Exhibit 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND
REORGANIZATION
among
INHIBITEX, INC.
FROST ACQUISITION
CORP.
and
FERMAVIR PHARMACEUTICALS,
INC.
Dated as of April 9,
2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE I
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THE MERGER
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1
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1.1.
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The Merger
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1
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1.2.
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Effective Time; Closing
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2
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1.3.
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Effect of the Merger
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2
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1.4.
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Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the
Surviving Corporation
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2
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1.5.
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Directors and Officers of the Surviving
Corporation
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3
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ARTICLE II
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CONVERSION OF SECURITIES; EXCHANGE
OF CERTIFICATES
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3
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2.1.
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Conversion of Shares
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3
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2.2.
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Exchange of Shares Other than Dissenting Shares
and Treasury Shares
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3
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2.3.
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Stock Transfer Books
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5
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2.4.
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No Fractional Share Certificates
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5
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2.5.
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Company Options and Warrants
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6
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2.6.
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Certain Adjustments
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7
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2.7.
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Dissenting Shares
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7
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2.8.
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Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates
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7
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2.9.
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Required Deduction or Withholding
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7
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2.10.
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Taking of Necessary Action; Further
Action
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8
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ARTICLE III
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB
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8
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3.1.
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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8
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3.2.
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Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws;
Corporate Books and Records
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8
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3.3.
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Capitalization
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9
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3.4.
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Authority
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10
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3.5.
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No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents
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10
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3.6.
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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11
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3.7.
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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11
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3.8.
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Brokers
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13
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3.9.
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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13
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3.10.
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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15
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3.11.
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Tax Treatment
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15
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i
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Page
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3.12.
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Contracts
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15
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3.13.
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Litigation
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15
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3.14.
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Intellectual Property
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16
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3.15.
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Regulatory Compliance
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18
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3.16.
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Taxes
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19
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3.17.
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Opinion of Financial Advisor
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19
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3.18.
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Vote Required
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19
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3.19.
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Ownership of Merger Sub; No Prior
Activities
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19
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3.20.
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Transactions with Affiliates
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19
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3.21.
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Inapplicability of Anti-takeover
Statutes
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19
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3.22.
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Disclosure
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19
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3.23.
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act And International
Trade Sanctions
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20
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ARTICLE IV
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
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20
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4.1.
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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20
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4.2.
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Articles of Incorporation and By-laws; Corporate
Books and Records
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21
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4.3.
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Capitalization
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21
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4.4.
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Authority
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22
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4.5.
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No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents
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23
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4.6.
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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23
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4.7.
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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24
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4.8.
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Brokers
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25
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4.9.
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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25
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4.10.
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Employee Benefit Plans
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27
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4.11.
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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30
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4.12.
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Tax Treatment
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31
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4.13.
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Contracts
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31
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4.14.
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Litigation
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33
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4.15.
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Environmental Matters
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33
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4.16.
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Intellectual Property
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34
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4.17.
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Regulatory Compliance
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37
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ii
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Page
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4.18.
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Taxes
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39
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4.19.
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Insurance
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40
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4.20.
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Transactions with Affiliates
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41
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4.21.
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Vote Required
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41
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4.22.
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Title to Assets
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41
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4.23.
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Disclosure
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41
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4.24.
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Inapplicability of Anti-takeover
Statutes
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42
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4.25.
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Real Property
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42
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4.26.
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Foreign Corrupt Practices Act And International
Trade Sanctions
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42
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ARTICLE V
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COVENANTS
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42
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5.1.
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Conduct of Business by Parent and Merger Sub
Pending the Closing
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42
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5.2.
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Conduct of Business by the Company and its
Subsidiaries Pending the Closing
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44
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5.3.
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Registration Statement; Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus
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46
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5.4.
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Parent and Company Recommendation
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48
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5.5.
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Access and Investigation
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49
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5.6.
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Recommendation of the Board; No Solicitation of
Transactions
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50
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5.7.
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Appropriate Action; Consents; Filings
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52
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5.8.
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Certain Notices
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54
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5.9.
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Public Announcements
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54
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5.10.
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The NASDAQ Global Market Listing
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55
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5.11.
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Section 16 Matters
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55
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5.12.
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Indemnification of Directors and
Officers
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55
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5.13.
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Meetings with Regulatory Agencies
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56
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5.14.
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Resale Registration Statement
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56
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5.15.
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Directors and Officers
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57
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ARTICLE VI
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CLOSING CONDITIONS
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57
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6.1.
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Conditions to Obligations of Each Party Under
This Agreement
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57
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6.2.
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent
and Merger Sub
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58
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6.3.
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of the
Company
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60
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iii
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Page
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ARTICLE VII
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TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND
WAIVER
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61
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7.1.
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Termination
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61
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7.2.
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Effect of Termination
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62
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ARTICLE VIII
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GENERAL PROVISIONS
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63
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8.1.
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Survival Periods
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63
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8.2.
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Notices
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63
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8.3.
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Amendment
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64
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8.4.
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Waiver
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64
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8.5.
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Expenses
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65
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8.6.
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Certain Definitions
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65
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8.7.
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Headings
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73
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8.8.
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Severability
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73
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8.9.
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Entire Agreement
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74
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8.10.
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Assignment
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74
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8.11.
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Parties in Interest
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74
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8.12.
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Mutual Drafting
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74
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8.13.
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Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver
of Trial by Jury
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74
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8.14.
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Disclosure
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75
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8.15.
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Counterparts
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75
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8.16.
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Specific Performance
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75
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iv
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND
REORGANIZATION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND
REORGANIZATION, dated as of April 9, 2007 (as amended, supplemented
or otherwise modified from time to time, this “
Agreement ”), among INHIBITEX, INC., a Delaware
corporation (“ Parent ”), FERMAVIR
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Florida corporation (the “
Company ”), and FROST ACQUISITION CORP., a Delaware
corporation and a direct wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“
Merger Sub ”):
W
I T N
E S S E T H
:
WHEREAS, the board of directors of
Parent (the “ Parent Board ”) and the board of
directors of the Company (the “ Company Board ”)
have determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of
their respective companies and stockholders to enter into a
business combination by means of the merger of the Company with and
into Merger Sub and have approved and adopted this Agreement, the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement and as an inducement to Parent to enter
into this Agreement, each of the executive officers and directors
and certain stockholders of the Company have entered into a voting
agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
A (the “ Company Voting Agreement
”);
WHEREAS, concurrently with the
execution of this Agreement and as an inducement to the Company to
enter into this Agreement, each of the officers and directors and
certain stockholders of Parent have entered into a voting agreement
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the
“ Parent Voting Agreement ”); and
WHEREAS, for United States federal
income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger shall qualify
as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code
”), and that this Agreement shall be, and is hereby, adopted
as a plan of reorganization for purposes of Section 368(a) of the
Code.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the foregoing and the representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements set forth herein, and other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby
acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties
hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1.
The Merger
. At the Effective Time (as
defined in Section 1.2 ) and subject to and in accordance
with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the applicable
provisions of the Florida Business Corporation Act (the “
FBCA ”) and the Delaware General Corporation Law (the
“ DGCL ”), the Company shall be merged with and
into Merger Sub (the “ Merger ”), the
separate corporate existence of the
Company shall cease and Merger Sub shall continue as the surviving
corporation. Merger Sub, as the surviving corporation after
the Merger, is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “
Surviving Corporation .”
1.2.
Effective Time;
Closing . Upon the
terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, the parties
hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing (a)
articles of merger (the “ Articles of Merger ”)
with the Secretary of State of the State of Florida in accordance
with the relevant provisions of the FBCA and (ii) a certificate of
merger (the “ Certificate of Merger ”) with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the
relevant provisions of the DGCL (the time that the latter of the
two such filings, or such later time as may be agreed in writing by
the Company and Parent and specified in the Articles of Merger and
the Certificate of Merger, being the “ Effective Time
”), as soon as practicable after the Closing (as defined
below) and on the Closing Date (as herein defined). The
closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall
take place at the offices of Dechert LLP, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New
York, New York 10112, at a time and date to be specified by the
parties hereto, which shall be no later than the fifth business day
after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article VI (other than those conditions, which by their terms, are
to be satisfied or waived on the Closing Date, but subject to the
satisfaction or waiver thereof), or at such other time, date and
location as the parties hereto agree in writing (the “
Closing Date ”).
1.3.
Effect of the Merger
. At the Effective Time, the
effect of the Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement, the
Articles of Merger, the Certificate of Merger and the applicable
provisions of the FBCA and the DGCL. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective
Time, all of the assets, properties, rights, privileges, powers and
franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the
Surviving Corporation, and all of the debts, liabilities,
obligations, restrictions and duties of the Company and Merger Sub
shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions and
duties of the Surviving Corporation.
1.4.
Certificate of Incorporation and
By-laws of the Surviving Corporation .
