) any and all federal, state, local and foreign taxes, assessments and other governmental charges, duties, impositions and liabilities relating to taxes, including taxes based upon or measured by gross receipts, income, profits, sales, use and occupation, and value added, ad valorem , transfer, franchise, withholding, payroll, recapture, employment, excise and property taxes as well as public imposts, fees and social security charges (including health, unemployment, workers’ compensation and pension insurance), together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed with respect to such amounts and any obligations under any agreements or arrangements with any other person with respect to such amounts and including any liability for taxes of a predecessor entity. (b) Tax Returns and Audits. (i) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have (a) timely filed or caused to be filed all material federal, state, local and foreign returns, estimates, information statements and reports (“ Returns ”) required to be filed by it relating to Taxes concerning or attributable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and such Returns are true, correct, and complete and (b) timely paid or withheld (and timely paid over any withheld amounts to the appropriate Governmental Entity) all material Taxes required to be paid or withheld whether or not shown as due on any Return, other than Taxes for which an adequate reserve has been accrued or established on the Company Financials. (ii) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material Tax deficiency or adjustment outstanding, assessed or proposed against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries executed any waiver of any statute of limitations on or extending the period for the assessment or collection of any material Tax. (iii) No audit or other examination of any material Return of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is presently in progress, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries been notified of any request for such an audit or other examination. (iv) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has constituted either a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code. (v) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction that is the same as or substantially similar to one of the types of tax avoidance transactions that the Internal Revenue Service identified by notice, regulation, or other form of published guidance as a listed transaction, as set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.6011-4(b)(2). 14
(vi) The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all material terms and conditions of any material Tax exemption, Tax holiday or other Tax reduction agreement or order of a territory or non-U.S. government, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not have any adverse effect on the continued validity and effectiveness of any such Tax exemption, Tax holiday or other Tax reduction agreement or order. (vii) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (a) ever been a member of an affiliated group (within the meaning of Code § 1504(a)) filing a consolidated federal income Return (other than a group the common parent of which was Company), (b) ever been a party to any Tax sharing, indemnification or allocation agreement, (c) any liability for the Taxes of, or determined by reference to the Tax liability of, any person (other than Company or any of its Subsidiaries), under Treasury Regulation § 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract or agreement, or otherwise and (d) ever been a party to any joint venture, partnership or other arrangement that could be treated as a partnership for Tax purposes. (viii) Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries will be required to include any income or gain or exclude any deduction or loss from taxable income as a result of (a) any change in method of accounting under Section 481(c) of the Code made during a taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date, (b) closing agreement under Section 7121 of the Code executed on or prior to the Closing Date, (c) deferred intercompany gain or excess loss account under Treasury Regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or in the case of each of (a), (b) and (c), under any similar provision of applicable state or local income Tax law), (d) installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date or (e) prepaid amount received on or prior to the Closing Date. (a) Properties . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any real property. Section 2.7(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all real property currently leased, licensed or subleased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or otherwise used or occupied by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the “ Leased Real Property ”). With respect to all such current leases which are material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, all Lease Documents are in full force and effect, are valid and effective in accordance with their respective terms, and there is not, under any of the Lease Documents, any existing breach, default or event of default (or event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) by the Company or its Subsidiaries or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any third Person under any of the Lease Documents, in each case subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally and to general principles of equity. Except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, (i) no parties other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have a right to occupy any material Leased Real Property, (ii) the Leased Real Property is used only for the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (iii) the Leased Real Property and the physical assets of the Company and the Subsidiaries are in good condition and repair and regularly maintained in accordance with standard industry practice, (iv) the Leased Real Property is in compliance with Legal Requirements and (v) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to incur any material cost or expense for any restoration or surrender obligations upon the expiration or earlier termination of any leases or other occupancy agreements for the Leased Real Property. 15
