Exhibit 2.1
Execution
Version
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
among:
KRATOS
DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.,
a Delaware
corporation;
WHITE & SHADOW,
INC.,
a California
corporation; and
SYS,
a California
corporation
Dated as of
February 20, 2008
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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Page
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SECTION 1
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DESCRIPTION OF
TRANSACTION
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2
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1.1
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Merger of
Merger Sub into the Company
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2
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1.2
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Effect of the
Merger
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2
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1.3
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Closing;
Effective Time
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2
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1.4
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Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws; Directors and Officers
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2
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1.5
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Conversion of
Shares
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3
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1.6
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Closing of the
Company’s Transfer Books
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4
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1.7
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Exchange of
Certificates
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4
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1.8
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Treatment of
Company Options and Other Equity-Based Awards
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5
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1.9
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Tax
Consequences
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6
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1.10
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Further
Action
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6
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SECTION 2
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REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
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6
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2.1
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Organization
and Good Standing
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6
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2.2
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Authority; No
Conflict
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7
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2.3
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Capitalization
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8
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2.4
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SEC
Reports
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10
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2.5
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Financial
Statements
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11
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2.6
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Property
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12
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2.7
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Real Property;
Equipment; Leasehold
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12
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2.8
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Proprietary
Rights
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12
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2.9
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No Undisclosed
Liabilities
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18
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2.10
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Taxes
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18
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2.11
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Employee
Benefits
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22
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2.12
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Compliance
with Legal Requirements; Governmental Authorizations
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25
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2.13
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Environmental
Matters
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26
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2.14
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Legal
Proceedings
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26
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2.15
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Absence of
Certain Changes and Events
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27
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2.16
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Contracts; No
Defaults
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28
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2.17
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Insurance
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30
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2.18
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Labor
Matters
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30
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2.19
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Government
Contracting
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31
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2.20
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Interests of
Officers and Directors
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32
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2.21
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Export Control
Laws; Encryption and Other Restricted Technology
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32
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2.22
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Business
Relationships
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33
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2.23
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International
Trade Matters
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33
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2.24
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Rights
Plan
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33
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2.25
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Opinion of
Financial Advisor
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33
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2.26
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Brokers
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33
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2.27
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Full
Disclosure
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33
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2.28
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Sale of
Products; Performance of Services
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34
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SECTION 3
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REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF PARENT
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35
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3.1
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Organization
and Good Standing
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35
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3.2
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Authority; No
Conflict
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35
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3.3
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Capitalization
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37
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3.4
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SEC
Reports
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38
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3.5
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Financial
Statements
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39
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i
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Page
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3.6
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Absence of
Certain Changes and Events
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40
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3.7
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Operation of
Merger Sub
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41
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3.8
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Property
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41
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3.9
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Proprietary
Rights
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41
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3.10
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No Undisclosed
Liabilities
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42
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3.11
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Taxes
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42
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3.12
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Employee
Benefits
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46
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3.13
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Compliance
with Legal Requirements; Governmental Authorizations
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48
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3.14
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Environmental
Matters
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49
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3.15
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Legal
Proceedings
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49
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3.16
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Real Property;
Equipment; Leasehold
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50
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3.17
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Contracts; No
Defaults
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50
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3.18
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Insurance
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52
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3.19
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Labor
Matters
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52
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3.20
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Government
Contracting
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53
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3.21
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Interests of
Officers and Directors
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54
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3.22
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Export Control
Laws; Encryption and Other Restricted Technology
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54
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3.23
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International
Trade Matters
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55
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3.24
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Brokers
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55
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3.25
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Full
Disclosure
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55
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3.26
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Sale of
Products; Performance of Services
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55
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SECTION 4
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CONDUCT OF
BUSINESS
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56
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4.1
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Covenants of
the Company
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56
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4.2
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Covenants of
Parent
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60
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4.3
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Confidentiality
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61
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SECTION 5
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ADDITIONAL
AGREEMENTS
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61
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5.1
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No
Solicitation
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61
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5.2
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Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus; Registration Statement
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64
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5.3
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NASDAQ
Quotation; AMEX Quotation
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65
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5.4
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Access to
Information
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65
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5.5
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Stockholders’ Meeting
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66
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5.6
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Legal
Conditions to the Merger
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67
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5.7
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Public
Disclosure
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69
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5.8
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Section 368(a) Reorganization
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70
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5.9
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NASDAQ Stock
Market Listing
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70
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5.10
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Shareholder
Litigation
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70
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5.11
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Indemnification
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70
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5.12
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Employee
Matters
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71
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5.13
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Employee
Benefit Plan – 401(k) Plan
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71
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5.14
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Notification
of Certain Matters
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71
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5.15
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Exemption from
Liability Under Section 16(b)
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72
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5.16
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Tax
Matters
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73
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5.17
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Obligations of
Merger Sub
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73
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SECTION 6
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CONDITIONS TO
MERGER
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73
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6.1
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Conditions to
Each Party’s Obligation To Effect the Merger
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73
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ii
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Page
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6.2
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Additional
Conditions to Obligations of Parent and the Merger Sub
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74
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6.3
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Additional
Conditions to Obligations of the Company
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76
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SECTION 7
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TERMINATION AND
AMENDMENT
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77
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7.1
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Termination
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77
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7.2
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Effect of
Termination
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78
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7.3
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Fees and
Expenses
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79
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SECTION 8
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MISCELLANEOUS
PROVISIONS
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79
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8.1
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Amendment
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79
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8.2
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Remedies
Cumulative; Waiver
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79
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8.3
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No
Survival
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80
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8.4
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Entire
Agreement
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80
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8.5
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Execution of
Agreement; Counterparts; Electronic Signatures
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80
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8.6
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Governing
Law
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81
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8.7
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Consent to
Jurisdiction; Venue
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81
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8.8
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WAIVER OF JURY
TRIAL
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81
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8.9
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Disclosure
Schedules
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81
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8.10
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Attorneys’ Fees
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82
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8.11
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Assignments
and Successors
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82
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8.12
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No Third Party
Rights
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82
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8.13
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Notices
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82
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8.14
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Construction;
Usage
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83
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8.15
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Enforcement of
Agreement
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84
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8.16
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Severability
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84
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8.17
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Time of
Essence
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85
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iii
EXHIBITS
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Page
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EXHIBIT A
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Certain
Definitions
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EXHIBIT B
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Form of Company
Voting Undertaking
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EXHIBIT C
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Form of Parent
Voting Undertaking
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EXHIBIT D
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Articles of
Incorporation
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EXHIBIT E
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Agreement of
Merger
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EXHIBIT F
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Form of Letter of
Transmittal from Parent Exchange Agent
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EXHIBIT G
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Employment Agreement
for Key Employees
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Schedule A
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List of Signatories for
Company Voting Undertakings
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Schedule B
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List of Signatories for
Parent Voting Undertakings
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Schedule 6.2(c)
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Key
Employees
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iv
EXECUTION
VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER AND REORGANIZATION (“ Agreement ”) is made and entered
into as of February 20, 2008, by and among: KRATOS
DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC , a Delaware
corporation (“ Parent
”); WHITE SHADOW, INC. , a California corporation and
a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”); and SYS , a
California corporation (the “ Company ”). Capitalized
terms used in this Agreement are defined in EXHIBIT A .
RECITALS
A.
Parent, Merger Sub and the Company intend to effect a merger of
Merger Sub into the Company in accordance with this Agreement,
Delaware Law and California Law (the “ Merger ”). Upon
consummation of the Merger, Merger Sub will cease to exist, and the
Company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.
B.
The respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company have deemed it advisable and in the best interests of their
respective corporations and shareholders that Merger Sub and the
Company consummate the Merger provided for herein.
C.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the parties intend that the
Merger will qualify as a tax free reorganization within the meaning
of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended (the “ Code ”) and intend for this
Agreement to constitute a “plan of reorganization”
within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and
1.368-3(a) of the United States Treasury
Regulations.
D.
Concurrent with the execution of this Agreement and as a condition
to and inducement of Parent’s willingness to enter into this
Agreement, the executive officers and certain directors of the
Company set forth on Schedule
A are entering into voting undertakings in substantially
the form attached as EXHIBIT
B (the “ Company
Voting Undertakings ”).
E.
Concurrent with the execution of this Agreement and as a condition
to and inducement of the Company’s willingness to enter into
this Agreement, the directors and executive officers of Parent set
forth on Schedule B are
entering into voting undertakings in substantially the form
attached as EXHIBIT C (the
“ Parent Voting
Undertakings ,” and, with the Company Voting
Undertakings, the “ Voting
Undertakings ”).
F.
The respective boards of directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company have approved this Agreement and approved the
Merger.
G.
Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain
representations and warranties and other agreements in connection
with the Merger.
AGREEMENT
The
parties to this Agreement, intending to be legally bound, agree as
follows:
SECTION 1
DESCRIPTION OF TRANSACTION.
1.1
Merger of Merger Sub into the
Company . Upon the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, the
Agreement of Merger (the “ Merger Agreement ”) attached
hereto as EXHIBIT D and the
applicable provisions of Delaware Law and California Law, at the
Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the
Company, and the separate existence of Merger Sub shall
cease. Following the Effective Time, the Company shall
continue as the surviving corporation (the “ Surviving Corporation ”).
1.2
Effect of the
Merger . The Merger shall have
the effects set forth in this Agreement, the Merger Agreement and
in the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and California
law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and
subject thereto, at the Effective Time all the property, rights,
privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub
shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities
and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts,
liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
1.3
Closing; Effective
Time . The consummation of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “
Closing ”) shall take
place at the offices of DLA Piper US LLP, 4365 Executive Drive, San
Diego, CA 92121, at 10:00 a.m. on a date to be designated by
Parent (the “ Closing
Date ”), which shall be no later than the third
business day after the satisfaction or waiver of the last to be
satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in
Section 6 (other than those conditions that by their
nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the
satisfaction or waiver of such conditions). Subject to the
provisions of this Agreement, the Merger Agreement shall be duly
executed by the Company and Merger Sub and, simultaneously with or
as soon as practicable following the Closing, filed with the
Secretary of State of the State of California (the “
California Secretary of
State ”). The Merger shall become effective
upon the later of: (a) the date and time of the filing
of the Agreement of Merger with the California Secretary of State,
or (b) such later date and time as may be specified in the
Merger Agreement. The date and time the Merger becomes
effective is referred to in this Agreement as the “
Effective Time .”
1.4
Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws; Directors and Officers. At the Effective Time:
1.4(a)
the Articles of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and
restated in its entirety to read as set forth in
Exhibit E ;
1.4(b)
the Bylaws of the
Surviving Corporation shall be the Bylaws of the Merger Sub, as in
effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, until thereafter
amended; and
2
1.4(c)
the directors and officers
of the Surviving Corporation immediately after the Effective Time
shall be the respective individuals who are the directors and
officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective
Time.
1.5
Conversion of
Shares .
1.5(a)
At the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any further action on the part of
Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or any shareholder of the
Company:
(i)
any shares of Company Common
Stock then held by the Company or any wholly owned Subsidiary of
the Company shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist,
and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange
therefor;
(ii)
any shares of Company Common
Stock then held by Parent, Merger Sub or any other Subsidiary of
Parent shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and
no consideration shall be delivered in exchange
therefor;
(iii)
except as provided in clauses
(i) and (ii) above and subject to
Sections 1.5(b) and 1.5(c), each share of
Company Common Stock then outstanding shall be converted into the
right to receive 1.2582 shares of Parent Common Stock;
(iv)
each share of the common
stock, $0.001 par value per share, of Merger Sub then outstanding
shall be converted into one share of common stock of the Surviving
Corporation.
The fraction
determined by the number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be
issued for each share of Company Common Stock as specified in
Section 1.5(a)(iii) (as such fraction may be
adjusted in accordance with Section 1.5(b) ) is
referred to as the “ Exchange
Ratio .”
1.5(b)
If, between the date of
this Agreement and the Effective Time, the outstanding shares of
Company Common Stock or Parent Common Stock are changed into a
different number or class of shares by reason of any stock split,
stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification,
recapitalization or other similar transaction, then the Exchange
Ratio shall be appropriately adjusted.
1.5(c)
No fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the Merger,
and no certificates or scrip for any such fractional shares shall
be issued. Any holder of Company Common Stock who would
otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a share of Parent
Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent
Common Stock issuable to such holder) shall, in lieu of such
fraction of a share and upon surrender of such holder’s
Company Stock Certificate(s) (as defined in
Section 1.6 ), be paid in cash the dollar amount
(rounded to the nearest whole cent), without interest, determined
by multiplying such fraction by the average closing price of Parent
Common Stock during the three trading days immediately preceding
the Closing Date.
