|
Exhibit 2.1
EXECUTION
VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
BY AND
AMONG
PERINI
CORPORATION,
TRIFECTA ACQUISITION
LLC,
TUTOR-SALIBA
CORPORATION,
RONALD N.
TUTOR
AND
SHAREHOLDERS OF
TUTOR-SALIBA CORPORATION
DATED AS OF APRIL 2,
2008
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Page |
|
ARTICLE I THE MERGER; ALTERNATIVE
STRUCTURE
|
|
2 |
|
|
1.1
|
|
The Merger
|
|
2 |
|
|
1.2
|
|
Closing
|
|
3 |
|
|
1.3
|
|
Effective Time
|
|
3 |
|
|
1.4
|
|
Effect of the Merger
|
|
3 |
|
|
1.5
|
|
Surviving Entity Organizational
Documents
|
|
3 |
|
|
1.6
|
|
Surviving Entity Members
|
|
3 |
|
|
1.7
|
|
Conversion of Company Shares
|
|
4 |
|
|
1.8
|
|
Taking of Necessary Action; Further
Action
|
|
4 |
|
|
1.9
|
|
Parent Charter Amendment
|
|
4 |
|
|
1.10
|
|
Effective Time Parent Board
|
|
5 |
|
|
1.11
|
|
Alternative Structure
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE II EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
IN THE MERGER
|
|
5 |
|
|
2.1
|
|
Exchange of Certificates
|
|
5 |
|
|
2.2
|
|
Dissenting Shares
|
|
7 |
|
|
2.3
|
|
Withholding
|
|
7 |
|
|
2.4
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
8 |
|
|
2.5
|
|
Acknowledgement by Recipient of Merger
Consideration
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
|
|
8 |
|
|
3.1
|
|
Organization and
Qualification
|
|
8 |
|
|
3.2
|
|
Subsidiaries
|
|
8 |
|
|
3.3
|
|
Authority
|
|
9 |
|
|
3.4
|
|
No Conflict
|
|
9 |
|
|
3.5
|
|
Governmental Consents
|
|
10 |
|
|
3.6
|
|
Capitalization
|
|
10 |
|
|
3.7
|
|
Financial Statements
|
|
11 |
|
|
3.8
|
|
No Undisclosed Liabilities
|
|
12 |
|
|
3.9
|
|
Absence of Certain Changes
|
|
12 |
|
|
3.10
|
|
Compliance with Laws and
Permits
|
|
12 |
|
|
3.11
|
|
Litigation
|
|
13 |
|
|
3.12
|
|
Assets
|
|
13 |
|
|
3.13
|
|
Material Contracts
|
|
13 |
|
|
3.14
|
|
Government Contracts
|
|
14 |
|
|
3.15
|
|
Real Property
|
|
16 |
|
|
3.16
|
|
Intellectual Property
|
|
18 |
|
|
3.17
|
|
Insurance
|
|
19 |
|
|
3.18
|
|
Environmental Matters
|
|
19 |
|
|
3.19
|
|
Tax Matters
|
|
20 |
|
|
3.20
|
|
Labor Matters
|
|
22 |
|
|
3.21
|
|
Employment Matters
|
|
22 |
|
|
3.22
|
|
Interested Party Transactions
|
|
24 |
i
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Page |
|
|
3.23 |
|
Certain
Payments; Suitability |
|
25 |
|
|
3.24 |
|
Indemnification |
|
25 |
|
|
3.25 |
|
Required
Vote |
|
25 |
|
|
3.26 |
|
Certain
Approvals; Takeover Laws |
|
25 |
|
|
3.27 |
|
Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees |
|
25 |
|
|
3.28 |
|
Ownership
of Parent Equity Interests |
|
26 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE SHAREHOLDERS
|
|
26 |
|
|
4.1 |
|
Ownership
of Subject Shares |
|
26 |
|
|
4.2 |
|
Authority |
|
26 |
|
|
4.3 |
|
No
Conflict |
|
27 |
|
|
4.4 |
|
Investment |
|
27 |
|
|
4.5 |
|
S
Corporation Status |
|
27 |
|
|
4.6 |
|
Accredited Investor |
|
27 |
|
|
4.7 |
|
Ownership
of Parent Equity Interests |
|
27 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF PARENT
|
|
28 |
|
|
5.1 |
|
Organization and Qualification |
|
28 |
|
|
5.2 |
|
Subsidiaries |
|
28 |
|
|
5.3 |
|
Authority |
|
29 |
|
|
5.4 |
|
No
Conflict |
|
30 |
|
|
5.5 |
|
Governmental Consents |
|
30 |
|
|
5.6 |
|
Capitalization |
|
30 |
|
|
5.7 |
|
SEC
Reports; Financial Statements |
|
31 |
|
|
5.8 |
|
No
Undisclosed Liabilities |
|
32 |
|
|
5.9 |
|
Absence
of Certain Changes |
|
32 |
|
|
5.10 |
|
Compliance with Laws and Permits |
|
33 |
|
|
5.11 |
|
Litigation |
|
33 |
|
|
5.12 |
|
Assets |
|
34 |
|
|
5.13 |
|
Material
Contracts |
|
34 |
|
|
5.14 |
|
Government Contracts |
|
35 |
|
|
5.15 |
|
Real
Property |
|
37 |
|
|
5.16 |
|
Intellectual Property |
|
38 |
|
|
5.17 |
|
Insurance |
|
39 |
|
|
5.18 |
|
Environmental Matters |
|
39 |
|
|
5.19 |
|
Tax
Matters |
|
40 |
|
|
5.20 |
|
Labor
Matters |
|
41 |
|
|
5.21 |
|
Employment Matters |
|
42 |
|
|
5.22 |
|
Interested Party Transactions |
|
44 |
|
|
5.23 |
|
Certain
Payments; Suitability |
|
44 |
|
|
5.24 |
|
Indemnification |
|
45 |
|
|
5.25 |
|
Required
Vote |
|
45 |
ii
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Page |
|
|
5.26 |
|
Certain
Approvals; Takeover Laws |
|
45 |
|
|
5.27 |
|
Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees |
|
45 |
|
|
5.28 |
|
Opinion
of Financial Advisor |
|
45 |
|
|
5.29 |
|
Merger
Sub |
|
45 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE VI COVENANTS
|
|
46 |
|
|
6.1 |
|
Conduct
of the Company and its Subsidiaries |
|
46 |
|
|
6.2 |
|
Conduct
of Parent and its Subsidiaries |
|
48 |
|
|
6.3 |
|
No
Solicitation by the Company or Shareholders; Shareholder
Lock-Up |
|
50 |
|
|
6.4 |
|
No
Solicitation by Parent |
|
51 |
|
|
6.5 |
|
Parent
Board Recommendation |
|
53 |
|
|
6.6 |
|
Proxy
Statement; Parent Shareholders Meeting |
|
54 |
|
|
6.7 |
|
Obligations to Consummate the Merger |
|
55 |
|
|
6.8 |
|
Access |
|
57 |
|
|
6.9 |
|
Notices
of Certain Events |
|
57 |
|
|
6.10 |
|
Public
Announcements |
|
58 |
|
|
6.11 |
|
Section
16 Matters |
|
58 |
|
|
6.12 |
|
NYSE
Listing |
|
58 |
|
|
6.13 |
|
Tax
Treatment |
|
58 |
|
|
6.14 |
|
Tax
Matters. |
|
59 |
|
|
6.15 |
|
Shareholder Representative |
|
60 |
|
|
6.16 |
|
Non-Competition; Non-Hire |
|
61 |
|
|
6.17 |
|
Compliance with Obligations |
|
62 |
|
|
6.18 |
|
Signatory
Shareholders Joinder |
|
63 |
|
|
6.19 |
|
Guarantees |
|
63 |
|
|
6.20 |
|
Pre-Closing Dividend and Dividend Notes |
|
63 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO
THE CLOSING
|
|
64 |
|
|
7.1 |
|
Mutual
Conditions to Merger |
|
64 |
|
|
7.2 |
|
Parent’s Conditions to the Merger |
|
64 |
|
|
7.3 |
|
The
Company’s Conditions to the Merger |
|
66 |
|
|
7.4 |
|
No
Frustration of Closing Conditions |
|
67 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE VIII
TERMINATION
|
|
68 |
|
|
8.1 |
|
Termination |
|
68 |
|
|
8.2 |
|
Effect of
Termination; Controlling Trusts Guarantee |
|
69 |
|
|
8.3 |
|
Expenses;
Termination Fee |
|
70 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE IX SURVIVAL;
INDEMNIFICATION
|
|
71 |
|
|
9.1 |
|
Survival |
|
71 |
|
|
9.2 |
|
Indemnification |
|
72 |
|
|
9.3 |
|
Limitations |
|
72 |
|
|
9.4 |
|
Claims |
|
75 |
iii
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Page |
|
|
9.5 |
|
Adjustments to Merger Consideration |
|
76 |
|
|
9.6 |
|
Waiver of
Reliance on Excluded Information |
|
76 |
|
|
9.7 |
|
Nature of
Shareholder Indemnification Obligations |
|
77 |
|
|
9.8 |
|
Sole and
Exclusive Remedy |
|
78 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE X DEFINITIONS, CONSTRUCTION,
ETC.
|
|
78 |
|
|
10.1 |
|
Certain
Definitions |
|
78 |
|
|
10.2 |
|
Index of
Defined Terms |
|
88 |
|
|
10.3 |
|
Construction |
|
92 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE XI GENERAL
PROVISIONS
|
|
94 |
|
|
11.1 |
|
Notices |
|
94 |
|
|
11.2 |
|
Entire
Agreement |
|
96 |
|
|
11.3 |
|
Severability |
|
96 |
|
|
11.4 |
|
Amendment |
|
97 |
|
|
11.5 |
|
Extension; Waiver |
|
97 |
|
|
11.6 |
|
Specific
Performance |
|
97 |
|
|
11.7 |
|
Other
Remedies |
|
97 |
|
|
11.8 |
|
Successors and Assigns; Assignment; No Third Party
Beneficiaries |
|
98 |
|
|
11.9 |
|
GOVERNING
LAW |
|
98 |
|
|
11.10 |
|
Consent
to Jurisdiction; Service of Process |
|
98 |
|
|
11.11 |
|
WAIVER OF
JURY TRIAL |
|
99 |
|
|
11.12 |
|
Counterparts; Facsimile Delivery |
|
99 |
|
|
|
| Exhibit A |
|
Company
Capitalization |
|
|
| Annex
A |
|
Company
Shareholder Written Consent |
| Annex
B |
|
Shareholders Agreement |
| Annex
C |
|
Form of
Employment Agreement |
| Annex
D |
|
Form of
Articles of Amendment |
| Annex
E |
|
Form of
Dividend Note |
|
| Company Schedule |
| Parent Schedule |
iv
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER, dated as of April 2, 2008 (this “
Agreement ”), is entered into by and among Perini
Corporation , a Massachusetts corporation (“
Parent ”), Trifecta Acquisition LLC , a
California limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”), Tutor-Saliba
Corporation , a California corporation (the “
Company ”), Ronald N. Tutor , a resident of
California and a trustee under each of the Controlling Trusts (as
defined below) (in the capacity as Shareholder Representative as
provided in Section 6.15 or in any other capacity
contemplated hereby, the “ Shareholder Representative
”), and shareholders of the Company signatory hereto
(including the Shareholder Representative, each a “
Signatory Shareholder ” and collectively, the “
Signatory Shareholders ”), with each holder of Company
Common Stock (as defined below) set forth on Exhibit A
hereto (including the Shareholder Representative, each a “
Shareholder ” and collectively, the “
Shareholders ”) to become a Signatory Shareholder in
accordance with Section 6.18 . Parent, Merger Sub, the
Company and the Signatory Shareholders are referred to herein each
individually as a “ Party ” and collectively as
the “ Parties ”. All capitalized terms used in
this Agreement shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto
in Article X .
