AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
Borland Software
Corporation,
Micro Focus International
plc
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1
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1
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2
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1.03 Effects of the Merger
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2
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1.04 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of
the Surviving Corporation
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2
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2
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2
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3
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ARTICLE 2 EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE CAPITAL
STOCK OF THE COMPANY AND MERGER SUB
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3
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2.01 Effect on Shares of Capital
Stock
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3
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4
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2.03 Payment for Common Shares in the
Merger
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6
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2.04 Adjustment of the Merger Consideration and
the Cash-Pay Option Consideration
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8
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ARTICLE 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
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9
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3.01 Corporate Existence and Power
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3.02 Corporate Authorization
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10
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3.03 Governmental Authorization
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14
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3.08 Financial Statements; Internal
Controls
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3.09 Disclosure Documents
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3.10 Absence of Certain Changes
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3.11 No Undisclosed Material
Liabilities
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3.16 Employee Benefit Plans
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3.17 Labor and Employment Matters
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3.19 Environmental Matters
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3.20 Intellectual Property
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25
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28
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Page
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3.22 Interested Party Transactions;
Minutes
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28
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3.23 Certain Business Practices
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29
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29
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3.25 Opinion of Financial Advisor
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3.26 Antitakeover Statutes; Company Rights
Agreement
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3.27 Disclosure Documents
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30
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ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
MERGER SUB, PLC AND PARENT
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4.01 Corporate Existence and Power
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4.02 Corporate Authorization
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4.03 Governmental Authorization
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32
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4.05 Disclosure Documents
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4.07 Not Interested Stockholder
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4.09 Working Capital as of the Date
Hereof
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5.01 Conduct of Business of the
Company
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5.02 Stockholders Meetings
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38
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5.03 Filings and Consents
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40
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5.04 Access to Information
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5.05 Notification of Certain Matters
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5.06 Public Announcements
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5.07 Indemnification; Directors’ and
Officers’ Insurance
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5.08 Further Assurances; Commercially Reasonable
Efforts
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43
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5.09 Third Party Standstill
Agreements
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5.12 Termination of Registration
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5.13 Cooperation; Financing; etc.
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5.15 Stockholder Litigation
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5.17 Transition Assistance
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5.19 Cash Dividends to the Company
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ARTICLE 6 CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE
MERGER
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50
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6.01 Conditions to the Obligations of Each
Party
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50
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6.02 Conditions to Obligations of PLC, Merger
Sub and Parent
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50
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6.03 Conditions to Obligation of the
Company
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52
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52
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7.01 Termination by Mutual Consent
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7.02 Termination by Merger Sub, Parent or the
Company
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7.03 Termination by Merger Sub and
Parent
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7.04 Termination by the Company
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7.05 Effect of Termination
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8.01 Payment of Fees and Expenses
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8.02 Performance by Parent and Merger
Sub
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8.04 Modification or Amendment
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56
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8.05 Entire Agreement; Assignment
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8.09 Descriptive Headings
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8.12 Specific Performance
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8.14 Third-Party Beneficiaries
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8.15 Submission to Jurisdiction
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8.16 Waiver of Jury Trial
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “
Agreement ”), dated as of May 5, 2009, is entered
into by and among Borland Software Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (the “ Company ”), Bentley Merger
Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Merger Sub
”), Micro Focus International plc, a company organized under
the laws of England and Wales (“ PLC ”) and
Micro Focus (US), Inc., a Delaware corporation (“
Parent ”).
WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company
(the “ Company Board ”), subject to the terms
and conditions set forth herein, has (i) declared the
advisability of this Agreement and approved this Agreement,
(ii) resolved to recommend approval and adoption of this
Agreement by the Stockholders of the Company and
(iii) received a written opinion of the Financial Advisor (as
defined in Section 3.25 ) as set forth in
Section 3.25 herein;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of Merger Sub
has (i) declared the advisability of this Agreement and
(ii) approved this Agreement;
WHEREAS, the Company Board and the board of
directors of Merger Sub have approved the merger of Merger Sub with
and into the Company, with the Company as the surviving
corporation, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement and General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware (the “ DGCL ”), whereby (i) each
issued and outstanding share of the common stock, par value $0.01
per share (the “ Common Shares ”), of the
Company (other than Common Shares to be canceled pursuant to
Section 2.01(b) and Dissenting Shares (as defined in
Section 2.01(d) )), shall be converted into the right
to receive the Merger Consideration (as defined in
Section 2.01(a) ) and (ii) each Cash-Pay Option
(as defined in Section 2.02(b) ) shall be converted into the
right to receive the Cash-Pay Option Consideration (as defined in
Section 2.02(b) ); and
WHEREAS, the Company, Merger Sub, PLC and Parent
desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements in connection with the Merger, and also to prescribe
various conditions to the Merger.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the
foregoing and the respective representations, warranties, covenants
and agreements set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as
follows:
1.01 The Merger . At the Effective Time
(as defined in Section 1.02 ), subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement and in accordance with the provisions
of the DGCL, Merger Sub shall be merged (the “ Merger
”) with and into the Company. Following the Merger, the
separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease, and the
Company shall continue as the surviving corporation (sometimes
hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving Corporation
”) and shall continue to be governed by the laws of the State
of Delaware.
1.02 Effective Time . Subject to the
provisions of this Agreement, on the Closing Date the parties shall
file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a
certificate of merger (the “ Certificate of Merger
”), executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of
the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the
Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware or at such later time as is agreed to by the parties
hereto and specified in the Certificate of Merger (the time at
which the Merger becomes effective is herein referred to as the
“ Effective Time ”).
1.03 Effects of the Merger . The Merger
shall have the effects set forth herein, in the Certificate of
Merger and in the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the
properties, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the
Company and the Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation,
and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and the Merger
Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
1.04
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving
Corporation .
(a) At the Effective Time, the Certificate
of Incorporation of the Company shall be amended to read in its
entirety as the Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub, as in
effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, provided that the
name of the Surviving Corporation shall be as may be set forth by
Parent, and as so amended shall be the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Surviving Corporation until duly amended in accordance with
applicable law and the Surviving Corporation’s Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws.
(b) The Bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the Bylaws of the
Surviving Corporation, until duly amended in accordance with
applicable law and the Surviving Corporation’s Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws.
1.05 Directors . The directors of Merger
Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial
directors of the Surviving Corporation and shall hold office until
their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, or
their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with
applicable law and the Surviving Corporation’s Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws.
1.06 Officers . The officers of the
Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the
initial officers of the Surviving Corporation and shall hold office
until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified,
or their earlier death, resignation or removal.
1.07 Closing . Subject to the conditions
contained in this Agreement, the closing of the Merger (the “
Closing ”) shall take place (a) at the offices of
Kirkland & Ellis LLP, 555 California Street, San Francisco,
California 94104, on the date which is most promptly practicable
following the date of the satisfaction (or waiver if permissible)
of all of the conditions set forth in Article 6 (other
than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at
the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of such
conditions), but in no event later than the second (2nd) business
day following such date or (b) at such other place and time
and/or on such other date as the Company and Parent may agree in
writing. The date on which the Closing occurs is hereinafter
referred to as the “ Closing Date .”
