Filed by Inhibitex, Inc.
Pursuant to Rule 425
Under the Securities Act of 1933
and Deemed Filed Pursuant to Rule 14a-12
Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Subject Company: Fermavir Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Exchange Act File No. 333-16480
AGREEMENT AND PLAN
OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
among
INHIBITEX,
INC.
FROST ACQUISITION
CORP.
and
FERMAVIR
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Dated as of
April 9, 2007
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MERGER
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1
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The Merger
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1
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Effective Time; Closing
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2
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Effect of the Merger
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2
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Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of
the Surviving Corporation
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2
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Directors and Officers of the Surviving
Corporation
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3
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CONVERSION OF SECURITIES; EXCHANGE OF
CERTIFICATES
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3
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Conversion of Shares
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3
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Exchange of Shares Other than Dissenting
Shares and Treasury Shares
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3
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Stock Transfer Books
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5
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No Fractional Share Certificates
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5
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Company Options and Warrants
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6
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Certain Adjustments
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7
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Dissenting Shares
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7
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Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates
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7
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Required Deduction or Withholding
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7
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Taking of Necessary Action; Further Action
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8
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND
MERGER SUB
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8
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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8
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Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws;
Corporate Books and Records
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8
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Capitalization
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9
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Authority
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10
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No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents
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10
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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11
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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11
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Brokers
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13
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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13
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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15
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Tax Treatment
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15
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Contracts
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15
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Litigation
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15
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Intellectual Property
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16
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Regulatory Compliance
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18
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Taxes
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19
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Opinion of Financial Advisor
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19
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Vote Required
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19
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Ownership of Merger Sub; No Prior
Activities
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19
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Transactions with Affiliates
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19
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Inapplicability of Anti-takeover Statutes
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19
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Disclosure
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19
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act And
International Trade Sanctions
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20
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
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20
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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20
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Articles of Incorporation and By-laws;
Corporate Books and Records
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21
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Capitalization
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21
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Authority
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22
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No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents
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23
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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23
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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24
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Brokers
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25
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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25
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Employee Benefit Plans
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27
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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30
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Tax Treatment
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31
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Contracts
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31
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Litigation
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33
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Environmental Matters
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33
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Intellectual Property
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34
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Regulatory Compliance
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37
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Taxes
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39
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Insurance
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40
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Transactions with Affiliates
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41
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Vote Required
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41
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Title to Assets
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41
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Disclosure
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41
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Inapplicability of Anti-takeover Statutes
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42
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Real Property
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42
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act And
International Trade Sanctions
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42
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COVENANTS
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42
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Conduct of Business by Parent and Merger Sub
Pending the Closing
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42
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Conduct of Business by the Company and its
Subsidiaries Pending the Closing44
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Registration Statement; Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus
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46
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Parent and Company Recommendation
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48
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Access and Investigation
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49
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Recommendation of the Board; No Solicitation
of Transactions
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50
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Appropriate Action; Consents; Filings
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52
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Certain Notices
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54
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Public Announcements
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54
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The NASDAQ Global Market Listing
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55
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Section 16 Matters
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55
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Indemnification of Directors and Officers
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55
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Meetings with Regulatory Agencies
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56
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Resale Registration Statement
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56
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Directors and Officers
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57
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CLOSING CONDITIONS
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57
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Conditions to Obligations of Each Party Under
This Agreement
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57
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent
and Merger Sub
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58
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of the
Company
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60
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TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
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61
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Termination
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61
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Effect of Termination
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62
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ARTICLE VIIIGENERAL PROVISIONS
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63
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Survival Periods
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63
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Notices
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63
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Amendment
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64
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Waiver
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64
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Expenses
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65
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Certain Definitions
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65
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Headings
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73
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Severability
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73
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Entire Agreement
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74
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Assignment
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74
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Parties in Interest
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74
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Mutual Drafting
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74
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Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver
of Trial by Jury
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74
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Disclosure
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75
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Counterparts
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75
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Specific Performance
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75
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1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN
OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND
REORGANIZATION, dated as of April 9, 2007 (as amended,
supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “
Agreement ”), among INHIBITEX, INC., a Delaware
corporation (“ Parent ”), FERMAVIR
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Florida corporation (the “
Company ”), and FROST ACQUISITION CORP., a Delaware
corporation and a direct wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“
Merger Sub ”):
W I T N E S S E T
H:
WHEREAS, the board of directors of
Parent (the “ Parent Board ”) and the board of
directors of the Company (the “ Company Board ”)
have determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of
their respective companies and stockholders to enter into a
business combination by means of the merger of the Company with and
into Merger Sub and have approved and adopted this Agreement, the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement and as an inducement to Parent to enter
into this Agreement, each of the executive officers and directors
and certain stockholders of the Company have entered into a voting
agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A (the “ Company Voting Agreement
”);
WHEREAS, concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement and as an inducement to the Company to
enter into this Agreement, each of the officers and directors and
certain stockholders of Parent have entered into a voting agreement
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B
(the “ Parent Voting Agreement ”); and
WHEREAS, for United States federal
income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger shall qualify
as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code
”), and that this Agreement shall be, and is hereby, adopted
as a plan of reorganization for purposes of Section 368(a) of the
Code.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the foregoing and the representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements set forth herein, and other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby
acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties
hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1. The Merger . At the
Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.2 ) and subject
to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of this
Agreement and the applicable provisions of the Florida Business
Corporation Act (the “ FBCA ”) and the Delaware
General Corporation Law (the “ DGCL ”), the
Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub (the “
Merger ”), the separate corporate existence of the
Company shall cease and Merger Sub shall continue as the surviving
corporation. Merger Sub, as the surviving corporation after the
Merger, is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “
Surviving Corporation .”
1.2. Effective Time; Closing .
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, the
parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing
(a) articles of merger (the “ Articles of Merger
”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Florida in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the FBCA and (ii) a
certificate of merger (the “ Certificate of Merger
”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the time that
the latter of the two such filings, or such later time as may be
agreed in writing by the Company and Parent and specified in the
Articles of Merger and the Certificate of Merger, being the “
Effective Time ”), as soon as practicable after the
Closing (as defined below) and on the Closing Date (as herein
defined). The closing of the Merger (the “ Closing
”) shall take place at the offices of Dechert LLP, 30
Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10112, at a time and date to
be specified by the parties hereto, which shall be no later than
the fifth business day after the satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those
conditions, which by their terms, are to be satisfied or waived on
the Closing Date, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver
thereof), or at such other time, date and location as the parties
hereto agree in writing (the “ Closing Date
”).
1.3. Effect of the Merger . At
the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall be as provided
in this Agreement, the Articles of Merger, the Certificate of
Merger and the applicable provisions of the FBCA and the DGCL.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject
thereto, at the Effective Time, all of the assets, properties,
rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger
Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all of the debts,
liabilities, obligations, restrictions and duties of the Company
and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations,
restrictions and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
1.4. Certificate of Incorporation
and By-laws of the Surviving Corporation .
(a)
Certificate of Incorporation . As of the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Merger
Sub or the Company, the Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub,
as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation, subject
to Section 5.12, until thereafter amended as provided by the
DGCL and such Certificate of Incorporation; provided,
however , that as of the Effective Time, the Certificate of
Incorporation shall provide that the name of the Surviving
Corporation is “Frost Pharmaceuticals, Inc.”
(b) By-
Laws . As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of Merger Sub or the Company, the
By-laws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be the By-laws of the Surviving Corporation
until thereafter amended, subject to Section 5.12, as provided
by DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation and such By-laws; provided, however , that all
references in such By-laws to Merger Sub shall be amended to refer
to “Frost Pharmaceuticals, Inc.”
1.5. Directors and Officers of the
Surviving Corporation . The initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation shall be the directors of Merger Sub as of immediately
prior to the Effective Time, until their respective successors are
duly elected or appointed and qualified and the initial officers of
the Surviving Corporation shall be the officers of Merger Sub as of
immediately prior to the Effective Time.
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF
SECURITIES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
2.1. Conversion of Shares . At
the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger, and without any action
on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of
any of the following securities:
(a) Each
share of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, of the Company (“
Company Common Stock ”) issued and outstanding
immediately before the Effective Time, excluding (i) Dissenting
Shares (as defined in Section 2.7 below), (ii) those
owned by Parent, Merger Sub and any wholly-owned Subsidiary of
Parent or Merger Sub, and (iii) those held in the treasury of
the Company and all rights in respect thereof, shall, forthwith
cease to exist and be converted into and become exchangeable for
the right to receive a number of shares of common stock, $0.001 par
value per share, of Parent (“ Parent Common Stock
”) at the Exchange Ratio (plus cash in lieu of fractional
shares pursuant to Section 2.4) (the “ Merger
Consideration ”). The “ Exchange Ratio
” shall equal 0.55.
