Exhibit 2.1
EXECUTION VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
among
THE STRIDE RITE
CORPORATION,
PAYLESS SHOESOURCE,
INC.
and
SAN JOSE ACQUISITION
CORP.
Dated as of May 22,
2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page
|
|
Article—I DEFINITIONS AND
TERMS
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1.1.
|
|
Certain
Definitions
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1.2.
|
|
Other
Interpretive Provisions
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
Article—II The Merger; Closing; Effective
Time
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
2.1.
|
|
The
Merger
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
2.2.
|
|
Closing
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
2.3.
|
|
Effective
Time
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
Article—III Articles of Organization and
By Laws of the Surviving Corporation
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
3.1.
|
|
The Articles of
Organization
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
3.2.
|
|
The By
Laws
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
|
Article—IV Directors and Officers of the
Surviving Corporation
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
4.1.
|
|
Directors
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
4.2.
|
|
Officers
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
|
Article—V Effect of the Merger on Capital
Stock; Exchange of Certificates
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
5.1.
|
|
Effect on
Capital Stock
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
5.2.
|
|
Exchange of
Certificates
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
5.3.
|
|
Treatment of
Stock Plans
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
Article—VI Representations and
Warranties
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
6.1.
|
|
Representations
and Warranties of the Company
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.1
|
|
Organization, Good Standing and
Qualification
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.2
|
|
Capital Structure
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.3
|
|
Corporate Authority; Approval and
Fairness
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.4
|
|
Governmental Filings; No Violations; Certain
Contracts
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.5
|
|
Company Reports; Financial Statements;
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.6
|
|
Information Supplied
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.7
|
|
Absence of Certain Changes
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.8
|
|
Litigation and Liabilities
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.9
|
|
Employee Benefits
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.10
|
|
Compliance with Laws; Licenses
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.11
|
|
Material Contracts and Government
Contracts
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.12
|
|
Real Property
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.13
|
|
Chapter 110 D and 110F Not
Applicable
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.14
|
|
Environmental Matters
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.15
|
|
Taxes
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.16
|
|
Labor Matters
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.17
|
|
Intellectual Property
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.18
|
|
Insurance
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.19
|
|
Rights Agreement
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.20
|
|
Brokers and Finders
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.21
|
|
Inventory
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.22
|
|
Customers and Suppliers
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.23
|
|
Products
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1.24
|
|
Warranties and Indemnities
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
6.2.
|
|
Representations
and Warranties of Parent and Merger Sub
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.1
|
|
Organization, Good Standing and
Qualification
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.2
|
|
Corporate Authority
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.3
|
|
Governmental Filings; No Violations;
Etc.
|
|
27
|
i
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.4
|
|
Information Supplied
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.5
|
|
Financing
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.6
|
|
Ownership of Company Shares
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2.7
|
|
Capitalization Operations of Merger
Sub
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
Article—VII Covenants
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
7.1.
|
|
Interim
Operations
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
7.2.
|
|
No Solicitation
of Transactions; Acquisition Proposals
|
|
31
|
|
|
|
7.3.
|
|
Proxy
Statement
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
7.4.
|
|
Shareholders
Meeting
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
7.5.
|
|
Filings; Other
Actions; Notification
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
7.6.
|
|
Access and
Reports
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
7.7.
|
|
Stock Exchange
De-listing
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
7.8.
|
|
Publicity
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
7.9.
|
|
Employee
Benefits
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
7.10.
|
|
Expenses
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
7.11.
|
|
Indemnification; Directors’ and
Officers’ Insurance
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
7.12.
|
|
Financing
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
7.13.
|
|
Other Actions by the Company
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
7.14.
|
|
Parent
Vote
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
|
Article—VIII Conditions
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
8.1.
|
|
Conditions to
Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
8.2.
|
|
Conditions to
Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
8.3.
|
|
Conditions to
Obligation of the Company
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
Article—IX Termination
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
9.1.
|
|
Termination
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
9.2.
|
|
Effect of
Termination and Abandonment
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
Article—X Miscellaneous and
General
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.1.
|
|
Survival
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.2.
|
|
Modification or
Amendment
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.3.
|
|
Waiver of
Conditions
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.4.
|
|
Counterparts
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.5.
|
|
GOVERNING LAW;
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
10.6.
|
|
Notices
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
10.7.
|
|
Entire
Agreement
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
10.8.
|
|
No Third Party
Beneficiaries
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
10.9.
|
|
Obligations of
Parent and of the Company
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
10.10.
|
|
Transfer
Taxes
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
10.11.
|
|
Severability
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
10.12.
|
|
Interpretation;
Construction
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
10.13.
|
|
Assignment
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit 1
|
|
Company Disclosure Schedule
|
|
Exhibit 2
|
|
Parent
Disclosure Schedule
|
ii
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
(hereinafter called this “ Agreement ”),
dated as of May 22, 2007, among The Stride Rite Corporation, a
Massachusetts corporation (the “ Company
”), Payless ShoeSource, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“
Parent ”), and San Jose Acquisition Corp., a
Massachusetts corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent
(“ Merger Sub ,” the Company and Merger
Sub sometimes being hereinafter collectively referred to as the
“ Constituent Corporations ”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the respective boards of
directors of each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have
approved or adopted the merger of Merger Sub with and into the
Company (the “ Merger ”) upon the terms
and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and have
declared advisable this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, the Company, Parent and
Merger Sub desire to make certain representations, warranties,
covenants and agreements in connection with this
Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of
the premises, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements contained herein, the parties hereto agree as
follows:
ARTICLE—I
DEFINITIONS AND
TERMS
1.1. Certain
Definitions.
As used in this Agreement, the
following terms have the meanings set forth below:
“1998 Plan ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.2(a).
“ 1998-D Plan ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.2(a).
“ 2001 Plan ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.2(a).
“ Acquisition Proposal
” means (i) any proposal or offer with respect to a
merger, joint venture, partnership, consolidation, dissolution,
liquidation, tender offer, recapitalization, reorganization, share
exchange, business combination or similar transaction involving the
Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries and (ii) any
proposal or offer to acquire in any manner, directly or indirectly,
15% or more of the total voting power or of any class of equity
securities of the Company or those of any of its Subsidiaries, or
15% or more of the consolidated total assets (including, without
limitation, equity securities of its Subsidiaries) of the Company,
in each case other than the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
“ affiliate ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 12b-2 under
the Exchange Act.
“ Agreement ” has
the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
“ Alternative Acquisition
Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.2(d)(iii).
“ Applicable Date
” means December 1, 2004.
