Agreement and Plan of
Merger
Presidio
Acquisition Corp.,
Charles
R. Work, as Representative
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Page (s)
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ARTICLE 1 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
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2
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10
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10
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2.2 Conversion and Exchange of Capital Stock and
Company Options
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10
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12
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12
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12
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2.6 Total Merger Consideration
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13
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2.7 Net Working Capital Adjustment
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13
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2.8 Effects of the Merger
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14
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15
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15
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2.11 Rights Not Transferable
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15
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ARTICLE 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
COMPANY
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15
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3.1 Organization and Good Standing
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16
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16
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3.3 Power, Authorization and Validity
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16
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17
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19
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19
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20
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21
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3.9 Title to Assets and Properties; Condition of
Equipment and Property
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23
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3.10 Absence of Certain Changes
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24
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25
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3.12 No Default; No Restrictions
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28
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3.13 Intellectual Property.
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28
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33
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3.15 Compliance with Laws
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34
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-i-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page (s)
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3.16 Certain Transactions and
Agreements
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34
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3.17 Employee Benefit Plans and Employee
Matters
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34
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39
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3.19 Environmental Matters
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39
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3.20 Customers and Suppliers
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40
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41
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41
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41
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42
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42
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42
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42
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42
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ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
ACQUIRER AND SUB
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42
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4.1 Organization and Good Standing
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43
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4.2 Power, Authorization and Validity
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43
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43
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44
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44
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4.6 No Prior Sub Operations
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44
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44
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44
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ARTICLE 5 COVENANTS OF COMPANY
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44
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44
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5.2 Maintenance of Business
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44
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45
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5.4 Stockholder Approval and Board
Recommendation
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47
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47
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-ii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page (s)
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49
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49
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49
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5.9 Access to Information
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49
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5.10 Satisfaction of Conditions
Precedent
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50
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50
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5.12 Termination of Employee Plans
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50
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5.13 Company Options and Related
Matters
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51
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5.14 Company Certificates
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51
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5.15 Parachute Payment Waivers
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52
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5.16 Section 280G Stockholder
Approval
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52
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52
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5.18 Pay-Off Letter; Termination of Financing
Statements
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53
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53
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53
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ARTICLE 6 COVENANTS OF ACQUIRER
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54
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6.1 Covenants of Acquirer
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54
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ARTICLE 7 CLOSING MATTERS
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55
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55
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7.2 Conversion of Company Capital Stock and
Company Vested Options; Exchange of Certificates
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55
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7.3 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed
Certificates
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56
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ARTICLE 8 CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF
COMPANY
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57
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8.1 Company Stockholder Approval
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57
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8.2 Accuracy of Representations and
Warranties
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57
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57
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8.4 Compliance with Law; No Legal
Restraints
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57
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57
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57
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-iii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page (s)
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57
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ARTICLE 9 CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF ACQUIRER
AND SUB
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58
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9.1 Company Stockholder Approval
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58
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9.2 Accuracy of Representations and
Warranties
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58
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58
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9.4 Absence of Material Adverse
Change
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58
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9.5 Compliance with Law; No Legal
Restraints
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58
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58
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59
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59
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9.9 Good Standing Certificates
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59
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9.10 No Outstanding Securities
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59
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9.11 FIRPTA Documentation
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59
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9.12 Opinion of Company’s
Counsel
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59
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59
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9.14 Secretary’s Certificate
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59
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9.15 Directors and Officers
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59
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9.16 Certain Closing Certificates and
Documents
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60
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60
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60
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9.19 Amendment to Company 401(k)
Plans
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60
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9.20 Termination of Company Stockholder
Agreements
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60
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60
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9.22 Section 280G Stockholder
Approval
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61
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9.23 Pay-Off Letter; Termination of Financing
Statements
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61
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9.24 Stockholder Agreements
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61
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61
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9.26 Confirmatory Assignment
Agreements
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61
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61
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-iv-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
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Page (s)
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ARTICLE 10 TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT
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61
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61
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10.2 Effect of Termination
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62
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ARTICLE 11 SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS,
INDEMNIFICATION AND REMEDIES
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62
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11.1 Survival of Representations
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62
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63
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11.3 Agreement to Indemnify
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63
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63
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11.5 Appointment of Representative
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65
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66
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11.7 Resolution of Notice of Claim
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67
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11.8 Defense of Third-Party Claims
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68
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11.9 Staged Release of Escrow Fund
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69
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ARTICLE 12 GENERAL PROVISIONS
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69
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12.1 Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction;
Judicial Reference
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69
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12.2 Assignment; Binding Upon Successors and
Assigns
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70
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70
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70
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71
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12.6 Amendment and Waivers
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71
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71
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71
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71
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73
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12.11 Interpretation; Rules of
Construction
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73
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73
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12.13 Absence of Third-Party Beneficiary
Rights
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73
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73
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-v-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
-vi-
Agreement and Plan of
Merger
This Agreement and Plan of Merger
(this “ Agreement ”) is entered into as
of July 23, 2008 (the “ Agreement Date
”) by and among Interwoven, Inc., a Delaware corporation (
“ Acquirer ”), Presidio Acquisition
Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of
Acquirer ( “ Sub ”), Discovery Mining,
Inc., a Delaware corporation ( “ Company
”), and Charles R. Work, as representative of the Company
Securityholders (the “ Representative
”).
A. The
parties intend that, subject to the terms and conditions
hereinafter set forth, Sub will merge with and into Company (the
“ Merger ”), with Company to be the
surviving corporation of the Merger, all pursuant to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger (as defined
in Article 1 ) and the applicable provisions of the
laws of the State of Delaware.
B. Company,
Sub and Acquirer desire to make certain representations,
warranties, covenants and other agreements in connection with the
Merger as set forth herein.
C. Concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a
condition and inducement for the parties’ willingness to
enter into this Agreement, each of the employees of Company listed
on Schedule 9.17-1 attached hereto (each, a “
Key Employee ”) is executing and delivering to
Acquirer an offer letter for employment with Acquirer together with
Acquirer’s standard employee invention assignment and
confidentiality agreement, in each case to become effective upon
the Closing (as defined in Section 7.1 ).
D. Concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a
condition and inducement for the parties’ willingness to
enter into this Agreement, each of the employees of Company listed
on Schedule 9.17-3 attached hereto is entering into a
non-competition agreement with Acquirer (each, a “
Non-Competition Agreement ”), in each case to
become effective upon the Closing.
E. Concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a
condition and inducement for the parties’ willingness to
enter into this Agreement, certain employees of Company identified
on Schedule 9.17-4 hereto who might otherwise have the
right or entitlement to receive (i) accelerated vesting of, or
accelerated right to exercise, any Company Options (as defined in
Article 1 ) in connection with the Merger and/or the
termination of employment or service with Company or Acquirer
following the Merger and/or (ii) any severance payments or
other benefits or payments in connection with the Merger and/or the
termination of employment or service with Company or Acquirer
following the Merger, are entering into benefits waivers (each, a
“ Benefits Waiver ”), pursuant to which
each such employee has agreed to waive elements of such accelerated
vesting, accelerated right to exercise, payments and benefits as
set forth therein.
F. Concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a
condition and inducement for the parties’ willingness to
enter into this Agreement, certain employee securityholders of
Company identified on Schedule 9.17-5 hereto are
entering into equity agreements with Company with respect to the
revesting of certain Company Options held by such employee
securityholders (each, an “ Equity Agreement
”), in each case to become effective upon the
Closing.
G. Concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and as a material
inducement to the willingness of Acquirer to enter into this
Agreement, Company is delivering to Acquirer a stockholder
agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A-3 (the “ Stockholder
Agreement ”) executed by each Company stockholder
listed on Exhibit A-1 . Immediately
following the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, Company will, in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, use commercially
reasonable efforts to secure from each Company stockholder listed
on Exhibit A-1 a written consent substantially in the
form attached hereto as Exhibit A-2 (the “
Company Stockholder Consent ”) approving the
Merger and adopting this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE,
the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
Certain
Definitions
As used herein,
the following terms will have the meanings set forth
below:
“
Acquirer Ancillary Agreements ” means all
agreements (other than this Agreement) and documents to which
Acquirer is or will be a party that are required to be executed
pursuant to this Agreement.
“
Acquirer Common Stock ” means the common stock,
par value $0.001 per share, of Acquirer, together with related
stock purchase rights.
“
Acquirer Options ” means options to purchase
shares of Acquirer Common Stock.
“
Acquirer SEC Reports ” has the meaning given in
Section 4.8.
“
Acquisition Proposal ” means any agreement, offer,
proposal or bona fide indication of interest by a Person (other
than Acquirer or any of its Subsidiaries) or any public
announcement of intention to enter into any such agreement or of
(or intention to make) any offer, proposal or bona fide indication
of interest relating to or involving: (a) any acquisition or
purchase of Company Capital Stock or Company Rights from Company or
from the Company Securityholders by any Person or
“group” (as defined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder) representing 10% or
more of the voting interest in the total outstanding voting
securities of Company; (b) any tender offer or exchange offer
that, if consummated, would result in any Person or
“group” (as defined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder) beneficially owning
Company Capital Stock or Company Rights representing 10% or more of
the voting interest in the total outstanding voting securities of
Company; (c) any merger, consolidation, business combination
or similar transaction involving Company; (d) any sale, lease,
mortgage, pledge, exchange, transfer, license, acquisition or
disposition of 10% or more of the assets of Company in any single
transaction or series of related transactions; (e) any sale,
lease, exchange, transfer, license or disposition to a Person of
all or a significant portion of the Company Business; (f) any
initial public offering of capital stock or other securities of
Company pursuant to a registration statement filed under the
Securities Act; or (g) any liquidation, dissolution,
recapitalization or other significant corporate reorganization of
Company or any extraordinary dividend (whether of cash or other
property).
“
Affiliate ” means an “affiliate” as
such term is defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the
Securities Act.
“
Aggregate Exercise Price ” means the sum of
(a) the aggregate exercise price of all Company Vested Options
that will be cashed out, as set forth in Exhibit B-1 ,
in connection with the Merger pursuant to
Section 2.2(b)(iii) and (b) the aggregate exercise
price of all Company Options held by Leslie Brennan as of
immediately prior to the Closing, as set forth in Exhibit
B-2 .
2
“
Applicable Laws ” means all foreign, federal,
state, local, municipal or other laws, statutes, constitutions,
principles of common law, resolutions, ordinances, codes, edicts,
decrees, regulations, rules and other provisions having the force
or effect of law, and all judicial and administrative orders,
writs, injunctions, awards, judgments, decrees and determinations,
applicable to a specified Person or to such Person’s assets,
properties or business.
“
Assumed Options ” has the meaning given in
Section 2.2(c).
“
Average Price Per Share ” means the average
closing price of Acquirer Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market
(or such other exchange or quotation system on which shares of
Acquirer Common Stock are then traded or quoted) and reported at
www.nasdaq.com for the ten (10) consecutive trading days
ending on (and inclusive of) the Agreement Date.
“
business day ” means a day (a) other than
Saturday or Sunday and (b) on which commercial banks are
permitted by Applicable Laws to be open for business in San
Francisco, California.
