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EXECUTION COPY
Exhibit 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
by and among
THE MIDDLEBY CORPORATION,
CHEF ACQUISITION CORP.
and
TURBOCHEF TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Dated
AUGUST 12, 2008
ii
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Index - iv
Index - v
Index - vi
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter referred to as this " Agreement "), dated August 12, 2008, by and among The Middleby Corporation, a Delaware corporation (" Parent "), Chef Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (" Merger Sub "), and TurboChef Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " Company ").
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company has unanimously approved and declared advisable the acquisition of the Company by Parent by means of the merger of the Company with and into Merger Sub upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein and have approved and declared advisable this Agreement;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the " Company Board of Directors ") has unanimously determined that the Merger Consideration (as defined in Section 2.1(c) ) to be received by holders of shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the " Shares ") is fair to the holders of such Shares from a financial point of view and has resolved to recommend that the holders of Shares adopt this Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein; and
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Parent's willingness to enter into this Agreement, each director, executive officer and stockholder of the Company set forth on Schedule 1 hereto has executed a Voting and Support Agreement in respect of Shares beneficially owned by such director, officer or stockholder, the forms of which are attached hereto as an exhibit to Schedule 1 .
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER Section 1.1 The Merger (a) . (a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, the Company and Merger Sub shall consummate a merger (the " Merger ") pursuant to which (i) the Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub and the separate corporate existence of the Company shall thereupon cease, (ii) Merger Sub shall be the successor or surviving corporation in the Merger and shall continue to be governed by the Laws of the State of Delaware, and (iii) the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub with all its rights, privileges, immunities, powers and franchises shall continue unaffected by the Merger. The corporation surviving the Merger is sometimes hereinafter referred to as the " Surviving Corporation ." The Merger shall have the effects set forth in the DGCL.
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(b) The Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation, until thereafter amended as provided by Law and such Certificate of Incorporation.
(c) The Bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until thereafter amended as provided by Law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and such Bylaws.
Section 1.2 Effective Time . Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, on the Closing Date (as defined in Section 1.3 ), the parties shall (i) file the appropriate Certificate of Merger in such form as is required by and executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL and (ii) make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL. The Merger will become effective at such time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such subsequent date or time as the Company and Merger Sub agree and specify in the Certificate of Merger (such time hereinafter referred to as the " Effective Time ").
Section 1.3 Closing . The closing of the Merger (the " Closing ") will take place at 10:00 a.m., Chicago time, as soon as practicable, but in any event no later than the second Business Day after satisfaction or waiver of all of the conditions set forth in Article VII (the " Closing Date "), at the offices of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, unless another date or place is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto.
Section 1.4 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation . The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, and the officers of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each case until their respective successors shall have been duly elected, designated or qualified, or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Surviving Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.
Section 1.5 Subsequent Actions . If at any time after the Effective Time the Surviving Corporation shall determine, in its reasonable discretion, that any actions are necessary or desirable to vest, perfect or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation its right, title or interest in, to or under any of the rights, properties or assets of either of the Company or Merger Sub acquired or to be acquired by the Surviving Corporation as a result of, or in connection with, the Merger or otherwise to carry out this Agreement, then the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation shall be authorized take all such actions as may be necessary or desirable to vest all right, title or interest in, to and under such rights, properties or assets in the Surviving Corporation or otherwise to carry out this Agreement.
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ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES
Section 2.1 Conversion of Capital Stock . As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holders of any Shares or the holders of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub (the " Merger Sub Common Stock "):
(a) Each outstanding share of Merger Sub Common Stock shall remain outstanding and shall constitute the only issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) All Shares that are owned by the Company as treasury stock and any Shares owned by Parent, Merger Sub or any other wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent shall be cancelled and retired, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Subject to Section 2.1(e) below, each outstanding Share, (other than Shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and other than Dissenting Shares) shall be converted into the right to receive: (i) 0.0486 (the " Exchange Ratio ") of a validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Parent (" Parent Common Stock ") (the " Stock Consideration "), and (ii) $3.67 in cash, without interest (the " Cash Consideration ", and together with the Stock Consideration, the " Merger Consideration "). At the Effective Time, all Shares converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to this Section 2.1(c) shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate (or, in the case of uncertificated Shares, evidence of such Shares in book-entry form) which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented any such Shares (each, a " Certificate ") shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) , in each case to be issued or paid in consideration therefor upon surrender of such Certificate (or, in the case of uncertificated Shares, evidence of such Shares in book-entry form) in accordance with this Section 2.2(b) , without interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the shares of outstanding Parent Common Stock shall have been changed into a different number of shares or a different class, by reason of the occurrence or record date of any stock dividend, subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization, split, combination, exchange of shares or similar transaction, then the Exchange Ratio shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect such action. The right of any holder of a Certificate to receive the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) shall, to the extent provided in Section 2.2(i) , be subject to and reduced by the amount of any withholding that is required under applicable Tax Law.
(d) Dissenting Shares .
(i) Shares that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and which are held by holders who have not voted in favor of or consented to the Merger and who are entitled to demand and have properly demanded their rights to be paid the fair value of such Shares in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL (the " Dissenting Shares ") shall not be cancelled and converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, and the holders thereof shall be entitled to only such rights as are granted by Section 262 of the DGCL; provided, however , that if any such stockholder of the Company shall fail to perfect or shall effectively waive, withdraw or lose such stockholder's rights under Section 262 of the DGCL, such stockholder's Dissenting Shares in respect of which the stockholder would otherwise be entitled to receive fair value under Section 262 of the DGCL shall thereupon be deemed to have been cancelled, at the Effective Time, and the holder thereof shall be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration (payable without any interest thereon) as compensation for such cancellation.