“ Bank of America Credit
Facility ” shall mean the financing arrangement with the
Bank of America pursuant to the (i) Credit Agreement, dated
September 16, 2005, among The Stride Rite Corporation, Stride
Rite
Children’s Group, Inc., Bank of America,
N.A., as Administrative Agent and Swing Line Lender, the other
lenders from time to time party thereto, The Bank of New York and
Sun Trust Bank, as Co-Syndications Agents, and Citizens Bank of
Massachusetts, as Documentation Agent and Banc of America
Securities, LLC as Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Book Manager,
(ii) Guaranty Agreement, dated September 16, 2005, by and
among The Stride Rite Corporation, Stride Rite
Children’s’ Group, Inc., the other borrowers listed
therein, the lenders from time to time party thereto, and Bank of
America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and (iii) the letters
of credit in the ordinary course of business between the Company
and The Bank of New York and Bank of America, N.A.
“ Bankruptcy and Equity
Exception ” means bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles.
“ beneficial ownership
” (and its correlative terms) shall have the meaning assigned
to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act.
“ Benefit Plans ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(a).
“ Board Approval
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.3(b).
“ Board Determination
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.2(c).
“ business day ”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 14d-1(g)(3)
under the Exchange Act.
“ By Laws ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.
“ Certificate ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(a).
“ Change of
Recommendation ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.2(e).
“ Charter ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
“ Class 1 Company
Representations and Warranties ” has the meaning set
forth in Section 8.2(a).
“ Class 2 Company
Representations and Warranties ” has the meaning set
forth in Section 8.2(a).
“ Closing ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.
“ Closing Date ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.
“ Code ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(b).
“ Common Stock ”
means the common stock, par value $0.25 per share, of the
Company.
“ Commitment Letters
” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.5.
“ Company ” has
the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
“ Company Approvals
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.4(a).
“ Company Awards
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3(d).
“ Company Board ”
means the board of directors of the Company.
“ Company Disclosure
Schedule ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.
2
“ Company Employees
” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.9
“ Company Labor
Agreements ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.16.
“ Company Stock Options
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3(a)(i).
“ Company
Recommendation ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.3(b).
“ Company Reports
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.5(a).
“ Company Requisite
Vote ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.3(a).
“ Company Restricted
Stock ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3(d).
“ Confidential
Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 1.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
“ Confidentiality
Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 10.7.
“ Constituent
Corporations ” has the meaning set forth in the
Preamble.
“Contrac
t” means agreement, lease,
license, contract, note, mortgage, indenture, arrangement or other
obligation.
“ Costs ” means
costs or expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees),
judgments, fines, losses, claims, damages or
liabilities.
“ Dissenting
Shareholders ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.1.
“ Effect ” has
the meaning set forth in the “Material Adverse Effect”
definition in Section 1.1.
“ Effective Time
” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.
“ Employees ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(a).
“ Encumbrance ”
means any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest,
easement or other restriction or title matter or encumbrance of any
kind in respect of such asset but specifically excludes
(i) specified encumbrances described in Section 1.1(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule; (ii) encumbrances for current
Taxes or other governmental charges not yet due and payable;
(iii) mechanics’, carriers’, workmen’s,
repairmen’s or other like encumbrances arising or incurred in
the ordinary course of business and are reflected on or
specifically reserved against or otherwise disclosed in the
consolidated balance sheets included in the Company Reports; and
(iv) other encumbrances that would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to materially impair the
continued use, operation, value or marketability of the specific
parcel of Owned Real Property to which they relate or the overall
conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as
presently conducted.
“ Environmental Law
” means any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law,
regulation, order, decree, permit, authorization or written
requirement of any Governmental Entity relating to: (A) the
protection of the environment, health and safety, or natural
resources, (B) the handling, use, treatment, storage,
disposal, release or exposure to any Hazardous Substance or
(C) indoor air, employee exposure, wetlands, pollution,
contamination or any injury to persons or property relating to any
Hazardous Substance.
“ ERISA ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(a).
“ ERISA Plan ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(b).
3
“ ERISA Affiliate
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.9(c).
“ ESPP ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 5.3(h).
“ Exchange Act ”
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“ Exchange Fund ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(a).
“ Excluded Shares
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.1(a).
“ GAAP ” has the
meaning set forth in the Section 6.1.5(c).
“ Governmental Entity
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.4(a).
“ Hazardous Substance
” means any substance that is: (A) listed, classified or
regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law; (B) any petroleum
product or by product, asbestos-containing material,
lead-containing paint or plumbing, polychlorinated biphenyls, toxic
mold or radon; and (C) any other substance which is the
subject of regulatory action by any Governmental Entity pursuant to
any Environmental Law.
“ HSR Act ” means
the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as
amended.
“ Indemnified Parties
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.11(a).
“ Insurance Policies
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.18.
“ Intellectual Property
” means all (i) trademarks, service marks, brand names,
certification marks, collective marks, d/b/a’s, Internet
domain names, logos, symbols, trade dress, trade names, and other
indicia of origin, all applications and registrations for the
foregoing, and all goodwill associated therewith and symbolized
thereby, including all renewals of same (collectively, “
Marks ”); (ii) inventions and discoveries,
whether patentable or not, and all patents, registrations,
invention disclosures and applications therefor, including
divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part and renewal
applications, and including renewals, extensions and reissues;
(iii) Trade Secrets; (iv) published and unpublished works
of authorship, whether copyrightable or not (including, without
limitation, databases and other compilations of information),
copyrights therein and thereto, and registrations and applications
therefor, and all renewals, extensions, restorations and reversions
thereof; and (v) all other intellectual property or
proprietary rights.
“ Intellectual Property
Contracts ” means all agreements concerning Intellectual
Property to which the Company or its Subsidiaries are a party,
including without limitation, license agreements, non-assertion
agreements, settlement agreements, trademark coexistence agreements
and trademark consent agreements.
“ IRS ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(b).
“ IT Assets ”
means the Company’s and the Subsidiaries’ computers,
computer software, firmware, middleware, servers, workstations,
routers, hubs, switches, data communications lines, and all other
information technology equipment, and all associated
documentation.
“ Knowledge ”
means the actual (and not constructive or imputed) knowledge, after
due inquiry, of those individuals set forth on Section 1.1(c)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
“ Laws ” means
any federal, state, local or foreign law, statute or ordinance,
common law, or any rule, regulation, standard, judgment, order,
writ, injunction, decree, arbitration award, agency requirement,
license or permit of any Governmental Entity.
“ Leased Real Property
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.12(b).
4
“ Licenses ”
means permits, licenses, certifications, approvals, registrations,
consents, authorizations, franchises, variances, exemptions and
orders issued or granted by a Governmental Entity.
“ Lien ” means
any lien, charge, pledge, security interest, claim or other
encumbrance.
“ Mark ” has the
meaning set forth in the definition of “ Intellectual
Property .”
“ Massachusetts Articles of
Merger ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.3.
