EXHIBIT 2.1
EXECUTION
VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
BY AND AMONG
CNET NETWORKS, INC.,
CHEESE ACQUISITION SUB, INC.,
TWOFOLD PHOTOS, INC.,
and
NICHOLAS WILDER
as
SHAREHOLDER REPRESENTATIVE
DATED AS OF JULY 14, 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Section 1.1
Certain Defined
Terms
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2
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Section 2.1
The
Merger
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11
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Section 2.2
Effective
Time
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12
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Section 2.3
Effect of the
Merger
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12
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Section 2.4
Articles of
Incopriation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation
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12
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Section 2.5
Board of Directors
and Officers of the Surviving Corporation
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12
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Section 2.6
Conversion of
Securities
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12
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Section 2.7
Distribution of
Consideration
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14
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Section 2.8
Payment of Deferred
Consideration
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14
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Section 2.9
No Further
Ownership Rights in Shares of Company Stock
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15
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Section 2.10
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates
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15
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Section 2.11
Closing Consideration
Exhibit
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15
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Section 2.12
Dissenting
Shares
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15
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Section 2.13
Withholding
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16
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Section 2.14
Closing
Adjustment
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16
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ARTICLE
3. Closing Deliveries
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18
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Section 3.1
Closing
Deliveries
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18
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ARTICLE
4. Representations and Warranties of the
Company
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19
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Section 4.1 Organization
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19
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Section
4.2 Capitalization
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20
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Section 4.3 Subsidiaries
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21
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Section 4.4 Authority;
No Violation
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21
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Section 4.5 Consents
and Approvals
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22
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Section 4.6 Financial
Statments
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22
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Section
4.8 Intellectual
Property
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23
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Section 4.9 Employee
Benefit Matters
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29
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Section 4.10 Labor
and Other Employment Matters
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32
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Section 4.11 Tax
Matters
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33
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Section 4.12 Legal
Proceedings
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36
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Section 4.13 Compliance
with Applicable Law
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36
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Section 4.14 Environmental
Matters
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36
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Section 4.15 Properties
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37
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Section 4.16 Insurance
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37
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Section
4.17 No Broker
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37
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Section
4.18 Absence of Certain
Changes or Events
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38
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Section 4.19 Sufficiency
of and Title to Assets
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39
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Section
4.20 Potential Conflicts
of Interest
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39
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Section
4.21 Transactions with
Affiliates
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39
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Section
4.22 Governmental
Regulation
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40
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Section
4.23 No Loss of
Customers
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40
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Section
4.25 Books and
Records
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40
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Section
4.26 Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act
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40
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Section
4.27 Material
Misstatements and Omissions
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40
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ARTICLE
5. Representations and Warranties of Buyer and Merger
Sub
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41
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Section 5.1
Organization
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41
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Section 5.2
Authority;
No Violation
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41
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Section 5.3
Consents
and Approvals
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42
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Section 5.5
Merger
Consideration
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42
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Section 5.6
Financial
Statements; Liabilities
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42
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Section 5.7
Board
Approval; No Stockholder Approval Required
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43
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ARTICLE
6. Covenants and Additional Agreements
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43
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Section 6.1
Conduct
of Business
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43
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Section 6.2
Confidentiality
and Announcements
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45
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Section 6.3
Access
by Buyer
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46
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Section 6.4
Notification
of Certain Matters
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46
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Section 6.5
Acquisition
Proposals
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46
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Section 6.6
Company
Shareholder Approval; Shareholder Meeting
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47
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Section 6.7
Takeover
Statutes
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47
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Section 6.8
Further
Assurances
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47
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Section 6.9
Employee
Matters
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48
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Section 6.11
Director and
Officer Liability
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49
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Section 6.12
Contracts
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50
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ARTICLE 7.
Tax Matters
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50
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Section 7.1
Section
338(h)(10) Election
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50
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Section 7.2
Tax
Periods Ending on or before the Closing Date
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51
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Section 7.3
Tax
Periods Beginning Before and Ending After the Closing
Date
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51
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Section 7.4
Cooperation
on Tax Matters
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52
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Section 7.5
Certain
Taxes
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52
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Section 7.6
Characterization
of Payments
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52
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Section 7.7
Carrybacks
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52
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ARTICLE
8. Conditions To Obligations
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53
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Section 8.1
Conditions
to Each Party's Obligations to Effect the Merger
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53
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Section 8.2
Conditions
to the Company's Obligations to Effect the Merger
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53
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Section 8.3
Conditions
to the Obligations of Buyer and Merger Sub to Effect the
Merger
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54
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ARTICLE
9. Termination
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55
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Section 9.1
Termination
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55
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Section 9.2
Effect
of Termination
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56
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ARTICLE 10.
Indemnification
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56
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Section 10.1
Survival of
Represenations, Warranties and Covenants
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56
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Section 10.2
Indemnification
by the Shareholders
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57
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Section 10.3
Indemnification
by Buyer
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59
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Section 10.4
Procedures
for Third-Party Claims
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59
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Section 10.5
Termination
of Indemnification Obligations
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60
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Section 10.6
Limitations
on Indemnity; Maximum Liability
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61
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Section 10.8
Shareholder
Representative
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61
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ARTICLE
11. Miscellaneous
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63
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Section 11.1
Entire
Agreement
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63
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Section 11.2
Interpretation
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63
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Section 11.3
Severability
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63
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Section 11.5
Binding
Effect; Persons Benefiting; No Assignment
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64
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Section 11.6
Counterparts
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64
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Section 11.7
Waiver of
Jury Trial
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65
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Section 11.8
Governing
Law
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65
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Section 11.9
Consent to
Jurisdiction
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65
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Section 11.10
Attorneys'
Fees
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65
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Exhibit
A
List of Majority Shareholders
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Exhibit
B
Form of Majority Shareholder Written Consent
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Exhibit
C
Form of Key Employee Employment Agreement
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Exhibit
D
Form of Non-Competition Agreement
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Exhibit
E
Form of Voting Agreement
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Exhibit
F
Form of Robinson Employment Agreement
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Exhibit
G
Form of Certificate of Merger
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Exhibit
H
Matters to be Set Forth in Opinion of Heller Ehrman White &
McAuliffe LLP
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Exhibit
I
Form of Securityholder Agreement
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THIS
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of July 14, 2004 (this
“ Agreement ”), is made by and among CNET
Networks, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Buyer
”), Cheese Acquisition Sub, Inc., a California corporation
and a wholly owned subsidiary of Buyer (“Merger Sub
”), Twofold Photos, Inc., a California corporation (the
“ Company ”) and Nicholas Wilder, as Shareholder
Representative.
WHEREAS,
each of the boards of directors of Merger Sub and the Company has
approved and declared advisable the merger of Merger Sub with and
into the Company (the “ Merger ”) upon the terms
and subject to the conditions of this Agreement and in accordance
with the Corporations Code of the State of California (the “
CCC ”);
WHEREAS,
each of the boards of directors of Buyer, Merger Sub and the
Company has determined that the Merger is in furtherance of and
consistent with their respective business strategies and is in the
best interest of their respective stockholders and shareholders, as
the case may be, and the board of directors of the Company intends
to recommend that the Shareholders (as defined herein) approve the
Merger;
WHEREAS,
immediately after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and
as a condition to Buyer’s and Merger Sub’s willingness
to enter into this Agreement, each of the shareholders of the
Company set forth on Exhibit A hereto (the “
Majority Shareholders ”), will deliver their written
consent in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the
“ Majority Shareholder Written Consent”),
pursuant to which the Majority Shareholders will approve this
Agreement and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby;
WHEREAS,
contemporaneously herewith, as a condition and an inducement to
Buyer and Merger Sub’s willingness to enter into this
Agreement, each Key Employee (as defined herein) has entered into a
Key Employee Employment Agreement with Buyer, each to become
effective upon the Closing (as defined herein) and substantially in
the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (collectively, the
“ Key Employee Employment Agreements
”);
WHEREAS,
contemporaneously herewith, as a condition and an inducement to
Buyer and Merger Sub’s willingness to enter into this
Agreement, each Key Employee has entered into a Non-Competition
Agreement with Buyer, each to become effective upon the Closing and
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D
(collectively, the “ Non-Competition Agreements
”); and
WHEREAS,
contemporaneously herewith, as a condition and an inducement to
Buyer and Merger Sub’s willingness to enter into this
Agreement, each Key Employee and Andrew Laakmann has entered into a
Voting Agreement with Buyer, each to become effective upon the
Closing and substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
E (collectively, the “ Voting Agreements
”).
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in
this Agreement and intending to be legally bound hereby, the
parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1.
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1 Certain Defined
Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall
have the following meanings:
“
401(k) Plan ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 6.10.2 of this Agreement.
“
Accounts Receivable ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 4.6.2 of this Agreement.
“
Acquisition Proposal ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 6.5 of this Agreement.
“
Affiliate ” shall mean any individual, partnership,
corporation, entity or other Person that directly, or indirectly
through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or
is under common control with the Person specified.
“
Aggregate Consideration ” shall mean Seventy Million
Dollars ($70,000,000) plus or minus the
adjustment made pursuant to Section 2.14.1 plus the
aggregate exercise price of the Company Options paid in cash
pursuant to Section 2.6.3(ii). No interest shall accrue with
respect to the foregoing amounts except with respect to the
Holdback Amount (as adjusted pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement).
“
Agreement ” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Preamble to this Agreement.
“
Ancillary Agreements ” shall mean the Key Employee
Employment Agreements, the Robinson Employment Agreement, the
Non-Competition Agreements and the Securityholder
Agreements.
“
Applicable Law ” shall mean any Law applicable to the
Company, any of the Shareholders, Buyer or Merger Sub or any of
their respective Affiliates, properties, assets, officers,
directors, employees or agents, as the case may be.
“
Benefit Arrangement ” shall mean any employment,
consulting, severance or other similar contract, arrangement or
policy (written or oral) and each plan, arrangement, program,
agreement or commitment (written or oral) providing for insurance
coverage (including, without limitation, any self-insured
arrangements), workers’ compensation, disability benefits,
supplemental unemployment benefits, vacation benefits, retirement
benefits, life, health or accident benefits (including, without
limitation, any “voluntary employees’ beneficiary
association” as defined in Section 501(c)(9) of the Code
providing for the same or other benefits) or for deferred
compensation, profit-sharing, bonuses, stock options, stock
appreciation rights, stock purchases or other forms of incentive
compensation or post-retirement insurance, compensation or benefits
which (a) is not a Welfare Plan, Pension Plan or Multiemployer
Plan, (b) is entered into, maintained, contributed to or required
to be contributed to, as the case may be, by the Company or any
ERISA Affiliate or under which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
may incur any liability, and (c) covers any employee or former
employee of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate.
“
Benefit Plan Enrollment Date ” shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 6.10.1 of this Agreement.
“
Business Day ” shall mean any day that is not a
Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which banks are required or
authorized by Law to be closed in the State of
California.
“
Buyer ” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Preamble to this Agreement.
“
Buyer Benefit Plan ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 6.10.1 of this Agreement.
“
Buyer Indemnitees ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 10.2.1 of this Agreement.
“
Buyer Financials ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 5.6.1 of this Agreement.
“
Buyer Material Adverse Effect ” shall mean any change,
event, occurrence or condition which has had, or could reasonably
be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material
adverse effect on the ability of Buyer or Merger Sub to complete
the Closing pursuant to the terms hereof or comply with its
respective material obligations hereunder.
“
Buyer SEC Reports ” shall mean all registration
statements, prospectuses, reports, schedules, forms, statements and
other documents (including exhibits and all other information
incorporated by reference) filed or required to be filed by Buyer
with the SEC.
“
CCC ” shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals
to this Agreement.
“
CERCLA ” shall mean the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 9601
et seq.
“
Certificate of Merger ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.2 of this Agreement.
“
Certificates ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.7.1 of this Agreement.
“
Closing ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.1.2 of this Agreement.
“
Closing Balance Sheet ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.14.2 of this Agreement.
“
Closing Balance Sheet Date ” shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 2.14.2 of this Agreement.
“
Closing Consideration Exhibit ” shall mean the exhibit
prepared and delivered by the Company to Buyer at Closing that sets
forth each Holder’s allocation of Aggregate Consideration and
each Holder’s allocation of Holdback Amount.
“
Closing Date ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.1.2 of this Agreement.
“
Closing Net Assets ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 2.14.2 of this Agreement.
“
COBRA ” shall mean the Consolidated Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended.
“
Code ” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended.
“
Common Stock ” shall mean the common stock, no par
value per share, of the Company.
“
Company ” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Preamble to this Agreement.