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(ii) The Company shall give Parent (A) prompt notice of any notice received by the Company of intent to demand the fair value of any Shares, withdrawals of such notices and any other instruments or notices served pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL and (B) the opportunity to direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to the exercise of appraisal rights under Section 262 of the DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent or as otherwise required by an Order, (x) make any payment or other commitment with respect to any such exercise of appraisal rights, (y) offer to settle or settle any such rights or (z) waive any failure to timely deliver a written demand for appraisal or timely take any other action to perfect appraisal rights in accordance with the DGCL.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Article II to the contrary, the Stock Consideration and the Cash Consideration paid for each Share converted pursuant to Section 2.1(c) shall be adjusted in the manner set forth herein to account for the excess cash paid to holders of Dissenting Shares pursuant to Section 2.1(d) over the amount of cash such holders would have received had the Dissenting Shares been converted pursuant to Section 2.1(c) (the " Dissenters' Excess Cash ", which shall be equal to 40% of the total cash paid in exchange for the Dissenting Shares). First, the Cash Consideration payable for each Share shall be reduced pro rata by an aggregate amount equal to the Dissenters’ Excess Cash. Second, the Stock Consideration (and the Exchange Ratio) payable for each Share shall be increased pro rata by an aggregate amount equal to the Dissenters’ Excess Cash (based on the per share value of the Parent Common Stock as of the day immediately preceding the date of this Agreement). Nothing in this Section 2.1(e) is intended to result in a change to the aggregate amount of cash and the aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock payable in exchange for the Shares (including Dissenting Shares) as of the date of this Agreement pursuant to this Article II.
Section 2.2 Exchange of Certificates .
(a) Exchange Agent . At the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit, or cause the Surviving Corporation to deposit with a bank or trust company designated by Parent and reasonably satisfactory to the Company (the " Exchange Agent "), for the benefit of the holders of Certificates (or, in the case of uncertificated Shares, evidence of such Shares in book-entry form), certificates representing Parent Common Shares in an amount sufficient to pay the Stock Consideration and cash in an amount sufficient to pay the Cash Consideration required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.1(c) in the aggregate amount equal to the number of shares of Parent Common Stock and amount of cash into which such Shares have been converted (in each case, other than Dissenting Shares). In addition, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent, as necessary from time to time after the Effective Time, cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) . All cash and shares of Parent Common Stock deposited with the Exchange Agent pursuant to this Section 2.2(a) shall hereinafter be referred to as the " Exchange Fund ".
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(b) Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time, but in any event no later than the fifth Business Day after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of a Certificate (or, in the case of uncertificated Shares, evidence of such Shares in book-entry form) whose Shares were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) (i) a form of letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent and which shall be in customary form and contain customary provisions including customary provisions with respect to delivery of an " agent's message" with respect to Shares held in book-entry form) and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) . Each holder of record of one or more Certificates shall, upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of such Certificate or Certificates (or, if applicable, delivery of an " agent's message"), together with such letter of transmittal, duly executed, and such other documents as may reasonably be required by the Exchange Agent, be entitled to receive in exchange therefor (i) the amount of cash to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(c) , (ii) a certificate or certificates representing that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock (after taking into account all Certificates surrendered by such holder) to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(c) and (iii) cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) , and the Certificates so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares which is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, payment of the Merger Consideration may be made to a person other than the person in whose name the Certificate so surrendered is registered if such Certificate shall be properly endorsed or otherwise be in proper form for transfer and the person requesting such payment shall pay any transfer or other Taxes required by reason of the transfer or establish to the reasonable satisfaction of Parent that such Taxes have been paid or are not applicable. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2(b) , each Certificate shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) . No interest shall be paid or will accrue on any payment to holders of Certificates or holders of Shares in book-entry form pursuant to the provisions of this Article II.
(c) No Further Ownership Rights in Shares . The Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) paid upon the surrender of Certificates (or, if applicable, delivery of an " agent's message") in accordance with the terms of this Article II shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the Shares formerly represented by such Certificates. At the close of business on the day on which the Effective Time occurs, the share transfer books of the Company shall be closed, and there shall be no further registration of transfers on the share transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the Shares that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, any Certificate is presented to the Surviving Corporation for transfer, it shall be cancelled against delivery of and exchanged as provided in this Article II.
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(d) No Fractional Shares . No certificates or scrip representing fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates or holders of Shares in book-entry form (or, if applicable, delivery of an " agent's message"), and such fractional share interests shall not entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any rights of a stockholder of Parent. Each holder of Shares who otherwise would have been entitled to a fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock shall receive in lieu thereof cash equal to the product obtained by multiplying (A) the fractional share interest to which such holder (after taking into account all Shares formerly represented by all Certificates surrendered by such holder) would otherwise be entitled by (B) the per share closing price of the Parent Common Stock on the last trading day immediately prior to the Closing Date, as such price is reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market (as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets or such other source as the parties shall agree in writing).
(e) Termination of the Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to the holders of the Certificates or holders of Shares in book-entry form for six months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Parent, upon demand, and any holders of the Certificates or holders of Shares in book-entry form who have not theretofore complied with this Article II shall thereafter look only to Parent for, and Parent shall remain liable for, payment of their claim for the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) in accordance with this Article II.
(f) No Liability . None of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any person in respect of any shares of Parent Common Stock or other distributions from the Exchange Fund properly delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.
(g) Investment of Exchange Fund . The Exchange Agent shall invest the cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent (i) direct obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America, (ii) commercial paper rated the highest quality by either Moody's Investors Services, Inc. or Standard & Poor's Rating Group, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. or (iii) money market, bank repurchase agreements or bankers' acceptances of commercial banks with capital exceeding $3 billion, or any of the foregoing and, in any such case, no such investment shall be subject to an extended maturity that would prohibit immediate liquidation and access to such funds. Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall be paid to and be income of Parent. If for any reason (including losses) the cash in the Exchange Fund shall be insufficient to fully satisfy all of the payment obligations to be made in cash by the Exchange Agent hereunder, Parent shall promptly deposit cash into the Exchange Fund in an amount which is equal to the deficiency in the amount of cash required to fully satisfy such cash payment obligations.