2
1.08 Additional Actions . If, at any time
after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall consider
or be advised that any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or
assurances in law or any other acts are necessary or desirable to
vest, perfect or confirm, of record or otherwise, in the Surviving
Corporation its right, title or interest in, to or under any of the
rights, properties or assets of the Company or Merger Sub, the
Company and its officers and directors shall be deemed to have
granted to the Surviving Corporation an irrevocable power of
attorney to execute and deliver all such deeds, assignments and
assurances in law and to take all acts necessary, proper or
desirable to vest, perfect or confirm title to and possession of
such rights, properties or assets in the Surviving Corporation, and
the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation are
authorized in the name of the Company to take any and all such
action.
EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE
CAPITAL STOCK
OF THE COMPANY AND MERGER SUB
2.01 Effect
on Shares of Capital Stock .
(a) Common Shares of the Company .
As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any
action on the part of the holder of any Common Shares, the Company
or Merger Sub, each Common Share that is issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than
(i) Dissenting Shares, and (ii) those Common Shares to be
canceled pursuant to Section 2.01(b) ) shall be canceled and
extinguished and converted into the right to receive $1.00 in cash
(the “ Merger Consideration ”), payable to the
holder thereof, without interest or dividends thereon, less any
applicable withholding of Taxes, in the manner provided in
Section 2.03 . All such Common Shares, when so converted,
shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled
and each holder of a certificate or certificates representing any
such Common Shares shall cease to have any rights with respect
thereto, except the right to receive the Merger
Consideration.
(b) Cancellation of Certain Common
Shares . As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of the holder of any Common Shares,
the Company or Merger Sub, each Common Share that is owned by the
Company or any wholly owned Subsidiary as treasury stock or
otherwise or owned by PLC or Parent or any of their respective
Subsidiaries immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
automatically be canceled and shall cease to exist, and no cash or
other consideration shall be delivered or deliverable in exchange
therefor.
(c) Capital Stock of Merger Sub .
As of the Effective Time, each share of common stock, par value
$.01 per share, of Merger Sub (“ Merger Sub Common
Stock ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any
action on the part of the holders of Merger Sub Common Stock, the
Company or Merger Sub, be converted into one validly issued, fully
paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation (“ Surviving
Corporation Common Stock ”). Each certificate that,
immediately prior to the Effective Time, represented issued and
outstanding shares of Merger Sub Common Stock shall, from and after
the Effective Time, automatically and without the necessity of
presenting the same for exchange, represent the shares of the
Surviving Corporation capital stock into which such shares have
been converted pursuant to the terms hereof; provided, however,
that the record holder thereof shall receive, upon surrender of any
such certificate, a certificate representing the shares of
Surviving Corporation Common Stock into which the shares of Merger
Sub Common Stock formerly represented thereby shall have been
converted pursuant to the terms hereof.
3
(d) Dissenting Shares .
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, any
Common Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time and held by a holder (a “ Dissenting
Stockholder ”) who has not voted in favor of the Merger
or consented thereto in writing and who has properly demanded
appraisal for such Common Shares in accordance with the DGCL
(“ Dissenting Shares ”) shall not be converted
into a right to receive the Merger Consideration at the Effective
Time in accordance with Section 2.01(a) hereof, but
shall represent and become the right to receive such consideration
as may be determined to be due to such Dissenting Stockholder
pursuant to the laws of the State of Delaware, unless and until
such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or otherwise loses such
holder’s right to appraisal and payment under the DGCL. If,
after the Effective Time, such holder fails to perfect or withdraws
or otherwise loses such holder’s right to appraisal, such
former Dissenting Shares held by such holder shall be treated as if
they had been converted as of the Effective Time into a right to
receive, upon surrender as provided above, the Merger
Consideration, without any interest or dividends thereon, in
accordance with Section 2.01(a) . The Company shall
give Parent and Merger Sub prompt notice of any demands received by
the Company for appraisal of Common Shares, withdrawals of such
demands and any other instruments served pursuant to the DGCL and
received by the Company, and Parent shall have the right to direct
all negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands. The
Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent,
make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal or offer
to settle or settle any such demands.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, the
term “ Option ” means each outstanding
unexercised option to purchase Common Shares, whether or not then
vested or fully exercisable, granted to any current or former
employee, consultant or director of the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company or any other person, whether under any stock option
plan or otherwise (other than in connection with the ESPP)
(including, without limitation, under the Company’s 1997
Stock Option Plan, 1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan and 2003 Supplemental Stock Option Plan, each as
amended) (collectively, the “ Stock Plans
”).
(b) The Options shall not be assumed by,
continued in effect or replaced with substitute options granted by
PLC, Parent or the Surviving Corporation pursuant to or in
connection with the Merger. The Company shall take all actions
necessary so that at the Effective Time, all Options shall
terminate or be canceled, in each case, in accordance with and
pursuant to the terms of the Stock Plans under which such Options
were granted. In consideration of such termination or cancellation,
each holder of a vested Option that has a per-share exercise price
less than the Merger Consideration (collectively, the “
Cash-Pay Options ”) terminated or canceled in
accordance with this Section 2.02(b) will be entitled
to receive in settlement of such Cash-Pay Option as promptly as
practicable following the Effective Time, but in no event later
than 10 business days after the Effective Time, a cash payment from
the Surviving Corporation, subject to any required withholding of
Taxes, equal to the product of (i) the total number of Common
Shares otherwise issuable upon exercise of such Cash-Pay Option and
(ii) the Merger Consideration per Common Share less the
applicable exercise price per Common Share otherwise issuable upon
exercise of such Cash-Pay Option (the “ Cash-Pay Option
Consideration ”). The vesting schedule of the Options
shall not be accelerated by any action of the Company or the
Company Board except as may be required under the terms of the
Options, the Company’s Stock Plans and any applicable
employment, separation or change in control agreement as in effect
on the date hereof.
4
(c) Following the Effective Time and as a
prerequisite to receiving his or her Cash-Pay Option Consideration,
the holder of a Cash-Pay Option shall be required to execute a
written acknowledgment to the effect that (i) the payment of
the Cash - Pay Option Consideration , if any, will
satisfy in full the Company ‘ s obligation to such
person pursuant to such Option and (ii) subject to the payment of
the Cash - Pay Option Consideration, if any, such Option
held by such holder shall, without any action on the part of the
Company or the holder, be deemed terminated, canceled, void and of
no further force and effect as between the Company and the holder
and neither party shall have any further rights or obligations with
respect thereto. Such written acknowledgment shall be substantially
in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 2.02(c)
.
(d) The Company shall take all necessary
action to provide that the Company’s 1999 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan, as amended, and any other Company employee stock
purchase plan (collectively, the “ ESPP ”) and
all options or other rights to purchase shares of Company Common
Stock granted under the ESPP shall be exercised or terminated prior
to the Effective Time and no participant in the ESPP shall
thereafter be granted any rights thereunder to acquire any equity
securities of the Company, the Surviving Corporation, PLC, Parent
or any Subsidiary of any of the foregoing. The Company shall refund
any outstanding payroll deductions credited to each
participant’s account under the ESPP remaining after the
final purchase date under the ESPP, without interest, in accordance
with the terms of the ESPP; provided, however, that to the extent
the ESPP does not permit the Company to refund any such outstanding
payroll deductions in conjunction with the termination of the ESPP,
the Company shall declare a special purchase date prior to the
Effective Time in order to ensure that no rights to purchase shares
of Company Common Stock under the ESPP exist as of the Effective
Time.
(e) Prior to the Effective Time, the
Company shall take all actions that are necessary to give effect to
the transactions contemplated by this Section 2.02
.
5
2.03 Payment
for Common Shares in the Merger .