3
1.5(d)
Prior to the Effective
Time, Parent shall reserve for issuance a sufficient number of
shares of Parent Common Stock adequate for the purpose of issuing
its shares to the shareholders of the Company in accordance with
this Agreement and the Company Warrants.
1.6
Closing of the Company’s
Transfer Books . At the Effective
Time: (a) all holders of certificates representing
shares of Company Common Stock that were outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights as
shareholders of the Company other than the right to receive shares
of Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of any fractional share of
Parent Common Stock) as contemplated by Section 1.5 ;
and (b) the stock transfer books of the Company shall be
closed with respect to all shares of Company Common Stock
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. No
further transfer of any such shares of Company Common Stock shall
be made on such stock transfer books after the Effective
Time. If, after the Effective Time, a valid certificate
previously representing shares of Company Common Stock (a “
Company Stock Certificate
”) is presented to the Exchange Agent or to the Surviving
Corporation or Parent, such Company Stock Certificate shall be
canceled and shall be exchanged as provided in
Section 1.7 .
1.7
Exchange of Certificates.
1.7(a)
On or prior to the Closing
Date, Parent shall select a reputable bank or trust company to act
as exchange agent in the Merger (the “ Exchange Agent ”). Promptly
after the Effective Time, but in no event later than two business
days thereafter, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent
(i) certificates representing the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable pursuant to this Section 1 , and
(ii) cash sufficient to make payments in lieu of fractional
shares in accordance with Section 1.5(c) . The
shares of Parent Common Stock and cash amounts so deposited with
the Exchange Agent, together with any dividends or distributions
received by the Exchange Agent with respect to such shares, are
referred to collectively as the “ Exchange Fund .”
1.7(b)
As soon as reasonably
practicable after the Effective Time but in any event not later
than five business days after the Effective Time, the Exchange
Agent will mail to the record holders of Company Stock Certificates
(i) a letter of transmittal in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit F , and (ii) instructions for use in
effecting the surrender of Company Stock Certificates in exchange
for certificates representing Parent Common Stock. Upon
surrender of a Company Stock Certificate to the Exchange Agent for
exchange, together with a duly executed letter of transmittal and
such other documents as may be reasonably required by the Exchange
Agent or Parent, (1) the holder of such Company Stock
Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a
certificate or evidence of shares in book entry form representing
the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder
has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of
Section 1.5 (and cash in lieu of any fractional share
of Parent Common Stock), and (2) the Company Stock Certificate
so surrendered shall be canceled. Until surrendered as
contemplated by this Section 1.7 , each Company Stock
Certificate shall be deemed, from and after the Effective Time, to
represent only the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock
(and cash in lieu of any fractional share of Parent Common Stock)
as contemplated by this Section 1 . If any
Company Stock Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition
precedent to the
4
issuance of any
certificate representing Parent Common Stock, require the owner of
such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Stock Certificate to provide
an appropriate affidavit and to deliver a bond (in such sum as
Parent may reasonably direct) as indemnity against any claim that
may be made against the Exchange Agent, Parent or the Surviving
Corporation with respect to such Company Stock
Certificate.
1.7(c)
No dividends or other
distributions declared or made with respect to Parent Common Stock
with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the
holder of any unsurrendered Company Stock Certificate with respect
to the shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right
to receive in the Merger until such holder surrenders such Company
Stock Certificate in accordance with this Section 1.7
(at which time such holder shall be entitled, subject to the effect
of applicable abandoned property laws, escheat laws or similar
laws, to receive all such dividends and distributions, without
interest).
1.7(d)
Any portion of the
Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to holders of Company
Stock Certificates as of the date 180 days after the Effective Time
shall be delivered to Parent upon demand, and any holders of
Company Stock Certificates who have not theretofore surrendered
their Company Stock Certificates in accordance with this
Section 1.7 shall thereafter look only to Parent for
satisfaction of their claims for Parent Common Stock, cash in lieu
of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock and any dividends or
distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock.
1.7(e)
Each of the Exchange
Agent, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to
deduct and withhold from any consideration payable or otherwise
deliverable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder or former
holder of Company Common Stock such amounts as may be required to
be deducted or withheld therefrom under the Code or any provision
of state, local or foreign tax law or under any other applicable
Legal Requirement. To the extent such amounts are so deducted
or withheld and paid over to the proper Governmental Body, such
amounts shall be treated for all purposes under this Agreement as
having been paid to the Person to whom such amounts would otherwise
have been paid.
1.7(f)
Neither Parent nor the
Surviving Corporation shall be liable to any holder or former
holder of Company Common Stock or to any other Person with respect
to any shares of Parent Common Stock (or dividends or distributions
with respect thereto), or for any cash amounts properly delivered
to any public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned
property law, escheat law or similar Legal Requirement.
1.8
Treatment of Company Options
and Other Equity-Based Awards.
1.8(a)
At the Effective Time each
option granted (or previously assumed) by the Company to purchase
shares of Company Common Stock (each a “ Company Option ”), which is
outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time
(each an “ Outstanding
Company Option ”), other than the Company Warrants,
shall cease to represent a right to acquire shares of Company
Common Stock and shall be terminated. Prior to the Closing
Date, the Company shall take all action necessary to effect the
termination of all Company Options as contemplated by this
Section 1.8(a) , including without limitation
acceleration of the vesting of Outstanding Company Options in
accordance with their terms.
5
1.8(b)
Prior to the Effective
Time, the Company shall take all actions (including, if
appropriate, amending the terms of the Company’s Employee
Stock Purchase Plan (the “ ESPP ”)) that are necessary to
(i) cause the ending date of the then current purchase period
under the ESPP to occur on or before the last trading day prior to
the Effective Time (the “ Final Purchase Date ”),
(ii) cause all then existing offerings under the ESPP to
terminate immediately following the purchase on the Final Purchase
Date, (iii) suspend all future offerings that would otherwise
commence under the ESPP following the Final Purchase Date and
(iv) cease all further payroll deductions under the ESPP
effective as of the Final Purchase Date. On the Final
Purchase Date, the Company shall apply the funds credited as of
such date under the ESPP within each participant’s payroll
withholding account to the purchase of whole shares of Company
Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the ESPP, which shares
shall be treated in the manner described in Section 1.5
.
1.8(c)
No Company Options, or any
other equity compensation plans of the Company, including plan
documents governing options or any other equity-based award which
may have been assumed as a result of corporate acquisition
transactions by the Company, as applicable (collectively, and in
each case as the same may be amended to the date hereof, the
“ Company Stock Plans
”) will continue after the Effective time or be assumed or
continued by Parent or the Surviving Corporation; provided that
Company Warrants will continue to be in effect pursuant to their
terms.
1.9
Tax Consequences
. For federal income tax
purposes, the Merger is intended to constitute a reorganization
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
The parties to this Agreement hereby adopt this Agreement as a
“plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Sections
1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United States Treasury
Regulations.
1.10
Further Action
. If, at any time after
the Effective Time, any further action is determined by Parent to
be necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this
Agreement or to vest the Surviving Corporation with full right,
title and possession of and to all rights and property of Merger
Sub and the Company, the officers and directors of the Surviving
Corporation and Parent shall be fully authorized (in the name of
Merger Sub, in the name of the Company and otherwise) to take such
action.
SECTION 2
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF THE COMPANY.
Except as set forth in the
Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company represents and warrants to
Parent and Merger Sub as follows:
2.1
Organization and Good
Standing.
2.1(a)
The Acquired Corporations
are corporations or other Entities duly organized, validly
existing, and in good standing (where such concept is applicable)
under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation
or organization, with full corporate power or other Entity
authority to conduct their respective businesses as now being
conducted, to own or use the respective properties and assets that
they purport to own or use, and to perform all their respective
obligations under Acquired Corporation Contracts. Each of
the
6
Acquired Corporations
is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or other
Entity and is in good standing (where such concept is applicable)
under the laws of each state or other jurisdiction in which either
the ownership or use of the properties owned or used by it, or the
nature of the activities conducted by it, requires such
qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified could
not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to
result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations.
2.1(b)
Part 2.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists, as of
the date hereof, all Acquired Corporations and indicates as to each
the type of Entity, its jurisdiction of organization and, except in
the case of the Company, its shareholders or other equity
holders. Part 2.1(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies
of, the certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws and other
organizational documents (collectively, the “ Organizational Documents ”) of
each of the Acquired Corporations, as currently in effect.
For the purposes of this Agreement, the phrase “made
available” when used in connection with either party shall
constitute the production by that party of such document(s) in
an electronic dataroom for purposes of review by the other party
and its legal counsel and advisors in connection with the
negotiation of this Agreement.
2.1(c)
The Company has made
available to Parent copies of, the charters of each committee of
the Company’s Board of Directors (the “ Company Board ”) and any code of
conduct or similar policy adopted by the Company.
2.2
Authority; No Conflict.
2.2(a)
The Company has all
necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to
which it is a party, to perform its obligations hereunder and
thereunder and to consummate the Merger and the other transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby (collectively, and including the
transactions contemplated by the Company Voting Undertakings, the
“ Contemplated
Transactions ”). The execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company
of the Contemplated Transactions have been duly and validly
authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate
proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize
this Agreement or to consummate the Contemplated Transactions
(other than, with respect to the Merger, the Required Company
Shareholder Vote and the filing of appropriate merger documents as
required by Delaware Law and California Law). The Board of
Directors of the Company has unanimously approved this Agreement,
declared it to be advisable and resolved to recommend to the
shareholders of the Company that they vote in favor of the adoption
of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law and California
Law. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and
delivered by the Company and, assuming the due execution and
delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes
the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the
effect of (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter
in effect relating to rights of creditors generally and
(ii) rules of law and equity governing specific
performance, injunctive relief and other equitable
remedies.
7
2.2(b)
Neither the execution and
delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of any of the
Contemplated Transactions do or will, directly or indirectly (with
or without notice or lapse of time or both), (i) contravene,
conflict with, or result in a violation of (A) any provision
of the Organizational Documents of any of the Acquired
Corporations, or (B) any resolution adopted by the board of
directors or the stockholders of any of the Acquired Corporations;
(ii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of,
or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to
challenge any of the Contemplated Transactions or to exercise any
remedy or obtain any relief (other than dissenter’s rights)
under, any Legal Requirement or any order to which any of the
Acquired Corporations, or any of the assets owned or used by any of
the Acquired Corporations, is or may be subject;
(iii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of
any of the terms or requirements of, or give any Governmental Body
the right to revoke, withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or
modify, any Governmental Authorization that is held by any of the
Acquired Corporations or to which any Acquired Corporation is a
party or by which any Acquired Corporation or its assets are bound;
(iv) cause any of the Acquired Corporations to become subject
to, or to become liable for the payment of, any Tax; (v) cause
any of the assets owned by any of the Acquired Corporations to be
reassessed or revalued by any Governmental Body;
(vi) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or
breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare
a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the
maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any
Acquired Corporation Contract; (vii) require a Consent from
any Person; or (viii) result in the imposition or creation of
any Encumbrance upon or with respect to any of the assets owned or
used by any of the Acquired Corporations, except, in the case of
clauses (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (viii), for
any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other
occurrences that would not prevent or delay consummation of the
Merger in any material respect, or otherwise prevent the Company
from performing its obligations under this Agreement in any
material respect, or would not reasonably be expected, individually
or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect on the
Acquired Corporations.
2.2(c)
The execution and delivery
of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the performance of
this Agreement and the consummation of the Contemplated
Transactions by the Company will not, require any Consent of, or
filing with or notification to, any Governmental Body, except for
(i) (A) applicable requirements, if any, of the Exchange
Act, the Securities Act, the American Stock Exchange and state
securities or “blue sky” laws (“ Blue Sky Laws ”), (B) the
pre-merger notification requirements of the HSR Act, (C) the
filing of the Certificate of Merger as required by Delaware Law and
California Law and (D) any applicable non-United States
competition, antitrust and investment laws, and (ii) such
other Consents, filings or notifications where failure to obtain
such Consents, or to make such filings or notifications, would not
prevent or delay the consummation of the Merger in any material
respect, or otherwise prevent the Company from performing its
obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, and would
not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations.
