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EXECUTION VERSION
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EXHIBIT 2.1
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
BY AND AMONG
DG FASTCHANNEL,
INC.,
DG ACQUISITION CORP.
VI.
AND
ENLIVEN MARKETING TECHNOLOGIES
CORPORATION
D ATED AS
OF M AY 7, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Article 1. The Merger
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1
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Section 1.1
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The Merger
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1
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Section 1.2
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Effective Time
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1
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Section 1.3
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Effect of the Merger
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2
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Section 1.4
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Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws
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2
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Section 1.5
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Directors and Officers
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2
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Section 1.6
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Tax Consequences
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2
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Article 2. Conversion of Securities; Exchange
of Certificates
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2
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Section 2.1
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Conversion of Securities
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2
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Section 2.2
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Exchange of Certificates
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3
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Section 2.3
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Stock Transfer Books
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6
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Section 2.4
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Stock Options
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6
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Section 2.5
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Warrants
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7
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Article 3. Representations and Warranties of
the Company
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7
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Section 3.1
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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8
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Section 3.2
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Capitalization
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8
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Section 3.3
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Authority
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10
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Section 3.4
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No Conflict
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10
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Section 3.5
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Required Filings and Consents
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11
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Section 3.6
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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11
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Section 3.7
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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12
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Section 3.8
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Internal Controls; Sarbanes-Oxley Act
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13
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Section 3.9
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Disclosure Documents
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14
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Section 3.10
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Books and Records
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14
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Section 3.11
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No Undisclosed Liabilities
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15
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Section 3.12
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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15
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Section 3.13
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Employee Benefit Plans
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15
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Section 3.14
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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17
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Section 3.15
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Contracts; Indebtedness
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19
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Section 3.16
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Litigation
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20
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Section 3.17
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Environmental Matters
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20
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Section 3.18
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Intellectual Property
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21
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Section 3.19
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Tax Matters
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24
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i
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Section 3.20
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Insurance
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26
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Section 3.21
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Properties and Assets
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26
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Section 3.22
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Real Property
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26
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Section 3.23
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Opinion of Financial Advisors
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27
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Section 3.24
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Vote Required
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27
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Section 3.25
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Brokers
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27
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Section 3.26
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Related Party Transactions
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27
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Section 3.27
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No Other Representations or Warranties
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28
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Article 4. Representations and Warranties of
Parent and Merger Sub
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28
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Section 4.1
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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28
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Section 4.2
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Capitalization
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29
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Section 4.3
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Authority
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30
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Section 4.4
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No Conflict
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30
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Section 4.5
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Required Filings and Consents
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31
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Section 4.6
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Permits; Compliance With Law
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31
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Section 4.7
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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32
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Section 4.8
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Internal Controls; Sarbanes-Oxley Act
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33
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Section 4.9
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Disclosure Documents
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34
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Section 4.10
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Books and Records
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34
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Section 4.11
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No Undisclosed Liabilities
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34
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Section 4.12
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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35
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Section 4.13
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Employee Benefit Plans
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35
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Section 4.14
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Labor and Other Employment Matters
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37
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Section 4.15
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Contracts; Indebtedness
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38
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Section 4.16
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Litigation
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39
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Section 4.17
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Environmental Matters
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39
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Section 4.18
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Intellectual Property
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39
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Section 4.19
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Tax Matters
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40
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Section 4.20
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Insurance
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42
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Section 4.21
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Properties and Assets
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42
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Section 4.22
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Real Property
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43
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Section 4.23
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Ownership of Merger Sub; No Prior
Activities
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43
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Section 4.24
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Opinion of Financial Advisor
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44
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Section 4.25
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Brokers
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44
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Section 4.26
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Ownership Of Company Common Stock
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44
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Section 4.27
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Related Party Transactions
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44
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ii
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Section 4.28
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No Other Representations or Warranties
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44
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Article 5. Covenants
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44
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Section 5.1
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Conduct of Business by the Company Pending the
Closing
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44
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Section 5.2
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Conduct of Business by Parent Pending the
Closing
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48
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Section 5.3
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Cooperation
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49
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Section 5.4
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Registration Statement; Proxy
Statement
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50
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Section 5.5
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Stockholders’ Meetings
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51
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Section 5.6
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Access to Information; Confidentiality
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52
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Section 5.7
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No Solicitation of Transactions
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52
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Section 5.8
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Appropriate Action; Consents; Filings
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54
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Section 5.9
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Parent Board
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55
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Section 5.10
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Certain Notices
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55
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Section 5.11
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Public Announcements
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56
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Section 5.12
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NASDAQ Listing
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56
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Section 5.13
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Employee Benefit Matters
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56
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Section 5.14
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Indemnification of Directors and
Officers
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57
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Section 5.15
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Plan of Reorganization
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58
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Section 5.16
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Company Rights Agreement
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58
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Section 5.17
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Delisting
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58
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Article 6. Closing Conditions
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59
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Section 6.1
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Conditions to Obligations of Each Party Under
This Agreement
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59
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Section 6.2
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of Parent
and Merger Sub
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59
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Section 6.3
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Additional Conditions to Obligations of the
Company
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60
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Section 6.4
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Frustration of Closing Conditions
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61
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Article 7. Termination, Amendment and
Waiver
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61
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Section 7.1
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Termination
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61
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Section 7.2
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Effect of Termination
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63
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Section 7.3
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Amendment
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64
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Section 7.4
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Waiver
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64
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Section 7.5
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Fees and Expenses
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65
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Article 8. General Provisions
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65
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Section 8.1
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Non-Survival of Representations, Warranties and
Certain Agreements
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65
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Section 8.2
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Notices
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65
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Section 8.3
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Certain Definitions
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66
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iii
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Section 8.4
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Terms Defined Elsewhere
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71
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Section 8.5
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Headings
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72
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Section 8.6
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Severability
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72
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Section 8.7
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Entire Agreement
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73
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Section 8.8
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Assignment
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73
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Section 8.9
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Parties in Interest
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73
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Section 8.10
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Mutual Drafting
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73
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Section 8.11
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Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of
Trial by Jury
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73
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Section 8.12
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Disclosure
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74
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Section 8.13
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Counterparts
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74
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Section 8.14
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Specific Performance
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74
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iv
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
This
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of May 7, 2008 (this “
Agreement ”), by and among DG FastChannel, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), DG
Acquisition Corp. VI., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned
subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”), and
Enliven Marketing Technologies Corporation, a Delaware corporation
(the “ Company ”). Certain capitalized terms
used herein have the meanings assigned to them in Section
8.3 or elsewhere in this Agreement as described in Section
8.4 .
WHEREAS,
the respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company have approved and declared advisable the merger of Merger
Sub with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”)
upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement and
in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware (the “ DGCL ”);
WHEREAS,
the respective Boards of Directors of Parent and the Company have
determined that the Merger is in furtherance of and consistent with
their respective business strategies and is in the best interest of
their respective stockholders, and Parent has approved this
Agreement and the Merger as the sole stockholder of Merger
Sub;
WHEREAS,
as a condition, and an inducement, to the Company’s
willingness to enter into this Agreement, simultaneously with the
execution of this Agreement, the Parent Principal Stockholders have
executed and delivered to the Company the applicable Support
Agreements; and
WHEREAS,
for federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger
shall qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section
368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“ Code ”), and this Agreement is intended to
constitute a plan of reorganization.
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in
this Agreement and intending to be legally bound hereby, the
parties hereto agree as follows:
Article 1.
The Merger
Section
1.1 The Merger . At the Effective Time, upon the terms
and subject to satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth
in this Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, Merger Sub
shall be merged with and into the Company. As a result of the
Merger, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease
and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation of the
Merger (the “ Surviving Corporation
”).
Section
1.2 Effective Time . On the second (2 nd )
business day after the satisfaction or, if permissible, waiver of
the conditions set forth in Article 6 (other than those conditions
that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Effective Time, but
subject to the satisfaction or waiver of those conditions at such
time), or on such other date as the parties hereto mutually agree,
the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by
filing a certificate of merger (the “ Certificate of
Merger ”) with the Secretary of State of the State
of
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Delaware, in such form as required by, and
executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of, the DGCL
(the date and time of such filing, or if another date and time is
specified in such filing, such specified date and time, being the
“ Effective Time ”).
Section
1.3 Effect of the Merger . At the Effective Time, the
effect of the Merger shall be as provided in the applicable
provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, at the Effective Time, except as otherwise provided
herein, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises
of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving
Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company
and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of
the Surviving Corporation.
Section
1.4 Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws . At the
Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of
the Surviving Corporation shall be amended in their entirety to
contain the provisions set forth in the Certificate of
Incorporation and the Bylaws of Merger Sub, each as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, as the same may be amended
in accordance with Section 5.14.1 hereof.
Section 1.5 Directors and Officers . The directors of
Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the
initial directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office
in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of
the Surviving Corporation. The officers of the Company immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving
Corporation.
Section 1.6 Tax Consequences . It is intended by the
parties hereto that the Merger qualify as a
“reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)
of the Code. The parties hereto adopt this Agreement as a
“plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Treasury
Regulation Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a).
Article 2.