“
Closing Expenses Certificate ” means a certificate
executed by the Chief Financial Officer of Company dated as of the
Closing Date, certifying the amount of Transaction Expenses
(including an itemized list of each Transaction Expense with a
description of the nature of such expense and the Person to whom
such expense was or is owed). The Closing Expenses Certificate
shall include a representation of Company, certified by the Chief
Financial Officer of Company, that such certificate includes all of
the Transaction Expenses paid or payable at any time prior to, at
or following the Closing Date, it being the expressed intent of
Company and Acquirer that to the maximum extent possible all the
Transaction Expenses be deducted in the calculation of the Total
Merger Consideration and that there be no Indemnifiable Transaction
Expenses; provided , however , that any Transaction
Expenses paid on or prior to the Closing Date shall not be included
as an Indemnifiable Transaction Expense, provided that such amounts
are appropriately reflected in the NWC Calculations.
“
Common Cash Amount Per Share ” means (a) the
Total Common Consideration divided by (b) the Fully Diluted
Company Stock.
“
Certificate of Merger ” means a certificate of
merger in substantially the form of Exhibit C .
“
Closing ” has the meaning given in
Section 7.1 .
“
Closing Date ” has the meaning given in
Section 7.1 .
“
Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended.
“
Company Ancillary Agreements ” means all
agreements (other than this Agreement) and documents to which
Company is or will be a party that are required to be executed
pursuant to this Agreement.
“
Company Board ” means the Board of Directors of
the Company.
“
Company Business ” means the business of Company
and its Subsidiaries as presently being conducted and as presently
proposed to be conducted.
“
Company Capital Stock ” means the capital stock of
Company.
“
Company Common Stock ” means the Common Stock, par
value of $0.001 per share, of Company.
3
“
Company Disclosure Letter ” has the meaning given
in the lead-in paragraph to Article 3 .
“
Company IP Rights ” means (a) any and all
Intellectual Property used in the conduct of the Company Business
and (b) any and all other Intellectual Property owned by
Company and its Subsidiaries.
“
Company Option Plan ” means the Discovery Mining,
Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan.
“
Company Optionholders ” means the holders of
Company Options.
“
Company Options ” means options to purchase shares
of Company Common Stock, whether or not under the Company Option
Plan, but does not include the Company Preferred Stock.
“
Company-Owned IP Rights ” means (a) Company
IP Rights that are owned or are purportedly owned by or exclusively
licensed by Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) Company
IP Rights that were developed for Company or a Subsidiary by full
or part time employees or consultants of Company or its
Subsidiaries.
“
Company Preferred Stock ” means the Preferred
Stock, par value of $0.001 per share, of Company.
“
Company Products ” means all products or services
produced, marketed, licensed, sold, distributed or performed by or
on behalf of Company or any of its Subsidiaries and all products or
services currently under development by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
“
Company Registered Intellectual Property ” means
all United States, international and foreign: (i) patents and
patent applications (including provisional applications);
(ii) registered trademarks and service marks, applications to
register trademarks and service marks, intent-to-use applications,
or other registrations or applications related to trademarks and
service marks, (iii) registered Internet domain names,
(iv) registered copyrights and applications for copyright
registration; and (iv) Intellectual Property that are subject
to an application, certificate, filing, registration or other
document issued, filed with or recorded by any Governmental Entity,
in each case, owned by, or registered or filed in the name of,
Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
“
Company Rights ” means all options, warrants,
calls, rights, commitments, conversion privileges or preemptive or
other rights or agreements outstanding to purchase or otherwise
acquire any shares of Company Capital Stock or any securities or
debt convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Company Capital
Stock or obligating Company to grant, extend or enter into any such
option, warrant, call, right, commitment, conversion privilege or
preemptive or other right or agreement.
“
Company Securityholders ” means the Company
Stockholders and Company Optionholders, collectively.
“
Company Series A Stock ” means the
Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of
Company.
“
Company Source Code ” means, collectively, any
software source code or confidential manufacturing specifications
or designs, any material portion or aspect of software source code
or
4
confidential
manufacturing specifications or designs, or any material
proprietary information or algorithm contained in or relating to
any software source code or confidential manufacturing
specifications or designs, of any Company-Owned IP Rights or
Company Products.
“
Company Stockholder Approval ” has the meaning
given in Section 3.22 .
“
Company Stockholder Consent ” has the meaning
given in Section 3.22.
“
Company Stockholders ” means the record holders of
shares of issued and outstanding Company Capital Stock.
“
Company Unvested Option ” means an option to
purchase Company Common Stock that, as of the Effective Time, is
not vested under the terms of any Contract with Company or
otherwise, after giving effect to any waiver of acceleration agreed
to by the holder of such option.
“
Company Vested Options ” means an option to
purchase Company Common Stock that, as of the Effective Time, is
vested under the terms of any Contract with Company or otherwise,
after giving effect to any waiver of acceleration agreed to by the
holder of such option.
“
Company Warrants ” means warrants to purchase
shares of Company Common Stock.
“
Continuing Employees ” means the Offerees (as
defined in Section 5.11 ) who execute the Offeree
Documents (as defined in Section 5.11 ) and remain
employees of the Surviving Company (as defined in
Section 2.1 ) or any of its Subsidiaries or become
employees of Acquirer or any of its Subsidiaries following the
Effective Time.
“
Contract ” means any legally binding contract,
agreement, arrangement, commitment, undertaking, instrument,
permit, mortgage, license, sublicense, letter of intent, quotation,
statement of work, contract order or purchase order (in each case,
whether oral or in writing).
“
Delaware Law ” means the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware.
“
Dissenting Shares ” shall mean any shares of
Company Capital Stock that are issued and outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time and in respect of which appraisal or
dissenters’ rights shall have been perfected in accordance
with Delaware Law in connection with the Merger.
“
Effective Time ” means the date and time on which
the Merger first becomes legally effective under the laws of the
State of Delaware.
“
Effective Time Holders ” means the Company
Stockholders (other than holders of solely shares of Company
Capital Stock which constitute and remain Dissenting Shares) and
holders of Company Vested Options as of immediately prior to the
Effective Time.
“
Employee Agreement ” means any management,
employment, severance, consulting, contractor, relocation,
expatriation or other Contract (including any offer letter,
agreement to employ or other Contract providing for compensation or
benefits) between Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates and any
current or former employee or director of Company or any of its
ERISA Affiliates.
“
Employee Plan ” means (i) any plan, program,
policy, practice or Contract providing for compensation, severance,
termination pay, deferred compensation, performance awards, equity
or equity-related awards, bonus, pension, profit sharing, savings,
retirement, welfare benefits, fringe benefits
5
or other
employee benefits or remuneration of any kind, whether written,
unwritten or otherwise, funded or unfunded, including each
“employee benefit plan” within the meaning of
Section 3(3) of ERISA, which is or has been maintained,
contributed to or required to be contributed to by Company or any
of its ERISA Affiliates (including those provided, if applicable,
through a human resources and benefits outsourcing entity or other
provider) for the benefit of any current or former employee,
director or consultant of Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates or
with respect to which Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates has or
may have any Liability and any loan to an employee in excess of
$10,000 and (ii) any International Plan.
“
Encumbrance ” means, with respect to any asset,
any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, charge, security
interest, title retention device, conditional sale or other
security arrangement, collateral assignment, claim, charge, adverse
claim of title, ownership or right to use, restriction or other
encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset (including any
restriction on (a) the voting of any security or the transfer
of any security or other asset, (b) the receipt of any income
derived from any asset, (c) the use of any asset, and
(d) the possession, exercise or transfer of any other
attribute of ownership of any asset).
“
ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended.
“
ERISA Affiliate ” means any Person under common
control with Company within the meaning of Section 414(b),
(c), (m) or (o) of the Code and the regulations issued
thereunder.
“
Escrow Cash ” means an amount of cash equal to 10%
of the Total Merger Consideration.
“
Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
“
Expense Funds ” has the meaning given in
Section 2.4.
“
Fully Diluted Company Stock ” means the sum,
without duplication, of the aggregate number of shares of Company
Capital Stock that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time or issuable upon the exercise of Company Options
(excluding New Company Options), Company Warrants or other direct
or indirect rights to acquire shares of Company Capital Stock that
are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
(whether or not then vested or exercisable); provided ,
however , that for purposes of calculating the Fully Diluted
Company Stock, the Fully Diluted Company Stock shall exclude the
New Company Options and the shares of Company Common Stock into
which the New Company Options are exercisable.
“
Fully Diluted Company Series A Stock ” means
the sum, without duplication, of the aggregate number of shares of
Company Series A Stock that are issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time or any direct or indirect
rights to acquire shares of Company Series A Stock that are
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
(whether or not then vested or exercisable).
“
GAAP ” means United States generally accepted
accounting principles.
“
Governmental Authority ” means any court,
administrative agency, commission or other governmental agency or
authority.
“
Group ” shall have the definition ascribed to such
term under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, the rules and
regulations thereunder and related case law.
6
“
Indemnifiable Transaction Expenses ” means any
Transaction Expenses which have not been taken into account in the
calculation of the Total Merger Consideration. All Indemnifiable
Transaction Expenses shall constitute “Indemnifiable
Damages” for purposes of Article 11 .
“
Intellectual Property ” means any and all
industrial and intellectual property rights and all rights
associated therewith throughout the world, including all patents
and applications therefor and all reissues, divisions, renewals,
extensions, provisionals, continuations and continuations-in-part
thereof, all inventions (whether patentable or not), invention
disclosures, improvements, trade secrets, proprietary information,
know how, technology, technical data, proprietary processes and
formulae, algorithms, specifications, customer lists and supplier
lists, all industrial designs and any registrations and
applications therefor, all trade names, logos, common law
trademarks and service marks, trademark and service mark
registrations and applications therefor, including the goodwill
symbolized by the foregoing, Internet domain names, Internet and
World Wide Web URLs or addresses, all copyrights, copyright
registrations and applications therefor, and all other rights
corresponding thereto, all mask works, mask work registrations and
applications therefor, and any equivalent or similar rights in
semiconductor masks, layouts, architectures or topology, all
computer software, including all source code, object code,
firmware, development tools, files, records and data, all
schematics, netlists, test methodologies, test vectors, emulation
and simulation tools and reports, hardware development tools, and
all rights in prototypes, breadboards and other devices, all
databases and data collections and all rights therein, all moral
and economic rights of authors and inventors, however denominated,
and any similar or equivalent rights to any of the foregoing, and
all tangible embodiments of the foregoing.
“
International Plan ” means any Employee Plan that
has been adopted or maintained by Company or any of its ERISA
Affiliates, whether informally or formally, for the benefit of
current or former employees, directors or consultants of Company or
any of its ERISA Affiliates outside the United States.
“
Knowledge ” of Company means, with respect to any
fact, circumstance, event or other matter in question, the
knowledge of such fact, circumstance, event or other matter that
would have been ascertained after reasonable inquiry, consistent
with such Person’s title and responsibilities, by any of the
following individuals or Company employees who directly report to
such individuals: Matthew Work, Leslie Brennan, Jennifer Rapp,
Jason Maxham and Andrew Jenks.
“
Liability ” means any debt, liability or
obligation, whether accrued or fixed, absolute or contingent,
matured or unmatured, determined or determinable, known or unknown,
and whether due or to become due, including those arising under any
law, action or governmental order and those arising under any
Contract.