2.3
Capitalization
. The authorized capital
stock of the Company consists of 48,000,000 shares of Company
Common Stock, 2,000,000 shares of Company Preference Stock, and
250,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock. As of the date
hereof, (a) 19,722,108 shares of Company Common Stock are
issued and outstanding, all of which have been duly authorized and
validly issued, and are fully paid and nonassessable,
(b) 2,140,200
8
shares of Company Common Stock
are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Company
Options or the exercise, settlement or conversion of any other
equity-based awards outstanding under the Company Stock Plans,
(c) 1,554,900 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved for
issuance and available for the future grant of equity-based awards
under the Company Stock Plans, (d) 508,401 shares of Company
Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of the
Company Warrants, (e) 1,118,261 shares of Company Common Stock
are reserved for issuance under the ESPP, (f) 868,000 shares
of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion
of the outstanding convertible debt of the Company, and
(g) 877,406 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for
issuance under the Company’s 401(k) Plan. Except
as described above, there are not any bonds, debentures, notes or
other indebtedness or other securities of the Company having the
right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities
having the right to vote) on any matters on which shareholders of
the Company may vote. Except as set forth in this
Section 2.3 , as of the date hereof no shares of
capital stock or other voting securities of the Company are issued,
reserved for issuance or outstanding, and no shares of capital
stock or other voting securities of the Company will be issued or
become outstanding after the date hereof and before the Effective
Time other than upon exercise of the Company Options or the
exercise, settlement or conversion of any other equity-based awards
under the Company Stock Plans outstanding as of the date hereof,
the exercise of Company Warrants, the conversion of outstanding
convertible debt of the Company, or issuances under the ESPP or the
Company 401(k) Plan. Except as set forth in this
Section 2.3 , as of the date hereof, there are no
Options relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of any of
the Acquired Corporations, or obligating any of the Acquired
Corporations to issue, grant or sell any shares of capital stock
of, or other equity interests in, or securities convertible into,
or exercisable or exchangeable for, equity interests in, the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Since December 28,
2007 through the date of this Agreement, the Company has not issued
any shares of its capital stock or Options in respect thereof
except upon the exercise of the Company Options, the exercise,
settlement or conversion of any other equity-based awards, or
issuances under the ESPP or the Company 401(k) Plan referred
to above. All shares of Company Common Stock subject to
issuance as described above will, upon issuance on the terms and
conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are
issuable, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. None of the Acquired Corporations has any
Contract or other obligation to repurchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire any shares of Company Common Stock or any capital stock of
any of the Company’s Subsidiaries, or make any investment (in
the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in any of
the Company’s Subsidiaries or any other Person. Each
outstanding share of capital stock of each of the Company’s
Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and is owned by the Company or one of its
Subsidiaries free and clear of all Encumbrances other than
Permitted Encumbrances. None of the outstanding equity
securities or other securities of any of the Acquired Corporations
was issued in violation of the Securities Act or any other Legal
Requirement. None of the Acquired Corporations owns, or has
any Contract or other obligation to acquire, any equity securities
or other securities of any Person (other than Subsidiaries of the
Company) or any direct or indirect equity or ownership interest in
any other business. None of the Acquired Corporations is a
general partner of any general or limited partnership. Each
Company Option or other right to acquire Company Common Stock or
other equity of the Company has at all times since July 1,
2004 been properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the
Company’s audited financial statements.
9
2.4
SEC Reports
.
2.4(a)
The Company has filed on a
timely basis all forms, reports and documents required to be filed
by it with the SEC since July 1, 2004. Except to the
extent available in full without redaction on the SEC’s web
site through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval
System (“ EDGAR
”) two days prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company
has made available to Parent copies in the form filed with the SEC
(including the full text of any document filed subject to a request
for confidential treatment) of all of the following that have been
filed with the SEC prior to the date hereof: (i) the
Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for each fiscal
year of the Company beginning on or after July 1, 2004,
(ii) the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q
for each of the first three fiscal quarters in each of the fiscal
years of the Company referred to in clause (i), (iii) all
proxy and information statements relating to the Company’s
meetings of shareholders (whether annual or special) held, and all
information statements relating to shareholder consents, since the
beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in clause (i),
(iv) the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K
filed since the beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in
clause (i), (v) all other forms, reports, registration
statements and other documents (other than drafts of such materials
if the corresponding definitive materials have been provided to
Parent pursuant to this Section 2.4 ) filed by the
Company with the SEC since the beginning of the first fiscal year
referred to in clause (i) (the forms, reports, registration
statements and other documents referred to in clauses (i), (ii),
(iii), (iv) and (v) above, whether or not available
through EDGAR, are, collectively, the “ Company SEC Reports ,” and, to
the extent available in full without redaction through EDGAR at
least two business days prior to the date of this Agreement, the
“ Filed Company SEC
Reports ,” (vi) all certifications and
statements required by Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the
Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 (“ SOX
”), and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated
thereunder, with respect to any report referred to in clause
(i) or (ii) (collectively, the “ Company Certifications ”), and
(vii) all comment letters received by the Company from the
staff of the SEC since July 1, 2004 and all responses to such
comment letters by or on behalf of the Company. No Subsidiary
of the Company is, or since July 1, 2004 has been, required to
file any form, report, registration statement or other document
with the SEC. As used in this Section 2.4 , the
term “file” shall be broadly construed to include any
manner in which a document or information is furnished, transmitted
or otherwise made available to the SEC.
2.4(b)
Each of the Company SEC
Reports (i) as of the date of the filing of such report,
complied in all material respects with the requirements of the
Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and, to
the extent then applicable, SOX, including in each case, the
rules and regulations thereunder, and (ii) as of its
filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a subsequent filing
prior to the date hereof, on the date of such filing) did not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading.
2.4(c)
The Company Certifications
complied with Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Exchange Act
and Sections 302 and 906 of SOX and the rules and
regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, and the statements
contained in the Company Certifications were true and correct as of
the date of the filing thereof.
10
2.4(d)
The Acquired Corporations
have implemented and maintain disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under
the Exchange Act), and such controls and procedures are effective
to ensure that (i) all material information required to be
disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files under the
Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within
the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms,
and (ii) all such information is accumulated and communicated
to the Company’s management, including its principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
2.4(e)
The Company is, and since
January 1, 2005 has been, in compliance in all material
respects with (i) the applicable listing and corporate
governance rules and regulations of the American Stock
Exchange, and (ii) the applicable provisions of SOX. The
Company has made available to Parent true, correct and complete
copies of (i) all correspondence between the Acquired
Corporations and the SEC since July 1, 2004 and (ii) all
correspondence between the Acquired Corporations and the American
Stock Exchange since January 1, 2005.
2.4(f)
The Acquired Corporations
have implemented and maintain a system of internal control over
financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and
15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) sufficient to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, without limitation,
that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorizations,
(ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to
maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is
permitted only in accordance with management’s general or
specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability
for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
differences. Since December 28, 2007, (a) there
have not been any changes in the Acquired Corporations’
internal control over financial reporting that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the
Acquired Corporations’ internal control over financial
reporting, and (b) all “significant deficiencies”
and “material weaknesses” (as such terms are defined by
the Public Accounting Oversight Board) have been disclosed to the
Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the
Company Board.
2.5
Financial
Statements .
2.5(a)
Each of the financial
statements (including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained
or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports complied
with the rules and regulations of the SEC (including
Regulation
S-X) as of the date of the filing of such reports, was prepared in
accordance with GAAP, and fairly presents in all material respects
the financial condition and the results of operations, changes in
stockholders’ equity and cash flow of the Company and its
consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective dates of and for the
periods referred to in such financial statements, subject, in the
case of interim financial statements, to (i) the omission of
notes to the extent permitted by Regulation S-X (that, in the
case of interim financial statements included in the Company SEC
Reports since the Company’s most recent Annual Report on
Form 10-K, would not differ materially from the notes to the
financial statements included in such Annual Report) (the
consolidated balance sheet included in
11
such Annual Report, the
“ Company Balance
Sheet ”), and (ii) normal, recurring year-end
adjustments (the effect of which will not, individually or in the
aggregate, be materially adverse to the Acquired Corporations,
taken as a whole). The financial statements referred to in
this Section 2.5 reflect the consistent application of
such accounting principles throughout the periods involved, except
as disclosed in the notes to such financial statements. No
financial statements of any Person other than the Subsidiaries of
the Company are, or, since July 1, 2004 have been, required by
GAAP to be included in the consolidated financial statements of the
Company.
2.5(b)
Part 2.5(b)
of the Company Disclosure
Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies
of, the documents creating or governing all of the Company’s
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.
2.6
Property
. The Acquired
Corporations (i) have good and valid title to all property
material to the business of the Acquired Corporations and reflected
in the latest audited financial statements included in the Filed
Company SEC Reports as being owned by the Acquired Corporations or
acquired after the date thereof (except for property sold or
otherwise disposed of in the Ordinary Course of Business since the
date thereof), free and clear of all Encumbrances except
(A) the lien of the Company’s principal lender,
(B) Permitted Encumbrances and (C) such imperfections or
irregularities of title or Encumbrances as do not affect the use of
the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby or
otherwise materially impair the business operations in which such
properties are used, in either case in such a manner as to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations, and
(ii) are collectively the lessee of all property material to
the business of the Acquired Corporations and reflected as leased
in the latest audited financial statements included in the Company
SEC Reports (or on the books and records of the Company as of the
date thereof) or acquired after the date thereof (except for leases
that have expired by their terms) and are in possession of the
properties purported to be leased thereunder, and each such lease
is valid and in full force and effect without default thereunder by
the lessee or, to the Knowledge of the Company, the lessor, other
than defaults that would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Acquired Corporations. For the avoidance of doubt, the
representations and warranties set forth in this
Section 2.6 do not apply to Proprietary Rights, which
matters are specifically addressed in Section 2.8
.
2.7
Real Property; Equipment;
Leasehold . All material items of
equipment and other tangible assets owned by or leased to the
Acquired Corporations are adequate for the uses to which they are
being put, are in good and safe condition and repair (ordinary wear
and tear excepted) and are adequate for the conduct of the business
of the Acquired Corporations in the manner in which such business
is currently being conducted. None of the Acquired
Corporations own any material real property or any material
interest in real property. Part 2.7 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule contains an accurate and complete list
of all the Acquired Corporations’ material real property
leases.
2.8
Proprietary Rights
.
2.8(a)
Part 2.8(a)
of the Company Disclosure
Schedule lists the following with respect to Proprietary Rights of
each Acquired Corporation:
12
(i)
Part 2.8(a)(i)(A)
lists all of the Patents and
Patent Applications owned by any of the Acquired Corporations and
relating to any Acquired Corporation Product, setting forth in each
case the applicable jurisdiction.
Part 2.8(a)(i)(B) lists all of the Patents and
Patent Applications relating to any Acquired Corporation Product in
which, any of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or
interest (including, without limitation, any interest acquired
through a license, other right to use or any covenant not to
sue/assert or other immunity from suit granted to any Acquired
Corporation) other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations,
and excluding nonexclusive licenses for “off the shelf”
software widely available through regular commercial distribution
channels on standard terms and conditions, setting forth in each
case the applicable jurisdiction and the nature of the right, title
or interest held by any of the Acquired Corporations. As used
in this Section 2.8, “Knowledge” or
“knowledge” as it relates to an Acquired Corporation
Product acquired by the Acquired Corporations from a third-party
shall limited to the actual knowledge either: (i) acquired
from materials and information provided during due diligence
undertaken during the acquisition; or (ii) acquired since
acquisition of the applicable Acquired Corporation Product.
As used in this Section 2.8 and in Section 2.16, the
phrase “related to” (and any substantially similar
phrase (e.g., “relating to”)) shall mean
that absent the ownership of or a license to such Proprietary
Right, the using, making, selling, offering for sale, marketing,
importing, reproducing, modifying or distributing the Acquired
Corporation Product would infringe or misappropriate such
Proprietary Right.
(ii)
Part 2.8(a)(ii)(A)
lists all of the Registered
Trademarks owned by any of the Acquired Corporations and relating
to any Acquired Corporation Product, setting forth in each case the
applicable jurisdiction. Part 2.8(a)(ii)(B)
lists all of the Registered Trademarks relating to any Acquired
Corporation Product in which, to the Knowledge of the Company, any
of the Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest,
other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations (including,
without limitation, any interest acquired through a license or
other right to use), setting forth in each case the applicable
jurisdiction and the nature of the right, title or interest held by
any of the Acquired Corporations.