“ Material Adverse
Effect ” shall mean, with respect to the Company, a
change, event or effect (an “ Effect ”)
that has a material adverse effect on the business, operations,
assets, liabilities, properties, results of operations, or
financial condition of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a
whole, other than (a) any Effect resulting from
(i) general changes in the economy or financial markets of the
United States or any other region outside of the United States to
the extent they do not disproportionately affect the Company and
its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in relation to other companies
in the industries in which the Company and its subsidiaries conduct
business, (ii) changes in general economic or business
conditions (including the commencement or escalation of a war or
material armed hostilities, acts of terrorism, or the occurrence of
natural disasters) that generally affect industries in which the
Company and its Subsidiaries conduct business to the extent they do
not disproportionately affect the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, in relation to other companies in the industries
in which the Company and its subsidiaries conduct business,
(iii) changes in GAAP, (iv) the announcement of this
Agreement or pendency or consummation of the Merger, (v) the
identity of the Parent, Merger Sub, or any of their Affiliates as
the acquiror of the Company, (vi) the termination by any party
to the Confidential Agreement of its relationship with the Company
or any of its subsidiaries, or (vii) the termination by
employees of their employment with the Company or any of its
subsidiaries for reasons primarily relating to the announcement or
pendency of this Agreement or (viii) threatened or actual
reduction, suspension or termination by outsourced suppliers of
their relationship with the Company or any of its subsidiaries so
long as such reductions, suspensions or termination for all such
suppliers collectively would not be reasonably likely to disrupt
the procurement of a material portion of the Company and its
Subsidiaries’ inventory or other supplies, or (b) any
decline in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the
capital stock of the Company (it being understood that the cause or
causes underlying any such decline, change or failure may be deemed
either alone or in combination with other events to constitute a
Material Adverse Effect).
“ Material Contracts
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.11(a).
“ MBCA ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“ Merger ” has
the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
“ Merger Consideration
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.2(a).
“ Merger Sub ”
has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
“ Multiemployer Plan
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.9(b).
“ NYSE ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 6.1.5(b).
“ Non-U.S. Benefit
Plans ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.9(a).
“ Order ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 8.1(c).
“ Option Consideration
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.3(b).
“ Owned Real Property
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.12(a).
5
“ PBGC ” has the
meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(c).
“ Parent ” has
the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
“ Parent Approvals
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.2.3(a).
“ Parent Disclosure
Schedule ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.2.
“ Paying Agent ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(a).
“ Pension Plan ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.9(b).
“ Per Share Merger
Consideration ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.1(a).
“ Person ” means
any individual, corporation (including not-for-profit), general or
limited partnership, limited liability company, joint venture,
estate, trust, association, organization, Governmental Entity or
other entity of any kind or nature.
“ Preferred Stock
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.2(a).
“ Proxy Statement
” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.3.
“ Real Property ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.12(b).
“ Registered ”
means issued by, registered with, renewed by or the subject of a
pending application before any Governmental Entity or Internet
domain name registrar.
“ Representatives
” means employees, investment bankers, attorneys, accountants
and other advisors or representatives.
“ Required Cash Amount
” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.5.
“ Rights ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 6.1.2(a).
“ Rights Agreement
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.2(a).
“ Sarbanes-Oxley Act
” means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
“ Scheduled Intellectual
Property ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.17(a).
“ SEC ” means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
“ Securities Act
” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“ Securities Laws
” means the applicable federal securities laws and the rules
and regulations of the SEC thereunder.
“ Shareholders ”
means the holders of the Shares.
“ Shareholders Meeting
” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4.
“ Shares ” has
the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(a).
“ Significant
Subsidiary ” is as defined in Rule 1.02(w) of Regulation
S-X promulgated pursuant to the Exchange Act.
6
“ Stock Plans ”
has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(a)(i).
“ Subsidiary ”
means any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other legal
entity of which the Company or such other Person, as the case may
be with respect to when such term is used (either alone or through
or together with any other Subsidiary hereof), owns, directly or
indirectly, stock or other equity interests the holders of which
are generally entitled to elect a majority of the board of
directors or other persons performing similar functions of such
corporation, partnership, joint venture or other legal
entity.
“ Superior Proposal
” means an unsolicited bona fide Acquisition Proposal
involving substantially all of the assets (on a consolidated basis)
or more than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of the equity
securities of the Company that the Company Board has determined in
its good faith judgment, after taking into account all legal,
financial and regulatory aspects of the proposal (including the
likelihood of consummation) and the Person making the proposal,
would result in a transaction more favorable to the Company’s
shareholders from a financial point of view than the transaction
contemplated by this Agreement.
“ Superior Proposal
Notice ” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.2(c).
“ Surviving Corporation
” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
“ Takeover Statute
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.13.
“ Tax ”
(including, with correlative meaning, the term “Taxes”)
includes all federal, state, local and foreign income, profits,
franchise, gross receipts, environmental, customs duty, capital
stock, severances, stamp, payroll, sales, employment, unemployment,
disability, use, property, withholding, excise, production, value
added, occupancy and other taxes, duties or assessments of any
nature whatsoever, together with all interest, penalties and
additions imposed with respect to such amounts and any interest in
respect of such penalties and additions.
“ Tax Return ”
includes all returns and reports (including elections,
declarations, disclosures, schedules, estimates and information
returns) required to be supplied to a Tax authority relating to
Taxes.
“ Termination Date
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 9.1(b).
“ Termination Fee
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 9.2(b).
“ Trade Secrets ”
means rights under applicable trade secret Laws as are applicable
to confidential information, trade secrets and know-how, including
processes, schematics, business methods, formulae, drawings,
prototypes, models, designs, customer lists and supplier
lists.
“ Transactions ”
means the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby.
“ U.S. Benefit Plans
” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1.9(b).
1.2. Other Interpretive
Provisions.
(a) The words “hereof,”
“herein,” and “hereunder” and words of
similar import, when used in this Agreement, shall refer to this
Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this
Agreement;
(b) the terms defined in the
singular have a comparable meaning when used in the plural, and
vice versa;
(c) the terms “Dollars”
and “$” mean United States Dollars;
(d) references herein to a specific
Section, Subsection, Recital, Schedule or Exhibit shall refer,
respectively, to Sections, Subsections, Recitals, Schedules or
Exhibits of this Agreement;
(e) wherever the word
“include,” “includes,” or
“including” is used in this Agreement, it shall be
deemed to be followed by the words “without
limitation”;
7
(f) references herein to any gender
include each other gender;
(g) references herein to any Person
include such Person’s heirs, executors, personal
representatives, administrators, successors and assigns; provided,
however, that nothing contained in this clause (g) is intended
to authorize any assignment or transfer not otherwise permitted by
this Agreement;
(h) references herein to a Person in
a particular capacity or capacities exclude such Person in any
other capacity;
(i) references herein to any
contract or agreement (including this Agreement) mean such contract
or agreement as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time
in accordance with the terms thereof;
(j) with respect to the
determination of any period of time, the word “from”
means “from and including” and the words
“to” and “until” each means “to but
excluding”;
(k) references herein to any Law or
any license mean such Law or license as amended, modified,
codified, reenacted, supplemented or superseded in whole or in
part, and in effect from time to time;
(l) references herein to any Law
shall be deemed also to refer to all rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, unless the context requires otherwise;
and
(m) references herein to sections of
the Code shall be construed to also refer to any successor
sections.