“
Material Adverse Change ” or “
Material Adverse Effect ,” when used with
reference to any Person, means any change, event, circumstance or
effect (each, an “ Effect ”) (regardless
of whether such Effect constitutes a breach of any representations
or warranties made in this Agreement) that, individually or in the
aggregate, is or would be reasonably likely to become materially
adverse to the condition (financial or otherwise), capitalization,
properties, employees, assets (including intangible assets),
Liabilities, business, operations, results of operations of such
Person and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except to the extent
that any such Effect directly results from: (a) Effects in the
economy or financial markets generally in the United States or
Europe; (b) Effects that are the result of acts of war or
terrorism; (c) Effects that are the result of factors
generally affecting the industry in which the Person or its
Subsidiaries operate; (d) changes in GAAP; (e) changes,
events, circumstances or effects resulting from (i) any
actions taken, or actions, plans, or intentions publicly announced
by Acquirer or its affiliates, including any plans for the sale of
a division or operational or employment related changes, or
(ii) any actions taken or publicly announced by Company or its
Subsidiaries at the prior written request or
7
direction of
Acquirer; (f) any failure by the Person to meet internal
projections or forecasts or published revenue or earnings
predictions, in and of itself, provided, that such exclusion shall
not apply to the underlying Effect that may have caused such
failure; and (g) the institution of legal proceedings or
litigation alleging breach of fiduciary duty based upon
Company’s entry into this Agreement; provided ,
however , that, with respect to clauses (a), (b), and (c)
change, event, circumstance or effect does not disproportionately
adversely affect the Person and its Subsidiaries compared to other
companies operating in the industry in which the Person
operates.
“ New
Company Options ” means Company Options granted
pursuant to Section 5.11(b) under the Company Option
Plan, as amended pursuant to Section 5.11(b)
.
“ Net
Working Capital ” means (a) Company’s
consolidated total current assets as of the Closing Date (as
defined by and determined in accordance with GAAP) minus
(b) Company’s consolidated total current liabilities as
of the Closing Date (as defined by and determined in accordance
with GAAP). For purposes of calculating Net Working Capital,
Company’s current assets shall include, among other things,
accounts receivable, and Company’s current liabilities shall
(i) include (A) all Debt of Company whether short- or
long-term and (B) all Taxes for any period or portion of a
period ending prior to or on the Closing Date (including
liabilities for Taxes required to be accrued in accordance with
GAAP) and (ii) exclude Transaction Expenses.
“ Net
Working Capital Certificate ” means a certificate
executed by the Chief Financial Officer of Company, certifying the
amount of Net Working Capital (including (a) an itemized list
of Debt of Company with a description of the nature of such Debt
and the Person to whom such indebtedness is owed, (b) an
itemized list of each element of Company’s consolidated
current assets, and (c) an itemized list of each element of
Company’s consolidated current liabilities).
“
Option Exchange Ratio ” means the quotient
obtained by dividing (a) the Common Cash Amount Per Share by
(b) the Average Price Per Share.
“
Permitted Encumbrance ” means any Encumbrance for
Taxes, assessments and other governmental charges that are not yet
due and payable or that may thereafter be paid without penalty, or
that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings,
or any imperfection of title or other Encumbrance that,
individually or in the aggregate with other such imperfections and
Encumbrances, would not materially affect the use, transfer, sale
or voting of such asset.
“
Person ” means any individual, corporation
(including any not-for-profit corporation), general or limited
partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, estate,
trust, firm, company (including any limited liability company or
joint stock company), association, organization, entity or
Governmental Authority.
“ Pro
Rata Share ” means, with respect to a particular
Effective Time Holder, the amount of cash such Effective Time
Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to
Section 2.2(b) with respect to its Company Capital
Stock and Company Options and relative to the amount of cash all
Effective Time Holders are entitled to receive pursuant to
Section 2.2(b) with respect to their Company Capital
Stock and Company Options.
“
Regulations ” means the Treasury Regulations
issued under the Code.
“
SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
“
Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended.
8
“
Series A Cash Amount Per Share ” means
(a) the Common Cash Amount Per Share plus (b) the
Series A Liquidation Preference Per Share.
“
Series A Liquidation Preference Per Share ”
means $4.3371969.
“ Sub
Ancillary Agreements ” means all agreements (other
than this Agreement) and documents to which Sub is or will be a
party that are required to be executed pursuant to this
Agreement.
“
Subsidiary ” of a specified entity means any
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture
or other entity of which the specified entity (either alone or
through or together with any other subsidiary) owns, directly or
indirectly, 50% or more of the stock or other equity or partnership
interests the holders of which are generally entitled to vote for
the election of the Board of Directors or other governing body of
such corporation or other entity.
“
Systems ” means all records, databases, Company
Websites (as defined in Section 3.14(a) ), software, systems
and networks used by Company in the conduct of the Company
Business.
“
Tax ” and “ Taxes ” mean
all federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, gains,
franchise, excise, capital stock, severance, stamp, premium,
windfall profits, environmental, custom duties, real property,
personal property, sales, use, employment, license, payroll,
services, occupation, recording, registration, withholding, social
security (or similar), unemployment, disability, value added,
alternative or add-on minimum or transfer taxes, governmental
charges, fees, levies, assessments or other taxes (whether payable
directly or by withholding) imposed by any Governmental Authority
responsible for the imposition of any such taxes (domestic or
foreign) (each, a “ Tax Authority ”),
and, with respect to such taxes, charges, fees, levies and
assessments, any estimated tax, interest, fines, penalties or
additions and interest on such fines, penalties and additions,
whether disputed or not and including any obligations to indemnify
or otherwise assume or succeed to the Tax Liability of any other
Person.
“
Termination Date ” means the date that is
30 days after the Agreement Date.
“
Total Common Consideration ” means (a) the
Total Merger Consideration less (b) the Total
Series A Liquidation Preference.
“
Total Series A Liquidation Preference ” means
the product of (a) the Fully Diluted Company Series A
Stock multiplied by (b) the Series A Liquidation
Preference Per Share.
“
Total Merger Consideration ” means (a) $36,000,000
plus (b) the Aggregate Exercise Price less
(c) the sum of (i) the amount, if any, by which the
Company Net Working Capital is less than $1,500,000 as of
immediately prior to the Closing and (ii) Transaction
Expenses.
“
Transaction Expenses ” means all third party fees
and expenses incurred by Company in connection with the Merger and
this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby whether or
not billed or accrued (including any fees and expenses of legal
counsel and accountants, the maximum amount of fees and expenses
payable to financial advisors, investment bankers and brokers of
Company and the Subsidiaries notwithstanding any contingencies for
earnouts, escrows, etc., and any such fees incurred by Company
employees and Company Securityholders paid for or reimbursed or to
be paid for or reimbursed by Company).
“
Unvested Company Share ” means any Company Capital
Stock that is issued but not vested under the terms of any Contract
with Company (including any stock option agreement, stock option
exercise agreement or restricted stock purchase
agreement).
9
2.1 The
Merger . Subject to termination of this Agreement as provided
in Article 10 , the parties hereto will cause the Merger to
be consummated by filing the Certificate of Merger with the
Delaware Secretary of State in accordance with Delaware Law as soon
as practicable on or after the Closing Date. Subject to the terms
and conditions of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, Sub will
be merged with and into Company in a statutory merger, the separate
existence of Sub will cease and Company will be the surviving
company in the Merger (the “ Surviving Company
”), all pursuant to the Certificate of Merger and in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the Delaware
Law.
2.2 Conversion
and Exchange of Capital Stock and Company Options .
(a)
Conversion of Shares of Sub Capital Stock . Subject to the
terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, each
share of capital stock of Sub that is issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time will be converted into and
become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of
common stock of the Surviving Company. Each certificate evidencing
ownership of shares of Sub common stock will evidence ownership of
such shares of common stock of the Surviving Company.
(b)
Conversion of Company Capital Stock and Company Options
.
(i)
Company Series A Stock . Subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, each share of
Company Series A Stock that is issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than Dissenting
Shares and shares owned by Company) will, by virtue of the Merger
and without any further action on the part of Acquirer, Sub,
Company or the holder thereof (except as expressly provided
herein), be converted into and represent the right to receive an
amount of cash (without interest) equal to the Series A Cash
Amount Per Share. The amount of cash that each Effective Time
Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section
2.2(b)(i) shall be rounded to the nearest cent and computed
after aggregating all cash such Effective Time Holder is entitled
to receive pursuant to this Section 2.2(b) . The
preceding provisions of this Section 2.2(b)(i) are subject
to the provisions of Section 2.2(e) (regarding
withholding rights) and Section 2.4 (regarding the
Escrow Cash and Expense Funds).
(ii)
Company Common Stock . Subject to the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, each share of Company
Common Stock that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time (other than Dissenting Shares and shares owned
by Company) will, by virtue of the Merger and without any further
action on the part of Acquirer, Sub, Company or the holder thereof
(except as expressly provided herein), be converted into and
represent the right to receive an amount of cash (without interest)
equal to the Common Cash Amount Per Share. The amount of cash that
each Effective Time Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to this
Section 2.2(b)(ii) shall be rounded to the nearest cent and
computed after aggregating all cash such Effective Time Holder is
entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 2.2(b) .
The preceding provisions of this Section 2.2(b)(ii) are
subject to the provisions of Section 2.2(e) (regarding
withholding rights) and Section 2.4 (regarding the
Escrow Cash and Expense Funds).
(iii)
Company Vested Options . Subject to the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, each Company Vested
Option (including Company Options that accelerate pursuant to
Section 11(b) of the Company Option Plan and Company Options that
accelerate pursuant to Section 2.2(c), but excluding Company
Options for which acceleration is being waived pursuant to a
Benefits Waiver), that is unexpired, unexercised and outstanding
immediately prior to the
10
Effective Time
will, by virtue of the Merger and without any further action on the
part of Acquirer, Sub, Company or the holder thereof (except as
expressly provided herein), be thereafter no longer exercisable but
will be converted into and represent the right to receive an amount
of cash (without interest) equal to the product of (1) the
Common Cash Amount Per Share minus the exercise price per
share of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Vested Option
multiplied by (2) the number of shares of Company
Common Stock subject to such Company Vested Option. The amount of
cash that each Effective Time Holder is entitled to receive
pursuant to this Section 2.2(b)(iii) shall be rounded
to the nearest cent and computed after aggregating all cash such
Effective Time Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to this
Section 2.2(b) . The preceding provisions of this
Section 2.2(b)(iii) are subject to the provisions of
Section 2.2(e) (regarding withholding rights) and
Section 2.4 (regarding the Escrow Cash and Expense
Funds).
(c)
Company Unvested Options . At the Effective Time, each
Company Unvested Option held by a Continuing Employee that is
unexpired, unexercised and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (including the Company Options for which
acceleration is being waived and the New Company Options), shall,
on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, be assumed by Acquirer (as “ Assumed
Option ”). Each such Company Unvested Option so
assumed by Acquirer under this Agreement shall continue to have,
and be subject to, the same terms and conditions as are in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time except as otherwise
provided in this Section 2.2(c) , except
that:
(i) such
Assumed Option shall be exercisable for that number of whole shares
of Acquirer Common Stock equal to the product (rounded down to the
next whole number of shares of Acquirer Common Stock, with no cash
being payable for any fractional share eliminated by such rounding)
of the number of shares of Company Common Stock that were issuable
upon exercise of the related Company Unvested Options immediately
prior to the Effective Time and the Option Exchange
Ratio,
(ii) the
per share exercise price for the shares of Acquirer Common Stock
issuable upon exercise of such Assumed Option shall be equal to the
quotient (rounded up to the next whole cent) obtained by dividing
the exercise price per share of Company Common Stock at which the
related Company Unvested Option was exercisable immediately prior
to the Effective Time by the Option Exchange Ratio, and
(iii) no
Assumed Option may be “early exercised” ( i.e. ,
an Assumed Option may be exercised for shares of Acquirer Common
Stock only to the extent the Assumed Option is vested at the time
of exercise pursuant to the existing vesting schedule of the
Company Unvested Option so assumed).