RECITALS
WHEREAS , the board of
directors of Parent (the “ Parent Board ”),
acting upon the recommendation of a special committee of
independent directors thereof (the “ Special Committee
”), and the respective boards of directors of Merger Sub and
the Company have each determined that it is in the best interests
of their respective shareholders or members, as appropriate, to
enter into a business combination transaction;
WHEREAS , Parent,
Merger Sub and the Company intend to effect a merger of the Company
with and into Merger Sub (the “ Merger ”), with
Merger Sub to be the surviving entity of the Merger and a
wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent, on the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein and in accordance with the General
Corporation Law of the State of California and the Limited
Liability Company Act of the State of California (collectively, the
“ CGCL ”);
WHEREAS, the board of
directors of Parent, acting upon the recommendation of the Special
Committee, and the respective boards of directors of Merger Sub and
the Company have each (i) determined that this Agreement and
the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, are
advisable, fair to and in the best interests of their respective
shareholders or members, as appropriate, and (ii) approved
this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including
the Merger, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
herein;
WHEREAS, as a
condition to the Company’s willingness to enter into this
Agreement, simultaneously with or immediately after the execution
and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, as the sole member of
Merger Sub, is executing and delivering or will execute and deliver
an unconditional unanimous written consent to the approval of this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the
Merger;
1
WHEREAS, as a
condition to Parent’s and Merger Sub’s willingness to
enter into this Agreement, simultaneously with or immediately after
the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Shareholders, who
collectively own all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of
the Company, are executing and delivering or will execute and
deliver an unconditional unanimous written consent to the approval
of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby,
including the Merger, substantially in the form attached as
Annex A hereto (the “ Company Shareholder Written
Consent ”);
WHEREAS, as a
condition to Parent’s and Merger Sub’s willingness to
enter into this Agreement, simultaneously with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement, Parent and the Signatory Shareholders
party hereto on the date hereof are entering into the Shareholders
Agreement in the form attached as Annex B hereto (the
“ Shareholders Agreement ”), with all other
Shareholders other than the Signatory Shareholders party hereto on
the date hereof to become a party thereto in accordance with
Section 6.18 , which Shareholders Agreement shall
become effective upon the closing of the Merger;
WHEREAS, as a
condition to Parent’s and Merger Sub’s willingness to
enter into this Agreement, simultaneously with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement, Parent and the Shareholder
Representative are entering into the Employment Agreement in the
form attached as Annex C hereto (the “ Employment
Agreement ”), which Employment Agreement shall become
effective upon the closing of the Merger;
WHEREAS, for United
States federal income tax purposes, Parent, Merger Sub, the Company
and the Shareholders intend that the Merger shall qualify as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Code; and
WHEREAS, Parent,
Merger Sub, the Company and the Shareholders desire to make certain
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection
with, and to prescribe various conditions to, the Merger and the
other transactions contemplated hereby.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the foregoing premises and the representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, as well as
other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency
of which is hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound
hereby, Parent, Merger Sub, the Company and the Shareholders hereby
agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER; ALTERNATIVE
STRUCTURE
1.1 The Merger . Upon
the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement
and the applicable provisions of the CGCL, at the Effective Time,
the Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub, the separate
corporate existence of the Company shall thereupon cease, and
Merger Sub shall continue as the surviving entity of the Merger.
Merger Sub, as the surviving entity of the Merger, is sometimes
hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving Entity
”.
2
1.2 Closing . The
consummation of the Merger (the “ Closing ”)
shall take place at a closing to occur at the offices of
Kirkland & Ellis LLP located at 655 Fifteenth Street,
N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005 at 10:00 a.m. (local time) on the
third (3rd) Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver (to
the extent permitted hereunder) of the conditions set forth in
Article VII hereof (other than those conditions that by
their terms are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the
satisfaction or waiver (to the extent permitted hereunder) of such
conditions), or at such other location, date and time as Parent and
the Company shall mutually agree upon in writing (the date upon
which the Closing shall actually occur pursuant hereto being
referred to herein as the “ Closing Date
”).
1.3 Effective Time .
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, on the Closing Date, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company
shall cause the Merger to be consummated in accordance with the
CGCL by filing a certificate of merger in customary form and
substance (the “ Certificate of Merger ”) with
the Secretary of State of the State of California (the “
California Secretary of State ”) in accordance with
the applicable provisions of the CGCL (the time of such filing and
acceptance by the California Secretary of State, or such later time
as may be agreed in writing by Parent and the Company and specified
in the Certificate of Merger, being referred to herein as the
“ Effective Time ”).
1.4 Effect of the
Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall
be as provided in this Agreement and the applicable provisions of
the CGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and
subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all rights and property of
the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Entity, and
all debts and liabilities of the Company and Merger Sub shall
become the debts and liabilities of the Surviving
Entity.
1.5 Surviving Entity
Organizational Documents . At the Effective Time, the articles
of organization and operating agreement of Merger Sub, as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the articles of
organization and operating agreement of the Surviving Entity until
thereafter amended in accordance with Applicable Law and such
articles of organization and operating agreement; provided ,
however , that, at the Effective Time, the articles of
organization of the Surviving Entity shall be amended so that the
name of the Surviving Entity shall be “Tutor-Saliba
LLC”.
1.6 Surviving Entity
Members . At the Effective Time, the initial members of the
Surviving Entity shall be the members of Merger Sub immediately
prior to the Effective Time, each to hold office in accordance with
the articles of organization and any operating agreement of the
Surviving Entity until his or her respective successor is duly
elected or appointed and qualified. In order to effectuate the
foregoing, the Company and each of the Shareholders shall use its
commercially reasonable efforts to procure, in connection with the
Closing, the resignation of each of the Company’s directors
to be effective immediately prior to the Effective Time.
3
1.7 Conversion of Company
Shares . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger
and without any action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, the
Company or the holders of any of the following securities
(including the Shareholders), the following shall occur:
(a) Membership Interests
of Merger Sub . Each membership interest of Merger Sub that is
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part
of the holder thereof, be converted into the right to receive one
membership interest of the Surviving Entity, so that at the
Effective Time, Parent shall be the holder of all of the issued and
outstanding membership interests of the Surviving Entity. Each
certificate evidencing ownership of such membership interests of
Merger Sub shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto
except that thereafter it shall evidence ownership of a membership
interest of the Surviving Entity.
(b) Owned Company Common
Stock . Each share of common stock, no par value per share, of
the Company (the “ Company Common Stock ”) owned
by Parent or any other direct or indirect, wholly-owned Subsidiary
of Parent or the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part
of the holder thereof, be automatically canceled and retired and
shall cease to exist, and no payment or other consideration shall
be made with respect thereto.
(c) Conversion of Company
Common Stock . Each share of Company Common Stock issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than
those shares cancelled and retired pursuant to
Section 1.7(b) or any Dissenting Shares) shall, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the
holder thereof, be automatically canceled and retired and shall
cease to exist and shall be converted into the right to receive a
number of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of
Parent (the “ Parent Common Stock ”) equal to
the quotient (the “ Exchange Ratio ”) obtained
by dividing (A) 22,987,293 shares of Parent Common Stock by
(B) the Outstanding Common Stock Number (the shares of Parent
Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Section 1.7(c) ,
collectively, the “ Parent Shares ”). Set forth
on Exhibit A hereto is a calculation of the aggregate Parent
Shares to be issuable to each Shareholder as a result of the
cancellation, retirement and conversion of the shares of Company
Common Stock pursuant to this Section 1.7(c) . As of
the Effective Time, each certificate evidencing ownership of such
shares of Company Common Stock shall cease to have any rights with
respect thereto except the right to receive the Parent Shares to be
issued in consideration therefor upon the surrender of such
certificate in accordance with Section 2.1 .
1.8 Taking of Necessary
Action; Further Action . If, at any time after the Effective
Time, any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the
purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Entity with
full right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights,
privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub,
the directors and officers of the Surviving Entity shall take all
such lawful and necessary action, consistent with this Agreement,
on behalf of the Company and Merger Sub.
1.9 Parent Charter
Amendment . At the Closing and prior to the Effective Time, and
upon the terms of and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement and receipt of the applicable Parent Shareholder
Approval, Parent shall cause its articles of organization to be
amended (the “ Charter Amendment ”) to increase
the number of authorized shares of capital stock of Parent by
filing Articles of Amendment substantially in the form of Annex
D hereto (the “ Articles of Amendmen t”)
with the Secretary of State of the State of Massachusetts (the
“ Massachusetts Secretary of State ”) in
accordance with applicable provisions of the Massachusetts Business
Corporations Act.
4
1.10 Effective Time Parent
Board . The Parties will take all actions required such that as
of the Effective Time (a) the Parent Board shall consist of
the directors determined in compliance with Section 2(b) of
the Shareholders Agreement and (b) the committees of the
Parent Board shall be comprised of such directors determined in
compliance with Section 2(d) of the Shareholders
Agreement.
1.11 Alternative
Structure . If (i) the Parent Shareholder Approval has not
been obtained and (ii) Parent and the Company determine that
an alternative structure of the transactions contemplated hereby is
necessary to avoid undue delay of the consummation of the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated hereby and the other
Related Agreements or otherwise to address legal, commercial or
regulatory concerns of the operations of Parent and its
Subsidiaries (including the Company and its Subsidiaries) from and
after the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions
contemplated hereby that would reasonably be avoided by the use of
such alternative structure, then each Party hereto will cooperate
in good faith to make changes to the terms hereof and the other
Related Agreements to reflect such alternative structure of the
transactions contemplated hereby and the other Related Agreements
and to achieve, to the greatest extent possible, the economic,
business and other purposes of the terms hereof and the other
Related Agreements.
ARTICLE II
EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
IN THE MERGER
2.1 Exchange of
Certificates .
(a) Exchange Agent .
Immediately following the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with
a bank or trust company of national recognition (the “
Exchange Agent ”), for the benefit of the holders of
Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time for
exchange in accordance with this Article II through the
Exchange Agent certificates representing the Parent Shares issuable
pursuant to Section 1.7(c) in exchange for outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock canceled, retired and converted
pursuant to Section 1.7(c) (such shares of Parent
Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions with
respect thereto, being hereinafter referred to as the “
Exchange Fund ”). In lieu of a bank or trust company,
Parent or any of its Subsidiaries may serve as the Exchange Agent
hereunder with the consent of the Company prior to the Effective
Time.
(b) Exchange
Procedures . As soon as reasonably practicable after the
Effective Time, the Exchange Agent shall mail to each holder of
record of a certificate or certificates that immediately prior to
the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock that were canceled, retired and converted pursuant to
Section 1.7(c) (i) a letter of transmittal (which
shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and
title to the certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the
certificates to the Exchange Agent and shall be in such form and
have such other provisions as Parent may reasonably specify) and
(ii) instructions for use in surrendering the certificates in
exchange for the Parent Shares into
5
which the shares of Company Common Stock
were converted. Upon the surrender to the Exchange Agent of a
certificate that formerly represented shares of Company Common
Stock in accordance with the provisions of this
Section 2.1 , together with such letter of transmittal,
duly executed, and such other documents as may reasonably be
required by the Exchange Agent, the Exchange Agent shall deliver to
the holders of certificates that immediately prior to the Effective
Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock
certificates representing the number of shares of Parent Common
Stock into which such shares shall have been converted in
accordance with Section 1.7(c) , and the certificate so
surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled.
(c) No Further Ownership
Rights in the Company . At and after the Effective Time, each
holder of shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall cease to have any rights as a shareholder of
the Company except for the right to surrender such
shareholder’s certificates that immediately prior to the
Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock in exchange for receipt of Parent Common Stock in accordance
with Section 1.7(c) .
(d) Transfers of
Ownership . After the Effective Time, no transfer of shares of
Company Common Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall be made on the stock transfer books of the
Company.
(e) Lost, Stolen or
Destroyed Certificates . In the event that any certificates
representing shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the
Exchange Agent or Parent, as applicable, shall issue in exchange
for such lost, stolen or destroyed certificates, upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, the Parent Shares
deliverable in respect thereof pursuant to
Section 1.7(c) ; provided , however ,
that Parent may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to
the delivery of such shares, require the owners of such lost,
stolen or destroyed certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as
it may reasonably direct as indemnity against any claim that may be
made against Parent, the Surviving Entity or the Exchange Agent
with respect to the certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen
or destroyed.
(f) No Fractional
Shares . No fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock shall be
issued in the Merger. In lieu of any fractional shares, the
fractional amount of Parent Common Stock to which any holder of
Company Common Stock is entitled to receive under
Section 1.7(c) shall be rounded down to the nearest
whole number and the holder thereof shall be entitled to receive an
amount in cash, without interest, equal to the product obtained by
multiplying (x) the fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock
to which such holder (after taking into account all shares of
Company Common Stock and all certificates held immediately prior to
the Effective Time by such holder) would otherwise be entitled to
and (y) the closing price per share of Parent Common Stock as
reported on the NYSE Composite Transaction Tape (as reported in The
Wall Street Journal, or, if not reported thereby, any other
authoritative source) on the last trading day prior to but not
including the date of the Effective Time.
(g) No Liability .