(h) Lost Certificates . If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Parent, the posting by such person of a bond in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent shall deliver in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the Merger Consideration and cash in lieu of any fractional shares payable pursuant to Section 2.2(d) , in each case pursuant to this Article II.
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(i) Withholding Rights . Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent determine are required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment under Code, or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority by Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of Certificates or holder of shares in book-entry form in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent.
(j) Exchange Agent Expenses . Except as otherwise provided herein, Parent shall pay all charges and expenses, including those of the Exchange Agent, in connection with the exchange of the Merger Consideration for Certificates.
Section 2.3 Company Equity Plans; Exchange Rights .
(a) Effective as of the Effective Time, the Company shall terminate the Company's 2003 Stock Incentive Plan and any predecessor plans thereto, each as amended through the date of this Agreement (collectively, the " Option Plans "). Each holder of an option to purchase shares of common stock of the Company granted under the Option Plans or otherwise (each, an " Option ") that is outstanding and unexercised at the Effective Time whether or not vested pursuant to the terms of the applicable Option Plan, other than holders of an Option to purchase shares of common stock of the Company granted under the Company’s former 1994 Stock Option Plan (the " Outstanding 1994 Plan Options ") shall be entitled to receive from the Surviving Corporation as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, in exchange for the cancellation of such Option, a payment in cash, payable in U.S. dollars and without interest, equal to the product of (i) (A) the excess, if any, of (1) the Cash Consideration plus (2) (x) the Exchange Ratio multiplied by (y) the Parent Reference Price over (B) the per share exercise price of such Option, multiplied by (ii) the number of Shares subject to such Option as of the Effective Time. Any such payments shall be subject to Section 2.3(d) . The Surviving Corporation shall assume the Outstanding 1994 Plan Options as options to purchase shares of Parent Common Stock, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth on Schedule 2 hereto. The Surviving Corporation shall assume the MSLO Warrant upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in that certain Waiver, Amendment and Assumption, dated August 12, 2008, among the Company, Parent and Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc., a copy of which is attached hereto in Schedule 3 .
(b) Immediately prior to the Effective Time, each restricted stock unit award evidencing the right to receive shares of common stock of the Company granted under the Option Plans or otherwise (each, a " Restricted Stock Unit ") that is outstanding immediately prior thereto shall become fully vested as to the number of shares of common stock of the Company that are the subject thereof as of the Effective Time and shall by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of any holder of any Restricted Stock Unit be cancelled and converted into the right to receive from the Surviving Corporation as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time the Merger Consideration in respect of such number of shares of common stock of the Company that are the subject thereof. Any such payments shall be subject to Section 2.3(d) .
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(c) Immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all actions necessary to cause each Enersyst Development Center, L.L.C. preferred unit exchange right (each, an " Exchange Right ") granted pursuant to that certain Preferred Unit Exchange Agreement dated May 21, 2004 that is outstanding and unexercised at the Effective Time to be cancelled, and each such holder of Exchange Rights shall be entitled to receive from the Surviving Corporation as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, in exchange for the cancellation of such Exchange Rights, the Merger Consideration in respect of such number of shares of common stock of the Company that are the subject thereof. A Any such payments shall be subject to Section 2.3(d) .
(d) The Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the amounts otherwise payable pursuant to Sections 2.3(a)-(c) to any holder of Options, Restricted Stock Units and Exchange Rights such amounts as the Company is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Code or any provision of state, local or foreign tax Law, and shall deposit such amounts with the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the applicable holder. To the extent that amounts are so deducted and withheld by the Surviving Corporation, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Options, Restricted Stock Units or Exchange Rights in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by the Surviving Corporation.
(e) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all necessary action (i) (in accordance with that certain SEC no-action letter, dated January 12, 1999, to Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP) to provide that the treatment of Options pursuant to Section 2.3(a) will qualify for exemption under Rule 16b-3(d) or (e), as applicable, under the Exchange Act, and (ii) to effect the treatment of the Option Plans and Options, Restricted Stock Units and Exchange Rights set forth in this Section 2.3 , including obtaining any and all necessary consents.
(f) Prior to the Effective Time, Parent, the Company and Exchange Agent shall mutually agree on the mechanics for the payment (as promptly as practicable following the Effective Time) of the consideration to be received under this Section 2.3 to holders of Options, Restricted Stock Units and Exchange Rights.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
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Except as set forth on the disclosure schedule, dated the date hereof, delivered by the Company to Parent (the " Company Disclosure Schedule "), with specific reference to the particular Section or subsection of this Agreement to which the limitation set forth in such Company Disclosure Schedule relates (it being understood that any information set forth in a particular Section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to apply to and qualify each other Section or subsection thereof or hereof to the extent that it is readily apparent on its face that such information is relevant to such other Section or subsection thereof or hereof), the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as set forth below.
Section 3.1 Organization . (a) The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and has full corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted.
