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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION

Agreement and Plan of Merger

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION | Document Parties: KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC. | WHITE & SHADOW, INC You are currently viewing:
This Agreement and Plan of Merger involves

KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC. | WHITE & SHADOW, INC

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Title: AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
Governing Law: Delaware     Date: 2/22/2008
Industry: Communications Services     Law Firm: DLA Piper;Luce Forward     Sector: Services

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION, Parties: kratos defense & security solutions  inc. , white & shadow  inc
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Exhibit 2.1

 

Execution Version

 

 

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION

 

among:

 

KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.,

a Delaware corporation;

 

WHITE & SHADOW, INC.,

a California corporation; and

 

SYS,

a California corporation

 


 

Dated as of February 20, 2008

 


 

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

 

Page

SECTION 1

 

DESCRIPTION OF TRANSACTION

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

1.1

 

Merger of Merger Sub into the Company

 

2

1.2

 

Effect of the Merger

 

2

1.3

 

Closing; Effective Time

 

2

1.4

 

Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws; Directors and Officers

 

2

1.5

 

Conversion of Shares

 

3

1.6

 

Closing of the Company’s Transfer Books

 

4

1.7

 

Exchange of Certificates

 

4

1.8

 

Treatment of Company Options and Other Equity-Based Awards

 

5

1.9

 

Tax Consequences

 

6

1.10

 

Further Action

 

6

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 2

 

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

 

6

2.1

 

Organization and Good Standing

 

6

2.2

 

Authority; No Conflict

 

7

2.3

 

Capitalization

 

8

2.4

 

SEC Reports

 

10

2.5

 

Financial Statements

 

11

2.6

 

Property

 

12

2.7

 

Real Property; Equipment; Leasehold

 

12

2.8

 

Proprietary Rights

 

12

2.9

 

No Undisclosed Liabilities

 

18

2.10

 

Taxes

 

18

2.11

 

Employee Benefits

 

22

2.12

 

Compliance with Legal Requirements; Governmental Authorizations

 

25

2.13

 

Environmental Matters

 

26

2.14

 

Legal Proceedings

 

26

2.15

 

Absence of Certain Changes and Events

 

27

2.16

 

Contracts; No Defaults

 

28

2.17

 

Insurance

 

30

2.18

 

Labor Matters

 

30

2.19

 

Government Contracting

 

31

2.20

 

Interests of Officers and Directors

 

32

2.21

 

Export Control Laws; Encryption and Other Restricted Technology

 

32

2.22

 

Business Relationships

 

33

2.23

 

International Trade Matters

 

33

2.24

 

Rights Plan

 

33

2.25

 

Opinion of Financial Advisor

 

33

2.26

 

Brokers

 

33

2.27

 

Full Disclosure

 

33

2.28

 

Sale of Products; Performance of Services

 

34

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 3

 

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT

 

35

 

 

 

 

 

3.1

 

Organization and Good Standing

 

35

3.2

 

Authority; No Conflict

 

35

3.3

 

Capitalization

 

37

3.4

 

SEC Reports

 

38

3.5

 

Financial Statements

 

39

 

i



 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

 

3.6

 

Absence of Certain Changes and Events

 

40

3.7

 

Operation of Merger Sub

 

41

3.8

 

Property

 

41

3.9

 

Proprietary Rights

 

41

3.10

 

No Undisclosed Liabilities

 

42

3.11

 

Taxes

 

42

3.12

 

Employee Benefits

 

46

3.13

 

Compliance with Legal Requirements; Governmental Authorizations

 

48

3.14

 

Environmental Matters

 

49

3.15

 

Legal Proceedings

 

49

3.16

 

Real Property; Equipment; Leasehold

 

50

3.17

 

Contracts; No Defaults

 

50

3.18

 

Insurance

 

52

3.19

 

Labor Matters

 

52

3.20

 

Government Contracting

 

53

3.21

 

Interests of Officers and Directors

 

54

3.22

 

Export Control Laws; Encryption and Other Restricted Technology

 

54

3.23

 

International Trade Matters

 

55

3.24

 

Brokers

 

55

3.25

 

Full Disclosure

 

55

3.26

 

Sale of Products; Performance of Services

 

55

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 4

 

CONDUCT OF BUSINESS

 

56

 

 

 

 

 

4.1

 

Covenants of the Company

 

56

4.2

 

Covenants of Parent

 

60

4.3

 

Confidentiality

 

61

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 5

 

ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS

 

61

 

 

 

 

 

5.1

 

No Solicitation

 

61

5.2

 

Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus; Registration Statement

 

64

5.3

 

NASDAQ Quotation; AMEX Quotation

 

65

5.4

 

Access to Information

 

65

5.5

 

Stockholders’ Meeting

 

66

5.6

 

Legal Conditions to the Merger

 

67

5.7

 

Public Disclosure

 

69

5.8

 

Section 368(a) Reorganization

 

70

5.9

 

NASDAQ Stock Market Listing

 

70

5.10

 

Shareholder Litigation

 

70

5.11

 

Indemnification

 

70

5.12

 

Employee Matters

 

71

5.13

 

Employee Benefit Plan – 401(k) Plan

 

71

5.14

 

Notification of Certain Matters

 

71

5.15

 

Exemption from Liability Under Section 16(b)

 

72

5.16

 

Tax Matters

 

73

5.17

 

Obligations of Merger Sub

 

73

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 6

 

CONDITIONS TO MERGER

 

73

 

 

 

 

 

6.1

 

Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation To Effect the Merger

 

73

 

ii



 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

 

6.2

 

Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent and the Merger Sub

 

74

6.3

 

Additional Conditions to Obligations of the Company

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 7

 

TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT

 

77

 

 

 

 

 

7.1

 

Termination

 

77

7.2

 

Effect of Termination

 

78

7.3

 

Fees and Expenses

 

79

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 8

 

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

 

79

 

 

 

 

 

8.1

 

Amendment

 

79

8.2

 

Remedies Cumulative; Waiver

 

79

8.3

 

No Survival

 

80

8.4

 

Entire Agreement

 

80

8.5

 

Execution of Agreement; Counterparts; Electronic Signatures

 

80

8.6

 

Governing Law

 

81

8.7

 

Consent to Jurisdiction; Venue

 

81

8.8

 

WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL

 

81

8.9

 

Disclosure Schedules

 

81

8.10

 

Attorneys’ Fees

 

82

8.11

 

Assignments and Successors

 

82

8.12

 

No Third Party Rights

 

82

8.13

 

Notices

 

82

8.14

 

Construction; Usage

 

83

8.15

 

Enforcement of Agreement

 

84

8.16

 

Severability

 

84

8.17

 

Time of Essence

 

85

 

iii



 

EXHIBITS

 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

Certain Definitions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

Form of Company Voting Undertaking

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

Form of Parent Voting Undertaking

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT D

 

Articles of Incorporation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT E

 

Agreement of Merger

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT F

 

Form of Letter of Transmittal from Parent Exchange Agent

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT G

 

Employment Agreement for Key Employees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Schedule A

 

List of Signatories for Company Voting Undertakings

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Schedule B

 

List of Signatories for Parent Voting Undertakings

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Schedule 6.2(c)

 

Key Employees

 

 

 

iv



EXECUTION VERSION

 

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION

 

THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION (“ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of February 20, 2008, by and among:  KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC , a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”); WHITE SHADOW, INC. , a California corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”); and SYS , a California corporation (the “ Company ”).  Capitalized terms used in this Agreement are defined in EXHIBIT A .

 

RECITALS

 

A.            Parent, Merger Sub and the Company intend to effect a merger of Merger Sub into the Company in accordance with this Agreement, Delaware Law and California Law (the “ Merger ”).  Upon consummation of the Merger, Merger Sub will cease to exist, and the Company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.

 

B.            The respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have deemed it advisable and in the best interests of their respective corporations and shareholders that Merger Sub and the Company consummate the Merger provided for herein.

 

C.            For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the parties intend that the Merger will qualify as a tax free reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”) and intend for this Agreement to constitute a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United States Treasury Regulations.

 

D.            Concurrent with the execution of this Agreement and as a condition to and inducement of Parent’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, the executive officers and certain directors of the Company set forth on Schedule A are entering into voting undertakings in substantially the form attached as EXHIBIT B (the “ Company Voting Undertakings ”).

 

E.             Concurrent with the execution of this Agreement and as a condition to and inducement of the Company’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, the directors and executive officers of Parent set forth on Schedule B are entering into voting undertakings in substantially the form attached as EXHIBIT C (the “ Parent Voting Undertakings ,” and, with the Company Voting Undertakings, the “ Voting Undertakings ”).

 

F.             The respective boards of directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have approved this Agreement and approved the Merger.

 

G.            Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain  representations and warranties and other agreements in connection with the Merger.

 



 

AGREEMENT

 

The parties to this Agreement, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

 

SECTION 1          DESCRIPTION OF TRANSACTION.

 

1.1          Merger of Merger Sub into the Company .  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Agreement of Merger (the “ Merger Agreement ”) attached hereto as EXHIBIT D and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and California Law, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company, and the separate existence of Merger Sub shall cease.  Following the Effective Time, the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation (the “ Surviving Corporation ”).

 

1.2          Effect of the Merger .  The Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement, the Merger Agreement and in the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and California law.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.

 

1.3          Closing; Effective Time .  The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the offices of DLA Piper US LLP, 4365 Executive Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, at 10:00 a.m. on a date to be designated by Parent (the “ Closing Date ”), which shall be no later than the third business day after the satisfaction or waiver of the last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in Section 6 (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of such conditions).  Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Merger Agreement shall be duly executed by the Company and Merger Sub and, simultaneously with or as soon as practicable following the Closing, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of California (the “ California Secretary of State ”).  The Merger shall become effective upon the later of:  (a) the date and time of the filing of the Agreement of Merger with the California Secretary of State, or (b) such later date and time as may be specified in the Merger Agreement.  The date and time the Merger becomes effective is referred to in this Agreement as the “ Effective Time .”

 

1.4          Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws; Directors and Officers.  At the Effective Time:

 

1.4(a)       the Articles of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as set forth in Exhibit E ;

 

1.4(b)       the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation shall be the Bylaws of the Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, until thereafter amended; and

 

 

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1.4(c)       the directors and officers of the Surviving Corporation immediately after the Effective Time shall be the respective individuals who are the directors and officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time.

 

1.5          Conversion of Shares .

 

1.5(a)       At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any further action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or any shareholder of the Company:

 

(i)            any shares of Company Common Stock then held by the Company or any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor;

 

(ii)           any shares of Company Common Stock then held by Parent, Merger Sub or any other Subsidiary of Parent shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor;

 

(iii)         except as provided in clauses (i) and (ii) above and subject to Sections 1.5(b)  and 1.5(c), each share of Company Common Stock then outstanding shall be converted into the right to receive 1.2582 shares of Parent Common Stock;

 

(iv)          each share of the common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of Merger Sub then outstanding shall be converted into one share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.