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this
Agreement, none of the Escrow Agent, Parent or the Surviving Entity
shall be liable to a holder of shares of Company Common Stock
immediately prior to the Effective Time for any amount or property
properly paid or transferred to a public official pursuant to any
applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.
6
(h) Distribution of
Exchange Fund to Parent . Any portion of the Exchange Fund that
remains undistributed to the holders of certificates representing
shares of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective
Time on the date that is twelve (12) months after the
Effective Time shall be delivered to Parent upon demand, and any
holders of shares of Company Common Stock that were issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Merger who have not
theretofore surrendered such certificates evidencing such shares of
Company Common Stock for exchange pursuant to the provisions of
this Article II shall thereafter look for issuance of the
Parent Shares in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock
evidenced by such certificates solely to Parent, as general
creditors thereof, for any claim to the applicable merger
consideration to which such holders may be entitled pursuant to the
provisions of this Article II .
(i) Distributions with
Respect to Unexchanged Shares . No dividends or other
distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record
date after the Effective Time shall be paid to a holder of shares
of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time
with respect to the shares of Parent Common Stock into which they
were converted until surrender of shares of Company Common Stock in
accordance with this Article II . Following surrender of any
such shares of Company Common Stock, there shall be paid to the
holder of the certificate representing shares of Parent Common
Stock issued in exchange therefor, without interest, the amount of
dividends or other distributions with a record date after the
Effective Time payable with respect to such shares of Parent Common
Stock.
2.2 Dissenting Shares
. Pursuant to the delivery of the Company Shareholder Written
Consent, all holders of shares of Company Common Stock shall waive
any right to demand appraisal for such shares in accordance with
the CGCL. If for any reason any holder of shares of Company Common
Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time who has
not voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing
(such shares, “ Dissenting Shares ”) has
properly demanded appraisal for such shares in accordance with the
CGCL, such shares of Company Common Stock shall not be converted
into a right to receive Parent Shares, unless such holder fails to
perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses such holder’s right to
appraisal under the CGCL. If, after the Effective Time, such holder
fails to perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses such holder’s
right to appraisal, each such share shall be treated as if it had
been converted as of the Effective Time into a right to receive
Parent Shares. The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice
of (A) any demands for appraisal pursuant to the CGCL or
otherwise received by the Company, (B) withdrawals of such
demands, and (C) any other instruments served pursuant to the
CGCL or otherwise and received by the Company in connection with
such demands and (ii) the opportunity to direct all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to all such demands for
appraisal under the CGCL or otherwise prior to the Effective Time.
The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of
Parent or as otherwise required by any Applicable Law, make any
payment with respect to any such demands for appraisal or offer to
settle or settle any such demands.
2.3 Withholding . Each
of Parent, the Surviving Entity and Exchange Agent, as applicable,
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts payable
by it pursuant to this Agreement any withholding Taxes or other
amounts required by any Applicable Law to be
7
deducted and withheld. To the extent
that any such amounts are so deducted or withheld, such amounts
will be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been
paid prior to the Closing to the Person in respect of which such
deduction and withholding was made.
2.4 Adjustments . The
numbers of shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to
Section 1.7(c) shall be equitably adjusted to reflect
appropriately the effect of any stock split, reverse stock split,
stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of
securities convertible into Parent Common Stock), extraordinary
cash dividends, merger, reorganization, recapitalization,
reclassification, combination, exchange of shares or other like
change with respect to Parent Common Stock occurring on or after
the date hereof.
2.5 Acknowledgement by
Recipient of Merger Consideration . Without limiting any other
provision hereof, each holder of certificates representing shares
of Company Common Stock converted into Parent Shares pursuant to
Section 1.7(c) receiving such Parent Shares shall be
deemed to have acknowledged and agreed to be bound by its
obligations set forth in this Agreement including, without
limitation, the obligation to indemnify Parent Indemnified Parties
pursuant to Article IX .
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and
warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as of the date hereof as
follows:
3.1 Organization and
Qualification . The Company is a corporation duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State
of California. The Company has all requisite corporate power and
authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on
its business. The Company is duly qualified or licensed to do
business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each
jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the ownership,
leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification
necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be
so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available to
Parent a true and correct copy of its articles of incorporation and
bylaws, each as amended to date and in full force and effect on the
date hereof.
3.2 Subsidiaries
.
(a) Section 3.2(a) of
the Company Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of
each Subsidiary of the Company, together with (i) the
jurisdiction of formation of each such Subsidiary, (ii) the
percentage of the outstanding Equity Interests of such Subsidiary
owned by the Company or any of its other Subsidiaries, and
(iii) if applicable, each other holder of Equity Interests of
such Subsidiary. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
owns any Equity Interest in any Person other than the Subsidiaries
set forth in Section 3.2(a) of the Company Schedule .
All Equity Interests of each Subsidiary of the Company owned by the
Company or any of its other Subsidiaries are owned free and clear
of all Liens other than Permitted Liens.
8
(b) Each Subsidiary of the
Company is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
(to the extent applicable) under the Applicable Laws of its
jurisdiction of formation. Each Subsidiary of the Company has all
requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its
properties and to carry on its business. Each Subsidiary of the
Company is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good
standing (to the extent applicable) as a foreign organization in
each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the
ownership, leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such
qualification necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the
failure to be so qualified or licensed or in good standing would
not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made
available to Parent a true and correct copy of the certificate of
incorporation and bylaws or other comparable organizational
documents of each Subsidiary of the Company, each as amended to
date and in full force and effect on the date hereof.
(c) All of the outstanding
share capital of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries has been
duly authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and
non-assessable.
3.3 Authority . The
Company has all requisite power and authority to execute and
deliver this Agreement and all other Related Agreements to which it
is or is to be a party and subject, in the case of the consummation
of the Merger, to the receipt of the Company Shareholder Written
Consent, to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby and to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement and the
other Related Agreements to which it is or is to be a party and the
consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of the Company, and no additional corporate
proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize
this Agreement or any other Related Agreement or the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, other than in
the case of the consummation of the Merger, obtaining the Company
Shareholder Written Consent. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the board of directors of the Company has duly and
validly adopted resolutions (i) determining that this
Agreement and the other Related Agreements to which it is or is to
be a party and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby are advisable, fair to and in the best interests
of the Company and its shareholders; (ii) approving this
Agreement and the other Related Agreements to which it is or is to
be a party and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby; and (iii) recommending that the
Shareholders deliver the Company Shareholder Written Consent, which
resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or
withdrawn in any way. This Agreement and the other Related
Agreements to which the Company is or is to be a party have been
duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due
authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub and
any other counterparty thereto, constitutes a legal, valid and
binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company
in accordance with its terms, except as (a) may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and
other similar laws affecting or relating to creditors’ rights
generally, and (b) is subject to general principles of
equity.
3.4 No Conflict . None
of the execution, delivery or performance by the Company of this
Agreement or any other Related Agreements to which it is to be a
party, the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby or the compliance by the
9
Company with any of the provisions
hereof or thereof: (i) violate or conflict with any provision
of the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the Company;
(ii) violate or conflict with any provision of the
certificates of incorporation or bylaws or other comparable
organizational documents of any of the Company’s
Subsidiaries; (iii) except as set forth in Section 3.4
of the Company Schedule and subject to obtaining the Consents
set forth in Section 3.5 of the Company Schedule ,
violate, conflict with, or result in the breach of or constitute a
default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both
would become a default) under, or result in the termination of, or
accelerate the performance required by or modification to the terms
or conditions of, or result in a right of termination, acceleration
or modification under, any Contract to which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets may be bound;
(iv) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in
Section 3.5 of the Company Schedule and, in the case of
the consummation of the Merger, subject to obtaining the Company
Shareholder Written Consent, violate or conflict with any
Applicable Law or Decree applicable to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or by which any of their properties or assets are
bound; or (v) result in the creation of any Lien upon any of
the properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
except in the case of each of clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and
(v) above, for such violations, conflicts, breaches, defaults,
terminations, accelerations or Liens that would not have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
3.5 Governmental
Consents . Except as set forth on Section 3.5 of the
Company Schedule , no Consent of any Governmental Entity is
required on the part of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any
of the Shareholders in connection with the execution, delivery or
performance by the Company or the Shareholders of this Agreement or
any other Related Agreement to which it is or is to be a party or
the consummation by the Company or the Shareholders of the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except (a) the
filing and recordation of the Certificate of Merger with the
California Secretary of State and such filings with Governmental
Entities to satisfy the Applicable Laws of states in which the
Company and its Subsidiaries are qualified to do business;
(b) such filings and approvals as may be required by any
federal or state securities laws, including compliance with any
applicable requirements of the Exchange Act; (c) compliance
with any applicable requirements of the HSR Act and any applicable
foreign antitrust, competition or merger control laws
(collectively, “ Antitrust Laws ”); and
(d) such other Consents, the failure of which to obtain would
not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.6 Capitalization
.
(a) The authorized capital
stock of the Company consists of 1,000,000 shares of Company Common
Stock. Exhibit A hereto sets forth a true and complete list of all
Equity Interests of the Company issued or outstanding and the
record and beneficial holders thereof. Except as set forth on
Section 3.6(a) of the Company Schedule , the shares of
Company Common Stock set forth on Exhibit A hereto are the
only Equity Interests of the Company issued or outstanding and the
shareholders set forth thereon are the only holders of Equity
Interests of the Company. All outstanding shares of Company Common
Stock are validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of any
preemptive rights.
10
(b) The Company has reserved
for issuance no additional shares of Company Common Stock other
than those shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding as
of the date hereof.
(c) All of the outstanding
Equity Interests of the Company have been issued in compliance in
all material respects with Applicable Law and the articles of
incorporation and bylaws of the Company.
(d) Except as set forth on
Section 3.6(d) of the Company Schedule , neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of the Shareholders,
is a party to any Contract restricting the transfer of, relating to
the voting of, requiring registration of, or granting any
preemptive rights, anti-dilutive rights or rights of first refusal
or similar rights with respect to any Equity Interests of the
Company or any other shareholders agreement or other similar
agreement restricting the election or appointment of directors of
the Company.
3.7 Financial
Statements .
(a) Section 3.7(a) of
the Company Schedule contains (i) the unaudited
consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2007
and the related consolidated statements of income,
shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Company and its
Subsidiaries for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005,
2006 and 2007 (the most recent balance sheet set forth therein, the
“ Most Recent Company Balance Sheet ”; and the
date thereof, the “ Most Recent Company Fiscal Year
End ”; and such financial statements collectively, the
“ Unaudited Company Financial Statements ”); and
(ii) the unaudited consolidated balance sheet of the Company
and its Subsidiaries as of January 31, 2008 and the related
unaudited consolidated income statements, changes in
shareholders’ equity and cash flow of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as of and for the one-month period then ended (the
financial statements referred to in items (i) and (ii), and,
upon the delivery of the Audited Company Financial Statements, the
Audited Company Financial Statements, collectively, the “
Company Financial Statements ”).
(b) Except as set forth on
Section 3.7(b) of the Company Schedule , the Company
Financial Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP
as in effect on the respective dates thereof applied on a
consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be
indicated therein or in the notes thereto); and (ii) fairly
present in accordance with GAAP (subject, in the case of the
unaudited interim financial statements, to normal, recurring
year-end audit adjustments that were not or are not expected to be,
individually or in the aggregate, materially adverse to the
Company) the consolidated financial position of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and the
consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the
respective periods then ended.
(c) Except as set forth on
Section 3.7(c) of the Company Schedule , the Company
maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to
provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are
executed in accordance with management’s general or specific
authorizations; (ii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management’s general or specific
authorization; and (iii) the recorded accountability for
assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals
and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
Except as set forth on Section 3.7(c) of the Company
Schedule , since December 31, 2007,
11
the Company’s outside auditors and
the audit committee of the board of directors of the Company have
not been advised of (A) any significant deficiencies or
material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which adversely affect the Company’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information, or (B) any fraud, whether or not material, that
involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
3.8 No Undisclosed
Liabilities . Neither the Company nor any of the
Company’s Subsidiaries has any Liability that would be
required by GAAP, as in effect on the date thereof, to be reflected
on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries
except for (a) Liabilities reflected or reserved against in
the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet; (b) Liabilities
incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice since the Most Recent Company Fiscal Year End;
(c) Liabilities that arose under, or were incurred in
connection with the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement;
or (d) Liabilities that would not have a Company Material
Adverse Effect. Except as set forth on Section 3.8 of the
Company Schedule , neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or subject to, or has any commitment to
become a party to any “off-balance sheet arrangements”
(as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K).