(a) Prior to the Effective Time, Merger Sub
shall appoint a commercial bank or trust company reasonably
acceptable to the Company to act as exchange and paying agent,
registrar and transfer agent (the “ Agent ”) for
the purpose of exchanging certificates representing, immediately
prior to the Effective Time, Common Shares for the aggregate Merger
Consideration. At or immediately following the Effective Time, PLC
shall deposit, or PLC shall otherwise cause to be deposited, by
wire transfer of immediately available funds, in trust with the
Agent for the benefit of the holders of Common Shares, cash in an
aggregate amount equal to (i) the product of (A) the
number of Common Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time and entitled to receive the Merger Consideration
in accordance with Section 2.01(a) and (B) the
Merger Consideration less (ii) the Company Cash Deposit (as
defined below), if any, deposited into the Payment Fund pursuant to
this Section 2.03(a) (such difference the “
PLC Total Merger Consideration ”). Immediately prior
to the Effective Time, the Company shall deposit, or the Company
shall otherwise cause to be deposited, in trust for the benefit of
the holders of Common Shares, such amount of cash as PLC or Parent
may reasonably request, not to exceed the Company’s Freely
Available Cash (as defined below) as of immediately prior to the
Effective Time, if any (the amount to be deposited by the Company
is referred to herein as the “ Company Cash Deposit
” and together with the PLC Total Merger Consideration, the
“ Payment Fund ”) with the Agent for deposit
into the Payment Fund. For purposes of this Agreement, “
Freely Available Cash ” means unrestricted cash of the
Company that is freely available for purposes of this Section
2.03 and (A) the transfer of such cash to the Company into
the Payment Fund does not result in any Tax obligations to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (B) such cash can be
distributed, contributed or otherwise delivered to the Company into
the Payment Fund in accordance with all applicable Laws, including
those relating to solvency, adequate surplus and similar capital
adequacy tests; and (C) such cash shall not include
(i) the dollar amount required to repay, repurchase, defease
and/or retire the entire outstanding principal balance of the 2.75
Convertible Senior Notes Due February 15, 2012 (the “
Notes ”) (including any penalties or premiums thereon,
and all interest, fees and expenses with respect thereto),
(ii) the dollar amount equal to the aggregate amount to be
paid to the holders of Cash-Pay Options pursuant to Section
2.02(b) , (iii) the dollar amount of any unpaid Expenses
of the Company and any unpaid expenses of the Company incurred in
connection with the Company’s sale process, (iv) the
aggregate amount of the Change of Control Payments and
(v) cash required for the reasonable short-term working
capital needs of the Company). The Payment Fund shall be used
solely and exclusively for purposes of paying the consideration
specified in Section 2.01(a) in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement, and shall not be used to satisfy any other
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The Payment
Fund shall be invested by the Agent as directed by PLC, Parent or
the Surviving Corporation in (A) direct obligations of the
United States of America, (B) obligations for which the full
faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged to
provide for the payment of principal and interest, or
(C) investments in any money market funds investing solely in
any of the foregoing, in each case, with any earnings, gains or
interest earned thereon being payable to Parent or the Surviving
Corporation. PLC or Parent shall cause the Payment Fund to be
promptly replenished to the extent of any losses incurred and not
offset by earnings or gains as a result of the aforementioned
investments. The Agent shall, pursuant to instructions provided by
Merger Sub, make the payments provided for in
Section 2.01 of this Agreement out of the Payment Fund
(it being understood that any and all earnings, gains or interest
earned on funds made available to the Agent pursuant to this
Agreement shall be turned over to the Parent or the Surviving
Corporation). The Payment Fund shall not be used for any other
purpose except as provided in this Agreement. If the Effective Time
does not occur by the second business day after the Company
deposits the Company Cash Deposit, the Parent and the Merger Sub
shall cause the Agent, by the third business day after such
deposit, to refund the Company Cash Deposit to the Company by wire
transfer of immediately available funds.
6
(b) Promptly after the Effective Time, but
in no event later than 3 business days after the Effective Time,
the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Agent to mail to each
record holder of certificates (the “ Certificates
”) that immediately prior to the Effective Time represented
Common Shares (i) a notice of the effectiveness of the Merger,
(ii) a form letter of transmittal which shall specify that
delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the
Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the
Certificates to the Agent, and (iii) instructions for use in
surrendering such Certificates and receiving the Merger
Consideration in respect thereof.
(c) Upon surrender to the Agent of a
Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal duly executed
and completed in accordance with the instructions thereto, the
holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive, within 7
business days after such surrender, in exchange therefor, in the
case of Common Shares (other than Common Shares to be canceled
pursuant to Section 2.01(b) ), cash in an amount equal
to the product of (i) the number of Common Shares formerly
represented by such Certificate and (ii) the Merger
Consideration, which amounts shall be paid by Agent by check or
wire transfer in accordance with the instructions provided by such
holder. No interest or dividends will be paid or accrued on the
consideration payable upon the surrender of any Certificate. If the
consideration provided for herein is to be delivered in the name of
a person other than the person in whose name the Certificate
surrendered is registered, it shall be a condition of such delivery
that the Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or
otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the person
requesting such delivery shall pay any transfer or other Taxes
required by reason of such delivery to a person other than the
registered holder of the Certificate, or that such person shall
establish to the satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that
such Tax has been paid or is not applicable. Until surrendered in
accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.03 ,
each Certificate (other than Certificates representing Dissenting
Shares or Common Shares to be canceled pursuant to Section
2.01(b) ) shall represent, for all purposes, in the case of
Certificates representing Common Shares (other than Common Shares
to be canceled pursuant to Section 2.01(b) ), only the
right to receive an amount in cash equal to the Merger
Consideration multiplied by the number of Common Shares formerly
evidenced by such Certificate without any interest or dividends
thereon.
(d) The consideration issued upon the
surrender of Certificates in accordance with this Agreement shall
be deemed to have been issued in full satisfaction of all rights
pertaining to such Common Shares formerly represented thereby.
After the Effective Time, there shall be no transfers on the stock
transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of any Common Shares
that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If,
after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the
Surviving Corporation, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in this Article 2 .
(e) Any portion of the Payment Fund
(including any amounts that may be payable to the former
Stockholders of the Company in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement) which remains unclaimed by the former Stockholders of
the Company upon the anniversary of the Closing Date shall be
returned to the Surviving Corporation, upon demand, and any former
Stockholders of the Company who have not theretofore complied with
this Article 2 shall, subject to
Section 2.03(f) , thereafter look to the Surviving
Corporation only as general unsecured creditors thereof for payment
of any Merger Consideration, without any interest or dividends
thereon, that may be payable in respect of each Common Share held
by such Stockholder. Following the Closing, the Agent shall retain
the right to invest and reinvest the Payment Fund on behalf of the
Surviving Corporation in securities listed or guaranteed by the
United States government or as otherwise reasonably directed by the
Surviving Corporation, and the Surviving Corporation shall receive
the interest earned thereon.
7
(f) None of Merger Sub, the Company or
Agent shall be liable to a holder of Certificates or any other
person in respect of any cash delivered to a public official
pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
law. If any Certificates shall not have been surrendered by the
sixth anniversary of the Closing Date (or immediately prior to such
earlier date on which any Merger Consideration, dividends (whether
in cash, stock or property) or other distributions with respect to
Common Shares in respect of such Certificate would otherwise
escheat to or become the property of any Governmental Authority (as
defined in Section 3.03 ), any such shares, cash,
dividends or distributions in respect of such Certificate shall, to
the extent permitted by applicable law, become the property of the
Surviving Corporation, free and clear of all claims or interests of
any person previously entitled thereto.
