EXHIBIT 2.1
EXECUTION COPY
AGREEMENT AND PLAN
OF MERGER
Among
PEARSON EDUCATION,
INC.,
EPSILON
ACQUISITION CORP.
and
ECOLLEGE.COM
Dated as of May
14, 2007
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE I. THE MERGER
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1
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SECTION 1.1. The Merger.
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1
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SECTION 1.2. Closing; Effective
Time.
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1
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SECTION 1.3. Effects of the Merger.
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2
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SECTION 1.4. Certificate of Incorporation;
By-Laws.
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2
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SECTION 1.5. Directors.
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2
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SECTION 1.6. Officers.
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2
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ARTICLE II. EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE CAPITAL
STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS
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3
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SECTION 2.1. Conversion of
Securities.
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3
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SECTION 2.2. Options; Stock Appreciation
Rights; Restricted Stock Units; Deferred Stock Units; Employee
Stock Purchase Plan.
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3
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SECTION 2.3. Dissenting Shares.
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5
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SECTION 2.4. Surrender of Shares.
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5
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SECTION 2.5. Adjustments.
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7
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ARTICLE III. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
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8
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SECTION 3.1. Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries.
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8
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SECTION 3.2. Certificate of Incorporation and
By-Laws.
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9
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SECTION 3.3. Capitalization.
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9
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SECTION 3.4. Authority.
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10
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SECTION 3.5. No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents.
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10
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SECTION 3.6. Compliance.
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11
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SECTION 3.7. SEC Filings; Financial Statements;
Undisclosed Liabilities.
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11
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SECTION 3.8. Absence of Certain Changes or
Events.
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13
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SECTION 3.9. Absence of Litigation.
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14
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SECTION 3.10. Employee Benefit
Plans.
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14
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SECTION 3.11. Labor and Employment
Matters.
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16
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SECTION 3.12. Insurance.
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16
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SECTION 3.13. Properties.
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17
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SECTION 3.14. Tax Matters.
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17
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SECTION 3.15. Proxy Statement.
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19
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SECTION 3.16. Opinion of Financial
Advisor.
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19
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SECTION 3.17. Brokers.
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19
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SECTION 3.18. Takeover Statutes.
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19
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SECTION 3.19. Intellectual Property.
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20
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SECTION 3.20. Environmental Matters.
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21
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SECTION 3.21. Contracts.
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22
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SECTION 3.22. Affiliate
Transactions.
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22
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SECTION 3.23. No Other Representations or Warranties.
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23
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ARTICLE IV. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB
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23
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SECTION 4.1. Organization; Certificate of
Incorporation and By-Laws.
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23
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SECTION 4.2. Authority.
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24
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SECTION 4.3. No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents.
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24
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SECTION 4.4. Absence of Litigation.
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25
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SECTION 4.5. Proxy Statement.
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25
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SECTION 4.6. Brokers.
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25
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SECTION 4.7. Available Funds.
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25
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SECTION 4.8. Capitalization of Merger Sub;
Operations of Merger Sub.
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25
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SECTION 4.9. Ownership of Shares.
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26
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SECTION 4.10. Vote/Approval
Required.
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26
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SECTION 4.11. No Other Representations or
Warranties.
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26
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ARTICLE V. CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE
MERGER
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26
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SECTION 5.1. Conduct of Business of the Company
Pending the Merger.
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26
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SECTION 5.2. Conduct of Business of Parent and
Merger Sub Pending the Merger.
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29
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SECTION 5.3. No Control of Other Party’s
Business.
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29
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ARTICLE VI. ADDITIONAL
AGREEMENTS
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29
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SECTION 6.1. Stockholders Meeting.
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29
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SECTION 6.2. Proxy Statement.
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29
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SECTION 6.3. Resignation of
Directors.
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30
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SECTION 6.4. Access to Information;
Confidentiality.
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30
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SECTION 6.5. Acquisition Proposals.
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30
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SECTION 6.6. Employment and Employee Benefits
Matters.
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33
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SECTION 6.7. Directors’ and
Officers’ Indemnification and Insurance.
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34
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SECTION 6.8. Further Action;
Efforts.
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36
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SECTION 6.9. Public Announcements.
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37
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SECTION 6.10. Notification of Certain
Matters.
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37
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SECTION 6.11. Datamark Divestiture.
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38
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SECTION 6.12. Stockholder
Litigation.
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39
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ARTICLE VII. CONDITIONS OF MERGER
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39
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SECTION 7.1. Conditions to Obligation of Each
Party to Effect the Merger.
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39
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SECTION 7.2. Conditions to Obligations of
Parent and Merger Sub.
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40
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SECTION 7.3. Conditions to Obligations of the
Company.
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41
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ARTICLE VIII. TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND
WAIVER
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41
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SECTION 8.1. Termination.
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41
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SECTION 8.2. Effect of Termination.
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42
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SECTION 8.3. Expenses.
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43
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SECTION 8.4. Amendment.
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43
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SECTION 8.5. Waiver.
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43
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ii
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ARTICLE IX. GENERAL PROVISIONS
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44
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SECTION 9.1. Non-Survival of Representations,
Warranties, Covenants and Agreements.
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44
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SECTION 9.2. Notices.
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44
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SECTION 9.3. Certain Definitions.
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45
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SECTION 9.4. Severability.
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46
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SECTION 9.5. Entire Agreement;
Assignment.
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47
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SECTION 9.6. Parties in Interest.
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47
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SECTION 9.7. Governing Law.
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47
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SECTION 9.8. Headings.
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47
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SECTION 9.9. Counterparts.
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47
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SECTION 9.10. Specific Performance;
Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial.
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47
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SECTION 9.11. Interpretation.