(b) The Company is duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation and in good standing in each jurisdiction where such qualification or licensing is necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. As used in this Agreement, " Company Material Adverse Effect " means any change, circumstance, development, occurrence, event, fact or effect that, when considered either individually or in the aggregate, is or is reasonably likely to be materially adverse to (A) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, consolidated results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) the ability of the Company to perform any of its obligations under or consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided , however , that in the case of clause (A) only, none of the following shall be deemed to be, and shall not be taken into account when determining whether there has been, a Company Material Adverse Effect: changes, circumstances, developments, occurrences, events, facts or effects resulting from (i) changes affecting the industries in which the Company and its Company Subsidiaries operate; (ii) any conditions affecting the economy or the financial, debt, credit, or securities markets in the United States, including as a result of changes in geopolitical conditions; (iii) acts of war (whether or not declared), armed hostilities and acts of terrorism, or developments or changes therein; (iv) any conditions resulting from natural disasters; (v) compliance by the Company and its Company Subsidiaries with the covenants contained in this Agreement; (vi) any failure by the Company to meet any published analyst estimates or expectations of the Company's revenue, earnings or other financial performance or results of operations for any period ending on or after the date of this Agreement (it being understood that the exception in this clause (vi) is strictly limited to any such failure in and of itself and shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, circumstance, development, occurrence, event, fact or effect underlying such failure has resulted in or contributed to a Company Material Adverse Effect); (vii) any action taken or omitted to be taken by or at the written request or with the written consent of Parent; (viii) changes in GAAP or authoritative interpretations thereof; unless, in the case of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), such change, circumstance, development, occurrence, event, fact or effect has a materially disproportionate effect on the Company compared with other companies operating in the industries in which the Company operates; or (ix) any announcement of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, in each case, solely to the extent due to such announcement. The Company has heretofore delivered to Parent complete and correct copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws (or similar organizational documents) of the Company and each Company Subsidiary as presently in effect.
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Section 3.2 Subsidiaries and Affiliates . (a) Section 3.2(a)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth the name, jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and authorized and outstanding capital of each Company Subsidiary. Other than with respect to the Company Subsidiaries, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other equity securities of any Person or have any direct or indirect equity or ownership interest in any business. No Shares are held by a Company Subsidiary. All of the outstanding capital stock (or similar equity interests) of each Company Subsidiary is (or are) owned directly or indirectly by the Company free and clear of all liens, charges, security interests, options, claims, mortgages, pledges, or other encumbrances and restrictions of any nature whatsoever (" Encumbrances "), and is (or are) validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. As used in this Agreement: the term " Company Subsidiary " means each Person which is a Subsidiary of the Company; the term " Subsidiary " means with respect to any party, any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other organization or entity, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which (i) at least a majority of the securities or other interests having by their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or others performing similar functions with respect to such organization is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such party or by any one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such party and one or more of its Subsidiaries or (ii) such party or any other Subsidiary of such party is a general partner (excluding any such partnership where such party or any Subsidiary of such party does not have a majority of the voting interest in such partnership); and the term " Person " means a natural person, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, Governmental Entity or other entity or organization.
(b) Each Company Subsidiary (i) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and has full power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted. Each Company Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation or limited liability company, as the case may be, and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where such qualification or licensing is necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.3 Capitalization . (a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share. As of the date of this Agreement, (i) 30,390,471 Shares are issued and outstanding, (ii) no Shares are issued and held in the treasury of the Company, (iii) a total of 3,596,246 Shares are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Options or upon the vesting of Restricted Stock Units, (iv) a total of 2,650,744 Shares subject to options are vested and exercisable as of the date hereof, (v) a total of 564,813 Shares are available for future grant under the Option Plans, (vi) 454,000 Shares are reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding warrants and (vii) no shares of preferred stock are issued and outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock are, and all shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of outstanding Options will be, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The only principal amount of outstanding indebtedness for borrowed money of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries is $8.0 million (which amount is as of the close of business on August 8, 2008) under the Company's Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 7, 2008, among the Company, the Company Subsidiaries and Bank of America, N.A. There is no indebtedness having general voting rights (or convertible into securities having such rights) (" Voting Debt ") of the Company or any Company Subsidiary issued and outstanding. There are (i) no existing options, warrants, calls, pre-emptive rights, subscriptions or other rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, agreements, arrangements, understandings or commitments of any kind relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of, or other equity interests in, the Company or any Company Subsidiary obligating the Company or any Company Subsidiary to issue, transfer, register or sell or cause to be issued, transferred, registered or sold any shares of capital stock or Voting Debt of, or other equity interest in, the Company or any Company Subsidiary or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such shares or equity interests or other securities, or obligating the Company or any Company Subsidiary to grant, extend or enter into any such option, warrant, call, subscription or other right, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award, agreement, arrangement, understanding or commitment, and (ii) no outstanding agreements, arrangements, understandings or commitments of the Company or any Company Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Shares or the capital stock of the Company or any capital stock or other equity interests in any Company Subsidiary or any Person or to provide funds to make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in any Company Subsidiary or any Person. There are no outstanding or authorized stock appreciation, phantom stock, profit participation or other similar rights with respect to the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
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(b) Section 3.3(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, with respect to each Option outstanding as of July 28, 2008, (i) the number of Shares issuable therefor, (ii) the purchase price payable therefor upon the exercise of each such Option, (iii) the date on which such Option was granted, (iv) the Option Plan under which such Option was granted and whether such Option is an " incentive stock option" (as defined in Section 422 of the Code) or a nonqualified stock option, (v) for each Option, whether such Option is held by a Person who is not an employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, (vi) the extent to which such Option is vested and exercisable as of the date of this Agreement and the extent of acceleration as a result, either alone, or together with another event or occurrence, of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (vii) the date on which such Option expires. Since May 2, 2008, the Company has not granted or issued any Options or Restricted Stock Units. All of the Options and Restricted Stock Units have been granted solely to employees, consultants (who are individuals) or directors of the Company in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice. All Options and Restricted Stock Units granted under the Option Plans have been granted pursuant to option award agreements in the substantially the form attached as an exhibit to Section 3.3(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. The per Share exercise price of each Option is not (and is not deemed to be) less than the fair market value of a Share as of the date of grant of such Option. All grants of Options were validly issued and properly approved by the Company Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee or subcommittee thereof) in compliance with all applicable Laws and recorded on the Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP, and no such grants involved any " back dating," " forward dating," " spring loading" or similar practices with respect to such grants. Section 3.3(b)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, with respect to each Restricted Stock Unit award outstanding as of July 28, 2008, (i) the number of target Shares subject to the award, (ii) the date on which such Restricted Stock Unit was granted, (iii) the Option Plan under which such Restricted Stock Unit was granted, (iv) for each Restricted Stock Unit award, whether such Restricted Stock Unit is held by a Person who is not an employee of the Company, and (v) the extent to which such Restricted Stock Unit is vested as of the date of this Agreement and the extent of acceleration as a result, either alone, or together with another event or occurrence, of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. All Restricted Stock Unit awards granted under the Option Plans have been granted pursuant to restricted stock unit award agreement(s) in the substantially the form attached as an exhibit to Section 3.3(b)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
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(c) There are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party relating to the voting or disposition of any shares of the capital stock of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries or granting to any person or group of persons the right to elect, or to designate or nominate for election, a director to the board of directors of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(d) All dividends or distributions on securities of the Company or any Company Subsidiary that have been declared or authorized have been paid in full.