(a)
Certificate of
Incorporation . As
of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any
action on the part of Merger Sub or the Company, the Certificate of
Incorporation of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Surviving Corporation, subject to Section 5.12, until thereafter
amended as provided by the DGCL and such Certificate of
Incorporation; provided, however , that as of the Effective
Time, the Certificate of Incorporation shall provide that the name
of the Surviving Corporation is “Frost Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.”
(b)
By- Laws . As of the Effective Time, by virtue of
the Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub or the
Company, the By-laws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior
to the Effective Time, shall be the By-laws of the Surviving
Corporation until thereafter amended, subject to Section 5.12, as
provided by DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation and such By-laws; provided, however , that all
references in such By-laws to Merger Sub shall be amended to refer
to “Frost Pharmaceuticals, Inc.”
2
1.5.
Directors and Officers of the
Surviving Corporation . The initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation shall be the directors of Merger Sub as of immediately
prior to the Effective Time, until their respective successors are
duly elected or appointed and qualified and the initial officers of
the Surviving Corporation shall be the officers of Merger Sub as of
immediately prior to the Effective Time.
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
2.1.
Conversion of Shares
. At the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger, and without any action on the part of Parent,
Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of any of the following
securities:
(a)
Each share of Common Stock, $0.0001
par value, of the Company (“ Company Common Stock
”) issued and outstanding immediately before the Effective
Time, excluding (i) Dissenting Shares (as defined in Section 2.7
below), (ii) those owned by Parent, Merger Sub and any wholly-owned
Subsidiary of Parent or Merger Sub, and (iii) those held in the
treasury of the Company and all rights in respect thereof, shall,
forthwith cease to exist and be converted into and become
exchangeable for the right to receive a number of shares of common
stock, $0.001 par value per share, of Parent (“ Parent
Common Stock ”) at the Exchange Ratio (plus cash in lieu
of fractional shares pursuant to Section 2.4) (the “
Merger Consideration ”). The “ Exchange
Ratio ” shall equal 0.55.
(b)
Each share of Company Common Stock
(i) held in the treasury of the Company, or (ii) owned by Parent or
Merger Sub, in each case immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be canceled and retired and no shares of stock or other
securities of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any other
corporation shall be issuable, and no payment of other
consideration shall be made, with respect thereto.
2.2.
Exchange of Shares Other than
Dissenting Shares and Treasury Shares.
(a)
Exchange Agent
. As of the Effective Time,
Parent shall enter into an agreement with a bank or trust company
reasonably satisfactory to the Company to act as exchange agent for
the Merger (the “ Exchange Agent ”).
(b)
Parent to Provide Common
Stock . At the
Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent, for
the benefit of the holders of Company Common Stock, certificates of
Parent Common Stock (“ Parent Certificates ”)
representing the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock
issuable pursuant to Section 2.1(a) in exchange for shares of
Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time. From time to time, Parent shall make available to the
Exchange Agent sufficient cash to make all cash payments in lieu of
fractional shares pursuant to Section 2.4.
(c)
Exchange Procedures
. The Exchange Agent shall mail to
each holder of record of certificates of Company Common Stock
(“ Company Certificates ”), whose shares were
converted into the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock
(and cash
3
in lieu of fractional shares
pursuant to Section 2.4) promptly after the Effective Time: (i) a
letter of transmittal in form and substance satisfactory to the
Company, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld (which shall
specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title
to the Company Certificates shall pass, only upon receipt of the
Company Certificates by the Exchange Agent, and shall be in such
form and have such other provisions as Parent may reasonably
specify); and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender
of the Company Certificates in exchange for the applicable Merger
Consideration. Upon surrender of a Company Certificate for
cancellation to the Exchange Agent or to such other agent or agents
as may be appointed by Parent, together with such letter of
transmittal, duly completed and validly executed, and such other
documents as may be reasonably required by the Exchange Agent, the
holder of such Company Certificate shall be entitled to receive in
exchange therefor a Parent Certificate representing the number of
whole shares of Parent Common Stock that such holder has the right
to receive pursuant to this Article II (together with payment of
cash in lieu of fractional shares which such holder has the right
to receive pursuant to Section 2.4) and the Company Certificate so
surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. Until so surrendered, each
outstanding Company Certificate that, prior to the Effective Time,
represented shares of Company Common Stock will be deemed from and
after the Effective Time, for all purposes other than the payment
of dividends and distributions, to evidence the ownership of the
number of full shares of Parent Common Stock into which such shares
of Company Common Stock, as the case may be, shall have been so
converted (together with payment of cash in lieu of fractional
shares which such holder has the right to receive pursuant to
Section 2.4). Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Agreement, no interest will be paid or will accrue on any cash
payable to holders of Company Certificates pursuant to the
provisions of this Article II.
(d)
Distributions With Respect to
Unexchanged Shares . No dividends or other distributions with
respect to Parent Common Stock with a record date after the
Effective Time will be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered
Company Certificate with respect to the shares of Parent Common
Stock represented thereby until such holder surrenders such Company
Certificate. Subject to the effect of applicable escheat or
similar Laws, following the surrender of any such Company
Certificate, there shall be paid to the record holder of the Parent
Certificates issued in exchange therefor, without interest, (i) at
the time of such surrender, the amount of any such dividends or
other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time
theretofore payable (but for the provisions of this Section 2.2(d))
with respect to such shares of Parent Common Stock and (ii) at the
appropriate payment date the amount of dividends or other
distributions with a record date after the Effective Time but prior
to such surrender and with a payment date subsequent to such
surrender payable with respect to such whole Parent Common
Stock.
(e)
Transfer of Ownership
. If any Parent Certificate is
to be issued in a name, or cash in lieu of fractional shares paid
to a person, other than that in which the Company Certificate
surrendered in exchange therefor is registered, it will be a
condition of the issuance and/or payment thereof that the Company
Certificate so surrendered will be properly endorsed and otherwise
in proper form for transfer and that the person requesting such
exchange will have paid to Parent or any agent designated by it
any
4
transfer or other Taxes required by
reason of the issuance of a Parent Certificate for shares of Parent
Common Stock in any name other than that of the registered holder
of the Company Certificate surrendered, or established to the
satisfaction of Parent or any agent designated by it that such Tax
has been paid or is not payable.
(f)
Termination of Exchange Agent
Funding . Any
portion of funds (including any interest earned thereon) or Parent
Certificates held by the Exchange Agent which have not been
delivered to holders of Company Certificates pursuant to this
Article II within one year after the Effective Time shall promptly
be paid or delivered, as appropriate, to Parent, and thereafter
holders of Company Certificates who have not theretofore complied
with the exchange procedures set forth in and contemplated by this
Section 2.2 shall thereafter look only to Parent (subject to
abandoned property, escheat and similar Laws) only as general
creditors thereof for their claim for shares of Parent Common
Stock, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock
and any dividends or distributions (with a record date after the
Effective Time) with respect to Parent Common Stock to which they
are entitled.
(g)
No Liability
. Notwithstanding anything to
the contrary in this Section 2.2, none of the Exchange Agent, the
Surviving Corporation or any party hereto shall be liable to any
person in respect of any shares of Parent Common Stock or cash
delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned
property, escheat or similar Law.
2.3.
Stock Transfer Books
. As of the Effective Time,
the stock transfer books of the Company shall each be closed, and
there shall be no further registration of transfers of shares of
Company Common Stock thereafter on the records of any such stock
transfer books. In the event of a transfer of ownership of
shares of Company Common Stock that is not registered in the stock
transfer records of the Company at the Effective Time, a
certificate or certificates representing the number of full shares
of Parent Common Stock into which such shares of Company Common
Stock, as the case may be, shall have been converted, if any, shall
be issued to the transferee together with a cash payment in lieu of
fractional shares, if any, in accordance with Section 2.4 hereof,
and a cash payment in the amount of dividends, if any, in
accordance with Section 2.2(d) hereof, if the certificate or
certificates representing such shares of Company Common Stock, as
the case may be, is or are surrendered as provided in Section
2.2(c) hereof, accompanied by all documents required to evidence
and effect such transfer and by evidence of payment of any
applicable stock transfer tax.
2.4.
No Fractional Share
Certificates . No
scrip or fractional share Parent Certificate shall be issued upon
the surrender for exchange of Company Certificates, and an
outstanding fractional share interest shall not entitle the owner
thereof to vote, to receive dividends or to any rights of a
stockholder of Parent or of the Surviving Corporation with respect
to such fractional share interest. As promptly as practicable
following the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with the
Exchange Agent an amount in cash sufficient for the Exchange Agent
to pay each holder of Company Common Stock an amount in cash,
rounded to the nearest whole cent, equal to the product obtained by
multiplying (i) the fractional share interest to which such holder
would otherwise be entitled (after taking into account all shares
of Company Common Stock held at the Effective Time by such holder)
by (ii) the Final Average Closing Price. As soon as
practicable after the determination of the amount of cash, if any,
to be paid to holders of
5
Company Common Stock with respect to
any fractional share interests, the Exchange Agent shall make
available such amounts, net of any required withholding taxes, to
such holders of Company Common Stock, subject to and in accordance
with the terms of Section 2.2 hereof.
