AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
Dated as of December 19,
2005
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Page
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1
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1
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Section 1.2 Effective Time
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1
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Section 1.3 Effect of the Merger
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2
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Section 1.4 Certificate of Incorporation;
By-laws
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2
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Section 1.5 Directors and
Officers
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2
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ARTICLE II EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE STOCK OF
THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
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2
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Section 2.1 Conversion of
Securities
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2
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Section 2.2 Treatment of Options and Other
Equity Awards
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3
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Section 2.3 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan
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4
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Section 2.4 Dissenting Shares
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4
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Section 2.5 Surrender of Shares; Stock
Transfer Books
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4
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6
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ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
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6
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Section 3.1 Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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6
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Section 3.2 Certificate of Incorporation
and By-laws
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6
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Section 3.3 Capitalization
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7
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Section 3.4 Authority Relative to the
Merger
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8
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Section 3.5 No Conflict; Required Filings
and Consents
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9
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Section 3.6 Permits; Compliance
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9
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Section 3.7 SEC Filings; Financial
Statements
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10
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Section 3.8 Absence of Certain Changes or
Events
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11
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Section 3.9 Absence of
Litigation
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11
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Section 3.10 Employee Benefit
Plans
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12
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Section 3.11 Labor and Employment
Matters
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15
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Section 3.12 Intellectual
Property
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16
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19
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Section 3.14 Environmental
Matters
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20
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Section 3.15 Amendment to Company Rights
Agreement
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21
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Section 3.16 Material Contracts
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21
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Section 3.17 Proxy Statement
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23
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Section 3.18 Opinion of Financial
Advisor
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24
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24
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Section 3.20 Title to Assets
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24
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24
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Section 3.22 Restrictions on Business
Activities
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24
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ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB
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24
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Section 4.1 Corporate
Organization
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25
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i
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Page
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Section 4.2 Authority Relative to the
Merger
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25
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Section 4.3 No Conflict; Required Filings
and Consents
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25
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26
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Section 4.5 Proxy Statement
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27
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27
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ARTICLE V CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE
MERGER
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27
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Section 5.1 Conduct of Business by the
Company Pending the Effective Time
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27
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ARTICLE VI ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
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31
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Section 6.1 Stockholders’
Meeting
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31
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Section 6.2 Proxy Statement;
Schedule 13E-3
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31
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Section 6.3 Access to Information;
Confidentiality
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31
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Section 6.4 No Solicitation of Competing
Transactions
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32
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Section 6.5 Employee Benefits
Matters
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34
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Section 6.6 Directors’ and
Officers’ Indemnification and Insurance
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35
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Section 6.7 Notification of Certain
Matters
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37
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Section 6.8 Further Action; Reasonable
Commercial Efforts
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37
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Section 6.9 Financing
Arrangements
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39
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Section 6.10 Public
Announcements
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39
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ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
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40
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Section 7.1 Conditions to Each
Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger
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40
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Section 7.2 Conditions to Obligations of
Parent and Merger Sub
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40
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Section 7.3 Conditions to Obligation of the
Company
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41
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ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND
WAIVER
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42
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42
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Section 8.2 Effect of
Termination
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43
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Section 8.3 Fees and Expenses
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43
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44
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44
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ARTICLE IX GENERAL PROVISIONS
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44
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Section 9.1 Non-Survival of
Representations, Warranties and Agreements
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44
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45
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Section 9.3 Certain Definitions
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45
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51
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Section 9.5 Entire Agreement;
Assignment
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51
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Section 9.6 Parties in Interest
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51
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Section 9.7 Specific Performance
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51
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Section 9.8 Governing Law
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51
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51
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Section 9.10 Counterparts
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52
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Section 9.11 Company Disclosure
Schedule
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52
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ii
AGREEMENT AND PLAN
OF MERGER, dated as of December 19, 2005 (this
“Agreement”), among Perseus Holding Corp., a Delaware
corporation (“Parent”), 406 Acquisition Corp., a
Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent
(“Merger Sub”), and Pegasus Solutions, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”).
WHEREAS, a Special
Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company has
(i) determined that the Merger (as defined below) is advisable
and in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders
(other than the Buying Parties (as defined below)), and
(ii) approved the Merger and recommended approval of the
Merger by the Board of Directors of the Company;
WHEREAS, the
Boards of Directors of Parent and the Merger Sub and, subsequent to
the recommendation of such Special Committee, the Board of
Directors of the Company have each approved and declared advisable
the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the
“Merger”) in accordance with the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) upon the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, whereby each
issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of the Company (“Shares”), not owned directly or
indirectly by Parent or the Company, will be exchanged for $9.50 in
cash (the “Merger Consideration”);
WHEREAS, the
Boards of Directors of Parent and Merger Sub have each declared the
Merger to be in the best interests of their respective stockholders
and the Board of Directors of the Company has declared the Merger
to in the best interest of the Company’s stockholders (other
than the Buying Parties); and
WHEREAS,
simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement, Parent, Merger
Sub and certain stockholders of the Company (each a “Buying
Party”) have entered into a contribution and voting agreement
(the “Contribution and Voting Agreement”), which is in
the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, pursuant to which,
among other things, those stockholders have agreed to exchange
certain of their Shares for shares of common stock of Parent and to
vote their Shares in favor of approving and adopting this Agreement
and the Merger.
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and
agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound
hereby, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company hereby agree as
follows:
Section 1.1
The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in Article VII, and in accordance with the DGCL, at
the Effective Time (as defined below), Merger Sub shall be merged
with and into the Company. As a result of the Merger, the separate
corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall
continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger (the
“Surviving Corporation”).
Section 1.2
Effective Time . Unless this Agreement shall have been
terminated and the transactions herein contemplated shall have been
abandoned pursuant to Section 8.1, as promptly as practicable
after the satisfaction or, if permissible, waiver of the conditions
set forth in Article VII, the parties hereto shall cause the
Merger to be consummated by filing a certificate of
merger
1
or certificate
of ownership and merger (in either case, the “Certificate of
Merger”) with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware, in such form as is required by, and executed in
accordance with, the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the date and
time of such filing of the Certificate of Merger (or such later
time as may be agreed by each of the parties hereto and specified
in the Certificate of Merger) being the “Effective
Time”).
Section 1.3
Effect of the Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of
the Merger shall be as provided in the applicable provisions of the
DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject
thereto, at the Effective Time, all the property (including real,
personal and mixed), rights, privileges, powers and franchises,
both public and private, of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest
in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities,
obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of each of the
Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities,
obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
Section 1.4
Certificate of Incorporation; By-laws .