“
Company Assets ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.19 of this Agreement.
“
Company Business ” shall mean the business and
operations of the Company in the manner in which the same have been
conducted prior to the date hereof, are currently being conducted
and are currently proposed to be conducted, whether conducted by
the Company.
“
Company Business Employee ” shall mean any current or
former employee of the Company.
“
Company Business Independent Contractor ” shall mean
any current or former independent contractor of the
Company.
“
Company Disclosure Schedule ” shall have the meaning
set forth in the introduction to Article 4 of this
Agreement.
“
Company Dissenting Shares ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.12 of this Agreement.
“
Company Inbound License Agreement ” shall have the
meaning set forth in Section 4.8.6.1 of this Agreement.
“
Company Insurance Policies ” shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 4.16 of this Agreement.
“
Company Material Adverse Effect ” shall mean any
change, event, occurrence or condition which has had, or could
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a
material adverse effect on the business, assets, liabilities,
financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the
Company, taken as a whole, or on the ability of the Company to
complete the Closing pursuant to the terms hereof or comply with
its material obligations hereunder; provided ,
however , that in no event shall any change, event,
occurrence or condition resulting from compliance with the terms
and conditions of this Agreement, alone or in combination, be
deemed to constitute, nor shall such change, event, occurrence or
condition be taken into account in determining whether there has
been or will be, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
“
Company Option Plan ” shall mean the Company’s
2003 Common Stock Incentive Plan.
“
Company Options ” shall mean any and all options
issued by the Company to purchase shares of Common Stock under any
Company stock option plan or agreement.
“
Company Outbound License Agreement ” shall have the
meaning set forth in Section 4.8.6.2 of this Agreement.
“
Company Owned Copyrights ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 4.8.4.1 of this Agreement.
“
Company Policies ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.8.15.1 of this Agreement.
“
Company Stock ” shall mean the Common
Stock.
“
Company Transaction Expenses ” shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 6.11 of this Agreement.
“
Company’s Auditors ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.14.2 of this Agreement.
“
Content ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
4.8.7 of this Agreement.
“
Contracts ” shall mean all written or oral contracts,
agreements, evidences of indebtedness, guarantees, leases and
executory commitments to which the Company is a party or by which
any of the Company’s properties or assets are bound, or
otherwise related to the Company Business.
“
Copyrights ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.8.1 of this Agreement.
“
Court Order ” shall mean any judgment, decision,
consent decree, injunction, ruling or order of any federal, state
or local court or Governmental Authority that is binding on any
Person or its property under Applicable Law.
“
Daily Page Views ” shall mean the number of times any
and all webpages published by the Company are delivered to users on
a given day (and the same webpage may be delivered more than once
to the same or other users), as reasonably measured by the Company
in the ordinary course of its business consistent with its past
practice.
“
Daily Unique Users ” shall mean the number of users to
whom, on a given day, the Company has delivered any webpage
published by the Company, without counting the same user more than
once, as reasonably measured by the Company in the ordinary course
of its business consistent with its past practice.
“
Domain Names ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.8.1 of this Agreement.
“
Effective Time ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2 of this Agreement.
“
Employee Plans ” shall mean all Benefit Arrangements,
Multiemployer Plans, Pension Plans and Welfare Plans.
“
Encumbrance ” shall mean any lien, pledge, mortgage,
security interest, claim, charge, easement, limitation, commitment,
encroachment, restriction (other than a restriction on
transferability imposed by federal or state securities Laws) or
other encumbrance of any kind or nature whatsoever (whether
absolute or contingent).
“
Environmental Laws ” shall mean any and all federal,
state, local and foreign statutes, laws, regulations, ordinances or
rules in existence on the Closing Date relating to occupational
safety and health; the effect of the environment or Substances on
human health; or emissions, discharges or releases of Substances
into the environment, including, without limitation, ambient air,
surface water, groundwater or land; or otherwise relating to the
handling of Substances or the investigation, clean-up or other
remediation or analysis thereof.
“
Environmental Permit ” shall mean any permit,
approval, identification number, license and other authorization
required under any applicable Environmental Law.
“
ERISA ” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended.
“
ERISA Affiliate ” shall mean any entity which is (or
at any relevant time was) a member of a “controlled group of
corporations” with, under “common control” with,
or a member of an “affiliated service group” with, or
otherwise required to be aggregated with, the Company as set forth
in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code.
“
Estimated Balance Sheet ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.14.1 of this Agreement.
“
Estimated Net Assets ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.14.1 of this Agreement.
“
Exchange Act ” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC
promulgated thereunder.
“
Expiration Date ” shall mean the date that is two (2)
years after the Closing Date.
“
GAAP ” shall mean generally accepted accounting
principles, as applied in the United States.
“
Governmental Authority ” shall mean any United States
or foreign government, any state or other political subdivision
thereof, any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial,
regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to
government, including the SEC or any other United States or foreign
government authority, agency, department, board, commission or
instrumentality of the United States, any state of the United
States or any political subdivision thereof or any foreign
jurisdiction, and any court, tribunal or arbitrator(s) of competent
jurisdiction, and any United States or foreign governmental or
non-governmental self-regulatory organization, agency or authority
(including the NYSE and the NASD).
“
Hazardous Materials ” shall mean (i) any petroleum,
petroleum products, byproducts or breakdown products, radioactive
materials, asbestos-containing materials or polychlorinated
biphenyls or (ii) any chemical, material or other substance defined
or regulated as toxic or hazardous or as a pollutant or contaminant
or waste under any applicable Environmental Law.
“
Historical Audit ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 8.3.11 of this Agreement.
“
Holdback Amount ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 10.7 of this Agreement.
“
Holder ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.6 of this Agreement.
“
HSR Act ” shall mean the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust
Improvements Act of 1976, as amended.
“
Indebtedness ” shall mean indebtedness for borrowed
money or other debt securities.
“
Indemnification Notice ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 10.2.2.1 of this Agreement.
“
Indemnified Party ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 10.4.1 of this Agreement.
“
Indemnity Cap ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 10.6.2 of this Agreement.
“
Intellectual Property ” shall mean: worldwide (a)
Patents, and other inventions and discoveries and rights of
invention (whether or not patentable and whether or not reduced to
practice); (b) Trademarks; (c) Copyrights; (d) Trade Secrets; (e)
to the extent not covered by subsections (a) through (d), above,
Software and web sites (including all related computer code and
content); (f) rights to exclude others from appropriating any of
such Intellectual Property, including the rights to sue for and
remedies against past, present and future infringements of any or
all of the foregoing and rights of priority and protection of
interests therein; and (g) any other proprietary, intellectual
property and other rights relating to any or all of the foregoing
anywhere in the world.
“
Interim Period Unaudited Company Balance Sheet ” shall
have the meaning set forth in Section 4.6.1 of this
Agreement.
“
Interim Period Unaudited Company Financial Statements
” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.6.1 of this
Agreement.
“
Investment Company Act ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 4.22 of this Agreement.
“
Key Employee Employment Agreements ” shall have the
meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.
“
Key Employees ” shall mean Julie Davidson, Narendra
Rocherolle and Nicholas Wilder.
“
Knowledge ” of the Company shall mean the knowledge
after reasonable inquiry by any of the following individuals:
Renato Cedolin, Julie Davidson, Narendra Rocherolle, James
Robinson, Sara Taunton, Nicholas Wilder and Andrew
Yamashiro.
“
Laakmann Indebtedness ” shall mean that certain
Indebtedness of the Company to Andy Laakmann, including the
principal amount thereof of $2,000,000 and accrued interest
thereon.
“
Law ” shall mean any domestic or foreign federal,
state or local statute, law (whether statutory or common law),
ordinance, rule, administrative interpretation, regulation, order,
writ, injunction, directive, judgment, decree, policy, guideline or
other requirement or arbitration award or finding of any
Governmental Authority.
“
Losses ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
10.2.1 of this Agreement.
“
Merger ” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Recitals to this Agreement.
“
Merger Sub ” shall have the meaning set forth in the
Preamble to this Agreement.
“
Multiemployer Plan ” shall mean any
“multiemployer plan,” as defined in
Section 4001(a)(3) or 3(37) of ERISA, which (a) the Company or
any ERISA Affiliate maintains, administers, contributes to or is
required to contribute to, or, after September 25, 1980,
maintained, administered, contributed to or was required to
contribute to, or under which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
may incur any liability and (b) covers any employee or former
employee of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate.
“
Net Assets ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 2.14.1.
“
Non-Competition Agreements ” shall have the meaning
set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.
“
Non-Disclosure Agreement ” shall mean that certain
Non-Disclosure Agreement, dated as of May 17, 2004, by and between
Buyer and the Company, as the same may be amended from time to time
by the parties.
“
Outside Date ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 9.1.2 of this Agreement.
“
Patents ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
4.8.1 of this Agreement.
“
Pension Plan ” shall mean any “employee pension
benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than
a Multiemployer Plan) which (a) the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
maintains, administers, contributes to or is required to contribute
to, or, within the five (5) years prior to the Closing Date,
maintained, administered, contributed to or was required to
contribute to, or under which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
may incur any liability (including, without limitation, any
contingent liability) and (b) covers any employee or former
employee of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate.
“
Per Share Closing Consideration ” shall equal the
dollar amount obtained by dividing (a) the difference between (i)
the Aggregate Consideration and (ii) the Holdback Amount, by (b)
the number of shares of Company Stock outstanding immediately prior
to the Effective Time.
“
Per Share Deferred Consideration ” shall mean the
right to receive the dollar amount equal to the quotient obtained
by dividing (a) the Holdback Amount (as adjusted pursuant to the
terms of this Agreement), by (b) the number of shares of Company
Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time; and
interest paid thereon at the annual rate of three percent
(3%).
“
Permits ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section
4.13.1 of this Agreement.
“
Person ” shall mean any individual, corporation,
company, partnership (limited or general), limited liability
company, joint venture, association, trust or other business
entity.
“
Personal Element ” shall mean a natural person’s
full name (or last name if associated with an address), telephone
number, e-mail address, Unique Identifying Number, photograph,
credit card or other personal financial information, or any other
information, alone or in combination, that allows the
identification of a natural person.
“
Proceedings ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.12 of this Agreement.
“
Pro Rata Share ” shall mean, with respect to any
Holder, the percentage of the aggregate total Per Share Closing
Consideration and Per Share Deferred Consideration attributable to
such Holder based on the total Per Share Closing Consideration and
Per Share Deferred Consideration received by such
Holder.
“
Resolved Claim Notice ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 10.2.2.1 of this Agreement.
“
Retained Company Employee ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 6.10.1 of this Agreement.
“
Robinson Employment Agreement ” shall mean the form of
employment agreement to be executed by James Robinson and to become
effective upon the Closing, and substantially in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit F .
“
Scheduled Contracts ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 4.7 of this Agreement.
“
SEC ” shall mean the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission, and any successor thereto.
“
Securities Act ” shall mean the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC
promulgated thereunder.
“
Securityholder Agreements ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 3.1.1.7 of this Agreement.
“
Shareholder ” shall mean a holder of shares of Company
Stock as of immediately prior to the Effective Time.
“
Shareholder Representative ” shall have the meaning
set forth in Section 10.8.1 of this Agreement.
“
Software ” shall mean individually each, and
collectively all, of the computer programs, including interfaces
and any embedded software programs or applications, owned, licensed
or used by the Company or otherwise included as an asset of the
Company under this Agreement, including as to each program or
application, the processes and routines used in the processing of
data, the object code, source code (as to third-party source code,
when rights to the source code may be obtained), tapes, disks, and
all improvements, modifications, enhancements, versions and
releases relating thereto.
“
Subsidiary ” of a Person shall mean any other Person
more than 50% of the voting stock (or of any other form of other
voting or controlling equity interest in the case of a Person that
is not a corporation) of which is beneficially owned by the Person
directly or indirectly through one or more other
Persons.
“
Substances ” shall mean any “hazardous
substance,” “hazardous waste,”
“pollutant,” “contaminant” or “toxic
substance,” as defined by CERCLA, the Resources Conservation
and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 6901 et seq. , the Clean
Water Act, 33 U.S.C. Section 1251 et seq. , the Clean Air
Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 7401 et seq. , or the Toxic
Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 2601 et seq. , and
regulations promulgated thereunder, or any analogous state and
local Laws and regulations; petroleum and petroleum products;
polychlorinated biphenyls or asbestos.
“
Surviving Corporation ” shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 2.1.1 of this Agreement.
“
Takeover Statute ” shall mean any “fair
price,” “moratorium,” “control share
acquisition” or other similar antitakeover statute or
regulation enacted under state or federal Laws in the United
States.