Section 3.4 Authorization; Validity of Agreement; Company Action . The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and, subject to the adoption of this Agreement by Company Stockholder Approval (as defined below), to consummate the transactions provided for or contemplated by this Agreement, including, but not limited to, the Merger. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Company Board of Directors, and no other corporate proceeding on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby other than, with respect to the Merger, the approval of the Merger and adoption of this Agreement by the Company Stockholder Approval. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company, and, assuming due and valid authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub, is a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws relating to creditors' rights generally and to general principles of equity.
Section 3.5 Board Approvals . On or prior to the date hereof, the Company Board of Directors, at a meeting duly called and held, has unanimously (i) determined that each of the Agreement and the Merger are advisable and fair to and in the best interests of the stockholders of the Company as of the date hereof, (ii) duly and validly approved, adopted and declared advisable the Merger, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and taken all other corporate action required to be taken by the Company Board of Directors to authorize the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and (iii) resolved to recommend that the stockholders of the Company adopt this Agreement (collectively, the " Company Board Recommendation "), and none of the aforesaid actions by the Company Board of Directors has been amended, rescinded or modified. The action taken by the Company Board of Directors constitutes approval of this Agreement and the Merger by the Company Board of Directors under Section 203 of the DGCL, and no other state takeover statute or similar statute or regulation in any jurisdiction in which the Company or any Company Subsidiary does business is applicable to the Merger, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
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Section 3.6 Required Vote . The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares (the " Company Stockholder Approval ") is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company's capital stock necessary to adopt this Agreement.
Section 3.7 Consents and Approvals; No Violations . None of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company, the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or compliance by the Company with any of the provisions of this Agreement will (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws or similar organizational documents of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, (ii) require any filing by the Company with, or permit, authorization, consent or approval of, any court, arbitral tribunal, administrative agency or commission or other governmental or other regulatory authority or agency, whether local, state, federal or foreign (a " Governmental Entity "), except for (A) compliance with any applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, (B) any filings as may be required under the DGCL in connection with the Merger, (C) the filing with the SEC and the NASDAQ Stock Market of the Proxy Statement and (D) any filings in connection with the applicable requirements of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the " HSR Act ") or under the antitrust or competition Laws of applicable foreign jurisdictions, (iii) result in a violation or breach of or the loss of any benefit under, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration) under, or result in the creation of any Encumbrance on the assets and properties of the Company or any Company Subsidiary under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, lien, indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding or other instrument or obligation (each, a " Contract ") to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or by which any of them or any of their respective properties or assets may be bound or (iv) assuming that all consents, approvals, authorizations and other actions described in subsection (ii) have been obtained and all filings and obligations in subsection (ii) have been made or complied with, conflict with or violate any Law applicable to the Company, any Company Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets, except in the case of clauses (ii) or (iii) where (x) any failure to obtain such permits, authorizations, consents or approvals, (y) any failure to make such filings or (z) any such violations, breaches, defaults or Encumbrances could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.8 Company SEC Documents and Financial Statements .
(a) Since January 1, 2005, the Company has timely filed with or furnished to the SEC all forms, reports, schedules, statements, exhibits, and other documents required by it to be filed under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act (collectively, the " Company SEC Documents "). As of its filing date or, if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the date of the last such amendment, each Company SEC Document complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the Securities Act, as the case may be, and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder. As of its filing date or, if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the date of the last such amendment, each Company SEC Document filed pursuant to the Exchange Act did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each Company SEC Document that is a registration statement, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, filed pursuant to the Securities Act, as of the date such registration statement or amendment became effective prior to the date of this Agreement, did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. None of the Company Subsidiaries is required to file any forms, reports or other documents with the SEC. As of its filing date or, if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the date of the last such amendment, all of the audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC Documents (collectively, the " Financial Statements ") (i) complied in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements and with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (" GAAP ") applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto and except, in the case of the unaudited interim statements, as may be permitted under Form 10-Q of the Exchange Act) and (iii) fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows (subject, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, to normal and recurring year-end adjustments) of the Company and its consolidated Company Subsidiaries as of the times and for the periods referred to therein.
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(b) The Company has heretofore furnished to Parent complete and correct copies of all comment letters from the SEC since January 1, 2005 through the date of this Agreement with respect to any of the Company SEC Documents. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC staff with respect to any of the Company SEC Documents.
(c) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the " Sarbanes-Oxley Act ") and the applicable listing and governance rules and regulations of the NASDAQ Stock Market.
(d) The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) sufficient to provide reasonable assurance (i) that the Company maintains records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect its transactions and dispositions of assets, (ii) that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP, (iii) that receipts and expenditures are executed only in accordance with authorizations of management and the Board of Directors and (iv) regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting and, to the extent required by applicable Law, presented in any applicable Company SEC Document that is a report on Form 10-K or Form 10-Q or any amendment thereto its conclusions about the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by such report or amendment based on such evaluation. The Company has disclosed, based on the most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company's auditors and the audit committee of the Board of Directors (and made available to Parent a summary of the significant aspects of such disclosure) (A) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting that are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information and (B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents, the Company has not identified any material weaknesses in the design or operation of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
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(f) To the knowledge of the Company, there are no SEC inquiries or investigations, other governmental inquiries or investigations or internal investigations pending or threatened in each case regarding any accounting practices of the Company or any malfeasance by any director or executive officer of the Company. Since January 1, 2005 there have been no internal investigations regarding accounting or revenue recognition discussed with, reviewed by or initiated at the direction of the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, general counsel or similar legal officer, the Board or any committee thereof.