Subject to the
terms of the Company Option Plan and the documents governing the
outstanding options under such plan as in effect on the date
hereof, the Merger shall not terminate any of the outstanding
Company Unvested Options held by Continuing Employees under such
plan. Each Company Unvested Option held by a Person other than a
Continuing Employee will, by virtue of the Merger and without any
further action on the part of any holder thereof or any other
Person, be accelerated, cashed out as a Company Vested Option
pursuant to Section 2.2(b)(iii), cancelled and extinguished.
As soon as reasonably practicable following the Closing Date, but
no later than five business days after the Closing Date, Acquirer
will cause the shares of Acquirer Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of the Company Unvested Options assumed by Acquirer under
this Agreement to be registered or to be issued pursuant to an
effective registration statement on Form S-8 (or successor form)
under the Securities Act “ Form S-8
”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Acquirer will not be
obligated to register the issuance of any shares of
11
Acquirer Common
Stock that are subject to an Acquirer Option held by a Person who
is ineligible to have such Person’s securities registered on
Form S-8.
(d)
Cancellation of Company Capital Stock Owned by Company .
Notwithstanding Section 2.2(b) , each share of Company
Capital Stock held by Company immediately prior to the Effective
Time will be canceled and extinguished without any conversion
thereof and without the issuance or payment of any
consideration.
(e)
Withholding Rights . Acquirer, the Surviving Company and the
Exchange Agent (as defined in Section 7.2(a) ) will be
entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise
deliverable under this Agreement, and from any other payments
otherwise required pursuant to this Agreement, to any holder of
Company Capital Stock or Company Options such amounts as Acquirer,
the Surviving Company or the Exchange Agent is required to deduct
and withhold with respect to any such deliveries and payments under
the Code or any provision of state, local, provincial or foreign
Tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld, such withheld
amounts will be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as
having been delivered and paid to such holders in respect of which
such deduction and withholding was made.
2.3
Adjustments . In the event of any stock split, reverse stock
split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of
securities convertible into capital stock), reorganization,
reclassification, combination, recapitalization or other like
change with respect to the Company Capital Stock or Acquirer Common
Stock occurring after the Agreement Date and prior to the Effective
Time, all references in this Agreement to specified numbers of
shares of any class or series affected thereby, and all
calculations provided for that are based upon numbers of shares of
any class or series (or trading prices therefor) affected thereby,
shall be equitably adjusted to the extent necessary to provide the
parties the same economic effect as contemplated by this Agreement
prior to such stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend,
reorganization, reclassification, combination, recapitalization or
other like change.
2.4 Escrow
. As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time and
pursuant to the Escrow Agreement (as defined in
Section 8.5 ), Acquirer will withhold from the portion
of the Total Merger Consideration payable to each Effective Time
Holder in the Merger upon conversion of his/her/its outstanding
shares of Company Capital Stock and Company Vested Options pursuant
to Section 2.2 (b) and shall cause to be deposited
with the Escrow Agent (as defined in Section 11.2 )
such Effective Time Holder’s Pro Rata Share of the Escrow
Cash. The Escrow Cash shall constitute security for the
indemnification obligations of the Effective Time Holders pursuant
to Article 11 . In addition, $100,000 of the Total
Merger Consideration shall be withheld pro rata from the portion of
the Total Merger Consideration payable to each Effective Time
Holder in the Merger and shall deposited with the Escrow Agent,
which deposited amount, together with any interest and other income
thereon (collectively, the “ Expense Funds
”), to serve solely as a source of funds to reimburse the
Representative for any expenses incurred or reasonably expected to
be incurred by the Representative in the performance of its
obligations in such capacity under this Agreement pursuant to
Section 11.5 and, to the extent not used for such
purpose, shall be released to the Effective Time Holders pursuant
to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Escrow
Agreement.
(a) Notwithstanding
anything contained herein to the contrary, any Dissenting Shares
shall not be converted into the right to receive the cash amount
provided for in Section 2.2(b) , but shall instead be
converted into the right to receive such consideration as may be
determined to be due with respect to any such Dissenting Shares
pursuant to Delaware Law. Each holder of Dissenting Shares who,
pursuant to the provisions of Delaware Law, becomes entitled to
payment thereunder for such shares
12
shall receive
payment therefor in accordance with Delaware Law. If, after the
Effective Time, any Dissenting Shares shall lose their status as
Dissenting Shares, then any such shares shall immediately be
converted into the right to receive the cash payable pursuant to
Section 2.2(b) in respect of such shares as if such
shares never had been Dissenting Shares, and Acquirer shall issue
and deliver to the holder thereof, at (or as promptly as reasonably
practicable after) the applicable time or times specified in
Section 7.2(c) , following the satisfaction of the
applicable conditions set forth in Section 7.2(c) , the
amount of cash to which such holder would be entitled in respect
thereof under this Section 2.5 as if such shares never had
been Dissenting Shares. Company shall give Acquirer (i) prompt
notice of any demands for appraisal or purchase received by
Company, withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments
served pursuant to Delaware Law and received by Company and
(ii) the right to direct all negotiations and proceedings with
respect to demands for appraisal or purchase under Delaware Law.
Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of
Acquirer, or as otherwise required under Delaware Law, voluntarily
make any payment or offer to make any payment with respect to, or
settle or offer to settle, any claim or demand in respect of any
Dissenting Shares.
(b) The
payout of consideration under this Agreement to the stockholders of
Company (other than to holders of Dissenting Shares who shall be
treated as provided in this Section 2.5 and under
Delaware Law) shall not be affected by the exercise or potential
exercise of appraisal rights or dissenters’ rights under
Delaware Law by any stockholder of Company and the Company
Stockholders have no obligation to repay any amount Acquirer, in
its sole discretion, pays as a result of such expense.
2.6 Total
Merger Consideration . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
contained in this Agreement, in no event shall the aggregate
consideration paid by Acquirer to the Company Securityholders
(including the value of the shares of Acquirer Common Stock or
other consideration, if any, that will be subject to Company
Unvested Options assumed by Acquirer (excluding the New Company
Options) at the Effective Time pursuant to
Section 2.2(c) ) exceed the Total Merger Consideration,
except to the extent that any amount in excess of the Total Merger
Consideration is as a result of (a) any changes in the price
of Acquirer Common Stock occurring after the calculation of the
Average Price Per Share or (b) any payment with respect to
Dissenting Shares.
2.7 Net Working
Capital Adjustment .
(a) Company
shall deliver the Net Working Capital Certificate to Acquirer not
less than three business days prior to the Closing Date.
(b) At
Acquirer’s option, but in any event within 60 days after
the Closing, Acquirer may object to the Net Working Capital
calculations included in the Net Working Capital Certificate (the
“ NWC Calculations ”) by delivering to
the Representative a certificate (the “ Acquirer NWC
Certificate ”) executed by Acquirer’s Chief
Financial Officer setting forth Acquirer’s calculation of Net
Working Capital and the amount by which Net Working Capital as
calculated by Acquirer is less than the Net Working Capital set
forth in the Net Working Capital Certificate.
(c) The
Representative may object to the Net Working Capital calculations
set forth in the Acquirer NWC Certificate by providing written
notice of such objection to Acquirer within 20 days after
Acquirer’s delivery of the Acquirer NWC Certificate (the
“ Notice of Objection ”).
(d) If
the Representative timely provides the Notice of Objection, then
the parties shall confer in good faith for a period of up to 10
business days following Acquirer’s timely receipt of the
Notice of Objection, in an attempt to resolve any disagreement and
any resolution by them shall be in writing and shall be final and
binding.
13
(e) If,
after such 10-business day period, the Representative and Acquirer
cannot resolve any such disagreement, then the parties shall engage
Deloitte & Touche USA LLP (the “ Reviewing
Accountant ”) to review the NWC Calculations. After
review of the NWC Calculations and Company’s books and
records, the Reviewing Accountant shall promptly determine the Net
Working Capital and such determination shall be final and binding
on the parties.
(f) If
the Net Working Capital, as determined pursuant to
Section 2.7(b) (in the event there is no Notice of
Objection) or Section 2.7(d) or
Section 2.7(e) , is in fact less than the Net Working
Capital set forth in the Net Working Capital Certificate (such
difference, the “ Negative Adjustment Amount
”), then, if and only if the Total Merger Consideration would
be reduced after giving effect to the Negative Adjustment Amount,
Acquirer shall be indemnified in accordance with
Article 11 , without any dispute by the Representative,
for the full amount of:
(i) the
Negative Adjustment Amount;
(ii) if
Net Working Capital as determined by the Reviewing Accountant, if
applicable, is less than or equal to Net Working Capital as set
forth in the Acquirer NWC Certificate, all fees and expenses, if
any, of the Reviewing Accountant; and
(iii) if
Net Working Capital as determined by the Reviewing Accountant, if
applicable, is greater than Net Working Capital as set forth in the
Acquirer NWC Certificate, a percentage of the fees and expenses, if
any, of the Reviewing Accountant, which percentage shall equal the
difference between Net Working Capital as set forth in the Net
Working Capital Certificate and Net Working Capital as determined
by the Reviewing Accountant, if applicable, divided by the
difference between Net Working Capital as set forth in the Net
Working Capital Certificate and Net Working Capital as set forth in
the Acquirer NWC Certificate. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
Acquirer shall not be indemnified for any portion of fees and
expenses, if any, of the Reviewing Accountant, if the Net Working
Capital as determined by the Reviewing Accountant is greater than
the Net Working Capital as set forth in the Acquirer NWC
Certificate.
(g) Acquirer’s
decision to provide or not to provide the Acquirer NWC Certificate
pursuant to, and to follow the procedure set forth in, this
Section 2.7 shall not constitute a waiver of any other
remedy Acquirer may have in connection with the NWC Calculations,
including the indemnification provisions of Article 11
.
2.8 Effects of
the Merger .
(a)
General . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger
will be as provided in this Agreement and the applicable provisions
of Delaware Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
at the Effective Time, all of the properties, rights, privileges,
powers and franchises of Company and Sub will vest in the Surviving
Company, and all Liabilities and duties of Company and Sub will
become the Liabilities and duties of the Surviving
Company.
(b)
Certificate of Incorporation . The Certificate of
Incorporation of Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time will
be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Company
immediately after the Effective Time until thereafter amended in
accordance with the provisions thereof or as provided by law;
provided , however , that Article I of the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Company will be
amended at the Effective Time to read: “The name of the
corporation is Discovery Mining, Inc.”
14
(c)
Bylaws . At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of the Surviving
Company shall be amended in their entirety to read as the Bylaws of
Sub, until thereafter amended as provided by Delaware Law, the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Company and such
Bylaws
(d)
Directors and Officers .
(i) At
the Effective Time, the members of the Board of Directors of Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be appointed as the
members of the Board of Directors of the Surviving Company
immediately after the Effective Time until their respective
successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified.
(ii) At
the Effective Time, the officers of Sub immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be appointed as the officers of the Surviving
Company immediately after the Effective Time until their respective
successors are duly appointed.