 

The fraction determined by the number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued for each share of Company Common Stock as specified in Section 1.5(a)(iii)  (as such fraction may be adjusted in accordance with Section 1.5(b) ) is referred to as the “ Exchange Ratio .”

 

1.5(b)       If, between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or Parent Common Stock are changed into a different number or class of shares by reason of any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification, recapitalization or other similar transaction, then the Exchange Ratio shall be appropriately adjusted.

 

1.5(c)       No fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the Merger, and no certificates or scrip for any such fractional shares shall be issued.  Any holder of Company Common Stock who would otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to such holder) shall, in lieu of such fraction of a share and upon surrender of such holder’s Company Stock Certificate(s) (as defined in Section 1.6 ), be paid in cash the dollar amount (rounded to the nearest whole cent), without interest, determined by multiplying such fraction by the average closing price of Parent Common Stock during the three trading days immediately preceding the Closing Date.

 

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1.5(d)       Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of Parent Common Stock adequate for the purpose of issuing its shares to the shareholders of the Company in accordance with this Agreement and the Company Warrants.

 

1.6          Closing of the Company’s Transfer Books .  At the Effective Time:  (a) all holders of certificates representing shares of Company Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights as shareholders of the Company other than the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of any fractional share of Parent Common Stock) as contemplated by Section 1.5 ; and (b) the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed with respect to all shares of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.  No further transfer of any such shares of Company Common Stock shall be made on such stock transfer books after the Effective Time.  If, after the Effective Time, a valid certificate previously representing shares of Company Common Stock (a “ Company Stock Certificate ”) is presented to the Exchange Agent or to the Surviving Corporation or Parent, such Company Stock Certificate shall be canceled and shall be exchanged as provided in Section 1.7 .

 

1.7          Exchange of Certificates.

 

1.7(a)       On or prior to the Closing Date, Parent shall select a reputable bank or trust company to act as exchange agent in the Merger (the “ Exchange Agent ”).  Promptly after the Effective Time, but in no event later than two business days thereafter, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent (i) certificates representing the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Section 1 , and (ii) cash sufficient to make payments in lieu of fractional shares in accordance with Section 1.5(c) .  The shares of Parent Common Stock and cash amounts so deposited with the Exchange Agent, together with any dividends or distributions received by the Exchange Agent with respect to such shares, are referred to collectively as the “ Exchange Fund .”

 

1.7(b)       As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time but in any event not later than five business days after the Effective Time, the Exchange Agent will mail to the record holders of Company Stock Certificates (i) a letter of transmittal in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F , and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of Company Stock Certificates in exchange for certificates representing Parent Common Stock.  Upon surrender of a Company Stock Certificate to the Exchange Agent for exchange, together with a duly executed letter of transmittal and such other documents as may be reasonably required by the Exchange Agent or Parent, (1) the holder of such Company Stock Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate or evidence of shares in book entry form representing the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of Section 1.5 (and cash in lieu of any fractional share of Parent Common Stock), and (2) the Company Stock Certificate so surrendered shall be canceled.  Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 1.7 , each Company Stock Certificate shall be deemed, from and after the Effective Time, to represent only the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of any fractional share of Parent Common Stock) as contemplated by this Section 1 .  If any Company Stock Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the

 

4



 

issuance of any certificate representing Parent Common Stock, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Stock Certificate to provide an appropriate affidavit and to deliver a bond (in such sum as Parent may reasonably direct) as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Exchange Agent, Parent or the Surviving Corporation with respect to such Company Stock Certificate.

 

1.7(c)       No dividends or other distributions declared or made with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Company Stock Certificate with respect to the shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right to receive in the Merger until such holder surrenders such Company Stock Certificate in accordance with this Section 1.7 (at which time such holder shall be entitled, subject to the effect of applicable abandoned property laws, escheat laws or similar laws, to receive all such dividends and distributions, without interest).

 

1.7(d)       Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to holders of Company Stock Certificates as of the date 180 days after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Parent upon demand, and any holders of Company Stock Certificates who have not theretofore surrendered their Company Stock Certificates in accordance with this Section 1.7 shall thereafter look only to Parent for satisfaction of their claims for Parent Common Stock, cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock and any dividends or distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock.

 

1.7(e)       Each of the Exchange Agent, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any consideration payable or otherwise deliverable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder or former holder of Company Common Stock such amounts as may be required to be deducted or withheld therefrom under the Code or any provision of state, local or foreign tax law or under any other applicable Legal Requirement.  To the extent such amounts are so deducted or withheld and paid over to the proper Governmental Body, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes under this Agreement as having been paid to the Person to whom such amounts would otherwise have been paid.

 

1.7(f)        Neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation shall be liable to any holder or former holder of Company Common Stock or to any other Person with respect to any shares of Parent Common Stock (or dividends or distributions with respect thereto), or for any cash amounts properly delivered to any public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property law, escheat law or similar Legal Requirement.

 

1.8          Treatment of Company Options and Other Equity-Based Awards.

 

1.8(a)       At the Effective Time each option granted (or previously assumed) by the Company to purchase shares of Company Common Stock (each a “ Company Option ”), which is outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time (each an “ Outstanding Company Option ”), other than the Company Warrants, shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock and shall be terminated.  Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall take all action necessary to effect the termination of all Company Options as contemplated by this Section 1.8(a) , including without limitation acceleration of the vesting of Outstanding Company Options in accordance with their terms.

 

5



 

1.8(b)       Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all actions (including, if appropriate, amending the terms of the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ ESPP ”)) that are necessary to (i) cause the ending date of the then current purchase period under the ESPP to occur on or before the last trading day prior to the Effective Time (the “ Final Purchase Date ”), (ii) cause all then existing offerings under the ESPP to terminate immediately following the purchase on the Final Purchase Date, (iii) suspend all future offerings that would otherwise commence under the ESPP following the Final Purchase Date and (iv) cease all further payroll deductions under the ESPP effective as of the Final Purchase Date.  On the Final Purchase Date, the Company shall apply the funds credited as of such date under the ESPP within each participant’s payroll withholding account to the purchase of whole shares of Company Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the ESPP, which shares shall be treated in the manner described in Section 1.5 .

 

1.8(c)       No Company Options, or any other equity compensation plans of the Company, including plan documents governing options or any other equity-based award which may have been assumed as a result of corporate acquisition transactions by the Company, as applicable (collectively, and in each case as the same may be amended to the date hereof, the “ Company Stock Plans ”) will continue after the Effective time or be assumed or continued by Parent or the Surviving Corporation; provided that Company Warrants will continue to be in effect pursuant to their terms.

 

1.9          Tax Consequences .  For federal income tax purposes, the Merger is intended to constitute a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.  The parties to this Agreement hereby adopt this Agreement as a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United States Treasury Regulations.

 

1.10        Further Action .  If, at any time after the Effective Time, any further action is determined by Parent to be necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement or to vest the Surviving Corporation with full right, title and possession of and to all rights and property of Merger Sub and the Company, the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation and Parent shall be fully authorized (in the name of Merger Sub, in the name of the Company and otherwise) to take such action.

 

SECTION 2          REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.

 

Except as set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:

 

2.1          Organization and Good Standing.

 

2.1(a)       The Acquired Corporations are corporations or other Entities duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing (where such concept is applicable) under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation or organization, with full corporate power or other Entity authority to conduct their respective businesses as now being conducted, to own or use the respective properties and assets that they purport to own or use, and to perform all their respective obligations under Acquired Corporation Contracts.  Each of the

 

6



 

Acquired Corporations is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or other Entity and is in good standing (where such concept is applicable) under the laws of each state or other jurisdiction in which either the ownership or use of the properties owned or used by it, or the nature of the activities conducted by it, requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.1(b)       Part 2.1(b)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, as of the date hereof, all Acquired Corporations and indicates as to each the type of Entity, its jurisdiction of organization and, except in the case of the Company, its shareholders or other equity holders.  Part 2.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies of, the certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws and other organizational documents (collectively, the “ Organizational Documents ”) of each of the Acquired Corporations, as currently in effect.  For the purposes of this Agreement, the phrase “made available” when used in connection with either party shall constitute the production by that party of such document(s) in an electronic dataroom for purposes of review by the other party and its legal counsel and advisors in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement.

 

2.1(c)       The Company has made available to Parent copies of, the charters of each committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “ Company Board ”) and any code of conduct or similar policy adopted by the Company.

 

2.2          Authority; No Conflict.

 

2.2(a)       The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to which it is a party, to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (collectively, and including the transactions contemplated by the Company Voting Undertakings, the “ Contemplated Transactions ”).  The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Contemplated Transactions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Contemplated Transactions (other than, with respect to the Merger, the Required Company Shareholder Vote and the filing of appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law and California Law).  The Board of Directors of the Company has unanimously approved this Agreement, declared it to be advisable and resolved to recommend to the shareholders of the Company that they vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law and California Law.  This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to rights of creditors generally and (ii) rules of law and equity governing specific performance, injunctive relief and other equitable remedies.

 

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2.2(b)       Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of any of the Contemplated Transactions do or will, directly or indirectly (with or without notice or lapse of time or both), (i) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of (A) any provision of the Organizational Documents of any of the Acquired Corporations, or (B) any resolution adopted by the board of directors or the stockholders of any of the Acquired Corporations; (ii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of, or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to challenge any of the Contemplated Transactions or to exercise any remedy or obtain any relief (other than dissenter’s rights) under, any Legal Requirement or any order to which any of the Acquired Corporations, or any of the assets owned or used by any of the Acquired Corporations, is or may be subject; (iii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of any of the terms or requirements of, or give any Governmental Body the right to revoke, withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or modify, any Governmental Authorization that is held by any of the Acquired Corporations or to which any Acquired Corporation is a party or by which any Acquired Corporation or its assets are bound; (iv) cause any of the Acquired Corporations to become subject to, or to become liable for the payment of, any Tax; (v) cause any of the assets owned by any of the Acquired Corporations to be reassessed or revalued by any Governmental Body; (vi) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any Acquired Corporation Contract; (vii) require a Consent from any Person; or (viii) result in the imposition or creation of any Encumbrance upon or with respect to any of the assets owned or used by any of the Acquired Corporations, except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (viii), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences that would not prevent or delay consummation of the Merger in any material respect, or otherwise prevent the Company from performing its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, or would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.2(c)       The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions by the Company will not, require any Consent of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Body, except for (i) (A) applicable requirements, if any, of the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, the American Stock Exchange and state securities or “blue sky” laws (“ Blue Sky Laws ”), (B) the pre-merger notification requirements of the HSR Act, (C) the filing of the Certificate of Merger as required by Delaware Law and California Law and (D) any applicable non-United States competition, antitrust and investment laws, and (ii) such other Consents, filings or notifications where failure to obtain such Consents, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the consummation of the Merger in any material respect, or otherwise prevent the Company from performing its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, and would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.3          Capitalization .  The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 48,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, 2,000,000 shares of Company Preference Stock, and 250,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock.  As of the date hereof, (a) 19,722,108 shares of Company Common Stock are issued and outstanding, all of which have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and nonassessable, (b) 2,140,200 

 