2.5.
Company Options and
Warrants .
(a)
At the Effective Time, each
outstanding Company Option, whether vested or unvested, shall be
assumed by the Parent upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in this Agreement. Each Company Option so assumed
by Parent under this Agreement shall continue to have, and be
subject to, the same terms and conditions (including the terms and
conditions set forth in the Company Stock Plan under which it was
granted and the applicable stock option agreement) as are in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that (i) such
Company Option shall be issued under Parent’s 2004 Stock
Incentive Plan (the “ Parent 2004 Plan ”); (ii)
such Company Option shall be exercisable for that number of whole
shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the product (rounded to the
nearest whole number of shares of Parent Common Stock) of the
number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such option
immediately prior to the Effective Time and the Exchange Ratio,
(iii) the per share exercise price for the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable upon exercise of such Company Option shall be equal
to the quotient (rounded to the nearest whole cent) obtained by
dividing the exercise price per share of Company Common Stock at
which such option was exercisable immediately prior to the
Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio and (iv) the terms and
conditions of such Company Option shall be subject to any changes
thereto in connection with or resulting from consummation of the
Merger described in Section 2.5(b) of the Company Disclosure
Letter.
(b)
At the Effective Time, the Company
Warrants shall be assumed by Parent upon the terms and subject to
the conditions set forth in this Agreement. Each Company
Warrant so assumed by Parent under this Agreement shall continue to
have, and be subject to, the same terms and conditions as are in
effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that (i)
such Company Warrant shall be exercisable for that number of whole
shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the product (rounded to the
nearest whole number of shares of Parent Common Stock) of the
number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such warrant
immediately prior to the Effective Time and the Exchange Ratio, and
(ii) the per share exercise price for the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable upon exercise of such Company Warrant shall be equal
to the quotient (rounded to the nearest whole cent) obtained by
dividing the exercise price per share of Company Common Stock at
which such warrant was exercisable immediately prior to the
Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio. To the extent that any
warrants set forth in Section 4.3(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure
Letter (the “Other Warrants”) are reinstated either
before or after the Effective Time, the Other Warrants, if they are
then still exercisable, shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section 2.5(b).
(c)
Parent shall file with the SEC, no
later than 15 days after the Effective Time, a registration
statement on Form S-8, if available for use by Parent, relating to
the exercise of the Company Options assumed by Parent in accordance
with Section 2.5(a)
6
and the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable thereunder in connection with the Parent 2004
Plan.
(d)
Parent and the Company shall take
all action that may be necessary (under the Parent 2004 Plan, the
Company Stock Plan, the terms of the Company Warrants and
otherwise) to effectuate the provisions of Sections 2.5(a) and
(b).
2.6.
Certain Adjustments
. If between the date of this
Agreement and the Effective Time, the outstanding shares of Parent
Common Stock or Company Common Stock shall be changed into a
different number of shares by reason of any reclassification,
recapitalization, split-up, combination or exchange of shares, or
any dividend payable in stock or other securities shall be declared
thereon with a record date within such period, then the Exchange
Ratio established pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.1 shall
be adjusted accordingly to provide to the Parent and the Company
the same economic effect as contemplated by this Agreement prior to
such reclassification, recapitalization, split-up, combination,
exchange or dividend.
2.7.
Dissenting Shares
. Notwithstanding any
provision of this Agreement to the contrary, shares of Company
Common Stock that are outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time and that are held by shareholders who shall have not
voted in favor of the Merger and who shall have demanded properly
in writing appraisal for such Company Common Stock in accordance
with Section 1302 et. seq. of the Florida Business Corporation Act
(collectively, the “ Dissenting Shares ”) shall
not be converted into, or represent the right to receive, the
Merger Consideration payable for each such share of Company Common
Stock. Such stockholders shall be entitled to receive payment
of the appraised value of such Company Common Stock held by them in
accordance with the provisions of such Section 1302, except that
all Dissenting Shares held by stockholders who shall have failed to
perfect or who effectively shall have withdrawn or lost their
rights to appraisal of such Company Common Stock under such Section
1302 shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted into, and to
have become exchangeable for, as of the Effective Time, the right
to receive the Merger Consideration payable for each such share of
Company Common Stock, upon surrender, in the manner provided in
Section 2.3, of the certificate or certificates that formerly
evidenced such Company Common Stock.
2.8.
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates . In
the event any Company Certificates shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall issue in exchange for such
lost, stolen or destroyed Company Certificates, upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, such shares of
Parent Common Stock (and cash in lieu of fractional shares) as may
be required pursuant to Section 2.1, provided, however ,
that Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to
the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or
destroyed Company Certificates to indemnify Parent against any
claim that may be made against Parent, the Surviving Corporation or
the Exchange Agent with respect to the Company Certificates alleged
to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
2.9.
Required Deduction or
Withholding . Each
of the Exchange Agent, the Surviving Corporation and Parent shall
be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise
payable to any holder of Company Common Stock pursuant to this
Agreement such amounts as may be required to be deducted or
withheld with respect to the making of such payment or any other
payment in connection with the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement under the
7
Code or any applicable provision of
state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent that amounts
are so deducted or withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing
authority by the Exchange Agent, the Surviving Corporation or
Parent, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this
Agreement as having been paid to the person to whom such amounts
would otherwise have been paid.
2.10.
Taking of Necessary Action;
Further Action .
If, at any time after the Effective Time, any further action is
necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement
and to vest the Surviving Corporation with full right, title and
possession to all assets, property, rights, privileges, powers and
franchises of Company, the officers and directors of Company are
fully authorized in the name of their corporation or otherwise to
take, and will use commercially reasonable efforts to take, all
such lawful and necessary action, so long as such action is not
inconsistent with this Agreement.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
Parent and Merger Sub hereby
represent and warrant to the Company as follows, except as set
forth in the Parent SEC Filings, or in the written disclosure
letter delivered by Parent to the Company on the date hereof (the
“ Parent Disclosure Letter ”). The Parent
Disclosure Letter shall be arranged in sections and subsections
corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections and subsections
contained in this Article III. The disclosures in any section or
subsection of the Parent Disclosure Letter shall qualify other
sections and subsections in this Article III to the extent it is
reasonably clear from a reading of the disclosure that such
disclosure is applicable to such other sections and
subsections. The inclusion of any information in the Parent
Disclosure Letter (or any update thereto) shall not be deemed to be
an admission or acknowledgment, in and of itself, that such
information is required by the terms hereof to be disclosed, is
material, has resulted in or would result in a Material Adverse
Effect, or is outside the ordinary course of business.
3.1.
Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries . Each
of Parent and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware. Each of Parent and Merger Sub (a) has all requisite
corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its
property and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and
(b) is duly qualified to do business and in good standing as a
foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the failure to be
so qualified would have a Material Adverse Effect. Merger Sub
has delivered or made available to the Company a true and correct
copy of its Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, each as
amended to date. Section 3.1 of the Parent Disclosure Letter
sets forth a true and complete list of all of the Subsidiaries of
Parent. Except for Parent’s Equity Interest in Merger
Sub, none of Parent or Merger Sub holds an Equity Interest in any
other person.
3.2.
Certificate of Incorporation and
By-laws; Corporate Books and Records. The copies of Parent’s Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated
By-laws that are listed as exhibits to Parent’s Registration
Statement on Form S-1 filed on March 3, 2004 and the amendments
thereto are complete and correct copies thereof as in effect on the
date hereof. Parent is not in violation of any of the provisions of
Parent Certificate
8
or Parent By-laws. The minute
books of Parent made available to counsel for the Company are the
only minute books of Parent and contain accurate summaries, in all
material respects, of all meetings of directors (or committees
thereof) and stockholders or actions by written consent from
January 1, 2002 through March 7, 2007.
3.3.
Capitalization
(a)
The authorized capital stock of
Parent consists of 75,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock and
5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share
(the “ Parent Preferred Stock ”). As of
April 6, 2007, (A) 30,598,098 shares of Parent Common Stock were
issued and outstanding, all of which were validly issued and fully
paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights (which amount
excludes 1,431,726 shares of restricted stock subject to
Parent’s right of repurchase issued pursuant to the Parent
Stock Plans), (B) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were issued
and outstanding and (C) no shares were held in treasury. All
capital stock or other equity securities of Parent have been issued
in compliance with applicable federal and state securities
laws.