(a) At
the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
shall be amended in the Merger to be identical to the Certificate
of Incorporation of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to
the Effective Time (except that such Certificate of Incorporation
shall be amended to provide the name of the Surviving Corporation
shall be the name of the Company), and shall be the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended
as provided by Law and such Certificate of
Incorporation.
(b) Unless
otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time, subject
to Section 6.6, at the Effective Time, the By-laws of Merger
Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be
the By-laws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended
as provided by Law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Surviving Corporation and such By-laws.
Section 1.5
Directors and Officers . The directors of Merger Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial
directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in
accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the
Surviving Corporation, and the officers of the Company immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation, in each case until their respective
successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified or until
their earlier death, resignation or removal.
ARTICLE II
EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES;
EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
Section 2.1
Conversion of Securities . At the Effective Time, by virtue
of the Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the
Company or the holders of any of the following
securities:
(a) each
Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time (other than any Shares to be canceled pursuant to
Section 2.1(b), Shares owned by any wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Company which shall remain outstanding (but shall not be
entitled to any Merger Consideration) and any Dissenting Shares (as
defined below)) shall be canceled and
2
shall be
converted automatically into the right to receive an amount equal
to the Merger Consideration payable, without interest, to the
holder of such Share, upon surrender, in the manner provided in
Section 2.5, of the certificate that formerly evidenced such
Share;
(b) each
Share held in the treasury of the Company and each Share owned by
Merger Sub or Parent or any direct or indirect subsidiary of Parent
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled and
retired without any conversion thereof and no payment or
distribution shall be made with respect thereto; and
(c) each
share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be converted into and exchanged for one validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation.
Section 2.2
Treatment of Options and Other Equity Awards .
(a) The
Company has awarded stock options and restricted shares under
(i) the 1996 Stock Option Plan, (ii) the 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan, and (iii) individual stock option agreements
not pursuant to a plan (which, for purposes of this Agreement,
themselves constitute separate plans) (each, as amended through the
date of this Agreement, and collectively referred to as the
“Company Stock Option Plans”). Between the date of this
Agreement and the Effective Time, the Company shall take all
necessary action (which action shall be effective as of the
Effective Time) to (A) terminate the Company Stock Option Plans and
(B) cancel, as of the Effective Time, each outstanding option
to purchase shares of Company Common Stock granted under the
Company Stock Option Plans (each, a “Company Stock
Option”) that is outstanding and unexercised, whether or not
vested or exercisable, as of such date (in each case, without the
creation of additional liability to the Company or any subsidiary
of the Company (each, a “Subsidiary”)).
(b) As
of the Effective Time, each holder of a Company Stock Option
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be entitled to
receive an amount of cash, without interest, equal to the product
of (i) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock
subject to such Company Stock Option multiplied by (ii) the
excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price
per share of such Company Stock Option (with the aggregate amount
of such payment to the holder to be rounded to the nearest cent),
less applicable withholding taxes, if any, required to be withheld
with respect to such payment. No holder of a Company Stock Option
that has an exercise price per Share that is equal to or greater
than the Merger Consideration shall be entitled to any payment with
respect to such cancelled Company Stock Option before or after the
Effective Time.
(c) As
of the Effective Time, each outstanding share of restricted Company
Common Stock granted under the Company Stock Option Plans (each, a
“Company Restricted Stock Award”), the restrictions of
which have not lapsed immediately prior to the Effective Time,
shall become fully vested and the holder thereof shall be entitled
to receive an amount in cash, without interest, equal to the Merger
Consideration, less applicable withholding taxes, if any, required
to be withheld with respect to such payment.
3
Section 2.3
Employee Stock Purchase Plan . The Company has taken all
actions necessary under the Company’s 2002 Third Amended and
Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan (formerly called the 1997
Employee Stock Purchase Plan) (the “ESPP”) to provide
that (a) all participants’ rights under all current
Offering Periods (as such term is defined in the ESPP) shall
terminate on December 31, 2005, and on such date all
accumulated payroll deductions allocated to each
participant’s account under the ESPP shall thereupon be used
to purchase from the Company whole Shares at a price determined
under the terms of the ESPP for that Offering Period, (b) no
new Offering Period shall commence on or after December 31,
2005, and (c) as of the close of business on December 31,
2005, the ESPP shall terminate. The Company shall take all
necessary actions so that on and after the date hereof (a) no
new offering or Offering Period shall commence under the ESPP,
(b) no new participant shall be admitted to participation in
the ESPP and (c) no current participant shall be entitled to
increase any payroll deduction contributions for any current
Offering Period. At the Effective Time, any Shares acquired under
the ESPP will be treated as provided in
Section 2.1.
Section 2.4
Dissenting Shares .
(a) Notwithstanding
any provision of this Agreement to the contrary and to the extent
available under the DGCL, Shares that are outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time and that are held by stockholders who
shall have neither voted in favor of the Merger nor consented
thereto in writing and who shall have demanded properly in writing
appraisal for such Shares in accordance with Section 262 of
the DGCL (or any successor provision) (collectively, the
“Dissenting Shares”) shall not be converted into, or
represent the right to receive, the Merger Consideration. Such
stockholders shall be entitled to receive payment of the appraised
value of such Shares held by them in accordance with the provisions
of such Section 262 (or any successor provision), except that
all Dissenting Shares held by stockholders who shall have failed to
perfect or who effectively shall have withdrawn or lost their
rights to appraisal of such Shares under such Section 262 (or
any successor provision) shall thereupon be deemed to have been
converted into, and to have become exchangeable for, as of the
Effective Time, the right to receive the Merger Consideration,
without any interest thereon, upon surrender, in the manner
provided in Section 2.5, of the certificate or certificates
that formerly evidenced such Shares.
(b) The
Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any demands for
appraisal received by the Company, withdrawals of such demands, and
any other instruments served pursuant to the DGCL and received by
the Company and (ii) the opportunity to direct all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to demands for appraisal
or the payment of the fair cash value of such Shares under the
DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent
of Parent, make any payment with respect to any demands for
appraisal or the payment of the fair cash value of such Shares or
offer to settle or settle any such demands.
Section 2.5
Surrender of Shares; Stock Transfer Books .