(g) In the event any Certificate shall have
been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit (in
form and substance acceptable to the Surviving Corporation) of that
fact by the person (who shall be the record owner of such
Certificate) claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or
destroyed and, if required by the Surviving Corporation, the
posting by such person of a bond in such amount as the Surviving
Corporation may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be
made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Agent will
issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate
the Merger Consideration deliverable in respect thereof pursuant to
this Agreement. Parent and Company agree that, for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, payments from the Payment Fund to former
Stockholders pursuant to Section 2.03(c) shall not be
treated as a dividend distribution even if the payments from the
Payment Fund are attributable to Company deposits into the Payment
Fund.
(h) Each of the Agent, the Surviving
Corporation, Parent and PLC shall be entitled to deduct and
withhold from the consideration otherwise payable to any holder of
Common Shares or Options pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as
may be required to be deducted or withheld with respect to the
making of such payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the “ Code ”), or any applicable
provision of state, local or foreign Tax law. To the extent that
amounts are so deducted or withheld and paid over to the
appropriate taxing authority by Agent, the Surviving Corporation,
Parent or PLC, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of
this Agreement as having been paid to the person to whom such
amounts would otherwise have been paid.
2.04 Adjustment of the Merger Consideration
and the Cash-Pay Option Consideration .
The Merger Consideration and the Cash-Pay Option
Consideration, each payable pursuant to this Article 2
, have been calculated based upon the representations and
warranties made by the Company in Section 3.05 . In the
event that, at the Effective Time, the actual number of Common
Shares outstanding and/or the actual number of Common Shares
issuable upon the exercise of Options or similar agreements, or
upon conversion of securities (including without limitation, as a
result of any stock split, reclassification, stock dividend
(including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible
into Common Shares) or recapitalization) is greater than as
described in Section 3.05(a) (without giving effect to
changes in the number of shares of Common Shares or the number of
shares issuable upon the exercise of Options outstanding as a
result of (i) the exercise of Options granted on or prior to
the date hereof, (ii) the issuance of Common Shares upon the
exercise of Options granted on or prior to the date hereof,
(iii) the grant of Options following the date hereof to the
extent permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(b) , the
exercise of such Options or the issuance of Common Shares upon the
exercise of such Options or (iv) the issuance of Common Shares
pursuant to the ESPP), or if the weighted average exercise price of
the Options is lower than described in the third sentence of
Section 3.05(a) hereof (without giving effect to
Options granted after the date hereof to the extent permitted
pursuant to Section 5.01(b) ), the Merger Consideration
and/or the Cash-Pay Option Consideration, as the case may be, shall
be equitably adjusted downward. The provisions of this
Section 2.04 shall not, in any event, adversely affect,
constitute a waiver of or otherwise impair any of PLC’s,
Parent’s or Merger Sub’s rights under this Agreement
(including any of PLC’s, Parent’s or Merger Sub’s
rights arising from any misrepresentation or breach of the
representations and warranties set forth in
Section 3.05 hereof).
8
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
Except as set forth in the corresponding section
of the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Merger Sub,
Parent and PLC prior to the execution of this Agreement (the
“ Company Disclosure Schedule ”) (it being
agreed that any disclosure set forth on any particular section of
the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed disclosed in
another section of the Company Disclosure Schedule if disclosure
with respect to the particular section is sufficient to make
reasonably clear the relevance of the disclosure to such other
section), the Company represents and warrants to each of Merger
Sub, Parent and PLC as of the date hereof and as of the Effective
Time that:
3.01 Corporate Existence and Power . The
Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all
corporate powers required to carry on its business as now
conducted. The Company is duly qualified to do business as a
foreign corporation and is in good standing in each jurisdiction
where such qualification is necessary, except for those
jurisdictions where failure to be so qualified would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect (as defined below). True and
complete copies of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of
the Company as currently in effect have been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”)
and referenced as exhibits in the Company’s annual report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. The
Company is not in violation of any of the provisions of its
certificate of incorporation or bylaws. As used in this Agreement,
the term “ Company Material Adverse Effect ”
means any circumstance, effect, event, or change that, individually
or in the aggregate (i) had, or is reasonably likely to have,
a materially adverse effect on the business, assets, condition
(financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company
and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than resulting from
any Excluded Matter or (ii) prevents or materially delays, or
is reasonably likely to prevent or materially delay, the ability of
the Company and its Subsidiaries to perform their obligations under
this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated
hereby (the “ Transactions ”) in accordance with
the terms hereof. As used in this Agreement, “ Excluded
Matter ” means any one or more of the following: (a)
changes in general economic conditions which do not have a
materially disproportionate effect on the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (b) changes affecting the
specific industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate
which do not have a materially disproportionate effect on the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole relative to other
industry participants, (c) changes caused by the taking of any
action required by this Agreement or the failure to take any action
prohibited by this Agreement, (d) the taking of any action by
the Company that has been previously approved in writing by Parent
and Merger Sub, (e) changes resulting from a modification
after the date of this Agreement in accounting rules or procedures
announced by the Financial Accounting Standards Board with respect
to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, (f) changes
resulting from a breach of this Agreement by PLC, Parent or Merger
Sub, (g) changes resulting from any modification in any Law
applicable to the Company, (h) any failure of the Company to meet
internal projections or analysts’ expectations for any
financial period ending after the date of this Agreement (provided
that the underlying causes of such failure shall not be excluded
pursuant to this clause (h)) or (j) changes that are
attributable to the loss of customers, suppliers or employees due
to the fact that Parent is to acquire the Company as a result of
the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby.
9
3.02
Corporate Authorization .
(a) The execution, delivery and performance
by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the
Company of the Transactions are within the Company’s
corporate powers and, except for obtaining the Stockholder
Approval, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of the Company. The affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the outstanding Common Shares to approve
and adopt this Agreement and to approve the Merger (the “
Stockholder Approval ”) is the only vote of the
holders of any of the Company’s capital stock necessary in
connection with the consummation of the Transactions. This
Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, moratorium and other similar applicable Laws affecting
creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of
equity.
(b) At a meeting duly called and held prior
to the execution of this Agreement at which all directors of the
Company were present, the Company Board duly and unanimously
adopted resolutions (i) declaring that this Agreement and the
Transactions, including the Merger, are fair to and in the best
interests of the Company’s stockholders, (ii) approving
and declaring advisable this Agreement and the Transactions,
including the Merger, in accordance with the requirements of the
DGCL, (iii) approving and adopting an amendment to that
certain Stockholder Rights Agreement, dated as of October 26,
2001, between the Company and Mellon Investor Services, L.L.C., as
rights agent (as amended, the “ Rights Agreement
”) to render the preferred stock purchase rights issued
thereunder (the “ Company Rights ”) inapplicable
to the Merger, this Agreement and the Transactions, and
(iv) recommending that the stockholders of the Company approve
and adopt this Agreement.