Conversion of Securities; Exchange of Certificates
Section 2.1 Conversion of Securities . At the
Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on
the part of Merger Sub, the Company or the holders of any of the
following securities:
Section
2.1.1 Conversion Generally . Each share of common stock, par
value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“ Company Common
Stock ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than any shares of Company Common Stock to be
canceled pursuant to Section 2.1.2 ), including the
associated rights of the Company (the “ Company Rights
”) pursuant to that certain Amended and Restated Preferred
Shares Rights Agreement, dated as of June 24, 1999, between the
Company and BankBoston, N.A., as Rights Agent, as amended to date
(the “ Company Rights Agreement ”), shall be
converted, subject to Section 2.2.5 , into the right to
receive 0.0510 of a share of common stock, par value $0.001 per
share (“ Parent Common Stock ”), of Parent (the
“ Exchange Ratio ”). All such shares of Company
Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically
be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each
certificate previously representing any such shares
shall
2
thereafter represent the right to receive a
certificate representing the shares of Parent Common Stock into
which such Company Common Stock was converted in the Merger.
Certificates previously representing shares of Company Common Stock
shall be exchanged for certificates representing whole shares of
Parent Common Stock issued in consideration therefor upon the
surrender of such certificates in accordance with the provisions of
Section 2.2 , without interest. No fractional share of
Parent Common Stock shall be issued, and in lieu thereof, a cash
payment shall be made pursuant to Section 2.2.5
hereof.
Section
2.1.2 Cancellation of Certain Shares . Each share of Company
Common Stock held by Parent, Merger Sub, any wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent or Merger Sub, in the treasury of the Company
or by any wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be canceled and extinguished without
any conversion thereof and no payment shall be made with respect
thereto.
Section
2.1.3 Merger Sub . Each share of common stock, par value $0.001
per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be converted into and be exchanged for
one newly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of
common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
Section
2.1.4 Change in Shares . If between the date of this Agreement
and the Effective Time the outstanding shares of Parent Common
Stock or Company Common Stock shall have been changed into a
different number of shares or a different class, by reason of any
stock dividend, subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization,
split, combination or exchange of shares, the Exchange Ratio shall
be correspondingly adjusted to reflect such stock dividend,
subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization, split, combination
or exchange of shares.
Section
2.2 Exchange of Certificates .
Section
2.2.1 Exchange Agent . As of the Effective Time, Parent shall
deposit, or shall cause to be deposited, with a bank or trust
company designated by Parent and reasonably satisfactory to the
Company (the “ Exchange Agent ”), for the
benefit of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock, for
exchange in accordance with this Article 2, through the Exchange
Agent, certificates representing the shares of Parent Common Stock
(such certificates for shares of Parent Common Stock, together with
cash in lieu of fractional shares and any dividends or
distributions with respect thereto, being hereinafter referred to
as the “ Exchange Fund ”) issuable pursuant to
Section 2.1 in exchange for outstanding shares of Company
Common Stock. The Exchange Agent shall, pursuant to irrevocable
instructions, deliver the Parent Common Stock contemplated to be
issued pursuant to Section 2.1 out of the Exchange Fund.
Except as contemplated by Section 2.2.5 hereof, the Exchange
Fund shall not be used for any other purpose.
Section
2.2.2 Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time,
Parent shall instruct the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of
record of a certificate or certificates which immediately prior to
the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock (the “ Certificates ”) (A) a letter of
transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected,
and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only
upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent) and
(B) instructions for use in
3
effecting the surrender of the Certificates in
exchange for certificates representing shares of Parent Common
Stock. Upon surrender of a Certificate for cancellation to the
Exchange Agent together with such letter of transmittal, properly
completed and duly executed, and such other documents as may be
required pursuant to such instructions, the holder of such
Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a
certificate representing that number of whole shares of Parent
Common Stock which such holder has the right to receive in respect
of the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented by such
Certificate (after taking into account all shares of Company Common
Stock then held by such holder), cash in lieu of fractional shares
of Parent Common Stock to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 2.2.5 and any dividends or other distributions to
which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.2.3 ,
and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. No
interest will be paid or accrued on any cash in lieu of fractional
shares or on any unpaid dividends and distributions payable to
holders of Certificates. In the event of a transfer of ownership of
shares of Company Common Stock which is not registered in the
transfer records of the Company, a certificate representing the
proper number of shares of Parent Common Stock may be issued to a
transferee if the Certificate representing such shares of Company
Common Stock is presented to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all
documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and by
evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been paid.
Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2 , each
Certificate shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to
represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the
certificate representing shares of Parent Common Stock, cash in
lieu of any fractional shares of Parent Common Stock to which such
holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.2.5 and any
dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled
pursuant to Section 2.2.3 .
Section
2.2.3 Distributions with Respect to Unexchanged Shares of Parent
Common Stock . No dividends or other distributions declared or
made after the Effective Time with respect to Parent Common Stock
with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the
holder of any unsurrendered Certificate with respect to the shares
of Parent Common Stock represented thereby, and no cash payment in
lieu of fractional shares shall be paid to any such holder pursuant
to Section 2.2.5 , unless and until the holder of such
Certificate shall surrender such Certificate. Subject to the effect
of escheat, tax or other applicable Laws, following surrender of
any such Certificate, there shall be paid to the holder of the
certificates representing whole shares of Parent Common Stock
issued in exchange therefor, without interest, (A) promptly, the
amount of any cash payable with respect to a fractional share of
Parent Common Stock to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 2.2.5 and the amount of dividends or other
distributions with a record date after the Effective Time
theretofore paid with respect to such whole shares of Parent Common
Stock and (B) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of
dividends or other distributions, with a record date after the
Effective Time but prior to surrender and a payment date occurring
after surrender, payable with respect to such whole shares of
Parent Common Stock.
Section
2.2.4 Further Rights in Company Common Stock . All shares of
Parent Common Stock issued upon conversion of the shares of Company
Common Stock in accordance with the terms hereof (including any
cash paid pursuant to Section 2.2.3 or Section 2.2.5
) shall be deemed to have been issued in full satisfaction of all
rights pertaining to such shares of Company Common
Stock.
4
Section
2.2.5 Fractional Shares . No certificates or scrip representing
fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued upon the
surrender for exchange of Certificates, no dividend or distribution
with respect to Parent Common Stock shall be payable on or with
respect to any fractional share and such fractional share interests
will not entitle the owner thereof to any rights of a stockholder
of Parent.
Section
2.2.5.1 As promptly as practicable following the Effective
Time, the Exchange Agent shall determine the difference between (A)
the number of full shares of Parent Common Stock delivered to the
Exchange Agent by Parent pursuant to Section 2.2.1 and (B)
the aggregate number of full shares of Parent Common Stock to be
distributed to holders of Company Common Stock pursuant to
Section 2.2.2 (such difference being the “ Excess
Shares ”). As soon after the Effective Time as
practicable, the Exchange Agent, as agent for such holders of
Parent Common Stock, shall sell the Excess Shares at then
prevailing prices on NASDAQ, all in the manner provided in this
Section 2.2.5 .
Section
2.2.5.2 The sale of the Excess Shares by the Exchange Agent
shall be executed on NASDAQ and shall be executed in round lots to
the extent practicable. Until the net proceeds of any such sale or
sales have been distributed to such holders of Company Common
Stock, the Exchange Agent will hold such proceeds in trust for such
holders of Company Common Stock as part of the Exchange Fund. The
Company shall pay all commissions, transfer taxes and other
out-of-pocket transaction costs of the Exchange Agent incurred in
connection with such sale or sales of Excess Shares. In addition,
the Company shall pay the Exchange Agent’s compensation and
expenses in connection with such sale or sales. The Exchange Agent
shall determine the portion of such net proceeds to which each
holder of Company Common Stock shall be entitled, if any, by
multiplying the amount of the aggregate net proceeds by a fraction,
the numerator of which is the amount of the fractional share
interest to which such holder of Company Common Stock is entitled
(after taking into account all shares of Parent Common Stock to be
issued to such holder) and the denominator of which is the
aggregate amount of fractional share interests to which all holders
of Company Common Stock are entitled.
Section
2.2.5.3 As soon as practicable after the determination of the
amount of cash, if any, to be paid to holders of Company Common
Stock with respect to any fractional share interests, the Exchange
Agent shall promptly pay such amounts to such holders of Company
Common Stock subject to and in accordance with the terms of
Section 2.2.3 .
Section
2.2.6 Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the
Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Company
Common Stock on the date that is six months after the Effective
Time shall be delivered to Parent upon demand, and any holders of
Company Common Stock who have not theretofore complied with this
Article 2 shall thereafter look only to Parent for the shares of
Parent Common Stock, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock to which they are entitled pursuant to
Section 2.2.5 and any dividends or other distributions with
respect to Parent Common Stock to which they are entitled pursuant
to Section 2.2.3 , in each case, without any interest
thereon.
Section
2.2.7 No Liability . Neither Parent nor the Company shall be
liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock for any such
shares of Parent Common
5
Stock (or dividends or distributions with respect
thereto) or cash from the Exchange Fund delivered to a public
official pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or similar
Law.
Section
2.2.8 Lost Certificates . If any Certificate shall have been
lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or
destroyed and, if required by Parent, the posting by such person of
a bond, in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct, as
indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with
respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue in
exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the shares
of Parent Common Stock, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock to which the holders thereof are entitled
pursuant to Section 2.2.5 and any dividends or other
distributions to which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to
Section 2.2.3 , in each case, without any interest
thereon.