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48
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Exhibits:
Exhibit
A
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation
Exhibit
B
Bylaws of Merger Sub
iii
INDEX OF DEFINED
TERMS
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Acquisition Proposal
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31
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Environmental
Permits
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22
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Adverse Recommendation
Change
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32
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Equity Incentive
Consideration
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4
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Adverse Recommendation
Change Notice
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33
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Equity
Incentives
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4
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affiliate
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45
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ERISA
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14
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Agreement
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1
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Exchange Act
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11
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Anti-Takeover
Statutes
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20
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Financial
Advisor
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19
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Antitrust
Division
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36
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FTC
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36
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beneficial
owner
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45
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generally accepted
accounting principles
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46
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beneficially
owned
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45
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Governmental
Entity
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11
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Board
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1
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HSR Act
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11
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Book-Entry
Shares
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6
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Indebtedness
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10
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business day
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45
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Indemnified
Parties
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35
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By-Laws
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9
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Intellectual
Property
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20
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Certificate of
Merger
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2
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IRS
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15
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Certificates
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6
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knowledge
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46
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Closing
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1
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Licenses
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11
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Closing Date
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2
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Material Adverse
Effect
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8
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Code
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15
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Material
Contract
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22
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Common Stock
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3
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Materials of
Environmental Concern
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22
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Company
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1
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Merger
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1
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Company Disclosure
Schedule
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8
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Merger
Consideration
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3
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Company
Employees
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15
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Merger Sub
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1
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Company ESPP
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4
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Option
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3
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Company Plan
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14
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Option
Consideration
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3
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Company Requisite
Vote
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10
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Outside Directors
Compensation Plan
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3
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Company
Securities
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9
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Parent
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1
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Company Termination
Fee
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43
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Parent Disclosure
Schedule
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23
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Confidentiality
Agreement
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30
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Parent Plan
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34
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Contract
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11
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Paying Agent
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5
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control
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46
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person
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46
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controlled
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46
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Proxy
Statement
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19
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controlled
by
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46
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Public
software
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21
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Datamark
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38
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Real Property
Leases
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17
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Datamark
Divestiture
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38
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Recommendation
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10
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Datamark Purchase
Agreement
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38
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Registered Intellectual
Property
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20
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Datamark
Purchaser
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38
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representatives
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31
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Deferred Stock
Unit
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4
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SAR
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4
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DGCL
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1
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SAR
Consideration
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4
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Dissenting
Shares
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5
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Sarbanes-Oxley
Act
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12
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DSU
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4
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SEC
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12
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DSU
Consideration
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4
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SEC Reports
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12
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Effective
Time
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2
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Securities
Act
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12
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employee benefit
plan
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14
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Seller Notes
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46
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Environmental
Laws
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22
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Shares
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3
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iv
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Stock Incentive Plan
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3
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Tax Return
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19
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Stockholders
Meeting
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29
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Taxes
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19
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subsidiaries
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46
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Termination
Date
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42
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subsidiary
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46
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under common control
with
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46
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Subsidiary
Securities
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9
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Voting
Agreement
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1
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Superior
Proposal
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32
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WARN Act
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16
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Surviving
Corporation
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1
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v
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN
OF MERGER, dated as of May 14, 2007 (this “ Agreement
”), among Pearson Education, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(“ Parent ”), Epsilon Acquisition Corp, a
Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent
(“ Merger Sub ”), and eCollege.com, a Delaware
corporation (the “ Company ”).
WHEREAS, the Board
of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) has
unanimously (i) determined that it is fair to, and in the best
interests of, the Company and the stockholders of the Company, and
declared it advisable, to enter into this Agreement with Parent and
Merger Sub providing for the merger (the “ Merger
”) of Merger Sub with and into the Company in accordance with
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “
DGCL ”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth herein, (ii) approved this Agreement in accordance
with the DGCL, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set
forth herein, and (iii) resolved to recommend adoption of this
Agreement by the stockholders of the Company; and
WHEREAS, the
Boards of Directors of Parent and Merger Sub have each approved,
and the Board of Directors of Merger Sub has declared it advisable
for Merger Sub to enter into, this Agreement providing for the
Merger in accordance with the DGCL, upon the terms and subject to
the conditions set forth herein; and
WHEREAS,
concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a
condition and inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter
into this Agreement, certain stockholders of the Company are
entering into a voting agreement with Parent (the “ Voting
Agreement ”) pursuant to which such stockholders have
irrevocably agreed, among other things, to vote or cause to be
voted in favor of the approval of this Agreement all Shares (as
defined below) beneficially owned by such stockholders in
accordance with and subject to the terms set forth in the Voting
Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the foregoing and the mutual representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained, and
intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
THE
MERGER
SECTION 1.1.
The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the
conditions of this Agreement and in accordance with the DGCL, at
the Effective Time (as defined below), Merger Sub shall be merged
with and into the Company. As a result of the Merger, the
separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the
Company shall continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger
(the “ Surviving Corporation ”).
SECTION 1.2.
Closing; Effective Time . Subject to the
provisions of Article VII, the closing of the Merger (the “
Closing ”) shall take place at the offices of Kirkland
& Ellis LLP, located at 200 East Randolph Drive, Chicago,
Illinois, as soon as practicable, but in no event
1
later than the third
business day after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set
forth in Article VII (other than those conditions that by their
nature are to be satisfied by actions taken at the Closing, but
subject to the satisfaction or (to the extent permitted by law)
waiver of those conditions), or at such other place or on such
other date as Parent and the Company may mutually agree. The
date on which the Closing actually occurs is hereinafter referred
to as the “ Closing Date ”. At the
Closing, the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be
consummated by filing a certificate of merger (the “
Certificate of Merger ”) with the Secretary of State
of the State of Delaware, in such form as required by, and executed
in accordance with, the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the date
and time of the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or such later time as
is specified in the Certificate of Merger and as is agreed to by
the Company and Parent, being hereinafter referred to as the
“ Effective Time ”) and shall make all other
filings or recordings required under the DGCL in connection with
the Merger.
SECTION 1.3.
Effects of the Merger . From and after the
Effective Time, the Merger shall have the effects set forth herein
and in the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing and subject thereto, at
the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges,
immunities, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub
shall vest in the Surviving Corporation and all debts, liabilities
and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts,
liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 1.4.
Certificate of Incorporation; By-Laws .
(a)
At the Effective Time, and without any further action on the part
of the Company or Merger Sub, the certificate of incorporation of
the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time,
shall be amended by virtue of the Merger so as to read in its
entirety as is set forth on Exhibit A annexed hereto, and,
as so amended, shall be the certificate of incorporation of the
Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with
its terms and as provided by law.
(b)
At the Effective Time, and without any further action on the part
of the Company or Merger Sub, the by-laws of the Company shall be
amended by virtue of the Merger so as to read in their entirety in
the form as is set forth in Exhibit B annexed hereto, and,
as so amended, shall be the by-laws of the Surviving Corporation
until thereafter amended in accordance with their terms, the
certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and as
provided by law.
SECTION 1.5.
Directors . Immediately after the Effective
Time, Parent shall take the necessary action to cause the directors
of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time to be the
directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in
accordance with the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the
Surviving Corporation, until their respective successors are duly
elected or appointed and qualified or until the earlier of their
death, resignation or removal.
SECTION 1.6.
Officers . The officers of Merger Sub will be
the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, until their
successors are duly elected and qualified or until their
2
earlier death,
resignation or removal in accordance with applicable law ,
the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and
the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE II.
EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE CAPITAL STOCK
OF THE CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS
SECTION 2.1.
Conversion of Securities . At the Effective
Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of
Parent, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the
holders of any of the following securities:
(a)
Each share of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the
Company (the “ Common Stock ” or “
Shares ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time (other than any Shares to be cancelled pursuant
to Section 2.1(b) and any Dissenting Shares (as defined in Section
2.3(a)) shall be converted into the right to receive $22.45 in cash
(the “ Merger Consideration ”) payable to the
holder thereof, without interest, upon surrender of such Shares in
the manner provided in Section 2.4, less any required withholding
Taxes;
(b)
Each Share held in the treasury of the Company and each Share owned
by Parent, Merger Sub or any direct or indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent or the Company immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be automatically cancelled, retired and shall
cease to exist without any conversion thereof and no payment or
distribution shall be made with respect thereto; and
(c)
Each share of common stock of Merger Sub issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 2.2.
Options; Stock Appreciation Rights; Restricted Stock Units;
Deferred Stock Units; Employee Stock Purchase Plan .
(a)
The Company shall take such actions necessary or appropriate so
that, as of the Effective Time (x) the eCollege.com 1999 Stock
Incentive Plan, as amended (the “ Stock Incentive Plan
”), and the eCollege.com 2005 Outside Directors Compensation
Plan, as amended (the “ Outside Directors Compensation
Plan ”) shall be terminated and (y) by virtue of the
Merger, without any further action on the part of any holder of any
Equity Incentive:
(i)
each option (an “ Option ”) to purchase Shares
granted pursuant to any Company Plan that is outstanding and
unexercised as of the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested,
shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and the
holder of each such Option shall cease to have any rights with
respect thereto, except the right to receive, in consideration for
such cancellation, an amount in cash (the “ Option
Consideration ”) equal to the product of (A) the
number of Shares subject to such Option and (B) the excess, if any,
of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price per Share
subject to such Option, less any required withholding
Taxes;
3
(ii)
each stock appreciation right (a “ SAR ”)
granted pursuant to any Company Plan that is outstanding as of the
Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, shall automatically be
cancelled and shall cease to exist, and the holder of each such SAR
shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the
right to receive, in consideration for such cancellation, an amount
in cash (the “ SAR Consideration ”) equal to the
product of (A) the number of SAR’s that are deemed
vested at the time of the Merger in accordance with the terms of
such SAR and (B) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration
over the applicable Base Price (as defined in the applicable SAR)
of each such vested SAR, less any required withholding
Taxes;
(iii)
each Share Rights Award (sometimes referred to as a restricted
stock unit (a “ RSU ”)) granted pursuant to any
Company Plan that is outstanding as of the Effective Time, whether
vested or unvested, shall automatically be cancelled and shall
cease to exist, and the holder of each such RSU shall cease to have
any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive, in
consideration for such cancellation, an amount in cash (the “
RSU Consideration ”) equal to the product of
(A) the number of Shares, if any, issuable to each such holder
thereof as a result of the consummation of the Merger and (B) the
Merger Consideration, less any required withholding Taxes;
and
(iv)
each deferred stock unit (a “ DSU ,” and
together with the Options, SARs and RSUs being collectively
referred to as the “ Equity Incentives ”)
granted pursuant to any Company Plan that is outstanding as of the
Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, shall automatically be
cancelled and shall cease to exist, and the holder of each such DSU
shall cease to have rights with respect thereto, except the right
to receive, in consideration for such cancellation, an amount in
cash (the “ DSU Consideration ,” and together
with the Option Consideration, SAR Consideration and RSU
Consideration being collectively referred to as the “
Equity Incentive Consideration ”) equal to the
product of (A) the number of Shares issuable to each such
holder thereof and (B) the Merger Consideration, less any required
withholding Taxes.
(b)
The Company shall cause the eCollege.com 1999 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan, as amended (the “ Company ESPP
”), to be suspended as of the date hereof, and shall cease
further participant payroll deductions thereunder. The
Company shall cause the ESPP to terminate as of the Effective Time
and to return all participants’ accumulated payroll
deductions thereunder, and no further purchase rights shall be
granted or exercised under the ESPP thereafter.
(c)
The Board, or a committee of Non-Employee Directors thereof (as
such term is defined for purposes of Rule 16b-3(b)(3) under the
Exchange Act), shall adopt a resolution before the Effective Time
providing that the disposition by officers and directors of Company
Common Stock in exchange for the Merger Consideration, and of
Equity Incentives in exchange for the applicable Equity Incentive
Consideration, in each case pursuant to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, are intended to be exempt from
liability pursuant to Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act.
4
SECTION 2.3.
Dissenting Shares .
(a)
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares
that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time and which are held by holders of Shares who have not voted in
favor of or consented to the Merger and who have properly demanded
and perfected their rights to be paid the fair value of such Shares
in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL (the “
Dissenting Shares ”) shall not be converted into the
right to receive the Merger Consideration, and after the Effective
Time the holders thereof shall be entitled to only such rights as
are granted by Section 262 of the DGCL; provided ,
however , that if any such holder shall fail to perfect or
shall effectively waive, withdraw or lose such holder’s
rights under Section 262 of the DGCL, such holder’s Shares
shall cease to be deemed Dissenting Shares and thereupon be deemed
to have been converted, at the Effective Time, into the right to
receive the Merger Consideration therefor, as set forth in Section
2.1 of this Agreement, without any interest thereon.
(b)
The Company shall promptly give Parent (i) notice of any
appraisal demands received by the Company, withdrawals thereof and
any other instruments served pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL
and received by the Company and (ii) the opportunity to direct all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to the exercise of
appraisal rights under Section 262 of the DGCL. The Company
shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent (which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) or as
otherwise required by applicable law, make any payment with respect
to any such exercise of appraisal rights or offer to settle or
settle any such rights other than for an amount equal to or less
than the Merger Consideration per share.
SECTION 2.4.
Surrender of Shares .