ARTICLE—II
The Merger; Closing; Effective
Time
2.1. The Merger.
Upon the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time (as
defined in Section 2.3), Merger Sub shall be merged with and
into the Company and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub
shall thereupon cease. The Company shall be the surviving
corporation in the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the
“ Surviving Corporation ”), and the
separate corporate existence of the Company, with all its rights,
privileges, immunities, powers and franchises, shall continue
unaffected by the Merger. The Merger shall have the effects
specified in the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act (the
“ MBCA ”).
2.2. Closing.
Unless otherwise mutually agreed in
writing between the Company and Parent, the closing for the Merger
(the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the
offices of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, 125 Broad Street, New
York, New York, at 9:00 A.M. on the first business day (the “
Closing Date ”) following the day on which the
last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in
ARTICLE VIII shall be satisfied or waived in accordance with this
Agreement (other than conditions contemplated hereby to be
satisfied at the Closing, it being understood and agreed that the
Closing will be subject to the satisfaction or waiver of such
conditions).
2.3. Effective
Time.
As soon as practicable following the
Closing, the Company and Parent shall cause Articles of Merger (the
“ Massachusetts Articles of Merger ”) to
be executed, acknowledged and delivered to the Office of the
Secretary of State of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for filing
as provided in Section 11.06 of the MBCA. The Merger shall
become effective at the time when the Massachusetts Articles of
Merger have been received for filing by the Secretary of State of
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or at such later time as may be
agreed by the parties in writing and specified in the Massachusetts
Articles of Merger (the “ Effective Time
”).
8
ARTICLE—III
Articles of Organization and By
Laws of the Surviving Corporation
3.1. The Articles of
Organization.
At the Effective Time, the articles
of organization of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to
the Effective Time, shall be amended and restated to read in their
entirety as the articles of organization of Merger Sub as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time read, and as so amended and
restated, shall be the articles of organization of the Surviving
Corporation (the “ Charter ”) until
thereafter amended in accordance with the provisions thereof and as
provided by applicable Law.
3.2. The By Laws.
At the Effective Time, the by laws
of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective
Time, shall be amended and restated to read in their entirety as
the by laws of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time read, and as amended and restated, shall be the by
laws of the Surviving Corporation (the “ By
Laws ”), until thereafter amended as provided therein
or by applicable Law.
ARTICLE—IV
Directors and Officers of the
Surviving Corporation
4.1. Directors.
The board of directors of Merger Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the
Effective Time, be the directors of the Surviving Corporation until
their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified
or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance
with the Charter and the By Laws.
4.2. Officers.
The officers of the Company
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the
Effective Time, be the officers of the Surviving Corporation until
their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified
or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance
with the Charter and the By Laws.
ARTICLE—V
Effect of the Merger on Capital
Stock; Exchange of Certificates
5.1. Effect on Capital
Stock.
At the Effective Time, as a result
of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of
any capital stock of the Company or Merger Sub:
(a) Merger Consideration .
Each share of the Common Stock (a “ Share
” or, collectively, the “ Shares ”)
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
other than (i) Shares owned by Parent, Merger Sub or any other
direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent and Shares
owned by the Company or any direct or indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company, and in each case not held on behalf of
third parties, and (ii) Shares that are owned by shareholders
(“ Dissenting Shareholders ”) who are
entitled to demand and have made a demand for appraisal and who
have otherwise perfected appraisal rights in accordance with the
MBCA, not voted in favor of the Merger and have not withdrawn a
demand for appraisal rights pursuant to Part 13 of the MBCA, if
applicable (each, an “ Excluded Share ,”
and
9
collectively, “ Excluded
Shares ”) shall be converted into the right to
receive $20.50 per Share, without interest (the “ Per
Share Merger Consideration ”). At the Effective Time,
all of the Shares shall cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled
and shall cease to exist, and each certificate (a “
Certificate ”) formerly representing any of the
Shares (other than Excluded Shares) shall thereafter represent only
the right to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration, without
interest.
(b) Cancellation of Excluded
Shares . Each Excluded Share shall, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of the holder thereof, cease to be
outstanding, shall be cancelled without payment of any
consideration therefor and shall cease to exist, subject to any
rights the holder thereof may have under
Section 5.2(f).
(c) Merger Sub . At the
Effective Time, each share of common stock, par value $0.25 per
share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall be converted into one share of common
stock, par value $0.25 per share, of the Surviving
Corporation.
5.2. Exchange of
Certificates.
(a) Paying Agent . Prior to
the time of the mailing of the Proxy Statement, Parent shall
(i) designate, or cause to be designated, a bank or trust
company that is reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “
Paying Agent ”), and (ii) enter into a paying
agent agreement, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the
Company, with such Paying Agent to act as agent for the payment or
exchange in accordance with this Article V of the Per Share Merger
Consideration to the Shareholders. On or before the Effective Time,
Parent shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, with the Paying
Agent funds in an amount sufficient in the aggregate to make the
payments contemplated by Section 5.1(a) (the “ Merger
Consideration ”) of this Agreement, in accordance with
the procedures set forth in this Agreement (such funds, the “
Exchange Fund ”). In the event the Exchange Fund shall
be insufficient to make all such payments, Parent shall promptly
deposit, or cause to be deposited, additional funds with the Paying
Agent in an amount that is equal to the deficiency in the amount of
funds required to make such payments. The Paying Agent shall make
payments of the Merger Consideration out of the Exchange Fund in
accordance with this Agreement. The Exchange Fund shall not be used
for any other purpose. Any amounts in excess of the Merger
Consideration shall be promptly returned to Parent.
(b) Exchange Procedures .
Promptly after the Effective Time (and in any event within three
business days), the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Paying
Agent to mail to each holder of record of Shares (other than
holders of Excluded Shares) (i) a letter of transmittal in
customary form specifying that delivery shall be effected, and risk
of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon
delivery of the Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof
as provided in Section 5.2(e)) to the Paying Agent, such
letter of transmittal to be in such form and have such other
provisions as Parent and the Company may reasonably agree, and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in
Section 5.2(e)) in exchange for the Per Share Merger
Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate (or affidavit of
loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 5.2(e)) to the
Paying Agent in accordance with the terms of such letter of
transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be
entitled to receive in exchange therefor a cash amount in
immediately available funds (after giving effect to any required
tax withholdings as provided in Section 5.2(g)) equal to
(x) the number of Shares represented by such Certificate (or
affidavit of loss in lieu thereof as provided in
Section 5.2(e)) multiplied by (y) the Per Share Merger
Consideration, and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith
be cancelled. No interest will be paid or accrued on any amount
payable upon due surrender of the Certificates. In the event of a
transfer of ownership of Shares that is not registered in the
transfer records of the Company, a check for any cash to be
exchanged upon due surrender of the Certificate may be issued to
such transferee if the Certificate formerly representing such
Shares is presented to the Paying Agent, accompanied by all
documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and to
evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been paid or
are not applicable.