Section
2.2.9 Withholding . Parent, the Exchange Agent and the
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from
the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to
any holder of Company Common Stock or Company Rights such amounts
as Parent, the Exchange Agent or the Surviving Corporation are
required to deduct and withhold under the Code, or any provision of
state, local or foreign tax Law, with respect to the making of such
payment. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by Parent, the
Exchange Agent or the Surviving Corporation, such withheld amounts
shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been
paid to the holder of Company Common Stock or Company Rights in
respect of whom such deduction and withholding was made.
Section 2.3 Stock Transfer Books . At the Effective
Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and
thereafter, there shall be no further registration of transfers of
shares of Company Common Stock theretofore outstanding on the
records of the Company. From and after the Effective Time, the
holders of certificates representing shares of Company Common Stock
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to
have any rights with respect to such shares of Company Common Stock
except as otherwise provided herein or by Law. On or after the
Effective Time, any Certificates presented to the Exchange Agent or
Parent for any reason shall be converted into the shares of Parent
Common Stock, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent
Common Stock to which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to
Section 2.2.5 and any dividends or other distributions to
which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to Section
2.2.3 .
Section 2.4 Stock Options .
Section
2.4.1 At the Effective Time, all unexercised and unexpired
options to purchase Company Common Stock (“ Company
Options ”) then outstanding, under any stock option plan
of the Company, including the 1995 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan,
the 1995 Director Option Plan, the 1996 Nonstatutory Stock Option
Plan and the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and any other plan,
agreement or arrangement (the “ Company Stock Option
Plans ”), whether or not then exercisable, will be
assumed by Parent (each, an “ Assumed Company Option
”). Each Assumed Company Option so assumed by Parent under
this Agreement will continue to have, and be subject to, the same
terms and conditions as set forth in the Company Stock Option Plan
applicable to such Assumed Company Option and any agreements
thereunder immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that (A)
each Assumed Company Option will be
6
exercisable (or will become exercisable in
accordance with its terms) for that number of whole shares of
Parent Common Stock equal to the product of the number of shares of
Company Common Stock that were issuable upon exercise of such
Assumed Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time
multiplied by the Exchange Ratio, rounded down to the nearest whole
number of shares of Parent Common Stock and (B) the per share
exercise price for the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of such Assumed Company Option, will be equal to the
quotient determined by dividing the exercise price per share of
Company Common Stock at which such Assumed Company Option was
exercisable immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange
Ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Continuous employment
with the Company or its subsidiaries shall be credited to the
optionee for purposes of determining the vesting of all Assumed
Company Options after the Effective Time. Parent will assume the
Company Stock Option Plans at the Effective Time, provided ,
however , that following the Effective Time, Parent will
issue awards, if any, only under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
The 1995 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, the 1995 Director Option
Plan and the 1996 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan will be assumed
pursuant to the preceding sentence solely for purposes of governing
the Assumed Company Options following the Effective Time that were
previously issued pursuant to the terms of such plans.
Section
2.4.2 If and to the extent necessary or required by the terms
of any Company Stock Option Plan or any Company Option, the Company
shall, prior to the Effective Time, take such actions as the
Company deems necessary (subject to the prior approval of Parent
which shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned)
to give effect to the provisions of this Section 2.4
.
Section 2.5 Warrants . Prior to the Effective Time,
the Company shall take all actions necessary to ensure that from
and after the Effective Time, each unexercised and unexpired
warrant to purchase shares of Company Common Stock (each, a “
Company Warrant ”) which is outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time, whether or not then exercisable, shall
be converted into and become a warrant to purchase shares of Parent
Common Stock (each, a “ Converted Warrant ”) on
terms substantially similar in form and substance to those in
effect immediately prior to the Effective Time under the terms of
each such Company Warrant; provided, however , that, subject
to the terms of the Company Warrants, from and after the Effective
Time, (A) each such Converted Warrant may be exercised solely to
purchase shares of Parent Common Stock, (B) the number of shares of
Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Converted
Warrant shall be equal to the number of shares of Company Common
Stock that were issuable upon exercise under the corresponding
Company Warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time multiplied
by the Exchange Ratio rounded down to the nearest whole number of
shares of Parent Common Stock and (C) the per share exercise price
under such Converted Warrant shall be determined by dividing the
per share exercise price of the corresponding Company Warrant
immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio and
rounded up to the nearest whole cent.
Article 3.
Representations and Warranties of the Company
Except
as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to
Parent and Merger Sub simultaneously with the execution of this
Agreement (the “ Company Disclosure
7
Schedule ”), which identifies items
of disclosure by reference to a particular Section or Subsection of
this Agreement, the Company hereby represents and warrants to
Parent as follows:
Section 3.1 Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries . Except as set forth in Section 3.1.2 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company and each of its
subsidiaries (each a “ Company Subsidiary ”) is
a corporation or other legal entity duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of
its incorporation or organization and has all requisite corporate
or organizational, as the case may be, power and authority to own,
lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its
business as it is now being conducted. The Company and each Company
Subsidiary is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing
in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of
its properties or assets or the conduct of its business requires
such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or
in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and
would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
Section
3.1.1 The Company has delivered or caused to be delivered to
Parent and Merger Sub true and complete copies of the
Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended
(the “ Company Certificate ”) and Bylaws (the
“ Company Bylaws ”) as in effect on the date
hereof. The Company is not in violation of the Company Certificate
or Company Bylaws, and the Company Subsidiaries are not in
violation of their respective organizational or governing
documents. True and complete copies of all minute books of the
Company have been made available by the Company to
Parent.
Section
3.1.2 Section 3.1.2 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of: (A) the Company
Subsidiaries, together with the jurisdiction of organization or
incorporation, as the case may be, of each Company Subsidiary, (B)
the jurisdictions in which the Company and each Company Subsidiary
is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or other legal
entity and (C) the directors and officers of the Company, as of the
date of this Agreement.
Section 3.2 Capitalization .
Section
3.2.1 The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
(A) 150,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, of which, as of the
close of business on May 1, 2008, there were 99,091,039 shares
issued and outstanding (excluding 160,000 shares of Company Common
Stock held in treasury) and (B) 5,000,000 shares of preferred
stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “ Company Preferred
Stock ”), of which no shares are issued and outstanding,
including 75,000 shares of Series A Participating Preferred Stock,
par value $0.001 per share, reserved for issuance in connection
with the exercise of Company Rights issued pursuant to the Company
Rights Agreement. All of the outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully
paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. Since May 1,
2008, the Company has not issued (other than Company Common Stock
issued upon the exercise of Company Options outstanding as of such
date) any shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred
Stock.
Section
3.2.2 As of the close of business on May 1, 2008, the Company
has no shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock
reserved for or
8
otherwise subject to issuance, except for (A)
75,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock reserved for issuance
pursuant to the Company Rights Agreement, (B) 8,915,362 shares of
Company Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to the exercise
of outstanding Company Options under the Company Stock Option Plans
and (C) 9,663,571 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for
issuance pursuant to the exercise of outstanding Company Warrants.
Since May 1, 2008, the Company has not reserved for or otherwise
subject to issuance any shares of Company Common Stock or Company
Preferred Stock. All shares of Company Preferred Stock and Company
Common Stock subject to issuance under the Company Rights
Agreement, the Company Stock Option Plans or the Company Warrants,
as the case may be, upon issuance prior to the Effective Time on
the terms and conditions specified in the instruments pursuant to
which they are issuable, will be duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. Section
3.2.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and
complete list of (i) each holder of Company Options or Company
Warrants, (ii) the number of Company Options or Company Warrants,
as applicable, held by such holder as of the date hereof, (iii) the
number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to each such
Company Option and Company Warrant (i.e., the original amount less
exercises and any cancellations), (iv) the exercise price,
expiration date and vesting schedule of each such Company Option
and Company Warrant, and (v) whether each such Company Option is
intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option”
within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and (vi) whether each
such Company Option is subject to Section 409A of the
Code.
Section
3.2.3 Except for the Company Options, the Company Warrants and
the Company Rights outstanding under the Company Rights Agreement,
there are no options, warrants or other rights, agreements,
arrangements or commitments of any character of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary obligating the Company or any Company Subsidiary
to issue, acquire or sell any Equity Interests of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary. Since the close of business on December 31,
2007, the Company has not issued any shares of its capital stock or
other Equity Interests (other than Company Options issued in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and
shares of Company Common Stock issued upon the exercise of Company
Options).
Section
3.2.4 Except as set forth in Section 3.2.4 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding obligations
of the Company or any Company Subsidiary (A) restricting the
transfer of, (B) affecting the voting rights of, (C) requiring the
repurchase, redemption or disposition of, or containing any right
of first refusal with respect to, (D) requiring the registration
for sale of or (E) granting any preemptive or antidilutive rights
with respect to, any shares of Company Common Stock or other Equity
Interests in the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
Section
3.2.5 The Company or another Company Subsidiary owns, directly
or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital
stock or other Equity Interests of each of the Company
Subsidiaries, free and clear of any liens, and all of such shares
of capital stock or other Equity Interests have been duly
authorized and validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and
free of preemptive rights. Except for Equity Interests in the
Company Subsidiaries and as set forth in Section 3.2.5 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary owns directly or indirectly any Equity Interest
in any person, or has any obligation or has made any commitment to
acquire any such
9
Equity Interest, to provide funds to, or to make
any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or
otherwise) in, any Company Subsidiary or any other person. Since
the close of business on December 31, 2007, no Company Subsidiary
has issued any shares of capital stock or other Equity
Interests.