(b) Documents . The Company has Made Available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all Contracts under which the Leased Real Property is currently leased, licensed, subleased, used or occupied by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (“ Lease Documents ”). (c) Valid Title . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have good and valid title to, or, in the case of leased properties and assets, valid leasehold interests in, all of their material tangible properties and assets, real, personal and mixed, reflected in the latest Company Financials included in the Company SEC Reports, free and clear of any Liens except (i) as reflected in the Company Balance Sheet, (ii) (A) statutory liens for Taxes or other payments that are not yet due and payable; (B) statutory liens to secure obligations to landlords, lessors or renters under leases or rental agreements; (C) deposits or pledges made in connection with, or to secure payment of, workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance or similar programs mandated by Legal Requirements; (D) statutory liens in favor of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics and materialmen, to secure claims for labor, materials or supplies and other like liens; and (E) statutory purchase money liens (clauses (A), (B), (C) and (D) collectively, the “Permitted Liens” ) and (iii) such imperfections of title and encumbrances, if any, which do not materially impair the continued use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby, or otherwise materially impair business operations at such properties. The rights, properties and assets presently owned, leased or licensed by the Company and its Subsidiaries include all rights, properties and assets necessary to permit the Company and its Subsidiaries to conduct their business in all material respects in the same manner as their businesses have been conducted prior to the date hereof. 2.8 Intellectual Property . Definitions . For all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings: “ Company Intellectual Property ” shall mean any and all Intellectual Property and Intellectual Property Rights that are owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries. “ Company Products ” shall mean all products and services developed or under development, including, but not limited to, the products and services that are listed on Section 2.8 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, owned, made, provided, distributed, imported, sold or licensed out by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries. “ Company Registered Intellectual Property ” shall mean the patent, trademark, copyright and Internet domain name applications and registrations filed in the name of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. “ Intellectual Property ” shall mean any or all of the following: (i) works of authorship, including computer programs, source code, and executable code, whether embodied in software, firmware or otherwise, documentation, designs, files, and records, (ii) inventions (whether or not patentable), discoveries, improvements, and technology, (iii) proprietary and confidential information, trade secrets and know how, (iv) databases, data compilations and collections and technical data, (v) logos, trade names, trade dress, trademarks and service marks, (vi) domain names, web addresses and sites and (vii) tools, schematics, netlists, methods and processes. “ Intellectual Property Rights ” shall mean worldwide common law and statutory rights associated with (i) patents and patent applications, (ii) copyrights, copyright registrations and copyright applications and “moral rights,” (iii) trade and industrial secrets and confidential information (including customer lists, customer contact information, customer correspondence and customer licensing and purchasing histories relating to its current and former customers) (“ Trade Secrets ”), (iv) other proprietary rights relating to intangible intellectual property, (v) trademarks, trade names and service marks, (vi) divisions, continuations, renewals, reissuances and extensions of the foregoing (as applicable) and (vii) the right to enforce and recover remedies for any of the foregoing. 16
Open Source ” shall mean Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property Rights that constitute open source, public source or freeware Intellectual Property, or any modification or derivative thereof, including any version of any software licensed pursuant to any GNU general public license or GNU lesser general public license or other software that is licensed pursuant to a license that purports to require licensees who distribute such software to distribute it in Source Code form for no additional charge. “ Shrink-Wrapped Code ” shall mean generally commercially available off-the-shelf software code or programs. “ Source Code ” shall mean computer software and code, in a form other than object code form, including related programmer comments and annotations, which may be printed out or displayed in human readable form. (a) No Default/No Conflict . The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will neither violate nor by their terms result in the material breach, material modification, cancellation, termination, suspension of, or acceleration of any payments with respect to any Contract providing for the license or other use of Company Intellectual Property, or the license or other use by the Company or its Subsidiaries of Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property Rights of a third Person, in each case which is material to the business of the Company (“ Intellectual Property Contracts ”). Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is in compliance with, and has not breached any term of any such Intellectual Property Contract and, to the Company’s Knowledge, all other parties to such Intellectual Property Contracts are in compliance with, and have not breached any term thereof. Following the Closing Date, the Surviving Corporation will be permitted to exercise all of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights under such Intellectual Property Contracts to the same extent the Company and its Subsidiaries would have been able to had the transactions contemplated by this Agreement not occurred and without the payment of any additional amounts or consideration other than ongoing fees, royalties or payments which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay. (b) No Infringement . To the Company’s Knowledge, the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted, including the sale and distribution of the material Company Products by the Company does not infringe or misappropriate, any Intellectual Property Rights of any third Person, or violate any right to privacy or publicity of any third Person or constitute unfair competition or trade practices under the laws of any jurisdiction in which the Company and its Subsidiaries currently do business. To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not intentionally refrained from commencing operations in any other jurisdiction due to fear of infringement litigation. (c) Notice . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received notice in writing, (or to the Company’s Knowledge, otherwise) from any third Person claiming that the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any material Company Product sold or distributed by the Company or its Subsidiaries or material Company Intellectual Property infringes or misappropriates any Intellectual Property Rights of any third Person, violates any rights to privacy or publicity or constitutes unfair competition or trade practices under the laws of any jurisdiction in which the Company and its Subsidiaries currently do business. (d) No Third Party Infringers. Within the past three years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have asserted or threatened in writing any claim against any Person alleging any infringement, misappropriation or violation of any Company Intellectual Property. (e) Transaction. To the Company’s Knowledge, no Intellectual Property Contract will require, based solely upon this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including any assignment to Parent by operation of law as a result of the Merger of any Intellectual Property 17
Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party: (i) Parent, any of Parent’s affiliates or the Surviving Corporation to grant to any third party to such Intellectual Property Contract any incremental right to or with respect to or non assertion under any Intellectual Property Rights owned by, or licensed to Parent, its subsidiaries or the Surviving Corporation, (ii) Parent, any of Parent’s affiliates or the Surviving Corporation, to be bound by, or to be subject to, any incremental non-compete or other incremental material restriction on the operation or scope of their respective businesses, (iii) Parent, any of Parent’s affiliates or the Surviving Corporation to pay any incremental royalties or other material amounts, or offer any incremental discounts, to any third party or (iv) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to attempt to procure from Parent or any of Parent’s affiliates a license grant or covenant not to assert under any Intellectual Property Contract. As used in this Section 2.8(e) , an “incremental” right, non compete, restriction, royalty or discount refers to a right, non-compete, restriction, royalty or discount, as applicable, in excess, whether in terms of contractual term, contractual rate or scope, of those that would have been required to be offered or granted by Parent, its subsidiaries or the Surviving Entity, as applicable, had the parties to this Agreement not entered into this Agreement or consummated the transactions contemplated hereby. (f) Intellectual Property . The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to maintain and protect the material Company Intellectual Property. Without limiting the foregoing, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has taken commercially reasonable steps to require current or former employees, consultants and contractors of the Company or any Subsidiary that have created any material Company Intellectual Property to assign to the Company or its Subsidiaries all of their right, title and interest in such material Company Intellectual Property, and to the Company’s Knowledge, no party to any such agreement is in breach thereof. (g) No Order . There are no consents, settlements, judgments, injunctions, decrees, awards, stipulations, orders or, inter partes decisions, or government-imposed written or statutory obligations to which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party or are otherwise bound, that do or, to the Company’s Knowledge, may: (i) restrict the rights of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to use, transfer, license or enforce any of its Intellectual Property Rights, (ii) restrict the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in order to accommodate a third party’s Intellectual Property Rights or (iii) grant any third party any right with respect to any Company Intellectual Property Rights. (h) Open Source . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has established an informal policy that is designed to identify Open Source. To the Company’s Knowledge, no Open Source has been used in, incorporated into, integrated or bundled with, or used in the development or compilation of, any current material Company Product sold or distributed by the Company or its Subsidiaries. To the Company’s Knowledge, there has been no material deviation from or material violation of the Company’s policies with respect to Open Source. (i) Source Code . Section 2.8(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each Intellectual Property Contract pursuant to which the Company has deposited with an escrow agent or any other Person, any of its Source Code. The execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in a release of any Company Source Code or the grant of incremental rights to a Person with regard to such Source Code. To the Company’s Knowledge, no event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) will, or would reasonably be expected to, result in the disclosure or delivery by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any Person acting on their behalf, to any Person of any Company Source Code under any Intellectual Property Contract, and no such Source Code has been disclosed, delivered (other than as set forth in Section 2.8(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule) or licensed to a third party. 18
(j) Software . To the Company’s Knowledge, all material Company Products currently licensed or sold or distributed by the Company, and, all applicable material Company Intellectual Property (and all parts thereof) are free of: (i) any material defects, including, without limitation, any material error or omission in the processing of any transactions and (ii) any material disabling codes or instructions and any “back door,” “time bomb,” “Trojan horse,” “worm,” “drop dead device,” “virus” or other software routines or hardware components that permit unauthorized access or the unauthorized disruption, impairment, disablement or erasure of such material Company Product or material Company Intellectual Property (or all parts thereof) or data or other software of users (“ Contaminants ”). (k) Information Technology . The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps and implemented commercially reasonable procedures to ensure that information technology systems used in connection with the operation of the Company and its Subsidiaries are free from Contaminants. The Company and its Subsidiaries have appropriate disaster recovery plans, procedures and facilities for the business and have taken all commercially reasonable steps to safeguard the information technology systems utilized in the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as it is currently conducted. To the Company’s Knowledge, there have been no unauthorized intrusions or material breaches of the security of the information technology systems. The Company and its Subsidiaries have implemented commercially reasonable security patches or upgrades that are generally available to the Company for the Company’s information technology systems where, in the Company’s reasonable judgment, such patches or upgrades are required. (l) Licenses-In . Other than (i) licenses to Shrink-Wrapped Code, (ii) licenses to Open Source as set forth in Section 2.8(h) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (iii) non-disclosure agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, Section 2.8(l) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all Contracts that are material to the business of the Company to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been granted or provided any rights to Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property Rights by a third party. To the Company’s Knowledge, all Contracts providing for the license or other use of Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property Rights of a third Person by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that are material to the business of the Company are in full force and effect, and enforceable in accordance with their terms. (m) Licenses-Out . Other than (i) written non-disclosure agreements and (ii) non-exclusive licenses and related agreements with respect thereto (including software and maintenance and support agreements) of current Company Products to end-users (in each case, pursuant to written agreements that have been entered into in the ordinary course of business that do not materially differ in substance from the Company’s standard form(s)), Section 2.8(m) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists Contracts providing for the license or other use of Company Intellectual Property to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party representing the Company’s top twenty customers in revenue for the last three fiscal years. All Contracts providing for the license or other use of Company Intellectual Property that are material to the business of the Company are in full force and effect, and to the Company’s Knowledge, enforceable in accordance with their terms. (n) Trade Secrets . (i) The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect their Trade Secrets, and any Trade Secrets of third parties provided to the Company as Trade Secrets, according to the laws of the applicable jurisdictions where such Trade Secrets are developed, practiced or disclosed, (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have used commercially reasonable efforts to enforce a policy requiring all personnel and third parties having access to such Trade Secrets to execute a written agreement which provides reasonable protection for such Trade Secrets, (iii) except pursuant to such agreements, there has been no disclosure by the Company or any 19
of its Subsidiaries of any such Trade Secrets and (iv) to the Company’s Knowledge, no party to any such agreement is in breach thereof. (o) Privacy . To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied with all applicable laws relating to privacy, data protection, and the collection, processing and use of personal information. The Company and its Subsidiaries have complied with their respective internal privacy policies and guidelines, if any, relating to privacy, data protection, and the collection, processing and use of personal information. The Company and its Subsidiaries take commercially reasonable measures to ensure that such information is protected against unauthorized access, use or, modification. True copies of the Company’s privacy policies and guidelines have been Made Available to Parent. (p) Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights . Section 2.8(p) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all Company Registered Intellectual Property, identifying in each case the status, filing/grant dates and issuance/registration/application number, thereof as applicable. The Company or its Subsidiaries own all right, title, and interest free and clear of all encumbrances, in and to all material Company Intellectual Property, and with respect to the material United States Company Registered Intellectual Property, the Company or its Subsidiaries are listed in the records of the appropriate United States authority as the sole owner for each item thereof. (q) Validity and Enforceability . To the Company’s Knowledge, (i) the material Company Intellectual Property is subsisting, in full force and effect, is valid and enforceable, and (in the case of material Company Registered Intellectual Property) has not expired or been cancelled or abandoned, except where such expiration, cancellation or abandonment is consistent with the exercise of reasonable business judgment; and (ii) all necessary registration, maintenance and renewal fees currently due have been made for the purposes of maintaining such material Company Registered Intellectual Property. 2.9 Restrictions on Business Activities . Except for the Contracts set forth on Section 2.8(h) and (m) of the Company Disclosure Schedule or as otherwise listed on the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is party to or bound by any Contract containing any covenant (a) limiting in any material respect the right of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to engage or compete in any line of business or to compete with any Person or which limits in any material respect the right of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make use of any material Company Intellectual Property, (b) granting any exclusive distribution rights, (c) providing “most favored nations” terms for Company Products, or (d) which otherwise materially affects in an adverse manner the right of the Company and its Subsidiaries to sell, distribute or manufacture any Company Products. 2.10 Governmental Authorizations . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, each consent, license, permit, grant or other authorization (i) pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries currently operates or holds any material interest in any of their respective properties or (ii) which is required for the operation of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ business as currently conducted or the holding of any such interest (“ Governmental Authorizations ”) has been issued or granted to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, and are in full force and effect. As of the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notification from a Governmental Entity regarding any pending suspension or cancellation of any of the Governmental Authorizations and, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened suspension or cancellation. Section 2.10 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all antitrust approvals required to be obtained in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. 2.11 Litigation . As of the date of this Agreement, there is no material action, suit, claim or proceeding pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened or reasonably anticipated against the 20
Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties (tangible or intangible). As of the date of this Agreement, there is no material investigation or other proceeding pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened or reasonably anticipated against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties (tangible or intangible) by or before any Governmental Entity. There are not currently, nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, have there been since January 1, 2002, any internal investigations or inquiries being conducted by the Company, the Company’s Board of Directors (or any committee thereof) or any third party at the request of any of the foregoing concerning any financial, accounting, tax, conflict of interest, illegal activity, fraudulent or deceptive conduct or other misfeasance or malfeasance involving the Company, its Subsidiaries or thei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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