3.9 Absence of Certain
Changes .
(a) Since the Most Recent
Company Fiscal Year End, except as set forth on Section 3.9
of the Company Schedule or except for actions expressly
contemplated by this Agreement or any other Related Agreement or
expressly consented to in writing by Parent from and after the date
hereof, (i) the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries
has been conducted, in all material respects, in the ordinary
course consistent with past practice and (ii) there has not
been a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Without limiting the
generality of Section 3.9(a) , the Company and its
Subsidiaries have not since the Most Recent Company Fiscal Year End
and prior to the date of this Agreement taken any action, or failed
to take any action, which if taken from and after the date hereof
would be restricted by Section 6.1 .
3.10 Compliance with Laws
and Permits .
(a) Except with respect to
matters that are the subjects of Section 3.18 ,
Section 3.19 and Section 3.20 and except as
set forth on Section 3.10 of the Company Schedule , the
Company and each of its Subsidiaries is and during the last three
(3) years has been in compliance with all Applicable Laws and
Decrees, except for such noncompliance that would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth on
Section 3.10 of the Company Schedule , none of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any written, or to
the Knowledge of the Company, oral, notice (i) of any
non-routine administrative, civil or criminal investigation or
audit (other than Tax audits, which are addressed in
Section 3.19 ) by any Governmental Entity relating to
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) from any
Governmental Entity alleging that the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is not or has not been in compliance with any
Applicable Law or Decree, that, if adversely determined (as to both
subsections (i) and (ii) above), would have a material
adverse effect on the Company.
12
(b) Except with respect to
matters that are the subjects of Section 3.18 ,
Section 3.19 and Section 3.20 , the Company
and each of its Subsidiaries has and during the last three
(3) years has had in effect all Permits necessary for it to
own, lease or otherwise hold and operate its properties and assets
and to carry on its businesses and operations as now conducted, and
no suspension or cancellation of any such Permits is pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing, except for
such lack of Permits, noncompliance, suspensions or cancellations
that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except with
respect to matters that are the subjects of
Section 3.18 , Section 3.19 and
Section 3.20 , there are no defaults (with or without
notice or lapse of time or both) under, violations of, or events
giving rise to any right of termination, amendment or cancellation
of, any such Permits, except for such defaults, violations,
terminations, amendments or cancellations that would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.11 Litigation .
Except with respect to matters that are the subjects of
Section 3.18 , Section 3.19 and
Section 3.20 , and except as set forth in
Section 3.11 of the Company Schedule , there is no
Legal Proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened, (a) against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries,
the Shareholder Representative, or any of their respective
properties that (i) involves an amount in controversy in
excess of $1,000,000, or (ii) seeks to impose any material
legal restraint on or prohibition against or limit the Surviving
Entity’s or any of its Affiliates’ ability to operate
the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries substantially as
it was operated immediately prior to the date of this Agreement;
(b) against any current director or officer of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (in their respective capacities as such)
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any former director or officer
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (in their respective
capacities as such); or (c) against the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or any Shareholder or any of their respective
properties that challenges, or that has the effect of preventing,
delaying, making illegal or otherwise materially interfering with,
the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any
outstanding Decree that materially impairs the Company’s or
such Subsidiary’s ability to operate in the same manner it
operates on the date hereof. Section 3.11 of the Company
Schedule sets forth, for each Legal Proceeding listed thereon,
a brief description and the status thereof.
3.12 Assets . Except
as set forth on Section 3.12 of the Company Schedule ,
the Company and its Subsidiaries have (i) good and valid title
to all of the assets and properties (whether real, personal or
mixed, or tangible or intangible) material to the operation of
their business, taken as a whole (including all assets and
properties recorded on the Most Recent Company Balance Sheet, other
than assets and properties disposed of in the ordinary course of
business since the Most Recent Company Fiscal Year End), free and
clear of any Liens, other than Permitted Liens, and (ii) valid
leasehold interests in, or any other valid rights under Contract to
use, all of the assets and properties which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries lease or otherwise use, except where the failure
to have such title or interest would not have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
3.13 Material
Contracts .
(a) Section 3.13 of
the Company Schedule lists, as of the date hereof, all of the
Material Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is a party or that is
13
otherwise binding on the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries or any of the assets or property of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (each such listed Material Contract or
Material Contract otherwise required to be listed, or any Material
Contract that would be required to be listed if entered into from
and after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time, a
“ Company Material Contract ”).
(b) Except as set forth on
Section 3.13(b) of the Company Schedule , each Company
Material Contract, other than any Company Material Contract that by
its terms has expired or been terminated since the date hereof, is
valid and binding on the Company (and/or each Subsidiary of the
Company party thereto) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, is
valid and binding on each other party thereto and is in full force
and effect, except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or
similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of
creditors and by general principles of equity regardless of whether
considered in a proceeding in equity or at law. Except as set forth
on Section 3.13(b) of the Company Schedule , neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries party thereto, nor, to the
Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, is in breach of,
or default under, any Company Material Contract, and no event has
occurred that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute
such a breach or default thereunder by, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party
thereto, or would give rise to the right to declare a default or
exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity of, or to
cancel, terminate or modify any Company Material Contract, except
for such failures to be in full force and effect and such breaches,
defaults or events that would not have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
(c) Except as set forth on
Section 3.13(c) of the Company Schedule , the Company
has made available to Parent true, accurate and complete copies of
all Company Material Contracts.
3.14 Government
Contracts .
(a) Except as set forth on
Section 3.14(a) of the Company Schedule , with respect
to each Government Contract of the Company: (i) each of the
Company and its Subsidiaries has complied in all material respects
with all material terms and conditions and all Applicable Laws;
(ii) no written notice has been received by either the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries (and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
none has been threatened) alleging that the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries, or any director, officer or employee of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, is in material breach or violation of
any Applicable Law or contractual requirement thereunder; and
(iii) no written notice of termination has been received by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries thereunder.
(b) Except as set forth in
Section 3.14(b) of the Company Schedule , no
Governmental Entity nor any prime contractor, subcontractor or
vendor has asserted in writing any material claim or initiated any
material dispute proceeding against the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries relating to any Government Contract of the Company or
Government Bid of the Company, nor is the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries asserting any material claim or initiating any
material dispute proceeding directly or indirectly concerning any
such Government Contract or Government Bid.
14
(c) With respect to each
Government Contract of the Company and Government Bid of the
Company, except as set forth in Section 3.14(c) of the
Company Schedule :
(i) there are no assignments
of revenues or anticipated revenues pursuant to the federal
Assignment of Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3727;
(ii) all written
representations and certifications submitted by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries in order to induce the award of a Government
Contract or to induce payments under a Government Contract were
current, accurate and complete in all respects as of their
respective effective dates;
(iii) material pricing
discounts have been properly reported to and credited to the
customer;
(iv) the Company and its
Subsidiaries have maintained systems of internal controls that are
and have been in material compliance with all requirements of such
Government Contracts and Applicable Law;
(v) to the Knowledge of the
Company, as of the date hereof, the Company and its Subsidiaries
fully expect and intend to fully perform all of the obligations
under (and the Company and its Subsidiaries have all material
Governmental Entity authorizations and all material third-party
certifications and approvals required in order to perform) each
such Government Contract;
(vi) neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective partners,
principals or officers (nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any
of its or its Subsidiaries’ employees, agents or consultants)
have possessed or have accessed confidential or non-public
information to which they were not lawfully entitled;
and
(vii) the Company and each of
its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each of
their respective officers or directors is in compliance with
Applicable Laws and other administrative and contractual
restrictions associated with the employment of (or discussions
concerning possible employment with) current or former officials or
employees of a Governmental Entity (regardless of the branch of
government), in each case, in all respects material to the Company
and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(d) Except as set forth in
Section 3.14(d) of the Company Schedule , with respect
to each Government Contract of the Company and Government Bid of
the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor,
to the Knowledge of the Company, any of their respective corporate
directors or officers (i) is or during the past five
(5) years has been under investigation, indictment or audit
by, any Governmental Entity, nor (ii) has conducted or
initiated any investigation or made any disclosure to a
Governmental Entity with respect to any alleged irregularity,
misstatement or non-compliance, other than, in each of the cases in
clause (i) or (ii), for routine audits or non-material
disclosures.
(e) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any
of their respective shareholders, officers or directors, is or
within the past
15
three (3) years has been debarred,
suspended or deemed non-responsible or otherwise formally excluded
from participation in the award of a Government Contract of any
Person, nor is there any pending debarment, suspension or exclusion
proceeding that has been initiated against the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of their
predecessors, shareholders, officers or directors.
(f) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any
of their respective directors or officers, have (i) used any
funds of the Company or its Subsidiaries to offer or provide any
unlawful contribution, payment, kickback, bribe, gift, gratuity or
entertainment, or (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company made
any unlawful expenditures relating to political activity. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written (or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, oral) notice of any payment
identified in (i) or (ii) above, (hereinafter referred to
as an “ Unlawful Payment ”), and the Company and
its Subsidiaries have adequate financial controls to detect and
prevent any such Unlawful Payments. The Company and its
Subsidiaries have been in compliance in all material respects and
have, during all periods for which any applicable statute of
limitations has not expired, complied with the applicable
provisions of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as amended,
and other foreign Applicable Laws relating to corrupt practices and
similar matters.
(g) Section 3.14(g)
of the Company Schedule sets forth as of the date hereof a
current, complete and accurate list of all of Government Contracts
of the Company that are currently active in performance. Unless
listed on Section 3.14(g) of the Company Schedule as
being “closed,” each Government Contract of the Company
listed on Section 3.14(g) of the Company Schedule is in
full force and effect and constitutes a legal, valid and binding
agreement, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as may
be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference,
fraudulent transfer, moratorium or similar laws relating to or
affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general
principles of equity regardless of whether considered in a
proceeding in equity or law. No Government Contract of the Company
listed on Section 3.14(g) of the Company Schedule was
awarded on the basis of any qualification as a small business or
other set aside or preferential prime contractor or subcontractor
bidding status (collectively, a “ Preferred Bidder
Status ”). The Company has made available to Parent
complete and correct copies of those Government Contracts of the
Company listed on Section 3.14(g) of the Company
Schedule , together with all draft or final audit reports from
a Governmental Entity or other customer as received by the Company
pertaining to such Government Contracts.
(h) Section 3.14(h)
of the Company Schedule sets forth as of the date set forth in
such schedule (or if not indicated as of the date hereof) a
current, accurate and complete list of each of the Government Bids
which the Company or its Subsidiaries have submitted to a
Governmental Entity (or a prime contractor) for which no notice of
award decision has been received by the Company or its
Subsidiaries.
3.15 Real Property
.
(a) Section 3.15(a)
of the Company Schedule sets forth the address and a general
description of all material real property owned by the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries as of the date of this Agreement (the
“ Company Owned Real Property ”). With respect
to all Company Owned Real Property (other than Distributable
Property):
(i) the Company or one of its
Subsidiaries has good and marketable fee simple title, free and
clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens;
16
(ii) except as set forth on
Section 3.15(a) of the Company Schedule and except for
Permitted Liens, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has leased or otherwise granted to any Person the right to use or
occupy such Company Owned Real Property or any material portion
thereof; and
(iii) there are no
outstanding options, rights of first offer or rights of first
refusal to purchase such Company Owned Real Property or any portion
thereof or interest therein.