3.03 Governmental Authorization . The
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this
Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions
require no action by or in respect of, or filing with or
notification to, any domestic (federal, state or local) or foreign
government or governmental, regulatory or administrative authority,
agency, commission, board, bureau, court or instrumentality or
arbitrator of any kind (“ Governmental Authority
”), other than (i) the filing of the Merger Certificate
with the Delaware Secretary of State and appropriate documents with
the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is
qualified to do business, (ii) compliance with applicable
requirements of (A) the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust
Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR Act
”) and the rules and regulations thereunder and (B) any
required consent, approval, authorization, permit, filing or
notification pursuant to applicable foreign merger control or
competition laws and regulations, (iii) compliance with
applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”) and
other applicable securities laws, whether federal, state or
foreign, (iv) compliance with applicable requirements of
Nasdaq, or (v) actions, filings or notice the absence of which
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
10
3.04 Non-contravention . The execution,
delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the
consummation by the Company of the Transactions do not and will not
(a) contravene, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach
of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of
the Company or equivalent organization documents of any Subsidiary
of the Company, (b) assuming compliance with the matters
referred to in Section 3.03, contravene, conflict with, or
result in a violation or breach of any foreign or domestic
(federal, state or local) law, statute, ordinance, rule,
regulation, permit, license, injunction, writ, judgment, decree or
order (each, a “ Law ” and, collectively,
“ Laws ”) applicable to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or by which any asset of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is bound or affected, (c) conflict with, result
in any breach, require any consent or action by another Person
under, constitute a default, or an event that, with or without
notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default under,
or cause or permit the termination, amendment, cancellation,
acceleration or require any payment under or other change of any
right or obligation or the loss of any benefit to which the Company
or any Subsidiary of the Company is entitled under any provision of
any contract, instrument, permit, concession, franchise, license,
loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease or
other property agreement, partnership or joint venture agreement or
other legally binding agreement, whether oral or written (each, a
“ Contract ” and, collectively, “
Contracts ”) applicable to the Company or any such
Subsidiary or their respective properties or assets, or any permit
affecting, or relating in any way to, the assets or business of the
Company and its Subsidiaries or (d) result in the creation or
imposition of any a lien, claim, security interest or other charge,
title imperfection or encumbrance (each, a “ Lien
” and, collectively, “ Liens ”) on any
asset of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company with such
exceptions, in the case of each of clauses (a), (b), (c) and
(d) of this Section 3.04, as would not, individually or
in the aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the
Company consists of 200,000,000 shares of Common Shares and
1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of
the Company (“ Preferred Stock ”), 150,000 of
which have been designated as Series D Junior Participating
Preferred Stock and are reserved for issuance upon exercise of the
Company Rights. As of the date of this Agreement,
(i) 73,115,736 Common Shares were issued and outstanding,
(ii) no shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding,
(iii) 14,402,193 Common Shares were reserved for issuance
pursuant to the Stock Plans, of which 10,529,919 Common Shares are
subject to outstanding Options, and (iv) no more than
2,113,118 Common Shares were reserved for issuance pursuant to
options or other purchase rights then outstanding under the ESPP.
Subject to Section 5.01(b) , the Company has outstanding
Cash-Pay Options pursuant to which an aggregate of 1,787,500 Common
Shares are issuable and the weighted average exercise price for
such Cash-Pay Options is $0.39. All outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Company have been, and all shares that may be issued
pursuant to any Company Stock Plan will be, when issued in
accordance with the respective terms thereof, duly authorized and
validly issued and are (or, in the case of shares that have not yet
been issued, will be) fully paid, nonassessable and free of
preemptive rights.
11
(b) Except, (x) as set forth in
Section 3.05(a) , (y) for the rights issued
pursuant to the Rights Agreement, or (z) for changes since the
date of this Agreement resulting from the exercise of Options
outstanding on such date and disclosed on Section 3.05
of the Company Disclosure Schedule and any additional changes since
the date of this Agreement resulting from the grant of Options in
accordance with Section 5.01(b) or the exercise thereof, there
are not now, and at the Effective Time there will not be, any
outstanding (i) shares of capital stock or voting securities
of the Company, (ii) securities of the Company convertible
into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting
securities of the Company, (iii) options, warrants or other
rights or arrangements to acquire from the Company, or other
obligations or commitments of the Company to issue, transfer or
sell any capital stock, voting securities or securities convertible
into or exchangeable for capital stock or voting securities or
other equity interests in, the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company, (iv) restricted shares, restricted share units, stock
appreciation rights, performance shares, contingent value rights,
“phantom” stock or similar securities or rights that
are derivative of, or provide economic benefits based, directly or
indirectly, on the value or price of, any capital stock of, or
other voting securities or ownership interests in, the Company,
(v) voting trusts, proxies or other similar agreements or
understandings to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party granting to any person or group of persons the right to
elect, or to designate or nominate for election, a director to the
Company Board or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
bound with respect to the voting of any shares of capital stock of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) contractual
obligations or commitments of any character to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries is bound restricting the transfer of, or
requiring the registration for sale of, any shares of capital stock
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or
(vii) obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the capital stock of
the Company. No capital stock of the Company is owned by any
Subsidiary of the Company.
(c) (i) Section 3.05(c) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule identifies, with respect to each Option
outstanding as of the date of this Agreement, (A) the name of
each holder of such Option, (B) the number of shares subject
to such Option, (C) the exercise price of such Option, (D) the
number of shares subject to such Option that are vested,
(E) the vesting schedule of such Option and (F) the grant
date of such Option; (ii) the Stock Plans set forth on
Section 3.05(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule are the
only plans or programs the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
maintained under which stock options, restricted shares, restricted
share units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or other
compensatory equity-based awards have been granted and remain
outstanding or may be granted; (iii) all Options may, by their
terms, be treated in accordance with Section 2.02(b) ;
and (iv) no Options (other than the Options specifically
listed on Section 3.05(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule or granted in accordance with Section 5.01(b)
) shall become vested or exercisable.
12
(d) With respect to the Options,
(i) each grant of an Option was duly authorized no later than
the date on which the grant of such Option was by its terms to be
effective (the “ Grant Date ”) by all necessary
corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the Company
Board (or a duly constituted and authorized committee thereof), or
a duly authorized delegate thereof, and any required stockholder
approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents,
(ii) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of
the applicable Stock Plan, the Exchange Act and all other
applicable Laws, including the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules,
(iii) the per share exercise price of each Option was not, and
will not be deemed to be, less than the fair market value of a
Common Share on the applicable Grant Date, and (iv) each such
grant was properly accounted for in all material respects in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States in the financial statements (including the related
notes) of the Company and disclosed in the SEC Reports (as defined
in Section 3.07(a) ) in accordance with the Exchange
Act and all other applicable Laws.
(a) Each Subsidiary of the Company is an
organization duly formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and has all
organizational powers required to carry on its business as now
conducted. Each such Subsidiary is duly qualified to do business as
a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each jurisdiction
where such qualification is necessary, except for those
jurisdictions where failure to be so qualified would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. All “significant
subsidiaries” (as defined in Regulation S-K under the
Exchange Act; provided however that the 10% threshold referred to
in such definition shall be deemed to be 5% for the purposes of
this Agreement) of the Company and their respective jurisdictions
of organization are identified in the Company’s annual report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.
Section 3.05 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets
forth for each Subsidiary of the Company: (i) its authorized
capital stock or share capital; (ii) the number of issued and
outstanding shares of capital stock or share capital; and
(iii) the Company’s direct or indirect equity interest
therein. Except for equity interest in its Subsidiaries, the
Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or
other ownership interest in any Person. No Subsidiary of the
Company owns, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other
ownership interest in any Person, except for the capital stock
and/or other ownership interest in another wholly-owned Subsidiary
of the Company. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent
and Merger Sub a complete and correct copy of the certificate of
incorporation and the bylaws (or equivalent organizational
documents) of each Subsidiary of the Company in full force and
effect as of the date hereof. No Subsidiary of the Company is in
violation of any of the provisions of its certificate of
incorporation or bylaws (or equivalent organizational
documents).
