EXECUTION VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Dated as of February 25, 2008
among
Galderma Laboratories, Inc.,
Galderma Acquisition Inc.
and
CollaGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| ARTICLE I THE OFFER |
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SECTION 1.1
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The Offer |
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SECTION 1.2
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Company Actions |
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SECTION 1.3
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Directors of the Company |
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SECTION 1.4
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Stockholders Meeting |
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SECTION 1.5
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Offer Documents; Schedule 14D-9;
Proxy Statement |
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| ARTICLE II THE MERGER |
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SECTION 2.1
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The Merger |
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SECTION 2.2
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Closing |
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SECTION 2.3
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Effective Time |
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SECTION 2.4
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Effects of the Merger |
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SECTION 2.5
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Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation |
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SECTION 2.6
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Directors and Officers of the
Surviving Corporation |
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SECTION 2.7
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Conversion of Securities |
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SECTION 2.8
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Exchange of Certificates |
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SECTION 2.9
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Appraisal Rights |
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SECTION 2.10
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Company Options |
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| ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY |
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SECTION 3.1
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Organization, Standing and Corporate
Power |
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SECTION 3.2
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Capitalization |
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SECTION 3.3
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Authority; Noncontravention; Voting
Requirements |
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SECTION 3.4
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Governmental Approvals |
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SECTION 3.5
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Company SEC Documents; Financial
Statements; Undisclosed Liabilities |
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SECTION 3.6
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Absence of Certain Changes |
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SECTION 3.7
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Legal Proceedings |
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SECTION 3.8
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Compliance With Laws; Permits;
Regulatory Compliance |
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SECTION 3.9
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Information Supplied |
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SECTION 3.10
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Tax Matters |
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SECTION 3.11
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Employee Benefits and Labor
Matters |
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SECTION 3.12
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Contracts |
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SECTION 3.13
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Environmental Matters |
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SECTION 3.14
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Intellectual Property |
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SECTION 3.15
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Products and Operations;
Manufacturing |
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SECTION 3.16
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Insurance |
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SECTION 3.17
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Real Property |
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SECTION 3.18
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Opinion of Financial Advisor |
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SECTION 3.19
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Brokers and Other Advisors |
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SECTION 3.20
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No Other Representations or
Warranties |
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| ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER |
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SECTION 4.1
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Organization and Standing |
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SECTION 4.2
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Authority; Noncontravention |
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SECTION 4.3
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Governmental Approvals |
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SECTION 4.4
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Information Supplied |
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SECTION 4.5
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Ownership and Operations of
Purchaser |
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SECTION 4.6
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Capital Resources |
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SECTION 4.7
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Legal Proceedings |
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SECTION 4.8
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Brokers and Other Advisors |
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SECTION 4.9
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Ownership of Company Common
Stock |
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SECTION 4.10
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No Reliance |
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| ARTICLE V ADDITIONAL COVENANTS AND
AGREEMENTS |
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SECTION 5.1
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Conduct of Business |
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SECTION 5.2
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No Solicitations |
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SECTION 5.3
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Efforts to Consummate |
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SECTION 5.4
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Public Announcements |
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SECTION 5.5
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Access to Information;
Confidentiality |
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SECTION 5.6
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Notification of Certain Matters |
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SECTION 5.7
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Indemnification and Insurance |
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SECTION 5.8
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Fees and Expenses |
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SECTION 5.9
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Rule 16b-3 |
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SECTION 5.10
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Employee Matters |
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SECTION 5.11
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Delisting |
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SECTION 5.12
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Takeover Laws |
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SECTION 5.13
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Stockholder Litigation |
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SECTION 5.14
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Purchase of Shares of Series D-1
Preferred Stock |
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| ARTICLE VI CONDITIONS TO THE
MERGER |
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SECTION 6.1
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Conditions to Each Party’s
Obligation to Effect the Merger |
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| ARTICLE VII TERMINATION |
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SECTION 7.1
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Termination |
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SECTION 7.2
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Effect of Termination |
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SECTION 7.3
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Termination Fees |
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| ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS |
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SECTION 8.1
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Survival of Representations,
Warranties and Agreements |
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SECTION 8.2
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Amendment or Supplement |
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SECTION 8.3
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Extension of Time, Waiver, Etc |
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SECTION 8.4
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Assignment |
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SECTION 8.5
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Counterparts |
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SECTION 8.6
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Entire Agreement; No Third-Party
Beneficiaries |
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SECTION 8.7
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Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Waiver
of Jury Trial |
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SECTION 8.8
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Specific Enforcement; Remedies |
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SECTION 8.9
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Notices |
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SECTION 8.10
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Severability |
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SECTION 8.11
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Definitions |
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SECTION 8.12
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Interpretation |
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Annex A
Conditions of the Offer
Annex B Preferred Stockholder
Agreement
iii
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of February 25, 2008
(this “ Agreement ”), is among Galderma
Laboratories, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent
”), Galderma Acquisition Inc., a Delaware corporation and a
wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“ Purchaser
”), and CollaGenex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “ Company ”). Certain terms
used in this Agreement without definition shall have their meanings
as defined in Section 8.11 .