(b) Each
share of Company Common Stock (i) held in the treasury of the
Company, or (ii) owned by Parent or Merger Sub, in each case
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled and
retired and no shares of stock or other securities of Parent, the
Surviving Corporation or any other corporation shall be issuable,
and no payment of other consideration shall be made, with respect
thereto.
2.2. Exchange of Shares Other than
Dissenting Shares and Treasury Shares.
(a) Exchange
Agent . As of the Effective Time, Parent shall enter into an
agreement with a bank or trust company reasonably satisfactory to
the Company to act as exchange agent for the Merger (the “
Exchange Agent ”).
(b) Parent to
Provide Common Stock . At the Effective Time, Parent shall
deposit with the Exchange Agent, for the benefit of the holders of
Company Common Stock, certificates of Parent Common Stock (“
Parent Certificates ”) representing the number of
whole shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to
Section 2.1(a) in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. From time to
time, Parent shall make available to the Exchange Agent sufficient
cash to make all cash payments in lieu of fractional shares
pursuant to Section 2.4.
(c) Exchange
Procedures . The Exchange Agent shall mail to each holder of
record of certificates of Company Common Stock (“ Company
Certificates ”), whose shares were converted into the
right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of
fractional shares pursuant to Section 2.4) promptly after the
Effective Time: (i) a letter of transmittal in form and
substance satisfactory to the Company, such approval not to be
unreasonably withheld (which shall specify that delivery shall be
effected, and risk of loss and title to the Company Certificates
shall pass, only upon receipt of the Company Certificates by the
Exchange Agent, and shall be in such form and have such other
provisions as Parent may reasonably specify); and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Company Certificates in exchange for the applicable Merger
Consideration. Upon surrender of a Company Certificate for
cancellation to the Exchange Agent or to such other agent or agents
as may be appointed by Parent, together with such letter of
transmittal, duly completed and validly executed, and such other
documents as may be reasonably required by the Exchange Agent, the
holder of such Company Certificate shall be entitled to receive in
exchange therefor a Parent Certificate representing the number of
whole shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right
to receive pursuant to this Article II (together with payment
of cash in lieu of fractional shares which such holder has the
right to receive pursuant to Section 2.4) and the Company
Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. Until so
surrendered, each outstanding Company Certificate that, prior to
the Effective Time, represented shares of Company Common Stock will
be deemed from and after the Effective Time, for all purposes other
than the payment of dividends and distributions, to evidence the
ownership of the number of full shares of Parent Common Stock into
which such shares of Company Common Stock, as the case may
be, shall have been so converted (together with payment of cash in
lieu of fractional shares which such holder has the right to
receive pursuant to Section 2.4). Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Agreement, no interest will be paid or will
accrue on any cash payable to holders of Company Certificates
pursuant to the provisions of this Article II.
(d)
Distributions With Respect to Unexchanged Shares . No
dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common
Stock with a record date after the Effective Time will be paid to
the holder of any unsurrendered Company Certificate with respect to
the shares of Parent Common Stock represented thereby until
such holder surrenders such Company Certificate. Subject to the
effect of applicable escheat or similar Laws, following the
surrender of any such Company Certificate, there shall be paid to
the record holder of the Parent Certificates issued in exchange
therefor, without interest, (i) at the time of such surrender,
the amount of any such dividends or other distributions with a
record date after the Effective Time theretofore payable (but for
the provisions of this Section 2.2(d)) with respect to such
shares of Parent Common Stock and (ii) at the appropriate
payment date the amount of dividends or other distributions with a
record date after the Effective Time but prior to such surrender
and with a payment date subsequent to such surrender payable with
respect to such whole Parent Common Stock.
(e) Transfer
of Ownership . If any Parent Certificate is to be issued in a
name, or cash in lieu of fractional shares paid to a person, other
than that in which the Company Certificate surrendered in exchange
therefor is registered, it will be a condition of the issuance
and/or payment thereof that the Company Certificate so surrendered
will be properly endorsed and otherwise in proper form for transfer
and that the person requesting such exchange will have paid to
Parent or any agent designated by it any transfer or other Taxes
required by reason of the issuance of a Parent Certificate for
shares of Parent Common Stock in any name other than that of the
registered holder of the Company Certificate surrendered, or
established to the satisfaction of Parent or any agent designated
by it that such Tax has been paid or is not payable.
(f)
Termination of Exchange Agent Funding . Any portion of funds
(including any interest earned thereon) or Parent Certificates held
by the Exchange Agent which have not been delivered to holders of
Company Certificates pursuant to this Article II within one
year after the Effective Time shall promptly be paid or delivered,
as appropriate, to Parent, and thereafter holders of Company
Certificates who have not theretofore complied with the exchange
procedures set forth in and contemplated by this Section 2.2
shall thereafter look only to Parent (subject to abandoned
property, escheat and similar Laws) only as general creditors
thereof for their claim for shares of Parent Common Stock, any cash
in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock and any
dividends or distributions (with a record date after the Effective
Time) with respect to Parent Common Stock to which they are
entitled.
(g) No
Liability . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Section 2.2, none of the Exchange Agent, the Surviving Corporation
or any party hereto shall be liable to any person in respect of any
shares of Parent Common Stock or cash delivered to a public
official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or
similar Law.
2.3. Stock Transfer Books . As
of the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company
shall each be closed, and there shall be no further registration of
transfers of shares of Company Common Stock thereafter on the
records of any such stock transfer books. In the event of a
transfer of ownership of shares of Company Common Stock that is not
registered in the stock transfer records of the Company at the
Effective Time, a certificate or certificates representing the
number of full shares of Parent Common Stock into which such shares
of Company Common Stock, as the case may be, shall have been
converted, if any, shall be issued to the transferee together with
a cash payment in lieu of fractional shares, if any, in accordance
with Section 2.4 hereof, and a cash payment in the amount of
dividends, if any, in accordance with Section 2.2(d) hereof,
if the certificate or certificates representing such shares of
Company Common Stock, as the case may be, is or are surrendered as
provided in Section 2.2(c) hereof, accompanied by all
documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and by
evidence of payment of any applicable stock transfer tax.
2.4. No Fractional Share
Certificates . No scrip or fractional share Parent Certificate
shall be issued upon the surrender for exchange of Company
Certificates, and an outstanding fractional share interest shall
not entitle the owner thereof to vote, to receive dividends or to
any rights of a stockholder of Parent or of the Surviving
Corporation with respect to such fractional share interest. As
promptly as practicable following the Effective Time, Parent shall
deposit with the Exchange Agent an amount in cash sufficient for
the Exchange Agent to pay each holder of Company Common Stock an
amount in cash, rounded to the nearest whole cent, equal to the
product obtained by multiplying (i) the fractional share
interest to which such holder would otherwise be entitled (after
taking into account all shares of Company Common Stock held at the
Effective Time by such holder) by (ii) the Final Average
Closing Price. As soon as practicable after the determination of
the amount of cash, if any, to be paid to holders of Company Common
Stock with respect to any fractional share interests, the Exchange
Agent shall make available such amounts, net of any required
withholding taxes, to such holders of Company Common Stock, subject
to and in accordance with the terms of Section 2.2 hereof.
2.5. Company Options and
Warrants .
(a) At the
Effective Time, each outstanding Company Option, whether vested or
unvested, shall be assumed by the Parent upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in this Agreement. Each Company Option
so assumed by Parent under this Agreement shall continue to have,
and be subject to, the same terms and conditions (including the
terms and conditions set forth in the Company Stock Plan under
which it was granted and the applicable stock option agreement) as
are in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that
(i) such Company Option shall be issued under Parent’s
2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “ Parent 2004 Plan
”); (ii) such Company Option shall be exercisable for
that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock equal to
the product (rounded to the nearest whole number of shares of
Parent Common Stock) of the number of shares of Company Common
Stock subject to such option immediately prior to the Effective
Time and the Exchange Ratio, (iii) the per share exercise
price for the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise
of such Company Option shall be equal to the quotient (rounded to
the nearest whole cent) obtained by dividing the exercise price per
share of Company Common Stock at which such option was exercisable
immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio and
(iv) the terms and conditions of such Company Option shall be
subject to any changes thereto in connection with or resulting from
consummation of the Merger described in Section 2.5(b) of the
Company Disclosure Letter.