(a) Prior
to the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall designate a bank or trust
company to act as agent (the “Exchange Agent”) for the
holders of Shares to receive the funds to which holders of Shares
shall become entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(a) and shall
deposit with the Exchange Agent cash in an amount sufficient to pay
the aggregate Merger Consideration
4
(such cash
being hereinafter referred to as the “Exchange Fund”).
The Exchange Fund shall be invested by the Exchange Agent as
directed by the Surviving Corporation. As soon as reasonably
practicable after the Effective Time, the Exchange Agent, pursuant
to irrevocable instructions, shall deliver the aggregate Merger
Consideration to be paid pursuant to Section 2.1(a) out of the
Exchange Fund. The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other
purpose.
(b) Promptly
after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall cause to
be mailed to each person who was, at the Effective Time, a holder
of record of Shares entitled to receive the Merger Consideration
pursuant to Section 2.1(a) a form of letter of transmittal
(which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of
loss and title to the certificates evidencing such Shares (the
“Certificates”) shall pass, only upon proper delivery
of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent) and instructions for use
in effecting the surrender of the Certificates pursuant to such
letter of transmittal. Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of a
Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal, duly
completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions
thereto, and such other documents as may be required pursuant to
such instructions, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled
to receive in exchange therefor the Merger Consideration for each
Share formerly evidenced by such Certificate, and such Certificate
shall then be canceled. No interest shall accrue or be paid on the
Merger Consideration payable upon the surrender of any Certificate
for the benefit of the holder of such Certificate. If the payment
equal to the Merger Consideration is to be made to a person other
than the person in whose name the surrendered certificate formerly
evidencing Shares is registered on the stock transfer books of the
Company, it shall be a condition of payment that the certificate so
surrendered shall be endorsed properly or otherwise be in proper
form for transfer and that the person requesting such payment shall
have paid all transfer and other taxes required by reason of the
payment of the Merger Consideration to a person other than the
registered holder of the certificate surrendered, or shall have
established to the satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that
such taxes either have been paid or are not applicable. If any
holder of Shares is unable to surrender such holder’s
Certificates because such Certificates have been lost, stolen,
mutilated or destroyed, such holder may deliver in lieu thereof an
affidavit and indemnity bond in form and substance and with surety
reasonably satisfactory to the Surviving Corporation.
(c) At
any time following the sixth month after the Effective Time, the
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to require the Exchange
Agent to deliver to it any funds which have been made available to
the Exchange Agent and not disbursed to holders of Shares
(including, without limitation, all interest and other income
received by the Exchange Agent in respect of all funds made
available to it), and, thereafter, such holders shall be entitled
to look to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned
property, escheat and other similar laws) only as general creditors
thereof with respect to any Merger Consideration that may be
payable upon due surrender of the Certificates held by them.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Surviving Corporation
nor the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any holder of a Share for
any Merger Consideration delivered in respect of such Share to a
public official pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or
other similar laws.
(d) At
the close of business on the day of the Effective Time, the stock
transfer books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there
shall be no further registration of transfers of Shares on the
records of the Company. From and after the Effective Time,
the
5
holders of
Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares except as
otherwise provided herein or by applicable Law.
Section 2.6
Withholding . Each of Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving
Corporation and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and
withhold from any amounts otherwise payable pursuant to this
Agreement in respect of Shares such amount as it is required to
deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment
under the Code or any applicable Tax Law. To the extent that
amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall be treated for
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the
Shares in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made
by Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange
Agent, respectively.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
As an inducement
to Parent and Merger Sub to enter into this Agreement, the Company
hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub
that:
Section 3.1
Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries .
(a) Each
of the Company and each Subsidiary is a corporation, limited
liability company, limited partnership or other entity duly formed,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its formation and has the requisite power and
authority and all necessary governmental approvals to own, lease
and operate its properties and to carry on its business as it is
now being conducted. Each of the Company and each Subsidiary is
duly qualified or licensed as a foreign corporation, limited
liability company or limited partnership to do business, and is in
good standing, in each jurisdiction where the character of the
properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of its
business makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except
for such failures to be so qualified or licensed and in good
standing that would not reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
(b) A
true and complete list of all the Subsidiaries, together with the
jurisdiction of formation of each Subsidiary and the percentage of
the outstanding equity interests of each Subsidiary owned by the
Company, each other Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the
Company, each other holder of equity, is set forth in
Section 3.1(b) of the company disclosure schedule (the
“Company Disclosure Schedule”). Except as disclosed in
Section 3.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company
does not directly or indirectly own any equity or similar interest
in, or any right, warrant, option or other interest convertible
into or exchangeable or exercisable for any equity or similar
interest in, any corporation, partnership, Joint Venture or other
business association or entity.
Section 3.2
Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws . The Company has
made available to Parent true and correct copies of (a) the
Certificates of Incorporation, By-laws or equivalent organizational
documents of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries and
(b) any investor rights, voting, co-sale or other agreements
applicable to Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to
each of its Joint Ventures (the “Joint Venture
Documents”). The Certificates of Incorporation and By-laws,
or equivalent governing or organizational documents
6
and the Joint
Venture Documents of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries are
in full force and effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is
in violation of any of the provisions of its Joint Venture
Documents, Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or equivalent
organizational documents.
Section 3.3
Capitalization .
(a) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
(i) 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share (“Company Common Stock”) and (ii) 2,000,000
shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share
(“Company Preferred Stock”). As of December 15,
2005, (i) 20,766,199 Shares are issued and outstanding, all of
which are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable,
(ii) no Shares are held in the treasury of the Company and
(iii) 3,726,000 Shares (or such greater number as may be
issuable from time to time upon conversion pursuant to the
indenture relating to such notes) are reserved for issuance upon
conversion of the Company’s 3.875% Convertible Senior Notes
due 2023. As of December 15, 2005, the Company has sufficient
Shares authorized and reserved for any and all future issuances
pursuant to outstanding Company Stock Options and other rights
(together with the Company Restricted Stock Awards, the
“Company Stock Awards”) granted pursuant to the Company
Stock Option Plans and the ESPP. As of the date of this Agreement,
no shares of Company Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding.