“
Tax ” shall mean any federal, state, local or foreign
income, gross receipts, license, payroll, employment, excise,
severance, stamp, occupation, premium, windfall profits,
environmental, customs duties, capital stock, franchise, profits,
withholding, social security, unemployment, disability, real
property, personal property, sales, use, transfer, registration,
value added, alternative or add-on minimum, estimated, or other tax
of any kind whatsoever, including any interest, penalty, or
addition thereto, whether disputed or not.
“
Tax Returns ” means any report, declaration, return,
information return, claim for refund, or statement relating to
Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto, and including
any amendments thereof.
“
Third-Party Claim ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 10.4.1 of this Agreement.
“
Threshold Amount ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 10.6.1 of this Agreement.
“
Trade Secrets ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.8.5.1 of this Agreement.
“
Trademarks ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 4.8.1 of this Agreement.
“
Transfer Taxes ” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7.5 of this Agreement.
“
Transmittal Letter ” shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 2.7.2 of this Agreement.
“
Treasury Regulations ” shall mean the United States
Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code.
“
Unique Identifying Number ” shall mean an identifier
uniquely associated with a person such as a social security number,
driver’s license number, passport number or customer number,
but excluding an identifier which is randomly or otherwise assigned
so that it cannot reasonably be used to identify such
person.
“
User Data ” shall mean, to the extent collected or
acquired by or on behalf of the Company: (w) all data related to
impression and click-through activity of users, including user
identification and associated activities at a web site as well as
pings and activity related to closed loop reporting and all other
data associated with a user’s behavior on the Internet,
including without limitation all e-mail lists or other user
information acquired by the Company directly or indirectly from a
third party that collected such information, (x) all data that
contains a Personal Element, (y) known, assumed or inferred
information or attributes about a user or identifier, and (z) all
derivatives and aggregations of (w), (x) and (y), including user
profiles.
“
Voting Agreement ” shall have the meaning set forth in
the Recitals to this Agreement.
“
Welfare Plan ” shall mean any “employee welfare
benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA, which
(a) the Company or any ERISA Affiliate maintains, administers,
contributes to or is required to contribute to, or under which the
Company or any ERISA Affiliate may incur any liability and (b)
covers any employee or former employee of the Company or any ERISA
Affiliate.
“
Year-End Unaudited Company Financial Statements ”
shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.6.1 of this
Agreement.
ARTICLE 2.
THE MERGER
Section 2.1 The
Merger.
Section 2.1.1 Merger of Merger
Sub into the Company . Upon the terms and subject to
satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, and in accordance with the CCC, at the Effective Time,
Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company. As a result
of the Merger, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall
cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation
of the Merger (the “ Surviving Corporation
”).
Section 2.1.2 Closing .
Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated pursuant to
Section 9.1 hereof, and subject to the satisfaction (or, to the
extent permitted by this Agreement, the waiver) of each of the
conditions set forth in Article 8 of this Agreement, the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
(the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the
offices of Latham & Watkins LLP, 505 Montgomery Street, Suite
1900, San Francisco, California 94111, at 10:00 a.m., local time,
as soon as practicable following the satisfaction (or, to the
extent permitted by this Agreement, the waiver) of each of the
conditions set forth in Article 8 of this Agreement (and in any
event, within five (5) Business Days thereafter), or at such other
date, time and place as Buyer and the Company shall mutually agree
in writing (the exact date on which the Closing takes place, the
“ Closing Date”).
Section 2.2 Effective Time
. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement,
on the Closing Date, the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to
be consummated by filing an agreement of merger, together with an
officer’s certificate in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit G (the “ Certificate of Merger ”)
with the Secretary of State of the State of California, and
executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the CCC (the
date and time of such filing, or if another date and time is
specified in such filing, such specified date and time, being the
“ Effective Time ”).
Section 2.3 Effect of the
Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall
be as provided in the applicable provisions of the CCC. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, at the Effective Time,
except as otherwise provided herein, all the property, rights,
privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub
shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities
and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts,
liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
Section 2.4 Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation . At the
Effective Time, the articles of incorporation as set forth in the
Certificate of Merger shall become the articles of incorporation of
the Surviving Corporation. At the Effective Time, the bylaws of the
Company as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
become the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
Section 2.5 Board of Directors
and Officers of the Surviving Corporation . The board of
directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be the initial board of directors of the Surviving
Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the articles of
incorporation of the Surviving Corporation. The officers of Merger
Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial
officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in
accordance with the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the
Surviving Corporation.
Section 2.6 Conversion of
Securities . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of Buyer, Merger Sub, the Company or
the holders of any of the following securities (each, a “
Holder ”):
Section 2.6.1 Shares of Common
Stock of Merger Sub . Each share of common stock of Merger Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall automatically be converted into and thereafter represent one
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock
of the Surviving Corporation such that immediately following the
Effective Time, Buyer will be the sole and exclusive owner of the
capital stock of the Surviving Corporation.
Section 2.6.2 Shares of
Company Stock . Each share of Common Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any shares of
Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company immediately prior
to the Effective Time, which shares shall be cancelled and
extinguished without any payment being made in respect thereof, or
any Company Dissenting Shares) shall be converted into the right to
receive the Per Share Closing Consideration and the Per Share
Deferred Consideration. All shares of Common Stock converted
pursuant to this Section 2.6.2 shall no longer be outstanding and
shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease to
exist after the Effective Time.
Section 2.6.3 Company
Options . The Company shall, prior to the Effective Time,
accelerate the vesting of such Company Options then outstanding
under the Company Option Plan, in whole or in part, as determined
by the Company in its discretion; provided that the Company
shall keep Buyer apprised, on a prompt basis, of such accelerated
vesting; provided further that the holder of such
Company Option renders continuous service to the Company as an
employee, consultant or member of the Board of Directors of the
Company from the date hereof until at least immediately prior to
the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company
shall adopt such procedures as it deems to be reasonably necessary
to permit the holders of any outstanding Company Option to elect to
either:
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(i)
if the fair market value of one share of Common Stock as determined
in accordance with the Company Option Plan is greater than the
exercise price for one share of Common Stock under such Company
Option, effect a net exercise of the vested portion of such Company
Option and thereby receive the number of shares of Common Stock
upon exercise of the vested portion of such Company Option
determined by dividing: (A) the number of shares of Common Stock
purchasable under such Company Option multiplied by the difference
between: (1) the fair market value of one share of Common Stock as
determined in accordance with the Company Option Plan; and (2) the
exercise price for one share of Common Stock under such Company
Option; by (B) the fair market value of one share of Common Stock
as determined in accordance with the Company Option Plan (it being
understood that for purposes of this clause (i), the fair market
value of one share of Common Stock shall be equal to the sum of the
Per Share Closing Consideration plus the Per Share Deferred
Consideration); or
(ii)
exercise the vested portion of such Company Option in full by
paying the Company the aggregate amount of the exercise price in
cash;
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provided
, however , that any
payments to a holder of Company Options shall be subject to all
applicable withholding tax requirements; and provided
further that adequate provision will be made for payment by
the Shareholders to the Company of all applicable withholding taxes
due thereto at the Effective Time. As of the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and in accordance with the terms of the
Company Option Plan and/or the applicable Company Option, each
outstanding Company Option, whether vested or unvested, shall be
terminated and canceled and shall not be assumed by
Buyer.
Section 2.7 Distribution of
Consideration.
Section 2.7.1 Certificates
Surrendered at Closing . Upon surrender for cancellation at the
Closing to Buyer or its designated representative of any
certificates evidencing Company Stock (“Certificates”),
together with a duly executed and completed stock power, the holder
of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive, in exchange
therefor, the Per Share Closing Consideration to which such holder
is entitled pursuant to Section 2.6.2 of this Agreement, which
shall be delivered at the Closing by corporate check of Buyer or,
if specified in the Closing Consideration Exhibit, by wire
transfer, and the Per Share Deferred Consideration to which such
holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.6.2.
Section 2.7.2 Distribution of
Transmittal Letter . As soon as practicable after the Effective
Time, Buyer shall cause to be mailed to each record holder of a
Certificate who did not surrender such Certificate at the Closing a
letter of transmittal in customary form (which shall specify that
delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the
Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to
Buyer or its designated representative and shall be in such form
and have such other provisions as Buyer shall reasonably specify)
(the “ Transmittal Letter ”) and instructions
for such holder’s use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates and the exercise of the rights of such holder to
obtain its Per Share Closing Consideration and Per Share Deferred
Consideration to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section
2.6.2.
Section 2.7.3 Delivery of
Certificates . Upon surrender to Buyer or its designated
representative of any Certificates for cancellation, together with
a duly executed and completed Transmittal Letter, the holder of
such Certificate shall be entitled to receive, in exchange
therefor, the Per Share Closing Consideration to which such holder
is entitled pursuant to Section 2.6.2 of this Agreement, which
shall be delivered within five (5) business days after such
surrender by corporate check of Buyer to the address specified for
such holder on the Closing Consideration Exhibit or otherwise by
such holder in writing, or by wire transfer if specified in the
Closing Consideration Exhibit or by such holder in writing, and the
Per Share Deferred Consideration to which such holder is entitled
pursuant to Section 2.6.2.
Section 2.7.4 Cancellation of
Company Stock . Until surrendered, each Certificate (other than
Certificates representing Company Dissenting Shares) shall be
deemed for all corporate purposes to evidence only the right to
receive upon such surrender the Per Share Closing Consideration and
the Per Share Deferred Consideration into which the Company Stock
represented thereby shall have been converted in accordance with
the terms and upon the conditions of this Agreement.
Section 2.8 Payment of
Deferred Consideration . Buyer shall pay accrued interest at
the annual rate of three percent (3%) on the Holdback Amount (as
adjusted pursuant to the terms of this Agreement) on each of the
six (6), twelve (12), eighteen (18), twenty-four (24), thirty (30)
and thirty-six (36) months anniversaries of the Closing Date. Buyer
shall pay each Holder such Holder’s Pro Rata Share of the
accrued interest, which shall be delivered by corporate check of
Buyer to the address specified for such Holder on the Closing
Consideration Exhibit or otherwise by such Holder in writing, or by
wire transfer if specified in the Closing Consideration Exhibit or
by such Holder in writing. In addition, Buyer shall pay the
Holdback Amount in accordance with the provisions set forth in
Section 10.7.
Section 2.9 No Further
Ownership Rights in Shares of Company Stock . The Per Share
Closing Consideration and Per Share Deferred Consideration
delivered upon the surrender for exchange of Company Stock in
accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been
issued in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such shares
of Company Stock, and there shall be no further registration of
transfers of Company Stock which were outstanding immediately prior
to the Effective Time on the records of the Surviving Corporation.
If, after the Effective Time, the Certificates are presented to the
Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be cancelled and
exchanged as provided in this Article 2.
Section 2.10 Lost, Stolen or
Destroyed Certificates . In the event any Certificates shall
have been lost, stolen or destroyed, Buyer shall issue in exchange
for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates, upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, such Per Share
Closing Consideration and Per Share Deferred Consideration as may
be required pursuant to Section 2.6.2 of this Agreement;
provided, however , that Buyer may, in its sole discretion
and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the
owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates to indemnify
Buyer against any claim that may be made against Buyer with respect
to the Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or
destroyed.
Section 2.11 Closing
Consideration Exhibit . Two Business Days prior to the Closing
Date, the Shareholder Representative shall deliver to the Buyer a
draft of the Closing Consideration Exhibit which sets forth the
amount of Aggregate Consideration that would be paid to each Holder
pursuant to this Article 2 based on assumptions set forth therein.
At the Closing, the Shareholder Representative shall deliver to the
Buyer the Closing Consideration Exhibit setting forth the final
calculation of such amounts (including in such calculation
provision for those amounts described in the second proviso in the
penultimate sentence of Section 2.6.3 of this
Agreement).
Section 2.12 Dissenting
Shares . Any holder of shares of Company Stock issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time with respect to
which dissenters’ rights, if any, are available by reason of
the Merger pursuant to Chapter 13 of the CCC who has not voted in
favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing and who
complies with Chapter 13 of the CCC (“ Company Dissenting
Shares ”) shall not be entitled to receive any portion of
the Aggregate Consideration pursuant to this Article 2, unless such
holder fails to perfect, effectively withdraws or loses its
dissenters’ rights under the CCC. Such holder shall be
entitled to receive only such rights as are granted under Chapter
13 of the CCC. If any such holder fails to perfect, effectively
withdraws or loses such dissenters’ rights under the CCC,
such Company Dissenting Shares shall thereupon be deemed to have
been converted as of the Effective Time into the right to receive
the Aggregate Consideration to which such shares of Company Stock
are entitled pursuant to this Article 2, without interest. The
Company shall give Buyer prompt notice of any demands for appraisal
pursuant to Chapter 13 of the CCC received by the Company,
withdrawals of any such demands and any other documents or
instruments received by the Company in connection therewith. Buyer
shall have the right to participate in and direct all negotiations
and proceedings with respect to any such demands. The Company shall
not, except with the prior written consent of Buyer, make any
payment with respect to, or settle or offer to settle, any such
demands, or agree to do any of the foregoing. Any payments made
with respect to Company Dissenting Shares shall be made solely by
the Surviving Corporation, and no funds or other property have been
or shall be provided by Buyer, Merger Sub or any of Buyer’s
Affiliates for such payment.