(iii)
Part 2.8(a)(iii)(A)
lists all of the Registered
Copyrights and applications for copyright registration owned by any
of the Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired
Corporation Product, setting forth in each case the applicable
jurisdiction. Part 2.8(a)(iii)(B) lists all
of the Registered Copyrights relating to any Acquired Corporation
Product in which, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of the
Acquired Corporations has any right, title or interest, other than
those owned by the Acquired Corporations (including, without
limitation, any interest acquired through a license or other right
to use), and excluding nonexclusive licenses for “off the
shelf” software widely available through regular commercial
distribution channels on standard terms and conditions, setting
forth in each case the applicable jurisdiction.
2.8(b) The Acquired Corporations are the
sole and exclusive owners of and have good and valid title to all
of the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights identified in
Parts 2.8(a)(i)(A), 2.8(a)(ii)(A) and
2.8(a)(iii)(A) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and
all Trade Secrets owned by any Acquired Corporation and relating to
any Acquired Corporation Product, free and clear of all
Encumbrances, except for (i) any lien for current taxes not
yet due and payable, (ii) minor liens that have arisen in the
Ordinary Course of Business and
13
that do not
(individually or in the aggregate) materially detract from the
value of the assets subject thereto or materially impair the
operations of the Acquired Corporations and (iii) general or
blanket liens identified elsewhere in the Company Disclosure
Schedule. To the Knowledge of the Company, the Acquired
Corporations have the rights set forth in the Company Disclosure
Schedule to exploit the Proprietary Rights identified in Parts
2.8(a)(i)(B), 2.8(a)(ii)(B) , and 2.8(c)(iii)(B)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule and all Trade Secrets used by
any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation
Product, other than those owned by the Acquired Corporations
(including without limitation interest acquired through a license
or other right to use). With respect to any Proprietary
Rights licensed from a third party, to the Knowledge of the
Company, no third party that has licensed Proprietary Rights to any
Acquired Corporation has any ownership or license rights to
improvements or derivative works to such Proprietary Rights made by
or on behalf of such Acquired Corporation. The Acquired
Corporation Proprietary Rights identified in
Part 2.8(a) , together with the Trade Secrets used by
any Acquired Corporation and relating to any Acquired Corporation
Product, constitutes, to the Knowledge of the Company all
Proprietary Rights used or currently proposed to be used in the
business of any of the Acquired Corporations relating to any
Acquired Corporation Technology or to any Acquired Corporation
Product as such business was conducted prior to or on the date of
this Agreement.
2.8(c)
Part 2.8(c)
lists all Company Material
Contracts relating to any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights
and any Acquired Corporation Technology, as follows:
(i)
Part 2.8(c)(i)
lists Contracts that grant,
transfer or license any rights in any Acquired Corporation
Proprietary Rights to any Person, provided that
Part 2.8(c)(i) does not list any Acquired
Corporation Contract entered into with customers in the Ordinary
Course of Business which Contracts are in the form of the Acquired
Corporations’ standard form agreement without material
modification and copies of such standard forms have been provided
to Parent or its counsel; and
(ii)
Part 2.8(c)(ii)
lists Contracts, other than
nonexclusive licenses for “off the shelf” software
widely available through regular commercial distribution channels
on standard terms and conditions, that grant, transfer or license
to any Acquired Corporation any rights in any Proprietary Rights or
Technology relating to any Acquired Corporation Product or any
Acquired Corporation Technology that are not owned by the
Company. To the Knowledge of the Company, other than as
provided in the Contracts listed in Part 2.8(c)(ii), there are
no royalties, fees or other amounts payable by any of the Acquired
Corporations to any Person by reason of the ownership, use, sale or
disposition of Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights, Acquired
Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products;
and
(iii)
Except as provided for in
Contracts of the types listed in Part 2.8(c)(i-ii) ,
none of the Acquired Corporations has entered into any written or
oral Contract, or other arrangement to indemnify any other person
against any charge of infringement by any Acquired Corporation
Proprietary Rights, Acquired Corporation Technology or Acquired
Corporation Product other than unaltered indemnification provisions
contained in standard form sales or other agreements with
customers, end users or distributors arising in the Ordinary Course
of Business, the forms of which have been made available to Parent
or its counsel. No
14
Acquired Corporation is a
party to any Contract limiting any Acquired Corporation’s
ability to market, sell or distribute an Acquired Corporation
Product in any market, field or geographical area or that restricts
the use, transfer, delivery or licensing of any Acquired
Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology;
and
(iv)
Part 2.8(c)(iv)
lists each Acquired
Corporation Product that, to the Knowledge of the Company, contains
any software that is subject to an open source license and lists
the open source license applicable to such Acquired Corporation
Product. For purposes of the foregoing the term “open
source license” means any software that is distributed as
free software, open source software, or general public software
(e.g., Linux), including without limitation software licensed or
distributed under any of the following licenses:
(i) GNU’s General Public License (GPL) or Lesser/Library
GPL (LGPL); (ii) the Artistic License (e.g., PERL);
(iii) the Mozilla Public License; (iv) the Netscape
Public License); (v) the Sun Community Source License (SCSL);
(vi) the Sun Industry Standards License (SISL); (vii) the
BSD License; and (viii) the Apache License. The Acquired
Corporations have complied with the terms and conditions in each
such open source license Contract.
2.8(d)
Except as listed in
Part 2.8(d) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule,
(i)
None of the Acquired
Corporations jointly owns, licenses or claims any right, title or
interest with any other Person any Acquired Corporation Proprietary
Rights or Acquired Corporation Technology,
(ii)
No Person has asserted or
threatened a claim, against an Acquired Corporation, nor to the
Knowledge of the Company are there any facts which could give rise
to a claim, which would adversely affect (i) any Acquired
Corporation’s ownership rights to, or rights under, any
Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation
Technology or (ii) any Contract under which any Acquired
Corporation claims any right, title or interest under any Acquired
Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired Corporation
Technology;
(iii)
None of the Acquired
Corporations is subject to any proceeding or outstanding decree,
order, judgment or stipulation restricting the use, transfer or
licensing of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights, Acquired
Corporation Technology or any Acquired Corporation Products by any
of the Acquired Corporations, or which adversely affects the
validity, use or enforceability of any Acquired Corporation
Proprietary Rights;
(iv)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, no Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or Acquired
Corporation Technology owned by an Acquired Corporation have been
infringed or misappropriated by any Person. To the Knowledge
of the Company, there is no unauthorized use, disclosure or
misappropriation of any Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights or
Acquired Corporation Technology; and
(v)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, all Registered Copyrights, Registered Trademarks and
domain names owned by any Acquired Corporation and relating to any
Acquired Corporation Product (A) have been duly filed or
registered (as
15
applicable) with the
applicable Governmental Body, and maintained in accordance with the
legal and administrative requirements in the applicable
jurisdictions, (B) have not lapsed, expired or been abandoned
and (C) no opposition proceedings have been commenced related
thereto. To the Knowledge of the Company, there does not
exist any fact with respect to the Trademarks owned by the Acquired
Corporations that would (i) preclude the issuance of any
Registered Trademarks from any trademark applications, or
(ii) render any such Registered Trademarks invalid or
unenforceable. To the Knowledge of the Company, there does
not exist any fact with respect to any Copyrights owned by the
Acquired Corporations and relating to any Acquired Corporation
Product that would (i) preclude the issuance of any Registered
Copyright from any copyright applications, or (ii) render any
such Copyrights invalid or unenforceable.
2.8(e)
Except as listed in
Parts 2.8 (a)-(d) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule,
(i)
(A) To the Knowledge of
the Company, all Patents in which any of the Acquired Corporations
has any ownership interest and relating to any Acquired Corporation
Product, have been prosecuted in good faith and are in good
standing, (B) there are no inventorship challenges, opposition
or interference proceedings relating to any such Patents,
(C) to the Knowledge of the Company, all such Patents are
valid and enforceable, and (D) to the Knowledge of the
Company, all prosecution, maintenance and annual fees have been
fully paid when due in the correct entity status amount;
(ii)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, there is no material fact with respect to any Patent
Application in which any of the Acquired Corporations has any
ownership interest and relating to any Acquired Corporation Product
that would (i) preclude the issuance of an Issued Patent from
such Patent Application or (ii) render any Issued Patent
issuing from such Patent Application invalid or
unenforceable;
(iii)
No Person has asserted or
threatened a claim against an Acquired Corporation, nor to the
Knowledge of the Company are there any facts which could give rise
to a claim, that any Acquired Corporation Product (or any Acquired
Corporation Proprietary Right or Acquired Corporation Technology
embodied in any Acquired Corporation Product) infringes or
misappropriates or constitutes unlawful use of any Person’s
Proprietary Rights. Other than: (i) the parties granting
rights and identified in Part 2.8(c)(ii) or
(ii) licensees for “off the shelf” software widely
available through regular commercial distribution channels on
standard terms and conditions, no Person has notified any Acquired
Corporation that the Acquired Corporation requires a license to any
of that Person’s Proprietary Rights and no Acquired
Corporation has received any unsolicited written offer to license
(or any other notice of) any Person’s Proprietary
Rights.
(iv)
To the knowledge of the
Company, each of the Acquired Corporations has taken commercially
reasonable and customary measures and precautions necessary to
protect and maintain the confidentiality and restrict the use of
all Trade Secrets in which any of the Acquired Corporations has any
right, title or interest and which relate to any Acquired
Corporation Product or any Acquire Corporation
Technology.
16
2.8(f)
The Acquired Corporations
have not inserted into any Acquired Corporation Product or system,
program or software module included therein, any “back
door,” “time bomb,” “Trojan horse,”
“worm,” “drop dead device,”
“virus” or other software routines or hardware
components designed to permit unauthorized access or to disable or
erase software, hardware or data without the consent of the
user. To the knowledge of the Company, no Acquired
Corporation Product or system, program or software module included
therein, includes any “back door,” “time
bomb,” “Trojan horse,” “worm,”
“drop dead device,” “virus” or other
software routines or hardware components designed to permit
unauthorized access or to disable or erase software, hardware or
data without the consent of the user.
2.8(g)
None of the Acquired
Corporations are and never have been a member or promoter of, or a
contributor to or made any commitments or agreements regarding any
patent pool, industry standards body, standard setting
organization, industry or other trade association or similar
organization, in each case that could or does require or obligate
an Acquired Corporation to grant or offer to any other Person any
license or right to the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights
and/or Acquired Corporation Technology.
2.8(h)
To the knowledge of the
Company, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement
or any ancillary agreement contemplated hereby, the consummation of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or such ancillary
agreements and the satisfaction of any closing condition will not
contravene, conflict with or result in any limitation on any
Acquired Corporation’s, or the Parent’s right, title or
interest in or to the Acquired Corporation Proprietary Rights
and/or Acquired Corporation Technology.
2.8(i)
The Acquired Corporations
have provided to Parent copies of all Contracts with Governmental
Bodies pursuant to which any Acquired Corporation Product or
Acquired Corporation Technology was developed or created, in whole
or in part, using the funding, facilities or personnel of any
Governmental Body. For such Acquired Corporation Products and
the Acquired Corporation Technology, the applicable Acquired
Corporation has (i) timely made all required disclosures
regarding any Patents or patentable inventions resulting from or
conceived during the development of any portion of such Acquired
Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products developed
under a Contract with any Governmental Body such that the
Governmental Body does not have the right to take or claim title to
such Patents or patentable inventions and (ii) timely made all
required disclosures (on the appropriate Governmental Body
schedule) of all technical data and technical information resulting
from the development of any portion of any such Acquired
Corporation Technology or Acquired Corporation Products developed
under any Contract with any Governmental Body in which the
Governmental Body has unlimited, limited, restricted, government
purpose or specifically negotiated rights. The Acquired
Corporations will provide to Parent prior to the Closing copies of
any such disclosures described in (i) and
(ii) above.
17
2.8(j)
Company
Products .
(i)
To the knowledge of the
Company, all Technology and all Proprietary Rights that are
incorporated into or part of any Acquired Corporation Product or
that are necessary for the manufacture, test, sale and use of the
Acquired Corporation Products is owned or licensed by the Acquired
Corporation.
(ii)
To the knowledge of the
Company, no customer or other Person has asserted or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened to assert any claim against
any Acquired Corporation under or based upon any other warranty
relating to any Acquired Corporation Product.
(iii)
No product liability claims
have been threatened, alleged or filed against any Acquired
Corporation related to any Acquired Corporation Product.