(b) Section 3.15(b)
of the Company Schedule contains a complete and accurate list
of the following:
(i) the address of each item
of material Leased Real Property used or occupied by the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (the “ Company Leased Real
Property ” and together with the Company Owned Real
Property, the “ Company Real Property ”)
pursuant to a Lease (the “ Company Leases ”),
and a true and complete list of all Company Leases. The Company has
made available to Parent a true and complete copy of each of the
Company Leases and, in the case of any oral Company Lease, a
written summary of the terms of such Company Lease; and
(ii) all Contracts or options
granted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contractual
obligations on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
to purchase or acquire any interest in real property material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(c) Except as set forth on
Section 3.15(c) of the Company Schedule , with respect
to each Company Lease, (i) such Lease is valid and binding on
the Company (and/or each Subsidiary of the Company party thereto)
and, to the Knowledge of the Company, is valid and binding on each
other party thereto and is in full force and effect, except as may
be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference,
fraudulent transfer, moratorium or similar laws relating to or
affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general
principles of equity regardless of whether considered in a
proceeding in equity or law; (ii) neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries party thereto, nor, to the Knowledge of the
Company, any other party thereto, is in breach of, or default
under, such Lease, and no event has occurred that with notice or
lapse of time or both would constitute such a breach or default
thereunder by, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, or would give
rise to the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy
under, or to accelerate the maturity of, or to cancel, terminate or
modify such Lease; (iii) neither the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries owes, or has any obligation to owe in the future, any
brokerage commissions or finder’s fees with respect to such
Lease; (iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
has collaterally assigned or granted any other security interest in
such
17
Lease or any interest therein; and
(v) there are no Liens, other than Permitted Liens, on the
estate or interest created by such Lease, except in the case of
clauses (i) through (v) as would not have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Except as would not
materially interfere with the use or operation thereof, the Company
Real Property has received all required approvals of Governmental
Entities (including Permits and a certificate of occupancy or other
similar certificate permitting lawful occupancy of the Company Real
Property) required in connection with the operation thereof. Except
as would not materially interfere with the use or operation of any
Company Real Property, all buildings, structures, improvements,
fixtures, building systems and equipment, and all components
thereof, included in the Company Real Property, including leasehold
improvements (the “ Company Improvements ”),
are, to the Knowledge of the Company, (x) in good operating
condition and repair, subject to ordinary wear and tear,
(y) sufficient for the operation of the Company’s or its
Subsidiaries’ business as presently conducted, and
(z) in conformity with all Applicable Laws.
(e) Except as set forth on
Section 3.15(e) of the Company Schedule , neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice
that it is in violation of any zoning, use, occupancy or building
regulation, ordinance or other Applicable Law or Decree relating to
the Company Real Property, and there is no condemnation,
expropriation or other proceeding in eminent domain pending, or to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, affecting the Company
Real Property or any portion thereof or interest
therein.
3.16 Intellectual
Property . Section 3.16 of the Company Schedule
contains a complete and accurate list of all of the following that
constitutes material Company Intellectual Property (identifying for
each, the owner, and, if not exclusively owned by the Company, the
license pursuant to which the Company has the right to use such
Intellectual Property): (i) patented or registered
Intellectual Property, (ii) pending patent applications or
applications for registration of Intellectual Property,
(iii) all computer software (other than commercially
available, off-the-shelf software with a replacement cost and/or
annual license fee of less than $100,000), and (iv) trade or
corporate names and material unregistered trademarks and service
marks. Except as set forth on Section 3.16 of the Company
Schedule or as would not have a Company Material Adverse
Effect:
(a) the Company and/or each
of its Subsidiaries owns, free and clear of all Liens, other than
Permitted Liens, or has a valid and enforceable license to use, all
Company Intellectual Property;
(b) the Company Intellectual
Property is valid, enforceable and subsisting and no loss of any
Company Intellectual Property is reasonably foreseeable;
(c) the Company and each of
its Subsidiaries have taken all customary actions necessary to
maintain, protect, and enforce the Company Intellectual Property,
including the confidentiality of its trade secrets and other
confidential information;
(d) the conduct of the
business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries does not
infringe, misappropriate or otherwise conflict with, and has not
within the last six (6) years
18
infringed, misappropriated or otherwise
conflicted with, any Intellectual Property of any third party, and
to the Knowledge of the Company, no third party is infringing,
misappropriating or otherwise conflicting with, or has within the
last six (6) years infringed, misappropriated or otherwise
conflicted with, any of the Company Intellectual Property;
and
(e) there are no claims
against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that were either
made within the past six (6) years or are presently pending
or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened, contesting the
ownership or use of any of the Company Intellectual
Property.
3.17 Insurance . The
Company and its Subsidiaries have all policies of insurance
covering the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
employees, properties or assets, which are reasonably customary for
the operation of its business. All such insurance policies are in
full force and effect, no notice of cancellation has been received,
and there is no existing default or event which, with the giving of
notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default, by any
insured thereunder, except for such defaults that would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. There is no material claim by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Affiliate thereof pending
under any of such insurance policies as to which coverage has been
questioned, denied or disputed by the underwriters of such policies
other than for routine matters in the ordinary course of business.
Except as set forth on Section 3.17 of the Company
Schedule , there is no pending claim that will exceed the
policy limits under any such insurance policy. None of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries maintain, sponsor, participate in or
contribute to any self-insurance plan or program.
3.18 Environmental
Matters . Except as set forth on Section 3.18 of the
Company Schedule :
(a) Each of the Company, its
Subsidiaries and their respective predecessors and Affiliates have
at all times complied and are in compliance with all Environmental
Laws, except for such noncompliance that would not have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, each of the Company, its Subsidiaries
and their respective predecessors and Affiliates have obtained and
at all times complied with, and are in compliance with, all Permits
that are required pursuant to Environmental Law for the occupation
of their facilities and the operation of their business, except for
such noncompliance that would not have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
(c) Neither the Company, nor
any of its Subsidiaries, nor their respective predecessors or
Affiliates has received any written or, to the Company’s
Knowledge, oral notice, report or other information regarding any
actual or alleged violation of Environmental Law, or any Liability,
including any investigatory, remedial or corrective obligations,
relating to any of them or their facilities or the conduct of their
respective businesses arising under Environmental Law, except for
such violations or Liability that would not have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(d) Neither the Company, nor
any of its Subsidiaries, nor their respective predecessors or
Affiliates has treated, stored, disposed of, arranged for or
permitted the disposal
19
of, transported, handled, manufactured,
distributed, exposed any person to, or Released any substance,
including without limitation any Hazardous Materials, or owned,
operated or conducted their business at or upon any property or
facility (and no such property or facility is contaminated by any
such substance) so as to give rise to any current or future
material Liabilities, including any material Liability for fines,
penalties, response costs, corrective action costs, personal
injury, property damage, natural resources damages or
attorneys’ fees, pursuant to the CERCLA, the Solid Waste
Disposal Act or any other Environmental Law.
(e) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has assumed, undertaken, or provided an
indemnity with respect to any material Liability, including any
obligation for corrective or remedial action, of any Person
relating to any Environmental Law.
(f) The Company has made
available to Parent true and correct copies of all environmental
audits, reports and assessments, and all other documents materially
bearing on environmental, health or safety liabilities, in each
case relating to the past or current operations, facilities or
business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case which
are in its possession or under its reasonable control.
3.19 Tax Matters .
Except as set forth on Section 3.19 of the Company
Schedule :
(a) The Company and each of
its Subsidiaries have filed or have caused to be timely filed all
material Tax Returns required to be filed by it (the “
Company Tax Returns ”). All such Company Tax Returns
were correct and complete in all material respects.
(b) All material Taxes due
and owing by the Company and each of its Subsidiaries (whether or
not shown on any Company Tax Return) have been paid or adequate
reserves therefor have been established on the Most Recent Company
Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.
(c) The Company and each of
its Subsidiaries have timely withheld or collected all material
Taxes that they were required to withhold or collect under
Applicable Law from their employees, customers, shareholders,
creditors and others from whom they are or were required to
withhold Taxes and have timely paid all such withheld amounts to
the appropriate taxing authorities.
(d) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is currently the subject of an audit,
judicial proceeding or other examination in respect of Taxes by the
tax authorities of any nation, state or locality (and, to the
Knowledge of the Company, no such audit, judicial proceeding or
other examination is contemplated). The Company has made available
to Parent correct and complete copies of all examination reports,
closing agreements and statements of deficiencies assessed against
or agreed to by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries filed or
received since December 31, 2003.
(e) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has consented in writing to extend the
statutory period of limitations applicable to any claim for, or the
period for the collection or assessment of, Taxes of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries due for any taxable period.
20
(f) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of any claim by
any taxing authority in a jurisdiction where such Company or
Subsidiary does not file Company Tax Returns that such Company or
Subsidiary is or may be subject to taxation by that
jurisdiction.
(g) No material Liens for
Taxes exist with respect to any of the assets or properties of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for Permitted
Liens.
(h) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Tax indemnity
agreement, Tax sharing agreement or Tax allocation
agreement.
(i) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract which,
individually or collectively with respect to any Person, could give
rise to the payment of any amount that would not be deductible by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by reason of
Section 280G of the Code (or any corresponding provision of
United States or non-United States federal, state and local Tax
law) as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby or by any
other Related Agreement.
(j) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any “listed
transaction”, or any reportable transaction the principal
purpose of which was tax avoidance, within the meaning of
Section 6011, Section 6111 and Section 6112 of the
Code.
(k) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is, or has been, a United States real
property holding company (as defined in Section 897(c)(2) of
the Code) during the applicable period specified in
Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.
(l) In the past five
(5) years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
been either a “controlled corporation” or a
“distributing corporation” (within the meaning of
Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) with respect to a
transaction that was described in, or intended to qualify as a
Tax-free transaction pursuant to Section 355 of the
Code.
(m) Since December 31,
2004, each plan, program, arrangement or agreement that constitutes
in any part a nonqualified deferred compensation plan within the
meaning of Section 409A of the Code has been operated and
maintained in accordance with the requirements of IRS Notice 2005-1
and a good faith, reasonable interpretation of Section 409A of
the Code with respect to amounts deferred (within the meaning of
Section 409A of the Code) after December 31,
2004.
(n) The Company has been a
validly electing S corporation within the meaning of
Section 1361 and 1362 of the Code (and similar provisions of
state and local law) at all times since January 1, 1996, and
the Company will be an S corporation up to an including the Closing
Date.
(o) Section 3.19(o)
of the Company Schedule identifies each Subsidiary of the
Company that is a qualified subchapter S subsidiary within the
meaning of Code Section 1361(b)(3)(B). Each Subsidiary of the
Company so identified has been a qualified subchapter S subsidiary
at all times since the date shown on such schedule up to and
including the Closing Date.
21
3.20 Labor Matters .
Except as set forth on Section 3.20 of the Company
Schedule , as it relates to the Company and its Subsidiaries:
(i) as of the date hereof, there is no collective bargaining
agreement or relationship covering employees of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries; (ii) there are no pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened, material labor or employment
controversies or disputes, including any Legal Proceeding alleging
alleged unlawful harassment, employment discrimination, unfair
labor practices, unpaid wages, unsafe workplace, unlawful wage or
immigration practices, or unlawful tax withholding practices;
(iii) there is no strike, slowdown, work stoppage, lockout or
other material labor dispute underway, or threatened, and no such
labor dispute has occurred within the past three (3) years;
(iv) the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with
all laws affecting labor and employment, except for instances of
noncompliance that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
result in a Company Material Adverse Effect; (v) with respect
to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, all bargaining
obligations with any employee representative have been or prior to
Closing will be satisfied; and (vi) within the past three
(3) years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
implemented any employee layoffs in violation of the Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 or any similar
Applicable Laws (collectively, the “ WARN Act
”), and no such action will be implemented without advance
notification to Parent. Except as set forth on Section 3.20
of the Company Schedule , neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries party thereto, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company,
any other party thereto, is in breach of, or default under, any
collective bargaining agreement or relationship covering employees
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and no event has
occurred that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute
such a breach or default thereunder by, the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party
thereto, or would give rise to the right to declare a default or
exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity of, or to
cancel, terminate or modify any such collective bargaining
contract, except for such failures to be in full force and effect
and such breaches, defaults or events that would not have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
3.21 Employment
Matters .
(a) Section 3.21(a)
of the Company Schedule sets forth each material Company
Employee Plan. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
any stated plan, intention or commitment to establish any new
Company Employee Plan, to modify any Company Employee Plan (except
to the extent required by Applicable Law or to conform any such
Company Employee Plan to the requirements of any Applicable Law, in
each case as previously disclosed to Parent in writing), or to
enter into or terminate any Company Employee Plan.
(b) The Company has made
available to Parent (i) correct and complete copies of each
Company Employee Plan and each summary plan description and summary
of material modifications thereto; (ii) the three
(3) most recent annual reports (Series 5500 and all schedules
thereto), if any, required under ERISA or the Code in connection
with each Company Employee Plan or related trust; (iii) if any
Company Employee Plan is funded, the most recent annual and
periodic accounting of Company Employee Plan assets; and
(iv) each trust, insurance policy or other funding mechanism
which implements each Company Employee Plan.
22
(c) The Company and each of
its Subsidiaries has performed in all material respects all
obligations required to be performed by it under each Company
Employee Plan and each Company Employee Plan has been established,
maintained, funded and operated in accordance with its terms, the
terms of any applicable collective bargaining agreement and in
compliance with all Applicable Law, including ERISA and the Code.
