Exhibit 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
BY AND AMONG
YDI WIRELESS, INC.
T-REX ACQUISITION CORPORATION
AND
TERABEAM CORPORATION
DATED AS OF APRIL 14, 2004
<PAGE>
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT
AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement") is made and entered
into as of April 14, 2004 among YDI
WIRELESS, INC., a Delaware corporation
("Parent"), T-REX ACQUISITION CORPORATION,
a Washington corporation and a wholly
owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub"),
and TERABEAM CORPORATION, a
Washington corporation (the "Company").
RECITALS
A. Upon
the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement and
in
accordance with the Washington Business
Corporation Act (the "Washington
Corporate Law"), Parent and the Company
will enter into a business combination
transaction pursuant to which Merger Sub
will merge with and into the Company
(the "Merger").
B. The
Board of Directors of each of the Company, Parent, and Merger
Sub
(i) has determined that the Merger is in
the best interests of each company and
their respective stockholders and (ii) has
approved this Agreement, the Merger,
and the other transactions contemplated by
this Agreement.
C. The
Company, Parent, and Merger Sub desire to make certain
representations and warranties and other
agreements in connection with the
Merger.
D. The
parties intend, by executing this Agreement, to adopt a plan of
reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Code").
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants, promises and
representations set forth herein, and for
other good and valuable consideration,
the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby acknowledged, the parties agree
as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1 The Merger. At the Effective Time (as defined in Section
1.2)
and subject to and upon the terms and
conditions of this Agreement and the
applicable provisions of the Washington
Corporate Law, Merger Sub shall be
merged with and into the Company, the
separate corporate existence of Merger Sub
shall cease, and the Company shall continue
as the surviving corporation. The
Company as the surviving corporation after
the Merger is hereinafter sometimes
referred to as the "Surviving Corporation."
At the Effective Time, the purpose
of the Surviving Corporation shall be to
conduct and engage in all lawful
activities and business to the maximum
extent permitted by the Washington
Corporate Law.
1
<PAGE>
1.2 Effective Time. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement,
the
parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be
consummated by filing Articles of
Merger (the "Articles of Merger") with the
Secretary of State of the State of
Washington in accordance with the relevant
provisions of the Washington
Corporate Law (the time of such filing or
such subsequent date or time as the
parties shall agree and specify in the
Articles of Merger being the "Effective
Time") as soon as practicable on or after
the Closing Date (as herein defined).
The closing of the Merger (the "Closing")
shall take place at the offices of the
Parent at a time and date to be specified
by the parties, which shall be no
later than the second business day after
the satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or at
such other time, date, and location as
the parties hereto agree (the "Closing
Date").
1.3 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of
the
Merger shall be as provided in this
Agreement and the applicable provisions of
the Washington Corporate Law. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing,
and subject thereto, at the Effective Time,
all the property, rights,
privileges, powers, and franchises of the
Company and Merger Sub shall vest in
the Surviving Corporation, and all debts,
liabilities, and duties of the Company
and Merger Sub shall become the debts,
liabilities, and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
1.4 Articles of Incorporation; By-laws.
(a) Unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the
Effective Time, at the Effective Time, the
Articles of Incorporation of Merger
Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be the Articles
of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation until thereafter amended as
provided by law and such Articles of
Incorporation; provided, however, that
Article 1 of the Articles of Incorporation
of the Surviving Corporation shall be
amended to read as follows: "The name of
the corporation is Terabeam
Corporation." At the Effective Time, the
authorized capital stock of the
Surviving Corporation shall be 3,000 shares
of common stock, no par value per
share.
(b) The By-laws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior
to the Effective Time, shall be the By-laws
of the Surviving Corporation until
thereafter amended.
1.5 Directors and Officers. The directors of Merger Sub shall be
the
initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation, until their respective
successors are duly elected or appointed
and qualified. The officers of Merger
Sub shall be the initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation, until their
respective successors are duly elected or
appointed and qualified.
1.6 Effect on Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of
the
Merger and without any action on the part
of Merger Sub, the Company, or the
holders of any of the following
securities:
(a) Conversion of Company Common Stock. Each share of Company
Voting Stock and of Company Nonvoting Stock
(as those terms are defined in
Section 2.2(a)) issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time
(other than any shares of Company Common
Stock (as defined in Section 2.2(a)) to
be canceled pursuant to Section 1.6(b) and
Company Dissenting Shares (as defined
in Section 1.6(c) below)) will be canceled
and extinguished and be automatically
converted (subject to Sections 1.6(f) and
(g)) into the right to
2
<PAGE>
receive either: (i) 0.220 shares of common
stock, par value $0.01 per share, of
Parent (the "Parent Common Stock") if the
Volume-Weighted Average Price of the
Parent Common Stock over the twenty (20)
consecutive trading days ending three
(3) trading days prior to the Closing Date
(the "Measurement Period") is equal
to, or less than, $5.40 per share (as
adjusted for stock splits, combinations,
recapitalizations and the like); or (ii)
0.200 shares of Parent Common Stock if
the Volume-Weighted Average Price of the
Parent Common Stock over the
Measurement Period is above $5.40 per share
(as adjusted for stock splits,
combinations, recapitalizations and the
like) (in either case, the "Exchange
Ratio"), together with cash in lieu of
fractional shares pursuant to Section
1.6(g) below (collectively, the "Merger
Consideration"), and the right to
receive a certificate therefor, upon
surrender of the certificate representing
such share of Company Common Stock in the
manner provided in Section 1.7 (or in
the case of a lost, stolen, or destroyed
certificate, upon delivery of an
affidavit (and bond, if required) in the
manner provided in Section 1.9).
Certificates representing shares of Parent
Common Stock issued in connection
with the Merger shall be issued in
accordance with Section 1.7 below. For
purposes of this Agreement, the
"Volume-Weighted Average Price" of Parent Common
Stock shall be equal to the sum of "X" for
each trading day during the
Measurement Period (each such day, a
"Subject Day") as calculated using the
following formula:
X = ((Y +Z) / 2) * (A/B)
where X =
the weighted
average price component for the Subject Day
(rounded to the nearest penny).
Y = the highest
sale price of Parent Common Stock on the Subject
Day as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board
(http://www.otcbb.com).
Z =
the lowest sale
price of Parent Common Stock on the Subject
Day as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board.
A = the total
number of shares of Parent Common Stock traded on
the Subject Day as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board.
B = the total
number of shares of Parent Common Stock traded
during the Measurement Period as reported by the OTC Bulletin
Board.
(b) Cancellation of Company-Owned Stock. Each share of Company
Common Stock owned by any direct or
indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the
Company immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be canceled and
extinguished without any conversion
thereof.
