|
Exhibit 2.1
EXECUTION
COPY
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
by and among
ANSYS,
INC.,
EVGENI,
INC.,
SIDNEY LLC,
and
ANSOFT
CORPORATION
Dated as of March 31,
2008
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Page |
| ARTICLE I - THE MERGER |
|
2 |
|
|
|
| 1.1 |
|
The Merger
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
| 1.2 |
|
Effective Time
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
| 1.3 |
|
Closing
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
| 1.4 |
|
Effects of the Merger
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
| 1.5 |
|
Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
| 1.6 |
|
Directors and Officers
|
|
3 |
|
|
| ARTICLE II - EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE SELLER CAPITAL
STOCK; EXCHANGE OF SHARES |
|
4 |
|
|
|
| 2.1 |
|
Conversion of Capital Stock
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
| 2.2 |
|
Fractional Shares
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
| 2.3 |
|
Exchange Procedures
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
| 2.4 |
|
Appraisal Rights
|
|
9 |
|
|
| ARTICLE III - REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
SELLER |
|
10 |
|
|
|
| 3.1 |
|
Corporate Organization
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
| 3.2 |
|
Capitalization
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
| 3.3 |
|
Authority
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
| 3.4 |
|
No Violation; Required Filings and
Consents
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
| 3.5 |
|
Broker’s Fees
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
| 3.6 |
|
Seller Reports; Financial Statements;
Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
| 3.7 |
|
Absence of Certain Changes or
Events
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
| 3.8 |
|
Legal Proceedings
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
| 3.9 |
|
Absence of Undisclosed
Liabilities
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
| 3.10 |
|
Compliance with Applicable Laws and
Reporting Requirements
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
| 3.11 |
|
Taxes and Tax Returns
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
| 3.12 |
|
Employee Benefit Programs
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
| 3.13 |
|
Labor and Employment Matters
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
| 3.14 |
|
Material Contracts
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
| 3.15 |
|
Properties
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
| 3.16 |
|
Environmental Liability
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
| 3.17 |
|
State Takeover Laws
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
| 3.18 |
|
Customers
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
| 3.19 |
|
Intellectual Property
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
| 3.20 |
|
Warranty and Related Matters
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
| 3.21 |
|
Books and Records
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
| 3.22 |
|
Related Party Transactions
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
| 3.23 |
|
Illegal Payments
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
| 3.24 |
|
Opinion of Financial Advisor
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
| 3.25 |
|
Disclosure Documents; Seller
Information
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
| 3.26 |
|
Definition of Seller’s
Knowledge
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ARTICLE IV - REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUYER,
MERGER SUB AND MERGER LLC |
|
31 |
|
|
|
| 4.1 |
|
Corporate Organization
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
| 4.2 |
|
Capitalization
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
| 4.3 |
|
Authority
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
| 4.4 |
|
Consents and Approvals
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
| 4.5 |
|
Broker’s Fees
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
| 4.6 |
|
Buyer Reports; Financial Statements;
Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
| 4.7 |
|
Absence of Certain Changes or
Events
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
| 4.8 |
|
Legal Proceedings
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
| 4.9 |
|
Absence of Undisclosed
Liabilities
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
| 4.10 |
|
Compliance with Applicable Laws and
Reporting Requirements
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
| 4.11 |
|
Intellectual Property
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
| 4.12 |
|
Books and Records
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
| 4.13 |
|
Illegal Payments
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
| 4.14 |
|
Available Funds
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
| 4.15 |
|
Disclosure Documents; Buyer
Information
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
| 4.16 |
|
Definition of Buyer’s
Knowledge
|
|
39 |
|
|
| ARTICLE V - COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF
BUSINESS |
|
39 |
|
|
|
| 5.1 |
|
Conduct of Seller’s Business
Pending the Effective Time
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
| 5.2 |
|
Conduct of Buyer’s Business
Pending the Effective Time
|
|
43 |
|
|
| ARTICLE VI - ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS |
|
44 |
|
|
|
| 6.1 |
|
Disclosure Documents
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
| 6.2 |
|
Seller Stockholders’
Meeting
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
| 6.3 |
|
Third Party Consents and Regulatory
Approvals
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
| 6.4 |
|
No Solicitation of Transactions;
Acquisition Proposals
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
| 6.5 |
|
Access to Information
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
| 6.6 |
|
Employment and Benefit
Matters
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
| 6.7 |
|
Directors’ and Officers’
Indemnification and Insurance
|
|
51 |
|
|
|
| 6.8 |
|
Additional Agreements
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
| 6.9 |
|
Publicity
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
| 6.10 |
|
Notification of Certain
Events.
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
| 6.11 |
|
Shares Listed
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
| 6.12 |
|
Stock Exchange De-listing.
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
| 6.13 |
|
Takeover Statutes.
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
| 6.14 |
|
Section 16 Matters
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
| 6.15 |
|
Other Actions by the Parties
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
| 6.16 |
|
Financing
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
| 6.17 |
|
Reorganization
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
| 6.18 |
|
Tax Due Diligence.
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
| 6.19 |
|
Director.
|
|
55 |
|
|
| ARTICLE VII - CONDITIONS PRECEDENT |
|
55 |
|
|
|
| 7.1 |
|
Conditions to Each Party’s
Obligations To Effect the Merger
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
| 7.2 |
|
Conditions to the Obligations of Buyer,
Merger Sub and Merger LLC
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 7.3 |
|
Conditions to the Obligations of
Seller
|
|
57 |
|
|
| ARTICLE VIII - TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND
WAIVER |
|
58 |
|
|
|
| 8.1 |
|
Termination
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
| 8.2 |
|
Effect of Termination and
Abandonment
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
| 8.3 |
|
Amendment
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
| 8.4 |
|
Extension; Waiver
|
|
61 |
|
|
| ARTICLE IX - MISCELLANEOUS |
|
61 |
|
|
|
| 9.1 |
|
Survival
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
| 9.2 |
|
Expenses
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
| 9.3 |
|
Notices
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
| 9.4 |
|
Interpretation
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.5 |
|
Rules of Construction.
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.6 |
|
Counterparts
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.7 |
|
Entire Agreement
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.8 |
|
Governing Law; Jurisdiction and
Venue
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.9 |
|
Severability
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
| 9.10 |
|
Assignment; Reliance of Other
Parties
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
| 9.11 |
|
Specific Performance
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
| 9.12 |
|
Definitions
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
Exhibits
|
|
|
| Exhibit A |
|
Form of
Voting Agreement |
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER (the “ Agreement ”), dated as of
March 31, 2008, by and among ANSYS, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (“ Buyer ”), Evgeni, Inc., a
Delaware corporation and a wholly owned Subsidiary of Buyer
(“ Merger Sub ”), Sidney LLC, a single member
Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of
Buyer (“ Merger LLC ”), and Ansoft Corporation,
a Delaware corporation (“ Seller ”).
WHEREAS , Buyer,
Merger Sub, Merger LLC and Seller intend to effect a merger (the
“ Merger ”) of Merger Sub with and into Seller
in accordance with this Agreement and the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”), with
Seller to be the surviving corporation of the Merger, which Merger
will be followed immediately by a merger of the Surviving
Corporation (as defined below) with and into Merger LLC (the
“ Upstream Merger ”), with the Merger LLC to be
the surviving entity in the Upstream Merger (the “
Surviving Entity ”). It is intended that the Merger be
mutually interdependent with and a condition precedent to the
Upstream Merger and that the Upstream Merger shall, through the
binding commitment evidenced by this Agreement, be effected
immediately following the Effective Time (as defined below) without
further approval, authorization or direction from or by any of the
parties hereto.
WHEREAS , the
respective Boards of Directors of Buyer, Merger Sub, Seller and the
managing member of Merger LLC have declared that it is advisable
and in the best respective interests of Buyer, Merger Sub, Merger
LLC and Seller and their respective stockholders or sole member, as
applicable, to consummate, and have approved this Agreement and the
transactions provided for herein, pursuant to which, subject to the
terms and conditions set forth herein, the Merger and the Upstream
Merger shall occur.
WHEREAS , concurrently
with the execution of this Agreement, and as an inducement to
Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC to enter into this Agreement,
Buyer and certain stockholders have entered into voting agreements,
dated as of the date hereof, in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A (each a “ Voting Agreement ”
and collectively, the “ Voting Agreements ”),
pursuant to which such stockholders have agreed, subject to the
terms thereof, to vote or cause to be voted, at Seller’s
Stockholder Meeting (as defined below) all of the shares of the
Seller Common Stock (as defined below) beneficially owned by such
stockholder in favor of the adoption and approval of this
Agreement.
WHEREAS , it is
intended that the Merger and the Upstream Merger, considered
together as a single integrated transaction, will qualify as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code
”).
WHEREAS , the parties
desire to make certain representations, warranties, and agreements
in connection with the Merger and to prescribe certain conditions
to the Merger.
NOW, THEREFORE , in
consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants,
representations, warranties, and agreements contained herein, and
intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties agree as
follows:
ARTICLE I - THE
MERGER
1.1 The Merger
. Upon the terms and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of
the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and in accordance with
the DGCL, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall merge with and
into Seller. Seller shall continue as the surviving corporation
(the “ Surviving Corporation ”) in the Merger
and shall continue its corporate existence under the laws of the
State of Delaware. Upon consummation of the Merger, the separate
corporate existence of Merger Sub shall terminate.
1.2 Effective Time
. The Merger shall become effective as set forth in the
certificate of merger (the “ Certificate of Merger
”), executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of
the DGCL, which shall be filed with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware on or before the Closing Date. The term “
Effective Time ” shall be the date and time when the
Merger becomes effective as set forth in the Certificate of Merger.