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shares of Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Company Options or the exercise, settlement or conversion of any other equity-based awards outstanding under the Company Stock Plans, (c) 1,554,900 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance and available for the future grant of equity-based awards under the Company Stock Plans, (d) 508,401 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of the Company Warrants, (e) 1,118,261 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance under the ESPP, (f) 868,000 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of the outstanding convertible debt of the Company, and (g) 877,406 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Company’s 401(k) Plan.  Except as described above, there are not any bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or other securities of the Company having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which shareholders of the Company may vote.  Except as set forth in this Section 2.3 , as of the date hereof no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company are issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding, and no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company will be issued or become outstanding after the date hereof and before the Effective Time other than upon exercise of the Company Options or the exercise, settlement or conversion of any other equity-based awards under the Company Stock Plans outstanding as of the date hereof, the exercise of Company Warrants, the conversion of outstanding convertible debt of the Company, or issuances under the ESPP or the Company 401(k) Plan.  Except as set forth in this Section 2.3 , as of the date hereof, there are no Options relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of any of the Acquired Corporations, or obligating any of the Acquired Corporations to issue, grant or sell any shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, or securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, equity interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.  Since December 28, 2007 through the date of this Agreement, the Company has not issued any shares of its capital stock or Options in respect thereof except upon the exercise of the Company Options, the exercise, settlement or conversion of any other equity-based awards, or issuances under the ESPP or the Company 401(k) Plan referred to above.  All shares of Company Common Stock subject to issuance as described above will, upon issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  None of the Acquired Corporations has any Contract or other obligation to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of Company Common Stock or any capital stock of any of the Company’s Subsidiaries, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any other Person.  Each outstanding share of capital stock of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and is owned by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Encumbrances other than Permitted Encumbrances.  None of the outstanding equity securities or other securities of any of the Acquired Corporations was issued in violation of the Securities Act or any other Legal Requirement.  None of the Acquired Corporations owns, or has any Contract or other obligation to acquire, any equity securities or other securities of any Person (other than Subsidiaries of the Company) or any direct or indirect equity or ownership interest in any other business.  None of the Acquired Corporations is a general partner of any general or limited partnership.  Each Company Option or other right to acquire Company Common Stock or other equity of the Company has at all times since July 1, 2004 been properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the Company’s audited financial statements.

 

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2.4          SEC Reports .

 

2.4(a)       The Company has filed on a timely basis all forms, reports and documents required to be filed by it with the SEC since July 1, 2004.  Except to the extent available in full without redaction on the SEC’s web site through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“ EDGAR ”) two days prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company has made available to Parent copies in the form filed with the SEC (including the full text of any document filed subject to a request for confidential treatment) of all of the following that have been filed with the SEC prior to the date hereof:  (i) the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for each fiscal year of the Company beginning on or after July 1, 2004, (ii) the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for each of the first three fiscal quarters in each of the fiscal years of the Company referred to in clause (i), (iii) all proxy and information statements relating to the Company’s meetings of shareholders (whether annual or special) held, and all information statements relating to shareholder consents, since the beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in clause (i), (iv) the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K filed since the beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in clause (i), (v) all other forms, reports, registration statements and other documents (other than drafts of such materials if the corresponding definitive materials have been provided to Parent pursuant to this Section 2.4 ) filed by the Company with the SEC since the beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in clause (i) (the forms, reports, registration statements and other documents referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above, whether or not available through EDGAR, are, collectively, the “ Company SEC Reports ,” and, to the extent available in full without redaction through EDGAR at least two business days prior to the date of this Agreement, the “ Filed Company SEC Reports ,” (vi) all certifications and statements required by Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“ SOX ”), and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, with respect to any report referred to in clause (i) or (ii) (collectively, the “ Company Certifications ”), and (vii) all comment letters received by the Company from the staff of the SEC since July 1, 2004 and all responses to such comment letters by or on behalf of the Company.  No Subsidiary of the Company is, or since July 1, 2004 has been, required to file any form, report, registration statement or other document with the SEC.  As used in this Section 2.4 , the term “file” shall be broadly construed to include any manner in which a document or information is furnished, transmitted or otherwise made available to the SEC.

 

2.4(b)       Each of the Company SEC Reports (i) as of the date of the filing of such report, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and, to the extent then applicable, SOX, including in each case, the rules and regulations thereunder, and (ii) as of its filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a subsequent filing prior to the date hereof, on the date of such filing) did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

2.4(c)       The Company Certifications complied with Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906 of SOX and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, and the statements contained in the Company Certifications were true and correct as of the date of the filing thereof.

 

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2.4(d)        The Acquired Corporations have implemented and maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), and such controls and procedures are effective to ensure that (i) all material information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) all such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

2.4(e)        The Company is, and since January 1, 2005 has been, in compliance in all material respects with (i) the applicable listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of the American Stock Exchange, and (ii) the applicable provisions of SOX.  The Company has made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of (i) all correspondence between the Acquired Corporations and the SEC since July 1, 2004 and (ii) all correspondence between the Acquired Corporations and the American Stock Exchange since January 1, 2005.

 

2.4(f)         The Acquired Corporations have implemented and maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) sufficient to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, without limitation, that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.  Since December 28, 2007, (a) there have not been any changes in the Acquired Corporations’ internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Acquired Corporations’ internal control over financial reporting, and (b) all “significant deficiencies” and “material weaknesses” (as such terms are defined by the Public Accounting Oversight Board) have been disclosed to the Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the Company Board.

 

2.5           Financial Statements .

 

2.5(a)        Each of the financial statements (including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports complied with the rules and regulations of the SEC (including Regulation 
S-X) as of the date of the filing of such reports, was prepared in accordance with GAAP, and fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and the results of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flow of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective dates of and for the periods referred to in such financial statements, subject, in the case of interim financial statements, to (i) the omission of notes to the extent permitted by Regulation S-X (that, in the case of interim financial statements included in the Company SEC Reports since the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, would not differ materially from the notes to the financial statements included in such Annual Report) (the consolidated balance sheet included in

 

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such Annual Report, the “ Company Balance Sheet ”), and (ii) normal, recurring year-end adjustments (the effect of which will not, individually or in the aggregate, be materially adverse to the Acquired Corporations, taken as a whole).  The financial statements referred to in this Section 2.5 reflect the consistent application of such accounting principles throughout the periods involved, except as disclosed in the notes to such financial statements.  No financial statements of any Person other than the Subsidiaries of the Company are, or, since July 1, 2004 have been, required by GAAP to be included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

 

2.5(b)        Part 2.5(b)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies of, the documents creating or governing all of the Company’s Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

 

2.6           Property .  The Acquired Corporations (i) have good and valid title to all property material to the business of the Acquired Corporations and reflected in the latest audited financial statements included in the Filed Company SEC Reports as being owned by the Acquired Corporations or acquired after the date thereof (except for property sold or otherwise disposed of in the Ordinary Course of Business since the date thereof), free and clear of all Encumbrances except (A) the lien of the Company’s principal lender, (B) Permitted Encumbrances and (C) such imperfections or irregularities of title or Encumbrances as do not affect the use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby or otherwise materially impair the business operations in which such properties are used, in either case in such a manner as to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations, and (ii) are collectively the lessee of all property material to the business of the Acquired Corporations and reflected as leased in the latest audited financial statements included in the Company SEC Reports (or on the books and records of the Company as of the date thereof) or acquired after the date thereof (except for leases that have expired by their terms) and are in possession of the properties purported to be leased thereunder, and each such lease is valid and in full force and effect without default thereunder by the lessee or, to the Knowledge of the Company, the lessor, other than defaults that would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.  For the avoidance of doubt, the representations and warranties set forth in this Section 2.6 do not apply to Proprietary Rights, which matters are specifically addressed in Section 2.8 .

 

2.7           Real Property; Equipment; Leasehold .  All material items of equipment and other tangible assets owned by or leased to the Acquired Corporations are adequate for the uses to which they are being put, are in good and safe condition and repair (ordinary wear and tear excepted) and are adequate for the conduct of the business of the Acquired Corporations in the manner in which such business is currently being conducted.  None of the Acquired Corporations own any material real property or any material interest in real property.  Part 2.7 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains an accurate and complete list of all the Acquired Corporations’ material real property leases.

 

2.8           Proprietary Rights .

 

2.8(a)        Part 2.8(a)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists the following with respect to Proprietary Rights of each Acquired Corporation:

 

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(i)             Part 2.8(a)(i)(A)  lists all of the Patents and Patent Applications owned by any of the Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction.  Part 2.8(a)(i)(B)  lists all of the Patents and Patent Applications relating to any Acquired Corporation Product in which, any of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest (including, without limitation, any interest acquired through a license, other right to use or any covenant not to sue/assert or other immunity from suit granted to any Acquired Corporation) other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations, and excluding nonexclusive licenses for “off the shelf” software widely available through regular commercial distribution channels on standard terms and conditions, setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction and the nature of the right, title or interest held by any of the Acquired Corporations.  As used in this Section 2.8, “Knowledge” or “knowledge” as it relates to an Acquired Corporation Product acquired by the Acquired Corporations from a third-party shall limited to the actual knowledge either: (i) acquired from materials and information provided during due diligence undertaken during the acquisition; or (ii) acquired since acquisition of the applicable Acquired Corporation Product.  As used in this Section 2.8 and in Section 2.16, the phrase “related to” (and any substantially similar phrase (e.g., “relating to”)) shall mean that absent the ownership of or a license to such Proprietary Right, the using, making, selling, offering for sale, marketing, importing, reproducing, modifying or distributing the Acquired Corporation Product would infringe or misappropriate such Proprietary Right.

 

(ii)            Part 2.8(a)(ii)(A)  lists all of the Registered Trademarks owned by any of the Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction.  Part 2.8(a)(ii)(B)  lists all of the Registered Trademarks relating to any Acquired Corporation Product in which, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest, other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations (including, without limitation, any interest acquired through a license or other right to use), setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction and the nature of the right, title or interest held by any of the Acquired Corporations.

 

(iii)          Part 2.8(a)(iii)(A)  lists all of the Registered Copyrights and applications for copyright registration owned by any of the Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction.  Part 2.8(a)(iii)(B)  lists all of the Registered Copyrights relating to any Acquired Corporation Product in which, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest, other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations (including, without limitation, any interest acquired through a license or other right to use), and excluding nonexclusive licenses for “off the shelf” software widely available through regular commercial distribution channels on standard terms and conditions, setting forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction.