(c) Transfers . From and
after the Effective Time, there shall be no transfers on the stock
transfer books of the Company of the Shares that were outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the
10
Effective Time, any Certificate is
presented to the Surviving Corporation, Parent or the Paying Agent
for transfer, it shall be cancelled and exchanged for the cash
amount in immediately available funds to which the holder thereof
is entitled pursuant to this ARTICLE V.
(d) Termination of Exchange
Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund (including the proceeds
of any investments thereof) that remains unclaimed by the
Shareholders of the Company for 180 days after the Effective Time
shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation. Any holder of
Shares (other than Excluded Shares) who has not theretofore
complied with this ARTICLE V shall thereafter look only to the
Surviving Corporation for payment of the Per Share Merger
Consideration (after giving effect to any required tax withholdings
as provided in Section 5.2(g)) upon due surrender of its
Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof), without any
interest thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the
Surviving Corporation, Parent, the Paying Agent or any other Person
shall be liable to any former holder of Shares for any amount
properly delivered to a public official pursuant to applicable
abandoned property, escheat or similar Laws.
(e) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates . In the event any Certificate shall have been
lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or
destroyed and, if required by Parent, the posting by such Person of
a bond in customary amount and upon such terms as may be required
by Parent as indemnity against any claim that may be made against
it or the Surviving Corporation with respect to such Certificate,
the Paying Agent will issue a check in the amount (after giving
effect to any required tax withholdings) equal to the number of
Shares represented by such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate
multiplied by the Per Share Merger Consideration.
(f) Appraisal Rights . No
holder of Dissenting Shares who has perfected a demand for
appraisal rights pursuant to the MBCA shall be entitled to receive
the Per Share Merger Consideration with respect to the Shares owned
by such Person unless and until such Person shall have effectively
withdrawn or lost such Person’s right to appraisal under the
MBCA. Each Dissenting Shareholder shall be entitled to receive only
the payment provided by Part 13 of the MBCA with respect to Shares
owned by such Dissenting Shareholder. The Company shall give Parent
(i) prompt notice of any written demands for appraisal,
attempted withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments
served pursuant to applicable Law that are received by the Company
relating to shareholders’ rights of appraisal and
(ii) the opportunity to direct all negotiations and
proceedings with respect to demand for appraisal under the MBCA.
The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of
Parent or pursuant to a valid court order, voluntarily make any
payment with respect to any demands for appraisal, offer to settle
or settle any such demands or approve any withdrawal of any such
demands.
(g) Withholding Rights . Each
of Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct
and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to
this Agreement to any holder of Shares such amounts as it is
required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such
payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any
other applicable state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent
that amounts are so withheld by the Surviving Corporation or
Parent, as the case may be, such withheld amounts (i) shall be
remitted by Parent or the Surviving Corporation, as applicable, to
the applicable Governmental Entity, and (ii) shall be treated
for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the
holder of Shares in respect of which such deduction and withholding
was made by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may
be.
5.3. Treatment of Stock
Plans.
(a) Company Action . At or
prior to the Effective Time, the Company, the Company Board and the
compensation committee of the Company Board, as applicable, shall
adopt any resolutions and take any actions which are
necessary:
(i) to cause any unexercisable
options to purchase Shares (“ Company Stock
Options ”) granted under any stock option plans or
other equity-related plans of the Company (the “ Stock
Plans ”) to be accelerated and become exercisable in
full effective immediately prior to the Effective Time;
11
(ii) to effectuate the termination
upon the Effective Time of all Company Stock Options outstanding at
such time (without regard to the exercise price of such Company
Stock Options); and
(iii) to cause, pursuant to the
Stock Plans, each outstanding Company Stock Option to represent
upon the Effective Time solely the right to receive, in accordance
with this Section 5.3, a lump sum cash payment in the amount
of the Option Consideration (as defined below), if any, with
respect to such Company Stock Option and to no longer represent the
right to purchase Company Common Stock or any other equity security
of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation or
any other person or any other consideration.
(b) Option Consideration .
Each holder of a Company Stock Option shall receive from Parent or
the Surviving Corporation, in respect and in consideration of each
Company Stock Option so cancelled, as soon as reasonably
practicable following the Effective Time (but in any event not
later than 10 (ten) business days following the Effective Time;
provided that the Company provides to Parent at the Closing an
accurate and updated list of the Company Stock Options outstanding
as of the Closing), an amount equal to the product of (i) the
excess, if any, of (A) the Per Share Merger Consideration over
(B) the exercise price per Share subject to such Company Stock
Option, multiplied by (ii) the total number of Shares subject
to such Company Stock Option (whether or not then vested or
exercisable), without any interest thereon (the “
Option Consideration ”), which cash payment
shall be treated as compensation and shall be net of any applicable
federal or state withholding tax. In the event that the exercise
price of any Company Stock Option is equal to or greater than the
Per Share Merger Consideration, the Option Consideration for such
Company Stock Option shall be zero and such Company Stock Option
shall be cancelled and have no further force or effect.
(c) Instructions . As soon as
practicable following the execution of this Agreement, the Company
shall mail to each person who is a holder of Company Stock Options
a letter describing the treatment of and payment for such Company
Stock Options pursuant to this Section 5.3 and providing
instructions for use in obtaining payment for such Company Stock
Options. Parent shall at all times from and after the Effective
Time maintain sufficient funds to satisfy its obligations to
holders of Company Stock Options pursuant to this
Section 5.3.
(d) Restricted Stock . At the
Effective Time, each share of Company Common Stock that is subject
to vesting and restrictions on transfer (“ Company
Restricted Stock ”) and that is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall become at the
Effective Time fully vested and free of restrictions on transfer
and the holder thereof shall be entitled to receive the Per Share
Merger Consideration subject to the terms and conditions of
Article V hereof.
(e) Company Awards . Except
as set forth on Section 5.3(e) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, at the Effective Time, each right of any kind, contingent
or accrued, to acquire or receive Shares or benefits measured by
the value of Shares, and each award of any kind consisting of
Shares that may be held, awarded, outstanding, payable or reserved
for issuance under the Stock Plans and any other Benefit Plans,
other than Company Options (the “ Company
Awards ”), shall be cancelled and no longer represent
the right to acquire any Shares or other equity security of the
Company, Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation or any other
person or any other consideration.