Section 2.13 Withholding .
Buyer shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any
consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement such
amounts as it may be required to deduct and withhold with respect
to the making of such payment under the Code, or any provision of
applicable Tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld or
paid over to or deposited with the relevant Governmental Authority
by Buyer, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this
Agreement as having been paid to the applicable Person in respect
of which Buyer made such deduction and withholding.
Section 2.14 Closing
Adjustment.
Section 2.14.1 Estimated Net
Asset Adjustment . The Company shall deliver to Buyer, not
later than five Business Days prior to the Closing, unaudited
consolidated and consolidating balance sheets of the Company (the
“ Estimated Balance Sheet ”) as of the most
recent practicable month end immediately preceding the day of the
Closing. The Estimated Balance Sheet shall be prepared in
accordance with GAAP applied consistently with the consolidated
balance sheet of the Company as of March 31, 2004, and shall
present fairly the financial position of the Company as of the date
thereof, but shall exclude any provision for the aggregate exercise
price of the Company Options to be paid pursuant to Section
2.6.3(ii). If the total assets less the total liabilities (the
“ Net Assets ”), of the Company as set forth on
the Estimated Balance Sheet (the “ Estimated Net
Assets ”) is less than Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000),
the Aggregate Consideration shall be decreased by such
deficiency.
Section 2.14.2 Preparation and
Delivery of Closing Balance Sheet . Buyer shall prepare and
deliver to the Shareholder Representative, not later than 90 days
after the Closing, on both a consolidated and consolidating basis,
a balance sheet of the Company as of the close of business on the
Closing Date (“ Closing Balance Sheet Date ”),
prior to any purchase accounting adjustments (the “
Closing Balance Sheet ”). The Closing Balance Sheet
shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP applied consistently with
the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of March 31, 2004
(provided that in the event of a conflict between GAAP and
consistency, GAAP shall control), and shall present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial condition of the Company as of the
Closing Date, but shall exclude any provision for the aggregate
exercise price of the Company Options paid pursuant to Section
2.6.3(ii). Based on the Closing Balance Sheet, Buyer shall also
prepare statements of the Company’s Net Assets as of the
Closing Balance Sheet Date (the “ Closing Net Assets
”). The Shareholder Representative shall cooperate with Buyer
and its accountants in the preparation of the Closing Balance Sheet
(including providing access to all necessary books and records and
instructing the Company’s independent certified public
accountants (the “ Company’s Auditors ”)
to provide access to its work papers, management letters and
relevant personnel used in preparation of any prior audits of the
Company).
Section 2.14.3 Review of
Closing Balance Sheet . Buyer will cooperate with the
Shareholder Representative and the Shareholder
Representative’s auditors and will ensure that the
Shareholder Representative and the Company’s certified public
accountants will be able to review the Closing Balance Sheet, and
the statement of Closing Net Assets as soon as practicable after
they are delivered to the Shareholder Representative and, in
connection therewith, have full access to the personnel and records
of the Company. Within 30 days following the Shareholder
Representative’s receipt of the Closing Balance Sheet, and
the statement of Closing Net Assets, the Shareholder Representative
shall notify Buyer in writing of any objections that the
Shareholder Representative may have to the Closing Balance Sheet,
and the statement of Closing Net Assets, stating in reasonable
detail the basis for any such objections (an “Objection
Notice ”); provided, that the only bases for objection
shall be (i) non-compliance with the standards set forth in Section
2.14.2 for the preparation of the Closing Balance Sheet and (ii)
computational errors. If the Shareholder Representative fails to
deliver an Objection Notice to Buyer within such 30-day period, the
Shareholder Representative will be deemed to have concurred with
the Closing Balance Sheet, and the statement of Closing Net
Assets.
Section 2.14.4 Dispute
Resolution . If the Shareholder Representative timely delivers
an Objection Notice to Buyer in accordance with Section 2.14.3,
Buyer and the Shareholder Representative shall, together with their
respective independent certified public accountants, promptly
consult with each other in good faith and exercise reasonable
efforts to attempt to resolve differences in their respective
analyses of the Closing Balance Sheet, and the statement of Closing
Net Assets, within ten days after the Shareholder Representative
delivers the Objection Notice. Any matter not specifically
referenced in the Objection Notice shall be conclusively deemed to
have been agreed upon by the parties. If the parties are unable to
resolve their differences within such ten-day period, the matter
shall be promptly referred for arbitration to a third mutually
satisfactory independent accounting firm which shall make its own
determination of the matters in dispute within ten days after the
matter is referred to it on the basis of the standards set forth
above in Sections 2.14.1 and 2.14.2. The determination of such
accounting firm will be final, binding and conclusive on the
parties.
Section 2.14.5 Fees and
Expenses . Each party shall bear the fees and expenses of its
respective independent certified public accountants incurred in
performing services pursuant to this Section. If a third accounting
firm is selected to resolve differences between the Shareholder
Representative and the Buyer in accordance with Section 2.14.4, the
Shareholder Representative and the Buyer shall each pay one-half of
the fees and expenses, including any retainers, of such firm in
performing services pursuant to Section 2.14.4.
Section
2.14.6 Closing Net Asset Adjustment . Upon determination of
the Closing Net Assets, as concurred with by the Shareholder
Representative or as finally resolved in the manner set forth
above, Buyer shall promptly pay to each Holder such Holder’s
Pro Rata Share of the greater of (i) the excess, if any, of the
Closing Net Assets over the Estimated Net Assets, and (ii) the
excess, if any, of the Closing Net Assets over Two Million Dollars
($2,000,000); such payment, if any, shall be delivered by corporate
check of Buyer to the address specified for such Holder on the
Closing Consideration Exhibit or otherwise by such Holder in
writing, or by wire transfer if specified in the Closing
Consideration Exhibit or by such Holder in writing. If the Closing
Net Assets, as concurred with by the Shareholder Representative or
as finally resolved in the manner set forth above, is less than the
Estimated Net Assets, then Buyer may offset, against the Holdback
Amount, an amount equal to such difference.
ARTICLE 3.
CLOSING DELIVERIES
Section 3.1 Closing
Deliveries.
Section 3.1.1 Closing
Deliveries by the Company. At the Closing, the Company shall
deliver, or shall cause to be delivered, to Buyer:
Section 3.1.1.1 the written
opinion of Heller Ehrman White & McAuliffe LLP, counsel for the
Company, dated as of the Closing Date, addressing the matters set
forth in Exhibit H hereto;
Section 3.1.1.2 certified
organizational documents and certificates of good standing issued
by (x) the Secretary of State of the State of California and the
California State Franchise Tax Board for the Company and (y) the
Secretary of State of each state in which the Company is qualified
to do business as a foreign corporation, in each case dated not
more than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing
Date;
Section 3.1.1.3 a certificate,
dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, as to the
fulfillment of each of the conditions set forth in Section 8.3 of
this Agreement;
Section 3.1.1.4 a certificate,
dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Secretary of the
Company, certifying the resolutions adopted by the Company’s
board of directors and shareholders relating to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements, the
Company’s articles of incorporation and bylaws as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time;
Section 3.1.1.5 copies of all
third-party and governmental notices, consents, approvals and
filings required for the Company to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary
Agreements;
Section 3.1.1.6 the Key Employee
Employment Agreements, the Robinson Employment Agreement, the
Non-Competition Agreements and the Voting Agreements, executed by
the parties thereto;
Section 3.1.1.7 copies of the
Securityholder Agreements, substantially in the form attached
hereto as Exhibit I (the “ Securityholder
Agreements ”), executed by each of the Shareholders
representing, in the aggregate, at least ninety-five percent (95%)
of the Company Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time;
Section 3.1.1.8 the Closing
Consideration Exhibit; and
Section 3.1.1.9 such other
documents as Buyer may reasonably request.
Section 3.1.2 Closing
Deliveries by Buyer. At the Closing, Buyer shall deliver, or
shall cause to be delivered, the following:
Section 3.1.2.1 a certificate,
dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Chief Executive
Officer or Chief Financial Officer of each of Buyer and Merger Sub,
as to the fulfillment of each of the conditions set forth in
Section 8.2 of this Agreement;
Section 3.1.2.2 a certificate,
dated as of the Closing Date and executed by the Secretary or any
Assistant Secretary of each of Buyer and Merger Sub, certifying the
resolutions adopted by each of Buyer’s and Merger Sub’s
board of directors and Buyer, as the sole stockholder of Merger
Sub, relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and the Ancillary Agreements;
Section 3.1.2.3 copies of all
third-party and governmental notices, consents, approvals and
filings required in connection with the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary
Agreements;
Section 3.1.2.4 the
Securityholder Agreement, Employment Agreements and Non-Competition
Agreements, executed by the Buyer;
Section 3.1.2.5 such other documents as the
Company may reasonably request;
Section 3.1.2.6 certified
organizational documents of Merger Sub issued by the Secretary of
State of the State of California; and
Section 3.1.2.7 any payments
required to be delivered at the Closing pursuant to Section
2.7.1.
ARTICLE 4.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
As
a material inducement to Buyer and Merger Sub to enter into this
Agreement, except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule delivered
by the Company to Buyer prior to the execution of this Agreement
(the “ Company Disclosure Schedule ”), each
section of which shall only qualify the representation or warranty
in the correspondingly numbered Section of this Agreement, the
Company (for purposes of this Article 4, the term
“Company” shall include any and all predecessor
entities of Twofold Photos, Inc. since January 1, 2002) hereby
represents and warrants to Buyer as follows:
Section 4.1 Organization .
The Company is a corporation, duly formed, validly existing and in
good standing under the Laws of the State of California. The
Company has the corporate power and authority and possesses all
material governmental franchises, licenses, permits and
authorizations and approvals necessary to carry on its businesses
substantially in the manner as they are now being conducted and to
own, lease and operate all of their respective properties and
assets. Section 4.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets
forth a true, correct and complete list of each jurisdiction in
which the Company is qualified to do business as a foreign
corporation or other entity. The Company is duly licensed or
qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature
of the business conducted by it or the character or location of the
properties and assets owned, leased or operated by it makes such
qualification or licensing necessary except in jurisdictions where
the failure of such license or qualification would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. The copies of the Company’s
articles of incorporation and bylaws delivered by the Company to
Buyer prior to the execution of this Agreement are accurate,
complete and correct copies of such instruments as in effect on the
date hereof.
Section 4.2
Capitalization.
Section 4.2.1 Authorized,
Issued and Outstanding Capital Stock . The authorized capital
stock of the Company consists of Twenty Million (20,000,000)
shares, without par value, all of which are Common Stock, and of
which Ten Million One Hundred and Eighty Thousand (10,180,000)
shares are issued and outstanding as of the date of this Agreement.
No additional shares of Common Stock, Preferred Stock or other
capital stock of the Company will be issued after the date of this
Agreement, except for shares of Common Stock issued in connection
with the exercise of Company Options outstanding on the date of
this Agreement. The Company has no other capital stock authorized,
issued or outstanding. Section 4.2.1 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule sets forth the name of each Holder of shares of
Company Stock, as well as the number of shares of Common Stock held
by each such Holder.
Section 4.2.2 Company
Options . As of the date of this Agreement, One Million Five
Hundred and Nineteen Thousand (1,519,000) shares of Common Stock
are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Company
Options. Section 4.2.2 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth the name of each Holder of Company Options, as
well as the number of Company Options held by each such Holder, the
number of shares of Common Stock for which each such Company Option
is exercisable, the vesting schedule for each such Company Option
and the price per share of Common Stock for which each such Company
Option is exercisable (without taking into account whether or not
such Company Option is in fact exercisable on the date hereof). No
additional Company Options will be granted after the date of this
Agreement. The Company has delivered to Buyer true, accurate and
complete copies of each plan or agreement pursuant to which any
Company Option has been granted, including any and all amendments
thereto.