(a)
Prior to the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall enter into an
agreement with a paying agent designated by Merger Sub and
reasonably satisfactory to the Company to act as paying agent for
the stockholders of the Company (and, to the extent any Equity
Incentive Consideration is not paid at the Effective Time, shall
appoint the same or such other agent reasonably acceptable to the
Company to act as paying agent for the holders of Equity
Incentives) in connection with the Merger (the “ Paying
Agent ”) to receive the Merger Consideration to which the
stockholders of the Company shall become entitled pursuant to this
Article II. Immediately prior to the Effective Time Parent
shall cause to be deposited with the Paying Agent sufficient funds
to make all payments pursuant to Section 2.4(b). Such funds
may be invested by the Paying Agent as directed by Merger Sub or,
after the Effective Time, by the Surviving Corporation;
provided that (a) no such investment or losses thereon shall
affect the Merger Consideration payable to the holders of Common
Stock and following any losses Parent shall promptly cause
additional funds to be deposited with the Paying Agent for the
benefit of the stockholders of the Company in the amount of any
such losses and (b) such investments shall be in short-term
obligations of the United States of America with maturities of no
more than 30 days or guaranteed by the United States of America and
backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of
America, or in commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or
better by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard &
Poor’s Corporation, respectively, or in certificates of
deposit, bank repurchase agreements or banker’s acceptances
of commercial banks with capital exceeding $1 billion (based on the
most recent financial statements of such bank which
5
are then publicly
available). Any interest or income produced by, or profit
resulting from, such investments will be payable to the Surviving
Corporation or Parent, as Parent directs.
(b)
Promptly after the Effective Time, but in any event within two
business days following the Effective Time, the Surviving
Corporation shall cause to be mailed to each record holder, as of
the Effective Time, of either (i) an outstanding certificate
or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time
represented Shares (the “ Certificates ”) or
(ii) Shares represented by book-entry (“ Book-Entry
Shares ”), a form of letter of transmittal (which shall
be in customary form and shall specify that delivery shall be
effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall
pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Paying
Agent or, in the case of Book-Entry Shares, upon adherence to the
procedures set forth in the letter of transmittal) and instructions
for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates or, in the
case of Book-Entry Shares, the surrender of such Shares for payment
of the Merger Consideration therefor. Upon surrender to the
Paying Agent of a Certificate or of Book-Entry Shares, together
with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly
executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such
other documents as may be required pursuant to such instructions,
the holder of such Certificate or Book-Entry Shares shall be
entitled to receive in exchange therefor the Merger Consideration
for each Share formerly represented by such Certificate or
Book-Entry Shares (less any required withholding Taxes) and such
Certificate or book-entry shall then be cancelled. No
interest shall be paid or accrued for the benefit of holders of the
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares on the Merger Consideration
payable in respect of the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares.
If payment of the Merger Consideration is to be made to a person
other than the person in whose name the surrendered Certificate or
Book-Entry Share is registered, it shall be a condition of payment
that the Certificate or Book-Entry Share so surrendered shall be
properly endorsed or shall be otherwise in proper form for transfer
or be accompanied by all documents required to evidence transfer
and that the person requesting such payment shall have paid any
transfer and other Taxes required by reason of the payment of the
Merger Consideration to a person other than the registered holder
of the Certificate or Book-Entry Share surrendered or shall have
established to the satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that
such Tax either has been paid or is not applicable. Until
surrendered as contemplated by, and in accordance with, this
Section 2.4(b), each Certificate and each Book-Entry Share (other
than Certificates or Book Entry Shares representing Shares to be
cancelled pursuant to Section 2.1(b) or Dissenting Shares) shall be
deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the
right to receive upon such surrender the applicable Merger
Consideration as contemplated by this Article II.
(c)
All payments with respect to cancelled Equity Incentives, to the
extent not made at the Effective Time, shall be made by the
Surviving Corporation as promptly as reasonably practicable after
the Effective Time. No interest shall be paid or accrued for
the benefit of holders of Equity Incentives on the Equity Incentive
Consideration payable in respect thereof.
(d)
At any time following the date that is nine months after the
Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to
require the Paying Agent to deliver to it any funds (including any
interest received with respect thereto) which have been made
available to the Paying Agent and which have not been disbursed to
holders of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares and, after such funds
have been delivered to the Surviving Corporation, such holders
shall
6
solely be entitled to
look to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned property,
escheat or other similar laws) as general creditors thereof with
respect to the Merger Consideration payable (without interest) upon
due surrender of their Certificates or Book-Entry Shares. The
Surviving Corporation shall pay all charges and expenses, including
those of the Paying Agent, in connection with the exchange of
Shares for the Merger Consideration. Neither the Surviving
Corporation, Parent, Merger Sub, the Company nor the Paying Agent
will be liable to any person in respect of any cash delivered to a
public official pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or
similar law. The Merger Consideration paid in accordance with
the terms of this Article II in respect of Certificates or
Book-Entry Shares that have been surrendered in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been paid in full
satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the Shares represented
thereby.
(e)
After the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company
shall be closed and thereafter there shall be no further
registration of transfers of Shares that were outstanding prior to
the Effective Time. After the Effective Time, all
Certificates or Book-Entry Shares presented to the Surviving
Corporation for transfer shall be cancelled and exchanged for the
consideration provided for in, and in accordance with the
procedures set forth in, this Article II.
(f)
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Parent,
the Surviving Corporation and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to
deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable to any
former holder of Shares or Equity Incentives pursuant to this
Agreement any amount as may be required to be deducted and withheld
with respect to the making of such payment under applicable Tax
laws. To the extent that amounts are so properly withheld by
the Paying Agent, the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case
may be, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of
this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Shares or
Equity Incentives, as the case may be, in respect of which such
deduction and withholding was made by the Paying Agent, the
Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be.
(g)
In the event that any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, upon the holder’s compliance with the replacement
requirements established by the Paying Agent, and, if required by
the Surviving Corporation, the posting by the holder of a bond in
customary amount as indemnity against any claim that may be made
against it with respect to the Certificate, the Paying Agent will
deliver in exchange for the lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate
the applicable Merger Consideration payable in respect of the
Shares represented by such Certificate pursuant to this Article
II.
SECTION 2.5.
Adjustments . Without limiting the other
provisions of this Agreement, if at any time during the period
between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, any
change in the number of outstanding Shares (or securities
convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for Shares) shall
occur as a result of a reclassification, recapitalization, stock
split (including a reverse stock split), or combination, exchange
or readjustment of shares, or any stock dividend or stock
distribution with a record date during such period, the Merger
Consideration shall be equitably adjusted to reflect such
change.
7
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
The Company hereby
represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that, except as
set forth on the Company Disclosure Schedule delivered by the
Company to Parent and Merger Sub prior to the execution of this
Agreement (the “ Company Disclosure Schedule ”)
(it being understood and agreed that any information set forth in
one section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall
be deemed to apply to each other section or subsection of this
Agreement to the extent that it is reasonably apparent that such
information is relevant to such other section or subsection) and
other than with respect to Section 3.3, except as disclosed in any
SEC Report (as defined below) filed since January 1, 2007 but prior
to the date of this Agreement (other than disclosures in the
“Risk Factors” sections of such SEC Reports or in any
section relating to forward-looking statements, and any other
disclosures included therein to the extent that they are predictive
or forward looking in nature) (it being understood and agreed that
any information set forth in such SEC Reports shall be deemed to
apply only to a section or subsection of this Agreement to the
extent that it is reasonably apparent that such information is
relevant to such section or subsection):
SECTION 3.1.
Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries .
The Company and each of its subsidiaries is duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing (with respect to jurisdictions that
recognize the concept of good standing) under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite corporate or
similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its
properties and to carry on its business as it is now being
conducted, except where any such failure to be so organized,
existing or in good standing or to have such power or authority
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect (as defined below). The Company and each of
its subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed to do business, and
is in good standing, in each jurisdiction where the character of
the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of its
activities makes such qualification or licensing necessary, other
than in such jurisdictions where any such failure to be so
qualified or licensed or in good standing would not, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. “
Material Adverse Effect ” means any change, effect,
event, circumstance, occurrence or state of facts that is, or would
reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, be
materially adverse to the business, financial condition or assets
of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole;
provided , however , that none of the following, or
any changes, effects, events, circumstances, occurrence or state of
facts resulting therefrom, shall be deemed in themselves, either
alone or in combination, to constitute, and none of them shall be
taken into account in determining whether there has been or could
or would be, a Material Adverse Effect: (i) economic,
financial market, or geopolitical conditions in general,
(ii) general changes or developments in the industries in
which the Company and its subsidiaries operate, (iii) the
announcement of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby, (iv) any actions required under this Agreement to obtain
approval or authorization under applicable antitrust or competition
laws for the consummation of the Merger, (v) changes in any
laws or regulations or applicable accounting regulations or
principles or interpretations thereof, (vi) changes in the market
price or trading volume of the Common Stock (provided that any
change, effect, event, circumstance, occurrence or state of facts
that may have caused or contributed to such change in market price
or trading volume shall not be excluded), (vii) the failure, in and
of itself, by the Company to meet any expected or
8
projected financial or
operating performance target, as well as (in and of itself) any
change by the Company in any expected or projected financial or
operating performance target (provided that any change, effect,
event, circumstance, occurrence or state of facts that may have
caused or contributed to such failure or change shall not be
excluded), or (viii) acts of God, national or international
hostilities, war (whether or not declared) or terrorism, unless, in
the case of clause (i), (ii), (v) or (viii) such change, effect,
event or occurrence has a materially disproportionate effect on the
Company and each of its subsidiaries compared with other companies
operating in the industry in which the Company and each of its
subsidiaries operate.
SECTION 3.2.
Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws . The
Company has heretofore furnished or otherwise made available to
Parent a complete and correct copy of the certificate of
incorporation and the by-laws of the Company and each of its
subsidiaries, each as currently in effect. The certificate of
incorporation and the by-laws of the Company and each of its
subsidiaries are in full force and effect and no other
organizational documents are applicable to or binding upon the
Company or any of its subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor
any of its subsidiaries are in violation of any provisions of their
respective certificate of incorporation or by-laws.
SECTION 3.3.
Capitalization . The authorized capital stock
of the Company consists of (i) 50,000,000 shares of Common
Stock and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.01
per share (the “ Preferred Stock ”). As of
the date hereof, (i) 22,440,297 shares of Common Stock were issued
and outstanding, all of which were validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and were issued free of preemptive rights, (ii) no
shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, and (iii)
14,926 shares of Common Stock were issued and held in
treasury. Section 3.3 of the Company Disclosure Schedule
contains (x) a list of all Options, SARs, Restricted Stock Units,
Deferred Stock Units and warrants outstanding as of the date
hereof, the number of shares of Common Stock, if applicable,
issuable thereunder, the expiration date and the exercise price, if
applicable, thereof and (y) the number of shares of Common Stock to
be purchased pursuant to the Company’s ESPP immediately prior
to the Effective Time in accordance with Section 2.2(b).
Except as set forth above: (A) there are not outstanding or
authorized any (I) shares of capital stock or other voting
securities of the Company, (II) securities of the Company,
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or
voting securities of the Company, (III) options or other rights to
acquire from the Company , and no obligation of the Company, to
issue, any capital stock, voting securities or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or voting
securities of the Company (collectively, “ Company
Securities ”), (IV) shares of capital stock or other
voting securities of any of the Company’s subsidiaries as of
the date hereof, (V) securities of any of the Company’s
subsidiaries, convertible into or exchangeable for shares of
capital stock or voting securities of any of the Company’s
subsidiaries, or (VI) options or other rights to acquire from any
of the Company’s subsidiaries, and no obligation of any of
the Company’s subsidiaries, to issue, any capital stock,
voting securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable
for capital stock or voting securities of any of the
Company’s subsidiaries (collectively, “ Subsidiary
Securities ”), (B) there are no outstanding obligations
of the Company to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any
Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities and (C) there are no
preemptive rights, other options, calls, warrants, stock
appreciation rights, restricted stock units or other rights,
agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character relating
to the issued or unissued capital stock of the Company or any of
its subsidiaries to which the Company or any of its
9
subsidiaries is a
party. As of the date of this Agreement, except as set forth
in Section 3.3 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the only
principal amount of outstanding Indebtedness of the Company and its
subsidiaries or principal amount of outstanding Indebtedness of any
other person that is guaranteed by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is $500,000 (face amount) pursuant to the Seller Notes
(excluding any intercompany amounts). “
Indebtedness ” means indebtedness for borrowed money,
or any guarantees thereof, of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries. Each of the outstanding shares of capital stock
of each of the Company’s subsidiaries is duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and all such shares
are owned by the Company free and clear of all security interests,
liens, claims, pledges, agreements, limitations in voting rights,
charges or other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever. The
Company has no shareholder rights plan or similar
agreements.
SECTION 3.4.
Authority . The Company has all necessary
corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby, subject, in the case of the
Merger, to receipt of the Company Requisite Vote (as defined
below). Assuming the accuracy of Parent’s
representations and warranties in Section 4.9, the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the
consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby
have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate
action and no other corporate proceeding on the part of the Company
is necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance
of this Agreement or to consummate the transactions so contemplated
(other than adoption of this Agreement by the holders of at least a
majority of the outstanding Shares (the “ Company
Requisite Vote ”) and the filing with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware of the Certificate of Merger as
required by the DGCL). This Agreement has been duly and
validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due
authorization, execution and delivery hereof by Parent and Merger
Sub, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the
Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, subject to the effects of bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws
relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, general
equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity
or at law). As of the date of this Agreement, the Board has
unanimously (i) determined that the Merger is fair to, and in the
best interests of, the Company and the stockholders of the Company,
and declared advisable this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, (ii) approved this Agreement in
accordance with the DGCL, upon the terms and conditions set forth
herein and (iii) resolved to recommend adoption of this
Agreement by the stockholders of the Company and to submit this
Agreement for adoption by the stockholders of the Company (clauses
(i), (ii) and (iii), collectively, the “
Recommendation ”). The only vote of the
stockholders of the Company required to adopt this Agreement and
approve the transactions contemplated hereby is the Company
Requisite Vote.