2.9 Tax
Consequences . The parties intend the merger to be a taxable
sale of the Company Capital Stock by the Company Securityholders.
Acquirer makes no representations or warranties to Company or to
any holder of and shares of Company Capital Stock or Company
Options regarding the Tax treatment of the Merger, or any of the
Tax consequences to Company or any holder of shares of Company
Capital Stock or Company Options of this Agreement, the Merger or
any of the other transactions or agreements contemplated hereby.
Company acknowledges that Company and the holders of shares of
Company Capital Stock and Company Options are relying solely on
their own Tax advisors in connection with this Agreement, the
Merger and the other transactions and agreements contemplated
hereby. The parties hereby agree to treat the Escrow Fund (other
than amounts characterized as imputed interest) as proceeds from an
installment sale within the meaning of, and to the extent permitted
by, Section 453 of the Code, and no party shall take any
actions inconsistent with this treatment.
2.10 Further
Assurances . Company agrees that if, at any time after the
Effective Time, Acquirer believes or is advised that any further
deeds, assignments or assurances are reasonably necessary or
desirable to vest, perfect, confirm or continue in the Surviving
Company, Sub or Acquirer title to any property or any right of
Company as provided herein, Acquirer and any of its officers are
hereby authorized by Company to execute and deliver all such proper
deeds, assignments and assurances and do all other things necessary
or desirable to vest, perfect, confirm or continue title to such
property or rights in the Surviving Company, Sub or Acquirer and
otherwise to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, in the name
of Company or otherwise. The parties further agree that, upon
Acquirer’s request, the parties will amend this Agreement to
cause Company to merge into a different direct or indirect
Subsidiary of Acquirer.
2.11 Rights Not
Transferable . The rights of the Company Securityholders as of
immediately prior to the Effective Time, are personal to each such
securityholder and will not be transferable for any reason
otherwise than by operation of law, will or the laws of descent and
distribution. Any attempted transfer of such right by any holder
thereof (otherwise than as permitted by the immediately preceding
sentence) will be null and void.
ARTICLE 3
Representations and
Warranties of Company
Company represents
and warrants to Acquirer that, except as set forth in the letter
addressed to Acquirer from Company and dated as of the Agreement
Date, including all Schedules thereto (which will specifically
reference the Sections of this Agreement to which the specific
items of disclosure therein constitute an exception and shall be
deemed also disclosed in any other section, subsection or clause
of
15
the Company
Disclosure Letter to the extent that it is clear, upon a reading of
the actual text of such disclosure, without any independent
knowledge on the part of the reader regarding the matter disclosed
or any review of any external document or matter referred to by
such disclosure (other than references to defined terms in each of
those external documents as noted), that such disclosure is
responsive to such other section, subsection or clause of this
Article 3) which has been delivered by Company to Acquirer
concurrently with the parties’ execution of this Agreement
(the “ Company Disclosure Letter ”), each
of the representations, warranties and statements contained in the
following Sections of this Article 3 is true and
correct as of the Agreement Date and will be true and correct on
and as of the Closing Date. For all purposes of this Agreement, the
statements contained in the Company Disclosure Letter will also be
deemed to be representations and warranties made and given by
Company under this Article 3 .
3.1
Organization and Good Standing . Company is a corporation
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the State of Delaware and has continuously been in good
standing under the laws of the State of Delaware at all times since
its inception. Company has the corporate power and authority to
own, operate and lease its properties and to carry on the Company
Business and is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction where the character of its
properties owned or leased or the nature of its activities make
such qualification or licensing necessary (each such jurisdiction
being listed on Schedule 3.1 of the Company Disclosure
Letter), except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to be material to Company. Company is not in violation of its
Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws or other equivalent
organizational or governing documents.
3.2
Subsidiaries . Schedule 3.2 of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth a true, correct and complete list of
each Subsidiary of Company, and each such Subsidiary is wholly
owned by Company. Company has no equity interest, direct or
indirect, in, or loans to, any Person. Company is not obligated to
make, nor bound by any Contract to make, any investment in or
capital contribution in or on behalf of any other Person.
Schedule 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth, with respect to each Subsidiary of Company, (a) its
jurisdiction of incorporation or organization, (b) a correct
and complete list of all jurisdictions in which it is qualified to
do business, and (c) the address of its principal executive
offices. Each Subsidiary of Company is duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing (or appropriately recognized as
legally in existence and active under the laws of its jurisdiction)
under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
identified on Schedule 3.2 of the Company Disclosure
Letter and has the power and authority to own, operate and lease
its properties and to carry on its business as presently being
conducted. Each Subsidiary of Company is duly qualified or licensed
to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where
the character of its properties owned or leased or the nature of
its activities make such qualification or licensing necessary,
except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
such Subsidiary. Neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a
general or limited partner of any general partnership, limited
partnership or other entity.
3.3 Power,
Authorization and Validity .
(a) Subject
to adoption of this Agreement pursuant to the Company Stockholder
Consent, Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to
enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and all
Company Ancillary Agreements. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the Company Ancillary Agreements and the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly
approved and authorized by the Company Board. This Agreement has
been duly executed and delivered by Company and constitutes the
valid and binding obligation of Company enforceable against Company
in accordance with its terms, subject only to the effect, if any,
of (i) applicable bankruptcy and other similar laws affecting
the rights of creditors generally and (ii) rules of law
governing specific performance, injunctive relief and other
equitable remedies. The
16
Company Board,
by resolutions duly adopted (and not thereafter modified or
rescinded) by the unanimous vote of the Company Board, has approved
and adopted this Agreement and approved the Merger, determined that
this Agreement and the terms and conditions of the Merger and this
Agreement are advisable and in the best interests of Company and
its stockholders, and directed that the adoption of this Agreement
be submitted to the Company Stockholders for consideration and
recommended that all of the stockholders of Company adopt this
Agreement.
(b) No
filing, authorization, consent, approval, permit, order,
registration or declaration, governmental or otherwise, is
necessary to enable Company to enter into, and to perform its
obligations under, this Agreement or the Company Ancillary
Agreements, except for: (i) the filing of the Certificate of
Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State; and (ii) such
other filings, authorizations, consents, approvals, permits,
orders, registrations and declarations, if any, that if not made or
obtained by Company would not be material to Company’s
ability to consummate the Merger or to perform its obligations
under this Agreement and the Company Ancillary Agreements and would
not, individually or in the aggregate, be material to Company or
its business.
(a) The
authorized capital stock of Company consist solely of
(i) 10,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and
(ii) 1,750,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock, all of which
are designated as Company Series A Stock. A total of 2,568,833
shares of Company Common Stock and 996,035 shares of Company
Series A Stock are issued and outstanding as of the Agreement
Date. Company holds no treasury shares. As of the Agreement Date,
there are no other issued and outstanding shares of capital stock
or other securities of Company and no outstanding commitments or
Contracts to issue any shares of capital stock or other securities
of Company other than pursuant to the exercise of outstanding
Company Options under the Company Option Plans.
Schedule 3.4(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter
accurately sets forth, as of the Agreement Date, the name of each
Person that is the registered owner of any shares of Company Common
Stock or Company Series A Stock and the number of such shares
so owned by such Person, and the number of shares of Company Common
Stock that would be owned by such Person assuming conversion of all
shares of Company Preferred Stock so owned by such Person giving
effect to all anti-dilution and similar adjustments. The number of
such shares set forth as being so owned by such Person constitutes
the entire interest of such Person in the issued and outstanding
capital stock or voting securities of Company as of the Agreement
Date. All issued and outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock
are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable
and are free of any Encumbrances, preemptive rights, rights of
first refusal or “put” or “call” rights
created by statute, Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or
Bylaws, or any Contract to which Company is a party or by which
Company is bound. All issued and outstanding shares of Company
Capital Stock were issued in material compliance with all
Applicable Laws and all material requirements set forth in
applicable Contracts. There is no Liability for dividends declared
or accrued and unpaid by Company. Company is not under any
obligation to register under the Securities Act any shares of
Company Capital Stock or any other securities of Company, whether
currently outstanding or that may subsequently be
issued.
(b) There
are no Unvested Company Shares issued and outstanding.
(c) As
of the Agreement Date, Company has reserved an aggregate of
1,500,000 shares of Company Common Stock for issuance to employees,
non-employee directors and consultants pursuant to the Company
Option Plan, of which 543,415 shares are subject to outstanding and
unexercised Company Options and 956,585 shares remain available for
issuance thereunder. Schedule 3.4(c)-1 of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth, as of the Agreement Date, a true,
correct and complete list of all holders of outstanding Company
Options, including the number of shares of Company
17
Common Stock
subject to each such option, the date of grant, the exercise or
vesting schedule (and the terms of any acceleration thereof), the
exercise price per share, the Tax status of such option under
Section 422 of the Code and the plan arrangement or agreement
pursuant to which such options were granted.
Schedule 3.4(c)-2 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a true, correct and complete list (which schedule will be a
subset of Schedule 3.4(c)-1 of the Company Disclosure
Letter), as of the Agreement Date, of all holders of outstanding
Company Options that are held by Persons that are not employees of
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including non-employee
directors, consultants, advisory board members, vendors, service
providers or other similar persons), including a description of the
relationship between each such Person and Company. All issued and
outstanding Company Options were issued in compliance with all
Applicable Laws and all requirements set forth in applicable
Contracts. All Company Unvested Options to be assumed by Acquirer
pursuant to Section 2.2(c) were granted under, and in
compliance with, Rule 701 promulgated under the Securities Act
and any applicable guidance issued thereunder.
(d) No
bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of Company or its
Subsidiaries (i) having the right to vote on any matters on which
Company Stockholders may vote (or which is convertible into, or
exchangeable for, securities having such right) or (ii) the
value of which is in any way based upon or derived from capital or
voting securities of Company, is issued or outstanding as of the
Agreement Date (collectively, “ Company Voting
Debt ”).
(e) Except
for the Company Options described in Schedule 3.4(c)-1
of the Company Disclosure Letter and the New Company Options, there
are no options, warrants, calls, rights or Contracts of any
character to which Company is a party or by which it is bound
obligating Company to issue, deliver, sell, repurchase or redeem,
or cause to be issued, delivered, sold, repurchased or redeemed,
any shares of Company Capital Stock, options, warrants or other
rights to purchase shares of Company Capital Stock or other
securities of Company, or any Company Voting Debt, or obligating
Company to grant, extend, accelerate the vesting and/or repurchase
rights of, change the price of, or otherwise amend or enter into
any such option, warrant, call, right or Contract. Except for the
New Company Options, there are no Contracts relating to voting,
purchase or sale of any shares of Company Capital Stock
(i) between or among Company and any of its securityholders,
other than written contracts granting Company the right to purchase
unvested shares upon termination of employment or service, and
(ii) to Company’s Knowledge, between or among any of
Company’s securityholders. Neither the Company Option Plan
nor any Contract of any character to which Company and/or its
Subsidiaries is a party to or by which Company and/or its
Subsidiaries is bound relating to any Company Options require or
otherwise provide for any accelerated vesting of any Company
Options in connection with the Merger or any other transaction
contemplated by this Agreement or upon termination of employment or
service with Company, Acquirer or any of their respective
Subsidiaries, or any other event, before, upon or following the
Merger or otherwise. A true and complete copy of the Company Option
Plan, all agreements and instruments relating to or issued under
the Company Option Plan (including executed copies of all Contracts
relating to the Company Option and the shares of Company Capital
Stock purchased under such option) have been provided to
Acquirer’s counsel, and such plans and Contracts have not
been amended, modified or supplemented since being provided to
Acquirer’s counsel, and there are no Contracts or
understandings to amend, modify or supplement such plans or
Contracts in any case from those provided to Acquirer’s
counsel.