Section 4.2.3 No Other Capital
Stock, Company Options or Company Warrants . Except for the
Company Options referred to above, there are no outstanding
options, warrants, convertible securities or rights of any kind to
purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock or other
securities of the Company. Except for the aggregate of One Million
Eight Hundred and Twenty Thousand (1,820,000) shares of Common
Stock reserved for issuance under the Company Option Plan
(including those shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance upon
the exercise of outstanding Company Options), no shares of capital
stock of the Company are reserved for issuance.
Section 4.2.4 No Other
Agreements . There are no outstanding contractual obligations
between the Company and any of its security holders (i) restricting
the transfer of; (ii) affecting the voting rights of; (iii)
requiring the repurchase, redemption or disposition of, or
containing any right of first refusal with respect to; (iv)
requiring the registration or sale of or (v) granting any
preemptive or antidilutive right with respect to, any shares of
Common Stock or any capital stock of, or other equity interests in,
the Company.
Section 4.2.5 Valid
Issuances . All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued,
are fully paid and nonassessable and are free of any preemptive
rights in respect thereto. All outstanding securities of the
Company have been issued in compliance with all applicable state
and federal securities Laws. The stock ledgers and related records
that have been delivered by the Company to Buyer are complete and
accurate.
Section 4.3 Subsidiaries .
The Company does not, directly or indirectly, own any Subsidiary or
any capital stock, membership interest, partnership interest, joint
venture interest or other equity interest in any Person, nor is
Company subject to any obligation to make any investment in any
other Person.
Section 4.4 Authority; No
Violation.
Section 4.4.1 The Company has
full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements to which it is a party, to
perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements to which
the Company is a party and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly approved
by all requisite corporate action on the part of the Company (other
than shareholder approval), and no other corporate proceedings on
the part of the Company are necessary to approve this Agreement or
the Ancillary Agreements to which the Company is a party or to
authorize or consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or
thereby. This Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements to which the
Company is a party have been duly and validly executed and
delivered by the Company and (assuming the due authorization,
execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Ancillary
Agreements to which the Company is a party by each of the other
parties hereto and thereto) constitute valid and binding
obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with their respective terms, except as the
enforceability thereof may be subject to or limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar Laws relating to
or affecting the rights of creditors generally and the availability
of equitable relief (whether in proceedings at law or in
equity).
Section 4.4.2 Neither the
execution and delivery by the Company or any of its Affiliates of
this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements to which the Company or
any of its Affiliates is a party nor the consummation by the
Company or any of its Affiliates of any of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby, nor compliance by the Company or
any of its Affiliates with any of the terms or provisions hereof or
thereof, will (i) violate any provision of the articles of
incorporation, charter or bylaws or comparable organizational
documents of the Company or (ii) (x) violate, conflict with or
require any notice, filing, consent, waiver or approval under any
Applicable Law to which the Company or any of its properties,
contracts or assets are subject, or (y) violate, conflict with,
result in a breach of any provision of or the loss of any benefit
under, constitute a default (or an event which, with or without
notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default)
under, result in the termination of or a right of termination or
cancellation under, accelerate or result in a right of acceleration
of the performance required by, result in the creation of any
Encumbrance upon the Common Stock or any Encumbrance upon the
properties, contracts or assets of the Company under, or require
any notice, approval, waiver or consent under, any note, bond,
mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, license, lease, agreement or
other instrument or obligation to which the Company is a party, or
by which the Company or any of its properties or assets may be
bound or affected.
Section 4.5 Consents and
Approvals . Except for the filing of the Certificate of Merger
with the Secretary of State of the State of California and those
consents, approvals and notices set forth on Section 4.5 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, no consents or approvals of or
notices to or filings, declarations or registrations with any
Governmental Authority or any third party are necessary in
connection with (i) the execution and delivery by the Company and
its Affiliates of this Agreement or any of the Ancillary Agreements
or (ii) the consummation by the Company or any of its Affiliates of
the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby so as to permit the
Surviving Corporation to continue the Company Business after the
Closing Date.
Section 4.6 Financial
Statements.
Section 4.6.1 Section
4.6.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth true,
correct and complete copies of (i) the unaudited consolidated
balance sheet of the Company as of March 31, 2004 and the related
consolidated statements of income and changes in
shareholders’ equity for the three (3) months ended March 31,
2004 (the statements referred to in this clause (i) (including the
balance sheet), the “ Interim Period Unaudited Company
Financial Statements ” and the balance sheet as of March
31, 2004, the “ Interim Period Unaudited Company Balance
Sheet ”); and (ii) the unaudited consolidated balance
sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the
related consolidated statements of income and changes in
shareholders’ equity for the fiscal years ended December 31,
2003 and 2002 (the statements referred to in this clause (ii)
(including the balance sheets), the “ Year-End Unaudited
Company Financial Statements ”). The Interim Period
Unaudited Company Financial Statements and the Year-End Unaudited
Company Financial Statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of
the respective dates thereof and the results of the Company’s
consolidated operations for the fiscal periods therein set forth.
Each of the Year-End Unaudited Company Financial Statements and the
Interim Period Unaudited Company Financial Statements have been
prepared in accordance with both the Company’s past practice
and GAAP consistently applied throughout such fiscal periods. There
are no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the
design or operation of the Company’s internal controls which
could adversely affect the Company’s ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial data. There is no fraud in
connection with the Interim Period Unaudited Company Financial
Statements or the Year-End Unaudited Company Financial Statements,
whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal controls. None of the Key Employees or James Robinson is,
or has been, involved in any of the events described in
Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended.
Section 4.6.2 Section
4.6.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true,
correct and complete itemization of the accounts receivable
(including aging) of the Company as of the date of this Agreement
(the “ Accounts Receivable ”). The Accounts
Receivable represent bona fide claims against debtors for
sales, services performed or other charges arising on or before the
respective dates of recording thereof, and all of the goods
delivered and services performed which gave rise to the Accounts
Receivable were delivered or performed in accordance with
applicable orders, Contracts or customer requirements. All Accounts
Receivable have been billed in accordance with the past practice of
the Company consistently applied and are fully collectible in the
ordinary course of business within three (3) months (though not
guaranteed to be actually collected), except to the extent of an
amount not in excess of the reserve for doubtful accounts reflected
on the Interim Period Unaudited Company Balance Sheet.
Section 4.7 Contracts .
Section 4.7(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth
a complete and accurate list or description of all Contracts: (v)
pursuant to which the Company is either obligated to pay or
entitled to receive in excess of $10,000 and that is not otherwise
required to be disclosed pursuant to subsections (w), (x), (y) or
(z) of this Section 4.7; provided, however , that Section
4.7 of the Company Disclosure Schedule does not omit any
Contracts pursuant to which, when viewed collectively, the Company
is either obligated to pay or entitled to receive in excess of
$50,000 in the aggregate; (w) that are not terminable by the
Company within ninety (90) days from the date of this Agreement
without penalty or further obligation on the part of the Company;
(x) that involve payments based on profits or revenues of the
Company; (y) that are employment, management, consulting or
severance agreements or other agreements or arrangements with any
of the Company Business Employees or Company Business Independent
Contractors; or (z) that include any noncompetition or
nonsolicitation covenant or any exclusive dealing or similar
arrangement that limits the ability of the Company or any of its
Affiliates to compete (geographically or otherwise) in any line of
business (collectively, the “Scheduled Contracts
”). Except as set forth in Section 4.7(b) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof, each of the
Contracts is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company
(assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the
other parties thereto) and is in full force and effect and
enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as such
enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws relating to or
affecting creditors generally and by the availability of equitable
remedies (whether in proceedings at law or in equity). Except as
set forth in Section 4.7(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company has not received notice of cancellation of or
default under or intent to cancel or call a default under any of
the Contracts. Except as set forth in Section 4.7(b) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company has performed all material
obligations required to be performed by it to date under the
Contracts, and there exists no event or condition which with or
without notice or lapse of time or both would be a material breach
or a material default on the part of the Company or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, on the part of any other party to such
Contracts. As of the Effective Date, each of the Contracts
identified in Section 4.7 of the Company Disclosure Schedule
has been executed and delivered by the parties thereto and is in
full force and effect, notwithstanding disclosure to the contrary
contained in Section 4.7 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule.
Section 4.8 Intellectual
Property.
Section 4.8.1 Generally .
Section 4.8.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets
forth a complete and accurate list of all United States and
foreign: (i) trademarks and service marks (whether registered or
unregistered), trade names, trade dress, designs and general
intangibles of like nature, together with all common law rights and
goodwill related to the foregoing (collectively,
“Trademarks ”); (ii) patents and patent
applications (including any continuations, continuations-in-part,
divisionals, reissues, renewals and applications for any of the
foregoing) (collectively “ Patents ”); (iii)
copyrights, moral rights and other rights of authorship or
exploitation, and mask works (including any registrations and
applications therefore and whether registered or unregistered)
(collectively “ Copyrights ”); and domain names,
including top-level Internet domain names and all lower-level
Internet domain names for which such top-level domains are a root
or parent, whether in the form of an address for use in electronic
mail transfer, a Universal Resource Locator, a File Transfer
Protocol location, or other form suitable for specifying the
location of an electronic data file over a distributed computer
network (collectively, “ Domain Names ”), in
each case owned by or licensed to Company, in whole or in part,
including jointly with others (such schedule specifying if such
Intellectual Property is owned jointly), or used by the Company in
the conduct or operation of the Company Business.
Section 4.8.2
Trademarks.
Section 4.8.2.1 All Trademarks of
the Company for which an application for trademark registration has
been filed are currently in compliance with all legal requirements,
other than any requirement that, if not satisfied, would not result
in a cancellation of any such registration or otherwise adversely
affect the use, priority or enforceability of the Trademark in
question. No registered Trademark of Company has been or is now
involved in any opposition or cancellation proceeding in the United
States Patent and Trademark Office. To the Knowledge of the
Company, there has been no prior use of any Trademark of Company by
any third party that confers upon said third party superior rights
in any such Trademark.
Section 4.8.2.2 Except as set
forth in Section 4.8.2.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
the Company is the owner of all right, title and interest in and to
all of the Trademarks, in each case free and clear of any and all
Encumbrances, covenants, conditions and restrictions or other
adverse claims or interests of any kind or nature, and the Company
has not received any written notice or claim or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, any oral notice or claim, challenging the
Company’s complete and exclusive ownership of the Trademarks
or suggesting that any other Person has any claim of legal or
beneficial ownership with respect thereto. There is no agreement,
decree, arbitral award or other provision or contingency which
obligates Company to grant licenses in future
Trademarks.
Section 4.8.3
Patents.
Section 4.8.3.1 All Patents of
the Company are currently in compliance with legal requirements
(including payment of filing, examination, and maintenance fees and
proofs of working or use) other than any requirement that, if not
satisfied, would not result in a revocation or lapse or otherwise
adversely affect the enforceability of the Patent in question and
the Company has not taken any action or failed to take any action
(including a failure to disclose material prior art in connection
with the prosecution of any Patent), or used or enforced (or failed
to use or enforce) any of the Patents in a manner that would result
in the abandonment or unenforceability of any of the
Patents.
Section 4.8.3.2 No Patent of the
Company has been or is now involved in any interference, reissue,
reexamination or opposing proceeding in the United States Patent
and Trademark Office or any foreign patent office and, to the
Knowledge of the Company, no such action has been threatened. There
is no Patent of any Person that claims the same subject matter as
any Patent of the Company and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no
prior art that invalidates any claim of any Patent of the
Company.
Section 4.8.3.3 The Company is
the owner of all right, title and interest in and to all of the
Patents, in each case free and clear of any and all Encumbrances,
covenants, conditions and restrictions or other adverse claims or
interests of any kind or nature, and the Company has not received
any written or oral notice or claim challenging the Company’s
complete and exclusive ownership of the Patents or suggesting that
any other Person has any claim of legal or beneficial ownership
with respect thereto. There is no agreement, decree, arbitral award
or other provision or contingency which obligates the Company to
grant licenses in future Patents.
Section 4.8.3.4 To the Knowledge
of the Company, and after reasonable investigation customary in the
industry, the inventions disclosed in the Patents may be practiced
by the Company without infringing any other patents owned by any
Person.
Section 4.8.4
Copyrights.
Section 4.8.4.1 The Company is
the owner of all right, title and interest in and to each of the
Copyrights used by the Company other than those as to which the
rights being exercised by the Company under valid license from
another Person (collectively, “ Company Owned
Copyrights ”), free and clear of any and all
Encumbrances, covenants, conditions and restrictions or other
adverse claims or interests of any kind or nature, and the Company
has not received any notice or claim (whether written or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, oral) challenging the Company’s
complete and exclusive ownership of the Company Owned Copyrights or
suggesting that any other Person has any claim of legal or
beneficial ownership with respect thereto.