Immediately after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation
shall cause the Upstream Merger to become effective by filing a
certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the
“ Upstream Merger Certificate ”), in accordance
with the relevant provisions of the DGCL and the LLC Act. The
“ Upstream Merger Effective Time ” shall be the
date and time when the Upstream Merger becomes effective as set
forth in the Upstream Merger Certificate.
1.3 Closing .
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the closing
of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) will take place
at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, Exchange Place, Boston,
Massachusetts, unless another place is agreed to in writing by the
parties hereto, at 10:00 a.m., local time, on a date (the “
Closing Date ”) specified by the parties, which shall
be no later than two (2) Business Days after the satisfaction
or waiver (subject to applicable Law) of the latest to occur of the
conditions set forth in Article VII (other than those
conditions that relate to action to be taken at the Closing, but
subject to satisfaction of such conditions at the Closing), unless
this Agreement has been theretofore terminated pursuant to its
terms or unless extended by mutual agreement of the
parties.
1.4 Effects of the
Merger . At and after the Effective Time, the Merger shall
have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in the appropriate
provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, the
Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, privileges,
powers and franchises, and be subject to all of the restrictions,
disabilities, and duties of Seller and Merger Sub, as provided
under Section 259 of the DGCL. At and after the Upstream
Merger Effective Time, the Upstream Merger shall have the effects
set forth in this Agreement and in the appropriate provisions of
the DGCL and the LLC Act. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Upstream Merger Effective
Time, the Surviving Entity shall possess all the rights,
privileges, powers and franchises, and be subject to all of the
restrictions, disabilities, and duties of the Surviving Corporation
and Merger LLC, as provided in the DGCL and the LLC Act and all of
the rights and obligations of the Surviving Corporation under this
Agreement shall be deemed the rights and obligations of the
Surviving Entity.
2
1.5 Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws .
(a) At the Effective Time,
the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Seller
(the “ Seller Charter ”), as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be amended to be
identical to the Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub (the
“ Merger Sub Charter ”), as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time (which shall contain such
provisions as are necessary to give full effect to the exculpation
and indemnification provided for in Section 6.7 hereof),
except the name of Seller as the Surviving Corporation shall
continue to be Ansoft Corporation and the provisions of the Merger
Sub Charter relating to the incorporator of the Merger Sub shall be
omitted, and as so amended shall be the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended
as provided and in accordance with the DGCL (the “
Surviving Corporation Charter ”). From and after the
Effective Time, the Bylaws of Seller (the “ Seller
Bylaws ”), as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be amended and restated to be identical to
the Bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time (which shall contain such provisions as are
necessary to give full effect to the exculpation and
indemnification provided for in Section 6.7 hereof), and as so
amended shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until
thereafter amended as provided therein and in accordance with
applicable Law (the “ Surviving Corporation Bylaws
”).
(b) At the Upstream Merger
Effective Time, by virtue of the Upstream Merger and without any
action on the part of Merger LLC or the Surviving Corporation, the
Certificate of Formation of Merger LLC, as in effect immediately
prior to the Upstream Merger Effective Time, shall be the
Certificate of Formation of the Surviving Entity until thereafter
amended in accordance with the LLC Act, except the name of the
Surviving Entity shall be Sidney LLC (the “ Surviving
Entity Certificate of Formation ”). From and after the
Upstream Merger Effective Time, by virtue of the Upstream Merger
and without any action on the part of Merger LLC or the Surviving
Corporation, the Limited Liability Company Agreement of Merger LLC
as in effect immediately prior to the Upstream Merger Effective
Time shall be the Limited Liability Company Agreement of the
Surviving Entity, except the name of the Surviving Entity shall be
Sidney LLC (the “ Surviving Entity Limited Liability
Company Agreement ”).
1.6 Directors and
Officers .
(a) From and after the
Effective Time, the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall become the directors of the Surviving
Corporation, until their successors shall have been duly elected,
appointed or qualified or until their earlier death, resignation,
or removal in accordance with the Surviving Corporation Charter and
the Surviving Corporation Bylaws. From and after the Upstream
Merger Effective Time, the directors of Merger LLC immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall become the directors of the
Surviving Entity, until their successors shall have been duly
elected, appointed or qualified or until their earlier death,
resignation, or removal in accordance with the Surviving Entity
Certificate of Formation and the Surviving Entity Limited Liability
Company Agreement.
(b) From and after the
Effective Time, the officers of Seller at the Effective Time shall
be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, until their
successors shall have been duly elected, appointed or qualified or
until their earlier death, resignation, or removal in accordance
with the Surviving Corporation Charter and the Surviving
Corporation Bylaws. From and after the Upstream Merger Effective
Time, the officers of Merger LLC at the Upstream Merger Effective
Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Entity, until
their
3
successors shall have been duly elected,
appointed or qualified or until their earlier death, resignation,
or removal in accordance with the Surviving Entity Certificate of
Formation and the Surviving Entity Limited Liability Company
Agreement.
ARTICLE II - EFFECT OF THE
MERGER ON THE SELLER CAPITAL STOCK;
EXCHANGE OF
SHARES
2.1 Conversion of
Capital Stock . As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the
Merger and without any action on the part of any party hereto or of
the holder of any shares of the capital stock of Seller or capital
stock of Merger Sub:
(a) Capital Stock of
Merger Sub . Each share of the common stock of Merger Sub, par
value $0.01 per share (the “ Merger Sub Common Stock
”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid, and
nonassessable share of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of
the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Cancellation of
Certain Stock . All shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per
share, of Seller (“ Seller Common Stock ”) that
are owned by Seller or any wholly owned Subsidiary of Seller and
any shares of Seller Common Stock owned by Buyer, Merger Sub, or
any other wholly owned Subsidiary of Buyer immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no
consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Conversion of Seller
Common Stock . Subject to Section 2.2, each share of
Seller Common Stock (other than shares to be cancelled in
accordance with Section 2.1(b) and Dissenting Shares) issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
converted into the right to receive, subject to adjustment as
provided for in Section 8.1(c): (i) $16.25 per share in
cash without interest (the “ Cash Consideration
”), and (ii) 0.431882 shares (the “ Exchange
Ratio ”) of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of
Buyer (the “ Buyer Common Stock ”) (the “
Stock Consideration ”). The Cash Consideration and the
Stock Consideration are sometimes referred to herein as the “
Merger Consideration .” As of the Effective Time, all
such shares of Seller Common Stock, when converted as provided in
this Section 2.1(c), shall no longer be outstanding and shall
automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each
holder of a certificate (each a “ Certificate ”
and collectively, the “ Certificates ”) or a
book-entry share (each a “ Book-Entry Share ”
and collectively, the “ Book-Entry Shares ”)
representing any such shares of Seller Common Stock shall cease to
have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive
the Merger Consideration and any cash in lieu of fractional shares
of Buyer Common Stock as provided under this Article II upon
surrender of such Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as the case may
be, in accordance with Section 2.2, without interest or
dividends.
(d) Seller Stock Options
and Related Matters .
(i) As soon as practicable
following the date of this Agreement, the Board of Directors of
Seller (or, if appropriate, any committee administering the Seller
Stock Option Plans) shall adopt such resolutions or use its
reasonable best effort to take such other actions as are required
to provide for the conversion of each Seller Stock Option as
provided in this Section 2.1(d).
4
(ii) At the Effective Time,
each Seller Stock Option that is outstanding and unexercised
immediately prior to the Effective Time (“ Assumed
Options ”), whether or not vested, shall be converted
into and become an option to purchase Buyer Common Stock as
provided below in this Section 2.1(d)(ii), and Buyer shall
assume such Seller Stock Option in accordance with this
Section 2.1(d)(ii) and the terms (as in effect as of the date
of this Agreement) of the Seller Stock Option Plans and/or the
seller option agreement by which such Option is evidenced. All
rights to purchase Seller Common Stock under Assumed Options shall,
effective as of the Effective Time, thereupon be converted into
rights to purchase Buyer Common Stock. Accordingly, from and after
the Effective Time: (A) each Assumed Option may be exercised
solely for Buyer Common Stock; (B) the number of shares of
Buyer Common Stock subject to each Assumed Option shall be
determined by multiplying the number of shares of Seller Common
Stock that were subject to such Assumed Option immediately prior to
the Effective Time by the Option Exchange Ratio, and rounding the
resulting number down to the nearest whole number of Buyer Common
Stock; (C) the per share exercise price for the Buyer Common
Stock issuable upon exercise of each Assumed Option shall be
determined by dividing the per share exercise price of Seller
Common Stock subject to such Assumed Option, as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, by the Option Exchange
Ratio, and rounding the resulting exercise price up to the nearest
whole cent; and (D) after giving effect to any acceleration of
vesting of any Assumed Option that will occur as a result of the
Merger pursuant to the terms of any such Assumed Option, any
remaining restriction on the exercise of any Assumed Option shall
continue in full force and effect and the term, exercisability,
remaining vesting schedule and other provisions of such Assumed
Option shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the
conversion of such Assumed Option. Buyer shall file with the SEC,
no later than three (3) Business Days after the Closing, a
registration statement on Form S-8 (or any successor form), if
available for use by Seller, relating to the Buyer Shares issuable
with respect to the Assumed Options. “ Option Exchange
Ratio ” is the quotient of (x) $16.25, plus
(A) the Exchange Ratio multiplied by (B) the average of
the closing prices of Buyer Common Stock for the thirty
(30) trading days ending one (1) day prior to the
Closing, divided by (y) the average of the closing prices of
Buyer Common Stock for the thirty (30) trading days ending one
(1) day prior to the Closing, rounded to the nearest
one-hundred thousandth of a cent, with $.000005 rounded
down.