Except as set forth in this Section 3.3 or in
Section 3.3(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, and except
for the Rights (as defined below) issued pursuant to the Company
Rights Agreement (as defined below), there are no options, warrants
or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any
character that are binding on the Company or any Subsidiary and
that relate to the issued or unissued capital stock or any other
equity interest of the Company or any Subsidiary or that obligate
the Company or any Subsidiary to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem or
otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of, or other equity
interests in, the Company or any Subsidiary. Section 3.3(a) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth the following
information with respect to each Company Stock Award outstanding as
of the date of this Agreement: (i) the name of the Company
Stock Award recipient; (ii) the particular plan pursuant to
which such Company Stock Award was granted; (iii) the number
of Shares subject to such Company Stock Award; (iv) the
exercise or purchase price of such Company Stock Award;
(v) the date on which such Company Stock Award was granted;
(vi) the applicable vesting schedule; (vii) the date on
which such Company Stock Award expires; and (viii) whether the
exercisability of or right to repurchase of such Company Stock
Award will be accelerated in any way by the Merger, and indicates
the extent of acceleration. All Shares subject to issuance as set
forth in this Section 3.3, upon issuance on the terms and
conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to which they are
issuable, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. There are no outstanding contractual obligations of
the Company or any Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire any Shares or any capital stock or any other equity
interest of any Subsidiary or to provide funds to, or make any
investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or
otherwise) in, any Subsidiary or any other person. Except as set
forth in Section 3.3(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
there are no commitments or agreements of any character to which
the Company is bound obligating the Company to accelerate the
vesting of any Company Stock Award as a result of the Merger. All
outstanding Shares, all outstanding Company Stock Awards and all
outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interest of
each Subsidiary have been issued and granted in compliance in all
material respects with (i) all applicable federal and
state
7
securities laws
and other applicable Laws and (ii) all requirements set forth
in applicable contracts (including, without limitation, any
preemptive or similar rights). Since April 1, 2005, the
Company has not declared or paid any dividend or distribution in
respect of any Shares or any other of its equity interests and has
not repurchased or redeemed any Shares or other equity interests,
and its Board of Directors has not resolved to do any of the
foregoing.
(b) Each
outstanding share of capital stock or other equity interest of each
Subsidiary is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable, and, except as set forth in Section 3.3(b) to the
Company Disclosure Schedule, each share or other equity interest
that is owned directly or indirectly by the Company is owned by the
Company or another Subsidiary free and clear of all security
interests, liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of first
refusal, preemptive rights, agreements, limitations on the
Company’s or any Subsidiary’s voting rights, charges
and other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever.
(c) As
of the date hereof, except as set forth in Section 3.3(c) to
the Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no indebtedness for
borrowed money of the Company or any Subsidiary
outstanding.
Section 3.4
Authority Relative to the Merger . The Company has all
necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate
the Merger and the transactions contemplated hereby (the
“Transactions”). The execution and delivery by the
Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of
the Merger and the Transactions have been duly and validly
authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no other
corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to
authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Merger (other than
the approval and adoption of this Agreement by the holders of a
majority of the then outstanding shares of Company Common Stock and
the filing and recordation of appropriate merger documents as
required by the DGCL). This Agreement has been duly and validly
executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due
authorization, execution and delivery by the other parties hereto,
constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company,
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or similar Laws (as defined below)
affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to the
effect of general principles of equity (regardless of whether
considered in a proceeding at law or in equity). The Board of
Directors of the Company (the “Company Board”), at a
meeting duly called and held, has unanimously (i) determined
that this Agreement and the Merger are fair to, and in the best
interests of, the holders of Shares, (ii) approved, adopted
and declared advisable this Agreement, the Merger and the
Transactions (such approval and adoption having been made in
accordance with the DGCL, including, without limitation,
Section 203 thereof) and (iii) resolved, subject to
Section 6.4(c), to recommend that the holders of Shares approve and
adopt this Agreement and the Merger. To the knowledge of the
Company, no state takeover statute (other than Section 203(a) of
the DGCL) is applicable to the Merger or the Transactions and no
provision of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or
By-Laws or similar governing or organizational instruments of any
Subsidiary would, directly or indirectly, restrict or impair the
ability of Parent or any affiliate of Parent to vote, or otherwise
to exercise the rights of a stockholder with respect to, the Shares
and any Subsidiary that may be acquired or controlled by Parent, as
a result of the Merger or otherwise. The only vote required of the
holders of the Shares or of any other equity
8
interests of
the Company necessary to adopt this Agreement and to approve the
Merger and the Transactions is the approving vote of a majority of
the outstanding Shares.
Section 3.5
No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents .
(a) The
execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement do not, and
the performance by the Company of this Agreement will not,
(i) conflict with or violate the Certificate of Incorporation
or By-laws or equivalent governing documents of the Company or any
Subsidiary, (ii) assuming that all consents, approvals,
authorizations and other actions described in Section 3.5(b)
have been obtained or taken and all filings and obligations
described in Section 3.5(b) have been made or fulfilled,
conflict with or violate any statute, law, ordinance, regulation,
rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other
order (“Law”) applicable to the Company or any
Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company or any
Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) except as set forth
in Section 3.5(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, result
in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event which, with
notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or
give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or
cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien or other
encumbrance on any property or asset of the Company or any
Subsidiary pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture,
contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other
instrument or obligation, except, with respect to clause (iii), for
any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other
occurrences which would not be reasonably expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect or would not reasonably be expected
to prevent or materially delay the ability of the Company to
consummate the Merger and the Transactions.
(b) Except
as set forth in Section 3.5(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the execution and delivery by the Company of this
Agreement does not, and the performance by the Company of this
Agreement will not, require any consent, approval, authorization or
permit of, or filing with or notification to, any United States
federal, state, county or local or non-United States government,
governmental, regulatory or administrative authority, agency,
instrumentality or commission or any court, tribunal, or judicial
or arbitral body (a “Governmental Authority”), except
for (i) the pre-merger notification requirements of the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the
“HSR Act”), (ii) any applicable requirements of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
“Exchange Act”), and state takeover laws,
(iii) the filing and recordation of appropriate merger
documents as required by the DGCL and (iv) where the failure
to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or
to make such filings or notifications, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or materially
delay consummation of the Merger and the Transactions.
Section 3.6
Permits; Compliance .
(a) Except
as set forth in Section 3.6(a) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is in possession
of all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits,
easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates, approvals
and orders of any Governmental Authority, in each case that are
material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole,
necessary for each of the Company or the Subsidiaries to own, lease
and operate its properties or to carry on its business as it is now
being
9
conducted (the
“Company Permits”). No suspension or cancellation of
any of the Company Permits is pending or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened.