Section 4.8.4.2 The Company has
not received any notice or claim (whether written or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, oral) challenging or questioning the
validity or enforceability of any of the Company Owned Copyrights
or indicating an intention on the part of any Person to bring a
claim that any Company Owned Copyright is invalid, is unenforceable
or has been misused and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no
Company Owned Copyright otherwise has been challenged or threatened
in any way.
Section 4.8.4.3 The Company has
not taken any action or, to the Knowledge of the Company, failed to
take any action (including a failure to disclose required
information to the United States Copyright Office in connection
with any registration of a registered copyright therewith), or used
or enforced (or failed to use or enforce) any of the Company Owned
Copyrights, in each case in a manner that would result in the
unenforceability of any of the Company Owned Copyrights. The
Company has taken all reasonable steps to protect the
Company’s rights in and to the Company Owned Copyrights, in
each case in accordance with standard industry practice. To the
Knowledge of the Company, no other Person has infringed or is
infringing any of the Company Owned Copyrights.
Section 4.8.5 Trade
Secrets.
Section 4.8.5.1 The Company has
taken all reasonable steps in accordance with normal industry
practice to protect its rights in confidential information and
proprietary information, including any formula, pattern,
compilation, program, device, method, technique, or process, that:
(1) derives independent economic value, actual or potential,
from not being generally known to the public or to other Persons
who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use; and (2)
is the subject of efforts that are reasonable under the
circumstances to maintain its secrecy (collectively, “
Trade Secrets ”).
Section 4.8.5.2 Without limiting
the generality of Section 4.8.5.1, each employee, consultant
and contractor of the Company has executed a proprietary
information, confidentiality and assignment agreement substantially
in the form provided to Buyer, assigning to the Company all rights
to any Intellectual Property that is developed by such employee,
consultant or contractor, as applicable, and that otherwise
appropriately protects the Intellectual Property of the Company,
and no such employee, consultant or contractor is, to the Knowledge
of the Company, in breach or violation of any such agreement.
Except under confidentiality obligations or in connection with the
release of distribution of products, there has been no disclosure
by the Company of its confidential information or Trade Secrets;
nor have any actions been taken by the Company which would
materially affect the Company’s ability to obtain U.S. or
foreign protection for the Company’s inventions.
Section 4.8.6 License
Agreements.
Section 4.8.6.1
Section 4.8.6.1 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all
license agreements (or forms of license agreements used by the
Company in the ordinary course of business and containing no
material deviations from such forms) granting to the Company any
right to use or practice any rights under any Intellectual Property
(other than “off-the-shelf” shrink wrap software
commercially available on reasonable terms to any Person
(collectively, the “ Company Inbound License
Agreements ”), indicating for each the title and the
parties thereto. No licensing fees, royalties or payments are due
or payable by the Company in connection with any Company Inbound
License Agreement except as set forth on
Section 4.8.6.1 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule.
Section 4.8.6.2
Section 4.8.6.2 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all
license agreements (or forms or license agreements used by the
Company in the ordinary course and containing no material
deviations from such forms) under which the Company grants licenses
of Software or grants other rights in or to use or practice any
rights under any Intellectual Property (collectively, the “
Company Outbound License Agreements ”), indicating for
each the title and the parties thereto.
Section 4.8.6.3 There is no
outstanding or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened dispute
or disagreement with respect to any Company Inbound License
Agreement or any Company Outbound License Agreement. Correct and
complete executed copies of all Company Inbound License Agreements
and Company Outbound License Agreements have been made available to
Buyer.
Section 4.8.7 Domain Names
. Company is the sole owner of the Domain Names, and all such
Domain Names are currently registered by Company, as sole owner,
with an ICANN accredited registrar, and the registration fees are
paid through the date(s) listed on Section 4.8.7 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule. The Company is the owner or authorized
licensee of all content displayed on the Internet site associated
with each of the Domain Names (collectively, the “
Content ”), and no consent, license or approval from
any third party is required in connection with the sale or transfer
of the ownership of the Domain Names and the continued use of the
Content by the Surviving Corporation. To the Knowledge of the
Company, no facts or circumstances exist which could reasonably
form the basis of a challenge relating to Buyer’s
unencumbered use of the Domain Names or Content, or any part
thereof.
Section 4.8.8 Ownership;
Sufficiency of Intellectual Property Assets . The Company owns
or possesses adequate licenses or other rights to use, free and
clear of Encumbrances (except in the case of licenses, the
interests of the licensing party), orders, arbitration awards and
contingent licenses arising from termination provisions (or other
causes) in agreements between the Company and any other Person, all
of its Intellectual Property. The Intellectual Property identified
in Section 4.8.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
together with Trade Secrets, Company Owned Copyrights, the
Company’s unregistered Copyrights and the Company’s
rights granted to it under the Company Inbound License Agreements,
constitute all the Intellectual Property rights and Company Inbound
License Agreements used in or necessary for the operation of the
Company Business as currently conducted and are all such
Intellectual Property rights and Company Inbound License Agreements
necessary to operate the Company Business after the Closing in
substantially the same manner as the Company Business has been
operated by the Company during the six (6) months prior to the
Closing.
Section 4.8.9 No Infringement
by the Company . The products used, manufactured, marketed,
sold or licensed by the Company, and all Intellectual Property used
in the conduct of the Company Business as currently conducted, do
not infringe upon, violate or constitute the unauthorized use of
any rights owned or controlled by any third party, including any
Intellectual Property of any third party. No litigation is now, or
since incorporation of Company has been, pending and no notice or
other claim has been received by the Company, (A) alleging
that the Company has engaged in any activity or conduct that
infringes upon, violates or constitutes the unauthorized use of the
Intellectual Property rights of any third party, including any
contamination or misappropriation of trade secrets claims, or
(B) challenging the ownership, use, validity or enforceability
of any Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by or to
the Company.
Section 4.8.10 No Infringement
by Third Parties . To the Knowledge of the Company, no third
party is misappropriating, infringing, diluting or violating any
Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by the Company,
and no claims for any of the foregoing have been brought against
any third party by the Company. The Company has taken reasonable
steps in accordance with normal industry practice to protect its
Intellectual Property.
Section 4.8.11 Assignment;
Change of Control . The execution, delivery and performance by
the Company of this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and each of
the other documents contemplated hereby or thereby to which it is a
party, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby, will not result in the loss or impairment of, or give
rise to any right of any third party to terminate, any of the
Company’s rights to own any of its Intellectual Property or
rights under any Company Inbound License Agreement or Company
Outbound License Agreement, nor require the consent of any
Governmental Authority or third party in respect of any such
Intellectual Property.
Section 4.8.12 Software .
The Software owned or purported to be owned by the Company was: (i)
developed by employees of the Company within the scope of their
employment; (ii) developed by independent contractors who have
assigned their rights to the Company pursuant to written
agreements; or (iii) otherwise acquired by the Company from a third
party who assigned all Intellectual Property rights in the Software
to the Company. The Software performs in accordance with its
documentation in all material respects free of any bugs, viruses or
programming errors materially affecting any or all of its
functionality. None of the Software is, in whole or in part,
subject to the provisions of any open source or quasi-open source
license agreement or any other agreement obligating the Company to
make source code available to third parties or publish source code.
The Company has made no submission or suggestion and is not subject
to any agreement with standards bodies or other entities which
would obligate the Company to grant licenses to or otherwise impair
its control of its Intellectual Property. The Software contains all
current revisions of such Software, and includes all computer
programs, materials, tapes, know-how, object and source codes,
other written materials, know-how and processes related to the
Software. Company has delivered to Buyer complete and correct
copies of the Software in its current form and all user and
technical documentation related thereto. Company has kept secret
and has not disclosed the source code for the Software to any
person or entity other than certain employees of Company who are
subject to the terms of a binding confidentiality agreement with
respect thereto. Company does not have any obligation to compensate
any person for the development, use, sale or exploitation of the
Software nor has Company granted to any other person or entity any
license, option or other rights to develop, use, sell or exploit in
any manner the Software whether requiring the payment of royalties
or not. e:1.0pt
Section 4.8.13 Encryption
Technology . The Company Business as currently conducted and as
currently proposed to be conducted complies with all Applicable
Laws, rules and regulations, whether domestic or foreign, regarding
encryption technology, including, without limitation, the import
and export thereof.
Section 4.8.14 Performance of
Existing Products . The Company’s existing and currently
manufactured and marketed products perform, free of material
defects, the functions described in any agreed specifications or
end user documentation, press releases or other information
provided to Buyer or to customers or potential customers of the
Company on which such customers or potential customers relied or
would reasonably be expected to rely upon when licensing or
otherwise acquiring such products and the Company has not been
notified, either in writing or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
verbally, that such products do not perform as set forth above. To
the extent that the Company’s products have not been
launched, the Company has fully disclosed to Buyer in writing all
currently known technical problems or concerns associated with such
products that affect the performance of the Company’s
products.
Section 4.8.15 Use of User
Data.
Section 4.8.15.1 The
Company’s use, license, sublicense and sale of any User Data
collected from users at www.webshots.com and any co-branded
websites which the Company manages have complied in all material
respects with the Company’s published privacy policy and
terms of use at the time such User Data was collected
(collectively, the “ Company Policies ”),
excluding any violation that, if disclosed, would not reasonably be
expected to result in a material claim against the
Company.
Section 4.8.15.2 The Company is
in compliance in all material respects with all U.S. federal or
state Applicable Laws and contractual obligations binding on the
Company that relate to or govern the compilation, use and transfer
of User Data.
Section 4.8.15.3 There is no
Proceeding (including any audit or investigation) pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, by any Person or any
Governmental Authority involving the use, disclosure or transfer of
any User Data by the Company, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company,
has the Company been contacted by any Governmental Authority
regarding the use, disclosure or transfer of any User Data by the
Company.
Section 4.8.15.4 None of the
Company Policies prohibits the transfer of User Data to Buyer and
its Affiliates pursuant to Buyer’s acquisition of the
websites of the Company pursuant to this Agreement (it being
understood that, following such transfer, such User Data remains
subject to the applicable use limitations set forth in such Company
Policies).
Section 4.8.15.5 To the Knowledge
of the Company, no Person has obtained unauthorized access to User
Data stored on the computer systems of the Company (including,
without limitation, any User Data contained in any hard copy
printouts), nor has there been any other unauthorized acquisition
of material computerized data of the Company (including, without
limitation, any data contained in any hard copy printouts) that has
compromised the security, confidentiality or integrity of any User
Data maintained by the Company in any material manner.
Section 4.9 Employee Benefit
Matters.
Section 4.9.1 Section
4.9.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete
list of Employee Plans which cover or have covered employees of the
Company. True and complete copies of each of the following
documents have been delivered by the Company to Buyer: (i) each
Employee Plan (and, if applicable, related trust agreements,
annuity contracts or other funding instruments) which covers or has
covered employees of the Company and all amendments thereto, all
current summary plan descriptions, the most recent summary of
material modifications (as defined in ERISA) and all written
interpretations and descriptions thereof which the Company
generally distributes to participants therein and a complete
description of any Employee Plan which is not in writing, (ii) the
most recent determination letter issued by the Internal Revenue
Service and any opinion letter issued by the Department of Labor
with respect to each Pension Plan and each voluntary
employees’ beneficiary association as defined under Section
501(c)(9) of the Code (other than a Multiemployer Plan) which
covers or has covered employees of the Company, (iii) for the two
(2) most recent plan years, Annual Reports on Form 5500 Series
required to be filed with any governmental agency for each Pension
Plan or Welfare Plan which covers or has covered employees of the
Company, (iv) a description of complete age, salary, service
and related data as of the last day of the last plan year for
employees and former employees of the Company, and (v) a
description setting forth the amount of any liability of the
Company as of the Closing Date for payments more than thirty (30)
calendar days past due with respect to any Welfare Plan.
Section 4.9.2 Pension
Plans.
Section 4.9.2.1 No Pension Plan
is or was at any time subject to Title IV or Part 3 of Title I of
ERISA or Section 412 of the Code and neither the Company nor any
ERISA Affiliate is subject to any liability under Title IV or Part
3 of Title I of ERISA.
Section 4.9.2.2 Each Pension Plan
and each related trust agreement, annuity contract or other funding
instrument which covers or has covered employees or former
employees of the Company which has been operated as a qualified
plan (1) has received a favorable determination letter from the
Internal Revenue Service stating that such Pension Plan and each
related trust is qualified and tax-exempt under the provisions of
Code Sections 401(a) (or 403(a), as appropriate) and 501(a) and (2)
to the Knowledge of the Company has been so qualified during the
period from its adoption to date.