(b) At the
Effective Time, the Company Warrants shall be assumed by Parent
upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement. Each Company Warrant so assumed by Parent under this
Agreement shall continue to have, and be subject to, the same terms
and conditions as are in effect immediately prior to the Effective
Time, except that (i) such Company Warrant shall be
exercisable for that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock
equal to the product (rounded to the nearest whole number of shares
of Parent Common Stock) of the number of shares of Company Common
Stock subject to such warrant immediately prior to the Effective
Time and the Exchange Ratio, and (ii) the per share exercise
price for the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise
of such Company Warrant shall be equal to the quotient (rounded to
the nearest whole cent) obtained by dividing the exercise price per
share of Company Common Stock at which such warrant was exercisable
immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio. To
the extent that any warrants set forth in Section 4.3(b)(i) of
the Company Disclosure Letter (the “Other Warrants”)
are reinstated either before or after the Effective Time, the Other
Warrants, if they are then still exercisable, shall be subject to
the provisions of this Section 2.5(b).
(c) Parent
shall file with the SEC, no later than 15 days after the
Effective Time, a registration statement on Form S-8, if available
for use by Parent, relating to the exercise of the Company Options
assumed by Parent in accordance with Section 2.5(a) and the
shares of Parent Common Stock issuable thereunder in connection
with the Parent 2004 Plan.
(d) Parent
and the Company shall take all action that may be necessary (under
the Parent 2004 Plan, the Company Stock Plan, the terms of the
Company Warrants and otherwise) to effectuate the provisions of
Sections 2.5(a) and (b).
2.6. Certain Adjustments . If
between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the
outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock or Company Common Stock
shall be changed into a different number of shares by reason of any
reclassification, recapitalization, split-up, combination or
exchange of shares, or any dividend payable in stock or other
securities shall be declared thereon with a record date within such
period, then the Exchange Ratio established pursuant to the
provisions of Section 2.1 shall be adjusted accordingly to
provide to the Parent and the Company the same economic effect as
contemplated by this Agreement prior to such reclassification,
recapitalization, split-up, combination, exchange or dividend.
2.7. Dissenting Shares .
Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary,
shares of Company Common Stock that are outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time and that are held by shareholders who
shall have not voted in favor of the Merger and who shall have
demanded properly in writing appraisal for such Company Common
Stock in accordance with Section 1302 et. seq. of the Florida
Business Corporation Act (collectively, the “ Dissenting
Shares ”) shall not be converted into, or represent the
right to receive, the Merger Consideration payable for each such
share of Company Common Stock. Such stockholders shall be entitled
to receive payment of the appraised value of such Company Common
Stock held by them in accordance with the provisions of such
Section 1302, except that all Dissenting Shares held by
stockholders who shall have failed to perfect or who effectively
shall have withdrawn or lost their rights to appraisal of such
Company Common Stock under such Section 1302 shall thereupon
be deemed to have been converted into, and to have become
exchangeable for, as of the Effective Time, the right to receive
the Merger Consideration payable for each such share of Company
Common Stock, upon surrender, in the manner provided in
Section 2.3, of the certificate or certificates that formerly
evidenced such Company Common Stock.
2.8. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates . In the event any Company Certificates shall have
been lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall issue in
exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Certificates,
upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof,
such shares of Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of fractional
shares) as may be required pursuant to Section 2.1,
provided, however , that Parent may, in its discretion and
as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner
of such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Certificates to indemnify
Parent against any claim that may be made against Parent, the
Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent with respect to the
Company Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or
destroyed.
2.9. Required Deduction or
Withholding . Each of the Exchange Agent, the Surviving
Corporation and Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold
from the consideration otherwise payable to any holder of Company
Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as may be
required to be deducted or withheld with respect to the making of
such payment or any other payment in connection with the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement under the Code or any
applicable provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the
extent that amounts are so deducted or withheld and paid over to
the appropriate taxing authority by the Exchange Agent, the
Surviving Corporation or Parent, such amounts shall be treated for
all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the person to
whom such amounts would otherwise have been paid.
2.10. Taking of Necessary Action;
Further Action . If, at any time after the Effective Time, any
further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes
of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Corporation with full
right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights,
privileges, powers and franchises of Company, the officers and
directors of Company are fully authorized in the name of their
corporation or otherwise to take, and will use commercially
reasonable efforts to take, all such lawful and necessary action,
so long as such action is not inconsistent with this Agreement.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
Parent and Merger Sub hereby
represent and warrant to the Company as follows, except as set
forth in the Parent SEC Filings, or in the written disclosure
letter delivered by Parent to the Company on the date hereof (the
“ Parent Disclosure Letter ”). The Parent
Disclosure Letter shall be arranged in sections and subsections
corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections and subsections
contained in this Article III. The disclosures in any section
or subsection of the Parent Disclosure Letter shall qualify other
sections and subsections in this Article III to the extent it
is reasonably clear from a reading of the disclosure that such
disclosure is applicable to such other sections and subsections.
The inclusion of any information in the Parent Disclosure Letter
(or any update thereto) shall not be deemed to be an admission or
acknowledgment, in and of itself, that such information is required
by the terms hereof to be disclosed, is material, has resulted in
or would result in a Material Adverse Effect, or is outside the
ordinary course of business.
3.1. Organization and
Qualification; Subsidiaries . Each of Parent and Merger Sub is
a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each of Parent and Merger
Sub (a) has all requisite corporate power and authority to
own, lease and operate its property and to carry on its business as
now being conducted, and (b) is duly qualified to do business
and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction
in which the failure to be so qualified would have a Material
Adverse Effect. Merger Sub has delivered or made available to the
Company a true and correct copy of its Certificate of Incorporation
and By-laws, each as amended to date. Section 3.1 of the
Parent Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all
of the Subsidiaries of Parent. Except for Parent’s Equity
Interest in Merger Sub, none of Parent or Merger Sub holds an
Equity Interest in any other person.
3.2. Certificate of Incorporation
and By-laws; Corporate Books and Records. The copies of
Parent’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
and Amended and Restated By-laws that are listed as exhibits to
Parent’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on
March 3, 2004 and the amendments thereto are complete and
correct copies thereof as in effect on the date hereof. Parent is
not in violation of any of the provisions of Parent Certificate or
Parent By-laws. The minute books of Parent made available to
counsel for the Company are the only minute books of Parent and
contain accurate summaries, in all material respects, of all
meetings of directors (or committees thereof) and stockholders or
actions by written consent from January 1, 2002 through
March 7, 2007.
3.3. Capitalization
(a) The
authorized capital stock of Parent consists of 75,000,000 shares of
Parent Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par
value $0.001 per share (the “ Parent Preferred Stock
”). As of April 6, 2007, (A) 30,598,098 shares of
Parent Common Stock were issued and outstanding, all of which were
validly issued and fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive
rights (which amount excludes 1,431,726 shares of restricted stock
subject to Parent’s right of repurchase issued pursuant to
the Parent Stock Plans), (B) no shares of Parent Preferred
Stock were issued and outstanding and (C) no shares were
held in treasury. All capital stock or other equity securities of
Parent have been issued in compliance with applicable federal and
state securities laws.
(b) As of
April 6, 2007, except for warrants to purchase no more than
2,608,035 shares of Parent Common Stock (“ Parent
Warrants ”) and options to purchase no more than
1,687,022 shares of Parent Common Stock (“ Parent
Options ”), there were no options, warrants or other
rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character to
which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which Parent or Merger
Sub is bound relating to the issued or unissued capital stock or
other Equity Interests of Parent or Merger Sub, or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for such capital stock or other
Equity Interests, or obligating Parent or Merger Sub to issue or
sell any shares of its capital stock or other Equity Interests, or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for such capital stock
of, or other Equity Interests in, Parent or Merger Sub. Parent has
provided the Company with a true and complete list, as of the date
hereof, of (A) all Parent Warrants outstanding, the prices at
which such outstanding Parent Warrants may be exercised and the
number of Parent Warrants outstanding at each such price and
(B) all Parent Options outstanding under the Parent Stock
Plans, the prices at which such outstanding Parent Options may be
exercised, the number of Parent Options outstanding at each such
price and the vesting schedule of Parent Options. All shares of
Parent Common Stock subject to issuance under Parent Warrants and
Parent Stock Plans, upon issuance on the terms and conditions
specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are issuable,
will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable
and free of preemptive rights.