2.9
No Undisclosed
Liabilities . The Acquired
Corporations have no liabilities or obligations of any nature
(whether absolute, accrued, contingent, determined, determinable,
choate, inchoate or otherwise), except for (i) liabilities or
obligations reflected or reserved against in the Company Balance
Sheet, or (ii) current liabilities incurred in the Ordinary
Course of Business since the date of the Company Balance Sheet
that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations.
2.10
Taxes .
2.10(a)
Timely Filing of Tax
Returns .
The Acquired Corporations have filed or will cause to be filed all
Tax Returns that are or were required to be filed by or with
respect to any of them, either separately or as a member of a group
of corporations, pursuant to applicable Legal Requirements for
periods ending on or prior to the Closing. All Tax Returns
filed by (or that are included on a consolidated basis) any of the
Acquired Corporations were (and, as to Tax Returns not filed as of
the date hereof, will be) in all respects true, complete and
correct and filed on a timely basis.
2.10(b)
Payment of
Taxes .
The Acquired Corporations have, within the time and in the manner
prescribed by law, paid (and until Closing will pay within the time
and in the manner prescribed by law) all Taxes that are due and
payable by the Acquired Corporations.
2.10(c)
Withholding
Taxes .
Each of the Acquired Corporations have complied (and until the
Closing will comply) with all applicable laws, rules and
regulations relating to the withholding of Taxes and have, within
the times and in the manner prescribed by law, paid over (and until
the Closing will pay over) to the proper Governmental Body all
amounts required to be paid under applicable laws, rules and
regulations relating to the paying over of Taxes.
2.10(d)
Audits
. To Company’s
Knowledge, no Tax Return of any of the Acquired Corporations is
under audit or examination by any Governmental Body, and no notice
of such an audit or examination has been received by any of the
Acquired Corporations
18
and none of the
Acquired Corporations has Knowledge of any threatened audits,
investigations or claims for or relating to Taxes, and there are no
matters under discussion with any Governmental Body with respect to
Taxes. No issues relating to Taxes were raised in writing by
the relevant Governmental Body during any presently pending audit
or examination, and no issues relating to Taxes were raised in
writing by the relevant Governmental Body in any completed audit or
examination that can reasonably be expected to recur in a later
taxable period. Part 2.10(d) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to
Parent copies of, all examiner’s or auditor’s reports,
notices of proposed adjustments or similar commissions received by
any of the Acquired Corporations from any Governmental Body since
December 31, 2004.
2.10(e)
Tax Reserves
. The charges,
accruals, and reserves with respect to Taxes on the respective
books of each of the Acquired Corporations are adequate (and until
Closing will continue to be adequate) to pay all Taxes not yet due
and payable and have been determined in accordance with generally
accepted United States accounting principles. No differences
exist between the amounts of the book basis and the tax basis of
assets (net of liabilities) that are not accounted for on any
accrual on the books of the Acquired Corporations for federal
income tax purposes. There exists no proposed assessment of
Taxes against any of the Acquired Corporations.
2.10(f)
Tax Liens
. No Encumbrance for
Taxes exists with respect to any assets or properties of any of the
Acquired Corporations, nor will any such encumbrances exist at
Closing except for statutory liens for Taxes not yet
due.
2.10(g)
Tax Sharing
Agreements . Part 2.10(g) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule lists, and the Company has made
available to Parent copies of, any Tax sharing agreement, Tax
allocation agreement, Tax indemnity obligation or similar written
or unwritten agreement, arrangement, understanding or practice with
respect to Taxes (including any advance pricing agreement, closing
agreement or other agreement relating to Taxes with any
Governmental Body) to which any of the Acquired Corporations is a
party or by which any of the Acquired Corporations is bound.
No such agreements shall be modified or terminated prior to Closing
without the consent of Parent.
2.10(h)
Extensions of Time for
Filing Tax Returns . None of the Acquired Corporations has
requested any extension of time within which to file any Tax
Return, which Tax Return has not since been filed.
2.10(i)
Waiver of Statutes of
Limitations . None of the Acquired Corporations has
executed any outstanding waivers or comparable consents regarding
the application of the statute of limitations with respect to any
Taxes or Tax Returns.
2.10(j)
Powers of
Attorney . No power of attorney currently in force
has been granted by any of the Acquired Corporations concerning any
Taxes or Tax Return.
2.10(k)
Tax Rulings
. None of the
Acquired Corporations has received or been the subject of a Tax
Ruling (as defined below) or a request for Tax
Ruling.
19
None of the Acquired
Corporations has entered into a Closing Agreement (as defined
below) with any Governmental Authority that would have a continuing
effect after the Closing Date. “ Tax Ruling ” shall mean a written
ruling of a Governmental Authority relating to Taxes. “
Closing Agreement ”
shall mean a written and legally binding agreement with a
Governmental Authority relating to Taxes.
2.10(l)
Availability of Tax
Returns .
Part 2.10(l) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
lists, and Company has made available to Parent complete and
accurate copies of all Tax Returns, and any amendments thereto,
filed by or on behalf of, or which include, any of the Acquired
Corporations, for all taxable periods ending after
December 31, 2004 and on or prior to the Closing
Date.
2.10(m)
Opinions of
Counsel .
Part 2.10(m) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
lists, and Company has provided to Parent true and complete copies
of all memoranda and opinions of counsel, whether inside or outside
counsel, and all memoranda and opinions of accountants or other tax
advisors, which have been received by any of the Acquired
Corporations with respect to Taxes.
2.10(n)
Section 481
Adjustments . None of the Acquired Corporations is
required to include in income any adjustment pursuant to Internal
Revenue Code Section 481 by reason of a voluntary change in
accounting method initiated by any of the Acquired Corporations,
and the Internal Revenue Service has not proposed any such change
in accounting method.
2.10(o)
Net Operating Loss
Carryovers . The amount of each Acquired
Corporation’s net operating losses, and the dates on which
they arose, are set forth in Part 2.10(o) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule.
2.10(p)
Tax Credit
Carryovers . The amount of each Acquired
Corporation’s tax credit carryover, and the nature of those
tax credits and years in which they arose, are set forth in
Part 2.10(p) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule.
2.10(q)
Section 338
Election . No election under Section 338 of
the Code has been made by or with respect to any of the Acquired
Corporations or any of their respective assets or
properties.
2.10(r)
Intercompany
Transactions . None of the Acquired Corporations has
engaged in any transactions with Affiliates which would require the
recognition of income by any of the Acquired Corporations with
respect to such transaction for any period ending on or after the
Closing Date.
2.10(s)
Real Property Transfer
Tax .
None of the Acquired Corporations owns any interest in real estate
as a result of which ownership the Merger or any related
transaction contemplated by this Agreement would be subject to any
realty transfer Tax or similar tax.
2.10(t)
Section 162(m) . The disallowance of a deduction
under Section 162(m) of the Code for employee
remuneration will not apply to any amount paid or
20
payable by any of the
Acquired Corporations under any Acquired Corporation Contract,
Benefit Plan, program, arrangement or understanding currently in
effect.
2.10(u)
Section 280(G) . None of the Acquired Corporations
is a party to any agreement, contract or arrangement that could
result separately or in the aggregate, in the payment of an
“excess parachute payment” within the meaning of
Section 280G of the Code.
2.10(v)
Qualification as a
Reorganization . None of the Acquired Corporations has
taken any action, nor to the Company’s Knowledge is there any
fact or circumstance, that could reasonably be expected to prevent
the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning
of Section 368(a) of the Code.
2.10(w)
Deferred
Revenue .
None of the Acquired Corporations has any material deferred or
unearned income that will be reportable in a taxable period
beginning after the Closing that is attributable to a transaction
that occurred prior to the Closing.
2.10(x)
Tax Shelters
. None of the
Acquired Corporations has participated in any transaction that is
either a “listed transaction” or that the Acquired
Corporation believes in good faith is a “reportable
transaction” or a “transaction of interest” (all
as defined in Treas. Reg. § 1.6011-4).
2.10(y)
Taxable
Presence . None of the Acquired Corporations has a
permanent establishment in any country other than its country of
organization or is subject to Tax in a jurisdiction outside its
country of organization.
2.10(z)
Deferred
Compensation . No Acquired Corporation is a party to
any “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” subject
to Section 409A of the Code that would subject any Person to
tax pursuant to Section 409A of the Code based upon a good
faith interpretation of all applicable regulations, notices and
regulatory guidance.
2.10(aa)
Transfer
Pricing .
All material related party transactions involving any Acquired
Corporation is in compliance with applicable U.S. and foreign
transfer pricing principles and is supported by a study prepared in
compliance with transfer pricing documentation requirements and, to
the extent applicable, Section 482 of the Code and the
Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, as well as any
comparable provisions of state, local, or foreign law, to the
extent applicable.
2.10(bb)
Joint
Venture .
To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Acquired Corporations
has ever been a party to any joint venture, partnership or other
agreement that could be treated as a partnership for Tax
purposes.
2.10(cc)
USRPHC
. None of the
acquired corporations has ever been a “United States Real
Property Holding Corporation” within the meaning of
Section 897(c)(2) of the Code.
21
2.10(dd)
FIN 48
.
Part 2.10(dd) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists
all open or uncertain tax positions (as defined in Financial
Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48) taken by the
Company, if any.
2.11
Employee Benefits
.
2.11(a)
There has not been
(i) any adoption or material amendment by any of the Acquired
Corporations of any collective bargaining agreement or any bonus,
pension, profit sharing, deferred compensation, incentive
compensation, stock ownership, stock purchase, stock option,
phantom stock, stock appreciation right, retirement, vacation,
severance, disability, death benefit, hospitalization, medical,
worker’s compensation, supplementary unemployment benefits,
or other plan, arrangement or understanding (whether or not legally
binding, written or unwritten) or any employment or service
agreement providing compensation or benefits to any current or
former employee, officer, director or independent contractor of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any beneficiary thereof or
entered into, maintained or contributed to, as the case may be, by
any of the Acquired Corporations (collectively, “
Benefit Plans ”), or
(ii) any adoption of, or amendment to, or change in employee
participation or coverage under, any Benefit Plans which would
increase materially the expense of maintaining such Benefit Plans
above the level of the expense incurred in respect thereof for the
fiscal year ended on December 31, 2006. Neither the
execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of
the Contemplated Transactions will (either alone or in conjunction
with any other event) result in, cause the accelerated vesting or
delivery of, or increase the amount or value of, any payment or
benefit to any employee of the Acquired Corporations, and all
Benefit Plans permit assumption by Parent upon consummation of the
Contemplated Transactions without the consent of any participant or
other party.
2.11(b)
For purposes of this
Agreement, the following definitions apply: “
Controlled Group Liability
” means any and all liabilities under (i) Title IV of
ERISA, (ii) section 302 of ERISA, (iii) sections 412
and 4971 of the Code, (iv) the continuation coverage
requirements of section 601 et seq. of ERISA and
section 4980B of the Code, and (v) corresponding or
similar provisions of foreign laws or regulations, other than such
liabilities that arise solely out of, or relate solely to, the
Plans; “ ERISA
” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended, and the regulations thereunder; “ ERISA Affiliate ” means, with
respect to any entity, trade or business, any other entity, trade
or business that is a member of a group described in
Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or
Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA that includes the first
entity, trade or business, or that is a member of the same
“controlled group” as the first entity, trade or
business pursuant to Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA.
2.11(c)
Part 2.11(c)
of the Company Disclosure
Schedule includes a complete list of all employee benefit plans,
programs, policies, practices, and other arrangements providing
benefits to any current or former employee, officer or director of
any of the Acquired Corporations or beneficiary or dependent
thereof, whether or not written, and whether covering one person or
more than one person, including the Benefit Plans, sponsored or
maintained by any Acquired Corporation, to which any Acquired
Corporation contributes or is obligated to contribute, or with
respect to which an Acquired Corporation has or may have any
liability (“ Plans
”). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
the term “Plans” includes
22
all employee welfare
benefit plans within the meaning of Section 3(1) of
ERISA, all employee pension benefit plans within the meaning of
Section 3(2) of ERISA, and all other employee benefit,
bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, stock purchase, stock
option, severance (or restriction on termination in the absence of
a notice period), change of control and fringe benefit plans,
programs or agreements.