Section 4.9.2.3 Each Pension Plan
and each related trust agreement, annuity contract or other funding
instrument which covers or has covered employees or former
employees of the Company currently complies in all material
respects and has been maintained in compliance in all material
respects with its terms and, both as to form and in operation, with
the requirements prescribed by any and all statutes, orders, rules
and regulations which are applicable to such plans, including,
without limitation, ERISA and the Code.
Section 4.9.3 Multiemployer
Plans . Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has any
liability with respect to a Multiemployer Plan, and no liability
will arise or be imposed on the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
under, or with respect to, any Multiemployer Plan.
Section 4.9.4 Welfare
Plans.
Section 4.9.4.1 Each Welfare Plan
which covers or has covered employees or former employees of the
Company currently complies in all material respects and has been
maintained in compliance in all material respects with its terms
and, both as to form and operation, with the requirements
prescribed by any and all statutes, orders, rules and regulations
which are applicable to such Welfare Plan, including, without
limitation, ERISA and the Code.
Section 4.9.4.2 Except as
required by COBRA, none of the Company, any ERISA Affiliate or any
Welfare Plan has any present or future obligation to make any
payment to, or with respect to any present or former employee of
the Company or any ERISA Affiliate pursuant to, any retiree medical
benefit plan, or other retiree Welfare Plan.
Section 4.9.4.3 Each Welfare Plan
which covers or has covered employees or former employees of the
Company and which is a “group health plan,” as defined
in Section 607(1) of ERISA, presently complies in all material
respects with and has been operated in compliance in all material
respects with provisions of COBRA.
Section 4.9.4.4 The insurance
policies, if any, relating to each Welfare Plan provide coverage
for each employee, consultant, independent contractor or retiree of
the Company (and, if applicable, its dependents) who has been
advised by the Company, whether through an Employee Plan or
otherwise, that he or she is covered by such Welfare
Plan.
Section 4.9.5 Benefit
Arrangements . Each Benefit Arrangement which covers or has
covered employees or former employees of the Company presently
complies and has been maintained in compliance in all material
respects with its terms and with the requirements prescribed by any
and all statutes, orders, rules and regulations which are
applicable to such Benefit Arrangement, including, without
limitation, the Code.
Section 4.9.6 Unrelated
Business Taxable Income; Unpaid Contributions . No Employee
Plan (or trust or other funding vehicle pursuant thereto) has
incurred any liability under Code Section 511. Neither the Company
nor any ERISA Affiliate has any liability for unpaid contributions
under Section 515 of ERISA with respect to any Pension Plan,
Multiemployer Plan or Welfare Plan.
Section 4.9.7 Fiduciary Duties
and Prohibited Transactions . Neither the Company nor any plan
fiduciary of any Welfare Plan or Pension Plan which covers or has
covered employees or former employees of the Company or any ERISA
Affiliate has engaged in, or has any liability in respect of, any
transaction in violation of Sections 404 or 406 of ERISA or any
“prohibited transaction,” as defined in Section
4975(c)(1) of the Code, or has otherwise violated the provisions of
Part 4 of Title I, Subtitle B of ERISA so as to
create any liability of the Company or any Welfare )Plan or Pension
Plan. The Company has not participated in a violation of
Part 4 of Title I, Subtitle B of ERISA by any
fiduciary of any Welfare Plan or Pension Plan, and the Company has
not been assessed any civil penalty under Section 502(l) of
ERISA.
Section 4.9.8 Litigation .
There is no action, order, writ, injunction, judgment or decree
outstanding or claim (other than routine claims for benefits),
suit, litigation, proceeding, arbitration proceeding, governmental
audit or investigation relating to or seeking benefits under any
Employee Plan that is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
anticipated or threatened against the Company, any ERISA Affiliate
or any Employee Plan.
Section 4.9.9 No
Amendments . Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has
announced to employees, former employees, consultants or directors
an intention to create, or otherwise created, a legally binding
commitment to adopt any additional Employee Plan which is intended
to cover employees or former employees of the Company or to amend
or modify any existing Employee Plan which covers or has covered
employees or former employees of the Company.
Section 4.9.10 [intentionally
left blank]
Section 4.9.11 Insurance
Contracts . No Employee Plan holds as an asset of any Employee
Plan any interest in any annuity contract, guaranteed investment
contract or any other investment or insurance contract issued by an
insurance company that is the subject of bankruptcy,
conservatorship or rehabilitation proceedings.
Section 4.9.12 No Acceleration
or Creation of Rights . Neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements by the Company nor the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby
will result in the acceleration or creation of any rights of any
person to benefits under any Employee Plan (including, without
limitation, the acceleration of the vesting or exercisability of
any stock options, the acceleration of the vesting of any
restricted stock, the acceleration of the accrual or vesting of any
benefits under any Pension Plan or the acceleration or creation of
any rights under any severance, parachute or change in control
agreement).
Section 4.9.13 No Other
Material Liability . To the Knowledge of the Company, no event
has occurred in connection with which the Company, any ERISA
Affiliate or any Employee Plan, directly or indirectly, could be
subject to any material liability (other than the payment of
benefits under the terms of such Employee Plan) (A) under any
statute, regulation or governmental order relating to any Employee
Plan or (B) pursuant to any obligation of the Company to indemnify
any person against liability incurred under any such statute,
regulation or order as they relate to the Employee
Plans.
Section 4.10 Labor and Other
Employment Matters.
Section 4.10.1 Schedule
4.10.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete
and accurate list (giving name, job title, credited service,
current annual compensation (including a separate statement of base
salary, bonus and benefits for each individual)) of each current
Company Business Employee and his or her current employer. Each
current Company Business Employee is in good standing with his or
her respective employer. The Company is not and has never been
delinquent in payments to any Company Business Employees or Company
Business Independent Contractors for any wages, salaries,
commissions, bonuses or other direct compensation for any services
performed for it or amounts required to be reimbursed to such
employee or independent contractor, as the case may be. The Company
is and has always been in compliance with all Applicable Law
respecting labor, employment, immigration, fair employment
practices, terms and conditions of employment, workers’
compensation, occupational safety, plant closings, wages and hours.
The Company has withheld all amounts required by Applicable Law or
by agreement to be withheld from the wages, salaries, and other
payments to employees; and the Company is not and has never been
liable for any arrears of wages or any penalty for failure to
comply with any of the foregoing. The Company is not and has never
been liable for any payment to any trust or other fund or to any
Governmental Authority, with respect to unemployment compensation
benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for
employees (other than routine payments to be made in the ordinary
course of business and consistent with past practice). The
employment of all persons presently employed or retained by the
Company is terminable at will.
Section 4.10.2 There are no
pending claims against the Company under any workers’
compensation plan or policy or for long-term disability. The
Company is not bound by or subject to (and none of its assets or
properties are bound by or subject to) any written or oral, express
or implied, contract, commitment or arrangement with any labor
union, and no labor union has requested or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, has sought to represent any of the employees,
representatives or agents of the Company. There is no strike or
other labor dispute involving the Company pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened. The Company has never
received any demand letters, civil rights charges, suits, drafts of
suits, administrative claims of or from any of its employees. There
are no controversies pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened, between the Company and any Company Business Employees
or Company Business Independent Contractors, which controversies
have or could reasonably be expected to result in an action, suit,
proceeding, claim, arbitration or investigation before any
Governmental Authority.
Section 4.10.3 To the Knowledge
of the Company, no Company Business Employees or Company Business
Independent Contractors are or have ever been in violation of any
term of any employment contract, non-disclosure agreement,
noncompetition agreement, or any restrictive covenant to a former
employer relating to the right of any such employee to be employed
by the Company because of the nature of the business conducted or
presently proposed to be conducted by the Company or to the use of
trade secrets or proprietary information of others. To the
Knowledge of the Company, no Company Business Employees or Company
Business Independent Contractors are or have ever been in violation
of any term of any employment contract, non-disclosure agreement,
noncompetition agreement, or any restrictive covenant relating to
the Company Business.
Section 4.10.4 No current Company
Business Employee has given notice to the Company, nor is the
Company otherwise aware, that any such Company Business Employee
intends to terminate his or her employment with the Company. No
current Company Business Independent Contractor has given notice to
the Company, nor is the Company otherwise aware, that any such
Company Business Independent Contractor intends to terminate his or
her relationship with the Company. The Company is in compliance
with all Applicable Laws concerning the classification of employees
and independent contractors and has properly classified all such
Persons for purposes of participation in the Employee
Plans.
Section 4.11 Tax
Matters.
Section 4.11.1 Filing of Tax
Returns . The Company has duly and timely filed with the
appropriate Tax authorities all Tax Returns required to be filed.
All such Tax Returns are complete and accurate in all material
respects. All Taxes due and owing by any of the Company on or
before the date hereof (whether or not shown on any Tax Returns)
have been paid. The Company is not currently the beneficiary of any
extension of time within which to file any Tax Return. No claim has
ever been made by a Tax authority in a jurisdiction where the
Company does not file Tax Returns that it is or may be subject to
taxation by that jurisdiction.
Section 4.11.2 Payment of
Taxes . The unpaid Taxes of the Company (i) did not, as of the
dates of the Interim Period Unaudited Company Financial Statements,
exceed the reserve for Tax liability (excluding any reserve for
deferred Taxes established to reflect timing differences between
book and Tax income) set forth on the face of the Interim Period
Unaudited Company Balance Sheet (rather than in any notes thereto),
and (ii) will not exceed such reserve as reflected on the face of
the Closing Balance Sheet (rather than in any notes thereto). Since
December 31, 2003, the Company has not incurred any liability for
Taxes outside the ordinary course of business or otherwise
inconsistent with past custom and practice. For purposes of this
representation, Taxes shall be allocated in the manner set forth in
the last sentence in Section 7.3.
Section 4.11.3 Audits,
Investigations or Claims . No deficiencies for Taxes with
respect to the Company have been claimed or proposed in writing or
assessed by a Tax authority. There are no pending or, to the
Company’s Knowledge, threatened audits, assessments or other
actions for or relating to any liability in respect of Taxes of the
Company. There are no matters under discussion with any Tax
Authority, or known to the Company, with respect to Taxes that are
likely to result in an additional liability for Taxes with respect
to the Company. The Company has delivered or made available to
Buyer complete and accurate copies of federal, state and local
income Tax Returns of the Company and its predecessors for the
years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, and complete and
accurate copies of all examination reports and statements of
deficiencies assessed against or agreed to by any of the Company or
any predecessors since December 31, 2001, with respect to Taxes of
any type. Neither the Company nor any predecessor has waived any
statute of limitations in respect of Taxes or agreed to any
extension of time with respect to a Tax assessment or deficiency,
nor has any request been made in writing for any such extension or
waiver. No power of attorney (other than powers of attorney
authorizing employees of the Company to act on behalf of the
Company) with respect to any Taxes has been executed or filed with
any Tax authority.
Section 4.11.4 Liens .
There are no liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company (other
than with respect to liens for Taxes not yet due and
payable).
Section 4.11.5 No
Withholding . The Company has not been a United States real
property holding corporation within the meaning of Section
897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in
Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code. The Company has withheld and
paid all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in
connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent
contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party.
Section 4.11.6 Other Entity
Liability . The Company does not have any liability for the
Taxes of any other Person (other than the Company) under Treasury
Regulation Section 1.1502–6 (or any similar provision of
state, local, or foreign Law), as a transferee, by contract, or
otherwise. The Company has not been a member of an affiliated group
filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return.
Section 4.11.7 Tax Sharing
Agreements . There are no Tax sharing agreements or similar
arrangements (including indemnity arrangements) with respect to or
involving the Company, and, after the Closing Date, the Company
shall not be bound by any such Tax sharing agreements or similar
arrangements or have any liability thereunder for amounts due in
respect of periods prior to the Closing Date.
Section 4.11.8 Spin-Offs .
The Company has not distributed the stock of any corporation in a
transaction satisfying the requirements of Section 355 of the Code
since April 16, 1997, and the stock of the Company has not been
distributed in a transaction satisfying the requirements of Section
355 of the Code since April 16, 1997.
Section 4.11.9 Tax
Elections . The Company (i) has not consented at any time
under former Section 341(f)(1) of the Code to have the
provisions of former Section 341(f)(2) of the Code apply to
any disposition of the assets of the Company; (ii) has not
agreed, and is not required, to make any adjustment under
Section 481(a) of the Code for any period after the
Closing Date by reason of a change in accounting method or
otherwise; (iii) has not made an election, and is not
required, to treat any of its assets as owned by another Person
pursuant to the provisions of former Section 168(f) of the
Code or as tax–exempt bond financed property or
tax–exempt use property within the meaning of
Section 168 of the Code; (iv) has not acquired and does
not own any assets that directly or indirectly secure any debt the
interest on which is tax exempt under Section 103(a) of
the Code; (v) has not made and will not make a consent dividend
election under Section 565 of the Code; or (vi) made any of the
foregoing elections or is required to apply any of the foregoing
rules under any comparable state or local Tax provision.