(iii) Notwithstanding the
foregoing, in the event that the number of shares of Buyer Common
Stock issuable upon the exercise of Assumed Options plus the number
of shares of Buyer Common Stock to be issued in respect of shares
of Seller Common Stock in the Merger (the “ Total
Shares ”) exceeds twenty percent (20%) of the number
of shares of Buyer Common Stock outstanding prior to the Merger,
the number of Assumed Options shall be reduced to an amount such
that the Total Shares is less than 20% of the number of
shares
5
of Buyer Common Stock
outstanding prior to the Merger. Any Options that are not Assumed
Options by operation of this subparagraph shall be entitled to
receive, in lieu of being assumed by Buyer, an amount of cash equal
to $32.50, minus the exercise price of such Option not assumed.
Only Options that are vested and permitted to receive such cash
payment pursuant to the applicable Seller Stock Option Plan shall
be eligible to receive such cash payment. The Options to receive
such cash payment shall be allocated amongst the holders thereof
pro rata based on the number of Options eligible to receive the
cash payment held by each.
2.2 Fractional
Shares . Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, no
fractional shares of Buyer Common Stock and no certificates or
scrip therefor, or other evidence of ownership thereof, will be
issued in the Merger. In lieu thereof, Buyer shall pay to each
holder of a fractional share of Buyer Common Stock an amount of
cash (without interest) determined by multiplying the fractional
share interest to which such holder would otherwise be entitled by
the average of the last sale prices of Buyer Common Stock, as
reported on Nasdaq, for the five (5) trading days immediately
preceding the Closing Date, rounded to the nearest whole
cent.
2.3 Exchange
Procedures .
(a) Exchange Fund . At
or before the Effective Time, for the benefit of the holders of
Seller Common Stock, (i) Buyer shall cause to be delivered to
the Exchange Agent, for exchange in accordance with this Article
II, certificates representing the shares of Buyer Common Stock
issuable pursuant to this Article II (“ New
Certificates ”), and (ii) Buyer shall deliver, or
shall cause to be delivered, to the Exchange Agent an aggregate
amount of cash sufficient to pay the aggregate amount of cash
payable pursuant to this Article II (including the estimated amount
of cash to be paid in lieu of fractional shares of Buyer Common
Stock) (such cash and New Certificates, being hereinafter referred
to as the “ Exchange Fund ”). In the event the
Exchange Fund shall be insufficient to make all such payments,
Buyer shall promptly deliver, or cause to be delivered, additional
funds with the Exchange Agent in an amount that is equal to the
deficiency in the amount of funds required to make such payments.
The Exchange Agent shall make payments of the aggregate Merger
Consideration out of the Exchange Fund in accordance with this
Agreement. The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other
purpose.
(b) Exchange
Procedures . As promptly as practicable following the Effective
Time, and provided that Seller has delivered, or caused to be
delivered, to the Exchange Agent all information which is necessary
for the Exchange Agent to perform its obligations as specified
herein, the Exchange Agent shall mail to each holder of record of a
Certificate or Certificates or Book-Entry Share or Book-Entry
Shares, as the case may be, who has not previously surrendered such
Certificate or Certificates or Book-Entry Share or Book-Entry
Shares, as the case may be, a form of letter of transmittal (which
shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and
title to the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as the case may be,
shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates or the
Book-Entry Shares, as the case may be, to the Exchange Agent) and
instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates
or Book-Entry Shares, as the case may be, in exchange for the
Merger Consideration into which the shares of Seller Common Stock
represented by such Certificate or Certificates or Book-Entry
Shares, as the case may be, shall have been converted pursuant to
Sections 2.1 and 2.2 of this Agreement.
6
Upon proper surrender of a Certificate
or Book-Entry Share, as applicable, for exchange and cancellation
to the Exchange Agent, together with a properly completed letter of
transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate or
Book-Entry Share, as applicable, shall be entitled to receive in
exchange therefor, as applicable, (i) a New Certificate
representing that number of shares of Buyer Common Stock (if any)
to which such former holder of Seller Common Stock shall have
become entitled pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) a check
representing that amount of cash (if any) to which such former
holder of Seller Common Stock shall have become entitled pursuant
to this Agreement, and/or (iii) a check representing the
amount of cash (if any) payable in lieu of a fractional share of
Buyer Common Stock to which such former holder has the right to
receive in respect of the Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as the
case may be, surrendered pursuant to this Agreement, and the
Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as the case may be, so surrendered
shall forthwith be cancelled. Until surrendered as contemplated by
this Section 2.3(b), each Certificate and Book-Entry Share
(other than Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as applicable,
representing shares to be cancelled in accordance with
Section 2.1(b) and any Dissenting Shares) shall be deemed at
any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to
receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration provided in
Sections 2.1 and 2.2, and any unpaid dividends and distributions
thereon as provided in paragraph (c) of this Section 2.3.
No interest shall be paid or accrued on any cash constituting
Merger Consideration (including any cash in lieu of fractional
shares) or any such unpaid dividends and distributions payable to
holders of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as the case may
be.
(c) Dividends or Other
Distributions . No dividends or other distributions with a
record date after the Effective Time with respect to Buyer Common
Stock shall be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate
or Book-Entry Share, as applicable, until the holder thereof shall
surrender such Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as applicable, in
accordance with this Section 2.3. After the surrender of a
Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as applicable, in accordance with
this Section 2.3, the record holder thereof shall be entitled
to receive any such dividends or other distributions, without any
interest thereon, which theretofore had become payable with respect
to shares of Buyer Common Stock represented by such Certificate or
Book-Entry Share, as applicable.
(d) Lost Certificates
. The Exchange Agent and Buyer, as the case may be, shall not be
obligated to deliver cash and/or a New Certificate or New
Certificates representing shares of Buyer Common Stock to which a
holder of Seller Common Stock would otherwise be entitled as a
result of the Merger until such holder surrenders the Certificate
or Certificates or Book-Entry Share or Book-Entry Shares, as the
case may be, representing the shares of Seller Common Stock for
exchange as provided in this Section 2.3, or, an appropriate
affidavit of loss and indemnity agreement and/or a bond in an
amount as may be required in each case by Buyer. If any New
Certificates evidencing shares of Buyer Common Stock are to be
issued in a name other than that in which the Certificate or
Book-Entry Share, as the case may be, evidencing Seller Common
Stock surrendered in exchange therefor is registered, it shall be a
condition of the issuance thereof that the Certificate or
Book-Entry Share, as applicable, so surrendered shall be properly
endorsed or accompanied by an executed form of assignment separate
from the Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as applicable, and
otherwise in proper form for transfer, and that the Person
requesting such exchange pay to the Exchange Agent any transfer or
other tax required by reason of the issuance of a New Certificate
for shares of Buyer Common Stock in any name other than that of the
registered holder of the Certificate or Book-Entry Share, as
applicable, surrendered or otherwise establish to the satisfaction
of the Exchange Agent that such tax has been paid or is not
payable.
7
(e) No Further Ownership
Rights in Seller Common Stock . The Merger Consideration
(including any payments paid pursuant to Section 2.2)
delivered upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates (or
affidavit of loss in lieu thereof) or Book-Entry Shares, as
applicable, in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to
have been delivered (and paid) in full satisfaction of all rights
pertaining to such shares of Seller Common Stock, and from and
after the Effective Time the stock transfer books of Seller shall
be closed and thereafter there shall be no further registration of
transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation
of the shares of Seller Common Stock that were outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective
Time, Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as the case may be, are
presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent for
any reason, they shall be cancelled against delivery of the Merger
Consideration for each share of Seller Common Stock formerly
represented by such certificate.
(f) Termination of
Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains
undistributed to the holders of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares,
as the case may be, nine (9) months after the Effective Time
(as well as any interest or proceeds from any investment thereof)
shall be delivered by the Exchange Agent to Buyer, upon demand, and
any holder of a Certificate or a Book-Entry Share, as the case may
be, who has not previously complied with this Article II prior to
the end of such nine (9) month period shall thereafter look
only to Buyer for payment of its claim for the Merger
Consideration. If outstanding Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as
the case may be, are not surrendered or the payment for them is not
claimed prior to the date on which such shares of Buyer Common
Stock or cash would otherwise escheat to or become the property of
any governmental unit or agency, the unclaimed items shall, to the
extent permitted by abandoned property and any other applicable
Law, become the property of Buyer (and to the extent not in its
possession shall be delivered to it), free and clear of all claims
or interest of any Person previously entitled to such property.
Neither the Exchange Agent nor any party to this Agreement shall be
liable to any holder of shares of Seller Common Stock represented
by any Certificate or Book-Entry Shares, as the case may be, for
any consideration paid to a public official pursuant to applicable
abandoned property, escheat, or similar laws. Buyer and the
Exchange Agent shall be entitled to rely upon the stock transfer
books of Seller to establish the identity of those Persons entitled
to receive the Merger Consideration specified in this Agreement,
which books shall be conclusive with respect thereto. In the event
of a dispute with respect to ownership of any shares of Seller
Common Stock represented by any Certificate or Book-Entry Shares,
as the case may be, Buyer and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled
to deposit any Merger Consideration represented thereby in escrow
with an independent third party and thereafter be relieved with
respect to any claims thereto.