(c) Dissenting Shares. Notwithstanding anything in this
Agreement to the contrary, shares of
Company Common Stock that have not been
voted for adoption of this Agreement and
with respect to which appraisal rights
shall have been properly perfected in
accordance with Chapter 23B.13 of the
Washington Corporate Law (the "Company
Dissenting Shares") shall not be
converted into the right to receive the
Merger Consideration in accordance with
this Agreement, at or after the Effective
Time, unless and until the holder of
such Company Dissenting Shares withdraws
its demand for such appraisal in
accordance with the Washington
3
<PAGE>
Corporate Law or becomes ineligible for
such appraisal. If a holder of Company
Dissenting Shares shall withdraw its demand
for such appraisal in accordance
with the Washington Corporate Law or shall
become ineligible for such appraisal,
then, as of the later of the Effective Time
or the occurrence of such event,
such holder's Company Dissenting Shares
shall cease to be Company Dissenting
Shares and shall be deemed to have
converted as of the Effective Time into the
right to receive the Merger Consideration
into which its Company Common Stock
would otherwise have converted as of the
Effective Time pursuant to this
Agreement. The Company shall give prompt
notice to Parent of any demands
received by the Company for appraisal of
any shares of capital stock of the
Company, and Parent shall have the right to
participate in all negotiations,
proceedings, and settlements with respect
to such demands. Before the Effective
Time, the Company shall not, without the
prior written consent of Parent, which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld,
make any payment with respect to, or
settle or offer to settle, any such demands
or agree to do any of the foregoing.
(d) Stock Options and Warrants. All options and warrants to
purchase Company Common Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be treated in accordance with
Section 5.11 hereof.
(e) Capital Stock of Merger Sub. Each share of Common Stock,
par value $.01 per share, of Merger Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be converted
into and exchanged for one validly
issued, fully paid, and nonassessable share
of Common Stock, par value $.01 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation. Each
stock certificate of Merger Sub
evidencing ownership of any such shares
shall continue to evidence ownership of
such shares of capital stock of the
Surviving Corporation.
(f) Adjustments to Exchange Ratio. If between the date hereof
and the Effective Time, the outstanding
shares of Parent Common Stock or Company
Common Stock shall be changed into a
different number of shares by reason of any
reclassification, recapitalization,
reorganization, split-up, combination or
exchange of shares, or if any dividend
payable in stock or other securities
shall be declared thereon with a record
date within such period, the Exchange
Ratio shall be adjusted accordingly to
provide to the holders of Company Common
Stock the same economic benefit as was
contemplated by this Agreement prior to
such reclassification, recapitalization,
reorganization, split-up, combination,
exchange, or dividend. For the purposes of
avoiding any ambiguity, any
conversions of Company Nonvoting Stock into
Company Voting Stock shall not
affect the Exchange Ratio.
(g) Fractional Shares. No fraction of a share of Parent Common
Stock will be issued by virtue of the
Merger, but in lieu thereof each holder of
shares of Company Common Stock who would
otherwise be entitled to a fraction of
a share of Parent Common Stock (after
aggregating all fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock to be received by such
holder) shall receive from Parent,
without interest, an amount of cash
(rounded to the nearest whole cent) equal to
the product of (i) such fraction,
multiplied by (ii) the Volume-Weighted Average
Price of the Parent Common Stock over the
Measurement Period.
1.7
Surrender of Certificates.
4
<PAGE>
(a) Exchange Agent. Registrar and Transfer Company, or another
similar institution selected by Parent,
shall act as the exchange agent (the
"Exchange Agent") in the Merger.
(b) Parent to Provide Common Stock. Promptly after the
Effective Time, Parent shall make available
to the Exchange Agent for exchange
in accordance with this Article I, through
such reasonable procedures as Parent
may adopt, the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.6 in
exchange for outstanding shares of Company
Common Stock and cash in an amount
sufficient for payment in lieu of
fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.6(g).
(c) Exchange Procedures. Promptly after the Effective Time,
the Surviving Corporation shall cause to be
mailed to each holder of record of a
certificate or certificates (the
"Certificates") which immediately prior to the
Effective Time represented outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock whose
shares were converted into the right to
receive shares of Parent Common Stock
and cash in lieu of fractional shares
pursuant to Section 1.6, (i) a letter of
transmittal (which shall specify that
delivery shall be effected, and risk of
loss and title to the Certificates shall
pass, only upon delivery of the
Certificates to the Exchange Agent and
shall be in such form and have such other
provisions as Parent may reasonably
specify) and (ii) instructions for use in
effecting the surrender of the Certificates
in exchange for certificates
representing shares of Parent Common Stock
and cash in lieu of fractional
shares. Upon surrender of a Certificate for
cancellation to the Exchange Agent
or to such other agent or agents as may be
appointed by Parent, together with
such letter of transmittal, duly completed
and validly executed in accordance
with the instructions thereto, the holder
of such Certificate shall be entitled
to receive in exchange therefor a
certificate representing the number of whole
shares of Parent Common Stock and cash in
lieu of fractional shares which such
holder has the right to receive pursuant to
Section 1.6, and the Certificate so
surrendered shall forthwith be canceled.
Until so surrendered, each outstanding
Certificate that, prior to the Effective
Time, represented shares of Company
Common Stock will be deemed from and after
the Effective Time, for all corporate
purposes other than the payment of
dividends, to evidence the right to receive
the number of full shares of Parent Common
Stock into which such shares of
Company Common Stock shall have been so
converted and the right to receive a
certificate representing shares of Parent
Common Stock and an amount in cash in
lieu of the issuance of any fractional
shares in accordance with Section 1.6.
(d) Distributions With Respect to Unexchanged Shares. No
dividends or other distributions declared
or made after the date of this
Agreement with respect to Parent Common
Stock with a record date after the
Effective Time will be paid to the holder
of any unsurrendered Certificate with
respect to the shares of Parent Common
Stock represented thereby until the
holder of record of such Certificate shall
surrender such Certificate. Subject
to applicable law, following surrender of
any such Certificate, there shall be
paid to the record holder of the
certificates representing whole shares of
Parent Common Stock issued in exchange
therefor, without interest, at the time
of such surrender, the amount of dividends
or other distributions with a record
date after the Effective Time payable with
respect to such whole shares of
Parent Common Stock.
5
<PAGE>
(e) Transfers of Ownership. If any certificate for shares of
Parent Common Stock is to be issued in a
name other than that in which the
certificate surrendered in exchange
therefor is registered, it will be a
condition of the issuance thereof that the
certificate so surrendered will be
properly endorsed and otherwise in proper
form for transfer and that the person
requesting such exchange will have paid to
Parent or any agent designated by it
any transfer or other taxes required by
reason of the issuance of a certificate
for shares of Parent Common Stock in any
name other than that of the registered
holder of the certificate surrendered, or
established to the satisfaction of
Parent or any agent designated by it that
such tax has been paid or is not
payable.
(f) No Liability. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in
this Section 1.7, none of the Exchange
Agent, the Surviving Corporation, or any
party hereto shall be liable to a holder of
shares of Parent Common Stock or
Company Common Stock for any amount
properly paid to a public official pursuant
to the requirements of any applicable
abandoned property, escheat or similar
law.
1.8 No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock. All
shares of Parent Common Stock issued upon
the surrender for exchange of shares
of Company Common Stock in accordance with
the terms hereof (including any cash
paid in respect thereof) shall be deemed to
have been issued in full
satisfaction of all rights pertaining to
such shares of Company Common Stock,
and, after the Effective Time, there shall
be no further registration of
transfers on the records of the Surviving
Corporation of shares of Company
Common Stock which were outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time. If,
after the Effective Time, Certificates are
presented to the Surviving
Corporation for any reason, they shall be
canceled and exchanged as provided in
this Article I.