2.11(d)
With respect to each Plan,
the Company has made available to Parent a true, correct and
complete copy of: (i) each writing constituting a part
of such Plan, including without limitation all plan documents,
benefit schedules, trust agreements, and insurance contracts and
other funding vehicles, and a written description of any unwritten
Plan; (ii) the three most recently filed Annual Reports
(Form 5500 Series) and accompanying schedules, if any, and
audit reports; (iii) the current summary plan description and
any material modifications thereto, if any; (iv) the most
recent annual financial report, if any; (v) the most recent
actuarial report, if any; (vi) the most recent advisory,
opinion, and/or determination letter from the IRS, as applicable;
and (vii) all discrimination tests for the three most recent
plan years. Except as specifically provided in the foregoing
documents made available to Parent, there are no amendments to any
Plan or any new Plan that have been adopted or approved nor has the
Company undertaken to make any such amendments or adopt or approve
any new Plan.
2.11(e)
Part 2.11(e)
of the Company Disclosure
Schedule identifies each Plan that is intended to be a
“qualified plan” within the meaning of
Section 401(a) of the Code (“ Qualified Plans ”). Each
Qualified Plan is so qualified, and the Internal Revenue Service
has issued a currently applicable favorable determination letter
with respect to each Qualified Plan that has not been revoked or
the Plan is a prototype plan which may rely on a currently
applicable opinion letter issued with respect to the Plan, and, to
the Knowledge of the Company, there are no existing circumstances
nor any events that have occurred that could adversely affect the
qualified status of any Qualified Plan or the related trust.
No act or omission has occurred with respect to any Qualified Plan
which could increase the cost of any such plan or result in the
imposition of any liability, lien, penalty, or tax under ERISA or
the Code.
2.11(f)
All contributions required
to be made to any Plan by applicable law or regulation or by any
plan document or other contractual undertaking, and all premiums
due or payable with respect to insurance policies funding any Plan,
for any period through the date hereof have been timely made or
paid in full or, to the extent not required to be made or paid on
or before the date hereof, have been fully reflected on the
financial statements contained in the Company SEC
Reports.
2.11(g)
The Company has complied,
and is now in compliance, in all material respects with all
provisions of ERISA, the Code and all laws and regulations
applicable to the Plans, and each Plan has been maintained, funded,
and administered in accordance with its terms. There is not
now, nor do any circumstances exist that could give rise to, any
requirement for the posting of security with respect to a Plan or
the imposition of any Encumbrance on the assets of the Company
under ERISA or the Code. No prohibited transaction has
occurred with respect to any Plan.
2.11(h)
Neither the Acquired
Companies nor any ERISA Affiliate maintains, contributes to (or has
ever maintained, contributed to or been required to
contribute
23
to), or has any
liability or potential liability under (or with respect to) any
(a) plan or arrangement which is subject to (i) the
minimum funding requirements of Code Section 412,
(ii) Part 3 of Title I of ERISA, or (iii) Title IV
of ERISA, (b) “multiemployer plan” (as defined in
Section 3(37) of ERISA), (c) multiple employer plan,
including any multiple employer welfare arrangement (as defined in
Section 3(40) of ERISA), (d) voluntary employees’
beneficiary association (within the meaning of Code
Section 501(c)(9)), (e) welfare benefit fund (within the
meaning of Code Section 419), (f) nonqualified deferred
compensation plan as described in Code Section 409A, or
(g) self-funded group health plan.
2.11(i)
All liabilities in
connection with the termination of any employee pension benefit
plan that was sponsored, maintained or contributed to by any
Acquired Corporation at any time within the past three years have
been fully satisfied. Each Plan can be amended, terminated or
otherwise discontinued at any time in accordance with its terms
without liability on the part of the Acquired Companies or any
ERISA Affiliate.
2.11(j)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, there does not now exist, nor do any circumstances exist
that could result in, any Controlled Group Liability that could be
a liability of any Acquired Corporation following the
Closing. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
neither any Acquired Corporation nor any ERISA Affiliate of any
Acquired Corporation has engaged in any transaction described in
Section 4069 or Section 4204 of ERISA.
2.11(k) No Acquired Corporation has any
liability for life, health, medical or other welfare benefits to
former employees or beneficiaries or dependents thereof, except for
health continuation coverage as required by Section 4980B of
the Code or Part 6 of Title I of ERISA and at no expense to
any Acquired Corporation.
2.11(l)
All Plans covering foreign
employees of the Acquired Corporations comply with applicable local
law and are fully funded and/or book reserved to the extent
applicable.
2.11(m) No labor organization or group of
employees of the Acquired Corporations has made a pending demand
for recognition or certification, and there are no representation
or certification proceedings or petitions seeking a representation
proceeding presently pending or threatened to be brought or filed,
with the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor
relations tribunal or authority. Each of the Acquired
Corporations has complied with the Worker Adjustment and Retraining
Notification Act.
2.11(n)
There are no pending or
threatened claims (other than claims for benefits in the ordinary
course), lawsuits or arbitrations which have been asserted or
instituted against the Plans, any fiduciaries thereof with respect
to their duties to the Plans or the assets of any of the trusts
under any of the Plans which could reasonably be expected to result
in any liability of any Acquired Corporation to any Person
including the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, the Department
of Treasury, or the Department of Labor.
2.11(o)
Part 2.11(o)
of the Company Disclosure
Schedule contains an accurate and complete list as of the date of
this Agreement of all currently
24
outstanding loans
and advances made by any of the Acquired Corporations to any
employee, director, consultant or independent contractor, or an
Affiliate of any of the foregoing, other than routine travel and
expense advances made to employees in the Ordinary Course of
Business. The Acquired Corporations have not, since
July 1, 2004, extended or maintained credit, arranged for the
extension of credit, or renewed an extension of credit, in the form
of a personal loan to or for any director or executive officer of
the Company, or an Affiliate of any such director or executive
officer. Part 2.11(o) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule identifies any extension of credit maintained
by the Acquired Corporations to which the second sentence of
Section 13(k)(1) of the Exchange Act applies.
2.11(p)
Each of the Acquired
Corporations has complied, and are presently in material compliance
with all Legal Requirements relating to employment, equal
opportunity, nondiscrimination, immigration, wages, hours,
benefits, collective bargaining, the payment of social security and
similar taxes, income tax withholding, occupational safety and
health, and/or privacy rights of employees. During the
three-year period prior to the date of this Agreement, none of the
Acquired Corporations has been a party to any action in which any
of the Acquired Corporations was, or is, alleged to have violated
any Legal Requirement relating to employment, equal opportunity,
nondiscrimination, immigration, wages, hours, benefits, collective
bargaining, the payment of social security and similar taxes,
occupational safety and health, and/or privacy rights of
employees.
2.11(q)
Except as described on
Part 2.11(q) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
there are no retired employees, officers, managers or directors of
any of the Acquired Corporations, or their dependents, receiving
benefits or scheduled to receive benefits from any of the Acquired
Corporations in the future.
2.12
Compliance with Legal
Requirements; Governmental Authorizations .
The Acquired Corporations are, and at all times since July 1,
2004 have been, in material compliance with each Legal Requirement
that is or was applicable to any of them or to the conduct or
operation of their business or the ownership or use of any of their
assets; no event has occurred or circumstance exists that (with or
without notice or lapse of time or both) (A) may constitute or
result in a material violation by any of the Acquired Corporations
of, or a substantial failure on the part of any of the Acquired
Corporations to comply with, any Legal Requirement, or (B) may
give rise to any obligation on the part of any of the Acquired
Corporations to undertake, or to bear all or any portion of the
cost of, any substantial remedial action of any nature; and none of
the Acquired Corporations has received, at any time since
July 1, 2004, any notice or other communication (whether oral
or written) from any Governmental Body or any other Person
regarding (A) any actual, alleged, possible, or potential
violation of, or failure to comply with, any Legal Requirement, or
(B) any actual, alleged, possible, or potential obligation on
the part of any of the Acquired Corporations to undertake, or to
bear all or any portion of the cost of, any remedial action of any
nature. Part 2.12 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule lists, and the Company has made available to Parent copies
of, all reports made by any attorney to the Company’s chief
legal officer, chief executive officer, Company Board (or committee
thereof) or other representative pursuant to 17 CFR
Part 205, and all responses thereto.
25
2.13
Environmental
Matters . Each of the Acquired
Corporations is, and at all times has been, in substantial
compliance with, and has not been and is not in material violation
of or subject to any material liability under, any Environmental
Law. None of the Acquired Corporations has any basis to
expect, nor has any of them or, to the Company’s Knowledge,
any other Person for whose conduct they are or may be held to be
responsible received, any written order, notice, or other
communication from (i) any Governmental Body or private
citizen acting in the public interest, or (ii) the current or
prior owner or operator of any Facilities, of any actual or
potential material violation by any of the Acquired Corporations,
or failure by any of the Acquired Corporations to comply with, any
Environmental Law, or of any actual or threatened material
obligation by an Acquired Corporation to undertake or bear the cost
of any Environmental, Health, and Safety Liabilities with respect
to any of the Facilities or any other properties or assets (whether
real, personal, or mixed) in which any of the Acquired Corporations
has or has had an interest, or with respect to any property or
Facility at or to which Hazardous Materials were generated,
manufactured, refined, transferred, imported, used, or processed by
any of the Acquired Corporations or any other Person for whose
conduct any of the Acquired Corporations are or may be held legally
responsible (“ Acquired
Corporations Hazardous Material ”), or from which
Acquired Corporations Hazardous Materials have been transported,
treated, stored, handled, transferred, disposed, recycled, or
received. No underground storage tanks or underground
impoundments, including, without limitation, treatment or storage
tanks, sumps, or water, gas or oil wells, have been used by the
Acquired Corporations, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, by
others, at, on or under any Facilities. To the
Company’s Knowledge, no asbestos or asbestos-containing
material, formaldehyde or insulating material containing urea
formaldehyde, or material containing polychlorinated biphenyls, is
present in, on or at any of the Facilities. The Acquired
Corporations have delivered to Parent true and complete copies of
all material investigations, reports, studies, audits, tests,
sampling results, monitoring, evaluations or analyses possessed or
initiated by the Acquired Corporations pertaining to any Hazardous
Material in, on, beneath or adjacent to any of the Facilities, or
to which the Acquired Companies have sent any Hazardous Material,
or concerning compliance by the Acquired Corporations, or any other
person for whose conduct the Acquired Corporations are legally
responsible, with any Environmental Law.
2.14
Legal Proceedings
.
2.14(a)
There is no pending Legal
Proceeding (i) that has been commenced by or against any of
the Acquired Corporations or that otherwise relates to or may
affect the business of, or any of the assets owned or used by, any
of the Acquired Corporations, except for such Legal Proceedings as
are normally incident to the business carried on by the Acquired
Corporations and could not reasonably be expected to, individually
or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on the
Acquired Corporations, (ii) that challenges, or that may have
the effect of preventing, delaying, making illegal, or otherwise
interfering with, any of the Contemplated Transactions, or
(iii) against any director or officer of any of the Acquired
Corporations pursuant to Section 8A or 20(b) of the
Securities Act or Section 21(d) or 21C of the Exchange
Act.
2.14(b)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, (i) no Legal Proceeding that if pending would be
required to be disclosed under the preceding paragraph
has
26
been threatened, and
(ii) no event has occurred or circumstance exists that may
give rise to or serve as a basis for the commencement of any such
Legal Proceeding.
2.15
Absence of Certain Changes and
Events . From December 28,
2007, through the date of this Agreement, the Acquired Corporations
have conducted their businesses only in the Ordinary Course of
Business and there has not been any Material Adverse Effect on the
Acquired Corporations, and no event has occurred or circumstance
exists that may result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations, or:
2.15(a)
any material loss, damage
or destruction to, or any material interruption in the use of, any
of the assets of any of the Acquired Corporations (whether or not
covered by insurance) that has had or could reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations;
2.15(b)
(i) any declaration,
accrual, set aside or payment of any dividend or any other
distribution in respect of any shares of capital stock of any
Acquired Corporation, or (ii) any repurchase, redemption or
other acquisition by any Acquired Corporation of any shares of
capital stock or other securities;
2.15(c)
any sale, issuance or
grant, or authorization of the issuance of, (i) any capital
stock or other security of any Acquired Corporation (except for
Company Common Stock issued upon the valid exercise of Company
Options or Company Warrants or the exercise, settlement or
conversion of equity-based awards under the Company Stock Plans
issuances under the ESPP, or issuances pursuant to the Company
401(k) Plan), (ii) any option, warrant or right to
acquire any capital stock or any other security of any Acquired
Corporation (except for equity-based awards described in
Section 2.3 ), or (iii) any instrument convertible
into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other security of any
Acquired Corporation;
2.15(d)
any amendment or waiver of
any of the rights of any Acquired Corporation under, or
acceleration of vesting under, (i) any provision of any of the
Company Stock Plans or (ii) any provision of any Contract
evidencing any Company Option or other equity-based
award;
2.15(e)
any creation of any
Subsidiary of an Acquired Corporation or acquisition by any
Acquired Corporation of any equity interest or other interest in
any other Person;
2.15(f)
any change of the methods
of accounting or accounting practices of any Acquired Corporation
in any material respect;
2.15(g)
any material Tax election
by any Acquired Corporation;
2.15(h)
any commencement or
settlement of any Legal Proceeding by any Acquired Corporation;
or
2.15(i)
any agreement or
commitment to take any of the actions referred to in clauses
(a) through (h) above.