13
(b) All of the outstanding capital stock
of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, each
Subsidiary of the Company is owned by the Company, directly or
indirectly, free and clear of any Lien and free of any other
limitation or restriction (including any restriction on the right
to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other
voting securities or ownership interests), except for such
restrictions resulting from local applicable Laws. There are no
outstanding (i) securities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital
stock or other voting securities or ownership interests in any
Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) options, warrants or other
rights or arrangements to acquire from the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, or other obligations or commitments of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries to issue, any capital stock of or other
voting securities or ownership interests in, or any securities
convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock of or other
voting securities or ownership interests in, any Subsidiary of the
Company, or (iii) restricted shares, stock appreciation
rights, performance shares, contingent value rights,
“phantom” stock or similar securities or rights that
are derivative of, or provide economic benefits based, directly or
indirectly, on the value or price of, any capital stock of, or
other voting securities or ownership interests in, any Subsidiary
of the Company. There are no outstanding obligations of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire any of the capital stock of any of the Company’s
Subsidiaries.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries directly or indirectly owns any equity, ownership,
profit, voting or similar interest in or any interest convertible,
exchangeable or exercisable for, any equity, profit, voting or
similar interest in, any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the
Company).
(a) The Company has timely filed with the
SEC all documents (including exhibits and any amendments thereto)
required by Law to be so filed by it since January 1, 2006.
The Company has delivered, or otherwise made available through the
Company’s filings with the SEC, to Parent (i) the
Company’s annual reports on Form 10-K for its fiscal years
ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, (ii) its proxy or
information statements relating to meetings of, or actions taken
without a meeting by, the stockholders of the Company since
December 31, 2007, and (iii) all of its other reports,
statements, schedules and registration statements filed with the
SEC since January 1, 2006 (the documents referred to in this
Section 3.07 , together with all information
incorporated by reference therein in accordance with applicable SEC
regulations, are collectively referred to in this Agreement as the
“ SEC Reports ”).
(b) As of its filing date, the SEC Reports
complied, and each such SEC Report filed subsequent to the date
hereof will comply, as to form in all material respects with the
applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and
the published rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, as the
case may be, each as in effect on its respective filing
date.
(c) As of its filing date (or, if amended
or superseded by a filing prior to the date hereof, on the date of
such filing), each SEC Report filed pursuant to the Securities Act
did not, and each such SEC Report filed subsequent to the date
hereof will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading.
14
(d) Each SEC Report that is a registration
statement, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, filed
pursuant to the Securities Act, as of the date such registration
statement or amendment became effective (or, if amended or
superseded by a subsequent filing prior to the date hereof, on the
date of such filing), did not, and each such SEC Report filed
subsequent to the date hereof will not, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading.
(e) Each required form, report and document
containing financial statements that has been filed with or
submitted to the SEC by the Company since August 14, 2002, was
accompanied by the certifications required to be filed or submitted
by the Company’s chief executive officer and/or chief
financial officer, as required, pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
and, at the time of filing or submission of each such
certification, such certification was true and accurate and
complied with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As of the date of this
Agreement, no Subsidiary of the Company is subject to the periodic
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. None of the Company,
any current executive officer of the Company or, to the
Company’s knowledge, any former executive officer of the
Company has received written notice from any Governmental Authority
challenging or questioning the accuracy, completeness, form or
manner of filing of such certifications made with respect to the
SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this Agreement.
3.08
Financial Statements; Internal Controls .
(a) The audited consolidated financial
statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial statements
of the Company included in the SEC Reports (i) comply, as of
their respective filing dates with the SEC, in all material
respects with the applicable accounting requirements and the
published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto
(including Regulation S-X), (ii) have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States applied on a consistent basis during the periods
involved (except, in the case of unaudited statements, for the
absence of footnotes), and (iii) fairly present (except as may
be indicated in the notes thereto) the consolidated financial
position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the
dates thereof and their consolidated results of operations and cash
flows for the periods then ended (subject to normal year-end
adjustments in the case of any unaudited interim financial
statements). Except as set forth on Section 3.08(a) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries have any Indebtedness.
(b) The Company’s system of internal
controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f)
and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) is reasonably sufficient in
all material respects to provide reasonable assurance (i) that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States, (ii) that receipts
and expenditures are executed in accordance with the authorization
of management, and (iii) regarding prevention or timely
detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of
the Company’s assets that would materially affect the
Company’s financial statements. No significant deficiency or
material weakness was identified in management’s assessment
of internal controls as of December 31, 2008 (nor has any such
deficiency or weakness been identified between that date and the
date of this Agreement).
15
(c) The Company’s “disclosure
controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are reasonably designed to
ensure that (i) all information (both financial and
non-financial) required to be disclosed by the Company in the
reports that it files or submits under the Securities Act is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported to the individuals
responsible for preparing such reports within the time periods
specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and (ii) all such
information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s
management or to other individuals responsible for preparing such
reports as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure and to make the certifications of the principal
executive officer and principal financial officer of the Company
required under the Exchange Act with respect to such
reports.
(d) The audit committee of the Company
Board includes an Audit Committee Financial Expert, as defined by
Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
(e) The Company has adopted a code of
ethics, as defined by Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K, for
senior financial officers, applicable to its principal financial
officer, comptroller or principal accounting officer, or persons
performing similar functions. The Company has promptly disclosed
any change in or waiver of the Company’s code of ethics with
respect to any such persons, as required by Form 8-K. To the
knowledge of the Company, there have been no violations of
provisions of the Company’s code of ethics by any such
persons.
(f) Except as set forth in
Section 3.08(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is indebted to any
director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(except for amounts due as normal salaries and bonuses or in
reimbursement of ordinary business expenses and directors
’ fees) and no such person is indebted to the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, and there have been no other
transactions of the type required to be disclosed pursuant to Items
402 or 404 of Regulation S - K promulgated by the
SEC.
3.09
Disclosure Documents .
(a) Each document required to be filed by
the Company with the SEC or required to be distributed or otherwise
disseminated to the Company’s stockholders in connection with
the Transactions (the “ Company Disclosure Documents
”), including the proxy or information statement of the
Company (the “ Proxy Statement ”) to be filed
with the SEC for use in connection with the solicitation of proxies
from the Company’s stockholders in connection with the
adoption of this Agreement and the Company Stockholders Meeting,
and any amendments or supplements thereto, when filed, distributed
or disseminated, as applicable, will comply as to form and
substance in all material respects with the applicable requirements
of the Exchange Act.
(b) (i) The Proxy Statement, as
supplemented or amended, if applicable, at the time such Proxy
Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to
stockholders of the Company, at the time such stockholders vote on
adoption of this Agreement and at the Effective Time, and (ii) any
Company Disclosure Documents (other than the Proxy Statement), at
the time of the filing of such Company Disclosure Documents or any
supplement or amendment thereto and at the time of any distribution
or dissemination thereof, will not contain any untrue statement of
a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in
order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The
representations and warranties contained in this
Section 3.09(b) will not apply to statements or
omissions included in the Company Disclosure Documents based upon
information furnished to the Company in writing by Parent
specifically for use therein.
16
3.10 Absence
of Certain Changes .
(a) Since December 31, 2008,
(i) the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries
has been conducted in the ordinary course consistent with past
practice, (ii) there has not been any event, change,
development or set of circumstances that has had or is reasonably
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company
Material Adverse Effect, and (iii) through the date of this
Agreement, there has not been any action or event, nor any
authorization, commitment or agreement by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries with respect to any action or event, that if taken or
if it occurred after the date hereof would be prohibited by
Section 5.01 .