1.9 Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Certificates. In the event any
certificates evidencing shares of Company
Common Stock shall have been lost,
stolen, or destroyed, the Exchange Agent
shall, upon the making of an affidavit
of that fact by the holder thereof, issue
in exchange for such shares of Company
Common Stock such shares of Parent Common
Stock and cash in lieu of fractional
shares as may be required pursuant to
Section 1.6; provided, however, that
Parent may, in its discretion and as a
condition precedent to the issuance
thereof, require the owner of such lost,
stolen, or destroyed certificates to
deliver an affidavit of lost certificate
and indemnity agreement on such terms
as it may reasonably specify and, if
required by the Exchange Agent, a bond in
such sum as the Exchange Agent may
reasonably specify as indemnity against any
claim that may be made against Parent, the
Surviving Corporation, or the
Exchange Agent with respect to the
certificates alleged to have been lost,
stolen, or destroyed.
1.10 Tax Consequences. It is intended by the parties hereto that
the
Merger shall constitute a reorganization
within the meaning of Section 368 of
the Code.
1.11 Taking of Necessary Actions; Further Action. If, at any
time
after the Effective Time, any other action
is necessary or desirable to carry
out the purposes of this Agreement and to
vest the Surviving Corporation with
full right, title, and possession to all
assets, property, rights, privileges,
powers, and franchises of the Company and
Merger Sub, the officers and directors
of the Company and Merger Sub are fully
authorized in the name of their
6
<PAGE>
respective corporations or otherwise to
take, and will take, all such lawful and
necessary action, so long as such action is
consistent with this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The
Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub, subject
to
the exceptions specifically disclosed in
the disclosure letter supplied by the
Company to Parent (the "Company Letter")
and dated as of the date hereof, as
follows:
2.1 Organization of the Company. The Company is a corporation
duly
organized and validly existing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its
incorporation, has the corporate power to
own, lease, and operate its property
and to carry on its business as now being
conducted, and is duly qualified to do
business and in good standing as a foreign
corporation in each jurisdiction in
which the failure to be so qualified would
have a Material Adverse Effect (as
defined below) on the Company. The Company
does not own any subsidiaries and
does not directly or indirectly own any
equity or similar interest in, or any
interest convertible into or exchangeable
or exercisable for any interest in,
any corporation, partnership, joint
venture, or other business association or
entity other than the securities of any
publicly traded entity held for
investment only and constituting less than
5% of the outstanding capital stock
of any such entity. For purposes of this
Agreement, the term "subsidiary" means
any Person (other than a natural person) of
which the Company or Parent, as the
case may be, owns, either directly or
indirectly, a majority of the total
combined voting power of all classes of
equity thereof having general voting
power under ordinary circumstances to elect
a majority of the board of directors
or its equivalent. The Company has made
available to counsel for Parent a true
and correct copy of the Articles of
Incorporation and By-laws of the Company and
similar governing instruments of its
material subsidiaries, each as amended to
date. For purposes of this Agreement,
"Material Adverse Effect" shall mean a
material adverse effect on the business,
properties, assets (including
intangible assets), financial condition, or
results of operations of a Person
(as defined below), taken as a whole, but
shall not include any of the foregoing
arising out of, related to, or otherwise by
virtue of (a) conditions affecting
the economy or the financial markets
generally (except to the extent that such
conditions have a disproportionate adverse
effect on such Person compared to
other companies similarly situated as to
size, financial strength, and/or other
relevant factors), (b) the announcement of
or pendency of any of the
transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, (c) events, circumstances, or
conditions generally affecting the industry
in which such Person operates
(except to the extent that such events,
circumstances, or conditions have a
disproportionate adverse effect on such
Person compared to other companies
similarly situated as to size, financial
strength, and/or other relevant
factors), (d) any change in law or
generally accepted accounting principles, (e)
as to Parent, any change in the market
price or trading volume of the securities
of such Person (provided, that if such
change in market price or trading volume
is caused by an underlying cause or effect
which would otherwise constitute a
Material Adverse Effect, such underlying
cause or effect shall nonetheless
continue to constitute and qualify
hereunder as a Material Adverse Effect), or
(f) as to the Company, any action, effect,
circumstance, change or condition
resulting from, or directly or indirectly
connected with or related to, the Cost
Reduction Plan (as defined in Section 4.1
below). For purposes of this
7
<PAGE>
Agreement, "Person" shall mean any natural
person, corporation, general
partnership, limited partnership, limited
liability company, proprietorship, or
other business organization.
2.2 Company Capital Structure
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
300,000,000 shares of Common Stock, no par
value per share, with voting rights
("Company Voting Stock"), 50,000,000 shares
of Common Stock, no par value,
without voting rights ("Company Nonvoting
Stock" and, together with the Company
Voting Stock, the "Company Common Stock"),
and 100,000,000 shares of preferred
stock. As of April 8, 2004, 47,006,125
shares of Company Voting Stock were
issued and outstanding, no shares of
Company Nonvoting Stock were issued and
outstanding, and no shares of preferred
stock were issued or outstanding. All
such shares have been duly authorized, and
all such issued and outstanding
shares have been validly issued, are fully
paid and nonassessable, and are free
of any liens or encumbrances other than any
liens or encumbrances created by or
imposed upon the holders thereof. Since
December 31, 2003, there have been no
changes in the capital structure of the
Company other than issuances of Company
Common Stock upon the exercise of
outstanding options and warrants. The Company
has provided to Parent a true and correct
list of all holders of shares of
Company Common Stock as of April 8, 2004,
showing the stockholder's name,
address, type of Company Common Stock held,
and number of shares held.
(b) As of April 8, 2004, (i) the Company had reserved
3,558,593 shares of Company Voting Stock
for issuance upon exercise of warrants,
16,555,881 shares of Company Voting Stock
for issuance upon exercise of stock
options, and 28,427,730 shares of Company
Nonvoting Stock for issuance upon
exercise of stock options, (ii) there were
warrants outstanding to purchase
3,558,593 shares of Company Voting Stock,
(iii) there were options outstanding
to purchase 16,555,881 shares of Company
Voting Stock, and (iv) there were
options outstanding to purchase 28,427,730
shares of Company Nonvoting Stock.
All of the options were issued pursuant to
the Company Stock Option Plans (as
defined in Section 5.11 below). All shares
of Company Common Stock subject to
issuance as aforesaid have been duly
authorized and, upon issuance on the terms
and conditions specified in the instruments
pursuant to which they are issuable,
will be validly issued, fully paid, and
nonassessable. Since December 31, 2003,
there have been no amendments of any
Company stock options or warrants. The
Company has provided to Parent a true and
correct list of all holders of
warrants or options to buy shares of
Company Common Stock as of April 8, 2004,
showing the security holder's name,
address, type of Company Common Stock that
may be purchased, number of warrants or
options held, exercise price of the
warrants or options, and expiration date of
the warrants or options.
(c) All securities issued by the Company, including stock,
options, and warrants, both currently
outstanding and formerly outstanding, were
validly issued in transactions exempt from
the registration requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act") and in accordance with
any applicable state securities laws.