Section
3.3 Authority .
Section
3.3.1 The Company has all necessary corporate power and
authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and, subject to
obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, to perform its
obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the
transactions contemplated hereby, have been duly and validly
authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no other
corporate proceedings on the part of the Company and no stockholder
votes are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby other than, with respect to
the Merger, the Company Stockholder Approval. This Agreement has
been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the
Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by
Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes a legal, valid and binding
obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability
(A) may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar Laws of
general application affecting or relating to the enforcement of
creditors’ rights generally and (B) is subject to
general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at
Law or in equity.
Section
3.3.2 The Company has taken all appropriate actions so that the
restrictions on business combinations contained in Section 203 of
the DGCL will not apply with respect to or as a result of the
execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Merger, without any further
action on the part of the stockholders or the board of directors of
the Company (the “ Company Board ”). True and
complete copies of all Company Board resolutions reflecting such
actions have been previously provided to Parent. No other state
takeover statute or similar statute or regulation applies or
purports to apply to the Merger or any other transaction
contemplated by this Agreement.
Section
3.3.3 The Company Rights Agreement has been amended so that:
(A) Parent, Merger Sub and each Parent Subsidiary are exempt from
the definition of “Acquiring Person” contained in the
Company Rights Agreement, and no “Shares Acquisition
Date” or “Distribution Date” or “Triggering
Event” (as such terms are defined in the Company Rights
Agreement) will occur as a result of the execution of this
Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby, including the Merger, and (B) the Company Rights Agreement
will terminate and the Company Rights will expire immediately prior
to the Effective Time. The Company Rights Agreement, as so amended,
has not been further amended or modified. The Company has
previously provided a true and complete copy of the Company Rights
Agreement and all amendments thereto to Parent and the Merger
Sub.
Section 3.4 No Conflict . None of the execution,
delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company, the
consummation by the Company of the Merger or any other transaction
contemplated by this Agreement, or the Company’s compliance
with any of the
10
provisions of this Agreement will (with or
without notice or lapse of time, or both): (A) subject to obtaining
the Company Stockholder Approval, conflict with or violate any
provision of the Company Certificate or Company Bylaws or any
equivalent organizational or governing documents of any Company
Subsidiary; (B) assuming that all consents, approvals,
authorizations and permits described in Section 3.5
have been obtained and all filings and notifications described in
Section 3.5 have been made and any waiting periods
thereunder have terminated or expired, conflict with or violate any
Law applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of
their respective properties or assets or (C) except as set forth in
Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, require any
consent or approval under, violate, conflict with, result in any
breach of or any loss of any benefit under, or constitute a change
of control or default under, or result in termination or give to
others any right of termination, vesting, amendment, acceleration
or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien upon any of
the respective properties or assets of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary pursuant to, any contract, Company Permit or other
instrument or obligation to which the Company or any Company
Subsidiary is a party or by which they or any of their respective
properties or assets may be bound or affected.
Section 3.5 Required Filings and Consents . None of
the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the
Company, the consummation by the Company of the Merger or any other
transaction contemplated by this Agreement, or the Company’s
compliance with any of the provisions of this Agreement will
require (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) any
consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing or
registration with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or
any other person, other than (A) the filing and recordation of the
Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL, (B) the Company
Stockholder Approval, (C) filings required under, and compliance
with any applicable requirements of, the HSR Act, (D) compliance
with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, (E)
compliance with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act,
(F) compliance with any applicable foreign or state securities or
Blue Sky Laws, (G) filings with the SEC as may be required by the
Company in connection with this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, (H) such filings as may be required under the
rules and regulations of NASDAQ, and (I) where the failure to
obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits of, or
to make such filings, registrations with or notifications to any
Governmental Entity or any other person, individually or in the
aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have
a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.6 Permits; Compliance With Law .
Section
3.6.1 The Company and each Company Subsidiary holds all
authorizations, licenses, permits, certificates, variances,
exemptions, approvals, orders, registrations and clearances of any
Governmental Entity necessary for the Company and each Company
Subsidiary to own, lease and operate its properties and assets, and
to carry on and operate its businesses as currently conducted (the
“ Company Permits ”), except where the failure
to have any Company Permits, individually or in the aggregate, has
not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect. Section 3.6.1(a) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete list of all
material Company Permits. Except as set forth in Section
3.6.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company and
each Company Subsidiary is in compliance with the terms of the
Company
11
Permits, and all of the Company Permits are valid
and in full force and effect, except where the failure to be in
compliance with any Company Permits, or the failure of any Company
Permits to be valid or in full force and effect, individually or in
the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect. No suspension,
modification, revocation or cancellation of any of the Company
Permits is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened,
nor do reasonable grounds exist for any such action.
Section
3.6.2 Except as set forth on Section 3.6.2 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any Company
Subsidiary is or since January 1, 2006 has been in conflict with,
default under or violation of, or is being or since January 1, 2006
has been investigated for, or charged by any Governmental Entity
with a violation of, any Law applicable to the Company or any
Company Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company
or any Company Subsidiary is bound or affected, except for any
conflicts, defaults, violations, investigations or charges that,
individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
No investigation or review by any Governmental Entity with respect
to the Company or any Company Subsidiary is pending or, to the
Company’s knowledge, threatened, nor has any Governmental
Entity indicated an intention to conduct any such investigation or
review, except for such investigations or reviews, the outcomes of
which, if determined adversely to the Company or any Company
Subsidiary, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and
would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
Section
3.7 SEC Filings; Financial Statements .
Section
3.7.1 Except as set forth in Section 3.7.1 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, since January 1, 2005, the Company has
timely filed or otherwise furnished (as applicable) all
registration statements, prospectuses, forms, reports, definitive
proxy statements, schedules, statements and documents required to
be filed or furnished by it under the Securities Act or the
Exchange Act, as the case may be, together with all certifications
required pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “
Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”) (such documents and any other
documents filed by the Company or any Company Subsidiary with the
SEC, as have been supplemented, modified or amended since the time
of filing, collectively, the “ Company SEC Documents
”). As of their respective filing dates the Company SEC
Documents (i) did not (or with respect to Company SEC Documents
filed after the date hereof, will not) contain any untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not misleading and (ii) complied in all material respects with the
applicable requirements of the Exchange Act or the Securities Act,
as the case may be, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the applicable rules
and regulations of the SEC thereunder. None of the Company
Subsidiaries is currently required to file any forms, reports or
other documents with the SEC. To the knowledge of the Company, none
of the Company SEC Documents is the subject of ongoing SEC review
or outstanding SEC comment. All of the audited consolidated
financial statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial
statements of the Company and the consolidated Company Subsidiaries
included in the Company SEC Documents (collectively, the “
Company Financial Statements ”) (A) have been or will
be, as the case may be, prepared from, are in accordance with, and
accurately reflect the books and records of the Company and the
consolidated Company Subsidiaries in all material respects, (B)
have been or will be, as the
12
case may be, prepared in accordance with GAAP
applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except
as may be indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of interim
financial statements, for normal and recurring year-end adjustments
and as may be permitted by the SEC on Form 10-Q, Form 8-K or any
successor or like form under the Exchange Act) and (C) fairly
present in all material respects the consolidated financial
position and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and
changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company and the
consolidated Company Subsidiaries as of the dates and for the
periods referred to therein.
Section
3.7.2 Without limiting the generality of this Section
3.7 , (A) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has not resigned or been
dismissed as independent public accountant of the Company as a
result of or in connection with any disagreement with the Company
on a matter of accounting principles or practices, financial
statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, (B) no
executive officer of the Company has failed in any respect to make,
without qualification, the certifications required of him or her
under Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to
any form, report or schedule filed by the Company with the SEC
since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and (C) no
enforcement action has been initiated or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened against the Company by the SEC relating to
disclosures contained in any Company SEC Document.
Section
3.7.3 The Company has previously provided to Parent a complete
and correct copy of any amendment or modification which has not yet
been filed with the SEC to any agreement, document or other
instrument which previously had been filed by the Company with the
SEC pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
Section
3.8 Internal Controls; Sarbanes-Oxley Act .
Section
3.8.1 The Company has designed and maintains a system of
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) sufficient to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting for the Company and the Company Subsidiaries. The Company
(i) has designed and maintains disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act) to ensure that material information required to be
disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules
and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the
Company’s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure and (ii) has disclosed to the
Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company
Board (and made summaries of such disclosures available to Parent)
(A) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in
the design or operation of internal controls over financial
reporting that are reasonably likely to adversely affect in any
material respect the Company’s ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information and (B) any fraud,
whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal controls over financial reporting. For purposes of this
Agreement, the terms “significant deficiency” and
“material weakness” shall have the meanings assigned to
them by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in Auditing
Standard No. 5, as in effect on the date hereof. The Company is in
compliance in all material respects with all effective provisions
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
13
Section
3.8.2 Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary nor, to
the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, auditor,
accountant or representative of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary has received or otherwise had or obtained knowledge of
any substantive complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether
written or oral, that the Company or any Company Subsidiary has
engaged in questionable accounting or auditing practices. No
current or former attorney representing the Company or any Company
Subsidiary has reported evidence of a material violation of
securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by
the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or any of their respective
officers, directors, employees or agents, to the current Company
Board or any committee thereof or to any current director or
executive officer of the Company.
Section
3.9 Disclosure Documents .
Section
3.9.1 The Proxy Statement and any Other Filings, and any
amendments or supplements thereto, at (A) the time the Registration
Statement is declared effective, (B) the time the Proxy Statement
(or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto) is first mailed to
the stockholders of the Company, (C) if applicable, the time the
Proxy Statement (or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto) is
first mailed to stockholders of Parent, (D) the time of the Company
Stockholders’ Meeting, (E) the time of the Parent
Stockholders’ Meeting, and (F) the Effective Time, will
comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and other
applicable Laws.