(b)
As of April 6, 2007, except for
warrants to purchase no more than 2,608,035 shares of Parent Common
Stock (“ Parent Warrants ”) and options to
purchase no more than 1,687,022 shares of Parent Common Stock
(“ Parent Options ”), there were no options,
warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments
of any character to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by
which Parent or Merger Sub is bound relating to the issued or
unissued capital stock or other Equity Interests of Parent or
Merger Sub, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such
capital stock or other Equity Interests, or obligating Parent or
Merger Sub to issue or sell any shares of its capital stock or
other Equity Interests, or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for such capital stock of, or other Equity Interests
in, Parent or Merger Sub. Parent has provided the Company
with a true and complete list, as of the date hereof, of (A) all
Parent Warrants outstanding, the prices at which such outstanding
Parent Warrants may be exercised and the number of Parent Warrants
outstanding at each such price and (B) all Parent Options
outstanding under the Parent Stock Plans, the prices at which such
outstanding Parent Options may be exercised, the number of Parent
Options outstanding at each such price and the vesting schedule of
Parent Options. All shares of Parent Common Stock subject to
issuance under Parent Warrants and Parent Stock Plans, upon
issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the instruments
pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive
rights.
(c)
As of the date hereof, there are no
outstanding contractual obligations of Parent or Merger Sub (A)
restricting the transfer of, (B) affecting the voting rights of,
(C) requiring the repurchase, redemption or disposition of, or
containing any right of first refusal with respect to, (D)
requiring the registration for sale of, or (E) granting any
preemptive or antidilutive right with respect to, any shares of
Parent Common Stock or any capital stock of, or other Equity
Interests in, Parent or Merger Sub. Each outstanding share of
capital stock of Merger Sub is duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights and is
owned, beneficially and of record, by
9
Parent, free and clear of all
security interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of
first refusal, agreements, limitations on Parent’s voting
rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature
whatsoever. There are no outstanding contractual obligations
of Parent or Merger Sub to provide funds to, or make any investment
(in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, any
other person.
(d)
Parent does not have outstanding any
bonds, debentures, notes, or other obligations the holders of which
have the right to vote (or convertible into or exercisable for
securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of
Parent on any matter. Parent has not adopted a stockholder rights
plan or any similar plan or agreement that limits or impairs the
ability to purchase, or become the direct or indirect beneficial
owner of any Equity Interest in Parent.
(e)
None of the Merger or other
transactions contemplated hereby will result in an acceleration of
vesting, or modification of vesting terms, with respect to any
Parent Options.
3.4.
Authority.
Each of Parent and Merger Sub has
all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver
this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger
Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the
transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly
authorized by all necessary corporate action and no other corporate
proceedings on the part of Parent and Merger Sub and no stockholder
votes are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby other than as provided in
Section 3.18 and for the filing and recordation of the Articles of
Merger in the State of Florida and the filing and recordation of
the Certificate of Merger in the State of Delaware. This
Agreement has been duly authorized and validly executed and
delivered by each of Parent and Merger Sub and constitutes a legal,
valid and binding obligation of each of Parent and Merger Sub,
enforceable against each of Parent and Merger Sub in accordance
with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles.
3.5.
No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents.
(a)
The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub does not, and the performance of
this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub will not, (A) conflict with
or violate any provision of Parent Certificate or Parent By-laws or
Merger Sub’s Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, (B)
(assuming that all consents, approvals, authorizations and permits
described in Section 3.5(b) have been obtained and all filings and
notifications described in Section 3.5(b) have been made and any
waiting periods thereunder have terminated or expired) conflict
with or violate any Law applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or by
which any property or asset of Parent or Merger Sub is bound or
affected or (C) (assuming that all consents, approvals,
authorizations and permits described in Section 3.5(b) have been
obtained and all filings and notifications described in Section
3.5(b) have been made and any waiting periods thereunder have
terminated or expired) require any consent or approval under,
result in any breach of or any loss of any
10
benefit under, constitute a change
of control or default (or an event which with notice or lapse of
time or both would become a default) under or give to others any
right of termination, vesting, amendment, acceleration or
cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien or other
Encumbrance on any property or asset of Parent pursuant to, any
Contract or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party
or by which Parent or Merger Sub is affected, except, with respect
to clauses (B) and (C), for any such conflicts, violations,
consents, approvals, breaches, losses, defaults or other
occurrences that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have
a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)
The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by each of Parent and Merger Sub does not, and the
performance of this Agreement by each of Parent and Merger Sub will
not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or
filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or any
other person, except (A) the consents and approvals set forth in
Section 3.5(b) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, (B) under the
Exchange Act, the Securities Act, applicable Blue Sky Law, the HSR
Act and the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc.,
(C) the filing and recordation of the Articles of Merger as
required by the FBCA and the filing and recordation of the
Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL and (D) where failure
to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or
to make such filings or notifications, would not, individually or
in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.6.
Permits; Compliance With
Law. Parent is in
possession of all authorizations, licenses, permits, certificates,
approvals and clearances of any Governmental Entity (collectively,
“ Parent Permits ”), including all Parent
Permits under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938, as
amended (the “ FDCA ”) and the regulations of
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“ FDA ”)
promulgated thereunder and the regulations of the European
Medicines Evaluation Agency (“ EMEA ”),
necessary for it to own, lease or operate its properties and other
assets and to carry on its business and operations as presently
conducted and all such Parent Permits are valid, and in full force
and effect, except where the failure to have or the suspension or
cancellation of, or failure to be valid or in full force and effect
of, any of Parent Permits would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. No action, proceeding,
revocation proceeding, amendment procedure, writ, injunction or
claim is pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened, which
seeks to revoke or limit any Parent Permit. Neither Parent
nor Merger Sub is in conflict with, or in default or violation of,
any Law applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or by which any property
or asset of Parent or Merger Sub is bound or affected, except for
such conflicts, defaults or violations that would not, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. No
investigation, review or other Legal Proceeding by any Governmental
Entity is pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened
against Parent or Merger Sub, nor has any Governmental Entity
indicated to Parent or Merger Sub an intention to conduct the same
that would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect.
3.7.
SEC Filings; Financial
Statements.
(a)
Parent has filed or furnished all
forms, reports, proxy statements, schedules and documents required
to be filed or furnished by it under the Exchange Act since June 4,
2004 (collectively, the “ Parent SEC Filings ”).
Each Parent SEC Filing (including, without limitation, any
financial statements or schedules included or
11
incorporated by reference therein)
(A) as of the time it was filed, complied in all material respects
with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and (B) did not, at the
time it was filed, contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. The appropriate officers of Parent have made the
certifications required by Sections 302 and 906 of, and Parent has
complied in all material respects with, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated
thereunder (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”) as
applicable to it.
(b)
Each of the financial statements
(including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained in Parent
SEC Filings was prepared in accordance with GAAP applied (except as
may be indicated in the notes thereto and, in the case of unaudited
quarterly financial statements, as permitted by Article 10 of
Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC and the instructions to Form
10-Q under the Exchange Act) on a consistent basis throughout the
periods indicated (except as may be indicated in the notes
thereto), and each presented fairly in all material respects the
financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Parent
as of the respective dates thereof and for the respective periods
indicated therein (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to
normal year-end adjustments that would not be material in amount).
The books and records of Parent and Merger Sub have been maintained
in accordance with applicable material legal and accounting
requirements.
(c)
Except as set forth in Section
3.7(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter and as and to the extent set
forth on the balance sheet of Parent as of December 31, 2006
included in Parent Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006
filed on March 16, 2007, including the notes thereto, Parent has no
liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether accrued,
absolute, contingent or otherwise) that would be required to be
reflected on a balance sheet or in notes thereto prepared in
accordance with GAAP, except for normal year-end adjustments and
liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practices since December 31,
2006.
(d)
Parent maintains adequate disclosure
controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance
that material information required to be disclosed in the reports
that Parent files or submit pursuant to the Exchange Act is
recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time
periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such
information is accumulated and communicated to Parent’s
management, including its chief executive officer and chief
financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure. Except as set forth in Section 3.7(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter, there are no (i) significant deficiencies or
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect in any material respect Parent’s ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial information or (ii) fraud,
or allegation of fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in
Parent’s internal control over financial
reporting.
12
(e)
Parent maintains a system of
internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable
assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii)
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset
accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management’s general or specific
authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is
compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and
appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
Except as disclosed in Section 3.7(d) of the Parent Disclosure
Letter, as of December 31, 2006, Parent is not aware of any
material deficiencies with respect to its internal control over
financial reporting.
3.8.
Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker (other
than Lazard Frères & Co. LLC) is entitled to any
brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection
with the Merger based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of
Parent or Merger Sub.
3.9.