(b) Since December 31, 2008, none of
the Company and its Subsidiaries has engaged, except in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, in
(i) any trade loading practices or any other promotional sales
or discount activity with any customers or distributors with the
intent of accelerating to prior fiscal quarters (including the
current fiscal quarter) sales to the trade or otherwise that would
otherwise be expected to occur in subsequent fiscal quarters, (ii)
any practice which would have the effect of modifying the fiscal
quarter during which collections of receivables or payments by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries occur such that such collections
or payments occur during a fiscal quarter other than as would be
expected based on past practice, or (iii) any other
promotional sales or discount activity similar to that described in
clauses (i) and (ii) above.
3.11 No Undisclosed Material Liabilities
. There are no liabilities or obligations of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries of any kind whatsoever, whether accrued,
contingent, absolute, determined, determinable or otherwise, and
there is no existing condition, situation or set of circumstances
that would reasonably be expected to result in such a liability or
obligation, other than:
(a) liabilities or obligations disclosed
and provided for in the Company’s balance sheet as of
December 31, 2008 (the “ Company Balance Sheet
”);
(b) normal or recurring liabilities
incurred since December 31, 2008 in the ordinary course of
business and in amounts consistent with past practice that would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect; and
(c) liabilities or obligations expressly
contemplated by this Agreement.
(a) There is no suit, claim, action,
proceeding or investigation (“ Proceeding ”)
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against,
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
businesses or assets or any of the directors or employees of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the
Company, its stockholders or representatives (in each case insofar
as any such matters relate to their activities with the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries) at law or in equity, or before any
Governmental Authority, arbitrator or arbitration panel. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any order,
writ, injunction or decree against the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or naming the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a
party or, to the knowledge of the Company, by which any of the
employees or representatives of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is prohibited or restricted from engaging in or
otherwise conducting the business of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries as presently conducted.
17
(b) To the knowledge of the Company, there
is no investigation or review by any Governmental Authority or
self-regulatory authority with respect to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries (excluding investigations and reviews of Proprietary
Rights applications by the intellectual property offices of a
Governmental Authority) or any of their respective employees
(insofar as any such investigation or review relates to their
activities with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) pending or
threatened, nor has any Governmental Authority or self-regulatory
authority indicated to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in
writing or, to the knowledge of the Company, verbally, an intention
to conduct the same.
3.13
Compliance with Law .
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries and
their businesses and operations are and, since January 1, 2006
have been, in compliance with all Laws applicable to the Company or
such Subsidiaries, except as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
received any written notice since January 1, 2006 (i) of
any administrative or civil, or criminal investigation or audit
(other than Tax audits) by any Governmental Authority relating to
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
properties or assets, or (ii) from any Governmental Authority
alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is not in
compliance with any Law or Order.
(b) Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries has in effect all material permits necessary for it to
own, lease or otherwise hold and to operate its real properties and
tangible assets and to carry on its businesses and operations as
now conducted. Since January 1, 2006, there have occurred no
material defaults (with or without notice or lapse of time or both)
under, violations of, or events giving to others any right of
termination, amendment or cancellation, with or without notice or
lapse of time or both, of, any such permit. The Transactions would
not reasonably be expected to cause the revocation or cancellation
(with or without notice or lapse of time or both) of any such
permit.
(a) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any of the following types of Contracts
(each such Contract and each Contract disclosed on the Company
Disclosure Schedule being referred to in this Agreement as a
“ Material Contract ”):
(i) Contract required to be filed by the
Company with the SEC pursuant to Item 601 of
Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;
18
(ii) Contract (A) that involves
performance of services or delivery of goods, materials, supplies
or equipment or developmental commitments to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, or the payment therefor by the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, in either case providing for an annual payment by
the Company of $100,000 or more or (B) between the Company and
any distributor or reseller of the products of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries that holds inventory of the products of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (“ Product
Inventory ”) whose aggregate value, as of
December 31, 2008, exceeded $100,000, pursuant to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be required to repurchase
Product Inventory upon the termination of such Contract;
(iii) Contract that contains any
exclusivity provisions restricting the Company or any of its
affiliates or limits the freedom of the Company or any of its
affiliates to compete in any line of business or with any Person or
in any area or which would so limit the freedom of the Company or
any of its affiliates after the Closing Date;
(iv) lease or sublease (whether of real or
personal property) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is party as either lessor or lessee, providing for either
(i) annual payments of $100,000 or more or (ii) aggregate
payments after the date hereof of $100,000 or more;
(v) Contract relating in whole or in part
to the use, exploitation or practice of any Proprietary Right by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including any license or
other Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is licensee or licensor of any such Proprietary Right (other than
Contracts providing for annual payments of less than $300,000 and
Contracts licensing off the shelf software with a total replacement
cost of less than $100,000);
(vi) Contract relating to Indebtedness
(whether incurred, assumed, guaranteed or secured by any
asset);
(vii) Contract under which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries has, directly or indirectly, made any loan,
capital contribution to, or other investment in, any Person (other
than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and other than
investments in marketable securities in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practices);
(viii) Contract under which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries has any obligations which have not been
satisfied or performed (other than confidentiality obligations)
relating to the acquisition or disposition of any business (whether
by merger, sale of stock, sale of assets or otherwise);
(ix) Contract providing for indemnification
of any Person with respect to liabilities relating to any current
or former business of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any
predecessor Person other than indemnification obligations of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the provisions of a
Contract entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in
the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practices;
(x) partnership, joint venture or other
similar Contract or arrangement; or
(xi) employee collective bargaining
agreement or other Contract with any labor union or employment
Contract (other than for employment at-will or similar
arrangements).
19
(b) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party
thereto, is in violation of or in default under (nor does there
exist any condition, and no event or circumstances have occurred,
which upon the passage of time or the giving of notice would cause
such a violation of or default under) in any material respect in
any Material Contract. Each Material Contract is a valid and
binding agreement of the Company or its Subsidiary, as applicable,
and, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, and
is in full force and effect except as such enforceability may be
limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium and other similar
Laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general
principles of equity.
(a) All material Tax Returns required by
applicable Law to be filed with any Taxing Authority by, or on
behalf of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have been filed
when due in accordance in all material respects with all applicable
Laws (taking into account any extension of time which has been
granted within which to file), and all such Tax Returns are, or
shall be at the time of filing, true and complete in all material
respects.
(b) The Company and each of its
Subsidiaries has paid (or has had paid on its behalf) or has
withheld and remitted to the appropriate Taxing Authority all Taxes
due and payable, or, where payment is not yet due or where Taxes
are being contested in good faith, has established (or has had
established on its behalf and for its sole benefit and recourse) in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States an adequate accrual for all material Taxes through
the end of the last period for which the Company and its
Subsidiaries ordinarily record items on their respective
books.
(c) The U.S. federal and state income and
franchise Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries through
the Tax year ended December 31, 2003 have been examined and
closed or are Tax Returns with respect to which the applicable
period for assessment under applicable Law, after giving effect to
extensions or waivers, has expired.
(d) There are no material Liens or
encumbrances for Taxes on any of the assets of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries.
(e) No federal, state, local or foreign
audits, examinations, investigations or other Proceedings are
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened with regard
to any Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company or its
Subsidiaries.