(g) Investment of Exchange
Fund . The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included in the
Exchange Fund as directed by the Surviving Corporation;
provided , however , that such investments shall be
in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America or
any agency or instrumentality thereof and backed by the full faith
and credit of the United States of America or in certificates of
deposit, bank repurchase agreements, or banker’s acceptances
of commercial banks with capital exceeding $1 billion (based
on the most recent financial statements of such bank that are then
publicly available). Any net profit resulting from, or interest or
income produced by, such investments shall be placed in the
Exchange Fund and be payable to the Surviving
Corporation.
8
(h) Withholding Rights
. Each of Buyer, the Surviving Corporation and the Exchange Agent
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration
otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of a
Certificate, a Book-Entry Share or Seller Stock Option, as the case
may be, such amounts as are required to be deducted and withheld
with respect to the making of such payment under the Code, or any
other applicable provision of law. To the extent that amounts are
so withheld and paid over to the appropriate Governmental Authority
by Buyer, the Surviving Corporation, or the Exchange Agent, as the
case may be, such deducted, withheld and paid over amounts shall be
treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to
the holder of the Certificate, Book-Entry Share or Seller Stock
Option, as applicable, in respect of which such deduction and
withholding was made by Buyer, the Surviving Corporation, or the
Exchange Agent, as the case may be.
(i) Adjustments to Prevent
Dilution . In the event Buyer or Seller changes (or establishes
a record date for changing) the number of, or provides for the
exchange of, shares of Buyer Common Stock or Seller Common Stock
issued and outstanding prior to the Effective Time as a result of a
stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reclassification, or
similar transaction with respect to the outstanding Buyer Common
Stock or Seller Common Stock and the record date therefor shall be
prior to the Effective Time, the Exchange Ratio and/or the Cash
Consideration shall be proportionately and appropriately adjusted;
provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, no such
adjustment shall be made with regard to the Buyer Common Stock if
(i) Buyer issues additional shares of Buyer Common Stock and
receives consideration for such shares in a bona fide third party
transaction, or (ii) Buyer issues employee or director stock
grants or similar equity awards.
2.4 Appraisal
Rights .
(a) Notwithstanding anything
in this Agreement to the contrary, any shares (the “
Dissenting Shares ”) of the Seller Common Stock that
are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
and that are held by Seller Stockholders who, in accordance with
Section 262 of the DGCL (the “ Appraisal Rights
Provisions ”), (i) have not voted in favor of
adopting this Agreement, (ii) shall have demanded properly in
writing appraisal for such shares, (iii) have otherwise
complied in all respects with the Appraisal Rights Provisions, and
(iv) have not effectively withdrawn, lost, or failed to
perfect their rights to appraisal (the “ Dissenting
Stockholders ”), will not be converted into Merger
Consideration, but at the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger
and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, shall be
cancelled and shall cease to exist and shall represent the right to
receive only those rights provided under the Appraisal Rights
Provisions; provided , however , that all shares of
Seller Common Stock held by Seller Stockholders who shall have
failed to perfect or who effectively shall have withdrawn or lost
their rights to appraisal of such shares of Seller Common Stock
under the Appraisal Rights Provisions shall thereupon be deemed to
have been cancelled and to have been converted, as of the Effective
Time, into the right to receive, without any interest thereon, the
Merger Consideration.
9
(b) Seller shall give Buyer,
Merger Sub and Merger LLC prompt notice of any demands received by
Seller for the exercise of appraisal rights with respect to shares
of Seller Common Stock and Buyer shall have the right to
participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to
such demands. Seller shall not, except with the prior written
consent of Buyer, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld,
make any payment with respect to, or settle or offer to settle, any
such demands.
ARTICLE III -
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF SELLER
Except as set forth in the
disclosure schedules delivered concurrently with the execution of
this Agreement to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC (the “
Seller Disclosure Schedule ”), which shall identify
any exceptions to the representations, warranties and covenants
contained in this Agreement (with specific reference to the
particular Section or subsection to which such
information relates; provided that an item disclosed in any
Section or subsection shall be deemed to have been
disclosed for each other Section or subsection of this
Agreement to the extent the relevance is reasonably apparent on the
face of such disclosure), Seller hereby represents and warrants to
Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC as follows:
3.1 Corporate
Organization .
(a) Seller is a corporation,
duly organized, validly existing, and in good corporate standing
under the laws of the State of Delaware. Seller has all requisite
corporate power and authority to own, lease, or operate all of its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is now
being conducted. Seller is duly licensed or qualified to do
business and is in corporate good standing in each jurisdiction in
which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character
or location of the properties and assets owned, leased, or operated
by it makes such licensing or qualification necessary, except where
the failure to be so licensed or qualified and in corporate good
standing would not, either individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Seller Material Adverse Effect.
The Seller Charter and the Seller Bylaws, copies of which have
previously been made available to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC,
are true, correct, and complete copies of such documents as
currently in effect.
(b) Each of Seller’s
Subsidiaries is a corporation or legal entity, validly existing
and, if applicable, in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its organization. Each of Seller’s
Subsidiaries has all requisite corporate power or other power and
authority to own, lease, or operate all of its properties and
assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted.
Each of Seller’s Subsidiaries is duly licensed or qualified
to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the
business conducted by it or the character or location of the
properties and assets owned, leased, or operated by it makes such
licensing or qualification necessary, except where the failure to
be so licensed or qualified and in good standing would not, either
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Seller Material Adverse Effect.
(c) The Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws or equivalent organizational documents of
each of Seller’s Subsidiaries that currently have operations,
copies of which have previously been made available to Buyer,
Merger Sub and Merger LLC, are true, correct, and complete copies
of such documents as currently in effect.
10
3.2 Capitalization
.
(a) The authorized capital
stock of Seller consists of 50,000,000 shares of Seller Common
Stock and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value
per share (the “ Seller Preferred Stock ”), of
Seller. At the close of business on March 27, 2008, there were
23,271,814 shares of Seller Common Stock issued and outstanding (of
which none were shares of restricted stock of Seller) and no shares
of Seller Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. At the close of
business on March 27, 2008, there were 6,750,726 shares of
Seller Common Stock and no shares of Seller Preferred Stock held in
the treasury of Seller. At the close of business on March 27,
2008, there were 3,007,044 shares of Seller Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of outstanding Seller Stock Options, subject to
adjustment on the terms set forth in the Seller Stock Option Plans.
Seller has no shares of Seller Common Stock or Seller Preferred
Stock reserved for issuance other than as described above. All
issued and outstanding shares of Seller Common Stock have been duly
authorized and validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable,
and free of preemptive rights. Except for the Seller Stock Option
Plans or as reflected in Section 3.2(a) of the Seller
Disclosure Schedule, Seller does not have and is not bound by any
outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, commitments,
rights agreements, or agreements of any character calling for
Seller to issue, deliver, or sell, or cause to be issued,
delivered, or sold any shares of Seller Common Stock or Seller
Preferred Stock or any other equity security of Seller or any
Subsidiary of Seller or any securities convertible into,
exchangeable for, or representing the right to subscribe for,
purchase, or otherwise receive any shares of Seller Common Stock or
Seller Preferred Stock or any other equity security of Seller or
any Subsidiary of Seller or obligating Seller or any such
Subsidiary to grant, extend, or enter into any such subscriptions,
options, warrants, calls, commitments, rights agreements, or any
other similar agreements. Except as set forth in
Section 3.2(a) of the Seller Disclosure Schedule, there are no
outstanding contractual obligations of Seller to repurchase,
redeem, or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of, or
other equity interests in, Seller or to provide funds to, or make
any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution, or
otherwise) in, any Subsidiary of Seller. Section 3.2(a) of the
Seller Disclosure Schedule sets forth (i) the name of each
holder of a Seller Stock Option, (ii) the date each Seller
Stock Option was granted, (iii) the number of shares of Seller
Common Stock subject to each such Seller Stock Option,
(iv) the expiration date of each such Seller Stock Option,
(v) the vesting schedule of each such Seller Stock Option, and
(v) the price at which each such Seller Stock Option may be
exercised. Section 3.2(a) of the Seller Disclosure Schedule
sets forth a complete list of the Seller Restricted Stock Awards
granted under the Seller Stock Option Plans and the vesting
schedule for each such award, if any. Except as set forth in
Section 3.2(a) of the Seller Disclosure Schedule, there are no
shares of Seller Common Stock outstanding that are subject to
vesting over time or upon the satisfaction of any condition
precedent, or which are otherwise subject to any right or
obligation of repurchase or redemption on the part of
Seller.
(b) Section 3.2(b) of
the Seller Disclosure Schedule lists each of Seller’s
Subsidiaries on the date of this Agreement and indicates for each
such Subsidiary as of such date: (i) the percentage and type
of equity securities owned or controlled, directly or indirectly,
by Seller; and (ii) the jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization. Except as set forth in
11
Section 3.2(b) of the Seller
Disclosure Schedule, no Subsidiary of Seller has or is bound by any
outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, commitments,
rights agreements, or agreements of any character calling for it to
issue, deliver, or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered, or sold
any of its equity securities or any securities convertible into,
exchangeable for, or representing the right to subscribe for,
purchase or otherwise receive any such equity security or
obligating such Subsidiary to grant, extend or enter into any such
subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, commitments, rights
agreements, or other similar agreements. There are no outstanding
contractual obligations of any Subsidiary of Seller to repurchase,
redeem, or otherwise acquire any of its capital stock or other
equity interests. All of the shares of capital stock of each of the
Subsidiaries of Seller held, directly or indirectly, by Seller are
validly issued, fully paid (to the extent required under the
applicable governing documents), and nonassessable and are owned by
Seller free and clear of any claim, lien, Encumbrance (other than
Permitted Encumbrances), or agreement with respect
thereto.