(c) As of
the date hereof, there are no outstanding contractual obligations
of Parent or Merger Sub (A) restricting the transfer of,
(B) affecting the voting rights of, (C) requiring the
repurchase, redemption or disposition of, or containing any right
of first refusal with respect to, (D) requiring the
registration for sale of, or (E) granting any preemptive or
antidilutive right with respect to, any shares of Parent Common
Stock or any capital stock of, or other Equity Interests in, Parent
or Merger Sub. Each outstanding share of capital stock of Merger
Sub is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable
and free of preemptive rights and is owned, beneficially and of
record, by Parent, free and clear of all security interests, liens,
claims, pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements,
limitations on Parent’s voting rights, charges and other
encumbrances of any nature whatsoever. There are no outstanding
contractual obligations of Parent or Merger Sub to provide funds
to, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital
contribution or otherwise) in, any other person.
(d) Parent
does not have outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes, or other
obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or
convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to
vote) with the stockholders of Parent on any matter. Parent has not
adopted a stockholder rights plan or any similar plan or agreement
that limits or impairs the ability to purchase, or become the
direct or indirect beneficial owner of any Equity Interest in
Parent.
(e) None of
the Merger or other transactions contemplated hereby will result in
an acceleration of vesting, or modification of vesting terms, with
respect to any Parent Options.
3.4. Authority. Each of Parent
and Merger Sub has all necessary corporate power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations
hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent
and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the
transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly
authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate
proceedings on the part of Parent and Merger Sub and no stockholder
votes are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby other than as provided in
Section 3.18 and for the filing and recordation of the
Articles of Merger in the State of Florida and the filing and
recordation of the Certificate of Merger in the State of Delaware.
This Agreement has been duly authorized and validly executed and
delivered by each of Parent and Merger Sub and constitutes a legal,
valid and binding obligation of each of Parent and Merger Sub,
enforceable against each of Parent and Merger Sub in accordance
with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles.
3.5. No Conflict; Required Filings
and Consents.
(a) The
execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub
does not, and the performance of this Agreement by Parent and
Merger Sub will not, (A) conflict with or violate any
provision of Parent Certificate or Parent By-laws or Merger
Sub’s Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, (B) (assuming
that all consents, approvals, authorizations and permits described
in Section 3.5(b) have been obtained and all filings and
notifications described in Section 3.5(b) have been made and
any waiting periods thereunder have terminated or expired) conflict
with or violate any Law applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or by
which any property or asset of Parent or Merger Sub is bound or
affected or (C) (assuming that all consents, approvals,
authorizations and permits described in Section 3.5(b) have been
obtained and all filings and notifications described in
Section 3.5(b) have been made and any waiting periods
thereunder have terminated or expired) require any consent or
approval under, result in any breach of or any loss of any benefit
under, constitute a change of control or default (or an event which
with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under
or give to others any right of termination, vesting, amendment,
acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a
lien or other Encumbrance on any property or asset of Parent
pursuant to, any Contract or other instrument or obligation to
which it is a party or by which Parent or Merger Sub is affected,
except, with respect to clauses (B) and (C), for any such
conflicts, violations, consents, approvals, breaches, losses,
defaults or other occurrences that would not, individually or in
the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) The
execution and delivery of this Agreement by each of Parent and
Merger Sub does not, and the performance of this Agreement by each
of Parent and Merger Sub will not, require any consent, approval,
authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any
Governmental Entity or any other person, except (A) the
consents and approvals set forth in Section 3.5(b) of the
Parent Disclosure Letter, (B) under the Exchange Act, the
Securities Act, applicable Blue Sky Law, the HSR Act and the rules
and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc., (C) the
filing and recordation of the Articles of Merger as required by the
FBCA and the filing and recordation of the Certificate of Merger as
required by the DGCL and (D) where failure to obtain such
consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such
filings or notifications, would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.6. Permits; Compliance With
Law. Parent is in possession of all authorizations, licenses,
permits, certificates, approvals and clearances of any Governmental
Entity (collectively, “ Parent Permits ”),
including all Parent Permits under the Federal Food, Drug and
Cosmetic Act of 1938, as amended (the “ FDCA ”)
and the regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(“ FDA ”) promulgated thereunder and the
regulations of the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (“
EMEA ”), necessary for it to own, lease or operate its
properties and other assets and to carry on its business and
operations as presently conducted and all such Parent Permits are
valid, and in full force and effect, except where the failure to
have or the suspension or cancellation of, or failure to be valid
or in full force and effect of, any of Parent Permits would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
No action, proceeding, revocation proceeding, amendment procedure,
writ, injunction or claim is pending or, to the knowledge of
Parent, threatened, which seeks to revoke or limit any Parent
Permit. Neither Parent nor Merger Sub is in conflict with, or in
default or violation of, any Law applicable to Parent or Merger Sub
or by which any property or asset of Parent or Merger Sub is bound
or affected, except for such conflicts, defaults or violations that
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect. No investigation, review or other Legal Proceeding
by any Governmental Entity is pending or, to the knowledge of
Parent, threatened against Parent or Merger Sub, nor has any
Governmental Entity indicated to Parent or Merger Sub an intention
to conduct the same that would, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.7. SEC Filings; Financial
Statements.
(a) Parent
has filed or furnished all forms, reports, proxy statements,
schedules and documents required to be filed or furnished by it
under the Exchange Act since June 4, 2004 (collectively, the
“ Parent SEC Filings ”). Each Parent SEC Filing
(including, without limitation, any financial statements or
schedules included or incorporated by reference therein)
(A) as of the time it was filed, complied in all material
respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and
(B) did not, at the time it was filed, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. The appropriate officers of
Parent have made the certifications required by Sections 302
and 906 of, and Parent has complied in all material respects with,
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations of the
SEC promulgated thereunder (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act
”) as applicable to it.
(b) Each of
the financial statements (including, in each case, any notes
thereto) contained in Parent SEC Filings was prepared in accordance
with GAAP applied (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto
and, in the case of unaudited quarterly financial statements, as
permitted by Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated by
the SEC and the instructions to Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act)
on a consistent basis throughout the periods indicated (except as
may be indicated in the notes thereto), and each presented fairly
in all material respects the financial position, results of
operations and cash flows of Parent as of the respective dates
thereof and for the respective periods indicated therein (subject,
in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end adjustments
that would not be material in amount). The books and records of
Parent and Merger Sub have been maintained in accordance with
applicable material legal and accounting requirements.
(c) Except
as set forth in Section 3.7(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter
and as and to the extent set forth on the balance sheet of Parent
as of December 31, 2006 included in Parent Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2006 filed on March 16, 2007,
including the notes thereto, Parent has no liabilities or
obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or
otherwise) that would be required to be reflected on a balance
sheet or in notes thereto prepared in accordance with GAAP, except
for normal year-end adjustments and liabilities or obligations
incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practices since December 31, 2006.
(d) Parent
maintains adequate disclosure controls and procedures designed to
provide reasonable assurance that material information required to
be disclosed in the reports that Parent files or submit pursuant to
the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and
forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to
Parent’s management, including its chief executive officer
and chief financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Except as set forth in Section 3.7(d) of
the Parent Disclosure Letter, there are no (i) significant
deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably
likely to adversely affect in any material respect Parent’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information or (ii) fraud, or allegation of fraud, whether or
not material, that involves management or other employees who have
a significant role in Parent’s internal control over
financial reporting.
(e) Parent
maintains a system of internal accounting controls designed to
provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are
executed in accordance with management’s general or specific
authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP
and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets
is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or
specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability
for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
differences. Except as disclosed in Section 3.7(d) of the
Parent Disclosure Letter, as of December 31, 2006, Parent is
not aware of any material deficiencies with respect to its internal
control over financial reporting.
3.8. Brokers. No broker,
finder or investment banker (other than Lazard Frères &
Co. LLC) is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee
or commission in connection with the Merger based upon arrangements
made by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub.