 

2.8(b)     The Acquired Corporations are the sole and exclusive owners of and have good and valid title to all of the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights identified in Parts 2.8(a)(i)(A), 2.8(a)(ii)(A)  and 2.8(a)(iii)(A)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule and all Trade Secrets owned by any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, free and clear of all Encumbrances, except for (i) any lien for current taxes not yet due and payable, (ii) minor liens that have arisen in the Ordinary Course of Business and

 

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that do not (individually or in the aggregate) materially detract from the value of the assets subject thereto or materially impair the operations of the Acquired Corporations and (iii) general or blanket liens identified elsewhere in the Company Disclosure Schedule.  To the Knowledge of the Company, the Acquired Corporations have the rights set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule to exploit the Proprietary Rights identified in Parts 2.8(a)(i)(B), 2.8(a)(ii)(B) , and 2.8(c)(iii)(B)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule and all Trade Secrets used by any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations (including without limitation interest acquired through a license or other right to use).  With respect to any Proprietary Rights licensed from a third party, to the Knowledge of the Company, no third party that has licensed Proprietary Rights to any Acquired Corporation has any ownership or license rights to improvements or derivative works to such Proprietary Rights made by or on behalf of such Acquired Corporation.  The Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights identified in Part 2.8(a) , together with the Trade Secrets used by any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, constitutes, to the Knowledge of the Company all Proprietary Rights used or currently proposed to be used in the business of any of the Acquired Corporations relating to any Acquired Corporation Technology or to any Acquired Corporation Product as such business was conducted prior to or on the date of this Agreement.

 

2.8(c)        Part 2.8(c)  lists all Company Material Contracts relating to any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights and any Acquired Corporation Technology, as follows:

 

(i)             Part 2.8(c)(i)  lists Contracts that grant, transfer or license any rights in any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights to any Person, provided that Part 2.8(c)(i)  does not list any Acquired Corporation Contract entered into with customers in the Ordinary Course of Business which Contracts are in the form of the Acquired Corporations’ standard form agreement without material modification and copies of such standard forms have been provided to Parent or its counsel; and

 

(ii)            Part 2.8(c)(ii)  lists Contracts, other than nonexclusive licenses for “off the shelf” software widely available through regular commercial distribution channels on standard terms and conditions, that grant, transfer or license to any Acquired Corporation any rights in any Proprietary Rights or Technology relating to any Acquired Corporation Product or any Acquired Corporation Technology that are not owned by the Company.  To the Knowledge of the Company, other than as provided in the Contracts listed in Part 2.8(c)(ii), there are no royalties, fees or other amounts payable by any of the Acquired Corporations to any Person by reason of the ownership, use, sale or disposition of Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights, Acquired Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products; and

 

(iii)          Except as provided for in Contracts of the types listed in Part 2.8(c)(i-ii) , none of the Acquired Corporations has entered into any written or oral Contract, or other arrangement to indemnify any other person against any charge of infringement by any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights, Acquired Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Product other than unaltered indemnification provisions contained in standard form sales or other agreements with customers, end users or distributors arising in the Ordinary Course of Business, the forms of which have been made available to Parent or its counsel.  No

 

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Acquired Corporation is a party to any Contract limiting any Acquired Corporation’s ability to market, sell or distribute an Acquired Corporation Product in any market, field or geographical area or that restricts the use, transfer, delivery or licensing of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology; and

 

(iv)           Part 2.8(c)(iv)  lists each Acquired Corporation Product that, to the Knowledge of the Company, contains any software that is subject to an open source license and lists the open source license applicable to such Acquired Corporation Product.  For purposes of the foregoing the term “open source license” means any software that is distributed as free software, open source software, or general public software (e.g., Linux), including without limitation software licensed or distributed under any of the following licenses:  (i) GNU’s General Public License (GPL) or Lesser/Library GPL (LGPL); (ii) the Artistic License (e.g., PERL); (iii) the Mozilla Public License; (iv) the Netscape Public License); (v) the Sun Community Source License (SCSL); (vi) the Sun Industry Standards License (SISL); (vii) the BSD License; and (viii) the Apache License.  The Acquired Corporations have complied with the terms and conditions in each such open source license Contract.

 

2.8(d)        Except as listed in Part 2.8(d)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule,

 

(i)             None of the Acquired Corporations jointly owns, licenses or claims any right, title or interest with any other Person any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology,

 

(ii)            No Person has asserted or threatened a claim, against an Acquired Corporation, nor to the Knowledge of the Company are there any facts which could give rise to a claim, which would adversely affect (i) any Acquired Corporation’s ownership rights to, or rights under, any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology or (ii) any Contract under which any Acquired Corporation claims any right, title or interest under any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology;

 

(iii)          None of the Acquired Corporations is subject to any proceeding or outstanding decree, order, judgment or stipulation restricting the use, transfer or licensing of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights, Acquired Corporation Technology or any Acquired Corporation Products by any of the Acquired Corporations, or which adversely affects the validity, use or enforceability of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights;

 

(iv)           To the Knowledge of the Company, no Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology owned by an Acquired Corporation have been infringed or misappropriated by any Person.  To the Knowledge of the Company, there is no unauthorized use, disclosure or misappropriation of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology; and

 

(v)             To the Knowledge of the Company, all Registered Copyrights, Registered Trademarks and domain names owned by any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product (A) have been duly filed or registered (as

 

 

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applicable) with the applicable Governmental Body, and maintained in accordance with the legal and administrative requirements in the applicable jurisdictions, (B) have not lapsed, expired or been abandoned and (C) no opposition proceedings have been commenced related thereto.  To the Knowledge of the Company, there does not exist any fact with respect to the Trademarks owned by the Acquired Corporations that would (i) preclude the issuance of any Registered Trademarks from any trademark applications, or (ii) render any such Registered Trademarks invalid or unenforceable.  To the Knowledge of the Company, there does not exist any fact with respect to any Copyrights owned by the Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product that would (i) preclude the issuance of any Registered Copyright from any copyright applications, or (ii) render any such Copyrights invalid or unenforceable.

 

2.8(e)        Except as listed in Parts 2.8 (a)-(d)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule,

 

(i)             (A)  To the Knowledge of the Company, all Patents in which any of the Acquired Corporations has any ownership interest and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, have been prosecuted in good faith and are in good standing, (B) there are no inventorship challenges, opposition or interference proceedings relating to any such Patents, (C) to the Knowledge of the Company, all such Patents are valid and enforceable, and (D) to the Knowledge of the Company, all prosecution, maintenance and annual fees have been fully paid when due in the correct entity status amount;

 

(ii)            To the Knowledge of the Company, there is no material fact with respect to any Patent Application in which any of the Acquired Corporations has any ownership interest and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product that would (i) preclude the issuance of an Issued Patent from such Patent Application or (ii) render any Issued Patent issuing from such Patent Application invalid or unenforceable;

 

(iii)          No Person has asserted or threatened a claim against an Acquired Corporation, nor to the Knowledge of the Company are there any facts which could give rise to a claim, that any Acquired Corporation Product (or any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Right or Acquired Corporation Technology embodied in any Acquired Corporation Product) infringes or misappropriates or constitutes unlawful use of any Person’s Proprietary Rights.  Other than: (i) the parties granting rights and identified in Part 2.8(c)(ii)  or (ii) licensees for “off the shelf” software widely available through regular commercial distribution channels on standard terms and conditions, no Person has notified any Acquired Corporation that the Acquired Corporation requires a license to any of that Person’s Proprietary Rights and no Acquired Corporation has received any unsolicited written offer to license (or any other notice of) any Person’s Proprietary Rights.

 

(iv)           To the knowledge of the Company, each of the Acquired Corporations has taken commercially reasonable and customary measures and precautions necessary to protect and maintain the confidentiality and restrict the use of all Trade Secrets in which any of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest and which relate to any Acquired Corporation Product or any Acquire Corporation Technology.

 

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2.8(f)         The Acquired Corporations have not inserted into any Acquired Corporation Product or system, program or software module included therein, any “back door,” “time bomb,” “Trojan horse,” “worm,” “drop dead device,” “virus” or other software routines or hardware components designed to permit unauthorized access or to disable or erase software, hardware or data without the consent of the user.  To the knowledge of the Company, no Acquired Corporation Product or system, program or software module included therein, includes any “back door,” “time bomb,” “Trojan horse,” “worm,” “drop dead device,” “virus” or other software routines or hardware components designed to permit unauthorized access or to disable or erase software, hardware or data without the consent of the user.

 

2.8(g)        None of the Acquired Corporations are and never have been a member or promoter of, or a contributor to or made any commitments or agreements regarding any patent pool, industry standards body, standard setting organization, industry or other trade association or similar organization, in each case that could or does require or obligate an Acquired Corporation to grant or offer to any other Person any license or right to the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights and/or Acquired Corporation Technology.

 

2.8(h)        To the knowledge of the Company, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any ancillary agreement contemplated hereby, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or such ancillary agreements and the satisfaction of any closing condition will not contravene, conflict with or result in any limitation on any Acquired Corporation’s, or the Parent’s right, title or interest in or to the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights and/or Acquired Corporation Technology.

 

2.8(i)         The Acquired Corporations have provided to Parent copies of all Contracts with Governmental Bodies pursuant to which any Acquired Corporation Product or Acquired Corporation Technology was developed or created, in whole or in part, using the funding, facilities or personnel of any Governmental Body.  For such Acquired Corporation Products and the Acquired Corporation Technology, the applicable Acquired Corporation has (i) timely made all required disclosures regarding any Patents or patentable inventions resulting from or conceived during the development of any portion of such Acquired Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products developed under a Contract with any Governmental Body such that the Governmental Body does not have the right to take or claim title to such Patents or patentable inventions and (ii) timely made all required disclosures (on the appropriate Governmental Body schedule) of all technical data and technical information resulting from the development of any portion of any such Acquired Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products developed under any Contract with any Governmental Body in which the Governmental Body has unlimited, limited, restricted, government purpose or specifically negotiated rights.  The Acquired Corporations will provide to Parent prior to the Closing copies of any such disclosures described in (i) and (ii) above.

 

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2.8(j)         Company Products .

 

(i)             To the knowledge of the Company, all Technology and all Proprietary Rights that are incorporated into or part of any Acquired Corporation Product or that are necessary for the manufacture, test, sale and use of the Acquired Corporation Products is owned or licensed by the Acquired Corporation.

 

(ii)            To the knowledge of the Company, no customer or other Person has asserted or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened to assert any claim against any Acquired Corporation under or based upon any other warranty relating to any Acquired Corporation Product.

 

(iii)          No product liability claims have been threatened, alleged or filed against any Acquired Corporation related to any Acquired Corporation Product.

 

2.9           No Undisclosed Liabilities .  The Acquired Corporations have no liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether absolute, accrued, contingent, determined, determinable, choate, inchoate or otherwise), except for (i) liabilities or obligations reflected or reserved against in the Company Balance Sheet, or (ii) current liabilities incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business since the date of the Company Balance Sheet that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.10         Taxes .

 

2.10(a)      Timely Filing of Tax Returns .  The Acquired Corporations have filed or will cause to be filed all Tax Returns that are or were required to be filed by or with respect to any of them, either separately or as a member of a group of corporations, pursuant to applicable Legal Requirements for periods ending on or prior to the Closing.  All Tax Returns filed by (or that are included on a consolidated basis) any of the Acquired Corporations were (and, as to Tax Returns not filed as of the date hereof, will be) in all respects true, complete and correct and filed on a timely basis.