(f) The
Spreadsheet (as defined in Section 5.14 ) will
accurately set forth, as of the Closing, the name of each Person
that is the registered owner of any shares of Company Capital Stock
and/or Company Options and the number and class of such shares of
Company Capital Stock so owned, or subject to Company Options so
held, by such Person. The number of such shares set forth as being
so owned, or subject to Company Options so owned, by such Person
will constitute the entire interest of such person in the issued
and outstanding capital stock, voting securities or other
securities of Company.
18
As of the
Closing, no other Person not disclosed in the Spreadsheet will have
a right to acquire any shares of Company Capital Stock and/or
Company Options from Company. In addition, the shares of Company
Capital Stock and/or Company Options disclosed in the Spreadsheet
will be, as of the Closing, free and clear of any Encumbrances
created by Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws
or any Contract to which Company is a party or by which it is
bound.
(g) Company
has good and marketable title to all of the issued and outstanding
stock or other securities or equity interests of each of its
Subsidiaries set forth on Schedule 3.4(g) of the
Company Disclosure Letter, free and clear of any Encumbrance. All
such issued and outstanding stock or other securities or equity
interests have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully
paid and nonassessable, are not subject to any right of rescission,
right of first refusal or preemptive right, and have been offered,
issued, sold and delivered by the relevant Subsidiary of Company in
compliance with all requirements of Applicable Laws and all
requirements set forth in applicable Contracts. There are no stock
appreciation rights, options, warrants, calls, rights, commitments,
conversion privileges or preemptive or other rights or agreements
outstanding to purchase or otherwise acquire any stock or other
securities or equity interests of any Subsidiary of Company or any
securities or debt convertible into or exchangeable for such stock
or other securities or equity interests or obligating such
Subsidiary of Company to grant, extend or enter into any such
option, warrant, call, right, commitment, conversion privilege or
preemptive or other right or agreement.
3.5 No
Conflicts . Neither the execution and delivery of this
Agreement or the Company Ancillary Agreements, nor the consummation
of any of the transactions contemplated herein or therein, will
(a) conflict with, result in any violation or default under
(with or without notice or lapse of time, or both), give rise to a
right of termination, cancellation or acceleration or any
obligation or loss of any benefit under, or require any consent,
approval or waiver from any Person pursuant to (i) any
provision of Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws
or similar charter documents of Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
each as currently in effect, (ii) any Applicable Law, or
(iii) any Material Agreement to which Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets or properties are
bound or affected, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and
(iii), as would not be material to Company or (b) result in
the creation of any Encumbrance on any of the material properties
or assets of Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to
Company’s Knowledge, any shares of Company Capital
Stock.
(a) There
is no action, suit, arbitration, mediation, proceeding, claim or
investigation pending or, to Company’s Knowledge, threatened
against Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective assets or properties (or, to the Knowledge of Company
and its Subsidiaries, there is no action, suit, arbitration,
mediation, proceeding, claim or investigation pending or threatened
against any director or officer in their capacity as such or
relating to their employment, services or relationship with Company
or any of its Subsidiaries) before any Governmental Authority or
arbitrator.
(b) There
is no judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order against Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets or
properties (or, to the Knowledge of Company and its Subsidiaries,
against any director or officer in their capacity as such or
relating to their employment, services or relationship with Company
or any of its Subsidiaries).
(c) To
Company’s Knowledge, no Person has submitted a written notice
to Company asserting a claim against Company or any of its
Subsidiaries based upon Company’s entering into this
Agreement or any Company Ancillary Agreement or consummating the
Merger or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or
any Company Ancillary Agreement.
19
(d) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material action, suit,
arbitration, mediation, proceeding, claim or investigation pending
against any other Person.
3.7 Financial
Statements .
(a) Company
has delivered to Acquirer its consolidated unaudited financial
statements for each fiscal year and interim fiscal period
subsequent to Company’s inception date (including, in each
case, balance sheets, statements of operations and statements of
cash flows and including consolidated unaudited financial
statements for the six-month period ended June 30, 2008)
(collectively, the “ Financial Statements
”), which are included as Schedule 3.7(a) of the
Company Disclosure Letter. All of the Financial Statements
(i) are prepared from and are in accordance with the books and
records of Company, (ii) complied as to form in all material
respects with applicable accounting requirements with respect
thereto as of their respective dates, (iii) have been prepared in
accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the
periods covered; provided , however , that the
Balance Sheet is subject to normal and recurring year-end
adjustments (which will not be material individually or in the
aggregate) , (iv) fairly present the consolidated financial
condition of Company and its Subsidiaries at the dates therein
indicated and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows
of Company and its Subsidiaries for the periods therein specified,
and (v) are true, complete and correct in all material
respects, insofar as the accounting policies have been consistently
applied by Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ accountants
with those of prior years. Neither Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has any Liabilities other than (A) those set
forth or adequately provided for in the Balance Sheet included in
the Financial Statements as of June 30, 2008 (the “
Balance Sheet ”), (B) those incurred in
the conduct of Company’s business since June 30, 2008
(the “ Balance Sheet Date ”) in the
ordinary course, consistent with past practice, which are of the
type that either ordinarily recur and, individually or in the
aggregate, or are not material in nature or amount and do not
result from any breach of Contract, tort or violation of law, and
(C) those incurred by Company in connection with the execution
of this Agreement. Except for Liabilities reflected in the
Financial Statements, Company has no off balance sheet Liability of
any nature to, or any financial interest in, any third party or
entities, the purpose or effect of which is to defer, postpone,
reduce or otherwise avoid or adjust the recording of expenses
incurred by Company. All reserves that are set forth in or
reflected in the Balance Sheet have been established in accordance
with GAAP consistently applied and are adequate.
(b) Company
has established and maintains a system of internal accounting
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that
(i) transactions, receipts and expenditures of Company and its
Subsidiaries are being executed and made only in accordance with
appropriate authorizations of management and the Company Board,
(ii) transactions are recorded as necessary (A) to permit
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and
(B) to maintain accountability for assets, (iii) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the assets of
Company and its Subsidiaries, (iv) the amount recorded for
assets on the books and records of Company is compared with the
existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is
taken with respect to any differences. Neither Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or Company’s independent auditors nor, to
Company’s Knowledge, any current or former employee,
consultant or director of Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
identified or been made aware of any fraud, whether or not
material, that involves Company’s management or other current
or former employees, consultants, directors or management of
Company or any of its Subsidiaries who have a role in the
preparation of financial statements or the internal accounting
controls utilized by Company or its Subsidiaries, or any claim or
allegation regarding any of the foregoing. Neither Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries nor, to Company’s Knowledge, any
director, officer, employee, auditor, accountant or representative
of Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received or otherwise had
or obtained knowledge of any material complaint, allegation,
assertion or claim, whether written or oral, in each case regarding
deficient accounting or auditing practices, procedures,
methodologies or methods of Company
20
or any of its
Subsidiaries or their respective internal accounting controls or
any material inaccuracy in Company’s financial statements. No
attorney representing Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether
or not employed by Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has reported
to the Company Board or any committee therefore or to any directors
or officer of Company evidence of a material violation of
securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by
Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers,
directors, employees or agents. There are no significant
deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of
Company’s internal controls which could adversely affect
Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial data. At the Balance Sheet Date, there were no material
loss contingencies (as such term is used in Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 5 (“ Statement
No. 5 ”) issued by the Financial Accounting
Standards Board in March 1975) that are not adequately
provided for in the Balance Sheet as required by said Statement
No. 5. There has been no material change in Company accounting
policies since Company’s inception, except as described in
the Financial Statements or required by GAAP.
(c)
Schedule 3.7(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth the names and locations of all banks, trust companies,
savings and loan associations and other financial institutions at
which Company and its Subsidiaries maintain accounts of any nature
and the names of all persons authorized to draw thereon or make
withdrawals therefrom.
(d)
Schedule 3.7(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter
accurately lists all indebtedness of Company and its Subsidiaries
(i) for money borrowed, (ii) evidenced by notes, bonds,
debentures or similar instruments, (iii) for the deferred
purchase price of goods or services (other than trade payables or
accruals incurred in the ordinary course of business),
(iv) under capital leases or (v) in the nature of
guarantees of the obligations described in clauses (i) through
(iv) above of any other Person (collectively, “
Debt ”), including, for each item of Debt, the
agreement governing the Debt and the interest rate, maturity date
and any assets or properties securing such Debt. All Debt may be
prepaid at the Closing without penalty under the terms of the
Contracts governing such Debt.
(a) Company
and each of its Subsidiaries have timely filed all returns,
reports, declarations, claims for refund, estimates and information
returns and statements or other documents relating to Taxes,
including any schedule or attachment thereto and any amendment
thereof (the “ Returns ”), required to be
filed by Company or such Subsidiary under all Applicable Laws and
regulations. All such Returns were true, complete and correct in
all respects and were prepared in substantial compliance with all
Applicable Laws. Company and each of its Subsidiaries have paid all
Taxes due and owing (whether or not shown on any
Return).
(b) The
unpaid Taxes of Company and its Subsidiaries (i) did not, as
of the Balance Sheet Date, exceed the reserve for Tax Liability
(rather than any reserve for deferred Taxes established to reflect
timing differences between book and Tax income) set forth on the
face of the Balance Sheet (rather than in any notes thereto) and
(ii) do not exceed that reserve as adjusted for the passage of
time through the Closing Date in accordance with the past custom
and practice of Company and its Subsidiaries in filing their
Returns. Since the Balance Sheet Date, neither Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries has incurred any Liability for Taxes arising from
extraordinary gains or losses, as that term is used in GAAP,
outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past custom
and practice. There are no Encumbrances for Taxes (other than Taxes
not yet due and payable) upon any of the assets of Company or any
of its Subsidiaries.
(c) No
director or officer (or employee responsible for Taxes) of Company
or any of its Subsidiaries expects any authority to assess any
additional Taxes for any period for which Returns
21
have been
filed. No deficiencies for any Tax have been threatened, claimed,
proposed or assessed against Company or any of its Subsidiaries
which have not been settled or paid. No Return of Company or any of
its Subsidiaries has ever been audited by the Internal Revenue
Service or any other Taxing agency or authority, no such audit is
in progress and neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
been notified of any request for such an audit or other
examination. No claim has ever been made by a Governmental
Authority in a jurisdiction where Company or any of its
Subsidiaries does not file Returns that Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is or may be subject to taxation by that jurisdiction.
No adjustment relating to any Returns filed by Company or any of
its Subsidiaries has been proposed by any Governmental Authority to
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any representative thereof).
There is not in effect any waiver by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of any statute of limitations with respect to any
Taxes or agreement to any extension of time for filing any Return
which has not been filed, and Company has not consented to extend
to a date later than the Agreement Date the period in which any Tax
may be assessed or collected by any Governmental Authority. Company
has delivered to Acquirer correct and complete copies of all
federal and state income tax Returns for all periods ending on or
after December 31, 2002, examination reports and statements of
deficiencies assessed against or agreed to by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
(d) Company
is not a party to, and does not owe any amount under, any
Tax-sharing or allocation agreement. Company has not been a member
of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income Tax
return (other than a group the common parent of which was Company)
and has no Liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than
Company and its Subsidiaries) under Section 1.1502-6 of the
Regulations (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign
law) as a transferee or successor, by contract or
otherwise.