SECTION 3.5.
No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents
.
(a)
The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company do not and will not, directly or indirectly,
(i) conflict with or violate the certificate of incorporation
or by-laws of the Company, (ii) assuming that all consents,
approvals and authorizations contemplated by clauses (i) through
(iv) of subsection (b) below have been obtained, and all filings
described in such clauses have been made, conflict with or violate
any
10
law, rule, regulation,
order, judgment or decree applicable to the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or by which its or any of their respective properties
are bound or (iii) require notice to or consent of any third party,
result in any breach or violation of or constitute a default (or an
event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a
default) or result in the loss of a benefit under, or give rise to
any right of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration
of, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement,
lease, license, permit or other instrument or obligation (each, a
“ Contract ”) to which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or its or any of their respective properties are
bound, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), for any
such notice, consent, conflict, violation, breach, default, loss,
right or other occurrence which would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)
The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company and the consummation of the Merger by the Company do not
and will not require any notice, consent, approval, authorization
or permit of, action by, filing with or notification to, any
governmental or regulatory (including stock exchange) authority,
agency, court, commission, or other governmental body (each, a
“ Governmental Entity ”), except for
(i) applicable requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including the filing
of the Proxy Statement (as defined below)), the Hart-Scott-Rodino
Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ HSR Act
”), and state securities, takeover and “blue sky”
laws, (ii) the applicable requirements of the NASDAQ National
Market, (iii) the filing with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware of the Certificate of Merger as required by the
DGCL, and (iv) any such consent, approval, authorization, permit,
action, filing or notification the failure of which to make or
obtain would not (A) prevent or materially delay the Company from
performing its obligations under this Agreement in any material
respect or (B) individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect.
SECTION 3.6.
Compliance . (a) Neither the Company nor any of
its subsidiaries is in violation of any law, rule, regulation,
order, judgment or decree applicable to the Company or any of its
subsidiaries or by which its or any of their respective properties
are bound, except for any such violation which would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect,
(b) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits,
licenses, authorizations, exemptions, orders, consents, approvals
and franchises (“ Licenses ”) from Governmental
Entities required to conduct their respective businesses as now
being conducted, except for any such Licenses the absence of which
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect and (c) neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has any material subscription liability, material
escheatment liability or any material liability related to
unclaimed or abandoned property laws. This Section 3.6 does
not relate to matters relating to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (as
defined in Section 3.7(c)), which are the subject of Section
3.7(c), employee benefit matters, which are the subject of Section
3.10, and Taxes, which are the subject of Section 3.14.
SECTION 3.7.
SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Undisclosed Liabilities
.
(a)
The Company has filed or otherwise transmitted all forms, reports,
statements, certifications and other documents (including all
exhibits, amendments and
11
supplements thereto)
required to be filed by it with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “ SEC ”) since January 1, 2004
(all such forms, reports, statements, certificates and other
documents filed since January 1, 2004, collectively, the “
SEC Reports ”). Each of the SEC Reports, as
amended prior to the date hereof, complied in all material respects
with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the “ Securities Act ”), and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder and the Exchange Act and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, each as in effect on
the date so filed. None of the SEC Reports contained, when
filed as finally amended prior to the date hereof, any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
required to be stated or incorporated by reference therein or
necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
To the knowledge of the Company, as of the date hereof, there are
no unresolved SEC comments.
(b)
The audited consolidated financial statements of the Company
(including any related notes thereto) included in the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2006 filed with the SEC have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on
a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may
be indicated in the notes thereto) and fairly present in all
material respects the consolidated financial position of the
Company and its subsidiaries at the respective dates thereof and
the consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and changes
in stockholders’ equity for the periods indicated. The
unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company
(including any related notes thereto) for all interim periods
included in the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q
filed with the SEC since January 1, 2007 have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on
a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may
be indicated in the notes thereto) and fairly present in all
material respects the consolidated financial position of the
Company and its subsidiaries at the respective dates thereof and
the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the
periods indicated (subject to normal period-end
adjustments).
(c)
Since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended
(the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”), the Company has
been and is in compliance in all material respects with the
applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
(d)
The Company has designed, established and maintained
disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure
controls and procedures (as such terms are defined in Rule
13a-15(c) under the Exchange Act) to be designed under its
supervision, as required by Rule 13a-15(a) under the Exchange Act,
to ensure that material information relating to the Company,
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the
individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s
filings with the SEC and other public disclosure
documents.
(e)
The Company has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation
prior to the date hereof, to the Company’s auditors and the
audit committee of the Board (A) any significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect in any material respect the Company’s ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information and (B)
any
12
fraud, whether or not
material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the Company’s internal controls over
financial reporting.
(f)
As of the date hereof, to the knowledge of the Company, the Company
has not identified any material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal controls over financial reporting. To
the knowledge of the Company, there is no reason to believe that
its auditors and its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer will not be able to give the certification and attestations
required pursuant to the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act when next due.
(g)
Except (i) as reflected or reserved against in the financial
statements included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q filed prior to the date hereof for the quarter ended March 31,
2007, (ii) for liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice since March 31,
2007, or (iii) for liabilities or obligations under this Agreement
or the fees and expenses of attorneys, investment bankers,
accountants and other advisors to the Company incurred in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the
Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any liabilities,
commitments or obligations of any nature, asserted or unasserted,
known or unknown, absolute or contingent, whether or not accrued,
matured or unmatured or otherwise, that are of a nature that would
be required to be disclosed on a balance sheet of the Company (or
the footnotes thereto) prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, other than those which have not had
and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; it being understood that
in no event will the provisions set forth in this Section 3.7(g)
apply to any particular matter if such matter is addressed more
specifically in any other representation and warranty contained in
this Article III.