Each Company Employee Plan intended to qualify under
Section 401(a) of the Code and each trust intended to qualify
under Section 501(a) of the Code is so qualified and has
either received a favorable determination letter or opinion letter
from the IRS with respect to such Company Employee Plan as to its
qualified status under the Code, and to the Knowledge of the
Company, nothing has occurred since the date of the last such
determination as to each Company Employee Plan which has resulted
or is likely to result in the revocation of such determination or
which requires or could require action under the compliance
resolution programs of the IRS to preserve such qualification.
There are no Legal Proceedings pending, or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened or anticipated (other than routine claims for
benefits) against any Company Employee Plan or fiduciary thereto or
against the assets of any Company Employee Plan. Each Company
Employee Plan can be amended, terminated or otherwise discontinued
after the Effective Time in accordance with its terms, without
liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, Parent or any of
its ERISA Affiliates (other than ordinary administration expenses
typically incurred in a termination event). There are no audits,
inquiries investigations or proceedings pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened by the IRS, DOL or other
Governmental Entity with respect to any Company Employee Plan. All
annual reports and other filings required by the DOL or the IRS to
be made with respect to each Company Employee Plan have been timely
and completely made.
(d) Except as set forth on
Section 3.21(d) of the Company Schedule , none of the
Company, any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates now, or has
ever, maintained, established, sponsored, participated in, or
contributed to, any plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or
Section 412 of the Code, other than a Multiemployer Plan. None
of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates has
incurred, nor do they reasonably expect to incur, any liability
with respect to any transaction described in Section 4069 of
ERISA. Except as set forth on Section 3.21(d) of the
Company Schedule , no Company Employee Plan is a multiple
employer plan as defined in Section 210 of ERISA.
(e) None of the Company, any
of its Subsidiaries or any of its ERISA Affiliates (i) has
incurred any Liability on account of a “partial
withdrawal” or “complete withdrawal” from any
Multiemployer Plan (as described in Sections 4205 and 4203 of the
Code, respectively), no such Liability has been asserted, and there
are no events or circumstances which have occurred which could
result in any such partial or complete withdrawal; or (ii) is
bound by any contract or agreement or has any obligation or
Liability under Section 4204 of ERISA.
(f) The execution and
delivery by the Company of this Agreement and any other Related
Agreement to which the Company is a party, and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, will not conflict
with or result in any violation of or default under (with or
without notice or lapse of time, or both), or give rise to a right
of termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any
obligation or loss of any benefit under, any Company Employee Plan,
trust or loan that could reasonably be expected to result
in
23
any payment (whether of severance pay or
otherwise), acceleration, forgiveness of indebtedness, vesting,
distribution, increase in benefits or obligation to fund benefits
with respect to any Employee.
(g) No Company Employee Plan
provides, or has any Liability to provide, life insurance, medical
or other employee welfare benefits to any Employee upon his or her
retirement or termination of employment for any reason, except as
may be required by Applicable Law.
(h) All contributions and
premium payments required to be made to or with respect to each
Company Employee Plan prior to the Effective Time have been timely
made in accordance with each such Company Employee Plan and
Applicable Law and all contributions and premium payments not yet
due to or with respect to each Company Employee Plan have been made
or properly accrued. There have been no Prohibited Transactions
with respect to any Company Employee Plan which could result in a
material liability to the Company. The Company, its Subsidiaries
and any ERISA Affiliates have complied with the requirements of
COBRA in all material respects.
3.22 Interested Party
Transactions .
(a) Except as set forth on
Section 3.22(a) of the Company Schedule , to the
Knowledge of the Company, no officer or director of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (nor any ancestor, sibling, descendant or
spouse of any of such Person, or any trust, partnership or
corporation in which any of such Persons has an economic interest
in excess of five percent (5%) of the ownership interests
therein), has, directly or indirectly, (i) an economic
interest in any Person that furnishes or sells, or has furnished or
sold during or since January 1, 2007, services or products
that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, furnishes or sells;
(ii) an economic interest in any Person that purchases from or
sells or furnishes to, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any
goods or services; or (iii) a beneficial interest in any
material Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is a party or by which they or their properties are bound;
provided , however , that ownership of debt or equity
interests not exceeding one percent (1%) of the outstanding
voting stock of an entity shall not be deemed an “economic
interest in any entity” for purposes of this
Section 3.22 .
(b) Except as set forth on
Section 3.22(b) of the Company Schedule , there are no
material receivables of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
owing by any officer or director of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries (or any ancestor, sibling, descendant or spouse of any
of such Person, or any trust, partnership or corporation in which
any of such Persons has an economic interest in excess of five
percent (5%) of the ownership interests therein), other than
advances in the ordinary and usual course of business for
reimbursable business expenses (as determined in accordance with
the Company’s established employee reimbursement policies and
consistent with past practice). Except with respect to the personal
guarantees by the Shareholder Representative set forth in
Section 3.22(b) of the Company Schedule , none of the
Shareholders has agreed to, or assumed, any obligation or duty to
guaranty or otherwise assume or incur any obligation or liability
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
24
3.23 Certain Payments;
Suitability .
(a) None of Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Company’s Knowledge, any of
their respective corporate officers or directors, acting alone or
together, has performed any of the following acts: (i) the
making of any contribution, payment, remuneration, bribe, rebate,
influence payment, payoff, kickback, gift or other form of economic
benefit, whether in money, property, or services (a “
Payment ”), to or for the private use of any
governmental official, employee or agent where the Payment or the
purpose of the Payment was in violation of Applicable Law, or
(ii) the establishment or maintenance of any unrecorded fund,
asset or liability for any purpose or the making of any false or
artificial entries on its books or records.
(b) None of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Company’s Knowledge, any
of their respective corporate officers or directors, acting alone
or together: (i) has ever been indicted for or convicted of
any felony or any crime involving fraud or misrepresentation;
(ii) is subject to any outstanding Decree barring, suspending
or otherwise limiting the right of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or such Person to engage in any activity conducted as
part of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as
currently conducted; or (iii) to the Company’s
Knowledge, has ever been denied any Permit affecting the
Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s or such
Person’s ability to conduct any activity conducted as part of
the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.24 Indemnification .
Other than pursuant to its articles of incorporation or bylaws or
other comparable organizational documents, neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any material indemnification
agreement with any of its present or former managers, officers,
directors, employees or other Persons who serve or served in any
other official capacity with the Company, any Subsidiary of the
Company or any other enterprise at the request of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries.
3.25 Required Vote .
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, voting together or
acting by written consent as a class, for the approval of this
Agreement, is the only vote or action of the holders of any class
or series of the Equity Interests of the Company necessary to adopt
or approve this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby,
which shall be satisfied in full by the delivery of the Company
Shareholder Written Consent.
3.26 Certain Approvals;
Takeover Laws . The Company, including the board of directors
of the Company, has taken all action required to be taken by it in
order to exempt this Agreement and the other Related Agreements and
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby from, and this
Agreement and the other Related Agreements are exempt from, the
requirements of all applicable “moratorium”,
“control share”, “fair price” and other
anti-takeover Applicable Laws (each a “ Takeover Law
”).
3.27 Brokers’ and
Finders’ Fees . Except as set forth on
Section 3.27 of the Company Schedule , no broker,
finder, agent, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person
is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, agent’s,
investment banker’s, financial advisor’s or other
similar fee or commission in connection with the Merger or any
other transactions contemplated
25
by this Agreement or any other Related
Agreement (including for these purposes any inquiry of any sale of
any Equity Interests of the Company considered in lieu thereof)
based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries or any of the Shareholders.
3.28 Ownership of Parent
Equity Interests . Neither the Company nor any of its
Affiliates beneficially owns any Equity Interests of Parent (for
avoidance of doubt, other than the Shareholders’ right to
acquire Parent Shares pursuant to the transactions contemplated
hereby and the other Related Agreements), other than, in the case
of the Shareholder Representative, the beneficial ownership of any
Equity Interests of Parent as a result of his employment by Parent
as of the date hereof. Neither the Company nor any of its
Affiliates is, or has been within the two-year period immediately
prior to the date of this Agreement, an “interested
shareholder” of Parent as those terms are defined in any
applicable Takeover Law.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE SHAREHOLDERS
Each Shareholder hereby
represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as of the date
hereof as follows:
4.1 Ownership of Subject
Shares . Except as set forth on Section 4.1 of the
Company Schedule , Shareholder has good and marketable title to
the Equity Interests of the Company corresponding to Shareholder on
Exhibit A hereto (with respect to any such Shareholder, the
“ Subject Shares ”) free and clear of any and
all Liens. Except for the Subject Shares, Shareholder does not own
or have any interest in any other Equity Interests of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries.
4.2 Authority . Except
as set forth on Section 4.2 of the Company Schedule ,
Shareholder has all requisite power and authority to execute and
deliver this Agreement and all other Related Agreements to which it
is or is to be a party and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby and to perform its obligations
hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery by Shareholder
of this Agreement and the other Related Agreements to which it is
or is to be a party and the consummation by Shareholder of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly
authorized by all necessary action on the part of Shareholder (and
for any Shareholder that is not a natural person, no additional
corporate or trust proceedings on the part of Shareholder are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or any other Related
Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby or thereby). This Agreement and the other Related Agreements
to which Shareholder is a party has been duly executed and
delivered by Shareholder and, assuming the due authorization,
execution and delivery by the Company, Parent and Merger Sub and
any other counterparty thereto, constitutes a legal, valid and
binding obligation of Shareholder, enforceable against Shareholder
in accordance with its terms, except as (a) may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and
other similar laws affecting or relating to creditors’ rights
generally and (b) is subject to general principles of
equity.
26
4.3 No Conflict .
Except as set forth on Section 4.3 of the Company
Schedule , none of the execution, delivery or performance by
Shareholder of this Agreement or any other Related Agreements to
which it is or is to be a party, the consummation by Shareholder of
the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or the compliance
by Shareholder with any of the provisions hereof or thereof:
(i) for any Shareholder that is not a natural person, violate
or conflict with any provision of its certificate of incorporation
or bylaws or other comparable organizational documents;
(ii) violate, conflict with, or result in the breach of or
constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of
time or both would become a default) under, or result in the
termination of, or accelerate the performance required by or
modification to the terms or conditions of, or result in a right of
termination, acceleration or modification under, any Contract to
which Shareholder is a party or by which Shareholder or any of its
properties or assets may be bound; (iii) violate or conflict
with any Applicable Law or Decree applicable to Shareholder or by
which its properties or assets are bound; or (iv) result in
the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of
Shareholder.
4.4 Investment .
Shareholder is not acquiring any Parent Shares with a view to or
for sale in connection with any distribution thereof within the
meaning of the Securities Act. Shareholder has been advised that
the Parent Shares it will obtain as a result of the transactions
contemplated hereby have not been registered under the Securities
Act or any state securities laws and, therefore, cannot be resold
unless they are registered under the Securities Act and applicable
state securities laws or unless an exemption from such registration
requirements is available.
4.5 S Corporation
Status . Shareholder is an eligible S corporation shareholder
under Section 1361(b)(1)(B), Section 1361(c)(2) or
Section 1361(c)(6) of the Code.
4.6 Accredited
Investor . Shareholder is an accredited investor as defined in
Regulation D under the Securities Act, is experienced in evaluating
companies such as Parent, is able to independently evaluate the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, has such knowledge and
experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of
evaluating the merits and risks of its investment and has the
ability to bear the economic risks of its investment.
4.7 Ownership of Parent
Equity Interests . Except as set forth on Section 4.7
of the Company Schedule , neither Shareholder nor any of its
Affiliates beneficially owns any Equity Interests of Parent (for
avoidance of doubt, other than the right to acquire Parent Shares
pursuant to the transactions contemplated hereby and the other
Related Agreements), other than, in the case of the Shareholder
Representative, the beneficial ownership of any Equity Interests of
Parent as a result of his employment by Parent as of the date
hereof. Neither Shareholder nor any of its Affiliates is, or has
been within the two-year period immediately prior to the date of
this Agreement, an “interested shareholder” of Parent
as those terms are defined in any applicable Takeover
Law.
27
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF PARENT
Parent hereby represents and
warrants to the Company and the Shareholders as of the date hereof
as follows, it being understood that such representations and
warranties are made subject to any exception thereto reasonably
apparent in any disclosure set forth in any Parent SEC Reports
filed by Parent with, or furnished by Parent to, the SEC at any
time on or prior to the date hereof:
5.1 Organization and
Qualification . Parent is a corporation duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Massachusetts. Merger Sub is a limited liability company duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of
the State of California. Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all
requisite corporate or limited liability power and authority to
own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business.