Section
3.9.2 The Proxy Statement and any Other Filings, and any
amendments or supplements thereto, do not, and will not, at (A) the
time the Registration Statement is declared effective, (B) the time
the Proxy Statement (or any amendment thereof or supplement
thereto) is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company, (C)
the time the Proxy Statement (or any amendment thereof or
supplement thereto) is first mailed to stockholders of Parent, (D)
the time of the Company Stockholders’ Meeting, (E) the time
of the Parent Stockholders’ Meeting, and (F) the Effective
Time, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The
representations and warranties contained in this Section
3.9.2 will not apply to statements or omissions included in the
Proxy Statement or any Other Filings based upon information
furnished in writing to the Company by Parent or Merger Sub
specifically for use therein.
Section 3.10 Books and Records . The books and
records of the Company and each Company Subsidiary have been, and
are being, fully, properly and accurately maintained in all
material respects in accordance with GAAP (to the extent
applicable) and any other applicable legal and accounting
requirements and reflect only actual transactions. The minute books
of the Company and each Company Subsidiary, all of which have been
made available by the Company to Parent, contain materially
complete and correct records of all meetings and other corporate
actions held or taken since January 1, 2005 of their respective
stockholders (or equivalent) and boards of directors (or
equivalent), including committees of their respective boards of
directors (or equivalent).
14
Section 3.11 No Undisclosed Liabilities . Except for
those liabilities and obligations (A) reflected or reserved against
in the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of
December 31, 2007 or in the notes thereto, (B) incurred in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since
December 31, 2007, which, individually or in the aggregate, have
not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect, or (C) incurred under this Agreement or in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the
Company nor any Company Subsidiary has incurred any liabilities or
obligations of any nature, whether or not accrued, absolute,
determined, determinable, fixed or contingent which would be
required to be reflected or reserved against on a balance sheet
under GAAP.
Section 3.12 Absence of Certain Changes or Events
.
Section
3.12.1 Since December 31, 2007, the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in all
material respects in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice.
Section
3.12.2 Since December 31, 2007, there has not been any Company
Material Adverse Effect or any change, event, development,
condition, occurrence or effect that, individually or in the
aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section
3.12.3 Except as set forth in Section 3.12.3 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, there has not been any action taken by
the Company or any Company Subsidiary from December 31, 2007
through the date of this Agreement that, if taken during the period
from the date of this Agreement through the Effective Time, would
constitute a breach of Section 5.1 .
Section
3.13 Employee Benefit Plans .
Section
3.13.1 List of Plans. Section 3.13.1 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete list of each
“employee benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(3) of
ERISA (whether or not subject to ERISA), and any other material
plan, policy, program practice, agreement, understanding or
arrangement providing compensation or other benefits to any current
or former director, officer, employee or consultant (or to any
dependent or beneficiary thereof) of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary, which are maintained, sponsored or contributed to by
the Company or any Company Subsidiary, and under which the Company
or any Company Subsidiary may have any obligation or liability,
whether actual or contingent, including, without limitation, all
incentive, bonus, retention, employment, severance, deferred
compensation, vacation, holiday, cafeteria, medical, disability,
stock purchase, stock option, stock appreciation, phantom stock,
restricted stock or other stock-based compensation plans, policies,
programs, practices or arrangements (each a “ Company
Benefit Plan ”). Except as set forth in Section
3.13.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Company Benefit
Plan covers any employee, officer, director or consultant employed
or providing services outside the United States.
15
Section
3.13.2 Deliveries . With respect to each Company Benefit Plan
the Company has delivered or made available, to the extent
requested, to Parent complete copies of (A) each Company Benefit
Plan (or, if not written a written summary of its material terms),
including all plan documents, trust agreements, insurance contracts
or other funding vehicles and all amendments thereto, (B) the most
recent summaries and summary plan descriptions, including any
summary of material modifications (C) the most recent annual
reports (Form 5500 series) filed with the IRS with respect to such
Company Benefit Plan (and, if the most recent annual report is a
Form 5500R, the most recent Form 5500C filed with respect to such
Company Benefit Plan), (D) the most recent actuarial report or
other financial statement relating to such Company Benefit Plan,
(E) the most recent determination or opinion letter, if any, issued
by the IRS with respect to any Company Benefit Plan and any pending
request for such a determination letter, (F) the most recent
nondiscrimination tests performed under the Code (including 401(k)
and 401(m) tests) for each Company Benefit Plan, (G) all filings
under the Voluntary Compliance Resolution or Closing Agreement
Program or the Department of Labor Delinquent Filer Program or any
similar program.
Section
3.13.3 General Compliance . Each Company Benefit Plan has been
administered in all material respects in accordance with its terms
and all applicable laws, including ERISA and the Code, and
contributions required to be made under the terms of any of the
Company Benefit Plans as of the date of this Agreement have been
timely made, in all material respects, or, if not yet due, have
been properly reflected on the most recent consolidated balance
sheet filed or incorporated by reference in the Company Financial
Statements prior to the date of this Agreement. With respect to the
Company Benefit Plans, no event has occurred and, to the knowledge
of the Company, there exists no condition or set of circumstances
in connection with which the Company or any Company Subsidiary
could be subject to any material liability (other than for routine
benefit liabilities) under the terms of, or with respect to, such
Company Benefit Plans, ERISA, the Code or any other applicable
Law.
Section
3.13.4 Tax Qualification of Plans . Each Company Benefit Plan
which is intended to qualify under Section 401(a), Section 401(k),
Section 401(m) or Section 4975(e)(6) of the Code either (A) has
received a favorable determination letter from the IRS as to its
qualified status, (B) may rely upon a prototype opinion letter or
(C) the remedial amendment period for such Company Benefit Plan has
not yet expired, and to the knowledge of the Company no fact or
event has occurred that could adversely affect the qualified status
of any such Company Benefit Plan or the exempt status of any trust
established in connection with any Company Benefit Plan which is
intended to be exempt from federal income taxation under Section
501(a) of the Code.
Section
3.13.5 Prohibited Transactions, Legal Actions, Ability to Amend,
and Deductibility . Except as would not reasonably be expected
to result in material liability to the Company, (A) there has been
no prohibited transaction (within the meaning of Section 406 of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and other than a transaction that
is exempt under a statutory or administrative exemption) with
respect to any Company Benefit Plan that could result in liability
to the Company or any ERISA Affiliate, (B) each Company Benefit
Plan can be amended, terminated or otherwise discontinued after the
Effective Time in accordance with its terms, without liability
(other than (i) liability for ordinary administrative expenses
typically
16
incurred in a termination event or (ii) if the
Company Benefit Plan is a pension benefit plan subject to Part 2 of
Title I of ERISA, liability for the accrued benefits as of the date
of such termination (if and to the extent required by ERISA) to the
extent that either (x) there are sufficient assets set aside in a
trust or insurance contract to satisfy such liability or (y) such
liability is reflected on the most recent balance sheet included in
the Company Financial Statements prior to the date of this
Agreement), (C) no suit, administrative proceeding, action or other
litigation has been brought, or to the knowledge of the Company is
threatened, against or with respect to any such Company Benefit
Plan, including any audit or inquiry by the IRS or United States
Department of Labor (other than routine benefits claims), (D)
neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has any liability under
ERISA Section 502, (E) all contributions and payments to such
Company Benefit Plan are deductible under Code Sections 162 or 404,
(F) no amount is subject to Tax as unrelated business taxable
income under Section 511 of the Code, and (G) no excise tax could
be imposed upon the Company under Chapter 43 of the
Code.
Section
3.13.6 Title IV of ERISA . To the knowledge of the Company, (A)
no Company Benefit Plan is a multiemployer pension plan (as defined
in Section 3(37) of ERISA) (“ Multiemployer Plan
”) or other pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA and
neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has sponsored or
contributed to or been required to contribute to a Multiemployer
Plan or other pension plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, (B) no
material liability under Title IV of ERISA has been incurred by the
Company or any Company Subsidiary that has not been satisfied in
full, and no condition exists that presents a material risk to the
Company or any Company Subsidiary of incurring or being subject
(whether primarily, jointly or secondarily) to a material liability
thereunder, (C) none of the assets of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary is, or may reasonably be expected to become, the subject
of any lien arising under ERISA or Section 412(n) of the
Code.
Section
3.13.7 Change in Control . Except as set forth in Section
3.13.7 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no amount that could
be received (whether in cash or property or the vesting of
property), by any employee, officer or director of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary who is a “disqualified
individual” (as such term is defined in proposed Treasury
Regulation Section 1.280G-1) under any Company Benefit Plan would
reasonably be expected to be characterized as an “excess
parachute payment” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(1) of the
Code) as a result of the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
Section
3.13.8 Retiree Health/COBRA . Except as required by Law or as
set forth in Section 3.13.8 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, no Company Benefit Plan provides any retiree or
post-employment medical, disability or life insurance benefits to
any person.
Section 3.14 Labor and Other Employment Matters
.
Section
3.14.1 The Company and each Company Subsidiary is in material
compliance with all applicable Laws respecting labor, employment,
immigration, fair employment practices, terms and conditions of
employment, workers’ compensation, occupational safety, plant
closings, compensation and benefits, and wages and hours. Neither
the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is, or has been within the
past five years, a party to
17
any collective bargaining or labor agreement.