3.9. Absence of Certain Changes or
Events. Since December 31, 2006, except as specifically
contemplated by, or as disclosed in, this Agreement, the Parent SEC
Filings or Section 3.9 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent
and Merger Sub have conducted their operations only in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice and:
(a) there
has not been any Material Adverse Effect or an event or development
that would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect;
(b) there
has not been any material loss, damage or destruction to, or any
material interruption in the use of, any of the assets or business
of Parent (whether or not covered by insurance);
(c) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has: (i) declared, accrued, set aside or
paid any dividend or made any other distribution in respect of any
shares of capital stock; or (ii) repurchased, redeemed or otherwise
reacquired any Equity Interests or other securities;
(d) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has sold, issued or granted, or authorized
the issuance of: (i) any capital stock or other security
(except for Parent Common Stock issued upon the valid exercise of
outstanding Parent Options); (ii) any option, warrant or right
to acquire any capital stock or any other security (except for
Parent Options identified in Section 3.9(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter); (iii) any instrument convertible into or
exchangeable for any capital stock or other security or
(iv) any Equity Interest;
(e) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has amended or waived any of its rights under
or approved the acceleration of vesting under any provision of:
(i) any Parent Stock Plan; (ii) any Parent Option or any
Contract evidencing or relating to any Parent Option;
(iii) any restricted stock purchase agreement; or
(iv) any other Contract evidencing or relating to any equity
award (whether payable in cash or stock);
(f) there
has been no amendment to the Parent Certificate or Parent By-laws,
and Parent has not effected or been a party to any merger,
consolidation, share exchange, business combination,
recapitalization, reclassification of shares, reorganization, stock
split, reverse stock split, plan of complete or partial
liquidation, dissolution, restructuring or similar transaction;
(g) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has formed any Subsidiary other than Merger
Sub or acquired any Equity Interest or other interest in any other
person;
(h) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has: (i) lent money to any person;
(ii) incurred, assumed or guaranteed any indebtedness for
borrowed money; (iii) issued or sold any debt securities or
options, warrants, calls or other rights to acquire any debt
securities; (iv) assumed or guaranteed any indebtedness or other
obligations of any other person; or (v) made any capital
expenditure or commitment in excess of $100,000;
(i) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has: (i) adopted, established or entered
into any Parent Benefit Plan; (ii) caused or permitted any
Parent Benefit Plan to be amended other than as required by Law; or
(iii) paid any bonus or made any profit-sharing or similar
payment to, or increased the amount of the wages, salary,
commissions, fringe benefits or other compensation or remuneration
payable to, any of its directors or employees;
(j) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has changed any of its methods of accounting
or accounting practices in any material respect;
(k) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has made any material Tax election, filed any
material amendment to any Tax Return, entered into any tax
allocation agreement, tax sharing agreement, tax indemnity
agreement or closing agreement relating to any material Tax,
surrendered any right to claim a material Tax refund, or consented
to any extension or waiver of the statute of limitations period
applicable to any material Tax claim or assessment;
(l) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has commenced or settled any Legal
Proceeding;
(m) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has entered into any material transaction
outside the ordinary course of business;
(n) Neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has sold, leased or otherwise irrevocably
disposed of any of its assets or properties, nor has any security
interest or other Encumbrance been created in such assets or
properties, except in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practices;
(o) there
has been no amendment or early termination of any Parent Material
Contract;
(p) there
has been no (i) material change in pricing or royalties set or
charged by Parent to its customers or licensees,
(ii) agreement by Parent to change pricing or royalties set or
charged by persons who have licensed Intellectual Property to
Parent, or (iii) as of the date of this Agreement, material
change in pricing or royalties set or charged by persons who have
licensed Intellectual Property to Parent; and
(q) neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has negotiated, agreed or committed to take
any of the actions referred to in clauses (c) through
(p) above (other than negotiations between the parties to
enter into this Agreement).
3.10. Labor and Other Employment
Matters . Parent has identified in Section 3.10 of the
Parent Disclosure Letter and has made available to the Company true
and complete copies of (A) all severance and employment
agreements and other compensation arrangements with directors,
officers or employees of or consultants to Parent, (B) all
severance programs and policies of Parent with or relating to its
employees, and (C) all plans, programs, agreements and other
arrangements of Parent with or relating to its directors, officers,
employees or consultants which contain change in control
provisions.
3.11. Tax Treatment. None of
Parent, Merger Sub or, to the knowledge of Parent, any of
Parent’s affiliates has taken, has agreed to take, or will
take any action that would prevent the Merger from qualifying as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
Parent is not aware of any agreement, plan or other circumstance
that would prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
3.12. Contracts . Except as
set forth in the Parent SEC Filings or in Section 3.12 of the
Parent Disclosure Letter, neither Parent nor Merger Sub is a party
to any agreement, contract or commitment (i) that is a
“material contract” as defined in
Section 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the
SEC, (ii) that involves payment or receipt by Parent under any
such agreement, contract or commitment of $100,000 or more in the
aggregate or obligations after the date of this Agreement in excess
of $100,000 in the aggregate, (iii) that is material to the
business or operations of Parent or (iv) the termination of
which would have a Material Adverse Effect. As of the date hereof,
each Contract of the type described in this Section 3.12,
whether or not set forth in Section 3.12 of Parent Disclosure
Letter, is referred to herein as a “ Parent Material
Contract .” Each Parent Material Contract is valid and
binding on Parent or Merger Sub, as the case may be and, to
Parent’s knowledge, each other party thereto, and in full
force and effect, and each of Parent and Merger Sub, as applicable,
has in all respects performed all obligations required to be
performed by it prior to the date hereof under each Parent Material
Contract and, to Parent’s knowledge, each other party to each
Parent Material Contract has in all respects performed all
obligations required to be performed by it under such Parent
Material Contract, except as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. As of the date hereof,
Parent has not received any written notice or other indication of
the intent of the other party to amend, terminate or breach its
obligations under any Parent Material Contract or any written
notice of any violation or default under (or any condition which
with the passage of time or the giving of notice would cause such a
violation of or default under) any Parent Material Contract.
3.13. Litigation. Except as
set forth in Section 3.13 of the Parent Disclosure Letter and
as and to the extent disclosed in the Parent SEC Filings filed
prior to the date of this Agreement or as would not, individually
or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect, (a) there
is no suit, claim, action, investigation or other Legal Proceeding
pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened in writing
against Parent or Merger Sub for which Parent or Merger Sub is as
of the date hereof obligated to indemnify a third party and
(b) neither Parent nor Merger Sub is subject to any
outstanding and unsatisfied order, writ, injunction, decree or
arbitration ruling, award or other finding. There is no suit,
claim, action, investigation or other Legal Proceeding pending or,
to the knowledge of Parent, threatened in writing against Parent or
Merger Sub that, as of the date hereof, challenges the validity or
propriety, or seeks to prevent consummation of, the Merger or any
other transaction contemplated by this Agreement in connection
therewith.
3.14. Intellectual
Property.
(a) Parent
or Merger Sub owns, or is licensed under, all Parent Intellectual
Property Rights, except for any failure to own or have license
rights under that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Section 3.14(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter is an
accurate, true and complete listing of all Parent Registered
Intellectual Property owned by Parent as of the date hereof.
(c) Section 3.14(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter
accurately identifies, as of the date hereof, (i) all Parent
Registered Intellectual Property exclusively licensed to Parent
(other than any non-customized software that (A) is so
licensed solely in executable or object code form pursuant to a
non-exclusive, internal use software license and (B) is not
incorporated into, or used directly in the development or
manufacturing of, any of Parent’s product candidates) and
(ii) the corresponding Contracts pursuant to which such Parent
Registered Intellectual Property is licensed to Parent.
(d) Section 3.14(d) of the Parent Disclosure Letter
accurately identifies, as of the date hereof, each Contract
pursuant to which any person has been granted any commercial,
non-academic, license under, or otherwise has received or acquired
any commercial, non-academic right (whether or not currently
exercisable) or interest in, any Parent Intellectual Property
Rights.
(e) Parent
exclusively owns all right, title, and interest to and in Parent
Intellectual Property Rights (other than Parent Intellectual
Property Rights licensed to Parent, as identified in
Section 3.14(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter) free and
clear of any Encumbrances (other than licenses granted pursuant to
the Contracts listed in Section 3.14(d) of the Parent Disclosure
Letter). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, as of
the date hereof:
(i) To the
knowledge of Parent, all documents and instruments necessary to
register or apply for or renew registration of Parent Registered
Intellectual Property have been validly executed, delivered, and
filed in a timely manner with the appropriate Governmental
Entity.
(ii) Each
person who is or was an employee of Parent and who is or was
involved in the creation or development of any Parent Intellectual
Property Rights has signed a valid, enforceable agreement
containing an obligation to assign Intellectual Property to Parent
and confidentiality provisions protecting trade secrets and
confidential information of Parent. No current or former
stockholder, officer, director, or employee of Parent has any
claim, right (whether or not currently exercisable), or interest to
or in any Parent Intellectual Property Rights. To the knowledge of
Parent, no employee of Parent is (a) bound by or otherwise
subject to any Contract restricting him or her from performing his
or her duties for Parent or (b) in breach of any Contract with
any former employer or other person concerning Parent Intellectual
Property Rights or confidentiality provisions protecting trade
secrets and confidential information in Parent Intellectual
Property Rights.
(iii) Parent has taken reasonable steps to maintain the
confidentiality of and otherwise protect and enforce its rights in
all proprietary information that Parent holds, or purports to hold,
as a trade secret.
(iv) Parent
has not assigned or otherwise transferred ownership of, or agreed
to assign or otherwise transfer ownership of, any Parent
Intellectual Property Rights to any other person.