(d) The Company has provided to Parent copies of (i) all proxy
statements relating to the Company's
meetings of stockholders (whether annual or
special) held since January 1, 2000, (ii)
all information statements relating to
stockholder actions since January 1, 2000,
(iii) all other reports, letters,
notices, and other documents relating to
the
8
<PAGE>
purchase, sale, or repurchase of Company
securities provided to the Company's
stockholders, option holders, or warrant
holders since January 1, 2000, and (iv)
all amendments and supplements to all such
proxy statements, information
statements, and other documents. As of
their respective dates, the materials
described in clauses (i) through (iv) above
(y) were prepared in material
compliance with all requirements of law and
regulations applicable to such
materials and (z) did not at the time they
were provided to Company security
holders contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading.
2.3 Obligations With Respect to Capital Stock.
(a) Except as set forth in Section 2.2, there are no equity
securities of any class of the Company, or
any security convertible or
exchangeable into or exercisable for such
equity securities, issued, reserved
for issuance, or outstanding. Except as set
forth in Section 2.2, there are no
options, warrants, equity securities,
calls, rights, commitments, or agreements
of any character to which the Company is a
party or by which it is bound
obligating the Company to issue, deliver,
or sell, or cause to be issued,
delivered, or sold, additional shares of
capital stock of the Company or
obligating the Company to grant, extend,
accelerate the vesting of, or enter
into any such option, warrant, equity
security, call, right, commitment, or
agreement.
(b) There are no registration rights, and there is no voting
trust, proxy, rights agreement, "poison
pill" anti-takeover plan or other
agreement or understanding to which the
Company is a party or by which it is
bound with respect to any security of any
class of the Company or with respect
to any security, partnership interest, or
similar ownership interest of any
class of any of its subsidiaries. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement
by the Company, the performance by the
Company of its obligations hereunder, and
consummation by the Company of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement
will not, alone or together with any other
event, nor has any event occurred
that would, (i) entitle any Person to any
payment under or for any security,
option, warrant, call, right, commitment,
or agreement of the Company or (ii)
result in an acceleration of vesting, a
change in post-service exercisability
period, or an adjustment to the exercise
price or number of shares issuable upon
exercise of any security, option, warrant,
call, right, commitment, or agreement
of the Company.
2.4 Authority.
(a) The Company has all requisite corporate power and
authority to enter into this Agreement and
to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly authorized
by all necessary corporate action on the
part of the Company, subject only to
the approval of the Merger by the vote of
the holders of at least two-thirds
(2/3) of the Company Voting Stock issued
and outstanding on the record date for
the Company Stockholders' Meeting. This
Agreement has been duly executed and
delivered by the Company and constitutes
the valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms, except as
enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy
and other similar laws and general
principles of equity. The execution and
delivery
9
<PAGE>
of this Agreement by the Company does not,
and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby will not,
conflict with, or result in any
violation of, or default under (with or
without notice or lapse of time, or
both), or give rise to a right of
termination, cancellation or acceleration of
any obligation or loss of any benefit under
(i) any provision of the Articles of
Incorporation or By-laws of the Company or
(ii) any material mortgage,
indenture, lease, contract or other
agreement, or any material permit,
concession, franchise, license, judgment,
order, decree, statute, law,
ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to
the Company or its properties or
assets.
(b) No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or
registration, declaration or filing with,
any court, administrative agency or
commission or other governmental authority
or instrumentality ("Governmental
Entity"), is required by or with respect to
the Company in connection with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement by
the Company or the consummation by
the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby, except for (i) the filing
of the Articles of Merger with the
Washington Secretary of State, (ii) the
filing of the Permit Application, the
Hearing Notice, and the Information
Statement (as those terms are defined in
Section 5.1 below) with the California
Commissioner (as defined in Section 5.1
below), (iii) filings and other items
that may be required in connection with the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust
Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the
"HSR Act"), (iv) such other consents,
approvals, orders, authorizations,
registrations, declarations and filings as
may be required under applicable federal
and state securities laws and the laws
of any foreign country, and (v) such other
consents, authorizations, filings,
approvals and registrations which, if not
obtained or made, would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
2.5 SEC Filings; Company Financial Statements.
(a) The Company has never had any securities registered under
the Securities Act. The Company has never
been subject to the periodic reporting
and other requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act") and regulations promulgated
pursuant thereto. The Company has
not ever filed, or been obligated or
required to file, any forms, reports, or
other documents with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC").
(b) The Company has furnished Parent with copies of its
audited consolidated financial statements
for the fiscal years ended December
31, 2000, 2001, and 2002 and with copies of
its unaudited consolidated financial
statements for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2003 (collectively, including
in each case any related notes thereto, the
"Company Financial Statements").
Each of the Company Financial Statements
(i) was prepared in accordance with
United States generally accepted accounting
principles ("GAAP") applied on a
consistent basis throughout the periods
involved (except as may be indicated in
the notes thereto) and (ii) fairly
presented the financial position of the
Company at and as of the respective dates
thereof and the results of its
operations, cash flows, and changes in
stockholders' equity (if presented) for
the periods indicated. The unaudited
balance sheet of the Company as of December
31, 2003 provided by the Company to Parent
is hereinafter referred to as the
"Company Balance Sheet."
10
<PAGE>
2.6 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except with respect to
the
actions contemplated by this Agreement,
since the date of the Company Balance
Sheet, the Company has conducted its
business only in the ordinary course and in
a manner consistent with past practice and,
since such date, there has not been
(a) any Material Adverse Effect on the
Company or any development that
reasonably would be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
(b) any material liability (direct or
contingent) which did not arise in the
ordinary course of business, or (c) any
other action or event that would have
required the consent of Parent pursuant to
Section 4.1 had such action or event
occurred after the date of this
Agreement.
2.7 Taxes.
(a) Definition of Taxes. For the purposes of this Agreement,
"Tax" or "Taxes" refers to any and all
federal, state, local and foreign taxes,
assessments and other government charges,
duties, impositions and liabilities
relating to taxes, including taxes based
upon or measured by gross receipts, net
operating losses, income, profits, sales,
use and occupation, and value added,
ad valorem, transfer, franchise,
withholding, payroll, recapture, employment,
excise and property taxes, together with
all interest, penalties and additions
imposed with respect to such amounts and
any obligations under any agreements or
arrangements with any other person with
respect to such amounts and including
any liability for taxes of a predecessor
entity.
(b) Tax Returns and Audits.
(i) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has timely
filed all federal, state, local and foreign
returns, estimates, information
statements and reports ("Returns") relating
to Taxes required to be filed by the
Company and each of its subsidiaries,
except such Returns which are not material
to the Company. All such Returns were
correct and complete in all material
respects. Each of the Company and its
subsidiaries has paid all Taxes due and
owing by the Company and its subsidiaries
(whether or not shown on any Tax
Return). The Company is not currently the
beneficiary of any extension of time
within which to file any Return.
(ii) Except as is not material to the Company, the
Company will have withheld as of the
Effective Time with respect to its
employees all income Taxes, FICA, FUTA, and
other Taxes required to be withheld.