27
2.16
Contracts; No
Defaults.
2.16(a)
Part 2.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists as of
the date hereof, and, except to the extent filed in full without
redaction as an exhibit to a Filed Company SEC Report, the Company
has made available to Parent copies of, each Acquired Corporation
Contract and other instrument or document (including any amendment
to any of the foregoing)
(i)
described in paragraphs
(b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(9) or (b)(10) of Item 601 of
Regulation S-K of the SEC;
(ii)
with any director, officer or
Affiliate of the Company;
(iii)
evidencing, governing or
relating to indebtedness for borrowed money,
(iv)
not entered into in the
Ordinary Course of Business that involves expenditures or receipts
in excess of $250,000;
(v)
that in any way purports to
limit the freedom of any Acquired Corporation or any of their
Affiliates to engage in any line of business or to compete with any
Person or in any geographic area or to hire or retain any Person,
other than agreements with third parties for the purpose of
pursuing business opportunities with a Governmental
Body;
(vi)
relating to the employment of,
or the performance of services by, any employee or consultant, or
pursuant to which any of the Acquired Corporations is or may become
obligated to make any severance, termination or similar payment in
excess of $100,000 to any current or former employee or director;
or pursuant to which any of the Acquired Corporations is or may
become obligated to make any bonus or similar payment (other than
payments constituting base salary) in excess of $100,000 to any
current or former employee or director;
(vii)
(A) relating to the
acquisition, transfer, development, sharing or license of any
Proprietary Rights and/or Technology relating to any Acquired
Corporation Product (except for any Contract pursuant to which
(i) any Proprietary Rights is licensed to the Acquired
Corporations under any third party software license generally
available to the public, or (ii) any Proprietary Rights is
licensed by any of the Acquired Corporations to any Person on a non
exclusive basis pursuant to an unmodified standard license
agreement, the form of which has been provided to Parent) or
(B) of the type referred to in Section 2.8(c)
;
(viii)
providing for indemnification
of any officer, director, employee or agent;
(ix)
(A) relating to the
acquisition, issuance, voting, registration, sale or transfer of
any securities, (B) providing any Person with any preemptive
right, right of participation, right of maintenance or any similar
right with respect to any
28
securities, or
(C) providing any of the Acquired Corporations with any right
of first refusal with respect to, or right to repurchase or redeem,
any securities, except for Contracts evidencing Company Options or
employment Contracts entered into in the Ordinary Course of
Business which contemplate the issuance of Company
Options;
(x)
incorporating or relating to
any guaranty, any warranty or any indemnity or similar obligation,
except for Contracts substantially identical to the standard forms
of end user licenses previously made available by the Company to
Parent;
(xi)
relating to any currency
hedging;
(xii)
imposing or containing
“standstill” or similar provisions;
(xiii)
(A) to which any
Governmental Body is a party or under which any Governmental Body
has any rights or obligations, or (B) directly or indirectly
benefiting any Governmental Body (including any subcontract or
other Contract between any Acquired Corporation and any contractor
or subcontractor to any Governmental Body);
(xiv)
requiring that any of the
Acquired Corporations give any notice or provide any information to
any Person prior to considering or accepting any Acquisition
Proposal or similar proposal, or prior to entering into any
discussions, agreement, arrangement or understanding relating to
any Acquisition Transaction or similar transaction;
(xv)
other than in the Ordinary
Course of Business contemplating or involving the payment or
delivery of cash or other consideration in an amount or having a
value in excess of $200,000 in the aggregate, or contemplating or
involving the performance of services having a value in excess of
$200,000 in the aggregate; and
(xvi)
any other Contract, if a
breach of such Contract could reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations.
Each of the foregoing
is a “ Company Material
Contract .”
2.16(b)
Each Company Material
Contract is valid and in full force and effect, and is enforceable
in accordance with its terms subject to the effect of
(i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect
relating to rights of creditors generally and
(ii) rules of law and equity governing specific
performance, injunctive relief and other equitable
remedies.
2.16(c)
(i) None of the
Acquired Corporations has violated or breached, or committed any
default under, any Acquired Corporation Contract, except for
violations, breaches and defaults that, individually or in the
aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations; and,
to the Knowledge of the Company, no other Person has violated or
breached, or committed any default under, any Acquired Corporation
Contract, except for violations, breaches and defaults that,
individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Acquired Corporations; (ii) to the Knowledge
29
of the Company, no
event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that
(with or without notice or lapse of time) will or would reasonably
be expected to, (A) result in a violation or breach of any of
the provisions of any Acquired Corporation Contract, (B) give
any Person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy
under any Acquired Corporation Contract, (C) give any Person
the right to receive or require a rebate, chargeback, penalty or
change in delivery schedule under any Acquired Corporation
Contract, (D) give any Person the right to accelerate the
maturity or performance of any Acquired Corporation Contract,
(E) result in the disclosure, release or delivery of any
Acquired Corporation Source Code, or (F) give any Person the
right to cancel, terminate or modify any Acquired Corporation
Contract, except in each such case for defaults, acceleration
rights, termination rights and other rights that, individually or
in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired Corporations; and
(iii) since December 28, 2007, none of the Acquired
Corporations has received any notice or other communication
regarding any actual or possible violation or breach of, or default
under, any Acquired Corporation Contract, except in each such case
for defaults, acceleration rights, termination rights and other
rights that have not had and would not reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Acquired
Corporations.
2.17
Insurance
. The Acquired
Corporations are covered by valid and currently effective insurance
policies issued in favor of the Company that are customary for
companies of similar size and financial condition and are adequate
in amount to cover all currently pending or overtly threatened
claims, including without limitation any claims for breach of
warranty and claims for indemnification regarding any of the
Acquired Corporation’s products or services. All such
policies are in full force and effect, all premiums due thereon
have been paid and the Acquired Corporations have complied with the
provisions of such policies. The Acquired Corporations have
not been advised of any defense to coverage in connection with any
claim to coverage asserted or noticed by the Acquired Corporations
under or in connection with any of their extant insurance
policies. The Acquired Corporations have not received any
written notice from or on behalf of any insurance carrier issuing
policies or binders relating to or covering any of the Acquired
Corporations that there will be a cancellation or non renewal of
existing policies or binders, or that alteration of any equipment
or any improvements to real estate occupied by or leased to or by
the Acquired Corporations, purchase of additional equipment, or
material modification of any of the methods of doing business, will
be required.
2.18
Labor Matters
. Except as disclosed in
the Filed Company SEC Reports, (i) none of the Acquired
Corporations is a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining
agreement, contract or other agreement or understanding with a
labor union or labor organization; (ii) none of the Acquired
Corporations is the subject of any Legal Proceeding asserting that
any of the Acquired Corporations has committed an unfair labor
practice or seeking to compel it to bargain with any labor
organization as to wages or conditions of employment;
(iii) there is no strike, work stoppage or other labor
dispute involving any of the Acquired Corporations pending or, to
the Company’s Knowledge, threatened; (iv) no complaint,
charge or Legal Proceeding by or before any Governmental Body
brought by or on behalf of any employee, prospective employee,
former employee, retiree, labor organization or other
representative of its employees is pending or, to the
Company’s Knowledge, threatened against any of the Acquired
Corporations; (v) no material grievance is pending or, to the
Company’s Knowledge, threatened against any of the Acquired
Corporations; and (vi) none of the Acquired
30
Corporations is a party to, or
otherwise bound by, any consent decree with, or citation by, any
Governmental Body relating to employees or employment
practices.
2.19
Government
Contracting.
2.19(a)
Except as set forth in
Part 2.19(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
there are (i) no outstanding claims against the Company,
either by any Governmental Body or any prime contractor,
subcontractor, vendor or other third party arising under or
relating to any Government Contract, and (ii) no disputes
between the Company and any Governmental Body under the Contract
Disputes Act or any other federal statute or between the Company
and any prime contractor, subcontractor or vendor arising under or
relating to any such Government Contract. Except as set forth
in Part 2.19(a) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, to the Knowledge of the Company there are no facts that
could reasonably be expected to result in a claim or dispute under
clause (i) or (ii) of the immediately preceding
sentence.
2.19(b)
The Company has submitted
all required provisional bid labor and indirect rates through
fiscal year 2008 and final indirect rates to the cognizant U.S.
Government administrative contracting officer through fiscal year
2006. All such submissions are consistent with all government
regulations cost accounting rules and regulations, including
but not limited to the Federal Acquisition Regulations. No
unallowable costs were contained therein.
2.19(c)
Except as set forth in
Part 2.19(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
neither the Company nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of
its present employees, consultants or agents is (or during the last
five years has been) suspended or debarred from doing business with
any Governmental Body or is (or during such period was) the subject
of a finding of non-responsibility or ineligibility for any
Governmental Body.
2.19(d)
Except as set forth in
Part 2.19(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
to the Knowledge of the Company, no statement, representation or
warranty made by Company in any Government Contract, any government
bid or any exhibit thereto or in any certificate, statement, list,
schedule or other document submitted or furnished to any
Governmental Body in connection with any Government Contract or
government bid (i) contained on the date so furnished or
submitted any untrue statement of material fact, or failed to state
a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein,
in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not
misleading, or (ii) contains any untrue statement of a
material fact, or fails to state a material fact necessary to make
the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances in
which they are made, not misleading, except where, in the case of
both clauses (i) and (ii), any untrue statement or failure to
state a fact would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
2.19(e)
The Company, in conducting
the Business as it relates to government contracts, is in material
compliance with all government accounting principals and governing
regulations. No unidentified unallowable costs exist on the
books and records of the Company.
31
2.19(f)
The Company has submitted
all required labor rate proposals, as well as all final indirect
rate submissions, to the cognizant Defense Contract Management
Agency (DCMA) Administrative Contracting Officer for prior years in
accordance with applicable Federal Acquisition Regulations, and
there are no outstanding or unresolved matters with respect
thereto.
2.19(g)
Except as set forth in
Part 2.19(g) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule: (i) none of the Company’s employees,
consultants or agents is (or during the last five years has been)
under administrative, civil or criminal investigation, indictment
or request for information by any Governmental Entity relating to
the performance of his or her duties to the Company;
(ii) there is not pending any audit or investigation of the
Company, its officers, employees or representatives nor within the
last five years has there been any audit or investigation of the
Company, officers, employees or representatives resulting in a
material adverse finding with respect to any alleged irregularity,
misstatement or omission arising under or relating to any
government contract; and (iii) during the last five years, the
Company has not made any voluntary disclosure to any Governmental
Body with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or
omission arising under or relating to a government contract.
Except as set forth in Part 2.19(g) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company has not had any
irregularities, misstatements or omissions arising under or
relating to any government contract that has led or is expected to
lead, either before or after the Effective Time, to any of the
consequences set forth in clause (i) or (ii) of the
immediately preceding sentence or any other material damage,
penalty assessment, recoupment of payment or disallowance of
cost.
2.20
Interests of Officers and
Directors . None of the officers
or directors of any of the Acquired Corporations or any of their
respective Affiliates (other than the Acquired Corporations) has
any interest in any property, real or personal, tangible or
intangible, used in or pertaining to the business of the Acquired
Corporations, or in any supplier, distributor or customer of the
Acquired Corporations, or any other relationship, contract,
agreement, arrangement or understanding with the Acquired
Corporations, except as disclosed in the Filed Company SEC Reports
and except for the normal rights of a stockholder and rights under
the Plans and the Company Options.
2.21
Export Control Laws;
Encryption and Other Restricted Technology .