(b) Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries is, and has been for the past
four years, in compliance, except for such lack of compliance that
would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect, with (i) all Laws applicable to the Company or each
such Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company or
each such Subsidiary is bound or affected, and (ii) all notes,
bonds, mortgages, indentures, contracts, agreements, leases,
licenses, Company Permits, franchises or other instruments or
obligations to which the Company or any such Subsidiary is a party
or by which the Company or each such Subsidiary or any property or
asset of the Company or each such Subsidiary is bound. Except as
set forth in Section 3.6(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, there are no proceedings pending before any Governmental
Authority or, to the Company’s knowledge, any pending or
threatened inquiries or investigations or threatened proceedings by
any Governmental Authority, with respect to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has in the past four years received notice of (x) any violation of
the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “ FCPA ”)
or (y) any material breach of the Company’s or its
Subsidiaries’ policies regarding the FCPA by any employees or
agents of the Company or its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.7
SEC Filings; Financial Statements .
(a) The
Company has filed or furnished, as the case may be, all forms,
reports and documents required to be filed or furnished by it with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)
since December 31, 2001 (such forms, reports and other
documents, collectively, the “Company SEC Reports”).
The Company SEC Reports (i) complied as to form and were
prepared in accordance in all material respects with either the
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, as the case may
be, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder as in
effect on the date so filed, amended or supplemented and
(ii) did not, at the time they were filed, or, if amended or
supplemented, as of the date of such amendment or supplement,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No
Subsidiary is required to file any form, report or other document
with the SEC.
(b) Each
of the audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements
(including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained in the
Company SEC Reports was prepared in accordance with United States
generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”)
applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods indicated
(except as may be indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of
unaudited interim statements, the omission of footnotes and
otherwise as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) and each fairly
presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial
position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company and
its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective dates thereof
and for the respective periods indicated therein, except as
otherwise noted therein.
(c) Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary has any liability or obligation of
any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise)
that would be required to be
10
reflected,
reserved for or disclosed in a consolidated balance sheet of the
Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries, including the notes
thereto, prepared as of the date of this Agreement in accordance
with GAAP and consistent with the consolidated balance sheet of the
Company and the consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31,
2004, including the notes thereto (the “Latest Balance
Sheet”), except for (i) liabilities and obligations that
are reflected, reserved for or disclosed in the Latest Balance
Sheet or in the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and the
consolidated Subsidiaries as at June 30, 2005, including the
notes thereto, included in the Company’s quarterly report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005,
(ii) liabilities and obligations that were incurred in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since
June 30, 2005 or (iii) as set forth in
Section 3.7(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
(d) The
Company has timely filed all certifications and statements required
by (x) Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under the Exchange
Act or (y) 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) with respect to any Company SEC
Report. The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures
required by Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange
Act; such controls and procedures are effective to provide
reasonable assurance that all material information concerning the
Company and its Subsidiaries is made known on a timely basis to the
individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s
SEC filings and other public disclosure documents. The Company has
disclosed, based on its most recent evaluations, to the
Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the
Company Board (A) all significant deficiencies and material
weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the
Exchange Act) which are known to the Company and reasonably likely
to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial data and (B) any fraud, whether
or not material, known to the Company that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting. The Company is in
compliance with the applicable listing and other rules and
regulations of The NASDAQ National Market. As used in this
Section 3.7, the term “file” shall be broadly
construed to include any manner in which a document or information
is furnished, supplied or otherwise made available to the
SEC.
Section 3.8
Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Since
December 31, 2004, except as set forth in Section 3.8 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, or as expressly contemplated by
this Agreement, (a) the Company and the Subsidiaries have
conducted their businesses only in the ordinary course and in a
manner consistent with past practice, (b) there has not been
any event, development or circumstance constituting or that would
be reasonably likely to constitute a Company Material Adverse
Effect and (c) none of the Company or any Subsidiary has taken
any action that, if taken after the date of this Agreement, would
constitute a breach of any of the covenants set forth in
Section 5.1.
Section 3.9
Absence of Litigation . There is no litigation, suit, claim,
action, proceeding or investigation (which investigation has been
communicated to the Company or of which the Company has knowledge)
(an “Action”) pending or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary, or any
property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary, or before any
Governmental Authority, which is reasonably likely to result in a
Company Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in
Section 3.9 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no
Action pending or, to the knowledge of the Company,
11
threatened
against the Company or any Subsidiary, or any property or asset of
the Company or of any Subsidiary, or before any Governmental
Authority, except for Actions that, if determined adversely to the
Company or any Subsidiary, would not result in losses and expenses
(including reasonable expenses of counsel) in excess of $500,000 or
would not otherwise be material to the Company. Except as set forth
in Section 3.9 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary nor any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is subject to any continuing order of, consent
decree, settlement agreement or other similar written agreement
with, or, to the knowledge of the Company, continuing investigation
by, any Governmental Authority, or any order, writ, judgment,
injunction, decree, determination or award of any Governmental
Authority.
Section 3.10
Employee Benefit Plans .
(a) Section 3.10(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all employee benefit plans
(as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”)) and all
bonus, stock option, stock purchase, restricted stock, incentive,
deferred compensation, retiree medical or life insurance,
supplemental retirement, severance, change in control, employee
loan or other benefit plans, programs, policies or arrangements,
and all employment, retention, termination, severance or other
contracts or agreements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including
any funding mechanism therefor now in effect or required in the
future as a result of the transaction contemplated by this
Agreement or otherwise), whether legally enforceable or not, with
respect to which the Company or any Subsidiary has any present or
future liability (or a pension plan (within the meaning of
Section 3(2) of ERISA) subject to Section 412 of the Code
or Title IV of ERISA, a multiemployer plan (within the meaning of
Section 3(37) or 4001(a)(3) of ERISA), or a plan subject to
non-U.S. laws or regulations similar to each of the foregoing with
respect to which the Company or any Subsidiary has within the past
six (6) years had any liability) or which are maintained,
contributed to or sponsored by the Company or any Subsidiary and
under which any current or former employee, officer or director of
the Company or any Subsidiary (the “Company Employees”)
has any present or future right to benefits (collectively, the
“Plans”). Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has any express or implied commitment, whether legally
enforceable or not, (i) to create, incur liability with
respect to or cause to exist any other employee benefit plan,
program or arrangement, (ii) to enter into any contract or
agreement to provide compensation or benefits to any individual, or
(iii) to modify, change or terminate any Plan, other than with
respect to a modification, change or termination required by this
Agreement, the Merger, ERISA, the Code or to otherwise comply with
applicable Laws.