(e) Company
and each of its Subsidiaries have withheld and paid (and until
Closing will withhold and pay) all Taxes required to have been
withheld and paid in connection with any amounts paid or owing to
any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or
other third party.
(f) Each
of Company and its Subsidiaries has disclosed on its federal income
tax Returns all positions taken therein that could give rise to a
substantial understatement of federal income Tax within the meaning
of Section 6662 of the Code. None of Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has consummated, has participated in or is currently
participating in any transaction which was or is a “Tax
shelter” transaction as defined in Section 6662, 6011,
6111 or 6112 of the Code or the Regulations. None of Company or any
of its Subsidiaries has entered into any reportable transaction as
defined in Section 1.6011-4(b) of the Regulations.
(g) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to include any
item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable
income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the
Closing Date as a result of any: (i) change in method of
accounting for a taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing
Date; (ii) “closing agreement” as described in
Section 7121 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar
provision of state, local or foreign income Tax law) executed on or
prior to the Closing Date; (iii) intercompany transaction;
(iv) installment sale or open transaction disposition made on
or prior to the Closing Date; or (v) prepaid amount received on or
prior to the Closing Date.
(h) There
is no agreement, plan, arrangement or other Contract covering any
current or former employee or other service provider of Company or
any Subsidiary or ERISA Affiliate (as defined below) to which
Company and/or any Subsidiary is a party or by which Company and/or
any Subsidiary is bound that, considered individually or considered
collectively with any other such agreements, plans, arrangements or
other Contracts, will, or could reasonably be expected to, as a
result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (whether
alone or upon the occurrence of any
22
additional or
subsequent events), give rise directly or indirectly to the payment
of any amount that could reasonably be expected to be
non-deductible under Section 162(m) of the Code (or any
corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax
law) or characterized as a “parachute payment” within
the meaning of Section 280G of the Code (or any corresponding
or similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax law).
Schedule 3.8(h) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
each Person who Company reasonably believes is, with respect to
Company, any Subsidiary and/or any ERISA Affiliate, a
“disqualified individual” (within the meaning of
Section 280G of the Code and the regulations promulgated
thereunder), as determined as of the Agreement Date.
(i) Company
is not a United States real property holding corporation within the
meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code.
(j) To
Company’s Knowledge, no payment pursuant to any Employee
Plans or other arrangement between Company or a Subsidiary and any
“service provider” (as such term is defined in
Section 409A of the Code and the United States Treasury
Regulations and IRS guidance thereunder), including, without
limitation, the grant, vesting or exercise of any equity option,
would subject any Person to a tax pursuant to Section 409A of
the Code, whether pursuant to the consummation of the Merger, any
other transaction contemplated by this Agreement or
otherwise.
(k) All
Company Options have been appropriately authorized by the Company
Board, including approval of the option exercise price or the
methodology for determining the option exercise price and the
substantive option terms. Except for the New Company Options
to be granted pursuant to Section 5.11(b), all Company Options
granted to employees in the United States that are potentially
subject to Code Section 409A have a per share exercise price
that reflects the fair market value of the Company Common Stock as
determined in good faith compliance with Section 409A of the
Code and the regulations issued thereunder on the date that the
option was granted. No Company Options have been
retroactively granted, or the exercise price of any Company Option
determined retroactively.
3.9 Title to
Assets and Properties; Condition of Equipment and Property .
Company and its Subsidiaries have good and valid title to, or a
valid leasehold interest in, all of the assets and properties used
in the Company Business, not including Company IP Rights, or shown
on the Balance Sheet, free and clear of any Encumbrance, except for
Permitted Encumbrances. Such assets and properties are sufficient
for the continued operation of the business of Company and its
Subsidiaries as presently being conducted in all material respects.
All machinery, vehicles, equipment and other tangible personal
property owned or leased by Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
used in the Company Business are (a) suitable for the uses to
which they are currently employed, (b) in generally good
operating condition, (c) regularly and properly maintained,
and (d) not obsolete, dangerous or in need of renewal or
replacement, except for renewal or replacement in the ordinary
course of business, consistent with past practice. All properties
used in the operations of Company or any of its Subsidiaries are
reflected on the Balance Sheet to the extent required under GAAP to
be so reflected. All leases of real or personal property to which
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party are fully effective
and afford Company or such Subsidiary peaceful and undisturbed
leasehold possession of the subject matter of the lease. Company
and its Subsidiaries are not materially in violation of any zoning,
building, safety or environmental ordinance, regulation or
requirement applicable to the operation of its owned or leased
properties or of any other Applicable Law, nor has Company or any
of its Subsidiaries received any notice of violation of law from a
Governmental Agency with jurisdiction over Company relating to such
issues with which it has not complied. Schedule 3.9-1
of the Company Disclosure Letter identifies each parcel of real
property leased by Company or any Subsidiary. Company has
heretofore provided to Acquirer’s counsel true, correct and
complete copies of all leases, subleases and other agreements under
which Company and/or any Subsidiary uses or occupies or has the
right to use or occupy, now or in the future, any real property or
facility, including all modifications, amendments and supplements
thereto.
23
Neither Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any real property. Company and its
Subsidiaries have adequate rights of ingress and egress into any
real property used in the operation of the Company Business.
Schedule 3.9-2 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a complete and accurate list and a brief description of all
personal property owned or leased by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries with an individual value of $10,000 or
greater.
3.10 Absence of
Certain Changes . Since the Balance Sheet Date, Company and
each of its Subsidiaries has carried on its business in the
ordinary course in accordance with the procedures and practices in
effect on the Balance Sheet Date, and since the Balance Sheet Date
there has not been with respect to Company or any of its
Subsidiaries:
(a) any
Material Adverse Change;
(b) any
Liability incurred other than in the ordinary course of business,
consistent with past practice, or any borrowing of monies in excess
of $50,000 in the aggregate;
(c) any
making of any loan, advance or capital contribution to, or
investment in, any Person other than travel loans or advances made
in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past
practice;
(d) any
Contract with respect to any acquisition, sale or transfer of any
asset of Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the sale or
nonexclusive license of Company Products to its customers in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or any
such transaction for which the consideration is less than
$10,000);
(e) any
material damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by
insurance, affecting its assets, properties or business;
(f) any
declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend on, or the
making of any other distribution in respect to any securities of
Company or combination or recapitalization of any securities of
Company or any direct or indirect redemption, purchase or other
acquisition by Company of its securities, or any change in any
rights, preferences, privileges or restrictions of any of its
outstanding securities;
(g) any
entry into, amendment of, or relinquishment, termination or
nonrenewal by it of any Contract or other right or obligation other
than in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past
practice, but in no event involving obligations (contingent or
otherwise) of or payments to it in excess of $50,000 individually
or $100,000 in the aggregate;
(h) any
payment or discharge of any Encumbrance or Liability, which
Encumbrance or Liability was not either (i) shown on the
Balance Sheet or (ii) incurred in the ordinary course of
business, consistent with past practice, after the Balance Sheet
Date;
(i) any
sale, disposition, transfer or license to any Person of any rights
to Company IP Rights other than in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice or any acquisition or license from
any Person of any Intellectual Property or any sale, disposition,
transfer or providing of any copy of any Company Source Code to any
Person, in each case involving consideration in excess of
$10,000;
(j) any
deferral of the payment of any accounts payable other than in the
ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, or in
an amount which is not material, or any discount,
24
accommodation
or other concession made other than in the ordinary course of
business, consistent with past practice, in order to accelerate or
induce the collection of any receivable;
(k) any
material change in the manner in which it extends discounts,
credits or warranties to its customers or otherwise deals with its
customers;
(l) any
material labor dispute or any claim of unfair labor
practices;
(m) any
change with respect to its officers or management or supervisory
employees (collectively, the “ Management
Employees ”);
(n) any
modification of the benefits payable, or to become payable, to any
of its directors, officers or employees, or any increase in the
compensation (including severance and equity compensation) payable,
or to become payable, to any of its directors, officers or
employees, or any bonus payment or arrangement made to or with any
of such directors, officers or employees;
(o) any
increase in or modification of any bonus, pension, insurance or
other employee benefit plan, payment or arrangement (including the
granting of options, awards or appreciation rights with respect to
its capital stock) made to, for or with any of its directors,
officers, employees, consultants or independent
contractors;
(p) any
modification or change to the right to exercise or convert, or to
the exercise or purchase prices of, any shares of Company Capital
Stock or other securities, or any acceleration or other
modification of (i) the vesting of or right to exercise any
option, warrant or other right to purchase shares of Company
Capital Stock or other securities or (ii) the vesting or
release of any shares of Company Capital Stock or other securities
from any repurchase options or rights of refusal held by it or any
other party or any other restrictions;
(q) any
amendment or change to Company’s Certificate of Incorporation
or Bylaws other equivalent organizational or governing documents of
Company or any Subsidiary; or
(r) any
announcement of, any negotiation by or any entry into any Contract
by Company or any Subsidiary to do any of the things described in
the preceding clauses (a) through (q) (other than negotiations
and agreements with Acquirer and its representatives regarding the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement).