 

2.10(b)      Payment of Taxes .  The Acquired Corporations have, within the time and in the manner prescribed by law, paid (and until Closing will pay within the time and in the manner prescribed by law) all Taxes that are due and payable by the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.10(c)      Withholding Taxes .  Each of the Acquired Corporations have complied (and until the Closing will comply) with all applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the withholding of Taxes and have, within the times and in the manner prescribed by law, paid over (and until the Closing will pay over) to the proper Governmental Body all amounts required to be paid under applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the paying over of Taxes.

 

2.10(d)      Audits .  To Company’s Knowledge, no Tax Return of any of the Acquired Corporations is under audit or examination by any Governmental Body, and no notice of such an audit or examination has been received by any of the Acquired Corporations

 

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and none of the Acquired Corporations has Knowledge of any threatened audits, investigations or claims for or relating to Taxes, and there are no matters under discussion with any Governmental Body with respect to Taxes.  No issues relating to Taxes were raised in writing by the relevant Governmental Body during any presently pending audit or examination, and no issues relating to Taxes were raised in writing by the relevant Governmental Body in any completed audit or examination that can reasonably be expected to recur in a later taxable period.  Part 2.10(d)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies of, all examiner’s or auditor’s reports, notices of proposed adjustments or similar commissions received by any of the Acquired Corporations from any Governmental Body since December 31, 2004.

 

2.10(e)      Tax Reserves .  The charges, accruals, and reserves with respect to Taxes on the respective books of each of the Acquired Corporations are adequate (and until Closing will continue to be adequate) to pay all Taxes not yet due and payable and have been determined in accordance with generally accepted United States accounting principles.  No differences exist between the amounts of the book basis and the tax basis of assets (net of liabilities) that are not accounted for on any accrual on the books of the Acquired Corporations for federal income tax purposes.  There exists no proposed assessment of Taxes against any of the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.10(f)       Tax Liens .  No Encumbrance for Taxes exists with respect to any assets or properties of any of the Acquired Corporations, nor will any such encumbrances exist at Closing except for statutory liens for Taxes not yet due.

 

2.10(g)      Tax Sharing Agreements Part 2.10(g)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies of, any Tax sharing agreement, Tax allocation agreement, Tax indemnity obligation or similar written or unwritten agreement, arrangement, understanding or practice with respect to Taxes (including any advance pricing agreement, closing agreement or other agreement relating to Taxes with any Governmental Body) to which any of the Acquired Corporations is a party or by which any of the Acquired Corporations is bound.  No such agreements shall be modified or terminated prior to Closing without the consent of Parent.

 

2.10(h)      Extensions of Time for Filing Tax Returns .  None of the Acquired Corporations has requested any extension of time within which to file any Tax Return, which Tax Return has not since been filed.

 

2.10(i)       Waiver of Statutes of Limitations .  None of the Acquired Corporations has executed any outstanding waivers or comparable consents regarding the application of the statute of limitations with respect to any Taxes or Tax Returns.

 

2.10(j)       Powers of Attorney .  No power of attorney currently in force has been granted by any of the Acquired Corporations concerning any Taxes or Tax Return.

 

2.10(k)     Tax Rulings .  None of the Acquired Corporations has received or been the subject of a Tax Ruling (as defined below) or a request for Tax Ruling. 

 

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None of the Acquired Corporations has entered into a Closing Agreement (as defined below) with any Governmental Authority that would have a continuing effect after the Closing Date.  “ Tax Ruling ” shall mean a written ruling of a Governmental Authority relating to Taxes.  “ Closing Agreement ” shall mean a written and legally binding agreement with a Governmental Authority relating to Taxes.

 

2.10(l)       Availability of Tax Returns Part 2.10(l)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and Company has made available to Parent complete and accurate copies of all Tax Returns, and any amendments thereto, filed by or on behalf of, or which include, any of the Acquired Corporations, for all taxable periods ending after December 31, 2004 and on or prior to the Closing Date.

 

2.10(m)     Opinions of Counsel Part 2.10(m)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and Company has provided to Parent true and complete copies of all memoranda and opinions of counsel, whether inside or outside counsel, and all memoranda and opinions of accountants or other tax advisors, which have been received by any of the Acquired Corporations with respect to Taxes.

 

2.10(n)      Section 481 Adjustments .  None of the Acquired Corporations is required to include in income any adjustment pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 481 by reason of a voluntary change in accounting method initiated by any of the Acquired Corporations, and the Internal Revenue Service has not proposed any such change in accounting method.

 

2.10(o)      Net Operating Loss Carryovers .  The amount of each Acquired Corporation’s net operating losses, and the dates on which they arose, are set forth in Part 2.10(o)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule.

 

2.10(p)      Tax Credit Carryovers .  The amount of each Acquired Corporation’s tax credit carryover, and the nature of those tax credits and years in which they arose, are set forth in Part 2.10(p)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule.

 

2.10(q)      Section 338 Election .  No election under Section 338 of the Code has been made by or with respect to any of the Acquired Corporations or any of their respective assets or properties.

 

2.10(r)      Intercompany Transactions .  None of the Acquired Corporations has engaged in any transactions with Affiliates which would require the recognition of income by any of the Acquired Corporations with respect to such transaction for any period ending on or after the Closing Date.

 

2.10(s)      Real Property Transfer Tax .  None of the Acquired Corporations owns any interest in real estate as a result of which ownership the Merger or any related transaction contemplated by this Agreement would be subject to any realty transfer Tax or similar tax.

 

2.10(t)       Section 162(m) .  The disallowance of a deduction under Section 162(m) of the Code for employee remuneration will not apply to any amount paid or

 

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payable by any of the Acquired Corporations under any Acquired Corporation Contract, Benefit Plan, program, arrangement or understanding currently in effect.

 

2.10(u)      Section 280(G) .  None of the Acquired Corporations is a party to any agreement, contract or arrangement that could result separately or in the aggregate, in the payment of an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code.

 

2.10(v)      Qualification as a Reorganization .  None of the Acquired Corporations has taken any action, nor to the Company’s Knowledge is there any fact or circumstance, that could reasonably be expected to prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.

 

2.10(w)     Deferred Revenue .  None of the Acquired Corporations has any material deferred or unearned income that will be reportable in a taxable period beginning after the Closing that is attributable to a transaction that occurred prior to the Closing.

 

2.10(x)      Tax Shelters .  None of the Acquired Corporations has participated in any transaction that is either a “listed transaction” or that the Acquired Corporation believes in good faith is a “reportable transaction” or a “transaction of interest” (all as defined in Treas. Reg. § 1.6011-4).

 

2.10(y)      Taxable Presence .  None of the Acquired Corporations has a permanent establishment in any country other than its country of organization or is subject to Tax in a jurisdiction outside its country of organization.

 

2.10(z)      Deferred Compensation .  No Acquired Corporation is a party to any “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” subject to Section 409A of the Code that would subject any Person to tax pursuant to Section 409A of the Code based upon a good faith interpretation of all applicable regulations, notices and regulatory guidance.

 

2.10(aa)    Transfer Pricing .  All material related party transactions involving any Acquired Corporation is in compliance with applicable U.S. and foreign transfer pricing principles and is supported by a study prepared in compliance with transfer pricing documentation requirements and, to the extent applicable, Section 482 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, as well as any comparable provisions of state, local, or foreign law, to the extent applicable.

 

2.10(bb)    Joint Venture .  To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Acquired Corporations has ever been a party to any joint venture, partnership or other agreement that could be treated as a partnership for Tax purposes.

 

2.10(cc)    USRPHC .  None of the acquired corporations has ever been a “United States Real Property Holding Corporation” within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code.

 

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2.10(dd)   FIN 48 Part 2.10(dd) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all open or uncertain tax positions (as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48) taken by the Company, if any.

 

2.11         Employee Benefits .

 

2.11(a)      There has not been (i) any adoption or material amendment by any of the Acquired Corporations of any collective bargaining agreement or any bonus, pension, profit sharing, deferred compensation, incentive compensation, stock ownership, stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock, stock appreciation right, retirement, vacation, severance, disability, death benefit, hospitalization, medical, worker’s compensation, supplementary unemployment benefits, or other plan, arrangement or understanding (whether or not legally binding, written or unwritten) or any employment or service agreement providing compensation or benefits to any current or former employee, officer, director or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any beneficiary thereof or entered into, maintained or contributed to, as the case may be, by any of the Acquired Corporations (collectively, “ Benefit Plans ”), or (ii) any adoption of, or amendment to, or change in employee participation or coverage under, any Benefit Plans which would increase materially the expense of maintaining such Benefit Plans above the level of the expense incurred in respect thereof for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2006.  Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions will (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) result in, cause the accelerated vesting or delivery of, or increase the amount or value of, any payment or benefit to any employee of the Acquired Corporations, and all Benefit Plans permit assumption by Parent upon consummation of the Contemplated Transactions without the consent of any participant or other party.

 

2.11(b)      For purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions apply:  “ Controlled Group Liability ” means any and all liabilities under (i) Title IV of ERISA, (ii) section 302 of ERISA, (iii) sections 412 and 4971 of the Code, (iv) the continuation coverage requirements of section 601 et seq. of ERISA and section 4980B of the Code, and (v) corresponding or similar provisions of foreign laws or regulations, other than such liabilities that arise solely out of, or relate solely to, the Plans; “ ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations thereunder; “ ERISA Affiliate ” means, with respect to any entity, trade or business, any other entity, trade or business that is a member of a group described in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA that includes the first entity, trade or business, or that is a member of the same “controlled group” as the first entity, trade or business pursuant to Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA.

 

2.11(c)      Part 2.11(c)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule includes a complete list of all employee benefit plans, programs, policies, practices, and other arrangements providing benefits to any current or former employee, officer or director of any of the Acquired Corporations or beneficiary or dependent thereof, whether or not written, and whether covering one person or more than one person, including the Benefit Plans, sponsored or maintained by any Acquired Corporation, to which any Acquired Corporation contributes or is obligated to contribute, or with respect to which an Acquired Corporation has or may have any liability (“ Plans ”).  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term “Plans” includes

 

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all employee welfare benefit plans within the meaning of Section 3(1) of ERISA, all employee pension benefit plans within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA, and all other employee benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, stock purchase, stock option, severance (or restriction on termination in the absence of a notice period), change of control and fringe benefit plans, programs or agreements.

 

2.11(d)      With respect to each Plan, the Company has made available to Parent a true, correct and complete copy of:  (i) each writing constituting a part of such Plan, including without limitation all plan documents, benefit schedules, trust agreements, and insurance contracts and other funding vehicles, and a written description of any unwritten Plan; (ii) the three most recently filed Annual Reports (Form 5500 Series) and accompanying schedules, if any, and audit reports; (iii) the current summary plan description and any material modifications thereto, if any; (iv) the most recent annual financial report, if any; (v) the most recent actuarial report, if any; (vi) the most recent advisory, opinion, and/or determination letter from the IRS, as applicable; and (vii) all discrimination tests for the three most recent plan years.  Except as specifically provided in the foregoing documents made available to Parent, there are no amendments to any Plan or any new Plan that have been adopted or approved nor has the Company undertaken to make any such amendments or adopt or approve any new Plan.