3.3 Authority .
Seller has all requisite corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby and perform its obligations hereunder, subject
to obtaining the approval of the Seller Stockholders to adopt and
approve this Agreement. The adoption, execution, delivery, and
performance of this Agreement and the approval of the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby have, as of the date
hereof, been recommended by, and are duly and validly adopted and
approved by a vote of, the Board of Directors of Seller. The Board
of Directors of Seller has declared this Agreement advisable and
has directed that this Agreement be submitted to the Selling
Stockholders for adoption and approval at the Seller
Stockholders’ Meeting and, except for the adoption and
approval of this Agreement by the Seller Stockholders, the filing
of the Certificate of Merger and the Upstream Merger Certificate
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, no other
corporate proceedings on the part of Seller is necessary to
authorize the adoption, execution, delivery, and performance of
this Agreement or to consummate the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly and
validly executed and delivered by Seller and (assuming due
authorization, execution, and delivery by Buyer, Merger Sub and
Merger LLC) constitutes the valid and binding obligations of
Seller, enforceable against Seller in accordance with its
respective terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium, or other similar laws relating to
creditors’ rights and general principles of
equity.
3.4 No Violation;
Required Filings and Consents . Assuming the adoption and
approval of this Agreement by the Seller Stockholders and except
(a) for filings, permits, authorizations, consents, and
approvals as may be required under, and other applicable
requirements of, the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, the HSR Act
and any applicable foreign antitrust Laws, and state securities or
state “Blue Sky” laws, (b) for filing of the
Certificate of Merger and the Upstream Merger Certificate, and
(c) as otherwise set forth in Section 3.4 of the Seller
Disclosure Schedule, none of the execution, delivery, or
performance of this Agreement by Seller, the consummation by Seller
of the transactions contemplated hereby, or compliance by Seller
with any of the provisions hereof will (i) conflict with or
result in any breach of any provision of the organizational
documents of Seller, (ii) require any filing with, notice by,
or permit, authorization, consent, or approval of, any Governmental
Authority, (iii) result in a violation or breach of, or
constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a
default (or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation, or
acceleration) under, any of the terms,
12
conditions or provisions of any note,
bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement, or
other instrument or obligation to which Seller is a party or by
which it or any of its properties or assets may be bound, or
(iv) violate any Law or Order applicable to Seller or any of
its properties or assets, excluding from the foregoing clauses
(ii), (iii), and (iv) such filings, notices, permits,
authorizations, consents, approvals, violations, breaches, or
defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
(A) prevent or materially delay consummation of the Merger,
(B) otherwise prevent or materially delay performance by
Seller of its material obligations under this Agreement, or
(C) have a Seller Material Adverse Effect.
3.5 Broker’s
Fees . Neither Seller nor any of its officers, directors,
employees, or agents has employed any broker, finder, or financial
advisor or incurred any liability for any fees or commissions in
connection with any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement (including the Merger), except for fees and commissions
incurred in connection with the engagement of Deutsche Bank
Securities Inc. (the “ Seller’s Advisor ”)
and for legal, accounting, and other professional fees payable in
connection with the Merger, all of which will be payable by
Seller.
3.6 Seller Reports;
Financial Statements; Sarbanes-Oxley Act .
(a) Seller has filed or
furnished, as applicable, on a timely basis all forms, statements,
certifications, reports and documents required to be filed or
furnished by it with the SEC under the Exchange Act or the
Securities Act since May 1, 2004 (the forms, statements,
reports and documents filed or furnished since May 1, 2004 and
those filed or furnished subsequent to the date hereof, including
any amendments thereto, the “ Seller SEC Reports
”), except where the failure to so file or furnish would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Seller Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Seller SEC Reports, at
the time of its filing or being furnished complied in all material
respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act,
the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder applicable to the Seller SEC
Reports, or, if not yet filed or furnished, will to Seller’s
knowledge comply in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder applicable to the Seller SEC Reports. As of their
respective dates (or, if amended prior to the date hereof, as of
the date of such amendment), the Seller SEC Reports did not contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which
they were made, not misleading, and any Seller SEC Reports filed or
furnished with the SEC subsequent to the date hereof will not to
Seller’s knowledge, contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in
light of the circumstances in which they were made, not
misleading.
(b) Seller has made available
to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC true, correct, and complete
copies of all amendments and modifications that have not been filed
by Seller with the SEC to all agreements, documents, and other
instruments that previously had been filed by Seller with the SEC
and are currently in effect. As of the date of this Agreement,
Seller has timely responded to all comment letters of the staff of
the SEC relating to the Seller SEC Reports, and the SEC has not
advised Seller that any final responses are inadequate,
13
insufficient or otherwise
non-responsive. Seller has made available to Buyer, Merger Sub and
Merger LLC true, correct and complete copies of all comment
letters, written inquiries and enforcement correspondence between
the SEC, on the one hand, and Seller and any of its Subsidiaries,
on the other hand, occurring since May 1, 2004 and prior to
the date of this Agreement and will, reasonably promptly following
the receipt thereof, make available to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger
LLC any such correspondence sent or received after the date hereof.
To the knowledge of Seller, as of the date of this Agreement, none
of the Seller SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or
outstanding SEC comment.
(c) Seller is in compliance
in all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate
governance rules and regulations of Nasdaq.
(d)(i) Each of the
consolidated balance sheets included in or incorporated by
reference into the Seller SEC Reports (including the related notes
and schedules) fairly present, in all material respects, the
consolidated financial position of Seller and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as of its date, or, in the case of Seller SEC Reports
filed after the date hereof, will to Seller’s knowledge
fairly present, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of Seller and its consolidated Subsidiaries as
of its date and (ii) each of the consolidated statements of
operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and
cash flows included in or incorporated by reference into the Seller
SEC Reports (including any related notes and schedules) fairly
presents in all material respects the results of operations,
retained earnings (loss) and changes in financial position, as the
case may be, of such companies for the periods set forth therein
(except as indicated in the notes thereto, and in the case of
unaudited statements, as may be permitted by the rules of the SEC,
and subject to normal year-end audit adjustments that will not be
material in amount or effect), in each case in accordance with GAAP
consistently applied during the periods involved, except as may be
noted therein, or, in the case of Seller SEC Reports filed after
the date hereof, will to Seller’s knowledge fairly present in
all material respects, the results of operations, retained earnings
(loss) and changes in financial position, as the case may be, of
such companies for the periods set forth therein (except as
indicated in the notes thereto, and in the case of unaudited
statements, as may be permitted by the rules of the SEC, and
subject to normal year-end audit adjustments that will not be
material in amount or effect), in each case in accordance with GAAP
consistently applied during the periods involved, except as may be
noted therein (the “ Seller Financial Statements
”).
(e) Seller has designed and
maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act)
sufficient to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting, and, to the knowledge of
Seller, such system is effective in providing such assurance.
Seller (i) maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act)
designed to ensure that material information required to be
disclosed by Seller in the reports that it files or submits under
the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and
forms and is accumulated and communicated to Seller’s
management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure and, to the knowledge of Seller, such controls
and procedures are effective in ensuring such disclosures and
communications, and (ii) has disclosed, based on the most
recent evaluation of its chief executive officer and its chief
financial officer prior to the date hereof, to Seller’s
auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of
Seller (and made
14
summaries of such disclosures available
to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC) (A) (i) any
significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal
control over financial reporting that would adversely affect in any
material respect Seller’s ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information and (ii) any
material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, and
(B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in
Seller’s internal controls over financial reporting. Each of
Seller and its Subsidiaries have materially complied with or
substantially addressed such deficiencies, material weaknesses or
fraud. Seller is in compliance in all material respects with all
effective provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Seller has made
available to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC any written reports
and other material correspondence since April 30, 2004
provided by Seller’s external auditors to the Audit Committee
required or contemplated by listing standards of Nasdaq, the Audit
Committee’s charter or professional standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board. Since April 30, 2004, to
the knowledge of Seller, no material complaints from any source
regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters have been
received by Seller. Seller has made available to Buyer, Merger Sub
and Merger LLC a summary of all complaints or concerns made since
April 30, 2004 through Seller’s whistleblower hot-line
or equivalent system for receipt of employee concerns regarding
possible violations of Law that relate to financial reporting,
internal controls and related matters.
(f) Each of the principal
executive officer of Seller and the principal financial officer of
Seller (or each former principal executive officer of Seller and
each former principal financial officer of Seller, as applicable)
has made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under
the Exchange Act or Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act
and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder
with respect to the Seller SEC Reports, and the statements
contained in such certifications were true and correct on the date
such certifications were made. For purposes of this
Section 3.6(f), “principal executive officer” and
“principal financial officer” shall have the meanings
given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Neither Seller nor
any of its Subsidiaries has outstanding, or has arranged any
outstanding, “extensions of credit” to directors or
executive officers in violation of Section 402 of the Sarbanes
Oxley-Act.
(g) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of Seller, any director,
officer, or internal or external auditor of Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries has received or otherwise had or obtained actual
knowledge of any substantive material complaint, allegation,
assertion or claim, whether written or oral, that Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing
practices. No current or former attorney representing Seller or any
of its Subsidiaries has reported evidence of a material violation
of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation
by Seller or any of its officers, directors, employees or agents to
the Board of Directors of Seller or any committee thereof or to any
director or executive officer of Seller.
(h) To the knowledge of
Seller, no employee of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries has
provided information to any law enforcement agency regarding the
commission or possible commission of any crime or the violation or
possible violation of any applicable Laws described in
Section 806(a)(1) or (a)(2) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act by
Seller or any of its Subsidiaries.