(f) Registration . If
registration of any interests in the Stock Plans or other Benefit
Plans is required under the Securities Act, Parent shall file with
the SEC on the Effective Time a registration statement on Form S 8
with respect to such interests, and shall use its reasonable best
efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration
statement for so long as the relevant Stock Plans or other Benefit
Plans, as applicable, remain in effect and such registration of
interests therein continues to be required. As soon as practicable
after the registration of such interests, as applicable, Parent
shall deliver to the holders of Company Options and Company Awards
appropriate notices setting forth such holders’ rights
pursuant to the respective Stock Plans and agreements evidencing
the grants of such Company Options and Company Awards, and stating
that such Company Options and Company Awards and agreements have
been assumed by Parent and shall continue in effect on the same
terms and conditions (subject to the adjustments required by this
Section 5.3 after giving effect to the Merger and the terms of
the Stock Plans).
12
(g) Adjustments to Prevent
Dilution . In the event that the Company changes the number of
Shares or securities convertible or exchangeable into or
exercisable for Shares issued and outstanding prior to the
Effective Time as a result of a reclassification, stock split
(including a reverse stock split), stock dividend or distribution,
recapitalization, merger, issuer tender or exchange offer, or other
similar transaction, the Per Share Merger Consideration shall be
equitably adjusted.
(h) Employee Stock Purchase
Plan . The Company shall amend the Company’s Amended and
Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “
ESPP ”) to suspend any payroll deductions and
the purchase of additional Shares immediately after the next
regularly scheduled date on which Shares are purchased under the
Company’s ESPP. The Company shall terminate the ESPP
immediately prior to the Effective Time.
ARTICLE—VI
Representations and
Warranties
6.1. Representations and
Warranties of the Company.
The Company represents and warrants
to Parent that the statements contained in this Section 6.1
are true and correct, except as set forth in the Company Reports
(as defined in Section 6.1.5(a)) filed with the SEC on or
prior to the date hereof (excluding, in each case, any disclosures
set forth in any risk factor section and in any section relating to
forward-looking statements to the extent they are cautionary,
predictive or forward-looking in nature), or in the corresponding
sections or subsections of the disclosure schedule (or any other
section or subsection of the disclosure schedule, so long as its
relevance to such other section or subsection is readily apparent
on the face of the information so disclosed) delivered by the
Company to Parent, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit
I (the “ Company Disclosure Schedule
”).
6.1.1 Organization, Good Standing
and Qualification . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is
a legal entity duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of
organization and has all requisite corporate or similar power and
authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and
to carry on its business as presently conducted and is qualified to
do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in
each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its
assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such
qualification, except where the failure to be so organized,
qualified or in good standing, or to have such power or authority,
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available
to Parent complete and correct copies of the Company’s and
its Subsidiaries’ articles of organization and by laws or
comparable governing documents, each as amended to the date hereof,
and each as so delivered is in full force and effect.
Section 6.1.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a
correct and complete list of each jurisdiction where the Company
and its Subsidiaries are organized and qualified to do
business.
6.1.2 Capital Structure
.
(a) The authorized capital stock of
the Company consists of 135,000,000 Shares, of which 36,729,865
Shares were outstanding as of the May 21, 2007, and 1,000,000
shares of preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share (the “
Preferred Stock ”), of which no shares were
outstanding as of the closing of business on the date hereof.
Between May 21, 2007 and the execution of this Agreement, no
Shares have been issued except pursuant to the exercise of Company
Stock Options in accordance with the terms thereof. All of the
outstanding Shares have been duly authorized and are validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Other than 5,766,126 Shares
(reduced by any Shares issued pursuant to exercise of Company Stock
Options in accordance with the terms thereof since May 21,
2007) reserved for issuance under the Company’s ESPP, the
Company’s 1998 Long-Term Growth Incentive Plan (the “
1998 Plan ”), the Company’s 1998
Non-Employee Director Stock Ownership Plan (the “
1998-D Plan ”) and the Company’s 2001
Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “ 2001
Plan ”), the Company has no Shares reserved for
issuance. As of May 21, 2007, the Company had 5,766,126 Shares
reserved for
13
issuance under the ESPP, the 1998
Plan, the 1998-D Plan and the 2001 Plan. Section 6.1.2 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule contains a correct and complete list of
options, performance share awards subject to vesting and restricted
stock under the Stock Plans, including the holder, date of grant,
term, number of Shares and, where applicable, exercise price and
vesting schedule, including whether the vesting will be accelerated
by the execution of this Agreement or consummation of the Merger or
by termination of employment or change of position following
consummation of the Merger. Each of the outstanding shares of
capital stock or other securities of each of the Company’s
Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and owned by the Company or by a direct or indirect
wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of any Lien
except, where applicable, for director qualifying shares as
required by applicable law in any foreign jurisdiction. Except as
set forth above and except for the rights (the “
Rights ”) that have been issued pursuant to the
Shareholder Rights Agreement, dated as of March 13, 2007,
between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as
rights agent (the “ Rights Agreement ”),
there are no preemptive or other outstanding rights, options,
warrants, conversion rights, stock appreciation rights, redemption
rights, repurchase rights, agreements, arrangements, calls,
commitments or rights of any kind that obligate the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries to issue or sell any shares of capital stock or
other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any
securities or obligations convertible or exchangeable into or
exercisable for, or giving any Person a right to subscribe for or
acquire, any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
and no securities or obligations evidencing such rights are
authorized, issued or outstanding. Upon any issuance of any Shares
in accordance with the terms of the Stock Plans, such Shares will
be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
and free and clear of any Liens. The Company does not have
outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations the
holders of which have the right to vote (or convertible into or
exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the
Shareholders of the Company on any matter.
(b) Section 6.1.2(b) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth (i) each of the
Company’s Subsidiaries and the ownership interest of the
Company in each such Subsidiary, as well as the ownership interest
of any other Person or Persons in each such Subsidiary and
(ii) the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ capital
stock, equity interest or other direct or indirect ownership
interest in any other Person other than securities in a publicly
traded company held for investment by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries and consisting of less than 1% of the outstanding
capital stock of such company. The Company does not own, directly
or indirectly, any voting interest in any Person that requires an
additional filing by Parent under the HSR Act.
(c) Each Company Option (i) was
granted in compliance with all applicable Laws and all of the terms
and conditions of the Company Stock Plan pursuant to which it was
issued, (ii) that is currently outstanding and vested has an
exercise price per share of Common Stock equal to or greater than
the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date of
such grant, (iii) that is currently outstanding and vested has
a grant date identical to the date on which the Company Board or
compensation committee actually awarded such Company Option, and
(iv) qualifies for the tax and accounting treatment afforded
to such Company Option in the Company’s Tax Returns and the
Company Reports, respectively; except, in the case of clause (i),
(ii) or (iii) above, for any failure to have such terms
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.1.3 Corporate Authority;
Approval and Fairness .