The Acquired Corporations have complied with all U.S. export
control Legal Requirements regarding any export of its products or
technology, including the Export Administration Regulations
(“ EAR ”)
maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the International
Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ ITAR ”) maintained by the
Department of State. The Acquired Corporations’
business as currently conducted does not require any of the
Acquired Corporations to obtain a license from the United States
Departments of Commerce or State or an authorized body thereof
under ITAR or EAR or other legislation regulating the development,
commercialization or export of technology. The Acquired
Corporations have not received any correspondence from the export
control authorities in any country, including the
U.S. Departments of Commerce or State, regarding any
pre-penalty notice, notice of penalty, subpoena or request for
documents, or notice of audit, investigation or inquiry by a
special agent or other export control agent or official.
32
2.22
Business
Relationships . To the Company’s
Knowledge, the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of
the Merger and the other Contemplated Transactions will not
materially adversely affect the relationships of the Acquired
Corporations with any material customers, distributors, licensors,
designers and suppliers. None of the Acquired Corporations
has received any notification that any material distributor,
reseller, original equipment manufacturer, customer, supplier,
foundry or manufacturer will discontinue or materially reduce the
purchase, supply or the manufacture, as the case may be, of any
Acquired Corporation Products.
2.23
International Trade
Matters . The Company is, and at
all times since January 1, 2002 has been, in compliance with
and has not been and is not in material violation of any
International Trade Law (defined below), including but not limited
to, all laws and regulations related to the import and export of
commodities, software, and technology from and into the United
States, and the payment of required duties and tariffs in
connection with same. The Company has no basis to expect, nor
has any of them or any other person for whose conduct they are or
may be held to be responsible received, any actual or threatened
order, notice, or other communication from any governmental body of
any actual or potential violation or failure to comply with any
International Trade Law. “ International Trade Law ” shall
mean U.S. statutes, laws and regulations applicable to
international transactions, including, but not limited to, the
Export Administration Act, the Export Administration Regulations,
the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the Arms Export Control Act, the
International Traffic in Arms Regulations, the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act, the Trading with the Enemy Act, the
U.S. Customs laws and regulations, the Foreign Asset Control
Regulations, and any regulations or orders issued
thereunder.
2.24
Rights Plan
. The Company does not
have any shareholder rights plan or “poison pill” in
effect, including without limitation any agreement with a third
party trust or fiduciary entity with respect thereto.
2.25
Opinion of Financial
Advisor . The Company’s
Board of Directors has received the opinion of Imperial Capital LLC
(“ Imperial ”)
(a copy of whose engagement letter has been provided to Parent)
dated February 20, 2008, to the effect that, as of such date,
the Exchange Ratio in the Merger is fair to the shareholders of the
Company from a financial point of view. A copy of that
opinion has been delivered to Parent, for informational purposes
only.
2.26
Brokers . No broker, finder,
investment banker or other Person (other than Imperial) is entitled
to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in
connection with the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions based
upon arrangements made by or on behalf of any Acquired
Corporation. There are no Acquired Corporation Contracts
between the Acquired Corporations and Imperial pursuant to which
such firm would be entitled to any payment relating to the
Contemplated Transactions other than the engagement letter
described in Section 2.25 .
2.27
Full Disclosure
. None of the
information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of the
Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the
Form S-4 Registration Statement will, at the time the
Form S-4 Registration Statement is filed with the SEC or at
the time it becomes effective under the Securities Act, contain any
untrue statement of
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a material fact or omit to
state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. None
of the information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of
the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the
Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus is mailed to the shareholders of the Company
or the stockholders of Parent or at the time of the Company
Shareholders’ Meeting or the Parent Stockholders’
Meeting contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no representation or warranty is
made by the Company with respect to statements made or incorporated
by reference therein about Parent supplied by Parent for inclusion
or incorporation by reference in the Form S-4 Registration
Statement or the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
2.28
Sale of Products; Performance
of Services.
2.28(a)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, each Acquired Corporation product, system, program,
Proprietary Right or other asset designed, developed, manufactured,
assembled, sold, installed, licensed or otherwise made available by
the Company since July 1, 2004 or by any other Acquired
Corporation since the later of July 1, 2004 or the date of its
acquisition by the Company to any Person:
(i)
materially conformed and
complied with the terms and requirements of any applicable warranty
or other Contract and with all applicable material Legal
Requirements; and
(ii)
was free of any bug, virus,
design defect or other defect or deficiency at the time it was sold
or otherwise made available, other than any immaterial bug or
similar defect that would not adversely affect in any material
respect such product, system, program, Acquired Corporation
Proprietary Rights or other asset (or the operation or performance
thereof).
2.28(b)
To the Knowledge of the
Company, all installation services, programming services, repair
services, maintenance services, support services, training
services, upgrade services and other services that have been
performed by the Acquired Corporations were performed properly and
in full conformity with the terms and requirements of all
applicable warranties and other Contracts and with all applicable
material Legal Requirements, and the financial results of the
performance of such services have been reflected in the financial
statements contained in the Filed Company SEC Reports in accordance
with GAAP.
2.28(c)
Since December 31,
2006, no customer or other Person has asserted or overtly
threatened to assert any claim against any of the Acquired
Corporations (i) under or based upon any warranty provided by
or on behalf of any of the Acquired Corporations, or
(ii) under or based upon any other warranty relating to any
product, system, program, Proprietary Rights or other asset
designed, developed, manufactured, assembled, sold,
34
installed, repaired,
licensed or otherwise made available by any of the Acquired
Corporations or any services performed by any of the Acquired
Corporations.
SECTION 3
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF PARENT.
Except as set forth in Parent Disclosure
Schedule, Parent represents and warrants to the Company as
follows:
3.1
Organization and Good
Standing.
3.1(a)
Parent and each of its
Subsidiaries are corporations or other Entities duly organized,
validly existing, and in good standing (where such concept is
applicable) under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of
incorporation or organization, with full corporate power or other
Entity authority to conduct their respective businesses as now
being conducted, to own or use the respective properties and assets
that they purport to own or use, and to perform all their
respective obligations under the Parent Contracts. Parent and
its Subsidiaries are duly qualified to do business as foreign
corporations and are in good standing (where such concept is
applicable) under the laws of each state or other jurisdiction in
which either the ownership or use of the properties owned or used
by them, or the nature of the activities conducted by them,
requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so
qualified could not reasonably be expected to, individually or in
the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and
its Subsidiaries.
3.1(b)
Part 3.1(b) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule lists, as of
the date of this Agreement, all of Parent’s Subsidiaries and
indicates as to each the type of Entity and its jurisdiction of
organization. Parent has made available to the Company copies
of the Organizational Documents of Parent, as currently in
effect.
3.1(c)
Parent has made available
to the Company copies of the charters of each committee of
Parent’s Board of Directors and any code of conduct or
similar policies adopted by Parent.
3.2
Authority; No
Conflict.
3.2(a)
Parent has all necessary
corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement
and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to which it
is a party, to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and
to consummate the Contemplated Transactions. Except for the
requirement, under Parent’s agreement with the NASDAQ Stock
Market and the NASDAQ Stock Market’s rules incorporated
by reference therein, to obtain the Required Parent Stockholder
Vote, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
the consummation by Parent of the Contemplated Transactions have
been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action
and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the
Contemplated Transactions (other than, with respect to the Merger,
the filing the Merger Agreement required by Delaware Law and
California Law). The Board of Directors of Parent (the Parent
Board) has unanimously approved this Agreement and declared it to
be advisable. This Agreement has been duly and validly
executed and delivered by Parent and, assuming the due execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, constitutes the
legal, valid and
35
binding obligation of
Parent, enforceable against Parent in accordance with its terms
subject to the effect of (i) applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or
hereafter in effect relating to rights of creditors generally and
(ii) rules of law and equity governing specific
performance, injunctive relief and other equitable
remedies.
3.2(b)
Neither the execution and
delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of any of the
Contemplated Transactions do or will, directly or indirectly (with
or without notice or lapse of time or both); (i) contravene,
conflict with, or result in a violation of (A) any provision
of the Organizational Documents of Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries, or (B) any resolution adopted by the Parent
Board or the stockholders of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries;
(ii) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation of,
or give any Governmental Body or other Person the right to
challenge any of the Contemplated Transactions or to exercise any
remedy or obtain any relief (other than dissenter’s rights)
under, any Legal Requirement or any order to which Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries, or any of the assets owned or used by Parent or
any of its Subsidiaries, may be subject; (iii) contravene,
conflict with, or result in a violation of any of the terms or
requirements of, or give any Governmental Body the right to revoke,
withdraw, suspend, cancel, terminate, or modify, any Governmental
Authorization that is held by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to
which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is party or by which Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets are
bound; (iv) cause Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to become
subject to, or to become liable for the payment of, any Tax;
(v) cause any of the assets owned by Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries to be reassessed or revalued by any Governmental Body;
(vi) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or
breach of any provision of, or give any Person the right to declare
a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the
maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any
Parent Contract; (vii) require a Consent from any Person; or
(viii) result in the imposition or creation of any Encumbrance
upon or with respect to any of the assets owned or used by Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clauses (ii),
(iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (viii), for any such
conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences that
would not prevent or delay consummation of the Merger in any
material respect, or otherwise prevent Parent or Merger Sub from
performing its obligations under this Agreement in any material
respect, or would not reasonably be expected, individually or in
the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and
its Subsidiaries.
3.2(c)
The execution and delivery
of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub do not, and the
performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the
Contemplated Transactions by Parent and Merger Sub will not,
require any Consent of, or filing with or notification to, any
Governmental Body, except (i) for (A) applicable
requirements, if any, of the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, the
NASDAQ Stock Market and Blue Sky Laws, (B) the pre-merger
notification requirements of the HSR Act, (C) filing of
appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware Law and
California Law and (D) any applicable non-United States
competition, antitrust and investment laws and (ii) for such
other Consents, filings or notifications where failure to obtain
such Consents, or to make such filings or notifications, would not
prevent or delay the consummation of the Merger in any material
respect, or otherwise prevent Parent and Merger Sub from performing
their obligations under this Agreement in any material respect, or
would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the
aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent and its
Subsidiaries.
36
3.2(d)
Merger Sub has all
necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement and the other agreements referred to in this Agreement to
perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate
the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions. The execution
and delivery of this Agreement by Merger Sub and the consummation
by Merger Sub of the Contemplated Transactions have been duly and
validly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other
corporate proceedings on the part of the Merger Sub are necessary
to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Contemplated
Transactions (other than, with respect to the Merger, the approval
and adoption of this Agreement by Parent as the holder of a
majority of the outstanding shares of Merger Sub Common Stock and
the filing of appropriate merger documents as required by Delaware
Law and California Law). The Board of Directors of Merger Sub
has unanimously approved this Agreement, declared it to be
advisable and resolved to recommend to Parent that it vote in favor
of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware
Law. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and
delivered by Merger Sub and constitutes the legal, valid and
binding obligations of Merger Sub, enforceable against the Merger
Sub in accordance with its terms.
3.3
Capitalization
. The authorized capital
stock of Parent consists of 195,000,000 shares of Parent
Common Stock. As of the date hereof, (a) 78,998,922
shares of Parent Common Stock are issued and outstanding, all of
which are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, (b) 28,550 shares of Parent Common Stock are
reserved for issuance pursuant to Parent RSU Awards not yet
granted, (d) 2,916,250 shares of Parent Common Stock are
reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Parent RSU
Awards and (e) 8,324,607 shares of Parent Common Stock
reserved for issuance pursuant to Parent Stock Option grants not
yet granted, (g) 6,133,018 shares of Parent Common Stock are
reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Parent Stock
Option grants and (h) there are 5,000,000 shares of
Parent Preferred Stock authorized, of which there are 3,646,363
undesignated shares, 63,637 designated as Series A shares,
90,000 designated as Series B shares, of which 10,000 shares
are currently issued and outstanding, and 1,200,000 designated as
Series C shares. Except as described above, there are
not any bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or other
securities of Parent having the right to vote (or convertible into,
or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any
matter on which the shareholders of Parent may vote. Except
as set forth in the second sentence of this Section 3.3
, as of the date hereof no shares of capital stock or other voting
securities of Parent are issued or reserved for issuance.
Except as set forth in this Section 3.3 , there are no
Options relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries, or obligating Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries to issue, grant or sell any shares of capital stock
of, or other equity interests in, or securities convertible into
equity interests in, Parent or any of its Subsidiaries. Since
December 31, 2007 through the date of this Agreement, Parent
has not issued any shares of its capital stock. All shares of
Parent Common Stock reserved for issuance, upon issuance on the
terms and conditions of the instruments pursuant to which they are
issuable, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has
any obligation to acquire any shares of Parent Common Stock or any
capital stock of Parent’s subsidiaries or make any investment
in o
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