(v) Parent
is not now nor has it ever been a member or promoter of, or a
contributor to, any industry standards body or similar organization
that could require or obligate Parent to grant or offer to any
other person any license or right to any Parent Intellectual
Property Rights.
(f) Parent
has delivered, or made available to the Company, a complete and
accurate copy of all Parent Intellectual Property Rights
Agreements. The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby will not constitute a breach of any Parent Intellectual
Property Rights Agreement, will not cause the forfeiture or
termination of or Encumbrance upon, or give rise to a right of
forfeiture or termination of or Encumbrance upon, any Parent
Intellectual Property Rights or impair the right of Parent to use,
sell or license any Parent Intellectual Property Rights or portion
thereof, except for the occurrence of any such breach, forfeiture,
termination or impairment that would not individually or in the
aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect. With respect to
each of the Parent Intellectual Property Rights Agreements, as of
the date hereof: (i) each such agreement is valid and binding
on Parent and in full force and effect; (ii) Parent has not
received any notice of termination or cancellation under such
agreement, or received any notice of breach or default under such
agreement, which breach has not been cured or waived; and
(iii) Parent, and to the knowledge of Parent, any other party
to such agreement, is not in breach or default thereof in any
material respect.
(g) To the
knowledge of Parent, as of the date hereof, no third party is
violating any license or agreement with Parent relating to any
Parent Intellectual Property Rights.
(h) Except
as set forth in Section 3.14(h) of the Parent Disclosure
Letter, as of the date hereof, there is no current, pending or, to
the knowledge of Parent, threatened challenge, claim or Legal
Proceeding (including, but not limited to, opposition, interference
or other proceeding in any patent or other government office)
contesting the validity, ownership or right to use, sell, license
or dispose of any Parent Intellectual Property Rights, nor has
Parent or Merger Sub received any written notice asserting that any
Parent Intellectual Property Rights or the proposed use, sale,
license or disposition thereof conflicts with or infringes or
misappropriates or will conflict with or infringe or misappropriate
the rights of any other party.
(i) Each
item of Parent Intellectual Property Rights that is Parent
Registered Intellectual Property is and at all times has been filed
and maintained in compliance with all applicable Laws and all
filings, payments, and other actions required to be made or taken
to maintain such item of Parent Registered Intellectual Property in
full force and effect have been made by the applicable deadline or
permitted deadline extension, except as would not, individually or
in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as may be
set forth in the Contracts listed in Section 3.14(c) or
3.14(d) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent has the right to
apply for patent term extension, patent term adjustment, or
supplemental protection certificate in all jurisdictions as to all
patents included in the Parent Registered Intellectual
Property.
(j) Except
as may be set forth in the Contracts listed in Section 3.14(c)
or 3.14(d) of the Parent Disclosure Letter: (i) neither Parent
nor Merger Sub is bound by any Contract to indemnify, defend, hold
harmless, or reimburse any other person with respect to any
Intellectual Property infringement, misappropriation, or similar
claim and (ii) neither Parent nor Merger Sub has ever assumed,
or agreed to discharge or otherwise take responsibility for, any
existing or potential liability of another person for infringement,
misappropriation, or violation of any Intellectual Property
right.
3.15. Regulatory
Compliance
(a) None of
Parent or Merger Sub or, to the knowledge of Parent, any of their
licensees or assigns of Parent Intellectual Property Rights has
received any written notice that the FDA, EMEA or any other similar
Governmental Entity has initiated, or threatened to initiate, any
action to suspend any clinical trial, suspend or terminate any
Investigational New Drug Application (or foreign counterpart
thereto) sponsored by Parent or otherwise restrict the preclinical
research on or clinical study of any Parent product or any
biological or drug product being developed by any licensee or
assignee of Parent Intellectual Property Rights based on such
Intellectual Property, or to recall, suspend or otherwise restrict
the manufacture of any Parent product.
(b) There
are no proceedings pending with respect to a violation by Parent of
the FDCA, FDA regulations adopted thereunder or any other similar
legislation or regulation promulgated by the EMEA or any other
Governmental Entity.
3.16. Taxes. Each of Parent
and Merger Sub has duly and timely filed with the appropriate Tax
authorities or other Governmental Entities all Tax Returns required
to be filed, except where failure to so file would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
All such Tax Returns are complete and accurate in all respects,
except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. All Taxes shown as due on such Tax Returns
have been timely paid.
3.17. Opinion of Financial
Advisor. Lazard Frères & Co. LLC has delivered to
the Parent Board its opinion to the effect that, as of the date of
such opinion, the Exchange Ratio is fair, from a financial point of
view, to Parent.
3.18. Vote Required. The
affirmative vote of (a) the holders of a majority of the
shares of Parent Common Stock voting at the Parent Stockholders
Meeting in favor of (i) the approval of the issuance of the
shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Merger (the “
Parent Stock Issuance ”) and (ii) the approval of
an increase by no more than 2,800,000 in the number of shares of
Parent Common Stock available for issuance pursuant to awards under
the Parent 2004 Plan (the “ Parent Plan Increase
”) are the only votes of the holders of any class or series
of capital stock or other Equity Interests of Parent necessary to
approve each of the Parent Stock Issuance and the Parent Plan
Increase (collectively, the “ Parent Stockholder
Approval ”).
3.19. Ownership of Merger Sub; No
Prior Activities. Merger Sub is a direct wholly-owned
Subsidiary of Parent. Merger Sub has not conducted any activities
other than in connection with the organization of Merger Sub, the
negotiation and execution of this Agreement and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby. Merger Sub has no
Subsidiaries.
3.20. Transactions with
Affiliates. Except as set forth in the Parent SEC Filings filed
prior to the date of this Agreement, during the period commencing
on the date of the Parent’s last proxy statement filed with
the SEC through the date of this Agreement, no event has occurred
that would be required to be reported by the Parent pursuant to
Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.
3.21. Inapplicability of
Anti-takeover Statutes . The Parent Board has taken and will
take all actions necessary to ensure that the restrictions
applicable to business combinations contained in Section 203
of the Delaware General Corporation Law are, and will be,
inapplicable to the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and to the consummation of the Merger. No other state
takeover statute or similar legal requirement applies or purports
to apply to the Merger, this Agreement, the Parent Support
Agreement or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
3.22. Disclosure. None of the
information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of Parent
for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Registration
Statement or Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the
Registration Statement is filed with the SEC or at the time the
Registration Statement becomes effective under the Securities Act,
contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they are made, not misleading. None of the information
supplied by or on behalf of Parent for inclusion in the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus is mailed to the stockholders of Parent or at
the time of the Parent Stockholders Meeting (or any adjournment or
postponement thereof), contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not
misleading. No representation or warranty is made by Parent with
respect to statements made in the Registration Statement or the
Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus based upon information supplied by
any party other than Parent for inclusion in the Registration
Statement or the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
3.23. Foreign Corrupt Practices
Act And International Trade Sanctions . None of Parent, Merger
Sub or any of their directors, officers, agents, employees or any
other persons acting on its behalf has, in connection with the
operation of its business, (a) used any corporate or other
funds for unlawful contributions, payments, gifts or entertainment,
or made any unlawful expenditures relating to political activity,
to government officials, candidates or members of political parties
or organizations, or established or maintained any unlawful or
unrecorded funds in violation of Section 104 of the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any other similar
applicable foreign, Federal or state Law, (b) paid, accepted
or received or any unlawful contributions, payments, expenditures
or gifts or (c) violated or operated in noncompliance with any
export restrictions, anti-boycott regulations, embargo regulations
or other applicable domestic or foreign Laws, except, in the case
of clauses (a), (b) and (c), as would not, individually or in
the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company hereby represents and
warrants to Parent as follows, except as set forth in the written
disclosure letter delivered by the Company on the date hereof to
Parent (the “ Company Disclosure Letter ”). The
Company Disclosure Letter shall be arranged in sections and
subsections corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections and
subsections contained in this Article IV. The disclosures in
any section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter shall
qualify other sections and subsections in this Article IV to
the extent it is reasonably clear from a reading of the disclosure
that such disclosure is applicable to such other sections and
subsections. The inclusion of any information in the Company
Disclosure Letter (or any update thereto) shall not be deemed to be
an admission or acknowledgment, in and of itself, that such
information is required by the terms hereof to be disclosed, is
material, has resulted in or would result in a Material Adverse
Effect, or is outside the ordinary course of business.