(iii) Except as is not material to the Company, neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has
been delinquent in the payment of
any Tax nor is there any Tax deficiency
outstanding, proposed or assessed
against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries, nor has the Company or any of
its subsidiaries executed any waiver of any
statute of limitations on or
extending the period for the assessment or
collection of any Tax.
(iv) Except as is not material to the Company, no audit
or other examination of any Return of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries is
presently in progress, nor has the Company
been notified of any request for such
an audit or other examination.
11
<PAGE>
(v) The Company does not have any liability for unpaid
Taxes which have not been accrued for or
reserved against on the Company Balance
Sheet in accordance with GAAP, whether
asserted or unasserted, contingent or
otherwise, which is material to the
Company, except liability for unpaid Taxes
which have accrued since the date of the
Company Balance Sheet in the ordinary
course of business.
(vi) None of the Company's assets is treated as
"tax-exempt use property" within the
meaning of Section 168(h) of the Code.
(vii) There is no contract, agreement, plan or
arrangement, including but not limited to
the provisions of this Agreement,
covering any employee or former employee of
the Company or any of its
subsidiaries that, individually or
collectively, could give rise to the payment
of any amount for which a deduction will be
disallowed by reason of Sections
280G, 404 or 162(b) through (o) of the
Code.
(viii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries
has filed any consent agreement under
Section 341(f) of the Code or agreed to
have Section 341(f)(2) of the Code apply to
any disposition of a subsection (f)
asset (as defined in Section 341(f)(4) of
the Code) owned by the Company or any
of its subsidiaries.
(ix) The Company is not, and has not been at any time, a
"United States real property holding
corporation" within the meaning of Section
897(c)(2) of the Code.
(x) The Company is not a party to any tax allocation or
sharing agreement. None of the Company and
its subsidiaries (A) has been a
member of an Affiliated Group (within the
meaning of Section 1504(a) of the
Code, or any similar group defined under a
similar provision of state, local, or
foreign law) filing a consolidated federal
Return (other than a group the common
parent of which was the Company) or (B) has
any liability for the taxes of any
person (other than any of the Company and
its subsidiaries) under Treas. Reg.
ss.1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of
state, local, or foreign law), as a
transferee or successor, by contract, or
otherwise.
(xi) The Company has furnished Parent with a list of all
federal, state, local, and foreign Tax
Returns filed with respect to the Company
and its subsidiaries for taxable periods
ended on or after January 1, 2000,
which list indicates those Tax Returns that
have been audited. The Company has
delivered to Parent correct and complete
copies of all federal income Tax
Returns, examination reports, and
statements of deficiencies assessed against,
or agreed to by the Company and its
subsidiaries since January 1, 2000.
(xii) To
the Company's knowledge, the Company will not
be required to include any item of income
in, or exclude any item of deduction
from, taxable income for any taxable period
(or portion thereof) ending after
the Closing Date as a result of any (A)
change in method of accounting for a
taxable period ending on or prior to the
Closing Date; (B) "closing agreement"
as described in Code ss. 7121 (or any
corresponding or similar provision of
state, local or foreign income Tax law)
executed on or prior to the Closing
Date; (C) intercompany transactions or any
excess loss account described in
Treasury Regulations under
12
<PAGE>
Code ss. 1502 (or any corresponding or
similar provision of state, local or
foreign income Tax law); (D) installment
sale or open transaction disposition
made on or prior to the Closing Date; or
(E) prepaid amount received on or prior
to the Closing Date.
2.8 Absence of Liens and Encumbrances. The Company has good and
valid title to, or, in the case of leased
properties and assets, valid leasehold
interests in, all of its material tangible
properties and assets, real, personal
and mixed, used in its business, free and
clear of any liens or encumbrances
except as reflected in the Company
Financial Statements and except for liens for
taxes not yet due and payable and such
imperfections of title and encumbrances,
if any, which are not material in
character, amount, or extent, and which do not
materially detract from the value, or
materially interfere with the present use,
of the property subject thereto or affected
thereby.
2.9 Intellectual Property.
(a) The Company, directly or indirectly, owns, or is licensed
or otherwise possesses legally enforceable
rights to use, all patents,
trademarks, trade names, service marks,
copyrights, and any applications
therefor, maskworks, net lists, schematics,
technology, know-how, computer
software programs or applications (in both
source code and object code form),
and tangible or intangible proprietary
information or material (excluding
Commercial Software as defined in Paragraph
(c) below) that are material to the
business of the Company as currently
conducted or as proposed to be conducted by
the Company (the "Company Intellectual
Property Rights").
(b) The Company is not in violation of any license,
sublicense, or agreement related directly
to the Company Intellectual Property
Rights except such violations as do not
materially impair the Company's rights
under such license, sublicense, or
agreement. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by the Company, and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby, will neither cause the Company to
be in violation or default under any
such license, sublicense, or agreement, nor
entitle any other party to any such
license, sublicense, or agreement to
terminate or modify such license,
sublicense, or agreement except such
violations or defaults as do not materially
impair the Company's rights under such
license, sublicense, or agreement. No
material claims with respect to the Company
Intellectual Property Rights have
been asserted or, to the knowledge of the
Company, are threatened by any Person
nor, to the knowledge of the Company, are
there any valid grounds for any bona
fide material claims (i) to the effect that
the manufacture, sale, licensing, or
use of any of the products of the Company
as now manufactured, sold, licensed,
or used or proposed for manufacture, sale,
licensing, or use by the Company
infringes on any copyright, patent, trade
mark, service mark, or trade secret,
(ii) against the use by the Company of any
trademarks, service marks, trade
names, trade secrets, copyrights, patents,
technology, know-how, or computer
software programs and applications used in
the Company's business as currently
conducted or as proposed to be conducted,
or (iii) challenging the ownership by
the Company, validity, or effectiveness of
any of the Company Intellectual
Property Rights. All material registered
trademarks, service marks, and
copyrights held by the Company are valid
and subsisting. To the knowledge of the
Company, there is no material unauthorized
use, infringement, or
misappropriation of any of the Company
Intellectual Property Rights by any third
party, including any employee or former
employee of the Company. No Company
Intellectual Property Right owned by the
Company or
13
<PAGE>
product of the Company, or, to the
knowledge of the Company, Company
Intellectual Property Right licensed by the
Company is subject to any
outstanding decree, order, judgment, or
stipulation restricting in any manner
the licensing thereof by the Company.
(c) "Commercial Software" means packaged commercially
available software programs generally
available to the public through retail
dealers in computer software which have
been licensed to the Company (or, in the
case of Section 3.9, to Parent) pursuant to
end-user licenses and which are used
in the Company's business (or in Parent's
business in the case of Section 3.9)
but are in no way a component of or
incorporated in or specifically required to
develop or support any of the Company's (or
of Parent's in the case of Section
3.9) products and related trademarks,
technology and know-how.