Absence of Certain Changes or
Events. Since December
31, 2006, except as specifically contemplated by, or as disclosed
in, this Agreement, the Parent SEC Filings or Section 3.9 of the
Parent Disclosure Letter, Parent and Merger Sub have conducted
their operations only in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice and:
(a)
there has not been any Material
Adverse Effect or an event or development that would, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;
(b)
there has not been any material
loss, damage or destruction to, or any material interruption in the
use of, any of the assets or business of Parent (whether or not
covered by insurance);
(c)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has:
(i) declared, accrued, set aside or paid any dividend or made any
other distribution in respect of any shares of capital stock; or
(ii) repurchased, redeemed or otherwise reacquired any Equity
Interests or other securities;
(d)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
sold, issued or granted, or authorized the issuance of: (i) any
capital stock or other security (except for Parent Common Stock
issued upon the valid exercise of outstanding Parent Options); (ii)
any option, warrant or right to acquire any capital stock or any
other security (except for Parent Options identified in Section
3.9(d) of the Parent Disclosure Letter); (iii) any instrument
convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other
security or (iv) any Equity Interest;
(e)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
amended or waived any of its rights under or approved the
acceleration of vesting under any provision of: (i) any Parent
Stock Plan; (ii) any Parent Option or any Contract evidencing or
relating to any Parent Option; (iii) any restricted stock purchase
agreement; or (iv) any other Contract evidencing or relating to any
equity award (whether payable in cash or stock);
(f)
there has been no amendment to the
Parent Certificate or Parent By-laws, and Parent has not effected
or been a party to any merger, consolidation, share
exchange,
13
business combination,
recapitalization, reclassification of shares, reorganization, stock
split, reverse stock split, plan of complete or partial
liquidation, dissolution, restructuring or similar
transaction;
(g)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
formed any Subsidiary other than Merger Sub or acquired any Equity
Interest or other interest in any other person;
(h)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has:
(i) lent money to any person; (ii) incurred, assumed or guaranteed
any indebtedness for borrowed money; (iii) issued or sold any debt
securities or options, warrants, calls or other rights to acquire
any debt securities; (iv) assumed or guaranteed any indebtedness or
other obligations of any other person; or (v) made any capital
expenditure or commitment in excess of $100,000;
(i)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has:
(i) adopted, established or entered into any Parent Benefit Plan;
(ii) caused or permitted any Parent Benefit Plan to be amended
other than as required by Law; or (iii) paid any bonus or made any
profit-sharing or similar payment to, or increased the amount of
the wages, salary, commissions, fringe benefits or other
compensation or remuneration payable to, any of its directors or
employees;
(j)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
changed any of its methods of accounting or accounting practices in
any material respect;
(k)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
made any material Tax election, filed any material amendment to any
Tax Return, entered into any tax allocation agreement, tax sharing
agreement, tax indemnity agreement or closing agreement relating to
any material Tax, surrendered any right to claim a material Tax
refund, or consented to any extension or waiver of the statute of
limitations period applicable to any material Tax claim or
assessment;
(l)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
commenced or settled any Legal Proceeding;
(m)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
entered into any material transaction outside the ordinary course
of business;
(n)
Neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
sold, leased or otherwise irrevocably disposed of any of its assets
or properties, nor has any security interest or other Encumbrance
been created in such assets or properties, except in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practices;
(o)
there has been no amendment or early
termination of any Parent Material Contract;
(p)
there has been no (i) material
change in pricing or royalties set or charged by Parent to its
customers or licensees, (ii) agreement by Parent to change pricing
or royalties set or charged by persons who have licensed
Intellectual Property to Parent, or
14
(iii) as of the date of this
Agreement, material change in pricing or royalties set or charged
by persons who have licensed Intellectual Property to Parent;
and
(q)
neither Parent nor Merger Sub has
negotiated, agreed or committed to take any of the actions referred
to in clauses (c) through (p) above (other than negotiations
between the parties to enter into this Agreement).
3.10.
Labor and Other Employment
Matters . Parent
has identified in Section 3.10 of the Parent Disclosure Letter and
has made available to the Company true and complete copies of (A)
all severance and employment agreements and other compensation
arrangements with directors, officers or employees of or
consultants to Parent, (B) all severance programs and policies of
Parent with or relating to its employees, and (C) all plans,
programs, agreements and other arrangements of Parent with or
relating to its directors, officers, employees or consultants which
contain change in control provisions.
3.11.
Tax Treatment.
None of Parent, Merger Sub or, to
the knowledge of Parent, any of Parent’s affiliates has
taken, has agreed to take, or will take any action that would
prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. Parent is not aware of any
agreement, plan or other circumstance that would prevent the Merger
from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of Section
368(a) of the Code.
3.12.
Contracts . Except as set forth in the Parent SEC
Filings or in Section 3.12 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, neither
Parent nor Merger Sub is a party to any agreement, contract or
commitment (i) that is a “material contract” as defined
in Section 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC,
(ii) that involves payment or receipt by Parent under any such
agreement, contract or commitment of $100,000 or more in the
aggregate or obligations after the date of this Agreement in excess
of $100,000 in the aggregate, (iii) that is material to the
business or operations of Parent or (iv) the termination of which
would have a Material Adverse Effect. As of the date hereof,
each Contract of the type described in this Section 3.12, whether
or not set forth in Section 3.12 of Parent Disclosure Letter, is
referred to herein as a “ Parent Material Contract
.” Each Parent Material Contract is valid and binding
on Parent or Merger Sub, as the case may be and, to Parent’s
knowledge, each other party thereto, and in full force and effect,
and each of Parent and Merger Sub, as applicable, has in all
respects performed all obligations required to be performed by it
prior to the date hereof under each Parent Material Contract and,
to Parent’s knowledge, each other party to each Parent
Material Contract has in all respects performed all obligations
required to be performed by it under such Parent Material Contract,
except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. As of the date hereof, Parent has
not received any written notice or other indication of the intent
of the other party to amend, terminate or breach its obligations
under any Parent Material Contract or any written notice of any
violation or default under (or any condition which with the passage
of time or the giving of notice would cause such a violation of or
default under) any Parent Material Contract.
3.13.
Litigation.
Except as set forth in Section 3.13
of the Parent Disclosure Letter and as and to the extent disclosed
in the Parent SEC Filings filed prior to the date of this Agreement
or as would not, individually or in the aggregate have a Material
Adverse Effect, (a) there is no suit, claim, action, investigation
or other Legal Proceeding pending or, to the knowledge
of
15
Parent, threatened in writing
against Parent or Merger Sub for which Parent or Merger Sub is as
of the date hereof obligated to indemnify a third party and (b)
neither Parent nor Merger Sub is subject to any outstanding and
unsatisfied order, writ, injunction, decree or arbitration ruling,
award or other finding. There is no suit, claim, action,
investigation or other Legal Proceeding pending or, to the
knowledge of Parent, threatened in writing against Parent or Merger
Sub that, as of the date hereof, challenges the validity or
propriety, or seeks to prevent consummation of, the Merger or any
other transaction contemplated by this Agreement in connection
therewith.
3.14.
Intellectual
Property.
(a)
Parent or Merger Sub owns, or is
licensed under, all Parent Intellectual Property Rights, except for
any failure to own or have license rights under that would not have
a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)
Section 3.14(b) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter is an accurate, true and complete listing of all
Parent Registered Intellectual Property owned by Parent as of the
date hereof.
(c)
Section 3.14(c) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter accurately identifies, as of the date hereof, (i)
all Parent Registered Intellectual Property exclusively licensed to
Parent (other than any non-customized software that (A) is so
licensed solely in executable or object code form pursuant to a
non-exclusive, internal use software license and (B) is not
incorporated into, or used directly in the development or
manufacturing of, any of Parent’s product candidates) and
(ii) the corresponding Contracts pursuant to which such Parent
Registered Intellectual Property is licensed to Parent.
(d)
Section 3.14(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter accurately identifies, as of the date hereof,
each Contract pursuant to which any person has been granted any
commercial, non-academic, license under, or otherwise has received
or acquired any commercial, non-academic right (whether or not
currently exercisable) or interest in, any Parent Intellectual
Property Rights.
(e)
Parent exclusively owns all right,
title, and interest to and in Parent Intellectual Property Rights
(other than Parent Intellectual Property Rights licensed to Parent,
as identified in Section 3.14(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter)
free and clear of any Encumbrances (other than licenses granted
pursuant to the Contracts listed in Section 3.14(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter). Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, as of the date hereof:
(i)
To the knowledge of Parent, all
documents and instruments necessary to register or apply for or
renew registration of Parent Registered Intellectual Property have
been validly executed, delivered, and filed in a timely manner with
the appropriate Governmental Entity.
(ii)
Each person who is or was an
employee of Parent and who is or was involved in the creation or
development of any Parent Intellectual Property Rights has signed a
valid, enforceable agreement containing an obligation to assign
Intellectual Property to Parent and confidentiality provisions
protecting trade secrets and confidential
16
information of Parent. No current or
former stockholder, officer, director, or employee of Parent has
any claim, right (whether or not currently exercisable), or
interest to or in any Parent Intellectual Property Rights. To the
knowledge of Parent, no employee of Parent is (a) bound by or
otherwise subject to any Contract restricting him or her from
performing his or her duties for Parent or (b) in breach of any
Contract with any former employer or other person concerning Parent
Intellectual Property Rights or confidentiality provisions
protecting trade secrets and confidential information in Parent
Intellectual Property Rights.