Each of Parent and Merger Sub is duly qualified or licensed to do
business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each
jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the ownership,
leasing, holding or use of its properties makes such qualification
necessary, except such other jurisdictions where the failure to be
so qualified or licensed or in good standing would not have a
Parent Material Adverse Effect. Each of Parent and Merger Sub has
made available to the Company a true and correct copy of its
articles of organization and bylaws or other comparable
organizational documents, each as amended to date and in full force
and effect on the date hereof.
5.2 Subsidiaries
.
(a) Section 5.2(a) of
the Parent Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of each
Subsidiary of Parent, together with (i) the jurisdiction of
formation of each such Subsidiary, (ii) the percentage of the
outstanding Equity Interests of such Subsidiary owned by Parent or
any of its other Subsidiaries, and (iii) if applicable, each
other holder of Equity Interests of such Subsidiary. Neither Parent
nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any Equity Interest in any Person
other than the Subsidiaries set forth in Section 5.2(a) of
the Parent Schedule . All Equity Interests of each Subsidiary
of Parent owned by Parent or any of its other Subsidiaries are
owned free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted
Liens.
(b) Each Subsidiary of Parent
is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the
extent applicable) under the Applicable Laws of its jurisdiction of
formation. Each Subsidiary of Parent has all requisite power and
authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on
its business. Each Subsidiary of Parent is duly qualified or
licensed to do business and is in good standing (to the extent
applicable) as a foreign organization in each jurisdiction in which
the conduct of its business or the ownership, leasing, holding or
use of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except
such other jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or
licensed or in good standing would not have a Parent Material
Adverse Effect. Parent has made available to the Company a true and
correct copy of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws or
other comparable organizational documents of each Subsidiary of
Parent, each as amended to date and in full force and effect on the
date hereof.
28
(c) All of the outstanding
share capital of each of Parent’s Subsidiaries has been duly
authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and
non-assessable.
(d) There are no Subsidiaries
of Merger Sub.
5.3 Authority . Each
of Parent and Merger Sub has all requisite power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and all other Related Agreements
to which it is or is to be a party and subject, in the case of the
consummation of the Share Issuance and the Charter Amendment, to
the receipt of the Parent Shareholder Approval, to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and to perform its
obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery by
each of Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement and the other
Related Agreements to which it is or is to be a party and the
consummation by each of Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all
necessary corporate action on the part of each of Parent and Merger
Sub, and no additional corporate proceedings on the part of Parent
and Merger Sub are necessary to authorize this Agreement or any
other Related Agreement or the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby, other than in the case of the
consummation of the Share Issuance and the Charter Amendment,
obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, (a) the Parent Board, acting upon
the recommendation of the Special Committee, has duly and validly
adopted resolutions (i) determining that this Agreement and
the other Related Agreements to which it is or is to be a party and
the Merger, the Share Issuance, the Charter Amendment and the other
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby are advisable, fair to
and in the best interests of Parent and the Parent Shareholders;
(ii) approving this Agreement and the other Related Agreements
to which it is or is to be a party and the Merger, the Share
Issuance, the Charter Amendment and the other transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby; and (iii) recommending that
the Parent Shareholders approve the Share Issuance and the Charter
Amendment at the Parent Shareholders Meeting, which resolutions
have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any
way; and (b) the sole member of Merger Sub has duly and
validly adopted resolutions and, simultaneously with the execution
and delivery of this Agreement has executed and delivered (or
immediately thereafter will execute and deliver), its written
consent (i) determining that this Agreement and the other
Related Agreements to which Merger Sub is or is to be a party and
the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby are advisable, fair to and in the best interests of Merger
Sub and its members; and (ii) approving this Agreement and the
other Related Agreements to which it is or is to be a party and the
Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby,
which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or
withdrawn in any way. This Agreement and the other Related
Agreements to which Parent or Merger Sub is or is to be a party
have been duly executed and delivered by each of Parent and Merger
Sub, as appropriate, and, assuming the due authorization, execution
and delivery by the Company and the Shareholders and any other
counterparty thereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding
obligation of Parent and Merger Sub, as appropriate, enforceable
against Parent and Merger Sub, as appropriate, in accordance with
its terms, except as (a) may be limited by applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other
similar laws affecting or relating to creditors’ rights
generally, and (b) is subject to general principles of
equity.
29
5.4 No Conflict . None
of the execution, delivery or performance by Parent or Merger Sub
of this Agreement or any other Related Agreements to which it is or
is to be a party, the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or the compliance by
Parent or Merger Sub with any of the provisions hereof or thereof
do or will: (i) violate or conflict with any provision of its
certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other comparable
organizational documents; (ii) violate or conflict with any
provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other
comparable organizational documents of any of Parent’s
Subsidiaries (other than Merger Sub); (iii) except as set
forth in Section 5.4 of the Parent Schedule and subject
to obtaining the Consents set forth in Section 5.5 of the
Parent Schedule , violate, conflict with, or result in the
breach of or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or
lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or result in
the termination of, or accelerate the performance required by or
modification to the terms or conditions of, or result in a right of
termination, acceleration or modification under, any Contract to
which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which
Parent, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their properties or
assets may be bound; (iv) assuming compliance with the matters
referred to in Section 5.5 of the Parent Schedule and,
in the case of the consummation of the Share Issuance and the
Charter Amendment, subject to obtaining the Parent Shareholder
Approval, and the other approvals referenced in
Section 5.3 , as applicable, violate or conflict with
any Applicable Law or Decree applicable to Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries or by which any of their properties or assets are
bound; or (v) result in the creation of any Lien upon any of
the properties or assets of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries,
except in the case of each of clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and
(v) above, for such violations, conflicts, breaches, defaults,
terminations, accelerations or Liens that would not have a Parent
Material Adverse Effect.
5.5 Governmental
Consents . Except as set forth in Section 5.5 of the
Parent Schedule , no Consent of any Governmental Entity is
required on the part of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries in
connection with the execution, delivery or performance by Parent or
Merger Sub of this Agreement or any other Related Agreement to
which it is or is to be a party or the consummation by Parent or
Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby,
except (a) the filing and recordation of the Certificate of
Merger with the California Secretary of State, the filing and
recordation of the Articles of Amendment with the Massachusetts
Secretary of State and such filings with Governmental Entities to
satisfy the Applicable Laws of states in which Parent and its
Subsidiaries are qualified to do business; (b) such filings
and approvals as may be required by any federal or state securities
laws, including compliance with any applicable requirements of the
Exchange Act; (c) compliance with any applicable requirements
of the Antitrust Laws; (d) such filings and approvals as may
be required by the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE;
and (e) such other Consents, the failure of which to obtain
would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
5.6 Capitalization
.
(a) The authorized capital
stock of Parent consists of (i) 40,000,000 shares of Parent
Common Stock and (ii) 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par
value $1.00 per share, of Parent (the “ Parent Preferred
Stock ”). As of March 20, 2008: (A) 27,147,000
shares of Parent Common Stock were issued and outstanding, and
(B) no shares of Parent Preferred Stock were issued and
outstanding. All outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock are
validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of any
preemptive rights. Since March 20, 2008, Parent has
not
30
issued any shares of Parent Capital
Stock other than (i) pursuant to the exercise of options to
purchase Parent Common Stock or the vesting of Parent RSUs
outstanding as of March 20, 2008 or issued since that date in
the ordinary course of business, (ii) pursuant to agreements
existing as of the date hereof set forth in the Parent Schedule, or
(iii) in the ordinary course of business in accordance with
Section 6.2 .
(b) As of March 20,
2008, Parent had reserved 2,509,506 shares of Parent Common Stock
for issuance under the Parent Equity Plans. As of March 20,
2008, (i) 36,500 shares of Parent Common Stock were issuable
upon the exercise of outstanding Parent Options (whether or not
vested), and (ii) 925,001 shares of Parent Common Stock were
issuable upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock units to
acquire Parent Common Stock (“ Parent RSUs ”),
and, since such date, Parent has not granted, committed to grant or
otherwise created or assumed any obligation with respect to any
Parent Options or Parent RSUs, other than as permitted by
Section 6.2 .
(c) All of the outstanding
Equity Interests of Parent have been issued in compliance in all
material respects with Applicable Law and the articles of
organization and bylaws of Parent.
(d) Except as set forth on
Section 5.6 of the Parent Schedule , neither Parent nor
any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract restricting the
transfer of, relating to the voting of, requiring registration of,
or granting any preemptive rights, anti-dilutive rights or rights
of first refusal or similar rights with respect to any Equity
Interests of Parent or any other shareholders agreement or other
similar agreement restricting the election or appointment of
directors of the Company.
5.7 SEC Reports; Financial
Statements .
(a) Parent has timely filed
or furnished (as applicable) all forms, reports and documents with
the SEC that have been required to be so filed or furnished (as
applicable) by it since January 1, 2005 under the Securities
Act or the Exchange Act (all such forms, reports and documents,
together with any other forms, reports or other documents filed or
furnished (as applicable) by Parent with the SEC during such
period, whether or not required to be so filed or furnished, the
“ Parent SEC Reports ”). Each Parent SEC Report
complied as of its filing date in all material respects with the
applicable requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act,
as the case may be, each as in effect on the date such SEC Report
was filed. As of its filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a
filing, on the date of such amended or superseded filing), each
Parent SEC Report did not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. Each of the principal executive officer and
the principal financial officer of Parent (or each former principal
executive officer and principal financial officer of Parent, as
applicable) has made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or
15d-14 promulgated under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906
of SOX with respect to the Parent SEC Reports. For purposes of the
immediately preceding sentence, “principal executive
officer” and “principal financial officer” shall
have the meanings given to such terms in SOX.
31
(b) The Parent SEC Reports
contain the audited consolidated balance sheets and the related
audited consolidated income statements, changes in
shareholders’ equity and cash flow of Parent and its
Subsidiaries as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31,
2005, 2006 and 2007 and the opinion of Deloitte & Touche
LLP, Parent’s independent auditor, thereon (the most recent
audited balance sheet set forth therein “ Most Recent
Parent Audited Balance Sheet ” and the date as of, the
“ Most Recent Parent Fiscal Year End ”; the
financial statements referred to in this Section 5.7(b)
, the “ Parent Financial Statements
”).
(c) The Parent Financial
Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP as in
effect on the respective dates thereof applied on a consistent
basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated
therein or in the notes thereto and except with respect to
unaudited statements as permitted by the rules of the SEC for a
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) and (ii) fairly present in
accordance with GAAP (subject, in the case of the unaudited interim
financial statements, to normal, recurring year-end audit
adjustments that were not or are not expected to be, individually
or in the aggregate, materially adverse to Parent) the consolidated
financial position of Parent and its Subsidiaries as of the
respective dates thereof and the consolidated results of their
operations and cash flows for the respective periods then
ended.
(d) Except as set forth on
Section 5.7(d) of the Parent Schedule , Parent
maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to
provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are
executed in accordance with management’s general or specific
authorizations; (ii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management’s general or specific
authorization; and (iii) the recorded accountability for
assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals
and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
Except as set forth on Section 5.7(d) of the Parent
Schedule , since December 31, 2007, Parent’s outside
auditors and the audit committee of the board of directors of
Parent have not been advised of (A) any significant
deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which adversely affect
the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial information, or (B) any fraud, whether or not
material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting.
5.8 No Undisclosed
Liabilities . Neither Parent nor any of Parent’s
Subsidiaries has any Liability that would be required by GAAP, as
in effect on the date thereof, to be reflected on a consolidated
balance sheet of Parent and its Subsidiaries except for
(a) Liabilities reflected or reserved against in the Most
Recent Parent Audited Balance Sheet; (b) Liabilities incurred
in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
since the Most Recent Parent Fiscal Year End; (c) Liabilities
that arose under, or were incurred in connection with the
transactions contemplated by, this Agreement; or
(d) Liabilities that would not have a Parent Material Adverse
Effect. Except as set forth on Section 5.8 of the Parent
Schedule , neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a
party or subject to, or has any commitment to become a party to any
“off-balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in
Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K).
5.9 Absence of Certain
Changes .
(a) Since the Most Recent
Parent Fiscal Year End, except for actions expressly contemplated
by this Agreement or any other Related Agreement, expressly
consented
32
to in writing by the Company from and
after the date hereof or set forth on Section 5.9 of the
Parent Schedule , (i) the business of Parent and its
Subsidiaries has been conducted, in all material respects, in the
ordinary course consistent with past practice and (ii) there
has not been a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Without limiting the
generality of Section 5.9(a) , Parent and its
Subsidiaries have not since the Most Recent Parent Fiscal Year End
and prior to the date of this Agreement taken any action, or failed
to take any action, which if taken from and after the date hereof
would be restricted by Section 6.2 .