 

2.11(e)      Part 2.11(e)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each Plan that is intended to be a “qualified plan” within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code (“ Qualified Plans ”).  Each Qualified Plan is so qualified, and the Internal Revenue Service has issued a currently applicable favorable determination letter with respect to each Qualified Plan that has not been revoked or the Plan is a prototype plan which may rely on a currently applicable opinion letter issued with respect to the Plan, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no existing circumstances nor any events that have occurred that could adversely affect the qualified status of any Qualified Plan or the related trust.  No act or omission has occurred with respect to any Qualified Plan which could increase the cost of any such plan or result in the imposition of any liability, lien, penalty, or tax under ERISA or the Code.

 

2.11(f)       All contributions required to be made to any Plan by applicable law or regulation or by any plan document or other contractual undertaking, and all premiums due or payable with respect to insurance policies funding any Plan, for any period through the date hereof have been timely made or paid in full or, to the extent not required to be made or paid on or before the date hereof, have been fully reflected on the financial statements contained in the Company SEC Reports.

 

2.11(g)      The Company has complied, and is now in compliance, in all material respects with all provisions of ERISA, the Code and all laws and regulations applicable to the Plans, and each Plan has been maintained, funded, and administered in accordance with its terms.  There is not now, nor do any circumstances exist that could give rise to, any requirement for the posting of security with respect to a Plan or the imposition of any Encumbrance on the assets of the Company under ERISA or the Code.  No prohibited transaction has occurred with respect to any Plan.

 

2.11(h)      Neither the Acquired Companies nor any ERISA Affiliate maintains, contributes to (or has ever maintained, contributed to or been required to contribute

 

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to), or has any liability or potential liability under (or with respect to) any (a) plan or arrangement which is subject to (i) the minimum funding requirements of Code Section 412, (ii) Part 3 of Title I of ERISA, or (iii) Title IV of ERISA, (b) “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA), (c) multiple employer plan, including any multiple employer welfare arrangement (as defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA), (d) voluntary employees’ beneficiary association (within the meaning of Code Section 501(c)(9)), (e) welfare benefit fund (within the meaning of Code Section 419), (f) nonqualified deferred compensation plan as described in Code Section 409A, or (g) self-funded group health plan.

 

2.11(i)       All liabilities in connection with the termination of any employee pension benefit plan that was sponsored, maintained or contributed to by any Acquired Corporation at any time within the past three years have been fully satisfied.  Each Plan can be amended, terminated or otherwise discontinued at any time in accordance with its terms without liability on the part of the Acquired Companies or any ERISA Affiliate.

 

2.11(j)       To the Knowledge of the Company, there does not now exist, nor do any circumstances exist that could result in, any Controlled Group Liability that could be a liability of any Acquired Corporation following the Closing.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither any Acquired Corporation nor any ERISA Affiliate of any Acquired Corporation has engaged in any transaction described in Section 4069 or Section 4204 of ERISA.

 

2.11(k)     No Acquired Corporation has any liability for life, health, medical or other welfare benefits to former employees or beneficiaries or dependents thereof, except for health continuation coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or Part 6 of Title I of ERISA and at no expense to any Acquired Corporation.

 

2.11(l)       All Plans covering foreign employees of the Acquired Corporations comply with applicable local law and are fully funded and/or book reserved to the extent applicable.

 

2.11(m)     No labor organization or group of employees of the Acquired Corporations has made a pending demand for recognition or certification, and there are no representation or certification proceedings or petitions seeking a representation proceeding presently pending or threatened to be brought or filed, with the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority.  Each of the Acquired Corporations has complied with the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act.

 

2.11(n)      There are no pending or threatened claims (other than claims for benefits in the ordinary course), lawsuits or arbitrations which have been asserted or instituted against the Plans, any fiduciaries thereof with respect to their duties to the Plans or the assets of any of the trusts under any of the Plans which could reasonably be expected to result in any liability of any Acquired Corporation to any Person including the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, the Department of Treasury, or the Department of Labor.

 

2.11(o)      Part 2.11(o)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains an accurate and complete list as of the date of this Agreement of all currently

 

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outstanding  loans and advances made by any of the Acquired Corporations to any employee, director, consultant or independent contractor, or an Affiliate of any of the foregoing, other than routine travel and expense advances made to employees in the Ordinary Course of Business.  The Acquired Corporations have not, since July 1, 2004, extended or maintained credit, arranged for the extension of credit, or renewed an extension of credit, in the form of a personal loan to or for any director or executive officer of the Company, or an Affiliate of any such director or executive officer.  Part 2.11(o)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies any extension of credit maintained by the Acquired Corporations to which the second sentence of Section 13(k)(1) of the Exchange Act applies.

 

2.11(p)      Each of the Acquired Corporations has complied, and are presently in material compliance with all Legal Requirements relating to employment, equal opportunity, nondiscrimination, immigration, wages, hours, benefits, collective bargaining, the payment of social security and similar taxes, income tax withholding, occupational safety and health, and/or privacy rights of employees.  During the three-year period prior to the date of this Agreement, none of the Acquired Corporations has been a party to any action in which any of the Acquired Corporations was, or is, alleged to have violated any Legal Requirement relating to employment, equal opportunity, nondiscrimination, immigration, wages, hours, benefits, collective bargaining, the payment of social security and similar taxes, occupational safety and health, and/or privacy rights of employees.

 

2.11(q)      Except as described on Part 2.11(q)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no retired employees, officers, managers or directors of any of the Acquired Corporations, or their dependents, receiving benefits or scheduled to receive benefits from any of the Acquired Corporations in the future.

 

2.12         Compliance with Legal Requirements; Governmental Authorizations .  The Acquired Corporations are, and at all times since July 1, 2004 have been, in material compliance with each Legal Requirement that is or was applicable to any of them or to the conduct or operation of their business or the ownership or use of any of their assets; no event has occurred or circumstance exists that (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) (A) may constitute or result in a material violation by any of the Acquired Corporations of, or a substantial failure on the part of any of the Acquired Corporations to comply with, any Legal Requirement, or (B) may give rise to any obligation on the part of any of the Acquired Corporations to undertake, or to bear all or any portion of the cost of, any substantial remedial action of any nature; and none of the Acquired Corporations has received, at any time since July 1, 2004, any notice or other communication (whether oral or written) from any Governmental Body or any other Person regarding (A) any actual, alleged, possible, or potential violation of, or failure to comply with, any Legal Requirement, or (B) any actual, alleged, possible, or potential obligation on the part of any of the Acquired Corporations to undertake, or to bear all or any portion of the cost of, any remedial action of any nature.  Part 2.12 of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies of, all reports made by any attorney to the Company’s chief legal officer, chief executive officer, Company Board (or committee thereof) or other representative pursuant to 17 CFR Part 205, and all responses thereto.

 

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2.13        Environmental Matters .  Each of the Acquired Corporations is, and at all times has been, in substantial compliance with, and has not been and is not in material violation of or subject to any material liability under, any Environmental Law.  None of the Acquired Corporations has any basis to expect, nor has any of them or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other Person for whose conduct they are or may be held to be responsible received, any  written order, notice, or other communication from (i) any Governmental Body or private citizen acting in the public interest, or (ii) the current or prior owner or operator of any Facilities, of any actual or potential material violation by any of the Acquired Corporations, or failure by any of the Acquired Corporations to comply with, any Environmental Law, or of any actual or threatened material obligation by an Acquired Corporation to undertake or bear the cost of any Environmental, Health, and Safety Liabilities with respect to any of the Facilities or any other properties or assets (whether real, personal, or mixed) in which any of the Acquired Corporations has or has had an interest, or with respect to any property or Facility at or to which Hazardous Materials were generated, manufactured, refined, transferred, imported, used, or processed by any of the Acquired Corporations or any other Person for whose conduct any of the Acquired Corporations are or may be held legally responsible (“ Acquired Corporations Hazardous Material ”), or from which Acquired Corporations Hazardous Materials have been transported, treated, stored, handled, transferred, disposed, recycled, or received.  No underground storage tanks or underground impoundments, including, without limitation, treatment or storage tanks, sumps, or water, gas or oil wells, have been used by the Acquired Corporations, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, by others, at, on or under any Facilities.  To the Company’s Knowledge, no asbestos or asbestos-containing material, formaldehyde or insulating material containing urea formaldehyde, or material containing polychlorinated biphenyls, is present in, on or at any of the Facilities.  The Acquired Corporations have delivered to Parent true and complete copies of all material investigations, reports, studies, audits, tests, sampling results, monitoring, evaluations or analyses possessed or initiated by the Acquired Corporations pertaining to any Hazardous Material in, on, beneath or adjacent to any of the Facilities, or to which the Acquired Companies have sent any Hazardous Material, or concerning compliance by the Acquired Corporations, or any other person for whose conduct the Acquired Corporations are legally responsible, with any Environmental Law.

 

2.14        Legal Proceedings .

 

2.14(a)     There is no pending Legal Proceeding (i) that has been commenced by or against any of the Acquired Corporations or that otherwise relates to or may affect the business of, or any of the assets owned or used by, any of the Acquired Corporations, except for such Legal Proceedings as are normally incident to the business carried on by the Acquired Corporations and could not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations, (ii) that challenges, or that may have the effect of preventing, delaying, making illegal, or otherwise interfering with, any of the Contemplated Transactions, or (iii) against any director or officer of any of the Acquired Corporations pursuant to Section 8A or 20(b) of the Securities Act or Section 21(d) or 21C of the Exchange Act.

 

2.14(b)     To the Knowledge of the Company, (i) no Legal Proceeding that if pending would be required to be disclosed under the preceding paragraph has

 

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been threatened, and (ii) no event has occurred or circumstance exists that may give rise to or serve as a basis for the commencement of any such Legal Proceeding.

 

2.15        Absence of Certain Changes and Events .  From December 28, 2007, through the date of this Agreement, the Acquired Corporations have conducted their businesses only in the Ordinary Course of Business and there has not been any Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations, and no event has occurred or circumstance exists that may result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations, or:

 

2.15(a)     any material loss, damage or destruction to, or any material interruption in the use of, any of the assets of any of the Acquired Corporations (whether or not covered by insurance) that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations;

 

2.15(b)     (i) any declaration, accrual, set aside or payment of any dividend or any other distribution in respect of any shares of capital stock of any Acquired Corporation, or (ii) any repurchase, redemption or other acquisition by any Acquired Corporation of any shares of capital stock or other securities;

 

2.15(c)     any sale, issuance or grant, or authorization of the issuance of, (i) any capital stock or other security of any Acquired Corporation (except for Company Common Stock issued upon the valid exercise of Company Options or Company Warrants or the exercise, settlement or conversion of equity-based awards under the Company Stock Plans issuances under the ESPP, or issuances pursuant to the Company 401(k) Plan), (ii) any option, warrant or right to acquire any capital stock or any other security of any Acquired Corporation (except for equity-based awards described in Section 2.3 ), or (iii) any instrument convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other security of any Acquired Corporation;

 

2.15(d)     any amendment or waiver of any of the rights of any Acquired Corporation under, or acceleration of vesting under, (i) any provision of any of the Company Stock Plans or (ii) any provision of any Contract evidencing any Company Option or other equity-based award;

 

2.15(e)     any creation of any Subsidiary of an Acquired Corporation or acquisition by any Acquired Corporation of any equity interest or other interest in any other Person;

 

2.15(f)      any change of the methods of accounting or accounting practices of any Acquired Corporation in any material respect;

 

2.15(g)     any material Tax election by any Acquired Corporation;

 

2.15(h)     any commencement or settlement of any Legal Proceeding by any Acquired Corporation; or

 

2.15(i)      any agreement or commitment to take any of the actions referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above.