(iii)
Parent has taken reasonable steps to
maintain the confidentiality of and otherwise protect and enforce
its rights in all proprietary information that Parent holds, or
purports to hold, as a trade secret.
(iv)
Parent has not assigned or otherwise
transferred ownership of, or agreed to assign or otherwise transfer
ownership of, any Parent Intellectual Property Rights to any other
person.
(v)
Parent is not now nor has it ever
been a member or promoter of, or a contributor to, any industry
standards body or similar organization that could require or
obligate Parent to grant or offer to any other person any license
or right to any Parent Intellectual Property Rights.
(f)
Parent has delivered, or made
available to the Company, a complete and accurate copy of all
Parent Intellectual Property Rights Agreements. The execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby will not constitute a breach
of any Parent Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, will not
cause the forfeiture or termination of or Encumbrance upon, or give
rise to a right of forfeiture or termination of or Encumbrance
upon, any Parent Intellectual Property Rights or impair the right
of Parent to use, sell or license any Parent Intellectual Property
Rights or portion thereof, except for the occurrence of any such
breach, forfeiture, termination or impairment that would not
individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse
Effect. With respect to each of the Parent Intellectual Property
Rights Agreements, as of the date hereof: (i) each such agreement
is valid and binding on Parent and in full force and effect; (ii)
Parent has not received any notice of termination or cancellation
under such agreement, or received any notice of breach or default
under such agreement, which breach has not been cured or waived;
and (iii) Parent, and to the knowledge of Parent, any other party
to such agreement, is not in breach or default thereof in any
material respect.
(g)
To the knowledge of Parent, as of
the date hereof, no third party is violating any license or
agreement with Parent relating to any Parent Intellectual Property
Rights.
(h)
Except as set forth in Section
3.14(h) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, as of the date hereof,
there is no current, pending or, to the knowledge of Parent,
threatened challenge, claim or Legal Proceeding (including, but not
limited to, opposition, interference or other proceeding in any
patent or other government office) contesting the
17
validity, ownership or right to use,
sell, license or dispose of any Parent Intellectual Property
Rights, nor has Parent or Merger Sub received any written notice
asserting that any Parent Intellectual Property Rights or the
proposed use, sale, license or disposition thereof conflicts with
or infringes or misappropriates or will conflict with or infringe
or misappropriate the rights of any other party.
(i)
Each item of Parent Intellectual
Property Rights that is Parent Registered Intellectual Property is
and at all times has been filed and maintained in compliance with
all applicable Laws and all filings, payments, and other actions
required to be made or taken to maintain such item of Parent
Registered Intellectual Property in full force and effect have been
made by the applicable deadline or permitted deadline extension,
except as would not, individually or in the aggregate have a
Material Adverse Effect. Except as may be set forth in the
Contracts listed in Section 3.14(c) or 3.14(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter, Parent has the right to apply for patent term
extension, patent term adjustment, or supplemental protection
certificate in all jurisdictions as to all patents included in the
Parent Registered Intellectual Property.
(j)
Except as may be set forth in the
Contracts listed in Section 3.14(c) or 3.14(d) of the Parent
Disclosure Letter: (i) neither Parent nor Merger Sub is bound by
any Contract to indemnify, defend, hold harmless, or reimburse any
other person with respect to any Intellectual Property
infringement, misappropriation, or similar claim and (ii) neither
Parent nor Merger Sub has ever assumed, or agreed to discharge or
otherwise take responsibility for, any existing or potential
liability of another person for infringement, misappropriation, or
violation of any Intellectual Property right.
3.15.
Regulatory
Compliance
(a)
None of Parent or Merger Sub or, to
the knowledge of Parent, any of their licensees or assigns of
Parent Intellectual Property Rights has received any written notice
that the FDA, EMEA or any other similar Governmental Entity has
initiated, or threatened to initiate, any action to suspend any
clinical trial, suspend or terminate any Investigational New Drug
Application (or foreign counterpart thereto) sponsored by Parent or
otherwise restrict the preclinical research on or clinical study of
any Parent product or any biological or drug product being
developed by any licensee or assignee of Parent Intellectual
Property Rights based on such Intellectual Property, or to recall,
suspend or otherwise restrict the manufacture of any Parent
product.
(b)
There are no proceedings pending
with respect to a violation by Parent of the FDCA, FDA regulations
adopted thereunder or any other similar legislation or regulation
promulgated by the EMEA or any other Governmental
Entity.
18
3.16.
Taxes.
Each of Parent and Merger Sub has
duly and timely filed with the appropriate Tax authorities or other
Governmental Entities all Tax Returns required to be filed, except
where failure to so file would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. All such Tax Returns are
complete and accurate in all respects, except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
All Taxes shown as due on such Tax Returns have been timely
paid.
3.17.
Opinion of Financial
Advisor. Lazard
Frères & Co. LLC has delivered to the Parent Board its
opinion to the effect that, as of the date of such opinion, the
Exchange Ratio is fair, from a financial point of view, to
Parent.
3.18.
Vote Required.
The affirmative vote of (a) the
holders of a majority of the shares of Parent Common Stock voting
at the Parent Stockholders Meeting in favor of (i) the approval of
the issuance of the shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the
Merger (the “ Parent Stock Issuance ”) and (ii)
the approval of an increase by no more than 2,800,000 in the number
of shares of Parent Common Stock available for issuance pursuant to
awards under the Parent 2004 Plan (the “ Parent Plan
Increase ”) are the only votes of the holders of any
class or series of capital stock or other Equity Interests of
Parent necessary to approve each of the Parent Stock Issuance and
the Parent Plan Increase (collectively, the “ Parent
Stockholder Approval ”).
3.19.
Ownership of Merger Sub; No Prior
Activities. Merger
Sub is a direct wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent. Merger Sub
has not conducted any activities other than in connection with the
organization of Merger Sub, the negotiation and execution of this
Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby. Merger Sub has no Subsidiaries.
3.20.
Transactions with
Affiliates. Except
as set forth in the Parent SEC Filings filed prior to the date of
this Agreement, during the period commencing on the date of the
Parent’s last proxy statement filed with the SEC through the
date of this Agreement, no event has occurred that would be
required to be reported by the Parent pursuant to Item 404 of
Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.
3.21.
Inapplicability of Anti-takeover
Statutes . The Parent
Board has taken and will take all actions necessary to ensure that
the restrictions applicable to business combinations contained in
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law are, and will
be, inapplicable to the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and to the consummation of the Merger. No other
state takeover statute or similar legal requirement applies or
purports to apply to the Merger, this Agreement, the Parent Support
Agreement or any of the other transactions contemplated
hereby.
3.22.
Disclosure.
None of the information supplied or
to be supplied by or on behalf of Parent for inclusion or
incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement or Joint
Proxy Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the Registration
Statement is filed with the SEC or at the time the Registration
Statement becomes effective under the Securities Act, contain an
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make
the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which
they are made, not misleading. None of the information supplied by
or on behalf of Parent for inclusion in the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus will, at the time the Joint Proxy
19
Statement/Prospectus is mailed to
the stockholders of Parent or at the time of the Parent
Stockholders Meeting (or any adjournment or postponement thereof),
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. No
representation or warranty is made by Parent with respect to
statements made in the Registration Statement or the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus based upon information supplied by any party
other than Parent for inclusion in the Registration Statement or
the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
3.23.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act And
International Trade Sanctions . None of Parent, Merger Sub or any of
their directors, officers, agents, employees or any other persons
acting on its behalf has, in connection with the operation of its
business, (a) used any corporate or other funds for unlawful
contributions, payments, gifts or entertainment, or made any
unlawful expenditures relating to political activity, to government
officials, candidates or members of political parties or
organizations, or established or maintained any unlawful or
unrecorded funds in violation of Section 104 of the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any other similar applicable
foreign, Federal or state Law, (b) paid, accepted or received or
any unlawful contributions, payments, expenditures or gifts or (c)
violated or operated in noncompliance with any export restrictions,
anti-boycott regulations, embargo regulations or other applicable
domestic or foreign Laws, except, in the case of clauses (a), (b)
and (c), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company hereby represents and
warrants to Parent as follows, except as set forth in the written
disclosure letter delivered by the Company on the date hereof to
Parent (the “ Company Disclosure Letter ”). The
Company Disclosure Letter shall be arranged in sections and
subsections corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections and
subsections contained in this Article IV. The disclosures in any
section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter shall
qualify other sections and subsections in this Article IV to the
extent it is reasonably clear from a reading of the disclosure that
such disclosure is applicable to such other sections and
subsections. The inclusion of any information in the Company
Disclosure Letter (or any update thereto) shall not be deemed to be
an admission or acknowledgment, in and of itself, that such
information is required by the terms hereof to be disclosed, is
material, has resulted in or would result in a Material Adverse
Effect, or is outside the ordinary course of business.