(g) Each of the principal executive officer of the Company and the principal financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company, as applicable) has made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to the Company SEC Documents, and the statements contained in such certifications are true and accurate. For purposes of this Agreement, " principal executive officer" and " principal financial officer" shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company does not have, and has not arranged any, outstanding " extensions of credit" to directors or executive officers within the meaning of Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
(h) Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off-balance sheet partnership or any similar contract (including any contract or arrangement relating to any transaction or relationship between or among the Company or any Company Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any unconsolidated affiliate, including any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity or person, on the other hand) or any " off-balance sheet arrangements" (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K of the SEC), where the result, purpose or effect of such contract is to avoid disclosure of any material transaction involving, or material liabilities of, the Company or any Company Subsidiary in the Company's published financial statements or other Company SEC Documents.
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Section 3.9 Absence of Certain Changes . Except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement, since December 31, 2007, (a) each of the Company and each Company Subsidiary has conducted in all material respects its respective business only in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (b) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has (i) suffered any Company Material Adverse Effect or (ii) become aware of any facts or circumstances that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to cause the Company to suffer any Company Material Adverse Effect, and (c) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has taken any action that, if taken after the date of this Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of the covenants set forth in Section 5.1 .
Section 3.10 No Undisclosed Liabilities . Except (a) as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date hereof and (b) for liabilities and obligations (i) incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since December 31, 2007 or (ii) as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has incurred any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether or not accrued, contingent, absolute or otherwise and whether or not required to be reflected in the Financial Statements (or in the notes thereto) in accordance with GAAP.
Section 3.11 Litigation; Orders . There is no suit, claim, action, charge, proceeding, including, without limitation, arbitration proceeding or alternative dispute resolution proceeding, or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against, affecting or naming as a party thereto the Company or any Company Subsidiary that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to (i) have a Company Material Adverse Effect or (ii) materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any Governmental Entity is outstanding against the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to (i) have a Company Material Adverse Effect or (ii) materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement, since January 1, 2005, the Company has not received any written material product liability, manufacturing or design defect, warranty, field repair or other material product-related claims by any third party (whether based on contract or tort and whether relating to personal injury, including death, property damage or economic loss) arising from (A) services rendered by the Company or (B) the sale, distribution or manufacturing of products by the Company.
Section 3.12 Employee Benefit Plans; ERISA .
(a) Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement, there exists no employment, consulting, retention, change in control, severance or termination agreement, arrangement or understanding between the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries and any individual current or former employee, officer or director of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries with respect to which the annual cash, noncontingent payments thereunder exceed $100,000.
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(b) Section 3.12(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a correct and complete list of all (i) " employee pension benefit plans" (as defined in Section 3(2) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (" ERISA ")) (sometimes referred to herein as " Pension Plans "), including any such Pension Plans that are " multiemployer plans" (as such term is defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA) (collectively, the " Multiemployer Pension Plans "), (ii) " employee welfare benefit plans" (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), and (iii) all other benefit plans, policies, programs, agreements or arrangements, including but not limited to, any bonus, deferred compensation, severance pay, retention, change in control, employment, consulting, pension, profit-sharing, retirement, insurance, stock purchase, stock option, incentive or equity compensation or other fringe benefit plan, program, policy, agreement, arrangement or practice maintained, contributed to or required to be contributed to, by the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, for the benefit of any current or former employees, officers, consultants or directors of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries (including individuals who perform or performed services outside of the United States, or with respect to which the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries could reasonably have any liability (collectively, the " Benefit Plans "). The Company has delivered or made available to Parent and Merger Sub correct and complete copies of (i) each Benefit Plan (including all amendments thereto) or written description of each Benefit Plan that is not otherwise in writing, (ii) the three most recent annual reports on Form 5500 and all schedules thereto filed with respect to each Benefit Plan, to the extent applicable, (iii) the most recent summary plan description, summary of material modifications and plan prospectus for each Benefit Plan, to the extent applicable, (iv) each current trust agreement, insurance contract or policy or group annuity contract to the extent applicable, (v) the most recent actuarial report, financial statement or valuation report, to the extent applicable and (vi) a current Internal Revenue Service favorable determination or opinion letter, to the extent applicable.
(c) Each Benefit Plan is and has at all times been operated and administered in accordance with its terms and in compliance in each case in all material respects with applicable Law, including but not limited to ERISA and the Code. Except as set forth on Section 3.12 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Benefit Plan is a " nonqualified deferred compensation plan" subject to Section 409A of the Code. Since January 1, 2005, each Benefit Plan has been administered in good faith compliance with Section 409A of the Code to the extent applicable.
(e) None of the Benefit Plans is, and none of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, nor any trade or business, whether or not incorporated, that, together with the Company would be deemed a " single employer" within the meaning of Section 4001(b) of ERISA or Section 414 of the Code (each, " ERISA Affiliate "), has within the last six (6) years, maintained or had an obligation to contribute to (i) a " single employer plan" (as such term is defined in Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) subject to Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA, (ii) a " multiple employer plan" or " multiple employer welfare arrangement" (as such terms are defined in ERISA) or (iii) a funded welfare benefit plan (as such term is defined in Section 419 of the Code). There are no unpaid contributions due prior to the date of this Agreement with respect to any Benefit Plan that are required to have been made under the terms of such Benefit Plan, any related insurance contract or any applicable Law and all contributions due have been timely made.