(b) With
respect to each Plan, the Company has provided to Parent a current,
accurate and complete copy (or, to the extent no such copy exists,
an accurate description) thereof and, to the extent applicable:
(i) any related trust agreement or other funding instrument;
(ii) the most recent determination letter, if applicable;
(iii) any summary plan description and other written
communications (or a description of any oral communications) by the
Company or its Subsidiaries to the Company Employees concerning the
extent of the benefits provided under a Plan; (iv) a summary
of any proposed amendments or changes anticipated to be made to the
Plans at any time within the twelve months immediately following
the date hereof, and (v) for
12
the three most
recent years (A) the Form 5500 and attached schedules,
(B) audited financial statements and (C) actuarial
valuation reports.
(c) Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary (including any entity that during
the past six years was a Subsidiary) either directly or by reason
of their affiliation with any member of their “Controlled
Group” (defined as any organization which is a member of a
controlled group of organizations within the meaning of
Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code) has
now or at any time contributed to, sponsored, maintained, or had
any liability or obligation in respect of (i) a pension plan
(within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA) subject to
Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA, (ii) a
multiemployer plan (within the meaning of Section 3(37) or
4001(a)(3) of ERISA) (a “Multiemployer Plan”), or
(iii) a single employer pension plan (within the meaning of
Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) for which the Company or any
Subsidiary could incur liability under Section 4063 or 4064 of
ERISA (a “Multiple Employer Plan”). Except as disclosed
in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Plan
exists that, as a result of the execution of this Agreement,
shareholder approval of this Agreement, or the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement (whether alone or in connection with
any subsequent event(s)), (i) will entitle any Company
Employee to severance pay or any increase in severance pay upon any
termination of service after the date of this Agreement,
(ii) could accelerate the time of payment or vesting or result
in any payment or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of
compensation or benefits under, increase the amount payable or
result in any other material obligation pursuant to, any of the
Plans, (iii) could limit or restrict the right of the Company
or its Subsidiaries to merge, amend or terminate any of the Plans,
(iv) could cause the Company or its Subsidiaries to record
additional compensation expense on its respective income statement
with respect to any outstanding stock option or other equity-based
award, or (v) could result in payments under any Plan that
would not be deductible under Section 280G of the Code, except
as disclosed in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule. Except to the extent required under ERISA
Section 601 et. seq. and Code Section 4980B, none of the
Plans provide for or promises post employment or post-retirement
medical, disability or life insurance benefits to any current,
former or retired employee, consultant or director of the Company
or of its Subsidiaries. Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(c) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, each of the Plans is subject only
to the Laws of the United States or a political subdivision
thereof.
(d) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.10(d) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, each Plan has been established and operated in all
material respects in accordance with its terms and the requirements
of all applicable Laws including, without limitation, ERISA and the
Code. Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(d) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, the Company and the Subsidiaries have
performed all material obligations required to be performed by them
under, and are not in default in any material respect under or in
violation of any party to, any Plan. No Action is pending or, to
the knowledge of the Company, threatened with respect to any Plan
(other than routine claims for benefits in the ordinary course) and
except as disclosed in Section 3.10(d) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, none of the Company or its Subsidiaries have
any knowledge of any fact or event that could reasonably be
expected to give rise to any such Action. No event has occurred and
no condition exists that would subject the Company or its
Subsidiaries, either directly or by reason of their affiliation
with any member of their Controlled Group to any tax, fine, lien,
penalty or other liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other
applicable Laws. No administrative investigation, audit or other
administrative proceeding
13
by the
Department of Labor, the Internal Revenue Service or other
Governmental Agencies are pending, threatened or in progress.
Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(d) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, no material operational or plan failure
(within the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2003-44) exists or has existed
with respect to any Plan that is intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code.
(e) Each
Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the
Code has timely received a favorable determination letter or
prototype opinion letter from the Internal Revenue Service (the
“IRS”) that the Plan is so qualified and each trust
established in connection with any Plan which is intended to be
exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501(a) of the
Code is so exempt, and no fact or event exists that could
reasonably be expected to result in the revocation of such
exemption.
(f) None
of the Company or its Subsidiaries has any knowledge of any
prohibited transaction (within the meaning of Section 406 of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) with respect to any
Plan.
(g) All
contributions, premiums or payments required to be made with
respect to any Plan have been made on or before their due dates.
Except with regard to contributions or payments to the Deferred
Compensation Trust, all such contributions have been fully deducted
for income tax purposes and no such deduction has been challenged
or disallowed by any Governmental Authority and, to the knowledge
of the Company, no fact or event exists which could reasonably be
expected to give rise to any such challenge or
disallowance.
(h) The
Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with the
requirements of the Workers Adjustment and Retraining Notification
Act and any similar state, local or non-United States law (the
“WARN Act”) and have no liabilities pursuant to the
WARN Act determined without regard to any terminations of
employment that occur on or after the Effective Time.
(i) In
addition to the foregoing, with respect to each Plan listed in
Section 3.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule that is not
subject to United States law (a “Non-U.S. Benefit
Plan”):
(i)
all employer and employee contributions to each Non-U.S. Benefit
Plan required by law or by the terms of such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
have been made, or, if applicable, accrued in accordance with
normal accounting practices;
(ii)
except as set forth in Section 3.10(a) of Company Disclosure
Schedule, the fair market value of the assets of each funded
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, the liability of each insurer for any
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan funded through insurance or the book reserve
established for any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, together with any
accrued contributions, is sufficient to procure or provide for the
benefits determined as if such plan is maintained on an ongoing
basis (actual or contingent) accrued to the date of this Agreement
with respect to all current and former participants under such
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan according to the actuarial assumptions and
valuations most recently used to determine employer contributions
to such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, and no Transaction
14
shall cause
such assets or insurance obligations to be less than such benefit
obligations; and
(iii)
each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan maintained by the Company or any
Subsidiary required to be registered or approved has been
registered or approved and has been maintained in good standing
with applicable regulatory authorities. Each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
has been operated in material compliance with all applicable
non-United States Laws.
Section 3.11
Labor and Employment Matters .
(a) Section 3.11(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all employees of the
Company and the Subsidiaries as of December 15, 2005 and
designates each such employee by the correct employer and business
division for which the employee primarily performs
services.