 

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2.16        Contracts; No Defaults.

 

2.16(a)     Part 2.16(a)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists as of the date hereof, and, except to the extent filed in full without redaction as an exhibit to a Filed Company SEC Report, the Company has made available to Parent copies of, each Acquired Corporation Contract and other instrument or document (including any amendment to any of the foregoing)

 

(i)            described in paragraphs (b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(9) or (b)(10) of Item 601 of Regulation S-K of the SEC;

 

(ii)           with any director, officer or Affiliate of the Company;

 

(iii)         evidencing, governing or relating to indebtedness for borrowed money,

 

(iv)          not entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business that involves expenditures or receipts in excess of $250,000;

 

(v)            that in any way purports to limit the freedom of any Acquired Corporation or any of their Affiliates to engage in any line of business or to compete with any Person or in any geographic area or to hire or retain any Person, other than agreements with third parties for the purpose of pursuing business opportunities with a Governmental Body;

 

(vi)          relating to the employment of, or the performance of services by, any employee or consultant, or pursuant to which any of the Acquired Corporations is or may become obligated to make any severance, termination or similar payment in excess of $100,000 to any current or former employee or director; or pursuant to which any of the Acquired Corporations is or may become obligated to make any bonus or similar payment (other than payments constituting base salary) in excess of $100,000 to any current or former employee or director;

 

(vii)         (A) relating to the acquisition, transfer, development, sharing or license of any Proprietary Rights and/or Technology relating to any Acquired Corporation Product (except for any Contract pursuant to which (i) any Proprietary Rights is licensed to the Acquired Corporations under any third party software license generally available to the public, or (ii) any Proprietary Rights is licensed by any of the Acquired Corporations to any Person on a non exclusive basis pursuant to an unmodified standard license agreement, the form of which has been provided to Parent) or (B) of the type referred to in Section 2.8(c) ;

 

(viii)        providing for indemnification of any officer, director, employee or agent;

 

(ix)          (A) relating to the acquisition, issuance, voting, registration, sale or transfer of any securities, (B) providing any Person with any preemptive right, right of participation, right of maintenance or any similar right with respect to any

 

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securities, or (C) providing any of the Acquired Corporations with any right of first refusal with respect to, or right to repurchase or redeem, any securities, except for Contracts evidencing Company Options or employment Contracts entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business which contemplate the issuance of Company Options;

 

(x)           incorporating or relating to any guaranty, any warranty or any indemnity or similar obligation, except for Contracts substantially identical to the standard forms of end user licenses previously made available by the Company to Parent;

 

(xi)          relating to any currency hedging;

 

(xii)         imposing or containing “standstill” or similar provisions;

 

(xiii)       (A) to which any Governmental Body is a party or under which any Governmental Body has any rights or obligations, or (B) directly or indirectly benefiting any Governmental Body (including any subcontract or other Contract between any Acquired Corporation and any contractor or subcontractor to any Governmental Body);

 

(xiv)        requiring that any of the Acquired Corporations give any notice or provide any information to any Person prior to considering or accepting any Acquisition Proposal or similar proposal, or prior to entering into any discussions, agreement, arrangement or understanding relating to any Acquisition Transaction or similar transaction;

 

(xv)          other than in the Ordinary Course of Business contemplating or involving the payment or delivery of cash or other consideration in an amount or having a value in excess of $200,000 in the aggregate, or contemplating or involving the performance of services having a value in excess of $200,000 in the aggregate; and

 

(xvi)        any other Contract, if a breach of such Contract could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

Each of the foregoing is a “ Company Material Contract .”

 

2.16(b)     Each Company Material Contract is valid and in full force and effect, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms subject to the effect of (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to rights of creditors generally and (ii) rules of law and equity governing specific performance, injunctive relief and other equitable remedies.

 

2.16(c)     (i) None of the Acquired Corporations has violated or breached, or committed any default under, any Acquired Corporation Contract, except for violations, breaches and defaults that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations; and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no other Person has violated or breached, or committed any default under, any Acquired Corporation Contract, except for violations, breaches and defaults that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations; (ii) to the Knowledge

 

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of the Company, no event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that (with or without notice or lapse of time) will or would reasonably be expected to, (A) result in a violation or breach of any of the provisions of any Acquired Corporation Contract, (B) give any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under any Acquired Corporation Contract, (C) give any Person the right to receive or require a rebate, chargeback, penalty or change in delivery schedule under any Acquired Corporation Contract, (D) give any Person the right to accelerate the maturity or performance of any Acquired Corporation Contract, (E) result in the disclosure, release or delivery of any Acquired Corporation Source Code, or (F) give any Person the right to cancel, terminate or modify any Acquired Corporation Contract, except in each such case for defaults, acceleration rights, termination rights and other rights that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations; and (iii) since December 28, 2007, none of the Acquired Corporations has received any notice or other communication regarding any actual or possible violation or breach of, or default under, any Acquired Corporation Contract, except in each such case for defaults, acceleration rights, termination rights and other rights that have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.

 

2.17        Insurance .  The Acquired Corporations are covered by valid and currently effective insurance policies issued in favor of the Company that are customary for companies of similar size and financial condition and are adequate in amount to cover all currently pending or overtly threatened claims, including without limitation any claims for breach of warranty and claims for indemnification regarding any of the Acquired Corporation’s products or services.  All such policies are in full force and effect, all premiums due thereon have been paid and the Acquired Corporations have complied with the provisions of such policies.  The Acquired Corporations have not been advised of any defense to coverage in connection with any claim to coverage asserted or noticed by the Acquired Corporations under or in connection with any of their extant insurance policies.  The Acquired Corporations have not received any written notice from or on behalf of any insurance carrier issuing policies or binders relating to or covering any of the Acquired Corporations that there will be a cancellation or non renewal of existing policies or binders, or that alteration of any equipment or any improvements to real estate occupied by or leased to or by the Acquired Corporations, purchase of additional equipment, or material modification of any of the methods of doing business, will be required.

 

2.18        Labor Matters .  Except as disclosed in the Filed Company SEC Reports, (i) none of the Acquired Corporations is a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement, contract or other agreement or understanding with a labor union or labor organization; (ii) none of the Acquired Corporations is the subject of any Legal Proceeding asserting that any of the Acquired Corporations has committed an unfair labor practice or seeking to compel it to bargain with any labor organization as to wages or conditions of employment; (iii) there is no strike, work stoppage or other labor dispute involving any of the Acquired Corporations pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened; (iv) no complaint, charge or Legal Proceeding by or before any Governmental Body brought by or on behalf of any employee, prospective employee, former employee, retiree, labor organization or other representative of its employees is pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against any of the Acquired Corporations; (v) no material grievance is pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against any of the Acquired Corporations; and (vi) none of the Acquired

 

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Corporations is a party to, or otherwise bound by, any consent decree with, or citation by, any Governmental Body relating to employees or employment practices.

 

2.19        Government Contracting.

 

2.19(a)     Except as set forth in Part 2.19(a)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are (i) no outstanding claims against the Company, either by any Governmental Body or any prime contractor, subcontractor, vendor or other third party arising under or relating to any Government Contract, and (ii) no disputes between the Company and any Governmental Body under the Contract Disputes Act or any other federal statute or between the Company and any prime contractor, subcontractor or vendor arising under or relating to any such Government Contract.  Except as set forth in Part 2.19(a)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, to the Knowledge of the Company there are no facts that could reasonably be expected to result in a claim or dispute under clause (i) or (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence.

 

2.19(b)     The Company has submitted all required provisional bid labor and indirect rates through fiscal year 2008 and final indirect rates to the cognizant U.S. Government administrative contracting officer through fiscal year 2006.  All such submissions are consistent with all government regulations cost accounting rules and regulations, including but not limited to the Federal Acquisition Regulations.  No unallowable costs were contained therein.

 

2.19(c)     Except as set forth in Part 2.19(c)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of its present employees, consultants or agents is (or during the last five years has been) suspended or debarred from doing business with any Governmental Body or is (or during such period was) the subject of a finding of non-responsibility or ineligibility for any Governmental Body.

 

2.19(d)     Except as set forth in Part 2.19(d)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, to the Knowledge of the Company, no statement, representation or warranty made by Company in any Government Contract, any government bid or any exhibit thereto or in any certificate, statement, list, schedule or other document submitted or furnished to any Governmental Body in connection with any Government Contract or government bid (i) contained on the date so furnished or submitted any untrue statement of material fact, or failed to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading, or (ii) contains any untrue statement of a material fact, or fails to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading, except where, in the case of both clauses (i) and (ii), any untrue statement or failure to state a fact would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.

 

2.19(e)     The Company, in conducting the Business as it relates to government contracts, is in material compliance with all government accounting principals and governing regulations.  No unidentified unallowable costs exist on the books and records of the Company.

 

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2.19(f)      The Company has submitted all required labor rate proposals, as well as all final indirect rate submissions, to the cognizant Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) Administrative Contracting Officer for prior years in accordance with applicable Federal Acquisition Regulations, and there are no outstanding or unresolved matters with respect thereto.

 

2.19(g)     Except as set forth in Part 2.19(g)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule:  (i) none of the Company’s employees, consultants or agents is (or during the last five years has been) under administrative, civil or criminal investigation, indictment or request for information by any Governmental Entity relating to the performance of his or her duties to the Company; (ii) there is not pending any audit or investigation of the Company, its officers, employees or representatives nor within the last five years has there been any audit or investigation of the Company, officers, employees or representatives resulting in a material adverse finding with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or omission arising under or relating to any government contract; and (iii) during the last five years, the Company has not made any voluntary disclosure to any Governmental Body with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or omission arising under or relating to a government contract.  Except as set forth in Part 2.19(g)  of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company has not had any irregularities, misstatements or omissions arising under or relating to any government contract that has led or is expected to lead, either before or after the Effective Time, to any of the consequences set forth in clause (i) or (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence or any other material damage, penalty assessment, recoupment of payment or disallowance of cost.

 

2.20        Interests of Officers and Directors .  None of the officers or directors of any of the Acquired Corporations or any of their respective Affiliates (other than the Acquired Corporations) has any interest in any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, used in or pertaining to the business of the Acquired Corporations, or in any supplier, distributor or customer of the Acquired Corporations, or any other relationship, contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding with the Acquired Corporations, except as disclosed in the Filed Company SEC Reports and except for the normal rights of a stockholder and rights under the Plans and the Company Options.