(h)
Each Equity Incentive (i) was granted in all material respects in
compliance with (A) all applicable Laws and (B) all of the material
terms and conditions of the Company Plan pursuant to which it was
issued, (ii) qualifies for the tax and accounting treatment
afforded to such Equity Incentive in the Company’s tax
returns and the Company’s financial statements, respectively
and (iii) has a per share exercise price, if applicable, determined
in accordance with the applicable Company Plan and, to the extent
required pursuant to the terms of the applicable Company Plan, that
was greater than or equal to the fair market value of a Share
(determined in accordance with the applicable Company Plan) on the
applicable date on which the related grant was by its terms to be
effective.
SECTION 3.8.
Absence of Certain Changes or Events .
(a)
From January 1, 2007, except as contemplated by this Agreement, the
Company and its subsidiaries have conducted their business in the
ordinary course consistent with past practice and, during such
period, there has not been any change, event or occurrence which,
individually or in the aggregate, has had a Material Adverse
Effect
(b)
From January 1, 2007 to the date of this Agreement, there has not
been (i) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any
dividend or other distribution in cash, stock, property or
otherwise in respect of the Company’s or any of its
subsidiaries’ capital stock, except for any dividend or
distribution by a subsidiary of the Company; (ii) any redemption,
repurchase
13
or other acquisition by
the Company or any of its subsidiaries of (x) any shares of capital
stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or (y) any options,
warrants, calls or rights to acquire, or securities that are
convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock
or other voting securities (except upon the exercise of options,
warrants, calls or rights disclosed to Parent to the extent net
exercises are provided for in the plans or agreements governing
such options, warrants, calls or rights); (iii) (x) any granting by
the Company or any of its subsidiaries to any of their directors or
officers of any material increase in compensation or fringe
benefits, except for increases in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice or increases that are required under
any Company Plan, (y) any granting to any director or officer of
the right to receive any severance or termination pay not provided
for under any Company Plan, or (z) any entry by the Company or any
of its subsidiaries into (I) any employment, consulting or
severance agreement or arrangement with any director or officer of
the Company or its subsidiaries, or (II) any employment,
consulting or severance agreement or arrangement (other than the
hiring of employees in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice who do not enter into employment agreements and
are entitled to no severance other than pursuant to the policy
described in Section 6.6(a) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule) pursuant to which total annual compensation or aggregate
severance benefits exceed $200,000 individually or $500,000 in the
aggregate with any other employee of the Company or its
subsidiaries, or any material amendment of any Company Plan; (iv)
any extension, renewal, amendment or modification in any material
respect or termination of any Real Property Lease or any Material
Contract or any waiver, release or assignment any material rights
or claims with respect thereto; (v) any material change by the
Company in its accounting methods, principles or practices, except
as may be required to conform to changes in statutory or regulatory
accounting rules or generally accepted accounting principles or
regulatory requirements with respect thereto; (vi) any settlement
or compromise of any material Tax liability by the Company or any
of its subsidiaries; or (vii) any material change in Tax accounting
principles or Tax elections by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries, except insofar as may have been required by
applicable law.
SECTION 3.9.
Absence of Litigation . There are no suits,
claims, actions, proceedings, arbitrations, mediations or
investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Company,
threatened against the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other
than any such suit, claim, action, proceeding, arbitration,
mediation or investigation that would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. As of the date
hereof, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor any of
their respective properties is or are subject to any order, writ,
judgment, injunction, decree or award except for those that would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect. There are no SEC inquiries or investigations, other
governmental inquiries or investigations or internal investigations
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, in each
case regarding any accounting practices of the Company or any of
its subsidiaries or any malfeasance by any executive officer of the
Company.
SECTION
3.10. Employee Benefit Plans .
(a)
Section 3.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true
and complete list of each material Company Plan. As used
herein the term “ Company Plan ” means each
“ employee benefit plan ” (within the meaning of
Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”)), and each other
compensation or benefit plan, program, agreement or arrangement
contributed to, sponsored or maintained by
14
the Company or any of
its subsidiaries or with respect to which any of them are a party
or have any obligations, as of the date hereof for the benefit of
any current or former employee, consultant, independent contractor
or director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (the “
Company Employees ”).
(b)
With respect to each Company Plan, the Company has made available
to the Parent a copy thereof (or, if the plan is not written, a
written description thereof) and, to the extent applicable,
(i) the most recent determination letter, if any, received
from the Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”),
(ii) the most recent summary plan description and
(iii) for the most recent year (A) the Form 5500 and attached
schedules, and (B) audited financial statements, if
any.
(c)
Except as failure to do so would not, individually or in the
aggregate, be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect, each Company Plan has been administered in compliance with
the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), and other
applicable laws, rules and regulations.
(d)
Neither the Company nor any other corporation or other trade or
business that is treated as part of a single employer with the
Company under Sections 414(b) or (c) of the Code contributes
to, or has any liability under, any plan that is a
“multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 3(37) of
ERISA, subject to Title IV of ERISA or any other employee benefit
plan subject to Title IV of ERISA.
(e)
Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be
reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, with
respect to each Company Plan, no actions, suits or claims (other
than routine claims for benefits) are pending or, to the knowledge
of the Company, threatened.
(f)
Each Company Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section
401(a) of the Code has received a determination letter to that
effect from the IRS or is in the form of a prototype or volume
submitter plan with respect to which the IRS has issued a favorable
opinion letter, and, except as would not individually or in the
aggregate be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect, the Company is aware of no circumstances that would
reasonably be expected to adversely affect such plan’s
qualification.
(g)
The execution, delivery of and performance by the Company of its
obligations under the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
(either alone or upon the occurrence of any additional or
subsequent event) will not (i) result in any payment,
acceleration, vesting, increase in benefits or obligation to
fund benefits with respect to any Company Employee, (ii) result in
the triggering or imposition of any restrictions or limitations on
the right of the Company or any of its subsidiaries to amend or
terminate any Company Plan or (iii) result in any “excess
parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1)
of the Code.
(h)
Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect, each Company Plan that is a
“nonqualified deferred compensation plan”
(as
15
defined under Section
409A(d)(1) of the Code) has been operated and administered in good
faith compliance with Section 409A of the Code since January 1,
2005.
(i)
Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect, (x) all contributions to Company Plans
that were required to be made under such Company Plans have been
made, and (y) the Company has performed all material obligations
required to be performed under all Company Plans. Except as
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect, with respect to each Company Plan that is funded
wholly or partially through an insurance policy, all premiums
required to have been paid as of the date of this Agreement under
the insurance policy have been paid.