(b) Except
as required by applicable Law in Brazil, neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or
other labor union contract applicable to persons employed by the
Company or any Subsidiary, nor, to the knowledge of the Company,
are there any activities or proceedings of any labor union to
organize any such employees. As of the date hereof, there are no
unfair labor practice complaints pending against the Company or any
Subsidiary before the National Labor Relations Board or any other
Governmental Authority or any current union representation
questions involving employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. As
of the date hereof, there is no strike, controversy, slowdown, work
stoppage or lockout occurring, or, to the knowledge of the Company,
any threat thereof in writing, by or with respect to any employees
of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(c) The
Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material
respects with all applicable Laws relating to the employment of
labor, including those related to wages, hours, immigration and
naturalization, collective bargaining and the payment and
withholding of taxes and other sums as required by the appropriate
Governmental Authority and have withheld and paid to the
appropriate Governmental Authority or are holding for payment not
yet due to such Governmental Authority all amounts required to be
withheld from employees of the Company or any Subsidiary and are
not liable for any arrears of wages, taxes, penalties or other sums
for failure to comply with any of the foregoing. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary is a party to, or otherwise bound by,
any consent decree with, or citation by, any Governmental Authority
relating to employees or employment practices. Except as disclosed
in Section 3.11(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there
is no charge or proceeding with respect to a violation of any
occupational safety or health standards asserted or pending with
respect to the Company. Except as disclosed in Section 3.11(c)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no charge of
discrimination in employment or employment practices, for any
reason, including, without limitation, age, gender, race, religion
or other legally protected category, pending before the United
States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or any other
Governmental Authority in any jurisdiction in which the Company or
any Subsidiary has employed or employ any person.
15
Section 3.12
Intellectual Property .
(a) Section 3.12(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list as of December 16, 2005 of all United States and foreign
(i) patents and patent applications, (ii) registrations and
applications for registration of Trademarks,
(iii) registrations and applications for registration of
copyrights, (iv) invention or technology disclosures (other
than those subject to issued patents or pending patent
applications), in each case, with respect to the foregoing in
subsections (i) through (iv), as included in the Owned
Intellectual Property and (v) all Licensed Intellectual
Property.
(b) Except
as set forth in Section 3.12(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company or a Subsidiary (i) is the exclusive
owner of the entire and unencumbered right, title and interest in
and to the Owned Intellectual Property, and (ii) has a valid
right to use the Licensed Intellectual Property in the ordinary
course of their business as presently conducted or as contemplated
to be conducted. Except as set forth in Section 3.12(b)(ii) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Owned Intellectual Property
and, to knowledge of the Company, the Licensed Intellectual
Property, are subsisting, valid and enforceable.
(c) The
development, marketing, sale and use of the material products and
services of the Company and the Subsidiaries, and the use of the
Owned Intellectual Property and Licensed Intellectual Property in
connection therewith, do not conflict with, infringe,
misappropriate or otherwise violate in any material respect the
Intellectual Property rights of any third party. Except as
disclosed in Section 3.12(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, no Actions have been asserted or are pending or, to the
Company’s knowledge, threatened (whether in writing or
orally, and whether explicitly or indirectly through a request to
license the Intellectual Property rights of any third party)
against the Company or any Subsidiary (i) based upon or
challenging or seeking to deny or restrict the use by the Company
or any Subsidiary of any of the Owned Intellectual Property or
Licensed Intellectual Property, (ii) alleging that any
services provided by, processes used by, or products manufactured
or sold by the Company or any Subsidiary infringe, misappropriate
or otherwise violate the Intellectual Property right of any third
party, or (iii) alleging that the Licensed Intellectual
Property is being licensed or sublicensed in conflict with the
terms of any license or other agreement. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.12(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Owned
Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property is subject
to any outstanding decree, order, injunction, judgment or ruling
restricting the use of such Intellectual Property or that would
impair the validity or enforceability of such Intellectual
Property.
(d) To
the knowledge of the Company, except as disclosed in
Section 3.12(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no person
is engaging in any activity that infringes or misappropriates the
Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual
Property.
(e) The
Owned Intellectual Property and the Licensed Intellectual Property
constitutes all of the Intellectual Property used or held for use
or intended to be used in the conduct of the business of the
Company and the Subsidiaries as presently conducted, and there are
no other items of Intellectual Property that are used in the
conduct of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as
presently conducted. Except as disclosed in Section 3.12(e)
of
16
the Company
Disclosure Schedule, the consummation of the Merger will not result
in the termination or impairment of any of the Owned Intellectual
Property or the right to use any of the Licensed Intellectual
Property or require the payment of additional royalties or fees to
third parties for the continued use of the Licensed Intellectual
Property as currently conducted by the Company and the
Subsidiaries.
(f) The
Company and the Subsidiaries have acted in a commercially
reasonable manner to maintain the confidentiality of, and legal
protection pertaining to, the trade secrets and other confidential
Intellectual Property used or held for use or intended to be used
by the Company or the Subsidiaries according to the laws of the
applicable jurisdictions where such trade secrets are developed,
practiced or disclosed. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Company and the Subsidiaries use a business practice
of enforcing a policy requiring all personnel and third parties
having access to such trade secrets to execute a written agreement
which provides necessary protection for such trade secrets and
which does not allow the use or disclosure of such trade secrets
upon the expiration of any specified period of time. To the
Company’s knowledge, there have been no disclosures by the
Company or any Subsidiary of any trade secrets, and no party to any
such agreement is in breach thereof.
(g) Except
as set forth on Schedule 3.12(g), (which schedule shall
identify any such open source licensed software, the governing Open
Source License (as defined herein below), and the products or
services of the Company or any Subsidiary which utilizes such open
source licensed software) none of the material Owned Intellectual
Property, and no material products or services marketed or sold by
the Company or any Subsidiary, uses, incorporates or has embedded
in it any source, object or other Software code subject to an open
source license or other similar type of license (including without
limitation, the GNU General Public License, Library Generally
Public License, Lesser General Public License, Mozilla License,
Berkeley Software Distribution License, Open Source Initiative
License, MIT, Apache or Public Domain Licenses, (each an
“Open Source License”)). The operation of the business
of the Company and the Subsidiaries will neither subject any of the
Company’s or any Subsidiary’s products to the terms of
any Open Source License nor require the Company or any Subsidiary
to provide the source code to any Company or Subsidiary Software to
any person except as could not reasonably be expected to result in
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(h) Except
as set forth on Schedule 3.12(h), neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has deposited, is obligated to deposit, or reasonably
expects that it will be obligated to deposit, the source code of
any of the Software of the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to
a source code escrow agreement or similar arrangement for the
benefit of any person, nor has the Company nor any Subsidiary made
the source code of any Company or Subsidiary product available to
any person.