3.11
Contracts . Except for this Agreement and the Contracts
specifically identified in the specific subsections of
Schedule 3.11 of the Company Disclosure Letter, or
which are no longer in effect, neither Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or subject to any of the following (whether
oral or in writing):
(a) any
distribution, original equipment manufacturing, reseller,
marketing, sales representative or similar Contract under which any
third party is authorized to sell, sublicense, lease, distribute,
market or take orders for any product, service or technology owned,
marketed, licensed or provided by it in excess of $50,000 per
annum;
(b) any
Contract for the purchase, sale, license, provision or manufacture
of products, materials, supplies, equipment or services, including
online marketing, media purchase and optimization Contracts,
requiring payment to or from it in an amount in excess of $50,000
per annum;
25
(c) any
Contract (i) in which it has granted or received most favored
customer pricing provisions, exclusive sales, distribution,
marketing, manufacturing or on-line distribution rights, rights of
refusal, rights of first negotiation or similar rights or
(ii) limiting the right of Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(A) to sell, distribute or manufacture any products or
services or (B) to purchase or otherwise obtain any software,
components, parts, subassemblies or services, with respect to any
Company Products;
(d) any
Contract providing for the development of any software, content
(including textual content and visual or graphics content),
technology or Intellectual Property, independently or jointly, by
or for (or for the benefit or use of) it;
(e) any
Contract under which (i) it is a licensor of Intellectual
Property rights, (ii) it is a licensee of Intellectual
Property rights of any other Person (other than “shrink
wrap” and similar generally available commercial end-user
licenses to software that (A) is not incorporated into,
integrated or bundled with, or used by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries in the development, manufacture, compilation or
provision of any of the Company Products and (B) that have an
individual acquisition cost of $1,000 or less (any such software
licenses, “ Immaterial Software Licenses
”)), (iii) it agrees to encumber, not assert, transfer
or sell rights in or with respect to any Intellectual Property, or
(iv) it agrees to provide source code to any third
party;
(f) any
Contract to license or authorize any third party to manufacture or
reproduce any of its products, services, technology or Intellectual
Property;
(g) any
joint venture or partnership Contract, any Contract relating to a
limited liability company or any other Contract which has involved,
or is reasonably expected to involve, a sharing of revenues,
profits, cash flows, expenses or losses by it with any other
party;
(h) any
confidentiality, secrecy or non-disclosure Contract other than any
such Contract entered into with customers and distributors in the
ordinary course of business pursuant to Company’s standard
form which has not been materially modified (a copy of which has
been delivered to Acquirer’s counsel);
(i) any
Contract for or relating to the employment or hiring for services
of any of its directors, officers, employees, consultants or
independent contractors or any other type of Contract with any of
its directors, officers, employees, consultants or independent
contractors which is not immediately terminable by it without cost
or other Liability to it, including any Contract requiring it to
make a payment to any director, officer, employee, consultant or
independent contractor on account of the Merger, any transaction
contemplated by this Agreement or any Contract that is entered into
in connection with this Agreement;
(j) any
Contract or trust deed encumbering any of its assets or properties,
any promissory note, any credit line, credit facility, loan
agreement or other Contract for the borrowing of money pursuant to
which it may borrow or loan funds, any security agreement
encumbering any of its assets or properties, any security agreement
encumbering any asset or property of a third party for its benefit,
any guarantee by it of any obligation or indebtedness of another
party or any guarantee of any of its obligations or indebtedness,
and any Contract for a leasing transaction of a type required to be
capitalized in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 13 of the Financial Accounting Standards
Board;
(k) any
Contract, under which services are currently being provided or
obligations of either party thereto are continuing, containing
indemnification, warranty or similar provisions with
26
respect to
products or services or any Contract containing any support,
maintenance or service obligation or cost on the part of Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (other than under its form of standard
customer or distributor agreement, the terms of which have not been
materially modified, the form of which has been delivered to
Acquirer’s counsel);
(l) any
Contract for the sale, licensing or leasing by or to it of any
assets, properties, products, services or rights having a value in
excess of $50,000 per annum or which is material to the Company
Business and any Contract for the sale, purchase or disposition of
any real property;
(m) any
Company IP Rights Agreement (as defined in
Section 3.13(g) ) that (i) involves or involved a
payment to or from it of $50,000 or more, (ii) grants any
exclusive rights, including any exclusivity with respect to any
product, service, market, industry, field of use or geographic
territory, (iii) requires the ongoing payment of any royalties
or periodic fees or payments by it, or (iv) is material to the
Company Business, its Intellectual Property rights or technology or
any of its current or proposed products or services;
(n) any
application hosting, application management, application usage,
website hosting, website linking, consent or data sharing, data
feed, information exchange, advertising, fee sharing, lead or
customer referral, commerce, co-branding, framing, service, order
or transaction processing or similar Contract relating to any
aspect or element of any of the Company Websites (as defined in
Section 3.14 ) or any other website or use of the
public internet, or the extranet or intranet of any
Person;
(o) any
Contract or plan (including any Company stock option, Company stock
purchase and/or Company stock bonus plan) relating to the sale,
issuance, grant, exercise, award, purchase, repurchase or
redemption of any shares of Company Capital Stock or any other
securities of Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any options,
warrants, convertible notes or other rights to purchase or
otherwise acquire any shares of Company Capital Stock, other
securities or options, warrants or other rights therefor, except
for those Contracts disclosed on Schedule 3.4(c)-1 of
the Company Disclosure Letter;
(p) any
Contract under which Company provides any advice or services to any
third party, including any consulting Contract, professional
Contract or software implementation, deployment or development
services Contract (including, for each such Contract, a description
of the percentage of completion and expected additional hours,
resources and costs necessary to complete such services) in excess
of $10,000;
(q) any
Contract with any labor union or any collective bargaining
agreement or similar Contract with its employees;
(r) any
Contract pursuant to which it has acquired a business or entity, or
assets of a business or entity, whether by way of merger,
consolidation, purchase of stock, purchase of assets, license or
otherwise;
(s) any
other Contract to which it is a party or by which it or any of its
assets or properties are bound that involves a future financial
commitment by it in excess of $50,000; or
(t) any
Contract between Company and any Governmental Authority.
All
Contracts required by subsections (a) through (t) of this
Section 3.11 to be listed on Schedule 3.11
of the Company Disclosure Letter (collectively, “
Material Agreements ”) are valid and
in
27
full force and
effect. A true and complete copy of each Material Agreement and all
amendments and schedules thereto has been delivered to
Acquirer’s counsel. No statement of work or contract order
will be deemed to be disclosed on Schedule 3.11 of the
Company Disclosure Letter unless such statement of work or contract
order, as applicable, is specifically listed on
Schedule 3.11 of the Company Disclosure
Letter.
3.12 No
Default; No Restrictions .
(a) Company
and its Subsidiaries are not, nor to Company’s Knowledge is
any other party, in material breach or default under any Material
Agreement. No event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition
exists, caused either by Company or, to Company’s Knowledge,
the contract counterparty, that (with or without notice or lapse of
time, or both) will, or would reasonably be expected to,
(i) result in a violation or breach of any provision of any
Material Agreement by Company; or (ii) to Company’s
Knowledge, give the respective contract counterparty (A) the
right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under any
Material Agreement, (B) the right to a material rebate,
chargeback, refund, credit, penalty or change in delivery schedule
under any Material Agreement, (C) the right to accelerate the
maturity or performance of any obligation of Company or any of its
Subsidiaries under any Material Agreement, or (D) the right to
cancel, terminate or modify any Material Agreement. Neither Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice from a
contract counterparty regarding any actual or possible violation or
breach of, default under, or intention to cancel or modify any
Material Agreement. Neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
any material Liability for renegotiation of Contracts or
subcontracts with any Governmental Authority.
(b) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, and no asset or
property of Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or affected
by, any judgment, injunction, order, decree or Contract that
restricts or prohibits, or purports to restrict or prohibit,
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, following the Effective
Time, the Surviving Company, from freely engaging in the Company
Business or from competing anywhere in the world (including any
judgments, injunctions, orders, decrees or Contracts restricting
the geographic area in which Company or any of its Subsidiaries may
sell, license, market, distribute or support any products or
technology or provide services or restricting the markets,
customers or industries that Company or any of its Subsidiaries may
address in operating the Company Business or restricting the prices
which Company or any of its Subsidiaries may charge for their
respective products, technology or services) or that includes any
grants by Company or any of its Subsidiaries of exclusive rights or
licenses.
3.13
Intellectual Property .
(a) Company
and its Subsidiaries (i) own and have independently developed
or acquired or (ii) have the valid right or license to all Company
IP Rights. The Company IP Rights are sufficient for the conduct of
the Company Business as currently conducted and, to Company’s
Knowledge, as currently planned by Company to be conducted in the
future.
(b) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has transferred ownership of
any Intellectual Property that is or was Company-Owned IP Rights to
any third party or knowingly permitted Company’s rights in
any Intellectual Property that is or was Company-Owned IP Rights to
enter the public domain or, except as set forth in
Schedule 3.13(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, with
respect to any Company Registered Intellectual Property, lapse
(other than through the expiration of Company Registered
Intellectual Property at the end of its maximum statutory
term).
(c) Except
as set forth in Schedule 3.13(c) of the Company
Disclosure Letter, Company and its Subsidiaries own and have good
and exclusive title to each item of Company-Owned IP
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Rights and each
item of Company Registered Intellectual Property, free and clear of
any Encumbrances (other than non-exclusive object code licenses of
software by Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary
course of its business consistent with past practice on its
standard form of customer agreement (a copy of which has been
provided to Acquirer’s counsel) that has not been materially
modified (“ Standard Form Agreements
”)). Except as set forth in Schedule 3.13(c) of the
Company Disclosure Letter, the right, license and interest of
Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Company in and to all
third-party Intellectual Property rights licensed by Company or any
of its Subsidiaries from a third party are free and clear of all
Encumbrances (excluding restrictions contained in the applicable
license agreements, including in any open source licenses, with
such third parties and Standard Form Agreements).
(d) Neither
the execution and delivery or effectiveness of this Agreement nor
the performance of Company’s obligations under this Agreement
will cause the forfeiture or termination of, or give rise to a
right of forfeiture or termination of, any Company-Owned IP Right
or impair the right of Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, after
the Closing, Acquirer to use, possess, sell or license any
Company-Owned IP Right or portion thereof. Except as set forth in
Schedule 3.13(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter,
after the Closing, all Company-Owned IP Rights will be fully
transferable, alienable or licensable by Acquirer without
restriction and without payment of any kind to any third
party.
(e)
Schedule 3.13(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
all Company Products by name and version number.
(f)
Schedule 3.13(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
all Company Registered Intellectual Property, including the
jurisdictions in which each such item of Intellectual Property has
been issued or registered or in which any application for such
issuance and registration has been filed or in which any other
filing or recordation has been made. Schedule 3.13(f)
of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all actions
that are required to be taken by Company or any of its Subsidiaries
within 120 days of the Agreement Date with respect to any of
the Company Registered Intellectual Property in order to avoid
prejudice to, or impairment or abandonment of, such Company
Registered Intellectual Property. Each item of Company Registered
Intellectual Property is valid and subsisting or, in the case of
applications, applied for.
(g) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is or will be, as a result of
the execution and delivery or effectiveness of this Agreement or
the performance of Company’s obligations under this
Agreement, in breach of any Contract governing any Company IP
Rights (the “ Company IP Rights Agreements
”) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement will not result in the modification, cancellation,
termination, suspension of, or acceleration of any payments with
respect to the Company IP Rights Agreements (other than with
respect to any Immaterial Software Licenses), or give any
non-Company party to any Company IP Rights Agreement (other than
any Immaterial Software Licenses) the right to do any of the
foregoing. Following the Closing, the Surviving Company (as
wholly-owned by Acquirer) will be permitted to exercise all of the
rights of Company and its Subsidiaries under the Company IP Rights
Agreements (other than with respect to any Immaterial Software
Licenses) to the same extent Company and its Subsidiaries would
have been able to had the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement not occurred and without the payment of any additional
amounts or consideration other than ongoing fees, royalties or
payments which Company or any of its Subsidiaries would otherwise
be required to pay.
(h) There
are no royalties, honoraria, fees or other payments payable by
Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any Person (other than
salaries payable to employees, consultants and independent
contractors not contingent on or related to use of their work
product or registration fees payable with respect to any Company
Registered Intellectual Property) as a result of the ownership,
use,
29
possession,
license-in, license-out, sale, marketing, advertising or
disposition of any Company-Owned IP Rights by Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
(i) To
Company’s Knowledge, there is no unauthorized use,
unauthorized disclosure, infringement or misappropriation of any
Company-Owned IP Rights by any third party, including any employee
or former employee of Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Except as
set forth in Schedule 3.13(i) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has brought any
action, suit or proceeding for infringement or misappropriation of
any Intellectual Property right or breach of any Company IP Rights
Agreement.
(j) Neither
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been sued in any suit,
action or proceeding (or received any written notice or, to
Company’s Knowledge, threat) which involves a claim of
infringement or misappropriation of any Intellectual Property right
of any third party or which contests the validity, ownership or
right of Company or any of its Subsidiaries to exercise any
Intellectual Property right. Neither Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has received any written communication that involves
an offer to license or grant any other rights or immunities under
any third-party Intellectual Property right.
(k) The
operation of the Company Business, as currently conducted, by
Company or any of i
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