(a) The Company has all requisite
corporate power and authority and has taken all corporate action
necessary in order to execute, deliver and perform its obligations
under this Agreement and to consummate the Merger, subject only to
approval of this Agreement by the holders of two-thirds of the
outstanding Shares entitled to vote on such matter at a
shareholders’ meeting duly called and held for such purpose
(the “ Company Requisite Vote ”). This
Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and
constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
14
(b) The Company Board has adopted
resolutions (i) approving, adopting and declaring advisable
this Agreement and the Transactions and determining that the Merger
and the other Transactions are fair to and in the best interests of
the Company and the Shareholders in accordance with the provisions
of the MBCA (collectively, the “ Board Approval
”) and (ii) recommending that the Shareholders adopt and
approve this Agreement (the “ Company
Recommendation ”). The Company Board has taken all
action necessary to cause the Company not to be subject to any
state takeover Law or similar Law that might otherwise apply to the
Transactions.
(c) The Company Board has received
the written opinion of its financial advisor, Goldman
Sachs & Co., to the effect that the Per Share Merger
Consideration to be received by the holders of the shares of Common
Stock is fair from a financial point of view to such holders. It is
agreed and understood that such opinion is for the benefit of the
Company Board and may not be relied on by Parent or Merger
Sub.
6.1.4 Governmental Filings; No
Violations; Certain Contracts .
(a) Other than the filings and/or
notices pursuant to Section 2.3 and under the HSR Act (the
“ Company Approvals ”), no notices,
reports or other filings are required to be made by the Company
with, nor are any consents, registrations, approvals, permits or
authorizations required to be obtained by the Company from, any
domestic or foreign governmental or regulatory authority, agency,
commission, body, court or other legislative, executive or judicial
governmental entity (each a “ Governmental
Entity ”), in connection with the execution, delivery
and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the
consummation of the Merger and the other Transactions, or in
connection with the continuing operation of the business of the
Company and its Subsidiaries following the Effective Time, except
those that the failure to make or obtain would not, individually or
in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect or prevent or materially delay the consummation of the
Transactions.
(b) The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the
consummation of the Transactions will not, (i) constitute or
result in a breach or violation of, or a default under, the
articles of organization, by laws or the comparable governing
instruments of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries,
(ii) constitute or result in, with or without notice, lapse of
time or both, a breach or violation of, a termination (or right of
termination) or a default under, the creation or acceleration of
any obligations or the creation of a Lien on any of the assets of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to any Contract
binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, assuming
(solely with respect to performance of this Agreement and
consummation of the Merger and the other Transactions) compliance
with the matters referred to in Section 6.1.4(a), under any
Law to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject or
(iii) constitute or result in any change (adverse to the
interests of the Company) in the rights or obligations of any party
under any Contract binding on the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clause (ii) or
(iii) above, for any such breach, violation, termination,
default, creation, acceleration or change that, individually or in
the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect or prevent or materially delay the consummation to
the Transactions. Section 6.1.4(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a correct and complete list of Material
Contracts (as defined in Section 6.1.11(a)) pursuant to which
consents or waivers are required prior to consummation of the
Transactions (whether or not subject to the exception set forth
with respect to clauses (ii) and (iii) above).
(c) Neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any non-competition
Contracts or any other Contract that purports to limit either the
type of business in which the Company or its Subsidiaries (or,
after giving effect to the Merger, Parent or its Subsidiaries) may
engage or the manner or locations in which any of the Company or
its Subsidiaries (or, after giving effect to the Merger, Parent or
its Subsidiaries) may engage in any business, except for any limits
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, or prevent or
materially delay the consummation to the Transactions.
15
(d) The Company and its Subsidiaries
are not creditors or claimants with respect to any debtors or
debtor-in-possession subject to proceedings under chapter 11 of
title 11 of the United States Code with respect to claims that, in
the aggregate, constitute more than 25% of the gross assets of the
Company and its Subsidiaries (excluding cash and cash
equivalents).
6.1.5 Company Reports; Financial
Statements; Sarbanes-Oxley Act .
(a) The Company has filed or
furnished, as applicable, on a timely basis all forms, statements,
certifications, reports and documents required to be filed or
furnished by it with the SEC under the Exchange Act or the
Securities Act since the Applicable Date (the forms, statements,
reports and documents filed or furnished since the Applicable Date
and those filed or furnished subsequent to the date hereof,
including any amendments thereto, the “ Company
Reports ”), except where the failure to so file or
furnish would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company
Reports, at the time of its filing or being furnished complied or,
if not yet filed or furnished, will comply in all material respects
with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the
Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company
Reports. As of their respective dates (or, if amended prior to the
date hereof, as of the date of such amendment), the Company Reports
did not, and any Company Reports filed or furnished with the SEC
subsequent to the date hereof will not, contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
made therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were
made, not misleading.
(b) The Company is in compliance in
all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate
governance rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange
(the “ NYSE ”).
(c) Each of the consolidated balance
sheets included in or incorporated by reference into the Company
Reports (including the related notes and schedules) fairly
presents, in all material respects, or, in the case of Company
Reports filed after the date hereof, will fairly present, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of the
Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of its date and each
of the consolidated statements of income, changes in
shareholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows included in or
incorporated by reference into the Company Reports (including any
related notes and schedules) fairly presents, or in the case of
Company Reports filed after the date hereof, will fairly present
the results of operations, retained earnings (loss) and changes in
financial position, as the case may be, of such companies for the
periods set forth therein (subject, in the case of unaudited
statements, to notes and normal year-end audit adjustments that
will not be material in amount or effect), in each case in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
(“ GAAP ”) consistently applied during
the periods involved, except as may be noted therein.
(d) The Company has designed and
maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act)
sufficient to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting, and, to the Company’s
Knowledge, such system is effective in providing such assurance.
The Company (i) has designed and maintains disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act) to ensure that material information required to be
disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules
and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the
Company’s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure and, to the Company’s
Knowledge, such controls and procedures are effective in ensuring
such disclosures and communications, and (ii) has disclosed,
based on the most recent evaluation of its chief executive officer
and its chief financial officer prior to the date hereof, to the
Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company
Board (and made summaries of such disclosures available to Parent)
(A) (i) any significant deficiencies in the design or
operation of internal control over financial reporting that would
adversely affect in any material respect the Company’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information and (ii) any material weakness in internal control
over
16
financial reporting, and
(B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. The
Company is in compliance in all material respects with all
effective provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company has
made available to Parent any written reports and other material
correspondence since the Applicable Date provided by the
Company’s external auditors to the audit committee required
or contemplated by listing standards of the NYSE, the audit
committee’s charter or professional standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board. Since the Applicable Date, to
the Company’s Knowledge, no material complaints from any
source regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters have
been received by the Company. The Company has made available to
Parent a summary of all complaints or concerns made since the
Applicable Date through the Company’s whistleblower hot-line
or equivalent system for receipt of employee concerns regarding
possible violations of Law, which relate to financial reporting,
internal controls and related matters.