4.1. Organization and
Qualification; Subsidiaries . The Company is duly incorporated,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State
of Florida. FermaVir Research, Inc. (“ FRI ”) is
duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the State of Delaware. Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (a) has all requisite corporate power and
authority to own, lease and operate its property and to carry on
its business as now being conducted and (b) is duly qualified
to do business and in good standing as a foreign corporation in
each jurisdiction in which the failure to be so qualified would
have a Material Adverse Effect. Section 4.1 of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete list of all of the
Subsidiaries of the Company and their jurisdiction of
incorporation. Except for the Company’s Equity Interest in
FRI, the Company does not hold an Equity Interest in any other
person.
4.2. Articles of Incorporation and
By-laws; Corporate Books and Records . The copies of (a) the
Company’s articles of incorporation (the “ Company
Articles ”) including all amendments thereto that are
listed as exhibits to the Company’s Form SB-2 filed on
June 15, 2004 and the Company’s Form 8-K filed on
August 19, 2005 and (b) the Company’s By-laws (the
“ Company By-laws ”), that are listed as an
exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on August 19, 2005 are complete
and correct copies thereof as in effect on the date hereof. The
Company is not in violation of any of the provisions of the Company
Articles or the Company By-laws. The minute books of the Company
made available to counsel for Parent are the only minute books of
the Company and contain accurate summaries, in all material
respects, of all meetings of directors (or committees thereof) and
shareholders or actions by written consent since the time of
incorporation of the Company. The Company has provided to Parent
complete and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and
by-laws or the equivalent thereof of each Subsidiary of the
Company.
4.3. Capitalization.
(a) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 120,000,000
shares of capital stock divided into 100,000,000 shares of Company
Common Stock, $.0001 par value per share, and 20,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, $.001 par value per share (“ Company
Preferred Stock ”). As of the date hereof,
(A) 20,853,231 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and
outstanding, all of which were validly issued and fully paid,
nonassessable and free of preemptive rights and (B) no shares
of Company Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
(b) As of
the date hereof, except for Company Options to purchase 2,411,000
shares of Company Common Stock, warrants to purchase 10,776,477
shares of Company Common Stock (the “ Company Warrants
”) and the warrants set forth in Section 4.3(b)(i) of
the Company Disclosure Letter, there were no options, warrants or
other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any
character to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound
relating to the issued or unissued capital stock or other Equity
Interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for such capital stock or other
Equity Interests, or obligating the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to issue or sell any shares of its capital stock or
other Equity Interests, or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for such capital stock of, or other Equity Interests
in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Section 4.3(b) of
the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth (i) a true and
complete list, as of the date hereof, of all Company Options
outstanding under the Company Option Plans, the prices at which
such outstanding Company Options may be exercised and the vesting
schedule of the Company Options and (ii) a true and complete
list, as of the date hereof, of all Company Warrants and the prices
at which such Company Warrants may be exercised. All Company Common
Stock subject to issuance under the Company Option Plans and all
Company Common Stock subject to issuance under the Company
Warrants, upon issuance prior to the Effective Time on the terms
and conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they
are issuable, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid,
nonassessable and free of preemptive rights.
(c) Each
outstanding share of capital stock of each Subsidiary of the
Company is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid,
nonassessable and free of preemptive rights and is owned,
beneficially and of record, by the Company free and clear of all
security interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of
first refusal, agreements, limitations on the Company’s
voting rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature
whatsoever. As of the date hereof, except as disclosed in the
Company SEC Filings or Section 4.3(c) of the Company
Disclosure Letter, there are no outstanding contractual obligations
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (A) restricting the
transfer of, (B) affecting the voting rights of, (C) requiring
the repurchase, redemption or disposition of, or containing any
right of first refusal with respect to, (D) requiring the
registration for sale of, or (E) granting any preemptive or
antidilutive right with respect to, any Company Common Stock or any
other capital stock of, or other Equity Interests in, the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries. There are no outstanding contractual
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to provide
funds to, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital
contribution or otherwise) in, any of its Subsidiaries or any other
person.
(d) The
Company does not have outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes, or
other obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or
convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to
vote) with the shareholders of the Company on any matter. The
Company has not adopted a shareholder rights plan or any similar
plan or agreement that limits or impairs the ability to purchase,
or become the direct or indirect beneficial owner of any Equity
Interest in the Company.
(e) Except
as set forth in Section 4.3(e) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, none of the Merger or other transactions contemplated
hereby will result in an acceleration of vesting, or modification
of vesting terms, with respect to any Company Options.
4.4. Authority. The Company
has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and
deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the
consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby
have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate
action and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the
Company and no shareholder votes are necessary to authorize this
Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby
other than as provided in Section 4.22. This Agreement has
been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the
Company and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of
the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer,
reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles.
4.5. No Conflict; Required Filings
and Consents.
(a) The
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company does not,
and the performance of this Agreement by the Company will not,
(A) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company
Articles or the Company By-laws (assuming the Company Stockholder
Approval is obtained), (B) (assuming that all consents, approvals,
authorizations and permits described in Section 4.5(b) have
been obtained and all filings and notifications described in
Section 4.5(b) have been made and any waiting periods
thereunder have terminated or expired) conflict with or violate any
Law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by
which any property or asset of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is bound or affected or (C) (assuming that all
consents, approvals, authorizations and permits described in
Section 4.5(b) have been obtained and all filings and
notifications described in Section 4.5(b) have been made and
any waiting periods thereunder have terminated or expired) require
any consent or approval under, result in any breach of or any loss
of any benefit under, constitute a change of control or default (or
an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a
default) under or give to others any right of termination, vesting,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the
creation of a lien or other Encumbrance on any property or asset of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any Contract,
Company Permit or other instrument or obligation to which it is a
party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
affected, except, with respect to clauses (B) and (C), for any
such conflicts, violations, consents, approvals, breaches, losses,
defaults or other occurrences that would not, individually or in
the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) The
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company does not,
and the performance of this Agreement by the Company will not,
require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or
filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or any
other person, except (A) the consents and approvals set forth
in Section 4.5(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter,
(B) under the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, applicable
Blue Sky Law, the HSR Act and the rules and regulations of The
NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. relative to companies listed on the Over
the Counter Bulletin Board, (C) the filing and recordation of
the Articles of Merger as required by the FBCA and the filing and
recordation of the Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL
and (D) where failure to obtain such consents, approvals,
authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or
notifications, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect.
4.6. Permits; Compliance With
Law. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in possession
of all authorizations, licenses, permits, certificates, approvals
and clearances of any Governmental Entity (collectively, “
Company Permits ”), including all Company Permits
under the FDCA and the regulations of the FDA promulgated
thereunder and the regulations of the EMEA, necessary for it to
own, lease or operate its properties and other assets and to carry
on its business and operations as presently conducted and all such
Company Permits are valid, and in full force and effect, except
where the failure to have or the suspension or cancellation of, or
failure to be valid or in full force and effect of, any of Company
Permits would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. No action, proceeding, revocation
proceeding, amendment procedure, writ, injunction or claim is
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, which
seeks to revoke or limit any Company Permit. None of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is in conflict with, or in default or
violation of, (x) any Law applicable to it or by which any of
its properties or assets is bound or affected or (y) any
Company Permits, except, in each case, for such conflicts, defaults
or violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Effect. No investigation, review or other
Legal Proceeding by any Governmental Entity is pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company, nor has
any Governmental Entity indicated to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries an intention to conduct the same that would,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect.
4.7. SEC Filings; Financial
Statements.
(a) The
Company has filed or furnished all forms, reports, proxy
statements, schedules and documents required to be filed or
furnished by it under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act since
October 12, 2004 (collectively, the “ Company SEC
Filings ”). Each Company SEC Filing (including, without
limitation, any financial statements or schedules included or
incorporated by reference therein) (A) as of the time it was
filed, complied in all material respects with the requirements of
the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and
(B) did not, at the time it was filed, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. The appropriate officers of
the Company have made the certifications required by
Sections 302 and 906 of, and the Company has complied in all
material respects with, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as applicable to
it.
(b) Each of
the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, any
notes thereto) contained in the Company SEC Filings was prepared in
accordance with GAAP applied (except as may be indicated in the
notes thereto and, in the case of unaudited quarterly consolidated
financial statements, as permitted by Article 10 of
Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC and the instructions to
Form 10-QSB under the Exchange Act) on a consistent basis
throughout the periods indicated (except as may be indicated in the
notes thereto), and each presented fairly in all material respects
the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the
Company and its Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and
for the respective periods indicated therein (subject, in the case
of unaudited statements, to normal year-end adjustments that would
not be material in amount). The books and records of the Company
have been maintained in accordance with applicable material legal
and accounting requirements.