(f) There is currently no effective
agreement or other document extending, or having the effect of
extending, the period of assessment or collection of any Taxes with
respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(g) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has constituted either a “distributing
corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a
distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment
under Section 355 of the Code in the five years prior to the
date of this Agreement.
20
(h) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has participated in a “reportable
transaction” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations
Section 1.6011-4(b)(1).
(i) Except as set forth in
Section 3.15(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
there is no Contract or other arrangement, plan or agreement by or
with the Company or any of its subsidiaries covering any person
that, individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment
of any amount by the Company or any of its subsidiaries that would
not be deductible by the Company or such subsidiary by reason of
Sections 280G or 162(m) of the Code (or any corresponding
provision of state, local or foreign law).
(j) “ Tax ” means
(i) any tax, governmental fee or other like assessment or
charge of any kind whatsoever (including withholding on amounts
paid to or by any Person), together with any interest, penalty,
addition to tax or additional amount imposed by any Governmental
Authority responsible for the imposition of any such tax (domestic
or foreign) (a “ Taxing Authority ”), and any
liability for any of the foregoing as transferee, (ii) in the
case of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, liability for the
payment of any amount of the type described in clause (i) as a
result of being or having been before the Effective Time a member
of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group, or a
party to any agreement or arrangement, as a result of which
liability of a Person or any of its Subsidiaries to a Taxing
Authority is determined or taken into account with reference to the
activities of any other Person, and (iii) liability of a Person or
any of its Subsidiaries for the payment of any amount as a result
of being party to any Tax Sharing Agreement or with respect to the
payment of any amount imposed on any Person of the type described
in (i) or (ii) as a result of any existing express or
implied agreement or arrangement (including an indemnification
agreement or arrangement). “ Tax Return ” means
any report, return, document, declaration or other information or
filing required to be supplied to any Taxing Authority with respect
to Taxes, including information returns, any documents with respect
to or accompanying payments of estimated Taxes, or with respect to
or accompanying requests for the extension of time in which to file
any such report, return, document, declaration or other
information. “ Tax Sharing Agreements ” means
all existing agreements or arrangements (whether or not written)
binding a Person or any of its Subsidiaries that provide for the
allocation, apportionment, sharing or assignment of any Tax
liability or benefit, or the transfer or assignment of income,
revenues, receipts or gains for the purpose of determining any
Person’s Tax liability (excluding any indemnification
agreements or arrangements pertaining to the sale or lease of
assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries).
3.16
Employee Benefit Plans .
(a) Except as disclosed in
Section 3.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
there exist no employment, consulting, severance, retention,
termination or change-of-control agreements, arrangements or
understandings between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and
any individual current or former employee, independent contractor,
officer or director (or any dependent, beneficiary or relative of
any of the foregoing) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(collectively, the “ Employees ”) with respect
to which the annual cash, noncontingent payments thereunder exceed
$150,000 or where the contingent and noncontingent annual
compensation is reasonably likely to exceed $200,000.
21
(b) “ Benefit Plans ”
means each “employee benefit plan,” as defined in
Section 3(3) of ERISA, each employment, severance or similar
contract, plan, arrangement or policy and each other plan or
arrangement providing for compensation, bonuses, profit-sharing,
stock option or other stock related rights or other forms of
incentive or deferred compensation, vacation benefits, insurance
(including any self-insured arrangements), health or medical
benefits, employee assistance program, disability or sick leave
benefits, workers’ compensation, supplemental unemployment
benefits, severance benefits and post-employment or retirement
benefits (including compensation, pension, health, medical or life
insurance benefits) which (i) are maintained, administered or
contributed to by the Company or any affiliate of the Company as of
the date of this Agreement and covers any Employees, or
(ii) with respect to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has any liability. With respect to Benefit Plans,
programs, and other arrangements providing incentive compensation
or other benefits similar to those provided under any Benefit Plans
to any Employee, which plan, program or arrangement is subject to
the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States (“
Foreign Plans ”), (A) to the knowledge of the
Company, the Foreign Plans have been maintained in all material
respects in accordance with all applicable Laws, (B) if
intended to qualify for special Tax treatment, the Foreign Plans
meet all requirements for such treatment, (C) if intended to
be funded and/or book-reserved, the Foreign Plans are fully funded
and/or book reserved, as appropriate, based upon reasonable
actuarial assumptions, and (D) no liability which could be
material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole
exists or reasonably could be imposed upon the assets of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries by reason of such Foreign Plans,
other than to the extent reflected on the Company Balance
Sheet.
(c) Neither the Company nor any ERISA
Affiliate nor any predecessor thereof sponsors, maintains or
contributes to, has in the past sponsored, maintained or
contributed to, or otherwise has any liability with respect to
(i) any Benefit Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, (ii) any
non-U.S. defined benefit plan, or (iii) any
“multiemployer plan” within the meaning of
Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.
(d) Each Benefit Plan which is intended to
be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a
favorable determination letter, or has pending or has time
remaining in which to file an application for such determination,
from the Internal Revenue Service, and the Company is not aware of
any facts that would result in revocation of any such determination
letter. The Company has made available to Parent copies of the most
recent Internal Revenue Service determination letters with respect
to each such Benefit Plan. Each Benefit Plan has been maintained in
substantial compliance with its terms and with the requirements
prescribed by any and all statutes, orders, rules and regulations,
including ERISA and the Code, which are applicable to such Benefit
Plan. The Company has no knowledge of the occurrence of any events
with respect to any Benefit Plan that could result in payment or
assessment by or against the Company of any excise Taxes under
Sections 4972, 4975, 4976, 4977, 4979, 4980B, 4980D, 4980E or 5000
of the Code.
22
(e) Except as disclosed in
Section 3.16(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the
consummation of the Transactions will not (either alone or together
with any other event) entitle any employee, director or independent
contractor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance
pay or accelerate the time of payment or vesting or trigger any
payment or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of
compensation or benefits under, or increase the amount payable or
trigger any other material obligation pursuant to, any agreement,
any Benefit Plan or other employee plan.
(f) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has any material liability in respect of
post-retirement health, medical or life insurance benefits for
Employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries except as
required to avoid excise Tax under Section 4980B of the Code.
All contributions, premiums and other payments that are due have
been paid with respect to each Benefit Plan. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.16(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no
unfunded liabilities with respect to any Benefit Plans
exist.
(g) There is no Proceeding pending against
or involving (and, to the knowledge of the Company, there is no
audit or investigation pending or threatened, and there is no
Proceeding threatened, against or involving), any Benefit Plan or
any fiduciary thereof with respect to their duties under the
Benefit Plan or the assets of any of the trusts thereunder, before
any court or arbitrator or any Governmental Authority.
(h) The Company has identified in
Section 3.16(h) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and
has made available to Parent true and complete copies of
(i) all Benefit Plans, (ii) all severance plans and
agreements and employment agreements with or relating to directors
or executive officers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
and (iii) all plans, programs, agreements and other
arrangements of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries with or
relating to its Employees which contain change in control
provisions. Section 3.16(h) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth the amount of any compensation or remuneration
of any kind or nature which is or may become payable to any
Employee, in whole or in part, by reason of the execution and
delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions
(the “ Change of Control Payments ”).
3.17 Labor
and Employment Matters .
(a) Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining
agreements or understandings with any labor unions or labor
organizations. There is no (i) unfair labor practice, labor
dispute (other than routine individual grievances) or labor
arbitration proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company,
threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating
to their businesses, (ii) activity or proceeding by a labor
union or representative thereof to the knowledge of the Company to
organize any emplo
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