(e) Each of the principal executive
officer of the Company and the principal financial officer of the
Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company
and each former principal financial officer of the Company, as
applicable) has made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or
15d-14 under the Exchange Act or Sections 302 and 906 of the
Sarbanes Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC
promulgated thereunder with respect to the Company Reports, and the
statements contained in such certifications are true and correct.
For purposes of this Section 6.1.5(e), “principal
executive officer” and “principal financial
officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary
has outstanding, or has arranged any outstanding, “extensions
of credit” to directors or executive officers within the
meaning of Section 402 of the Sarbanes Oxley-Act.
(f) Neither the Company nor any of
the Company Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any
director, officer, or internal or external auditor of the Company
or any of the Company Subsidiaries has received or otherwise had or
obtained actual knowledge of any substantive and material
complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or oral,
that the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries has engaged in
questionable accounting or auditing practices. No current or former
attorney representing the Company or any of the Company
Subsidiaries has reported evidence of a material violation of
securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by
the Company or any of its officers, directors, employees or agents
to the current Company Board or any committee thereof or to any
current director or executive officer of the Company.
(g) To the Company’s
Knowledge, no employee of the Company or any of the Company’s
Subsidiaries has provided information to any law enforcement agency
regarding the commission or possible commission of any crime or the
violation or possible violation of any applicable Laws described in
Section 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act by the Company or any of
the Company Subsidiaries.
6.1.6 Information Supplied .
None of the information supplied or to be supplied by the Company
for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement
will, at the date it is first mailed to the Company’s
shareholders or at the time of the Company Shareholders Meeting,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they are made, not misleading. The Proxy Statement will
comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of
the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, except that no representation or warranty is made by
the Company with respect to statements made or incorporated by
reference therein based on information derived from Parent’s
public SEC filings or supplied by Parent or Merger Sub for
inclusion or incorporation by reference therein.
6.1.7 Absence of Certain
Changes . Since December 1, 2006, the Company and its
Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in the
ordinary and usual course of such businesses and there has not
been:
(a) any change in the financial
condition, properties, assets, liabilities, business or results of
their operations or any circumstance, occurrence or development
(including any adverse change with respect
17
to any circumstance, occurrence or
development on or prior to December 1, 2006) of which
management of the Company has Knowledge which, individually or in
the aggregate, has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a
Material Adverse Effect;
(b) other than regular quarterly
dividends on Shares of $.07 per Share, any declaration, setting
aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution with respect
to any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries (except for dividends or other distributions by any
direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary to the Company or to any
wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company), or any repurchase,
redemption or other acquisition by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of any outstanding shares of capital stock or other
securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(c) any material change in any
method of accounting or accounting practice by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries;
(d) (i) any increase in the
compensation payable or to become payable to its officers or
employees (except for increases in the ordinary course of business
and consistent with past practice) or (ii) any establishment,
adoption, entry into or amendment of any collective bargaining,
bonus, profit sharing, thrift, compensation, employment,
termination, severance or other plan, agreement, trust, fund,
policy or arrangement for the benefit of any director, officer or
employee, except to the extent required by applicable Laws,
including Section 409A of the Code; or
(e) any agreement to do any of the
foregoing.
6.1.8 Litigation and
Liabilities . Except as disclosed in the Company Reports filed
prior to the date of this Agreement, there is no civil, criminal or
administrative action, suit, proceeding, claim, arbitration,
hearing or investigation pending or, to the Company’s
Knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, is reasonably
likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. There are no material
judgments, orders or decrees outstanding against the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries. Except as reflected or reserved against in the
Company’s consolidated balance sheets (and the notes
thereto), included in the Company Reports filed prior to the date
hereof and for obligations or liabilities incurred in the ordinary
course of business since December 1, 2006, there are no
obligations or liabilities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, whether or not accrued, contingent or otherwise,
except for those that, individually or in the aggregate, have not
had, or are not reasonably likely to have, a Material Adverse
Effect or prevent, materially delay or materially impair the
consummation of the Transactions.
6.1.9 Employee Benefits
.
(a) All benefit and compensation
plans, contracts, policies or arrangements covering current or
former employees of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “
Employees ”) and current or former directors of
the Company, including, but not limited to, “employee benefit
plans” within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
(“ ERISA ”), and deferred compensation,
severance, stock option, stock purchase, stock appreciation rights,
stock based, incentive and bonus plans (the “ Benefit
Plans ”), other than Benefit Plans maintained outside
of the United States primarily for the benefit of Employees working
outside of the United States (such plans hereinafter being referred
to as “ Non-U.S. Benefit Plans ”), are
listed on Section 6.1.9(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
and each Benefit Plan which has received a favorable opinion letter
from the Internal Revenue Service National Office, including any
master or prototype plan, has been separately identified. True and
complete copies of all Benefit Plans listed on
Section 6.1.9(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
including, but not limited to, any trust instruments, insurance
contracts and, with respect to any employee stock ownership plan,
loan agreements forming a part of any Benefit Plans, and all
amendments thereto have been provided or made available to
Parent.
(b) All Benefit Plans, other than
“multiemployer plans” within the meaning of
Section 3(37) of ERISA (each, a “ Multiemployer
Plan ”) and Non-U.S. Benefit Plans (collectively,
“ U.S. Benefit Plans ”), are in
compliance with ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the “ Code ”) and other
applicable Laws in all material respects. Each U.S. Benefit Plan
which is subject to ERISA
18
(an “ ERISA Plan
”) that is an “employee pension benefit plan”
within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (a “
Pension Plan ”) intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code, has received a favorable
determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service (the “
IRS ”), and the Company is not aware of any
circumstances that would reasonably be expected to result in the
loss of the qualification of such Plan under Section 401(a) of
the Code. Any voluntary employees’ beneficiary association
within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9) of the Code which
provides benefits under a U.S. Benefit Plan has (i) received
an opinion letter from the IRS recognizing its exempt status under
Section 501(c)(9) of the Code and (ii) filed a timely
notice with the IRS pursuant to Section 505(c) of the Code,
and the Company is not aware of circumstances that would reasonably
be expected to result in the loss of such exempt status under
Section 501(c)(9) of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction with respect to any
ERISA Plan that, assuming the taxable period of such transaction
expired as of the date hereof, would subject the Company or any
Subsidiary to a material tax or penalty imposed by either
Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of
E