Except as has not had and would not reasonably be expected to
result in, individually or in the aggregate, material liability to
the Company or any Company Subsidiary, neither the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary has engaged in any unfair labor practice and
there are no complaints against the Company or any Company
Subsidiary pending before the National Labor Relations Board or any
similar state, local or foreign labor agency by or on behalf of any
employee of the Company or any Company Subsidiary. There are no
representation questions, arbitration proceedings, labor strikes,
slow downs or stoppages, grievances or other labor disputes pending
or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened with respect to
the employees of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, and during
the past five years, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary
has experienced any strike, work stoppage, lock-up, slow-down or
other material labor dispute or any attempt by organized labor to
cause the Company or any Company Subsidiary to comply with or
conform to demands of organized labor relating to its employees or
recognize any union or collective bargaining units. None of Company
or any Company Subsidiary is liable for any payment to any trust or
other fund or to any Governmental Entity, with respect to
unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other
benefits or obligations for employees (other than routine payments
to be made in the normal course of business and consistent with
past practice).
Section
3.14.2 The Company has identified in
Section 3.14.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
and has made available to Parent true and complete copies of (A)
all severance and employment agreements with directors, officers or
employees of or consultants or independent contractors to the
Company or any Company Subsidiary; (B) all severance programs and
policies of the Company and each Company Subsidiary with or
relating to its employees; and (C) all plans, programs, agreements
and other arrangements of the Company and each Company Subsidiary
with or relating to its directors, officers, employees, consultants
or independent contractors which contain change in control
provisions. Section 3.14.2(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule lists each employee and consultant of the Company and each
Company Subsidiary as of the date hereof (including title, position
and date of hire or engagement), and lists each such
individual’s compensation (including base salary, wages, rate
of pay, bonus, incentive compensation and employee
benefits).
Section
3.14.3 Except as set forth in Section 3.14.3 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby (either alone or in conjunction with any other
event, such as termination of employment) will (A) result in,
directly or indirectly, any payment (including, without limitation,
severance, unemployment compensation, parachute or otherwise)
becoming due to any current or former director or employee of the
Company or any Company Subsidiary or affiliate, from the Company or
any Company Subsidiary or affiliate under any Company Benefit Plan
or otherwise, (B) significantly increase any benefits otherwise
payable under any Company Benefit Plan or (C) result in any
acceleration of the time of payment or vesting of any material
benefits.
Section
3.14.4 Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has
effectuated, within the past two years, a plant closing or mass
layoff, as defined in the Worker Adjustment and Retraining
Notification Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 2101, et. seq. ,
affecting any one or more sites of employment or one or more
facilities or operating units within any site of employment or
facility of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
18
Section 3.15 Contracts; Indebtedness .
Section 3.15.1 Except for contracts filed in unredacted form
as exhibits to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K/A for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on
April 29, 2008, Section 3.15.1 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of each contract to
which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or which
binds or affects their respective properties or assets, and which
falls within any of the following categories: (A) any agreement
that limits the freedom of the Company, any Company Subsidiary or
any of the Company’s current or future affiliates to compete
in any line of business or sell, supply or distribute any product
or service, in each case, in any geographic area, or to hire any
individual or group of individuals; (B) any agreement that, after
the Effective Time, would have the effect of limiting the freedom
of Parent or any Parent Subsidiary or current or future affiliates
to compete in any line of business or sell, supply or distribute
any product or service, in each case, in any geographic area, or to
hire any individual or group of individuals; (C) any joint venture
or partnership agreement; (D) any agreement with a supplier or a
customer providing for annual payments or receipts in excess of
$200,000 with a term in excess of one year; (E) any agreement that
involves future expenditures or receipts by the Company or any
Company Subsidiary of more than $200,000 in any one year period
that cannot be terminated on less than 90 days notice without
material payment or penalty; (F) any agreement that by its terms
limits the payment of dividends or other distributions by the
Company or any Company Subsidiary; (G) any agreement that grants
any right of first refusal or right of first offer or similar right
or that limits or purports to limit the ability of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary to own, operate, sell, transfer, pledge or
otherwise dispose of any material amount of assets or businesses;
(H) any acquisition agreement with a purchase price in excess of
$500,000 or that contains “earn-out” provisions or
other contingent payment obligations; (I) any divestiture agreement
with a purchase price in excess of $250,000 or that contains
ongoing indemnification obligations or other material obligations;
(J) any agreement or plan that will increase, or accelerate the
vesting of, the benefits to any party by the occurrence of any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or will calculate
the value of any of the benefits to any party on the basis of any
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (K) any
agreement relating to indebtedness for borrowed money or any
financial guaranty in excess of $200,000 individually; (L) any
material lease, sublease or other contract with respect to the
Leased Real Property; (M) any material license or contract relating
to the Material Intellectual Property; (N) any other
“material contract” (as such term is defined in Item
601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K of the SEC); or (O) any other
agreement which would prohibit or materially delay the consummation
of the Merger or any other transaction contemplated by this
Agreement. Each contract of the type described in this Section
3.15.1 is referred to herein as a “ Company Material
Contract .” True and complete copies of each Company
Material Contract have been provided by the Company to Parent, or
publicly filed with the SEC.
Section 3.15.2 Except as has not had and would not
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) each Company Material Contract
is a valid, binding and enforceable obligation of the Company or
the Company Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Company, of
the other party or parties thereto, in accordance with its terms;
(B) each Company Material Contract is in full force and effect and,
upon consummation of the Merger, shall continue to be in full force
and effect without penalty, acceleration, termination, repurchase
right or other adverse consequence; (C)
19
the Company and each Company Subsidiary has in
all material respects performed all obligations required to be
performed by it under each Company Material Contract and, to the
knowledge of the Company, each other party to each Company Material
Contract has in all material respects performed all obligations
required to be performed by it under such Company Material
Contract; (D) none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary knows
of, or has received notice of, any violation or default under (nor
does there exist any condition which upon the passage of time or
the giving of notice or both would cause such a violation of or
default under) any Company Material Contract or any other contract
to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties or
assets is bound or affected; and (E) neither the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary has received any notice from any other party to
any such Company Material Contract, and otherwise has no knowledge,
that such party intends to terminate, or not renew, any such
Company Material Contract. There are no material payment
obligations that are owing and past due under the Company Material
Contracts.
Section 3.16 Litigation .
Section
3.16.1 Except as set forth in Section 3.16 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no suit, claim, action,
proceeding, hearing, notice of violation, investigation,
arbitration or demand letter pending or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any Company
Subsidiary (including by virtue of indemnification or otherwise) or
their respective assets or properties, or any executive officer or
director of the Company or any Company Subsidiary that,
individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the
Company or any Company Subsidiary has had or would reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, challenges the
validity or propriety of the Merger, or otherwise seeks to prevent
or materially delay consummation of the Merger or performance by
the Company of any of its material obligations under this
Agreement. The Company has delivered to Parent all correspondence
with the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Department for the past
three years and Section 3.16 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth the current status of the Company’s
delisting notice from NASDAQ.
Section 3.16.2 Neither the Company nor any Company
Subsidiary is subject to any outstanding order, writ, injunction,
judgment, decree or arbitration ruling, award or other finding
that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably
be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.17 Environmental Matters . Except as has
not had and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) the
Company and each Company Subsidiary is now and has been in
compliance with all Environmental Laws; (B) there has been no
release, spill, discharge, treatment, storage or disposal of any
Hazardous Materials either by the Company or any Company
Subsidiary, or on any real property currently owned or operated by
the Company or any Company Subsidiary, except in compliance with
Environmental Law and in quantities or locations that would not
reasonably be expected to impose a requirement on the Company or
any Company Subsidiary for investigation, remediation or cleanup
pursuant to Environmental Law; and (C) neither the Company nor any
of the Company Subsidiaries are or have been subject to, or are
aware of any information which would reasonably be expected to form
the basis of, any lawsuits, actions, proceedings, claims, notices
of violation, requests for information or complaints against
the
20
Company or any Company Subsidiary regarding (i)
any release or threatened release of, or exposure to, Hazardous
Materials, or (ii) any violation of, or non-compliance with, any
Environmental Law. This Section 3.17 contains the sole and
exclusive representations and warranties of the Company and each
Company Subsidiary with respect to environmental, health and safety
matters, including any matters arising under Environmental Laws or
relating to Hazardous Materials.
Section 3.18 Intellectual Property .
Section 3.18.1 General . Section 3.18.1 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth with respect to the
Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company and each Company
Subsidiary: (A) for each patent and patent application, the patent
number or application serial number for each jurisdiction in which
the patent or application has been filed and the date filed or
issued; (B) for each registered trademark, tradename or service
mark, the application serial number or registration number, for
each country, province and state, (C) for any URL or domain name,
the registration date, any renewal date and name of registry; and
(D) for each registered copyrighted work, the number and date of
registration for each country, province and state, in which a
copyright application has been registered. True and complete copies
of all licenses granting Intellectual Property Rights to the
Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries applicable to the
Company’s or the Company Subsidiaries’ products,
technology and business have been made available, other than
standard, off-the-shelf software commercially available on standard
terms from third-party vendors (e.g., Microsoft
Windows).