2.10 Agreements, Contracts and Commitments. The Company does
not
have, nor is it a party to or bound by:
(a) any collective bargaining agreements;
(b) any bonus, deferred compensation, incentive compensation,
pension, profit-sharing or retirement
plans, or any other employee benefit plans
or arrangements;
(c) any employment or consulting agreement, contract or
commitment with any officer or
director-level employee, not terminable by the
Company on thirty days' notice without
liability, except to the extent general
principles of wrongful termination law may
limit the Company's ability to
terminate employees at will;
(d) any agreement or plan, including, without limitation, any
stock option plan, stock appreciation right
plan or stock purchase plan, any of
the benefits of which will be increased, or
the vesting of benefits of which
will be accelerated, by the occurrence of
any of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement or the value of any of
the benefits of which will be
calculated on the basis of any of the
transactions contemplated by this
Agreement;
(e) any agreement, contract or commitment (excluding real and
personal property leases) which involves
payment by the Company of $100,000 or
more (excluding amounts which are already
owing by the Company at the date of
the Company Balance Sheet) and is not
cancelable without penalty within thirty
(30) days;
(f) any
agreement under which the Company is restricted from
selling, licensing, or otherwise
distributing any of its products to any class
of customers, in any geographic area,
during any period of time, or in any
segment of the market; or
(g)
any agreement under which the Company is restricted from
entering into any line of business,
introducing any products, undertaking any
activities, or competing with any other
person or entity in any line of
business, in any geographic area, during
any period of time, or in any segment
of the market.
2.11 No Default. The Company has not breached in any material
respect, or received in writing any claim
or threat that it has breached in any
material respect, any of the
14
<PAGE>
terms or conditions of any (i) agreement,
contract or commitment that was or is
material to the business of the Company or
(ii) any agreement under which the
Company licenses from a third party any
Company Intellectual Property Rights
included in the Company's products in such
a manner as would permit any other
party to cancel or terminate the same or
would permit any other party to seek
material damages from the Company
thereunder. Each of the agreements, contracts
and commitments referred to in clauses (i)
and (ii) above that has not expired
or been terminated in accordance with its
terms is in full force and effect and,
except as otherwise disclosed, is not
subject to any material default thereunder
of which the Company is aware by any party
obligated to the Company pursuant
thereto.
2.12 Governmental Authorization. The Company holds all permits,
licenses, variances, exemptions, orders and
approvals of all Governmental
Entities which are material to the
operation of the Company's business as
currently conducted (the "Company
Permits"). The Company is in material
compliance with the terms of the Company
Permits. The business of the Company is
not being conducted in violation of any
law, ordinance or regulation of any
Governmental Entity, except for violations
or possible violations which
individually or in the aggregate would not
have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. As of the date of this Agreement,
no investigation or review by any
Governmental Entity with respect to the
Company is pending or, to the knowledge
of the Company, threatened, nor to the
knowledge of the Company, has any
Governmental Entity indicated an intention
to conduct the same, other than, in
each case, those the outcome of which would
not have a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company.
2.13 Litigation. There is no action, suit, proceeding, claim,
arbitration or investigation pending, or as
to which the Company has received
any notice of assertion nor, to the
Company's knowledge, is there a reasonable
basis to expect such notice of assertion
against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries which it is reasonable to
expect that, if determined adversely to
the Company, would have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company.
2.14
Environmental Matters. Neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has been or is currently in
material violation of any applicable
statute, law or regulation relating to the
environment or occupational health
and safety ("Environmental and Occupational
Laws"). The Company has all permits
and other governmental authorizations
currently required by all applicable
statutes, laws or regulations relating to
the environment or occupational health
and safety necessary for the conduct of its
business. Neither the Company nor
any of its subsidiaries has received any
communication from a Governmental
Entity, or any written communication from
any Person other than a Governmental
Entity, that alleges that it is not in full
compliance with Environmental or
Occupational Laws, except for matters
alleging items which would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
There is no claim of a violation of
Environmental and Occupational Laws pending
or, to the knowledge of the Company,
threatened against the Company, except for
matters alleging items which would
not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
2.15 Brokers' and Finders' Fees. Except for fees payable to
Perseus
Group pursuant to the engagement letter
between the Company and Perseus, a copy
of which has been provided to Parent, the
Company has not incurred, nor will it
incur, directly or indirectly, any
15
<PAGE>
liability for brokerage or finders' fees or
agents' commissions or any similar
charges in connection with this Agreement,
the Merger, or any transaction
contemplated hereby.
2.16 Labor Matters. There are no pending or, to the Company's
knowledge, threatened material claims
against the Company under any workers'
compensation plan or policy or for
long-term disability. The Company has
complied in all material respects with all
applicable provisions of the
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation
Act of 1985 ("COBRA") and has no
material obligations with respect to any
former employees or qualifying
beneficiaries thereunder.
2.17 Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) The Company has made available to Parent (i) accurate and
complete copies of all Benefit Plan
documents and all other material documents
relating thereto, including (if applicable)
all summary plan descriptions,
summary annual reports and insurance
contracts, (ii) accurate and complete
detailed summaries of all unwritten Benefit
Plans, (iii) accurate and complete
copies of the most recent financial
statements and actuarial reports with
respect to all Benefit Plans for which
financial statements or actuarial reports
are required or have been prepared, and
(iv) accurate and complete copies of all
annual reports for all Benefit Plans (for
which annual reports are required)
prepared within the last three years.
"Benefit Plans" means all employee benefit
plans within the meaning of Section 3(3) of
the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"),
and any related or separate
contracts, plans, trusts, programs,
policies, agreements, practices, or other
arrangements, in each case whether formal
or informal, that provide benefits of
economic value to any present or former
employee of the Company (or, in the case
of Section 3.17, Parent) or present or
former beneficiary, dependent or assignee
of any such employee or former
employee.
(b) All Benefit Plans of the Company conform (and at all times
have conformed) in all material respects
to, and are being administered and
operated (and have at all time been
administered and operated) in material
compliance with, the requirements of ERISA,
the Code and all other applicable
laws or governmental regulations. All
returns, reports and disclosure statements
required to be made under ERISA and the
Code with respect to all Benefit Plans
have been timely filed or delivered. There
have not been any "prohibited
transactions," as such term is defined in
Section 4975 of the Code or Section
406 of ERISA involving any of the Benefit
Plans, that could subject the Company
to any material penalty or tax imposed
under the Code or ERISA.
(c) Each Benefit plan intended to be qualified under Section
401(a) of the Code and each trust intended
to qualify under Section 501(a) of
the Code has either (i) applied for, prior
to the expiration of the requisite
remedial amendment period under applicable
Treasury Regulations or IRS
pronouncements, but has not yet received a
response; (ii) obtained a favorable
determination, notification, advisory
and/or opinion letter, as applicable, on
which the employer is entitled to rely, as
to its qualified status from the IRS
since January 1, 2000; or (iii) still has a
remaining period of time to apply
for such a determination letter from the
IRS and to make any amendments
necessary to obtain a favorable
determination and nothing has occurred since the
date of the most recent determination that
could reasonably be expected to cause
any such Benefit Plan or trust to fail to
qualify under Section 401(a) or 501(a)
of the Code.