SECTION
3.11. Labor and Employment Matters .
(a)
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any
collective bargaining agreement or other labor union agreement
applicable to employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
nor to the knowledge of the Company as of the date of this
Agreement are there any formal activities or proceedings of any
labor union to organize any such employees. Neither the
Company nor any of its subsidiaries has engaged in, admitted
committing, or be held in any administrative or judicial proceeding
to have committed any unfair labor practice under the National
Labor Relations Act in the five years preceding the date of its
execution of this Agreement. There are no unfair
labor practice complaints pending against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries before the National Labor Relations Board or any other
labor relations tribunal or authority. There are no material
complaints, charges or claims against the Company pending, or to
the knowledge of the Company, threatened to be brought or filed
with any Governmental Entity based on, arising out of, in
connection with, or otherwise relating to the employment of any
individual by the Company. There are no strikes, work
stoppages, slowdowns, lockouts, material arbitrations or material
grievances, or other material labor disputes pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing against or
involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
(b)
In the three-year period preceding the date hereof, there has been
no “mass layoff” or “plant closing” (as
defined by the Worker Adjustment and Restraining Notification Act
(“ WARN Act ”)) with respect to the
Company. The Company has taken no action that could
reasonably be expected to give rise to any liability under the WARN
Act for which the Parent, the Merger Sub or the Surviving
Corporation could be liable.
SECTION 3.12.
Insurance . Except as would not, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, all material
insurance policies of the Company and its subsidiaries (a) are in
full force and effect and provide insurance in such amounts and
against such risks as is sufficient to comply with applicable law,
(b) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in breach or
default, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has
taken any action or failed to take any action which, with notice or
the lapse of time, would constitute such a breach or default, or
permit termination or modification of, any of such insurance
policies and (c) no notice of cancellation or termination has been
received with respect to any such policy.
16
SECTION 3.13.
Properties . The Company or one of its
subsidiaries (i) has good title to all the material properties
and material assets reflected in the latest audited balance sheet
included in the SEC Reports as being owned by the Company or one of
its subsidiaries or acquired after the date thereof that are
material to the Company’s business on a consolidated basis
(except properties sold or otherwise disposed of since the date
thereof in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice), free and clear of all claims, liens, charges, security
interests, encroachments or encumbrances of any nature whatsoever,
except (A) mechanics’, carriers’, workmen’s,
repairmen’s, warehousemen’s or other like liens arising
or incurred in the ordinary course of business relating to
obligations that are not delinquent or that are being contested in
good faith by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (B) liens for
Taxes, assessments and other governmental charges that are not yet
due and payable, that may thereafter be paid without material
interest or penalty, that have been adequately provided for in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles or for
amounts being contested in good faith, (C) such imperfections
or irregularities of title, claims, liens, charges, security
interests, easements, covenants and other restrictions or
encumbrances as do not materially affect the use of the properties
or assets subject thereto or affected thereby or otherwise
materially impair business operations at such properties, (D)
zoning, building and other similar codes and regulations provided
the same are not materially violated, (E) liens or other
encumbrances that have been placed by any developer, landlord or
other third party on any real property in which the Company or any
of its subsidiaries has a leasehold interest and subordination or
similar agreements relating thereto (in each case, where the
applicable leasehold is subordinated thereto by its stated terms or
under applicable law), and (G) any conditions that may be shown by
a current, accurate survey or physical inspection of any real
property, and (ii) is the lessee of all material leasehold
estates reflected in the latest audited financial statements
included in the SEC Reports or acquired after the date thereof that
are material to its business on a consolidated basis (except for
leases that have expired by their terms since the date thereof or
been assigned, terminated or otherwise disposed of in accordance
with their terms in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice) and is in possession of the properties purported to
be leased thereunder, and each such material lease is valid without
default thereunder by the lessee or, to the Company’s
knowledge, the lessor (such lease and related documents affecting
real property being called “ Real Property Leases
”)). Each Real Property Lease is in full force and
effect and not subject to any sublets or similar
arrangements. Neither the Company, nor any of its
subsidiaries, owns any fee interests in Real Property.
SECTION 3.14.
Tax Matters .
(a)
Except as set forth on Section 3.14 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule (i) all Tax Returns required to be filed by the Company
and its subsidiaries prior to the date hereof have been timely
filed (taking into account all valid extensions) and were correct
and complete in all material respects, (ii) as of the date hereof,
all Taxes of the Company and its subsidiaries required to have been
paid have been paid on or before the due date for payment thereof
(except to the extent such Taxes are being contested in good
faith), (iii) the unpaid Taxes of the Company and its subsidiaries
did not, as of the date of the most recent financial statements
included in the SEC Reports, exceed the reserve for Tax liability
(rather than any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect
timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the
face of the most recent balance sheet included in the SEC Reports
(rather than in any notes thereto), (iv) there are no actions,
suits, proceedings, investigations, claims or audits in
17
progress or pending
with respect to Taxes of the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
(v) there are no liens for Taxes (other than Taxes not yet due and
payable, that may thereafter be paid without interest or penalty,
or for amounts being contested in good faith) upon any of the
assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, and (vi) neither
the Company nor any of its subsidiaries (A) has been a member of an
affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return
(other than a group the common parent of which was the Company) or
(B) has any liability for the Taxes of any person (other than the
Company, or any subsidiary of the Company) under Treasury
regulation section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state,
local or foreign law) or as a transferee or successor.
(b)
As of the date of this Agreement, there is not in force any
extension of time with respect to the due date for the filing of
any Tax Return by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any
waiver or agreement for any extension of time for the assessment or
payment of any Tax by the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
All deficiencies asserted or assessments made as a result of any
examinations have been fully paid, or are being contested in good
faith and an adequate reserve therefor has been established in
accordance with GAAP and are fully reflected in the financial
statements included in the SEC Reports. Neither the Company
nor any of its subsidiaries has any material liability for unpaid
Taxes incurred after the date of the most recent financial
statements included in the SEC Reports, other than Taxes incurred
by it in the ordinary course of business.
(c)
The Company is not a party to or bound by, and does not have and
has not had any obligations under, any tax indemnity, tax sharing,
tax allocation or similar agreement that includes a party other
than the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Neither the
Company nor any of its subsidiaries has constituted either a
“distributing corporation” or a “controlled
corporation” in a distribution of stock qualifying or
purporting to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of
the Code. No deductions for compensation paid or accrued by
the Company up to the date of the Effective Time are subject to
limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code. Neither the
Company nor any of its subsidiaries is obligated to make any
payments, or is a party to any agreement that under certain
circumstances could obligate it to make payments, that would result
in an excise Tax to the recipient of such payments pursuant to
Section 4999 of the Code. No claim has been asserted in
writing during the past three years against the Company or any of
its subsidiaries by a Taxing Authority in a jurisdiction where such
enti
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