4.1.
Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries . The
Company is duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the State of Florida. FermaVir Research,
Inc. (“ FRI ”) is duly incorporated, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries (a) has
all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and
operate its property and to carry on its business as now being
conducted and (b) is duly qualified to do business and in good
standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the
failure to be so qualified would have a Material Adverse
Effect. Section 4.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a true and complete list of all of the Subsidiaries of the
Company and their jurisdiction of incorporation.
20
Except for the Company’s
Equity Interest in FRI, the Company does not hold an Equity
Interest in any other person.
4.2.
Articles of Incorporation and
By-laws; Corporate Books and Records . The copies of (a) the Company’s
articles of incorporation (the “ Company Articles
”) including all amendments thereto that are listed as
exhibits to the Company’s Form SB-2 filed on June 15, 2004
and the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 19, 2005 and (b)
the Company’s By-laws (the “ Company By-laws
”), that are listed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on
August 19, 2005 are complete and correct copies thereof as in
effect on the date hereof. The Company is not in violation of
any of the provisions of the Company Articles or the Company
By-laws. The minute books of the Company made available to
counsel for Parent are the only minute books of the Company and
contain accurate summaries, in all material respects, of all
meetings of directors (or committees thereof) and shareholders or
actions by written consent since the time of incorporation of the
Company. The Company has provided to Parent complete and
correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws or
the equivalent thereof of each Subsidiary of the
Company.
4.3.
Capitalization.
(a)
The authorized capital stock of the
Company consists of 120,000,000 shares of capital stock divided
into 100,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, $.0001 par value
per share, and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.001 par
value per share (“ Company Preferred Stock
”). As of the date hereof, (A) 20,853,231 shares of
Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding, all of which were
validly issued and fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive
rights and (B) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued and
outstanding.
(b)
As of the date hereof, except for
Company Options to purchase 2,411,000 shares of Company Common
Stock, warrants to purchase 10,776,477 shares of Company Common
Stock (the “ Company Warrants ”) and the
warrants set forth in Section 4.3(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, there were no options, warrants or other rights,
agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound relating to the issued
or unissued capital stock or other Equity Interests of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for such capital stock or other Equity Interests, or
obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue or sell
any shares of its capital stock or other Equity Interests, or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for such capital stock
of, or other Equity Interests in, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries. Section 4.3(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter
sets forth (i) a true and complete list, as of the date hereof, of
all Company Options outstanding under the Company Option Plans, the
prices at which such outstanding Company Options may be exercised
and the vesting schedule of the Company Options and (ii) a true and
complete list, as of the date hereof, of all Company Warrants and
the prices at which such Company Warrants may be exercised.
All Company Common Stock subject to issuance under the Company
Option Plans and all Company Common Stock subject to issuance under
the Company Warrants, upon issuance prior to the Effective Time on
the terms and conditions specified in the
21
instruments pursuant to which they
are issuable, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid,
nonassessable and free of preemptive rights.
(c)
Each outstanding share of capital
stock of each Subsidiary of the Company is duly authorized, validly
issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights and
is owned, beneficially and of record, by the Company free and clear
of all security interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights
of first refusal, agreements, limitations on the Company’s
voting rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature
whatsoever. As of the date hereof, except as disclosed in the
Company SEC Filings or Section 4.3(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, there are no outstanding contractual obligations of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (A) restricting the transfer of,
(B) affecting the voting rights of, (C) requiring the repurchase,
redemption or disposition of, or containing any right of first
refusal with respect to, (D) requiring the registration for sale
of, or (E) granting any preemptive or antidilutive right with
respect to, any Company Common Stock or any other capital stock of,
or other Equity Interests in, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries. There are no outstanding contractual
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to provide
funds to, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital
contribution or otherwise) in, any of its Subsidiaries or any other
person.
(d)
The Company does not have
outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes, or other obligations the
holders of which have the right to vote (or convertible into or
exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the
shareholders of the Company on any matter. The Company has not
adopted a shareholder rights plan or any similar plan or agreement
that limits or impairs the ability to purchase, or become the
direct or indirect beneficial owner of any Equity Interest in the
Company.
(e)
Except as set forth in Section
4.3(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter, none of the Merger or
other transactions contemplated hereby will result in an
acceleration of vesting, or modification of vesting terms, with
respect to any Company Options.
4.4.
Authority.
The Company has all necessary
corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by
the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly
and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action and no
other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company and no
shareholder votes are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to
consummate the transactions contemplated hereby other than as
provided in Section 4.22. This Agreement has been duly
authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and
constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company,
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer,
reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles.
22
4.5.
No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents.
(a)
The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by the Company does not, and the performance of this
Agreement by the Company will not, (A) conflict with or violate any
provision of the Company Articles or the Company By-laws (assuming
the Company Stockholder Approval is obtained), (B) (assuming that
all consents, approvals, authorizations and permits described in
Section 4.5(b) have been obtained and all filings and notifications
described in Section 4.5(b) have been made and any waiting periods
thereunder have terminated or expired) conflict with or violate any
Law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by
which any property or asset of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is bound or affected or (C) (assuming that all
consents, approvals, authorizations and permits described in
Section 4.5(b) have been obtained and all filings and notifications
described in Section 4.5(b) have been made and any waiting periods
thereunder have terminated or expired) require any consent or
approval under, result in any breach of or any loss of any benefit
under, constitute a change of control or default (or an event which
with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under
or give to others any right of termination, vesting, amendment,
acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a
lien or other Encumbrance on any property or asset of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any Contract, Company
Permit or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or
by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is affected,
except, with respect to clauses (B) and (C), for any such
conflicts, violations, consents, approvals, breaches, losses,
defaults or other occurrences that would not, individually or in
the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)
The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by the Company does not, and the performance of this
Agreement by the Company will not, require any consent, approval,
authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any
Governmental Entity or any other person, except (A) the consents
and approvals set forth in Section 4.5(b) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, (B) under the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, applicable
Blue Sky Law, the HSR Act and the rules and regulations of The
NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. relative to companies listed on the Over
the Counter Bulletin Board, (C) the filing and recordation of the
Articles of Merger as required by the FBCA and the filing and
recordation of the Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL
and (D) where failure to obtain such consents, approvals,
authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or
notifications, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect.
4.6.
Permits; Compliance With
Law. The Company
and each of its Subsidiaries is in possession of all
authorizations, licenses, permits, certificates, approvals and
clearances of any Governmental Entity (collectively, “
Company Permits ”), including all Company Permits
under the FDCA and the regulations of the FDA promulgated
thereunder and the regulations of the EMEA, necessary for it to
own, lease or operate its properties and other assets and to carry
on its business and operations as presently conducted and all such
Company Permits are valid, and in full force and effect, except
where the failure to have or the suspension or cancellation of, or
failure to be valid or in full force and effect of, any of Company
Permits would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. No action, proceeding, revocation
proceeding, amendment procedure, writ, injunction or claim is
pending or, to the knowledge of
23
the Company, threatened, which seeks
to revoke or limit any Company Permit. None of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is in conflict with, or in default or
violation of, (x) any Law applicable to it or by which any of its
properties or assets is bound or affected or (y) any Company
Permits, except, in each case, for such conflicts, defaults or
violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. No investigation, review or other
Legal Proceeding by any Governmental Entity is pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company, nor has
any Governmental Entity indicated to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries an intention to conduct the same that would,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect.
4.7.
SEC Filings; Financial
Statements.
(a)
The Company has filed or furnished
all forms, reports, proxy statements, schedules and documents
required to be filed or furnished by it under the Securities Act or
the Exchange Act since October 12, 2004 (collectively, the “
Company SEC Filings ”). Each Company SEC Filing
(including, without limitation, any financial statements or
schedules included or incorporated by reference therein) (A) as of
the time it was filed, complied in all material respects with the
requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as
applicable, and (B) did not, at the time it was filed, contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make
the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The appropriate
officers of the Company have made the certifications required by
Sections 302 and 906 of, and the Company has complied in all
material respects with, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as applicable to
it.
(b)
Each of the consolidated financial
statements (including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained
in the Company SEC Filings was prepared in accordance with GAAP
applied (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto and, in
the case of unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements,
as permitted by Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC
and the instructions to Form 10-QSB under the Exchange Act) on a
consistent basis throughout the periods indicated (except as may be
indicated in the notes thereto), and each presented fairly in all
material respects the financial position, results of operations and
cash flows of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the respective
dates thereof and for the respective periods indicated therein
(subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end
adjustments that would not be material in amount). The books and
records of the Company have been maintained in accordance with
applicable material legal and accounting requirements.