15
3.7 Absence of Certain
Changes or Events . Since April 30, 2007, except as
disclosed in the Seller SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this
Agreement, Seller and each of its Subsidiaries have conducted their
respective businesses in all material respects in the ordinary
course consistent with their past practices and there has not
been:
(a) any change, event,
circumstance or condition to the knowledge of Seller that,
individually or in the aggregate, has had, or would reasonably be
expected to have, a Seller Material Adverse Effect;
(b) any declaration, setting
aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution with respect
to any shares of capital stock of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries
(except for dividends or other distributions by any direct or
indirect wholly owned Subsidiary to Seller or to any wholly owned
Subsidiary of Seller), or any repurchase, redemption or other
acquisition by Seller or any of its Subsidiaries of any outstanding
shares of capital stock or other securities of Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(c) except as required as a
result of a change in applicable Law or GAAP, any material change
in any method of accounting or accounting practice by Seller or any
of its Subsidiaries;
(d)(i) any increase in the
compensation payable or to become payable to its officers or
employees (except as required by any plan or arrangement and for
increases in the ordinary course of business and consistent with
past practice) or (ii) any establishment, adoption, entry into
or amendment of any collective bargaining, bonus, profit sharing,
thrift, severance or other plan, agreement, trust, fund, policy or
arrangement for the benefit of any director, officer or employee,
except to the extent required by applicable Laws, including
Section 409A of the Code, except in any such case in the
ordinary course and consistent with past practice; or
(e) any agreement to do any
of the foregoing.
3.8 Legal
Proceedings . Section 3.8 of the Seller Disclosure
Schedule includes a description of all material Actions and, to the
knowledge of Seller, investigations of a Governmental Authority
involving Seller or any of its Subsidiaries’ respective
officers or directors in connection with the business of Seller or
any of its Subsidiaries occurring, arising or existing since
April 30, 2004. Except as set forth in Section 3.8 of the
Seller Disclosure Schedule, (a) there is no Action pending or,
to the knowledge of Seller, threatened in writing against Seller or
any of its Subsidiaries, and (b) neither Seller nor any
Subsidiary is subject to any outstanding order, writ, judgment,
injunction, or decree of any Governmental Authority, which, in the
case of (a) or (b), would, individually or in the aggregate,
(i) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Merger
or Upstream Merger, (ii) otherwise prevent or materially delay
performance by Seller or any of its Subsidiaries of any their
respective material obligations under this Agreement, or
(iii) have a Seller Material Adverse Effect.
3.9 Absence of
Undisclosed Liabilities . Since April 30, 2007, except
for those liabilities that are reflected or reserved against on the
Seller Financial Statements and other than in the ordinary course
consistent with their past practices, neither Seller nor any of its
Subsidiaries has incurred any obligation or liability (contingent
or otherwise) that, either alone or when combined with all similar
liabilities, either individually or in the aggregate, has had, or
would reasonably be expected to have, a Seller Material Adverse
Effect.
16
3.10 Compliance with
Applicable Laws and Reporting Requirements . Seller and its
Subsidiaries hold all permits, licenses, variances, authorizations,
exemptions, orders, registrations, and approvals of all
Governmental Authorities that are required for the operation of
their respective businesses (the “ Seller Permits
”) and Seller and each of its Subsidiaries is in material
compliance with the terms of the Seller Permits and all applicable
Laws and regulations, except where the failure so to hold or
comply, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Seller Material Adverse Effect. The businesses
of Seller and its Subsidiaries are not being conducted in violation
of any law, ordinance, or regulation of any Governmental Authority
(including, but not limited to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the USA
PATRIOT Act of 2001), except for possible violations, which,
individually or in the aggregate, do not have, and would not
reasonably be expected to have, a Seller Material Adverse Effect.
To the knowledge of Seller, no investigation by any Governmental
Authority with respect to Seller or any of its Subsidiaries is
pending or threatened.
3.11 Taxes and Tax
Returns .
(a) Each material Tax Return
required to be filed by, or on behalf of, Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries, and each material Tax Return in which Seller or any
of its Subsidiaries was required to be included, has been timely
filed. Each such Tax Return was true, correct and complete in all
material respects.
(b) Seller and each of its
Subsidiaries (i) has paid (or has had paid on its behalf) all
material Taxes due and owing, whether or not shown as due on any
Tax Return, and (ii) has withheld and remitted to the
appropriate Taxing Authority all material Taxes required to be
withheld and paid in connection with any amounts paid or owing to
any employee, independent contractor, creditor, shareholder or
other third party.
(c) The reserve for Tax
liability of Seller and its Subsidiaries for the period up to the
date of the most recent financial statements contained in the
Seller SEC Reports has been established in accordance with GAAP,
and none of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any
material liabilities for Taxes since such date other than in the
ordinary course of business.
(d) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries is currently the beneficiary of any extension of
time within which to file any material Tax Return or with respect
to any material Tax assessment or deficiency.
(e) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries has waived any statute of limitations with respect
to any material Taxes.
(f) There is no material Tax
claim, audit, suit, or administrative or judicial Tax proceeding
now pending or presently in progress or threatened in writing with
respect to a material Tax Return of Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries.
(g) Neither Seller nor or any
of its Subsidiaries has received notice in writing of any proposed
material deficiencies from any Taxing Authority.
17
(h) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries has distributed stock of a corporation, or has had
its stock distributed, in a transaction purported or intended to be
governed in whole or in part by Sections 355 or 361 of the
Code.
(i) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries is party to or has any obligation under any Tax
sharing agreement (whether written or not) or any Tax indemnity or
other Tax allocation agreement or arrangement.
(j) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries (A) is or has ever been a member of a group
of corporations that files or has filed (or has been required to
file) consolidated, combined, or unitary Tax Returns, other than a
group the common parent of which was Seller or (B) has any
liability for the Taxes of any person (other than Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6
(or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as a
transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise.
(k) The taxable year of
Seller and each of its Subsidiaries for all income Tax purposes is
the fiscal year ended April 30 th , and Seller and each of its
Subsidiaries uses the accrual method of accounting in keeping its
books and in computing its taxable income.
(l) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries has been a United States real property holding
corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the
Code at any time during the applicable period specified in
Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.
(m) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries has participated in a listed transaction within
the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4 (or any
predecessor provision).
(n) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries will be required to include any material item of
income in, or exclude any material item of deduction from, taxable
income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the
Closing Date as a result of any:
(i) change in method of
accounting for a taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing
Date;
(ii) “closing
agreement” as described in Section 7121 of the Code (or
any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign
income Tax law) executed on or prior to the Closing
Date;
(iii) intercompany
transactions or any excess loss account described in Treasury
Regulations under Section 1502 of the Code (or any
corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign
income Tax law);
(iv) installment sale or open
transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date;
or
(v) prepaid amount received
on or prior to the Closing Date.
18
(o) No written claim has been
made by any Taxing Authority that Seller or any of its Subsidiaries
is subject to Tax or required to file a Tax Return in a
jurisdiction where it does not file Tax Returns, which could
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Seller Material Adverse Effect.
3.12 Employee Benefit
Programs .
(a) Schedule 3.12(a) of the
Seller Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of every Employee
Program maintained by Seller or an ERISA Affiliate.
(b) Each Employee Program
which is intended to qualify under Section 401(a) or 501(c)(9)
of the Code has received a favorable determination or approval
letter from the IRS regarding its qualification under such. Except
as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Seller
Material Adverse Effect, no event or omission has occurred which
would cause any Employee Program to lose its qualification or
otherwise fail to satisfy the relevant requirements to provide
tax-favored benefits under the applicable Code Section (including
without limitation Code Sections 105, 125, 401(a) and 501(c)(9)).
Each asset held under any such Employee Program may be liquidated
or terminated without the imposition of any material redemption
fee, surrender charge or comparable liability. No partial
termination (within the meaning of Section 411(d)(3) of the
Code) has occurred with respect to any Employee Program.
(c) Neither Seller nor any
ERISA Affiliate knows, nor should any of them reasonably know, of
any material failure of any party to comply with any laws
applicable with respect to the Employee Programs that have ever
been maintained by Seller or any ERISA Affiliate. Except as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Seller Material
Adverse Effect, with respect to any Employee Program ever
maintained by Seller or any ERISA Affiliate, there has been no
(i) “prohibited transaction,” as defined in
Section 406 of ERISA or Code Section 4975,
(ii) failure to comply with any provision of ERISA, other
applicable Law, or any agreement, or (iii) non-deductible
contribution, which, in the case of any of (i), (ii), or (iii),
could subject Seller or any ERISA Affiliate to material liability
either directly or indirectly (including, without limitation,
through any obligation of indemnification or contribution) for any
damages, penalties, or taxes, or any other loss or expense. No
litigation or governmental administrative proceeding (or
investigation) or other proceeding (other than those relating to
routine claims for benefits) is pending or, to the knowledge of
Seller, threatened with respect to any such Employee Program. All
payments and/or contributions required to have been made (under the
provisions of any agreements or other governing documents or
applicable Law) with respect to all Employee Programs ever
maintained by Seller or any ERISA Affiliate, for all periods prior
to the Closing Date, either have been made or have been
accrued.
(d) Neither Seller nor any
ERISA Affiliate has within the past six years maintained an
Employee Program subject to Title IV of ERISA, including a
Multiemployer Plan. None of the Employee Programs has ever provided
health care or any other non-pension benefits to any employees
after their employment is terminated (other than as required by
part 6 of subtitle B of title I of ERISA or state
continuation laws) or has ever promised to provide such
post-termination benefits.