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(f) None of the Company, any of the Company Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a " prohibited transaction" (as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code) or any other breach of fiduciary responsibility with respect to any Benefit Plan that reasonably could be expected to subject the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries to any material tax or penalty.
(g) With respect to any Benefit Plan, there is no action, suit, audit, investigation or claim pending, or to the Company's knowledge, threatened or anticipated, other than routine claims for benefits.
(h) None of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries has any obligation to provide any health benefits or other non-pension benefits (whether or not insured) to retired or other former employees, directors or consultants, except as specifically required by Part 6 of Title I of ERISA (" COBRA "), except to the extent the sole cost of which is borne solely by such former employees, directors or consultants.
(i) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, or (except as required by Law) any termination of employment or service (or other event or occurrence) in connection therewith will (i) entitle any current or former employee, director or consultant of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries to any payment or benefit (or result in the funding of any such payment or benefit) or result in any forgiveness of indebtedness with respect to any such persons, (ii) increase the amount of any compensation, severance, equity award or other benefits otherwise payable by the Company or any Company Subsidiary or (iii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, funding or vesting of any compensation, equity award or other benefits.
(j) No amounts payable (individually or collectively and whether in cash, capital stock of the Company or other property) under any of the Benefit Plans or any other contract, agreement or arrangement with respect to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary may have any liability could fail to be deductible for federal income tax purposes by virtue of Section 162(m) or Section 280G of the Code, as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 3.13 Taxes . Except as set forth in Section 3.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule:
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(a) (i) the Company and each of the Company Subsidiaries has duly and timely filed, or will duly and timely file, all Tax Returns required to be filed by it on or before the Closing Date, and each such Tax Return has been, or will be, prepared in compliance with all applicable Laws and is true, correct and complete in all material respects; (ii) the Company and each of the Company Subsidiaries has timely paid (or the Company has timely paid on the Company Subsidiaries' behalf) or will timely pay all Taxes shown as due on such Tax Returns and all other Taxes due and payable prior to the Closing Date (whether or not shown as due on any Tax Return) except such Taxes as are currently being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves, as applicable, have been established in the Company's Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP; (iii) the Financial Statements reflect an adequate reserve for all Taxes payable by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries for all taxable periods and portions thereof through the date of such Financial Statements; and (iv) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has incurred any liability for Taxes subsequent to the date of such most recent Financial Statements other than in the ordinary course of such Company's or Company Subsidiary's business.
(b) (i) no Tax Return of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries is under audit or examination by any Taxing Authority, no written notice of such an audit or examination or any other audit or examination with respect to Taxes has been received by the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, (ii) no deficiencies for Taxes have been claimed, proposed, assessed or threatened in writing against the Company or any Company Subsidiary by any Taxing Authority for which adequate reserves have not been established in the Company's Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP; (iii) there are no liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary except liens relating to current Taxes not yet due and payable; (iv) all Taxes which the Company or any Company Subsidiary are required by Law to withhold or to collect for payment have been duly withheld and collected and any such amounts that are required to be remitted to any Taxing Authority have been duly and timely remitted; (v) none of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries has consented to extend to a date after the Closing Date the time in which any Tax may be assessed or collected by any Taxing Authority; (vi) no claim has been made by any Taxing Authority in a jurisdiction where the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries does not file Tax Returns that the Company or Company Subsidiary is or may be subject to taxation in that jurisdiction, and the Company is not aware of any Tax Return filing requirement that is not being complied with; and (vii) no power of attorney that would be in force after the Closing Date has been granted by the Company or any Company Subsidiaries with respect to Taxes.
(c) Each of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries has made available to Parent and Merger Sub true, correct and complete copies of all federal income Tax Returns, and all other material Tax Returns, examination reports and statements of deficiencies assessed against or agreed to by any of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries that have been filed by any of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries for the taxable years ending December 31, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.
(d) The consolidated federal and state income Tax Returns of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have been filed (but not examined), and the statute of limitations closed, with respect to all taxable years through and including December 31, 2003.
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(e) None of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries (i) is or has ever been a member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which was the Company), (ii) is a party to or bound by any Tax allocation, sharing or indemnification agreement or other similar arrangement with any person other than the Company and the Company Subsidiaries or (iii) has any liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than any of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries) under Treas. Reg. §1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of Law), as a transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise.
(f) Since January 1, 2003, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has constituted a " distributing corporation" or a " controlled corporation" in a distribution of stock purported to or intended to be governed by Section 355 or Section 361 of the Code.
(g) Since January 1, 2003, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has participated in, or is currently participating in, a " reportable transaction" within the meaning of Treas. Reg. § 1.6011-4(b) or any transaction requiring disclosure under a corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Law ( a " Reportable Transaction "), and to the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has ever participated in a Reportable Transaction.
(h) Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is or has been a " United States real property holding corporation" within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.
(i) There are no Tax rulings, requests for rulings, applications for change in accounting methods or closing agreements that could reasonably be expected to affect liabilities for Taxes for any period after the Effective Time.
(j) To the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary will be required to include any item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Effective Time as a result of any intercompany transactions or excess loss account described in Treasury regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law). Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary will be required to include any item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Effective Time as a result of: (i) any installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the date of this Agreement; (ii) any prepaid amount received on or prior to the Effective Time; (iii) Section 481(a) or Section 482 of the Code (or an analogous provision of state, local, or foreign Law), by reason of a change in accounting method or otherwise; or (iv) any other transaction or accounting method that accelerated an item of deduction into periods ending on or before the Effective Time or a transaction or accounting method that deferred an item of income into periods beginning after the Effective Time.
Section 3.14 Material Contracts.
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(a) Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries is, nor, to the Company's knowledge, is any other party, in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any Material Contract to which it is a party, except for such defaults which could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect; and, to the knowledge of the Company, there has not occurred any event that, with the lapse of time or giving of notice or both, could constitute such a default other than such events which could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Material Contracts is in full force and effect and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws relating to creditors' rights generally and to the general principles of equity.