(c)
Except as set forth in Section
4.7(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter and as and to the extent
set forth on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of
January 31, 2007 included in the Company’s Form 10-QSB for
the quarter ended January 31, 2007 filed on March 26, 2007,
including the notes thereto, the Company has no liabilities or
obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or
otherwise) that would be required to be reflected on a balance
sheet or in notes thereto prepared in accordance with GAAP, except
for normal year-end adjustments and liabilities or obligations
incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practices since January 31, 2007.
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(d)
The Company maintains adequate
disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable
assurance that material information required to be disclosed in the
reports that the Company files or submit pursuant to the Exchange
Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the
time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that
such information is accumulated and communicated to the
Company’s management, including its chief executive officer
and chief financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Except as disclosed in the Company SEC
Filings, there are no (i) significant deficiencies or material
weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect
in any material respect the Company’s ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial information and (ii) fraud,
or allegation of fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
(e)
The Company maintains a system of
internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable
assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii)
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset
accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management’s general or specific
authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is
compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and
appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Filings, as of January 31,
2007, the Company is not aware of any material deficiencies with
respect to its internal control over financial
reporting.
(f)
None of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to, nor does the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries have any commitment to become a party to, any joint
venture, partnership agreement or any similar Contract (including
any Contract relating to any transaction, arrangement or
relationship between or among the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries and any unconsolidated affiliate, including any
structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity or
person (such as any arrangement described in Section 303(a)(4) of
Regulation S-B promulgated by the SEC)) where the purpose or effect
of such arrangement is to avoid disclosure of any material
transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the
Company’s consolidated financial statements.
4.8.
Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker is
entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or
commission in connection with the Merger and the transactions
contemplated hereby based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
4.9.
Absence of Certain Changes or
Events. Since January 31,
2007, except as specifically contemplated by, or as disclosed in,
this Agreement, Section 4.9 of the Company Disclosure Letter or the
Company SEC Filings, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has
conducted its operations only in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice and:
(a)
there has not been any Material
Adverse Effect or an event or development that would, individually
or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;
25
(b)
there has not been any material
loss, damage or destruction to, or any material interruption in the
use of, any of the assets or business of the Company (whether or
not covered by insurance);
(c)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has: (i) declared, accrued, set aside or paid any
dividend or made any other distribution in respect of any shares of
capital stock; or (ii) repurchased, redeemed or otherwise
reacquired any Equity Interests or other securities;
(d)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has sold, issued or granted, or authorized the
issuance of, or amended the terms of: (i) any capital stock or
other security (except for shares of Company Common Stock issued
upon the valid exercise of outstanding Company Options and Company
Warrants); (ii) any option, warrant or right to acquire any capital
stock or any other security (except for Company Options identified
in Section 4.9(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter); (iii) any
instrument convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock
or other security or (iv) any Equity Interest;
(e)
the Company has not amended or
waived any of its rights under, and has not approved the
acceleration of vesting under any provision of: (i) any Company
Option Plan; (ii) any Company Option or any Contract evidencing or
relating to any Company Option; (iii) any restricted stock purchase
agreement; or (iv) any other Contract evidencing or relating to any
equity award (whether payable in cash or stock);
(f)
there has been no amendment to the
Company Articles or the Company By-laws, and none of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries has effected or been a party to any merger,
consolidation, share exchange, business combination,
recapitalization, reclassification of shares, reorganization, stock
split, reverse stock split, plan of complete or partial
liquidation, dissolution, restructuring or similar
transaction;
(g)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has formed any Subsidiary or acquired any Equity
Interest or other interest in any other person;
(h)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has: (i) lent money to any person; (ii) incurred,
assumed or guaranteed any indebtedness for borrowed money; (iii)
issued or sold any debt securities or options, warrants, calls or
other rights to acquire any debt securities; (iv) assumed or
guaranteed any indebtedness or other obligations of any other
person; or (v) made any capital expenditure or commitment in excess
of $50,000;
(i)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has: (i) adopted, established or entered into any
Company Benefit Plan; (ii) caused or permitted any Company Benefit
Plan to be amended other than as required by Law; or (iii) paid any
bonus or made any profit-sharing or similar payment to, or
increased the amount of the wages, salary, commissions, fringe
benefits or other compensation or remuneration payable to, any of
its directors or employees;
(j)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has changed any of its methods of accounting or
accounting practices in any material respect;
26
(k)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has made any material Tax election, filed any material
amendment to any Tax Return, entered into any tax allocation
agreement, tax sharing agreement, tax indemnity agreement or
closing agreement relating to any material Tax, surrendered any
right to claim a material Tax refund, or consented to any extension
or waiver of the statute of limitations period applicable to any
material Tax claim or assessment;
(l)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has commenced or settled any Legal
Proceeding;
(m)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has entered into any material transaction outside the
ordinary course of business;
(n)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has sold, leased or otherwise irrevocably disposed of
any of its assets or properties, nor has any security interest or
other Encumbrance been created in such assets or properties, except
in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practices;
(o)
there has been no amendment or early
termination of any Company Material Contract;
(p)
there has been no (i) material
change in pricing or royalties set or charged by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries to its customers or licensees, (ii) agreements
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to change pricing or
royalties set or charged by persons who have licensed Intellectual
Property to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) as of
the date of this Agreement, material change in pricing or royalties
set or charged by persons who have licensed Intellectual Property
to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; and
(q)
none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has negotiated, agreed or committed to take any of the
actions referred to in clauses (c) through (p) above (other than
negotiations between the parties to enter into this
Agreement).
4.10.
Employee Benefit
Plans.
(a)
Section 4.10(a) of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth a correct, accurate and complete list
of each Employee Benefit Plan which is now, or was within the past
six years, maintained, sponsored or contributed to by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or under which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has, or has had within the past six years, any
obligation or liability, whether actual or contingent. Each
Employee Benefit Plan listed in such section of the Company
Disclosure Letter is hereinafter referred to as a “
Company Benefit Plan ”.
(b)
With respect to each Company Benefit
Plan, the Company has delivered or made available to Parent
correct, accurate and complete copies of (A) all written documents
comprising or relating to such plan (including amendments,
individual agreements, investment management agreements, service
agreements, trust agreements, insurance contracts and other funding
agreements), and in the case of an unwritten
27
Company Benefit Plan, a written
description thereof, (B) all material communications and summaries
pertaining to such plan which have been provided to participants
and the current summary plan description, if any is required by
Law, including any summary of material modifications thereto, (C)
the annual reports, if any, for the three most recent years
required to be filed, (D) the most recent actuarial report and
audited financial statement, if any, (E) the most recent
determination, opinion, advisory or notification letter, if any,
which has been issued by the IRS or other Governmental Entity and
which covers such plan, (F) any employee handbook which includes a
description of such plan, and (G) all filings made with any
Governmental Entity to correct any failure with respect to such
plan.
(c)
Except as set forth in Section
4.10(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter, no Company Benefit Plan,
and no Employee Benefit Plan which has ever been maintained,
administered, sponsored or contributed to by the Company or any
Company ERISA Affiliate, is or ever was (A) a “defined
benefit plan”, as defined in Section 414 of the Code, a
“multiemployer plan”, as defined in Section 3(37) of
ERISA, a “multiple employer plan”, as described in
Section 413(c) of the Code or a “multiple employer welfare
arrangement”, as defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA, (B)
subject to the funding requirements of Section 302 of ERISA or
Section 412 of the Code, (C) subject to Title IV of ERISA, (D) a
“voluntary employees’ beneficiary association”
within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9) of the Code, or (E)
established or maintained outside of the United States or a plan or
arrangement which provides benefits to non-resident aliens (with
respect to the U.S.) with no U.S. source income.
(d)
Each Company Benefit Plan has been
administered in all material respects in accordance with its terms
and all applicable Laws. All contributions required to be
made to, or with respect to, any Company Benefit Plan as of the
date of this Agreement by the terms of such plan, by contract or
under applicable Law have been timely and fully made or, if not yet
due, have been properly reflected on the Company’s balance
sheet filed or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Filings
prior to the date hereof. All payments required to be made
by, or with respect to, any Company Benefit Plan as of the date of
this Agreement by the terms of such plan, by contract or under
applicable Law have been timely and fully made. Except as set
forth in Section 4.10(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter, with
respect to each Company Benefit Plan which is funded (or is
required to be funded), the value of the assets of such plan are at
least equal to the liabilities of such plan. There have been
no material violations of any reporting or disclosure requirements
under any applicable Law with respect to any Company Benefit Plan,
including any requirement to file notices, returns, reports and
similar documents with any Governmental Entity or to provide
notices, returns, reports and similar documents to any participant.
The Company has no unpaid material liability (other than for
routine contributions or benefit payments), or any unpaid material
penalty or tax, with respect to any Company Benefit Plan or other
Employee Benefit Plan, and no event, omission or error has occurred
and, to the knowledge of the Company there exists no condition or
set of circumstances, which could cause the Company to become
subject to any such material liability, penalty or tax.
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(e)
All co