19
(e) With respect to each
Employee Program maintained by Seller, complete and correct copies
of the following documents (if applicable to such Employee Program)
have been made available to Buyer: (i) all documents embodying
or governing such Employee Program, and any funding medium for the
Employee Program (including, without limitation, trust agreements)
as they may have been amended to the date hereof; (ii) the
most recent IRS determination or approval letter with respect to
such Employee Program under Code Section 401(a) or 501(c)(9),
and any applications for determination or approval subsequently
filed with the IRS; (iii) the most recently filed IRS Forms
5500, with all applicable schedules and accountants’ opinions
attached thereto; (iv) the most recent actuarial valuation
report completed with respect to such Employee Program;
(v) the summary plan description for such Employee Program (or
other descriptions of such Employee Program provided to employees)
and all modifications thereto; (vi) any insurance policy
(including any fiduciary liability insurance policy or fidelity
bond) related to such Employee Program; (vii) any registration
statement or other filing made pursuant to any federal or state
securities law and (viii) all material correspondence to and
from any state or federal agency within the last three years with
respect to such Employee Program.
(f) Each Employee Program
required to be listed on Schedule 3.12(a) of the Seller Disclosure
Schedule may be amended, terminated, or otherwise discontinued by
Buyer after the Effective Time in accordance with its terms without
material liability to Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries.
(g) Except as set forth in
Section 3.12(g) of the Seller Disclosure Schedule, neither
Seller nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any employment or
consulting agreements with any current or former manager, director,
officer, or employee which required payment of cash compensation in
the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007 in excess of
$400,000.
(h) Except with respect to
the agreements disclosed in Section 3.12(h) of the Seller
Disclosure Schedule, neither Seller nor any of its Subsidiaries is
a party to any written (i) agreement with any stockholders,
director, or employee of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries
(A) the benefits of which are contingent, or the terms of
which are materially altered, upon the occurrence of a transaction
involving Seller or any of its Subsidiaries of the nature of any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (B) providing
any guaranteed period of employment or compensation guarantee, or
(C) providing severance benefits after the termination of
employment of such director or employee; or (ii) agreement or
plan binding Seller or any of its Subsidiaries, including any stock
option plan, stock appreciation right plan, restricted stock plan,
stock purchase plan, or severance benefit plan, any of the benefits
of which shall be increased, or the vesting of the benefits of
which shall be accelerated, by the occurrence of any of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the value of any of
the benefits of which shall be calculated on the basis of any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. There is no
contract, agreement, plan or arrangement covering any individual
that, by itself or collectively, would give rise to any parachute
payment subject to Section 280G of the Code, nor has Seller
made any such payment, and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated herein shall not obligate Seller or any other entity
to make any parachute payment subject to Section 280G of the
Code.
20
(i) Each Employee Program
that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan”
within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code has been
operated in material compliance with Section 409A of the Code
since January 1, 2005, based upon a good faith, reasonable
interpretation of Section 409A of the Code, the regulations
and other guidance issued thereunder. No stock option granted under
any Seller Stock Option Plan has any exercise price that was or may
be less than the fair market value of the underlying stock as of
the date the option was granted, or has any feature for the
deferral of compensation other than the deferral of recognition of
income until the later of exercise or disposition of such
option.
(j) For purposes of this
section:
(i) “ Employee
Program ” means (A) all employee benefit plans
within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(3), including, but not
limited to, multiple employer welfare arrangements (within the
meaning of ERISA Section 3(40)), plans to which more than one
unaffiliated employer contributes and employee benefit plans (such
as foreign or excess benefit plans) which are not subject to ERISA;
(B) all stock option plans, stock purchase plans, bonus or
incentive award plans, severance pay policies or agreements,
deferred compensation agreements, supplemental income arrangements,
vacation plans, and all other written employee benefit plans,
agreements, and arrangements not described in (A) above,
including without limitation, any arrangement intended to comply
with Code Section 120, 125, 127, 129 or 137; and (C) all
plans or arrangements providing compensation to employee and
non-employee directors. In the case of an Employee Program funded
through a trust described in Code Section 401(a) or an
organization described in Code Section 501(c)(9), or any other
funding vehicle, each reference to such Employee Program shall
include a reference to such trust, organization or other
vehicle.
(ii) An entity “
maintains ” an Employee Program if such entity
sponsors, contributes to, or provides benefits under or through
such Employee Program, or has any obligation (by agreement or under
applicable Law) to contribute to or provide benefits under or
through such Employee Program, or if such Employee Program provides
benefits to or otherwise covers employees of such entity (or their
spouses, dependents, or beneficiaries).
(iii) An entity is an “
ERISA Affiliate ” of Seller if it would have ever been
considered a single employer with Seller under ERISA
Section 4001(b) or part of the same “controlled
group” as Seller for purposes of ERISA
Section 302(d)(8)(C).
(iv) “ Multiemployer
Plan ” means an employee pension or welfare benefit plan
to which more than one unaffiliated employer contributes and which
is maintained pursuant to one or more collective bargaining
agreements.
3.13 Labor and
Employment Matters .
(a) Except as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Seller Material Adverse
Effect, Seller and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all
federal, state, and foreign applicable Laws respecting employment
and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, and
wages and hours, including, but not limited to Title VII of the
Civil Rights
21
Act of 1964, as amended, the Equal Pay
Act of 1967, as amended, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act
of 1967, as amended, the Americans with Disabilities Act, as
amended, and the related rules and regulations adopted by those
federal agencies responsible for the administration of such laws,
and other than normal accruals of wages during regular payroll
cycles, there are no arrearages in the payment of wages. To
Seller’s knowledge, there are not currently any material
audits or investigations pending or scheduled by any Governmental
Authority pertaining to the employment practices of Seller and no
complaints relating to employment practices of Seller have been
made to any Governmental Authority or submitted in writing to
Seller.
(b) Neither Seller nor any of
its Subsidiaries is a party to, or otherwise bound by, any
collective bargaining agreement, contract, or other written
agreement with a labor union or labor organization. To the
knowledge of Seller, neither Seller nor any of its Subsidiaries is
subject to any charge, demand, petition, or representation
proceeding seeking to compel, require, or demand it to bargain with
any labor union or labor organization nor is there pending or
threatened any labor strike or lockout involving Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries.
3.14 Material
Contracts . Section 3.14 of the Seller Disclosure
Schedule is a correct and complete list of each currently effective
contract to which Seller or any of its Subsidiaries is a party as
of the date hereof and which constitutes any of the following
(collectively, the “ Seller Contracts
”):
(a) a partnership, joint
venture, strategic alliance or other similar contract involving a
sharing of profits, losses, costs or liabilities;
(b) a contract providing for
the indemnification by any of Seller or a Subsidiary of Seller of
any Person, other than in the ordinary course of business
(i) consistent with past practice; (ii) in connection
with the distribution, sale or license of the Seller Products, or
(iii) the procurement of any third-party products or
services;
(c) an agreement, arrangement
or obligation with another Person which by its terms limits in any
material respect (i) the ability of Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries to solicit customers, (ii) the localities in
which all or any significant portion of the business and operations
of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries or, following the consummation
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the business
and operations of Buyer and its Affiliates, is or would be
conducted, or (iii) the scope of the business and operations
of Seller and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(d) any material licenses,
sublicenses and other agreements to which Seller or its
Subsidiaries are a party (i) granting any other Person the
right to use Seller Intellectual Property Assets, other than in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice,
(ii) restricting in any material respect the right of Seller
or its Subsidiaries to use Seller Intellectual Property Assets,
other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice, or (iii) pursuant to which Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries are authorized to use any third party Intellectual
Property Assets, which are incorporated in, are, or form a part of
the Seller Product or which are otherwise used (or currently
proposed to be used) by Seller or any of its Subsidiaries in the
Business other than commercial off-the-shelf software having an
acquisition price of less than $150,000 in the aggregate for all
such related software;
22
(e) a material contract that
contains any royalty, dividend or similar arrangement based on the
revenues or profits of Seller or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(f) a material contract with
any Governmental Authority;
(g) other than in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, a
contract for the acquisition or disposition of any material
interest in, or any material amount of, property or assets of
Seller or any of its Subsidiaries or for the grant to any Person of
any preferential rights to purchase any of their assets;
(h) a contract under which
Seller or any of its Subsidiaries has made advances or loans in
excess of $100,000 to any other Person; or
(i) any other agreement (or
group of related agreements) the performance of which requires
aggregate payments to or from Seller or any of its Subsidiaries in
excess of $400,000, other than agreements entered into in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice.
Seller has made available or delivered
to Buyer, Merger Sub and Merger LLC true and complete copies of all
written and accurate and complete descriptions of all material
terms of all oral Seller Contracts. Each Seller Contract is in full
force and effect and neither Seller nor any of its Subsidiaries or,
to the knowledge of Seller, any other party thereto is in default
or breach under the terms of any such Seller Contract. Each Seller
Contract is a valid and binding obligation of Seller and/or its
Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of Seller, each of the other
parties, enforceable against them in accordance with its terms,
subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium, or other similar laws relating to creditors’
rights and general principles of equity. Seller and/or each of its
Subsidiaries has duly performed all of its material obligations
under each such Seller Contract to the extent that such obligations
have accrued.
3.15 Properties
.