 

2.21        Export Control Laws; Encryption and Other Restricted Technology .  The Acquired Corporations have complied with all U.S. export control Legal Requirements regarding any export of its products or technology, including the Export Administration Regulations (“ EAR ”) maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ ITAR ”) maintained by the Department of State.  The Acquired Corporations’ business as currently conducted does not require any of the Acquired Corporations to obtain a license from the United States Departments of Commerce or State or an authorized body thereof under ITAR or EAR or other legislation regulating the development, commercialization or export of technology.  The Acquired Corporations have not received any correspondence from the export control authorities in any country, including the U.S. Departments of Commerce or State, regarding any pre-penalty notice, notice of penalty, subpoena or request for documents, or notice of audit, investigation or inquiry by a special agent or other export control agent or official.

 

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2.22        Business Relationships .  To the Company’s Knowledge, the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the Merger and the other Contemplated Transactions will not materially adversely affect the relationships of the Acquired Corporations with any material customers, distributors, licensors, designers and suppliers.  None of the Acquired Corporations has received any notification that any material distributor, reseller, original equipment manufacturer, customer, supplier, foundry or manufacturer will discontinue or materially reduce the purchase, supply or the manufacture, as the case may be, of any Acquired Corporation Products.

 

2.23        International Trade Matters .  The Company is, and at all times since January 1, 2002 has been, in compliance with and has not been and is not in material violation of any International Trade Law (defined below), including but not limited to, all laws and regulations related to the import and export of commodities, software, and technology from and into the United States, and the payment of required duties and tariffs in connection with same.  The Company has no basis to expect, nor has any of them or any other person for whose conduct they are or may be held to be responsible received, any actual or threatened order, notice, or other communication from any governmental body of any actual or potential violation or failure to comply with any International Trade Law.  “ International Trade Law ” shall mean U.S. statutes, laws and regulations applicable to international transactions, including, but not limited to, the Export Administration Act, the Export Administration Regulations, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the Arms Export Control Act, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the Trading with the Enemy Act, the U.S. Customs laws and regulations, the Foreign Asset Control Regulations, and any regulations or orders issued thereunder.

 

2.24        Rights Plan .  The Company does not have any shareholder rights plan or “poison pill” in effect, including without limitation any agreement with a third party trust or fiduciary entity with respect thereto.

 

2.25        Opinion of Financial Advisor .  The Company’s Board of Directors has received the opinion of Imperial Capital LLC (“ Imperial ”) (a copy of whose engagement letter has been provided to Parent) dated February 20, 2008, to the effect that, as of such date, the Exchange Ratio in the Merger is fair to the shareholders of the Company from a financial point of view.  A copy of that opinion has been delivered to Parent, for informational purposes only.

 

2.26        Brokers .  No broker, finder, investment banker or other Person (other than Imperial) is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of any Acquired Corporation.  There are no Acquired Corporation Contracts between the Acquired Corporations and Imperial pursuant to which such firm would be entitled to any payment relating to the Contemplated Transactions other than the engagement letter described in Section 2.25 .

 

2.27        Full Disclosure .  None of the information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Form S-4 Registration Statement will, at the time the Form S-4 Registration Statement is filed with the SEC or at the time it becomes effective under the Securities Act, contain any untrue statement of

 

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a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.  None of the information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus is mailed to the shareholders of the Company or the stockholders of Parent or at the time of the Company Shareholders’ Meeting or the Parent Stockholders’ Meeting contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, no representation or warranty is made by the Company with respect to statements made or incorporated by reference therein about Parent supplied by Parent for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Form S-4 Registration Statement or the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.

 

2.28        Sale of Products; Performance of Services.

 

2.28(a)     To the Knowledge of the Company, each Acquired Corporation product, system, program, Proprietary Right or other asset designed, developed, manufactured, assembled, sold, installed, licensed or otherwise made available by the Company since July 1, 2004 or by any other Acquired Corporation since the later of July 1, 2004 or the date of its acquisition by the Company to any Person:

 

(i)            materially conformed and complied with the terms and requirements of any applicable warranty or other Contract and with all applicable material Legal Requirements; and

 

(ii)           was free of any bug, virus, design defect or other defect or deficiency at the time it was sold or otherwise made available, other than any immaterial bug or similar defect that would not adversely affect in any material respect such product, system, program, Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or other asset (or the operation or performance thereof).

 

2.28(b)     To the Knowledge of the Company, all installation services, programming services, repair services, maintenance services, support services, training services, upgrade services and other services that have been performed by the Acquired Corporations were performed properly and in full conformity with the terms and requirements of all applicable warranties and other Contracts and with all applicable material Legal Requirements, and the financial results of the performance of such services have been reflected in the financial statements contained in the Filed Company SEC Reports in accordance with GAAP.

 

2.28(c)     Since December 31, 2006, no customer or other Person has asserted or overtly threatened to assert any claim against any of the Acquired Corporations (i) under or based upon any warranty provided by or on behalf of any of the Acquired Corporations, or (ii) under or based upon any other warranty relating to any product, system, program, Proprietary Rights or other asset designed, developed, manufactured, assembled, sold,

 

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installed, repaired, licensed or otherwise made available by any of the Acquired Corporations or any services performed by any of the Acquired Corporations.

 

SECTION 3                                REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT.

 

Except as set forth in Parent Disclosure Schedule, Parent represents and warrants to the Company as follows:

 

3.1           Organization and Good Standing.

 

3.1(a)       Parent and each of its Subsidiaries are corporations or other Entities duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing (where such concept is applicable) under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation or organization, with full corporate power or other Entity authority to conduct their respective businesses as now being conducted, to own or use the respective properties and assets that they purport to own or use, and to perform all their respective obligations under the Parent Contracts.  Parent and its Subsidiaries are duly qualified to do business as foreign corporations and are in good standing (where such concept is applicable) under the laws of each state or other jurisdiction in which either the ownership or use of the properties owned or used by them, or the nature of the activities conducted by them, requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified could not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and its Subsidiaries.

 

3.1(b)       Part 3.1(b)  of the Parent Disclosure Schedule lists, as of the date of this Agreement, all of Parent’s Subsidiaries and indicates as to each the type of Entity and its jurisdiction of organization.  Parent has made available to the Company copies of the Organizational Documents of Parent, as currently in effect.

 

3.1(c)       Parent has made available to the Company copies of the charters of each committee of Parent’s Board of Directors and any code of conduct or similar policies adopted by Parent.

 

3.2          Authority; No Conflict.

 

3.2(a)       Parent has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to which it is a party, to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the Contemplated Transactions.  Except for the requirement, under Parent’s agreement with the NASDAQ Stock Market and the NASDAQ Stock Market’s rules incorporated by reference therein, to obtain the Required Parent Stockholder Vote, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and the consummation by Parent of the Contemplated Transactions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Contemplated Transactions (other than, with respect to the Merger, the filing the Merger Agreement required by Delaware Law and California Law).  The Board of Directors of Parent (the Parent Board) has unanimously approved this Agreement and declared it to be advisable.  This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Parent and, assuming the due execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, constitutes the legal, valid and

 

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binding obligation of Parent, enforceable against Parent in accordance with its terms subject to the effect of (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to rights of creditors generally and (ii) rules of law and equity governing specific performance, injunctive relief and other equitable remedies.

 

3.2(b)       Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of any of the Contemplated Transactions do or will, directly or indirectly (with or without notice or lapse of time or both); (i) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of (A) any provision of the Organizational Documents of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or (B) any resolution adopted by the Parent Board or the stockholders of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries; (ii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of, or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to challenge any of the Contemplated Transactions or to exercise any remedy or obtain any relief (other than dissenter’s rights) under, any Legal Requirement or any order to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of the assets owned or used by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, may be subject; (iii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of any of the terms or requirements of, or give any Governmental Body the right to revoke, withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or modify, any Governmental Authorization that is held by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is party or by which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets are bound; (iv) cause Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to become subject to, or to become liable for the payment of, any Tax; (v) cause any of the assets owned by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to be reassessed or revalued by any Governmental Body; (vi) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any Parent Contract; (vii) require a Consent from any Person; or (viii) result in the imposition or creation of any Encumbrance upon or with respect to any of the assets owned or used by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (viii), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences that would not prevent or delay consummation of the Merger in any material respect, or otherwise prevent Parent or Merger Sub from performing its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, or would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and its Subsidiaries.

 

3.2(c)       The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub do not, and the performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions by Parent and Merger Sub will not, require any Consent of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Body, except (i) for (A) applicable requirements, if any, of the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, the NASDAQ Stock Market and Blue Sky Laws, (B) the pre-merger notification requirements of the HSR Act, (C) filing of appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law and California Law and (D) any applicable non-United States competition, antitrust and investment laws and (ii) for such other Consents, filings or notifications where failure to obtain such Consents, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the consummation of the Merger in any material respect, or otherwise prevent Parent and Merger Sub from performing their obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, or would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and its Subsidiaries.

 

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3.2(d)       Merger Sub has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions.  The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Merger Sub and the consummation by Merger Sub of the Contemplated Transactions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Merger Sub are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Contemplated Transactions (other than, with respect to the Merger, the approval and adoption of this Agreement by Parent as the holder of a majority of the outstanding shares of Merger Sub Common Stock and the filing of appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law and California Law).  The Board of Directors of Merger Sub has unanimously approved this Agreement, declared it to be advisable and resolved to recommend to Parent that it vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law.  This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Merger Sub and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of Merger Sub, enforceable against the Merger Sub in accordance with its terms.

 

3.3          Capitalization .  The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of 195,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock.  As of the date hereof, (a) 78,998,922 shares of Parent Common Stock are issued and outstanding, all of which are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, (b) 28,550 shares of Parent Common Stock are reserved for issuance pursuant to Parent RSU Awards not yet granted, (d) 2,916,250 shares of Parent Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Parent RSU Awards and (e) 8,324,607 shares of Parent Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to Parent Stock Option grants not yet granted, (g) 6,133,018 shares of Parent Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Parent Stock Option grants and (h) there are 5,000,000 shares of Parent Preferred Stock authorized, of which there are 3,646,363 undesignated shares, 63,637 designated as Series A shares, 90,000 designated as Series B shares, of which 10,000 shares are currently issued and outstanding, and 1,200,000 designated as Series C shares.  Except as described above, there are not any bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or other securities of Parent having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matter on which the shareholders of Parent may vote.  Except as set forth in the second sentence of this Section 3.3 , as of the date hereof no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of Parent are issued or reserved for issuance.  Except as set forth in this Section 3.3 , there are no Options relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or obligating Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, grant or sell any shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, or securities convertible into equity interests in, Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.  Since December 31, 2007 through the date of this Agreement, Parent has not issued any shares of its capital stock.  All shares of Parent Common Stock reserved for issuance, upon issuance on the terms and conditions of the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has any obligation to acquire any shares of Parent Common Stock or any capital stock of Parent’s subsidiaries or make any investment in o



































































 
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