(i) To
the Company’s knowledge, except as set forth on
Schedule 3.12(i), all software, databases, systems, networks
and Internet sites used by the Company and the Subsidiaries and/or
included within the Owned Intellectual Property are free from any
material defect, bug, “Trojan Horse”, malware, spyware
or other virus or programming design or documentation error or
corruptant. The Company and its Subsidiaries have acted in a
commercially reasonable manner to protect the confidentiality,
integrity and security of their Software, databases, systems,
networks and Internet sites and all information stored or
contained
17
therein or
transmitted thereby from any unauthorized use, access, interruption
or modification by third parties. The Company and its Subsidiaries
comply, in all material respects, with (a) all relevant laws
and regulations (except with respect to the relevant laws and
regulations for jurisdictions other than the United States, Canada,
and the European Union and its member states, in which case the
Company and its Subsidiaries comply with all relevant laws and
regulations except as would not reasonably be expected to cause a
Company Material Adverse Effect), and (b) the Company’s
own policies, in each case with respect to the privacy of all users
and customers and any of their personally identifiable information,
and no written claims have been asserted or, to the Company’s
knowledge, threatened in writing against the Company or any
Subsidiary by any person alleging a violation of any of the
foregoing.
(j) To
the knowledge of the Company, no employee of or consultant to the
Company or the Subsidiaries is obligated under any agreement or
subject to any judgment, decree or order of any court or
administrative agency, or any other restriction that would
interfere with the use of his or her best efforts to carry out his
or her duties for the Company or to promote the interests of the
Company or that would conflict with the Company’s business.
To the knowledge of the Company, there exist no inventions by
current and former employees or consultants of the Company or the
Subsidiaries, made or otherwise conceived prior to their beginning
employment or consultation with the Company, that have been or will
be incorporated into any of the Company’s Intellectual
Property or any products.
(k) Section 3.12(k)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list as of December 15, 2005 of all In-Bound IP Agreements
(identifying the parties to each such agreement, the Intellectual
Property licensed to the Company or any Subsidiary thereby, and the
product(s) and/or services of the Company which utilize such
Licensed Intellectual Property) pursuant to which (i) the
Company or any Subsidiary was required in the Company’s
fiscal year ending December 31, 2004 to make payments to any
third party totaling in excess of $500,000, and (ii) the
Company or any Subsidiary licenses from any third party
Intellectual Property (including without limitation, any software)
which is incorporated into, or distributed with, any products or
services of the Company or any Subsidiary (the foregoing being
collectively, the “Key In-Bound IP Agreements”). Except
as set forth in Section 3.12(k)(iii) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, (A) each Key In-Bound IP Agreement is a legal, valid
and binding agreement of the Company or the applicable Subsidiary,
as the case may be, and, to the Company’s knowledge, of the
other party(ies) thereto; (B) neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary is in material breach or violation of, or material
default under, any Key In-Bound IP Agreement; (C) to the
Company’s knowledge, no other party is in material breach or
violation of, or material default under, any Key In-Bound IP
Agreement; (D) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not
received any notice of default under any Key In-Bound IP Agreement
which remains uncured; (E) neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has received written notice of the termination of, or
intention to terminate, any Key In-Bound IP Agreement; and (F)
except as set forth in Section 3.12(k)(iv) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution of this Agreement nor
the consummation of any Transaction shall constitute a default
under, give rise to cancellation rights under, or otherwise
adversely affect any of the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary
under any Key In-Bound IP Agreement.
(l) Section 3.12(l)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list as of December 15, 2005 of all Out-Bound IP Agreements
(identifying the parties
18
to each such
agreement and the Intellectual Property licensed by the Company or
any Subsidiary thereby) which generated in the Company’s
fiscal year ending December 31, 2004 in excess of $1,000,000
in revenues to the Company and its Subsidiaries (the “Key
Out-Bound IP Agreements”). Except as set forth in
Section 3.12(l)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
(A) each Key Out-Bound IP Agreement is a legal, valid and
binding agreement of the Company or the applicable Subsidiary, as
the case may be, and, to the Company’s knowledge, of the
other party(ies) thereto; (B) neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary is in material breach or violation of, or material
default under, any Key Out-Bound IP Agreement; (C) to the
Company’s knowledge, no other party is in material breach or
violation of, or material default under, any Key Out-Bound IP
Agreement; (D) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not
received any notice of default under any Key Out-Bound IP Agreement
which remains uncured; (E) neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has received written notice of the termination of, or
intention to terminate, any Key Out-Bound IP Agreement; and (F)
except as set forth in Section 3.12(k)(iv) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution of this Agreement nor
the consummation of any Transaction shall constitute a default
under, give rise to cancellation rights under, or otherwise
adversely affect any of the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary
under any Key Out-Bound IP Agreement.
(a) The
Company and the Subsidiaries have timely filed (or caused to be
timely filed) all Tax Returns required to be filed by them and have
paid and discharged all Taxes required to be paid or discharged by
them (whether or not shown on such Tax Returns). All such Tax
Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects.
Except as set forth in Section 3.13(a)(i) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has
granted any waiver of any statute of limitations with respect to,
or any extension of a period for the assessment of, any Tax. All
amounts of Taxes required to be withheld by or with respect to the
Company or any Subsidiary have been timely withheld and remitted to
the applicable Governmental Authority. The accruals and reserves
for Taxes reflected in the Latest Balance Sheet are adequate to
satisfy all Taxes accruable through such date (including interest
and penalties, if any, thereon) in accordance with GAAP. Except as
set forth in Section 3.13(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company and each Subsidiary is a member of the same
affiliated group (within the meaning of Section 1504(a)(1) of the
Code) for which the Company files a consolidated U.S. federal
income Tax Return as the common parent, and neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary has been included in any U.S. federal, state and
local consolidated combined or united Tax Returns for any taxable
period for which the statute of limitations has not expired or has
any liability for Taxes of any person (other than the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries) arising from the application of Treasury
Regulation 1.1502-6 or any analogous provision of state, local
or foreign law or as a transferee or successor, by contract or
otherwise. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is required to
make any disclosure to the IRS or has a list maintenance obligation
with respect to any “reportable transaction” pursuant
to Sections 6011, 6111 or 6112 of the C
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