16
<PAGE>
(d) The Company does not sponsor, nor has it ever sponsored, a
defined benefit plan subject to Title IV of
ERISA, nor has it ever had any
obligation to contribute to any
multiemployer plan (as defined in Section 3(37)
of ERISA). The Company does not have any
material liability with respect to any
employee benefit plan (as defined in
Section 3(3) of ERISA) other than with
respect to the Benefit Plans. For purposes
of this Section 2.17, the term "the
Company" shall include any corporation that
is a member of any controlled group
of corporations (as defined in Section
414(b) of the Code) that includes the
Company, any trade or business (whether or
not incorporated) that is under
common control (as defined in Section
414(c) of the Code) with the Company, any
organization (whether or not incorporated)
that is a member of an affiliated
service group (as defined in Section 414(m)
of the Code) that includes the
Company and any other entity required to be
aggregated with the Company pursuant
to the regulations issued under Section
414(o) of the Code.
(e) There are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company,
threatened claims by or on behalf of any
Benefit Plans, or by or on behalf of
any individual participants or
beneficiaries of any Benefit Plans, alleging any
breach of fiduciary duty on the part of the
Company or any of its officers,
directors or employees under ERISA or any
other applicable regulations, or
claiming benefit payments (other than those
made in the ordinary operation of
such plans), nor is there, to the knowledge
of the Company, any basis for such
claim, except in any such case as
reasonably would not be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The
Benefit Plans are not the subject of
any pending (or to the knowledge of the
Company, any threatened) investigation
or audit by the Internal Revenue Service,
the Department of Labor or the Pension
Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC").
(f) The Company has timely made all required contributions
under the Benefit Plans.
(g) With respect to any Benefit Plan that is an employee
welfare benefit plan (within the meaning of
Section 3(1) of ERISA) (a "Welfare
Plan"), (i) each Welfare Plan for which
contributions are claimed by the Company
as deductions under any provision of the
Code is in material compliance with all
applicable requirements pertaining to such
deduction, (ii) with respect to any
welfare benefit fund (within the meaning of
Section 419 of the Code) related to
a Welfare Plan, there is no disqualified
benefit (within the meaning of Section
4976(b) of the Code) that would result in
the imposition of a tax under Section
4976(a) of the Code, (iii) any Benefit Plan
that is a group health plan (within
the meaning of Section 4980B(g)(2) of the
Code) complies, and in each and every
case has complied, with all of the
applicable material requirements of Section
4980B of the Code, ERISA, Title XXII of the
Public Health Service Act and the
Social Security Act, and (iv) all Welfare
Plans may be amended or terminated at
any time on or after the Closing Date. No
Benefit Plan provides any health, life
or other welfare coverage to employees of
the Company beyond termination of
their employment with the Company by reason
or retirement or otherwise, other
than coverage as may be required under
Section 4980B of the Code or Part 6 of
ERISA, or under the continuation of
coverage provisions of the laws of any state
or locality.
2.18 Compliance With Laws. Each of the Company and its
subsidiaries
has complied in all material respects with,
is not in material violation of, and
has not received any notices of violation
with respect to, any federal, state or
local statute, law or regulation with
17
<PAGE>
respect to the conduct of its business, or
the ownership or operation of its
business, except in any such case as
reasonably would not be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
2.19 Information Statement, Permit Application, and Hearing
Notice.
The written information supplied by the
Company for inclusion in the Permit
Application shall not, at the time the
Permit Application is filed with the
California Commissioner, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit
to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in light of
the circumstances under which they
are made, not misleading. Subject to the
accuracy of Parent's representations
and warranties in Section 3.19 below, each
of the Hearing Notice to be sent to
securityholders of the Company in
connection with the Hearing (as defined in
Section 5.1) and the Information Statement
to be sent to the stockholders of the
Company in connection with the meeting of
the Company's stockholders to consider
the Merger (the "Company Stockholders'
Meeting") shall not, on the date it is
filed with the California Commissioner, on
the date it is first mailed to the
Company's stockholders, at the time of the
Company Stockholders' Meeting, or at
the Effective Time (in each case as
supplemented or amended through such time),
contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or
necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they are made, not false or
misleading; or omit to state any material
fact necessary to correct any
statement in any earlier communication with
respect to the solicitation of
proxies for the Company Stockholders'
Meeting which has become false or
misleading. If at any time prior to the
Effective Time any information relating
to the Company or any of its affiliates,
officers, or directors shall be
discovered by the Company which is required
to be set forth in an amendment or
supplement to the Permit Application, the
Information Statement, and/or the
Hearing Notice, the Company shall promptly
inform Parent. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the Company makes no
representation or warranty with respect to any
information supplied by Parent or Merger
Sub which is contained in the Permit
Application, the Information Statement,
and/or the Hearing Notice.
2.20 Board
Approval. On or prior to the date of this Agreement, the
Board of Directors of the Company, by
resolutions duly adopted by unanimous
approval of those voting at a meeting duly
called and held and not subsequently
rescinded or modified in any way, has duly
(a) determined that this Agreement
and the Merger are fair and in the best
interests of the Company and its
stockholders, (b) approved this Agreement
and the Merger and determined that the
execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement is desirable, and (c)
recommended that the stockholders of the
Company approve and adopt this
Agreement and directed that this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated
hereby be submitted for consideration by
the Company's stockholders at the
Company Stockholders' Meeting.
2.21 Fairness Opinion. The Company has received a written
opinion
from Perseus Group dated on or about the
date hereof, that the Exchange Ratio is
fair to the Company's stockholders from a
financial point of view and has
delivered to Parent a copy of such
opinion.
2.22 Antitakeover Laws Not Applicable. No "fair price,"
"business
combination," "moratorium," "control share
acquisition" or other form of
antitakeover statute or
18
<PAGE>
regulation (a "Takeover Statute"),
including Chapter 23B.19 of the Washington
Corporate Law, is or will be applicable (as
to the Company) to the execution,
delivery, or performance of this Agreement
or the consummation of the Merger or
the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
2.23 Full Disclosure. Neither this Agreement nor any written
statement, report, or other document
furnished by the Company pursuant to this
Agreement or in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby with
respect to the Company, taken as a whole,
contains any untrue statement of a
material fact or omits to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the
statements contained herein or therein, in
light of the circumstances under
which they are made, not false or
misleading.
2.24 FIRPTA. The Company Common Stock is not a "U.S. Real
Property
Interest" as defined in Treasury Regulation
Section 1.897-2(h)(2).
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
Parent and
Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company, subject to the
exceptions specifically disclosed in the
disclosure letter supplied by Parent to
the Company (the "Parent Letter") and dated
as of the date hereof, as follows:
3.1 Organization of Parent and Merger Sub. Each of Parent, its
material subsidiaries, and Merger Sub is a
corporation duly organized, validly
existing, and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its
incorporation, has the corporate power to
own, lease, and operate its property
and to carry on its business as now being
conducted, and is duly qualified to do
business and in good standing as a foreign
corporation in each jurisdiction in
which the failure to be so qualified would
have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent. Except as set forth in the Parent
SEC Reports (as defined below in
Section 3.5) filed with the SEC prior to
the date of this Agreement, Parent
owns, directly or indirectly through one or
more subsidiaries, 100% of the
capital stock of each of its subsidiaries
and does not directly or indirectly
own any equity or similar interest in, or
any interest convertible into or
exchangeable or exercisable for any
interest in, any corporation, partnership,
joint venture, or other business
association or entity other than the securities
of any publicly-traded entity held for
investment only and constituting less
than 5% of the outstanding capital stock of
any such entity. Parent has made
available to counsel for the Company a true
and correct copy of the Certificate
of Incorporation and By-laws of Parent and
the Articles of Incorporation and
By-laws of Merger Sub, and similar
governing instruments of its material
subsidiaries, each as amended to date.