Section 3.18.2 Sufficiency . All of the material
Intellectual Property Rights owned or licensed by the Company and
each Company Subsidiary are collectively referred to herein as the
“ Material Intellectual Property .” The Material
Intellectual Property constitutes all Intellectual Property Rights
necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries as presently conducted, except as has not had
and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect or that would
materially limit or restrict the ability of the Company or the
Company Subsidiaries to use, exploit, assert or enforce any of the
Material Intellectual Property anywhere in the world.
Section 3.18.3 Ownership . Except as set forth in Section
3.18.3 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company or one
of the Company Subsidiaries owns all the rights, title and interest
in and to the Material Intellectual Property, free and clear of
liens (other than Permitted Liens), or has a valid and enforceable
right or license to use the Material Intellectual Property used in
the conduct of the business of the Company or the Company
Subsidiaries. Such licensed Material Intellectual Property will not
cease to be valid and enforceable rights of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary by reason of the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby, except where the failure to hold
such right, title and interest, or to have a valid and enforceable
right or license to use, or the effect thereon of this Agreement,
individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or
that would materially limit or restrict the ability of the Company
or the Company Subsidiaries to use, exploit, assert or enforce any
of the Material Intellectual Property anywhere in the world.
Without limiting the foregoing, the owned Material
Intellectual
21
Property has been: (A) developed by employees of
the Company or a Company Subsidiary, as the case may be, within the
scope of their employment; (B) developed by independent contractors
who have assigned their rights to the Company or a Company
Subsidiary pursuant to enforceable written agreements; or (C)
otherwise acquired by the Company or a Company Subsidiary from a
third party who assigned all Intellectual Property Rights and
technology it has developed to the Company or such Company
Subsidiary, except as has not had and would not reasonably be
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company
Material Adverse Effect or that would materially limit or restrict
the ability of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries to use,
exploit, assert or enforce any of the Material Intellectual
Property anywhere in the world.
Section 3.18.4 Absence of Claims; Non-infringement . Except
as has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect
or that would materially limit or restrict the ability of the
Company or the Company Subsidiaries to use, exploit, assert or
enforce any of the Material Intellectual Property anywhere in the
world, and except as set forth in Section 3.18.4 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule: (A) no proceedings, claims, or actions
have been instituted or are pending against the Company or any
Company Subsidiary, or, to the knowledge of the Company, are
threatened, that challenge the right of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary with respect to the use or ownership of the Material
Intellectual Property; (B) no interference, opposition, reissue,
reexamination, or other proceeding is or has been pending or, to
the knowledge of the Company, threatened, in which the scope,
validity, or enforceability of any of the Material Intellectual
Property is being, has been, or could reasonably be expected to be
contested or challenged; (C) to the knowledge of the Company,
neither the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s past
nor present use of the Material Intellectual Property infringes
upon or misappropriates, breaches or otherwise conflicts with the
rights of any other person anywhere in the world; (D) the Company
has not received any notice alleging, and otherwise has no
knowledge of any claim of invalidity or unenforceability of, or
limitation on the Company’s or any Company Subsidiary’s
right to use, any of the Material Intellectual Property, or the
alleged infringement, misappropriation or breach of any rights of
others by the Company or any Company Subsidiary; (E) no person has
notified the Company that it is claiming any ownership of or right
to use any Material Intellectual Property; (F) the Material
Intellectual Property is not subject to any outstanding judgment,
decree, order, writ, award, injunction or determination of an
arbitrator or court or other Governmental Entity affecting the
rights of the Company or any Company Subsidiary with respect
thereto; and (G) to the knowledge of the Company, no person has
interfered with, infringed upon or misappropriated any of the
Material Intellectual Property, or is currently doing
so.
Section 3.18.5 Licenses to Third Parties . Section
3.18.5 of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all contracts
pursuant to which any person has been granted any license under, or
otherwise has received or acquired any right (whether or not
currently exercisable) or interest in, the Material Intellectual
Property or containing any covenant or other provision that
materially limits or restricts the ability of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary to use, exploit, assert, or enforce any of the
Material Intellectual Property anywhere in the world. Neither the
Company nor any Company Subsidiary is bound by any agreement to
indemnify any other person for Intellectual Property Rights
infringement, misappropriation, or similar claim, except for
indemnities offered in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice.
22
Section 3.18.6 Protection of Intellectual Property Rights .
To the knowledge of the Company, all of the registrations and
pending applications to Governmental Entities with respect to the
Material Intellectual Property have been diligently prosecuted, all
maintenance and related fees have been paid when due, and the
Company and each Company Subsidiary has taken all other reasonable
action required to maintain the validity and effectiveness of such
registrations and pending applications to Governmental Entities
with respect to the Material Intellectual Property. The Company and
each Company Subsidiary has taken all reasonable steps necessary or
appropriate (including, entering into written confidentiality and
nondisclosure agreements with officers, directors, subcontractors,
employees, licensees and customers in connection with its assets or
the business of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries) to
safeguard and maintain the secrecy and confidentiality of trade
secrets that are material to the business of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries. Without limiting the foregoing, to the
knowledge of the Company, (A) there has been no misappropriation of
any trade secrets or other material confidential Material
Intellectual Property used in connection with the business of the
Company and the Company Subsidiaries by any person; (B) no
employee, independent contractor or agent of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary has misappropriated any trade secrets of any
other person in the course of performance as an employee,
independent contractor or agent of the business of the Company and
the Company Subsidiaries; and (C) no employee, independent
contractor or agent of the Company or any Company Subsidiary is in
default or breach of any term of any employment agreement,
nondisclosure agreement, assignment of invention agreement or
similar agreement or contract relating in any way to the
protection, ownership, development, use or transfer of the Material
Intellectual Property. To the knowledge of the Company, no funding,
facilities, or personnel of any Governmental Entity or educational
institution were used, directly or indirectly, to develop or
create, in whole or in part, any of the Material Intellectual
Property. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has made
any submission or suggestion to, and is not subject to any
agreement with, standards bodies or other entities that would
obligate the Company or any Company Subsidiary to grant licenses to
or otherwise impair its control of the Material Intellectual
Property.
Section 3.18.7 Standard Form IP Agreements . The Company has
provided to Parent a true and complete copy of each standard form
of contract used by the Company or any Company Subsidiary at any
time for the license of the Material Intellectual Property or the
sale of products by the Company or any Company Subsidiary,
including each standard form of (A) end user license agreement; (B)
development agreement; (C) distributor or reseller agreement; (D)
employee, consulting or independent contractor agreement containing
intellectual property, assignment or license of Material
Intellectual Property or any confidentiality provision; and (E)
confidentiality or nondisclosure agreement.
Section 3.18.8 Software; Escrow . Except as set forth in
Section 3.18.8 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, none of
the Company or any Company Subsidiary has entered into any
agreement requiring the Company or any Company Subsidiary to place
the software source code or other technology in escrow so that a
licensee might obtain access upon the occurrence of any release
condition. The Company is in compliance with all third-party
software licenses.
23
Section 3.18.9 Information Technology Performance. The
information technology systems used by the Company, including all
computer hardware, software, firmware and telecommunications
systems used in the conduct of the Company’s business as
currently conducted and the information technology systems operated
on behalf of the Company, perform substantially in conformance with
the appropriate specifications and/or documentation provided to the
Company with respect to such information technology systems and
generally perform reliably. The Company has taken commercially
reasonable steps to provide for secure holding, archival, back-up,
recovery and restoration of its critical business data.
Section 3.18.10 Open Source Software. To the knowledge of
the Company, none of the software of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary includes, incorporates, or relies upon the use of any
software or component that is subject to license rights typically
or customarily referred to as “open source” or
similarly permitting or requiring the source code of such software
to be made available to the public, including, but not limited to,
software licensed pursuant to any version of the GNU General Public
License, the GNU Lesser Public License (formerly known as the GNU
Library Public License) or similar licenses, or any license that
satisfies any version of the Open Source Definition of the Open
Source Initiative.
Section 3.19 Tax Matters .
Section 3.19.1 Filing of Tax Returns . The Company and each
Company Subsidiary has timely filed with the appropriate taxing
authorities all material Tax Returns required to be filed through
the date hereof. All such Tax Returns are complete and accurate in
all material respects. No claim has ever been made in writing by an
authority in a jurisdiction where any of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary does not file Tax Returns that it is or may be subject
to taxation by that jurisdiction.
Section 3.19.2 Payment of Taxes . The Company and each of
the Company Subsidiaries have timely paid all material Taxes due
and payable, except to the extent that such Taxes are being
contested in good faith and for which the Company or the
appropriate Company Subsidiary has set aside adequate reserves in
accordance with GAAP. Without taking into account any transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and based upon activities to date,
adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP have been established by
Parent and the Parent Subsidiaries for all material Taxes not yet
due and payable in respect of taxable periods ending on or before
the date hereof. Since the date of the most recent financial
statement, neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries
has incurred any material liability for Taxes outside the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice or otherwise
inconsistent with past custom and practice.
Section 3.19.3 Audits, Investigations or Claims . No
deficiencies for Taxes against any of the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries have been claimed, proposed or assessed in writing by
any taxing or other Governmental Entity. There are no pending or,
to the knowledge of the Company, threatened audits, assessments or
other actions for or relating to any liability in respect of Taxes
of the Company or any Company Subsidiary. Neither the Company nor
any of the Company Subsidiaries nor any predecessor has waived any
statute of limitations in respect of Taxes or agreed to any
extension of time with respect to a Tax assessment or
deficiency.
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Section 3.19.4 Liens . There are no liens for Taxes other
than Permitted Liens on any assets of any of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries.