Section 4.11.10 Partnerships,
Single Member LLCs, CFCs, PHCs, and PFICs . The Company (i) is
not a partner for Tax purposes with respect to any joint venture,
partnership, or other arrangement or Contract which is treated as a
partnership for Tax purposes, (ii) does not own a single member
limited liability company which is treated as a disregarded entity,
(iii) is a shareholder of a “controlled foreign
corporation” as defined in Section 957 of the Code (or any
similar provision of state, local or foreign law), (iv) is not a
“personal holding company” as defined in Section 542 of
the Code (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law),
and (v) is not a shareholder of a “passive foreign investment
company” within the meaning of Section 1297 of the
Code.
Section 4.11.11 Permanent
Establishments . The Company does not have and has not had a
permanent establishment in any foreign country, as defined in any
applicable Tax treaty or convention between the United States of
America and such foreign country.
Section 4.11.12 Disallowance
of Interest Deductions . None of the outstanding indebtedness
of the Company constitutes indebtedness with respect to which any
interest deductions may be disallowed under Sections 163(i) or
163(l) or 279 of the Code or under any other provision of
applicable law.
Section 4.11.13 S Corporation
Status . The Company has been a validly electing S corporation
within the meaning of Code Sections 1361 and 1362 (and any
comparable state or local Tax provisions) at all times during its
existence, and the Company will be an S corporation up to and
including the Closing Date.
Section 4.11.14 Built-in
Gain . The Company will not be liable for any Tax under
Section 1374 of the Code in connection with the deemed sale of its
assets caused by the Section 338(h)(10) Election. The Company has
not, in the past 10 years, (i) acquired assets from another
corporation in a transaction in which the Company’s Tax basis
for the acquired assets was determined, in whole or part, by
reference to the Tax basis of the acquired assets in the hands of
the transferor or (ii) acquired the stock of any corporation which
is a “qualified subchapter S subsidiary” within the
meaning of Section 1361(b)(3)(B) of the Code.
Section 4.11.15 Tax
Shelters . The Company has not entered into any transaction
identified as a “listed transaction” for purposes of
Treasury Regulations §§ 1.6011-4(b)(2) or
301.6111-2(b)(2). If the Company has entered into any transaction
such that, if the treatment claimed by it were to be disallowed,
the transaction would constitute a substantial understatement of
federal income tax within the meaning of Code Section 6662, then it
believes that it has either (x) substantial authority for the tax
treatment of such transaction or (y) disclosed on its Tax Return
the relevant facts affecting the tax treatment of such
transaction.
Section 4.12 Legal
Proceedings . There are no legal, administrative, arbitral or
other proceedings (including disciplinary proceedings), claims,
suits, actions or governmental or regulatory investigations of any
nature (collectively, “ Proceedings ”) that are
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened (i) against
the Company, any of the Company Assets or the Company Business or
that challenge the validity or propriety of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement or by any of the Ancillary
Agreements; (ii) involving any of the Company’s products; or
(iii) challenging the Company’s right to use any products
owned or licensed by any of the Company’s vendors. There is
no injunction, order, judgment, decree or regulatory restriction
imposed upon the Company, any of the Company Assets or the Company
Business.
Section 4.13 Compliance with
Applicable Law.
Section 4.13.1 The Company holds,
and at all times has held, and at Closing will hold, all licenses,
franchises, decrees, permits and authorizations required under
Applicable Law (collectively, “ Permits ”) for
the lawful ownership, operation and use of the Company Assets and
the conduct of the Company Business under and pursuant to, and has
complied with each, and the Company is not in default under any
Applicable Law relating to the Company or any of its assets,
properties or operations in any material respect, and to the
Company’s Knowledge there are no outstanding material
violations of any of the above, and the Company has not received
notice asserting any such violation. The Company has been and is in
compliance with all Permits. Section 4.13.1 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of all
Permits currently held by the Company.
Section 4.13.2 No Governmental
Authority has initiated, and no Governmental Authority has provided
notice to the Company of any threatened proceeding or investigation
into the business or operations of the Company or any of its
officers, directors or employees in their capacity as such with the
Company and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no such proceedings
or investigations are contemplated. There is no unresolved
deficiency, violation or exception claimed or asserted by any
Governmental Authority with respect to any examination of any of
the Company.
Section 4.14 Environmental
Matters . The Company (v) is in compliance with all, and is not
subject to any liability, in each case with respect to any,
applicable Environmental Laws, (w) holds or has applied for all
Environmental Permits necessary to conduct their current
operations, and (x) is in compliance with its Environmental
Permits. The Company has not received any notice, demand, letter,
claim or request for information alleging that the Company may be
in violation of, or liable under, any Environmental Law. The
Company (y) has not entered into or agreed to any consent decree or
order or is subject to any judgment, decree or judicial order
relating to compliance with Environmental Laws, Environmental
Permits or the investigation, sampling, monitoring, treatment,
remediation, removal or cleanup of Hazardous Materials and no
investigation, litigation or other proceeding is pending or
threatened with respect thereto, or (z) is an indemnitor in
connection with any claim threatened or asserted by any third-party
indemnitee for any liability under any Environmental Law or
relating to any Hazardous Materials. The Company does not use any
Hazardous Materials in the conduct or operation of the Company
Business. None of the real property owned or leased by the Company
is listed or, to the Knowledge of the Company, proposed for listing
on the “National Priorities List” under CERCLA, as
updated through the date hereof, or any similar state or foreign
list of sites requiring investigation or cleanup.
Section 4.15 Properties .
The Company has good and marketable title to, or valid leasehold
interests in, all of its properties and assets. All such assets and
properties, other than assets and properties in which the Company
has a leasehold interest, are free and clear of all Encumbrances.
The Company has complied with the terms of all leases to which it
is a party and under which it is in occupancy, and all such leases
are in full force and effect. The Company enjoys peaceful and
undisturbed possession under all such leases.
Section 4.15 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets
forth a complete list of all real property and interests in real
property owned or leased by the Company and a true and complete
list of all personal property, equipment and fixtures (other than
items or categories of items having a book value of less than
$5,000 individually) owned by the Company, all of which personal
property, equipment and fixtures are in good condition, normal wear
and tear excepted.
Section 4.16 Insurance .
Section 4.16 of the Company Disclosure Schedule includes a
list of all policies of fire, liability, product liability,
workmen’s compensation, health and other forms of insurance
presently in effect with respect to the Company Business (the
“ Company Insurance Policies ”), including the
named insured(s) and all beneficiaries thereunder, true and
complete copies of which have been delivered to, or made available
for review by, Buyer. All Company Insurance Policies are valid,
outstanding and enforceable policies and provide insurance coverage
for the Company Assets and operation of the Company Business, of
the kinds, in the amounts and against the risks required to comply
with Applicable Law and/or any contractual or other obligations,
and such policies are of the scope and amount customary and
reasonable for the businesses in which the Company has engaged. The
Company has not been refused any insurance with respect to any
aspect of the operations of its business, nor has its coverage been
limited by any insurance carrier to which it has applied for
insurance or with which it has carried insurance. No notice of
cancellation or termination has been received with respect to any
such policy. The activities and operations of the Company have been
conducted in a manner so as to materially conform to all applicable
provisions of the Company Insurance Policies.
Section 4.17 No Broker .
No broker, finder or similar intermediary has acted for or on
behalf of, or is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s or
similar fee or other commission from, the Company or any of its
Affiliates in connection with this Agreement, any of the Ancillary
Agreements or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. The
Company has heretofore provided to Buyer a complete copy of all
agreements between the Company and any broker, finder or similar
intermediary pursuant to which such Person would be entitled to any
payment relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
or any of the Ancillary Agreements.
Section 4.18 Absence of
Certain Changes or Events. Since December 31, 2003, there has
not been any:
Section 4.18.1 Company Material
Adverse Effect or any event or development that could, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect;
Section 4.18.2 failure to operate
the Company Business in the ordinary course so as to use all
commercially reasonable efforts to preserve the Company Business
intact and to preserve the continued services of the
Company’s employees and the goodwill of suppliers, customers
and others having business relations with the Company;
Section 4.18.3 resignation or
termination of any key employee or independent contractor, officer
or manager, or any increase in the rate of compensation payable or
to become payable to any officer or manager of the Company (other
than general, regularly-scheduled reviews), including the making of
any loan to, or the payment, grant or accrual of any bonus,
incentive compensation, service award or other similar benefit to,
any such Person, or the addition to, modification of, or increased
contribution to any Employee Plan;
Section 4.18.4 sale, assignment,
license, transfer or Encumbrance of any of the Company Assets,
tangible or intangible, singly or in the aggregate, other than
sales of products and services in the ordinary course of business
and consistent with past practice;
Section 4.18.5 new Contracts, or
extensions, modifications, terminations or renewals thereof, except
for Contracts entered into, modified or terminated in the ordinary
course of business and consistent with past practice;
Section 4.18.6 change in
accounting methods or practices by the Company or revaluation by
the Company of any of the Company Assets, including writing off or
establishing reserves with respect to inventory, notes or accounts
receivable (other than for which adequate reserves have been
previously established);
Section 4.18.7 damage,
destruction or loss (whether or not covered by insurance) which has
had a Company Material Adverse Effect;
Section 4.18.8 declaration,
setting aside or payment of any dividend or distribution in respect
of any capital stock of the Company or any redemption, purchase or
other acquisition of any equity securities of the
Company;
Section 4.18.9 failure to pay any
material obligation of the Company when due;
Section 4.18.10 cancellation of
any indebtedness or waiver of any rights of substantial value to
the Company, except in the ordinary course of business and
consistent with past practice;
Section 4.18.11 indebtedness
incurred by the Company for borrowed money or any commitment to
borrow money entered into by the Company, or any loans made or
agreed to be made by the Company;
Section 4.18.12 acquisition of
any equity interest in any other Person; Section 4.18.13 adoption,
modification or termination of any Employee Plan; or
Section 4.18.14 agreement by the
Company directly or indirectly to do any of the
foregoing.
Section 4.19 Sufficiency of
and Title to Assets . The Company owns, and upon the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
Buyer or the Surviving Corporation will own, all right, title and
interest in and to all of the properties, assets and rights of any
kind, whether tangible or intangible, real or personal (including,
without limitation, the Company’s Intellectual Property),
necessary to enable the Company (prior to the Closing) and Buyer
and the Surviving Corporation (after the Closing) to conduct the
Company Business (the “ Company Assets ”), free
and clear of any Encumbrances. Except for those licenses, consents
and payments set forth on Section 4.19 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, which licenses, consents and payments have
been duly obtained or made, as the case may be, no licenses or
consents from, or payments to, any Person are or will be necessary
for Buyer to use any of the Company Assets in substantially the
manner in which the Company and its Affiliates have used the
Company Assets. No restrictions will exist on Buyer’s right
to sell, resell, license or sublicense any of the Company Assets or
engage in the Company Business, nor will any such restrictions be
placed on Buyer as a consequence of the Merger or any of the other
transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the Ancillary
Agreements. The Company has sole right, title and interest in and
to all of the assets on the Interim Period Unaudited Company
Balance Sheet, free and clear of any Encumbrances. Section
4.19 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all
Contracts, Company Assets or any other assets used in the Company
Business that are owned by any Person other than the
Company.
Section 4.20 Potential
Conflicts of Interest. Neither the Company nor, to the
Knowledge of the Company, any director or officer of the
Company:
Section 4.20.1 owns, directly or
indirectly, any interest in (excepting less than one percent (1%)
stock holdings for investment purposes in securities of publicly
traded companies), or is an officer, director, employee or
consultant of, any Person that carries on business in competition
with the Company; or
Section 4.20.2 has any claim
against, or owes any amount to, the Company, except for claims for
salary, commissions, accrued vacation pay and accrued benefits
under Employee Plans.
Section 4.21 Transactions with
Affiliates . No Contract, understanding or arrangement between
the Company, on the one hand, and any of its directors, officers or
security holders, on the other hand, will continue in effect
subsequent to the Closing Date. After the Closing, none of the
Shareholders will have any interest in any Company Asset. None of
the Shareholders provides any material services to the Company
other than in his or her capacity as an employee of the
Company.
Section 4.22 Governmental
Regulation . The Company is not an “