(b) Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list as of the date of this Agreement of (i) all agreements, contracts or letters of intent regarding the acquisition of a person or business, whether in the form of an asset purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise (excluding any such agreement, contract or letter of intent that has closed or expired, unless one or more of the parties thereunder has executory indemnification, earn-out or other liabilities) to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party, (ii) all credit agreements, indentures, and other agreements related to any existing indebtedness or availability for borrowed money of the Company or any Company Subsidiary (or pursuant to which any residual liability remains), (iii) all joint venture or other similar agreements to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party, (iv) all material lease agreements to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party, (v) contracts under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary has advanced or loaned any other person any material amounts, (vi) guarantees of any obligations (other than a guarantee by the Company of a Company Subsidiary's debts or other obligations or a guarantee by a Company Subsidiary of the Company's debts or other obligations or another Company Subsidiary's debts or other obligations), (vii) contracts or groups of related contracts with the same party or group of parties the performance of which involves annual consideration in excess of $200,000 which are not cancelable by the Company on thirty (30) days' or less notice without premium or penalty, (viii) each exclusive sales representative or exclusive distribution contract to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party, (ix) warranty agreements with respect to the Company's or the Company Subsidiaries' services rendered or products sold or leased, other than pursuant to the Company's standard warranty, a true and complete copy of which has heretofore been provided or made available to Parent and Merger Sub, (x) agreements under which the Company has granted any person registration rights (including demand and piggy-back registration rights), which rights are still effective as of the date of this Agreement or still could become effective after the date of this Agreement, (xi) all contracts or agreements purporting to restrict or prohibit the Company or any Company Subsidiary from engaging or competing in any business or engaging or competing in any business in any geographic area, (xii) all employment, consulting, retention, severance, change in control, non-competition, termination or indemnification agreements between the Company or any Company Subsidiary and any director or officer of the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any other employee earning noncontingent cash compensation in excess of $100,000 per year, (xiii) all labor agreements, collective bargaining agreements or other labor related contracts (including work rules and practices) to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party to or otherwise bound by with respect to any labor union, labor organization, trade union or similar organization or association of employees, (xiv) all licenses, consents to use, non-assertion agreements, settlement agreements and coexistence agreements concerning Intellectual Property to which the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries is a party, including agreements pursuant to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary uses software (other than non-customized software subject to customary "shrinkwrap" or "click-through" type contracts) (the " Material Licenses "), (xv) any contract which provides for termination, acceleration of payment or other special rights upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company and (xvi) all other contracts which are material to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries taken as a whole (collectively, the " Material Contracts "). The Company has made available to Parent a correct and complete copy of each agreement listed in Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
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(c) No Material Contract will, by its terms, terminate as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby or require any consent from any party thereto in order to remain in full force and effect immediately after the Effective Time, except for any Material Contracts which, if terminated, could not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Section 3.14(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list, as of the date of this Agreement, of all agreements of the Company or any Company Subsidiary with any executive officer or director of the Company or any other Company Subsidiary. No officer or director of the Company, or any "associate" (as such term is defined in Rule 14a-1 under the Exchange Act) of any such officer or director, has any interest in any contract or property (real or personal, tangible or intangible), used in, or pertaining to the business of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries which interest would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.
Section 3.15 Real and Personal Property .
(a) Each of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries has good and valid title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all its properties and assets, free and clear of all Encumbrances, except for Permitted Encumbrances that could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except for the Permitted Encumbrances, each of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession under all Real Property Leases (as defined below) to which it is a party, except as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary owns any real property.
(c) Section 3.15(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of all real property leased, subleased, licensed or otherwise occupied (whether as tenant, subtenant or pursuant to other occupancy arrangements) by the Company or any Company Subsidiary (collectively, including the improvements thereon, the " Leased Real Property "), and for each Leased Real Property, identifies the street address of such Leased Real Property. True and complete copies of all agreements (and any amendments thereto) under which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is the landlord, sublandlord, tenant, subtenant, or occupant (each a " Real Property Lease ") that have not been terminated or expired as of the date hereof have been made available to Parent. Each Real Property Lease is a valid and binding obligation of the Company or a Subsidiary and is in full force and effect. The Company or the Company Subsidiary which is a party to a Real Property Lease has not received any written notice of any default under such Real Property lease which remains uncured and there is no default under any Real Property Lease either by the Company or the Company Subsidiaries party thereto or, to the Company's knowledge, by any other party thereto, and no event has occurred that, with the lapse of time or the giving of notice or both, would constitute a default by the Company or any Company Subsidiary thereunder, except for such defaults as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
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(d) Except for Permitted Encumbrances, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is a party to any lease, sublease, license or other agreement granting to any third party a right to the use, occupancy or enjoyment of any Owned Real Property or Leased Real Property or any portion thereof.
(e) There are no disputes, oral agreements or forbearance programs in effect with respect to any Real Property Lease.
Section 3.16 Intellectual Property .
(a) Section 3.16 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete list, as of the date of this Agreement, of all:
(i) applications and registrations for Intellectual Property, in each case that are owned by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, including, with respect to each, the title or mark, the application or registration number, the application or registration date and the jurisdiction; and
(ii) material unregistered Intellectual Property owned by the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 3.16(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, and except as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to be material to the Company:
(i) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries own, free and clear of all Encumbrances, or have a valid right to use, all Intellectual Property used in, or necessary for or otherwise material to, the conduct of their business as it is currently conducted and as presently contemplated to be conducted;
(ii) with respect to the applications and registrations for Intellectual Property set forth in Section 3.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (v) the Company or the applicable Company Subsidiary is the sole and exclusive owner of such applications and registrations, (w) the Company or the applicable Company Subsidiary is the record owner of such applications and registrations, (x) such registrations and applications have been duly maintained, are subsisting, valid, in full force and effect, and h | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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