3.2 Capital Structure.
(a) The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of
100,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock
and 4,500,000 shares of Preferred
Stock, $.01 par value. As of April 8, 2004,
14,263,488 shares of Parent Common
Stock were issued and outstanding and no
shares of preferred stock of Parent
were issued or outstanding. The authorized
capital stock of Merger Sub consists
of 3,000 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par
value, 100 shares of which, as
19
<PAGE>
of the date hereof, are issued and
outstanding and are held by Parent. All such
shares have been duly authorized, and all
such issued and outstanding shares
have been validly issued, are fully paid
and nonassessable, and are free of any
liens or encumbrances other than any liens
or encumbrances created by or imposed
upon the holders thereof. Since December
31, 2003, there have been no changes in
the capital structure of Parent other than
issuances of Parent Common Stock upon
the exercise of outstanding options and
warrants.
(b) As of April 8, 2004, (i) Parent had reserved 389,626
shares of Parent Common Stock for issuance
upon exercise of warrants and
1,309,750 shares of Parent Common Stock for
issuance upon exercise of stock
options, (ii) there were warrants
outstanding to purchase 389,626 shares of
Parent Common Stock, and (iii) there were
options outstanding to purchase
866,246 shares of Parent Common Stock. All
of the outstanding options were
issued pursuant to Parent's 1986 Stock
Plan, 1987 Stock Plan, 1996 Stock Plan,
1997 Stock Plan, 1999 Stock Plan, 2001
Nonqualified Stock Option Plan, or 2002
Stock Incentive Plan (collectively, the
"Parent Stock Option Plan"). All shares
of Parent Common Stock subject to issuance
as aforesaid have been duly
authorized and, upon issuance on the terms
and conditions specified in the
instruments pursuant to which they are
issuable, will be validly issued, fully
paid, and nonassessable. Since December 31,
2003, there have been no amendments
of any Parent stock options or
warrants.
(c) The shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to
the Merger will, upon issuance, be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid,
and non-assessable.
3.3 Obligations With Respect to Capital Stock.
(a) Except as set forth in Section 3.2, there are no equity
securities of any class of Parent, or any
security convertible or exchangeable
into or exercisable for such equity
securities, issued, reserved for issuance,
or outstanding. Except for securities
Parent owns, directly or indirectly
through one or more subsidiaries, there are
no equity securities of any class of
any subsidiary of Parent, or any security
convertible or exchangeable into or
exercisable for such equity securities,
issued, reserved for issuance, or
outstanding. Except as set forth in Section
3.2, there are no options, warrants,
equity securities, calls, rights,
commitments, or agreements of any character to
which Parent or any of its subsidiaries is
a party or by which it is bound
obligating Parent or any of its
subsidiaries to issue, deliver, or sell, or
cause to be issued, delivered, or sold,
additional shares of capital stock of
Parent or any of its subsidiaries or
obligating Parent or any of its
subsidiaries to grant, extend, accelerate
the vesting of or enter into any such
option, warrant, equity security, call,
right, commitment, or agreement.
(b) Except as contemplated by this Agreement, there are no
registration rights, and there is no voting
trust, proxy, rights agreement,
"poison pill" anti-takeover plan, or other
agreement or understanding to which
Parent or any of its subsidiaries is a
party or by which it or any of its
subsidiaries is bound with respect to any
security of any class of Parent or
with respect to any security, partnership
interest, or similar ownership
interest of any class of any of its
subsidiaries. The execution and delivery of
this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub,
the performance by Parent and Merger
Sub of their obligations hereunder, and
consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of
the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement will not, alone or together with
any other event, nor has any event occurred
that would, (i) entitle
20
<PAGE>
any Person to any payment under or for any
security, option, warrant, call,
right, commitment, or agreement of Parent
or Merger Sub or (ii) result in an
acceleration of vesting, a change in
post-service exercisability period, or an
adjustment to the exercise price or number
of shares issuable upon exercise of
any security, option, warrant, call, right,
commitment, or agreement of Parent
or Merger Sub.
3.4 Authority.
(a) Parent and
Merger Sub have all requisite corporate power
and authority to enter into this Agreement
and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly authorized
by all necessary corporate action on the
part of Parent and Merger Sub. This
Agreement has been duly executed and
delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and
constitutes the valid and binding
obligations of Parent and Merger Sub,
enforceable against Parent and Merger Sub
in accordance with its terms, except
as enforceability may be limited by
bankruptcy and other similar laws and
general principles of equity. The execution
and delivery of this Agreement by
Parent and Merger Sub does not, and the
consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby by Parent and Merger
Sub will not, conflict with, or result
in any violation of, or default under (with
or without notice or lapse of time,
or both), or give rise to a right of
termination, cancellation, or acceleration
of any obligation or loss of any benefit
under (i) any provision of the
Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of
Parent, the Articles of Incorporation
or By-laws of Merger Sub, or similar
governing instruments of any of its
subsidiaries or (ii) any material mortgage,
indenture, lease, contract, or other
agreement, or any material permit,
concession, franchise, license, judgment,
order, decree, statute, law, ordinance,
rule, or regulation applicable to Parent
or its properties or assets.
(b) No consent, approval, order, or authorization of, or
registration, declaration, or filing with,
any Governmental Entity is required
by or with respect to Parent and Merger Sub
in connection with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
Merger Sub or the consummation by
Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions
contemplated hereby, except for (i)
the filing of the Articles of Merger with
the Washington Secretary of State,
(ii) the filing of the Permit Application,
the Hearing Notice, and the
Information Statements with the California
Commissioner, (iii) the filing of a
Form 8-K with the SEC, (iv) filings and
other items that may be required in
connection with the HSR Act, (v) such other
consents, approvals, orders,
authorizations, registrations, declarations
and filings as may be required under
applicable federal and state securities
laws and the laws of any foreign
country, and (vi) such other consents,
authorizations, filings, approvals, and
registrations which, if not obtained or
made, would not have a Material Adverse
Effect on Parent.
3.5 SEC Filings, Parent Financial Statements.
(a) Parent has filed all forms, reports, and documents
required to be filed with the SEC since
January 1, 2000 and has made available
to the Company, in the form filed with the
SEC, (i) its Annual Reports on Form
10-K for the fiscal years ended December
31, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003, (ii)
all proxy statements relating to Parent's
meetings of stockholders (whether
annual or special) held since January 1,
2000, (iii) all information statements
relating to stockholder actions since
January 1, 2000, (iv) all other reports or
21
<PAGE>
registration statements filed by Parent
with the SEC since January 1, 2000, and
(v) all amendments and supplements to all
such reports, proxy statements,
information statements, and registration
statements filed by Parent with the
SEC; and Parent will make available to the
Company in the form filed with the
SEC, as soon as practicable, its Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended March 31, 2004. All such required
forms, reports and documents (including
those enumerated in clauses (i) through