Section 3.19.5 Tax Elections . Neither the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary (A) has consented at any time under Section
341(f)(1) of the Code to have the provisions of Section 341(f)(2)
of the Code apply to any disposition of the assets of the Company
or any Company Subsidiary; (B) has agreed, or is required, to make
any adjustment under Section 481(a) of the Code by reason of a
change in accounting method or otherwise; (C) has made an election,
or is required, to treat any of its assets as owned by another
person pursuant to the provisions of Section 168(f) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954 or as tax-exempt bond financed property or
tax-exempt use property within the meaning of Section 168 of the
Code; (D) has acquired or owns any assets that directly or
indirectly secure any debt the interest on which is tax exempt
under Section 103(a) of the Code; or (E) made any of the foregoing
elections or is required to apply any of the foregoing rules under
any comparable state or local Tax provision.
Section 3.19.6 Tax Sharing Agreements . There are no Tax
sharing agreements or similar arrangements (including indemnity
arrangements) with respect to or involving any of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary, and, after the Effective Time, none of the
Company or any Company Subsidiary shall be bound by any such Tax
sharing agreements or similar arrangements or have any liability
thereunder for amounts due in respect of periods prior to the
Effective Time.
Section 3.19.7 Other Entity Liability . None of the Company
or any Company Subsidiary has been a member of an affiliated group
filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group
the common parent of which is the Company). None of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary has any liability for the Taxes of any
person (other than Taxes of the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any
similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee
or successor, by contract, or otherwise.
Section 3.19.8 Withholding . Each of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries has withheld and paid all material Taxes
required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts
paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor,
stockholder or other third party.
Section 3.19.9 Spin-Offs . During the past three (3) years,
neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has distributed the
stock of any corporation in a transaction intended to satisfy the
requirements of Section 355 of the Code, and neither the stock of
the Company nor the stock of any Company Subsidiary has been
distributed in a transaction intended to satisfy the requirements
of Section 355 of the Code.
Section 3.19.10 Tax Shelters . Neither the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary has entered into any transaction identified as a
“listed transaction” for purposes of Treasury
Regulations Sections 1.6011-4(b)(2) or 301.6111-2(b)(2).
25
Section 3.19.11 Reorganization. None of the Company, any
Company Subsidiary or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the
Company’s affiliates has taken or agreed to take any action
that would prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. The Company is
not aware of any agreement, plan or other circumstance that would
prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
Section 3.20 Insurance . The Company and each Company
Subsidiary maintains insurance coverage with reputable and
financially sound insurers, or maintains self-insurance practices,
in such amounts and covering such risks as are in accordance in all
material respects with customary industry practice for companies
engaged in businesses similar to that of the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries. The Company has made available to Parent true
and complete copies of all material insurance policies and all
material self insurance programs and arrangements relating to the
business, assets and operations of the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries (the “ Insurance Policies ”).
Section 3.20 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a
true and complete list of the Insurance Policies. Each of the
Insurance Policies is in full force and effect, all premiums due
thereon have been paid in full and the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with the
terms and conditions of such Insurance Policies. Since December 31,
2005, none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has received
any notice or other communication regarding any actual or possible
(A) cancellation of any Insurance Policy that has not been renewed
in the ordinary course without any lapse in coverage, (B)
invalidation of any Insurance Policy, (C) refusal of any coverage,
limitation in coverage or rejection of any material claim under any
Insurance Policy, or (D) material adjustment in the amount of the
premiums payable with respect to any Insurance Policy. There is no
material claim by the Company or any Company Subsidiary pending
under any of the Insurance Policies and no material claim made
since December 31, 2005, in the case of any pending claim, has been
questioned or disputed by the underwriters of such Insurance
Policies. None of the Insurance Policies will terminate or lapse
(or be affected in any other materially adverse manner) by reason
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 3.21 Properties and Assets . The Company and
the Company Subsidiaries have, and immediately following the
Effective Time will continue to have, good and valid title to their
owned assets and properties, or in the case of assets and
properties they lease, license, or have other rights in, good and
valid rights by lease, license or other agreement to use, all
assets and properties (in each case, tangible and intangible)
necessary and desirable to permit the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries to conduct their respective businesses as currently
conducted. The assets and properties (in each case, tangible or
intangible) owned or used by the Company or the Company
Subsidiaries are in satisfactory condition for their continued use
as they have been used and adequate in all material respects for
their current use, subject to reasonable wear and tear.
Section 3.22 Real Property .
Section 3.22.1 Section 3.22.1 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule sets forth (A) a true and complete list of all
real property leased, subleased or otherwise occupied by the
Company or any Company Subsidiary (collectively, the “
Leased Real Property ”),(B) the address for each
Leased Real Property, and (C) the current rent amounts payable by
the
26
Company or any Company Subsidiary related to each
Leased Real Property. To the knowledge of the Company, none of the
Leased Real Property is subject to any lien, including any right to
the use or occupancy of any Leased Real Property, other than
Permitted Liens. Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary
owns, or is a party to any agreement to purchase or acquire, any
real property.
Section 3.22.2 As of the date of this Agreement, the Company
or a Company Subsidiary has a valid leasehold estate in each parcel
of Leased Real Property, in each case, free and clear of all liens.
With respect to all Leased Real Property, (A) each parcel is in
material compliance with all existing Laws applicable to such
Leased Real Property and (B) neither the Company nor any Company
Subsidiary has received written notice of any proceedings in
eminent domain, condemnation or other similar proceedings that are
pending, and there are no such proceedings threatened, affecting
any portion of the Leased Real Property and neither the Company nor
any Company Subsidiary has received written notice of the existence
of any outstanding writ, injunction, decree, order or judgment or
of any pending proceeding, and there is no such writ, injunction,
decree, order, judgment or proceeding threatened, relating to the
ownership, lease, use, occupancy or operation by any person of the
Leased Real Property.
Section 3.23 Opinion of Financial Advisors . The
Company Board has received the written opinion of Needham &
Company, LLC (the “ Company Financial Advisor
”), dated as of the date of this Agreement, to the effect
that, as of the date of this Agreement, the Exchange Ratio pursuant
to the Merger is fair to the stockholders of the Company (other
than Parent and its affiliates) from a financial point of view. The
Company shall provide a true and complete signed copy of such
opinion to Parent solely for information purposes as soon as
practicable after the date of this Agreement.
Section 3.24 Vote Required . The affirmative vote of
the holders of shares representing a majority of the voting power
of the outstanding shares of the Company Common Stock is the only
vote required of the holders of any class or series of capital
stock or other Equity Interests of the Company to approve and adopt
this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including
the Merger (the “ Company Stockholder Approval
”).
Section 3.25 Brokers . Except for the Company’s
obligations to the Company Financial Advisor, neither the Company
nor any stockholder, director, officer, employee or affiliate of
the Company, has incurred or will incur on behalf of the Company or
any Company Subsidiary, any brokerage, finders’, advisory or
similar fee in connection with the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent
true and complete copies of all agreements between the Company and
the Company Financial Advisor pursuant to which such firm would be
entitled to any payment or commission relating to the Merger or any
other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 3.26 Related Party Transactions . Except as
set forth in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date
hereof, there are no outstanding amounts payable to or receivable
from, or advances by the Company or any Company Subsidiary to, and
neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is otherwise a
creditor or debtor to, or party to any contract or transaction
with, any holder of five percent (5%) or more of the Company Common
Stock or any director, officer, employee or affiliate of the
Company or any Company Subsidiary,
27
or to any relative of any of the foregoing,
except for employment or compensation agreements or arrangements
with directors, officers and employees made in the ordinary course
consistent with past practice.
Section 3.27 No Other Representations or Warranties .
Except for the representations and warranties made by the Company
in this Article 3 or pursuant to the certificate to be delivered
pursuant to Section 6.2.1 , neither Company nor any other
person makes any representation or warranty with respect to the
Company or any Company Subsidiary or their respective businesses,
operations, assets, liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise)
or prospects, notwithstanding the delivery or disclosure to Parent,
any Parent Subsidiary or Parent Representative of any
documentation, forecasts or other information with respect to any
one or more of the foregoing.
Article 4.
Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger
Sub
Except
as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by Parent and
Merger Sub to the Company simultaneously with the execution of this
Agreement (the “ Parent Disclosure Schedule ”),
which identifies items of disclosure by reference to a particular
Section or Subsection of this Agreement, Parent and Merger Sub
hereby jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company
as follows:
Section 4.1 Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries . Each of Parent, Merger Sub, and each of
Parent’s subsidiaries (each a “ Parent
Subsidiary ” and collectively with Merger Sub, the
“ Parent Subsidiaries ”) is a corporation or
other legal entity duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or
organization and has all requisite corporate or organizational, as
the case may be, power and authority to own, lease and operate its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is now
being conducted. Each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Parent
Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business and is in good
standing in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or
operation of its properties or assets or the conduct of its
business requires such qualification, except where the failure to
be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the
aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have
a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
Section
4.1.1 Parent has delivered or caused to be delivered to the
Company true and complete copies of the Parent’s Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “ Parent
Certificate ”) and Bylaws (the “ Parent
Bylaws ”) as in effect on the date hereof. Parent has
delivered or caused to be delivered to the Company true and
complete copies of the currently effective certificate of
incorporation and bylaws, or equivalent organizational or governing
documents, of each Parent Subsidiary. Parent is not in violation of
the Parent Certificate or Parent Bylaws, and the Parent
Sub
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