5.10 Compliance with Laws
and Permits .
(a) Except with respect to
matters that are the subjects of Section 5.18 ,
Section 5.19 and Section 5.20 , Parent and
each of its Subsidiaries is and during the last three
(3) years has been in compliance with all Applicable Laws and
Decrees, except for such noncompliance that would not have a Parent
Material Adverse Effect. None of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries
has received any written, or the Knowledge of Parent, oral, notice
(i) of any non-routine administrative, civil or criminal
investigation or audit (other than Tax audits, which are address in
Section 5.19 ) by any Governmental Entity relating to
Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) from any
Governmental Entity alleging that Parent or any of its Subsidiaries
is not or has not been in compliance with any Applicable Law or
Decree, that, if adversely determined (as to both subsections
(i) and (ii) above), would have a material adverse effect
on Parent.
(b) Except with respect to
matters that are the subjects of Section 5.18 ,
Section 5.19 and Section 5.20 , Parent and
each of its Subsidiaries has and during the last three
(3) years has had in effect all Permits necessary for it to
own, lease or otherwise hold and operate its properties and assets
and to carry on its businesses and operations as now conducted, and
no suspension or cancellation of any such Permits is pending or, to
the Knowledge of Parent, threatened in writing, except for such
lack of Permits, noncompliance, suspensions or cancellations that
would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect. Except with
respect to matters that are the subjects of
Section 5.18 , Section 5.19 and
Section 5.20 , there are no defaults (with or without
notice or lapse of time or both) under, violations of, or events
giving rise to any right of termination, amendment or cancellation
of, any such Permits, except for such defaults, violations,
terminations, amendments or cancellations that would not have a
Parent Material Adverse Effect.
5.11 Litigation .
Except with respect to matters that are the subjects of
Section 5.18 , Section 5.19 and
Section 5.20 , and except as set forth in
Section 5.11 of the Parent Schedule , there is no Legal
Proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened,
(a) against Parent, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective properties that (i) involves an amount in
controversy in excess of $1,000,000, or (ii) seeks to impose
any material legal restraint on or prohibition against or limit the
Surviving Entity’s or any of its Affiliates’ ability to
operate the business of Parent and its Subsidiaries (including the
Company and its Subsidiaries from and after the Effective Time)
substantially as it was operated immediately prior to the date of
this Agreement; (b) against any current director or officer of
Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (in their respective capacities
as such) or, to the Knowledge of Parent, any former director or
officer of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (in their respective
capacities as such); or (c) against Parent or
33
any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective properties that challenges, or that has the effect of
preventing, delaying, making illegal or otherwise materially
interfering with, the Merger or any of the other transactions
contemplated hereby. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is
subject to any outstanding Decree that materially impairs
Parent’s or such Subsidiary’s ability to operate in the
same manner it operates on the date hereof. Section 5.11 of
the Parent Schedule sets forth, for each Legal Proceeding
listed thereon, a brief description and the status
thereof.
5.12 Assets . Parent
and its Subsidiaries have (i) good and valid title to all of
the assets and properties (whether real, personal or mixed, or
tangible or intangible) material to the operation of their
business, taken as a whole (including all assets and properties
recorded on the Most Recent Parent Audited Balance Sheet, other
than assets and properties disposed of in the ordinary course of
business since the Most Recent Parent Fiscal Year End), free and
clear of any Liens, other than Permitted Liens, and (ii) valid
leasehold interests in, or any other valid rights under Contract to
use, all of the assets and properties which Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries lease or otherwise use, except where the failure to
have such title or interest would not have a Parent Material
Adverse Effect.
5.13 Material
Contracts .
(a) Section 5.13 of
the Parent Schedule lists, as of the date hereof, all of the
Material Contracts to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party or that is otherwise binding on Parent, any of its
Subsidiaries or any of the assets or property of Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries (each such listed Material Contract or Material
Contract otherwise required to be listed, or any Material Contract
that would be required to be listed if entered into from and after
the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time, a “
Parent Material Contract ”).
(b) Each Parent Material
Contract, other than any Parent Material Contract that by its terms
has expired or been terminated since the date hereof, is valid and
binding on Parent (and/or each Subsidiary of Parent party thereto)
and, to the Knowledge of Parent, is valid and binding on each other
party thereto and is in full force and effect, except as may be
limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference,
fraudulent transfer, moratorium or similar laws relating to or
affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general
principles of equity regardless of whether considered in a
proceeding in equity or at law. Neither Parent nor any of its
Subsidiaries party thereto, nor, to the Knowledge of Parent, any
other party thereto, is in breach of, or default under, any Parent
Material Contract, and no event has occurred that with notice or
lapse of time or both would constitute such a breach or default
thereunder by, Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the
Knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto, or would give rise to
the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to
accelerate the maturity of, or to cancel, terminate or modify any
Parent Material Contract, except for such failures to be in full
force and effect and such breaches, defaults or events that would
not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(c) Parent has made available
to the Company true, accurate and complete copies of all Parent
Material Contracts.
34
5.14 Government
Contracts .
(a) Except as set forth on
Section 5.14(a) of the Parent Schedule , with respect
to each Government Contract of Parent: (i) each of Parent and
its Subsidiaries has complied in all material respects with all
material terms and conditions and all Applicable Laws; (ii) no
written notice has been received by either Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries (and, to the Knowledge of Parent, none has been
threatened) alleging that the Parent, any of its Subsidiaries, or
any director, officer or employee of Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries, is in material breach or violation of any Applicable
Law or contractual requirement thereunder; and (iii) no
written notice of termination has been received by Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries thereunder.
(b) Except as set forth in
Section 5.14(b) of the Parent Schedule , no
Governmental Entity nor any prime contractor, subcontractor or
vendor has asserted in writing any material claim or initiated any
material dispute proceeding against Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries relating to any Government Contract of Parent or
Government Bid of Parent, nor is Parent or any of its Subsidiaries
asserting any material claim or initiating any material dispute
proceeding directly or indirectly concerning any such Government
Contract or Government Bid.
(c) With respect to each
Government Contract of Parent and Government Bid of Parent, except
as set forth in Section 5.14(c) of the Parent Schedule
:
(i) there are no assignments
of revenues or anticipated revenues pursuant to the federal
Assignment of Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3727;
(ii) all written
representations and certifications submitted by Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries in order to induce the award of a Government
Contract or to induce payments under a Government Contract were
current, accurate and complete in all respects as of their
respective effective dates;
(iii) to the Knowledge of
Parent, all material pricing discounts have been properly reported
to and credited to the customer;
(iv) Parent and its
Subsidiaries have maintained systems of internal controls that are
and have been in material compliance with all requirements of such
Government Contracts and Applicable Law;
(v) to the Knowledge of
Parent, as of the date hereof, Parent and its Subsidiaries fully
expect and intend to fully perform all of the obligations under
(and Parent and its Subsidiaries have all material Governmental
Entity authorizations and all material third-party certifications
and approvals required in order to perform) each such Government
Contract;
(vi) neither Parent nor any
of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective partners,
principals or officers (nor, to the Knowledge of Parent, any of its
or its Subsidiaries’ employees, agents or consultants) have
possessed or have accessed confidential or non-public information
to which they were not lawfully entitled; and
(vii) Parent and each of its
Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of Parent, each of their
respective officers or directors is in compliance with Applicable
Laws and
35
other administrative and contractual
restrictions associated with the employment of (or discussions
concerning possible employment with) current or former officials or
employees of a Governmental Entity (regardless of the branch of
government), in each case, in all respects material to Parent and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(d) Except as set forth in
Section 5.14(d) of the Parent Schedule , with respect
to each Government Contract of Parent and Government Bid of Parent,
neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge
of Parent, any of their respective corporate directors or officers
(i) is or during the past five (5) years has been under
investigation, indictment or audit by, any Governmental Entity, nor
(ii) has conducted or initiated any investigation or made any
disclosure to a Governmental Entity with respect to any alleged
irregularity, misstatement or non-compliance, other than, in each
of the cases in clause (i) or (ii), for routine audits or
non-material disclosures.
(e) Neither Parent nor any of
its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of Parent, any of their
respective shareholders, officers or directors, is or within the
past three (3) years has been debarred, suspended or deemed
non-responsible or otherwise formally excluded from participation
in the award of a Government Contract of any Person, nor is there
any pending debarment, suspension or exclusion proceeding that has
been initiated against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of Parent, any of their predecessors, shareholders,
officers or directors.
(f) Neither Parent nor any of
its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of Parent, any of their
respective officers or directors, have (i) used any funds of
Parent or its Subsidiaries to offer or provide any unlawful
contribution, payment, kickback, bribe, gift, gratuity or
entertainment, or (ii) to the Knowledge of Parent made any
unlawful expenditures relating to political activity. Neither
Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written (or, to the
Knowledge of Parent, oral) notice of any Unlawful Payment, and
Parent and its Subsidiaries have adequate financial controls to
detect and prevent any such Unlawful Payments. Parent and its
Subsidiaries have been in compliance in all material respects and
have, during all periods for which any applicable statute of
limitations has not expired, complied with the applicable
provisions of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as amended,
and other foreign Applicable Laws relating to corrupt practices and
similar matters.
(g) Section 5.14(g)
of the Parent Schedule sets forth as of the date hereof a
current, complete and accurate list of all of Government Contracts
of Parent that are currently active in performance. Unless listed
on Section 5.14(g) of the Parent Schedule as being
“closed,” each Government Contract of Parent listed on
Section 5.14(g) of the Parent Schedule is in full force
and effect and constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement,
enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent
transfer, moratorium or similar laws relating to or affecting the
rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of
equity regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity
or law. No Government Contract of Parent listed on
Section 5.14(g) of the Parent Schedule was awarded on
the basis of a Preferred Bidder Status. Parent has made available
to Parent complete and correct copies of those Government Contracts
of Parent listed on Section 5.14(g) of the Parent
Schedule , together with all draft or final audit reports from
a Governmental Entity or other customer as received by Parent
pertaining to such Government Contracts.
36
(h) Section 5.14(h)
of the Parent Schedule sets forth as of the date set forth in
such schedule (or if not indicated as of the date hereof) a
current, accurate and complete list of each of the Government Bids
which Parent or its Subsidiaries have submitted to a Governmental
Entity (or a prime contractor) for which no notice of award
decision has been received by Parent or its
Subsidiaries.
5.15 Real Property
.
(a) Section 5.15(a)
of the Parent Schedule sets forth the address and a general
description of all material real property owned by Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries as of the date of this Agreement (the “
Parent Owned Real Property ”). With respect to all
Parent Owned Real Property:
(i) Parent or one of its
Subsidiaries has good and marketable fee simple title, free and
clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens;
(ii) except as set forth on
Section 5.15(a) of the Parent Schedule and except for
Permitted Liens, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has
leased or otherwise granted to any Person the right to use or
occupy such Parent Owned Real Property or any material portion
thereof; and
(iii) there are no
outstanding options, rights of first offer or rights of first
refusal to purchase such Parent Owned Real Property or any portion
thereof or interest therein.
(b) Section 5.15(b)
of the Parent Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of
the following:
(i) the address of each item
of material Leased Real Property used or occupied by Parent or any
of its Subsidiaries (the “ Parent Leased Real Property
” and together with the Parent Owned Real Property, the
“ Parent Real Property ”) pursuant to a Lease
(the “ Parent Leases ”), and a true and complete
list of all Parent Leases. Parent has made available to the Company
a true and complete copy of each of the Parent Leases and, in the
case of any oral Parent Lease, a written summary of the terms of
such Parent Lease;
(ii) all Contracts or options
granted by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or contractual
obligations on the part of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, to
purchase or acquire any interest in real property material to
Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(c) Except as set forth on
Section 5.15(c) of the Parent Schedule , with respect
to each Parent Lease, (i) such Lease is valid and binding on
Parent (and/or each Subsidiary of Parent party thereto) and, to the
Knowledge of Parent, is valid and binding on each other party
thereto and is in full force and effect, except as may be limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganizations, preference, fraudulent
transfer, moratorium or similar laws relating to or
37
affecting the rights and remedies of
creditors and by general principles of equity regardless of whether
considered in a proceeding in equity or law; (ii) neither
Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries party thereto, nor, to the
Knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto, is in breach of, or
default under, such Lease, and no event has occurred that with
no
|