(c) Except
as set forth in Section 4.7(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter and as and to the extent set forth on the consolidated
balance sheet of the Company as of January 31, 2007 included
in the Company’s Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended
January 31, 2007 filed on March 26, 2007, including the
notes thereto, the Company has no liabilities or obligations of any
nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) that
would be required to be reflected on a balance sheet or in notes
thereto prepared in accordance with GAAP, except for normal
year-end adjustments and liabilities or obligations incurred in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practices since
January 31, 2007.
(d) The
Company maintains adequate disclosure controls and procedures
designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information
required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or
submit pursuant to the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is
accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management,
including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Except as
disclosed in the Company SEC Filings, there are no
(i) significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the
design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect in any material
respect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information and (ii) fraud, or allegation
of fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting.
(e) The
Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls designed
to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are
executed in accordance with management’s general or specific
authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP
and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets
is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or
specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability
for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
differences. Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Filings, as of
January 31, 2007, the Company is not aware of any material
deficiencies with respect to its internal control over financial
reporting.
(f) None of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, nor does the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries have any commitment to become a
party to, any joint venture, partnership agreement or any similar
Contract (including any Contract relating to any transaction,
arrangement or relationship between or among the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries and any unconsolidated affiliate, including any
structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity or
person (such as any arrangement described in Section 303(a)(4) of
Regulation S-B promulgated by the SEC)) where the purpose or
effect of such arrangement is to avoid disclosure of any material
transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the
Company’s consolidated financial statements.
4.8. Brokers. No broker,
finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage,
finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the
Merger and the transactions contemplated hereby based upon
arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
4.9. Absence of Certain Changes or
Events. Since January 31, 2007, except as specifically
contemplated by, or as disclosed in, this Agreement,
Section 4.9 of the Company Disclosure Letter or the Company
SEC Filings, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has conducted
its operations only in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice and:
(a) there
has not been any Material Adverse Effect or an event or development
that would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect;
(b) there
has not been any material loss, damage or destruction to, or any
material interruption in the use of, any of the assets or business
of the Company (whether or not covered by insurance);
(c) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has: (i) declared,
accrued, set aside or paid any dividend or made any other
distribution in respect of any shares of capital stock; or
(ii) repurchased, redeemed or otherwise reacquired any Equity
Interests or other securities;
(d) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has sold, issued or granted,
or authorized the issuance of, or amended the terms of:
(i) any capital stock or other security (except for shares of
Company Common Stock issued upon the valid exercise of outstanding
Company Options and Company Warrants); (ii) any option,
warrant or right to acquire any capital stock or any other security
(except for Company Options identified in Section 4.9(d) of
the Company Disclosure Letter); (iii) any instrument
convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other
security or (iv) any Equity Interest;
(e) the
Company has not amended or waived any of its rights under, and has
not approved the acceleration of vesting under any provision of:
(i) any Company Option Plan; (ii) any Company Option or
any Contract evidencing or relating to any Company Option;
(iii) any restricted stock purchase agreement; or
(iv) any other Contract evidencing or relating to any equity
award (whether payable in cash or stock);
(f) there
has been no amendment to the Company Articles or the Company
By-laws, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
effected or been a party to any merger, consolidation, share
exchange, business combination, recapitalization, reclassification
of shares, reorganization, stock split, reverse stock split,
plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, restructuring
or similar transaction;
(g) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has formed any Subsidiary or
acquired any Equity Interest or other interest in any other
person;
(h) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has: (i) lent money to
any person; (ii) incurred, assumed or guaranteed any
indebtedness for borrowed money; (iii) issued or sold any debt
securities or options, warrants, calls or other rights to acquire
any debt securities; (iv) assumed or guaranteed any
indebtedness or other obligations of any other person; or
(v) made any capital expenditure or commitment in excess of
$50,000;
(i) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has: (i) adopted,
established or entered into any Company Benefit Plan;
(ii) caused or permitted any Company Benefit Plan to be
amended other than as required by Law; or (iii) paid any bonus
or made any profit-sharing or similar payment to, or increased the
amount of the wages, salary, commissions, fringe benefits or other
compensation or remuneration payable to, any of its directors or
employees;
(j) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has changed any of its
methods of accounting or accounting practices in any material
respect;
(k) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has made any material Tax
election, filed any material amendment to any Tax Return, entered
into any tax allocation agreement, tax sharing agreement, tax
indemnity agreement or closing agreement relating to any material
Tax, surrendered any right to claim a material Tax refund, or
consented to any extension or waiver of the statute of limitations
period applicable to any material Tax claim or assessment;
(l) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has commenced or settled any
Legal Proceeding;
(m) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has entered into any
material transaction outside the ordinary course of business;
(n) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has sold, leased or
otherwise irrevocably disposed of any of its assets or properties,
nor has any security interest or other Encumbrance been created in
such assets or properties, except in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practices;
(o) there
has been no amendment or early termination of any Company Material
Contract;
(p) there
has been no (i) material change in pricing or royalties set or
charged by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to its customers
or licensees, (ii) agreements by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to change pricing or royalties set or charged by
persons who have licensed Intellectual Property to the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) as of the date of this Agreement,
material change in pricing or royalties set or charged by persons
who have licensed Intellectual Property to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries; and
(q) none of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has negotiated, agreed or
committed to take any of the actions referred to in clauses
(c) through (p) above (other than negotiations between
the parties to enter into this Agreement).
4.10. Employee Benefit
Plans.
(a) Section 4.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a correct, accurate and complete list of each Employee
Benefit Plan which is now, or was within the past six years,
maintained, sponsored or contributed to by the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or under which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has, or has had within the past six years, any
obligation or liability, whether actual or contingent. Each
Employee Benefit Plan listed in such section of the Company
Disclosure Letter is hereinafter referred to as a “
Company Benefit Plan ”.
(b) With
respect to each Company Benefit Plan, the Company has delivered or
made available to Parent correct, accurate and complete copies of
(A) all written documents comprising or relating to such plan
(including amendments, individual agreements, investment management
agreements, service agreements, trust agreements, insurance
contracts and other funding agreements), and in the case of an
unwritten Company Benefit Plan, a written description thereof,
(B) all material communications and summaries pertaining to
such plan which have been provided to participants and the current
summary plan description, if any is required by Law, including any
summary of material modifications thereto, (C) the annual
reports, if any, for the three most recent years required to be
filed, (D) the most recent actuarial report and audited
financial statement, if any, (E) the most recent
determination, opinion, advisory or notification letter, if any,
which has been issued by the IRS or other Governmental Entity and
which covers such plan, (F) any employee handbook which
includes a description of such plan, and (G) all filings made
with any Governmental Entity to correct any failure with respect to
such plan.
(c) Except
as set forth in Section 4.10(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, no Company Benefit Plan, and no Employee Benefit Plan which
has ever been maintained, administered, sponsored or contributed to
by the Company or any Company ERISA Affiliate, is or ever was
(A) a “defined benefit plan”, as defined in
Section 414 of the Code, a “multiemployer plan”,
as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA, a “multiple
employer plan”, as described in Section 413(c) of the Code or
a “multiple employer welfare arrangement”, as defined
in Section 3(40) of ERISA, (B) subject to the funding
requirements of Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of
the Code, (C) subject to Title IV of ERISA, (D) a
“voluntary employees’ beneficiary association”
within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9) of the Code, or
(E) established or maintained outside of the United States or
a plan or arrangement which provides benefits to non-resident
aliens (with respect to the U.S.) with no U.S. source income.
(d) Each
Company Benefit Plan has been administered in all material respects
in accordance with its terms and all applicable Laws. All
contributions required to be made to, or with respect to, any
Company Benefit Plan as of the date of this Agreement by the terms
of such plan, by contract or under applicable Law have been timely
and fully made or, if not yet due, have been properly reflected on
the Company’s balance sheet filed or incorporated by
reference in the Company SEC Filings prior to the date hereof. All
payments required to be made by, or with respect to, any Company
Benefit Plan as of the date of this Agreement by the terms of such
plan, by contract or under applicable Law have been timely and
fully made. Except as set forth in Section 4.10(d) of the
Company Disclosure Letter, with respect to each Company Benefit
Plan which is funded (or is required to be funded), the value of
the assets of such plan are at least equal to the liabilities of
such plan. There have been no material violations of any reporting
or disclosure requirements under any applicable Law with respect to
any Company Benefit Plan, including any requirement to file
notices, returns, reports and similar documents with any
Governmental Entity or to provide notices, returns, reports and
similar documents to any participant. The Company has no unpaid
material liability (other than for routine contributions or benefit
payments), or any unpaid material penalty or tax, with respect to
any Company Benefit Plan or other Employee Benefit Plan, and no
event, omission or error has occurred