(a) Section 3.15(a) of
the Seller Disclosure Schedule identifies (i) the street
address of each parcel of Leased Real Property, (ii) the
identification of the lease, license, sublease or other occupancy
agreements and all amendments, modifications, supplements, and
assignments thereto, together with all exhibits, addendum, riders
and other documents constituting a part thereof for each parcel of
Leased Real Property (collectively, the “ Leases
”), and the identification of all subleases, overleases and
other ancillary agreements or documents pertaining to the tenancy
at each such parcel of Leased Real Property that materially affect
or may materially affect the tenancy at any Leased Real Property
(collectively the “ Ancillary Lease Documents ”)
and (iii) the identity of the lessor, lessee, and current
occupant (if different than the lessee) of each such parcel of
Leased Real Property. With respect to each Lease, except as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Seller Material
Adverse Effect:
(i) the Leases and the
Ancillary Lease Documents are valid, binding, and, subject to
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or
other similar laws relating to creditors’ rights and general
principles of equity, enforceable and in full force and effect and
have not been modified or amended
23
except as disclosed on
Section 3.15(a) of the Seller Disclosure Schedule, and Seller
or a Subsidiary holds a valid and existing leasehold interest under
such Leases free and clear of any Encumbrances except Permitted
Encumbrances. Seller has delivered to Buyer full, complete and
accurate copies of each of the Leases and all Ancillary Lease
Documents described in Section 3.15(a) of the Seller
Disclosure Schedule;
(ii) none of the Leased Real
Property is subject to any Encumbrance other than a Permitted
Encumbrance;
(iii) the Lease and all
Ancillary Lease Documents shall continue to be legal, valid,
binding, enforceable and in full force and effect on identical
terms following the Closing;
(iv) with respect to each of
the Leases, none of Seller nor any Subsidiary has exercised or
given any notice of exercise, nor has any lessor or landlord
exercised or received any notice of exercise, of any option, right
of first offer or right of first refusal contained in any such
Lease or Ancillary Lease Document, including any such option or
right pertaining to purchase, expansion, renewal, extension or
relocation;
(v) neither Seller, any of
its Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of Seller, any other party
to any Leases or Ancillary Lease Documents is in breach or default,
and, to the knowledge of Seller, no event has occurred which, with
notice or lapse of time, would constitute such a breach or default
or permit termination, modification or acceleration under the
Leases or any Ancillary Lease Documents;
(vi) no party to the Leases
has repudiated any provision thereof and there are no disputes,
oral agreements or forbearance programs in effect as to the Leases;
and
(vii) neither Seller nor any
of its Subsidiaries has assigned, transferred, conveyed, mortgaged,
deeded in trust or encumbered any of its rights and interest in the
leasehold or subleasehold under any of the Leases or any Ancillary
Lease Documents.
(viii) There are no
condemnation proceedings or eminent domain proceedings of any kind
pending or, to the knowledge of Seller, threatened against any Real
Property.
(ix) Seller and its
Subsidiaries own good title, free and clear of all Encumbrances, to
all personal property and other non-real estate assets, in all
cases excluding Intellectual Property Assets, necessary to conduct
the business of Seller as currently conducted, except for Permitted
Encumbrances. Seller and its Subsidiaries, as lessees, have the
right under valid and subsisting leases to use, possess, and
control all personal property leased by Seller or its Subsidiaries
as now used, possessed, and controlled by Seller or its
Subsidiaries, as applicable.
24
(b) The Leased Real Property
constitutes all of the real property used or occupied by Seller and
its Subsidiaries in connection with the conduct of the
Business.
(c) Neither Seller nor any
Subsidiary has any Owned Real Property.
3.16 Environmental
Liability . Except as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Seller Material Adverse Effect:
(a) Seller and its
Subsidiaries are in material compliance with all Environmental Laws
applicable to their operations and use of the Leased Real
Property;
(b) none of Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries has generated, transported, treated, stored, or
disposed of any Hazardous Material, except in material compliance
with all applicable Environmental Laws, and there has been no
Release or threat of Release of any Hazardous Material by any of
Seller or its Subsidiaries at or on the Leased Real Property that
requires reporting, investigation or remediation by Seller or its
Subsidiaries pursuant to any Environmental Law;
(c) none of Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries has (i) received written notice under the
citizen suit provisions of any Environmental Law or (ii) been
subject to or, to the knowledge of Seller, threatened with any
governmental or citizen enforcement action with respect to any
Environmental Law; and
(d) to the knowledge of
Seller, there are no underground storage tanks, landfills, current
or former waste disposal areas or polychlorinated biphenyls at or
on the Leased Real Property that require reporting, investigation,
cleanup, remediation or any other type of response action by Seller
or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to any Environmental
Law.
(e) For the purposes of this
Agreement:
(i) “
Environment ” means soil, surface waters, groundwater,
land, stream sediments, surface or subsurface strata and ambient
air and biota living in or on such media.
(ii) “ Environmental
Laws ” means all Laws relating to protection of the
Environment, including, without limitation, the federal
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Clean Air Act,
the Clean Water Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the
Endangered Species Act and similar federal, state and local laws as
in effect on the Closing Date.
(iii) “ Hazardous
Material ” means any pollutant, toxic substance,
hazardous waste, hazardous materials, hazardous substances,
petroleum or petroleum-containing products as defined in, or listed
under, any Environmental Law.
25
(iv) “ Release
” means any releasing, disposing, discharging, injecting,
spilling, leaking, pumping, dumping, emitting, escaping or emptying
of a Hazardous Material into the Environment.
3.17 State Takeover
Laws . The Board of Directors of Seller has approved this
Agreement and taken all other requisite action such that the
provisions of any antitakeover laws and regulations of any
Governmental Authority, including, without limitation, any
provisions of the Seller Charter relating to special voting
requirements for certain business combinations, will not apply to
this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated
hereby.
3.18 Customers
. During the 12 month period ended April 30, 2007 and the nine
month period ended October 31, 2007, none of Seller’s
customers accounted for more than 5% of Seller’s revenues.
Since April 30, 2007, none of the 20 largest customers of
Seller during the 12 month period ended April 30, 2007 and the
nine month period ended October 31, 2007, (a) has
cancelled, terminated or materially adversely altered its
relationship with Seller or its Subsidiaries, other than in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or
(b) to the knowledge of Seller, has threatened or indicated
its intention to Seller to cancel, terminate or materially
adversely alter its relationship with Seller or its Subsidiaries or
to reduce materially its purchase from or sale to Seller or any of
its Subsidiaries of any products, goods or services, other than in
the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice. To
the knowledge of Seller, as of the date hereof no customer of
Seller or any of its Subsidiaries has threatened or indicated its
intention to Seller or such Subsidiary to cancel, terminate or
materially adversely alter its relationship with Seller or such
Subsidiary as a result of the Merger or any similar
transaction.
3.19 Intellectual
Property .
(a) Section 3.19 of the
Seller Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of
all registered Marks and applications to register Marks that are
owned by Seller or any of its Subsidiaries, issued Patents and
applications to register Patents owned by Seller, and registered
Copyrights owned by Seller or any of its Subsidiaries
(collectively, “ Seller Registered IP Rights ”),
including each jurisdiction in which Seller Registered IP Rights
have been filed or registered and all applicable serial or
registration numbers. Except as set forth on Section 3.19 of
the Seller Disclosure Schedule:
(i) to the knowledge of
Seller, Seller and its Subsidiaries exclusively own or possesses
adequate and enforceable rights to use all of the Intellectual
Property Assets necessary for the operation of the Business as
currently conducted, free and clear of all Encumbrances other than
Permitted Encumbrances, except as would not reasonably be expected
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Seller Material
Adverse Effect;
(ii) Seller and its
Subsidiaries are not now nor have they ever been a member or a
promoter of, or a contributor to, any industry standards body or
similar organization that would require or obligate them to grant
or offer to any other Person any license or right to any Seller
Intellectual Property Asset;
(iii) to the knowledge of
Seller, all Seller Intellectual Property Assets are valid and
enforceable and all Seller Registered IP Rights that have been
issued or
26
registered by, or are the
subject of an application filed with, as applicable, the U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office, U.S. Copyright Office or in any
similar office or agency anywhere in the world, are currently in
compliance with formal legal requirements (including without
limitation, as applicable, payment of filing, examination and
maintenance fees, proofs of working or use, timely
post-registration filing of affidavits of use and incontestability
and renewal applications), and to the knowledge of Seller, all
actions, documents and instruments necessary to maintain or if
registered perfect the rights of Seller in and to the Seller
Intellectual Property Assets have been taken, validly executed,
delivered and/or filed in a timely manner with the appropriate
Governmental Authority (including, but not limited to those steps
necessary to maintain or if registered perfect Seller’s
rights in Seller Intellectual Property Assets developed under
contracts or awards from the United States Government), except as
would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Seller Material Adverse Effect;
(iv) there are no pending
claims, or, to the knowledge of Seller, threatened claims against
any of Seller or any of its Subsidiaries alleging that any of the
operations of the Business, any activity by Seller or its
Subsidiaries, any computer programs and/or services and related
documentation that Seller or its Subsidiaries design, manufacture,
market, sell and/or distribute for themselves, a customer or a
third party (each such product or service shall be referred to
herein as a “ Seller Product “) infringes on or
violates (or in the past infringed or violated) the rights of third
parties in or to any Intellectual Property Assets (“ Third
Party IP Rights ”) or constitutes a misappropriation of
(or in the past constituted a misappropriation of) any Trade
Secrets of any Person or that any of the Seller Intellectual
Property Assets is invalid or unenforceable, nor is there any
interference, opposition, reissue, reexamination or other
proceeding of any nature pending or, to the knowledge of Seller,
threatened, in which the scope, validity and/or enforceability of
any S
|