WHEREAS,
the respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Purchaser and the
Company each deems it advisable that Parent acquire the Company on
the terms and subject to the conditions provided for in this
Agreement;
WHEREAS,
in furtherance thereof it is proposed that such acquisition be
accomplished by (a) Purchaser commencing a tender offer to
purchase all of the shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, of the
Company (“ Company Common Stock ”) issued and
outstanding (each, a “ Share ” and,
collectively, the “ Shares ”), for $16.60 per
Share (such amount or any greater amount per Share paid pursuant to
the Offer being hereinafter referred to as the “ Offer
Price ”), subject to any required withholding of Taxes,
net to the sellers in cash, on the terms and subject to the
conditions provided for in this Agreement (such cash tender offer,
as it may be amended from time to time as permitted by this
Agreement, the “ Offer ”), and
(b) following the consummation of the Offer, the merger of
Purchaser with and into the Company, with the Company being the
surviving corporation, in accordance with the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”),
pursuant to which (i) the Shares (other than certain Shares as
provided in Section 2.7(b) and Dissenting Shares) will
be converted into the right to receive the Offer Price and
(ii) the outstanding shares (each, a “
Series D-1 Share ” and, collectively, the “
Series D-1 Shares ”) of the Series D-1
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, of the
Company (the “ Series D-1 Preferred Stock
”) (other than certain Series D-1 Shares as provided in
Section 2.7(b) and Dissenting Shares) will be converted
into the right to receive an amount of cash equal to the product of
the number of shares of Company Common Stock into which such
Series D-1 Shares are convertible pursuant to and in
accordance with Section A.5 of the Certificate of Designation,
Preferences and Rights of the Series D-1 Cumulative Convertible
Preferred Stock, dated as of December 19, 2005 (the “
Series D-1 Preferred Stock Certificate of Designation
”) multiplied by the Offer Price, subject to any required
withholding of Taxes, on the terms and subject to the conditions
provided for in this Agreement (the “ Merger
”);
WHEREAS,
the respective Boards of Directors of the Company, Parent (on its
own behalf and as the sole direct or indirect stockholder of
Purchaser), and Purchaser have approved this Agreement and resolved
that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are advisable
and in the best interests of their respective stockholders,
including the consummation of the Offer and the Merger, upon the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and
in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL;
WHEREAS,
the Company Board has resolved to recommend that the holders of
Company Common Stock (the “ Company Stockholders
”) accept the Offer, tender their shares of Company Common
Stock in the Offer, and, to the extent required by applicable Law,
approve
the
Merger and adopt this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement (including the Offer and the Merger), in each
case, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
this Agreement; and
WHEREAS,
concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, Parent,
Purchaser and holders (collectively, the “ Company
Preferred Stockholders ”) of 90% or more of the
Series D-1 Shares have entered into a preferred stock purchase
and voting agreement, dated as of the date of this Agreement (the
“ Preferred Stockholder Agreement ”), pursuant
to which each Company Preferred Stockholder has agreed to, among
other things, sell, convey, transfer, assign and deliver to
Purchaser all of such Company Preferred Stockholder’s
Series D-1 Shares immediately following the time Purchaser
purchases Shares in the Offer, a copy of which Preferred
Stockholder Agreement is attached as Annex B hereto;
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, warranties,
covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, and intending
to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Purchaser and the Company
hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
The
Offer
SECTION 1.1 The Offer .
(a) Provided
that this Agreement shall not have been terminated in accordance
with Article VII and none of the events or
circumstances set forth in clause (iii) of Annex A
hereto shall have occurred and be existing (and shall not have been
waived by Purchaser), Purchaser shall (and Parent shall cause
Purchaser to) commence (within the meaning of Rule 14d-2 under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Exchange Act
”)) the Offer to purchase all of the Shares at the Offer
Price as promptly as reasonably practicable, but in no event later
than ten (10) Business Days, after the date of this Agreement;
provided , however , that such ten (10) Business
Day deadline to commence the Offer will be extended to such date as
the Company is ready to file the Schedule 14D-9 on the same date as
the commencement of the Offer. The obligation of Purchaser to
accept for payment and pay for Shares tendered pursuant to the
Offer shall be subject only to (x) the satisfaction of the
condition that at the expiration of the Offer there be validly
tendered in accordance with the terms of the Offer and not
withdrawn that number of Shares which, when taken together with
Shares (if any) then owned by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries,
represents more than 50% of the Shares then outstanding determined
on a fully-diluted basis (on a “fully-diluted basis”
meaning the number of Shares then issued and outstanding
plus all shares of Company Common Stock which the Company
may be required to issue as of such date pursuant to options,
warrants, convertible securities (other than the shares of
Series D-1 Preferred Stock owned, beneficially or of record,
as of the date hereof, by the Company Preferred Stockholders) or
similar obligations regardless of the conversion or exercise price,
the vesting schedule or other terms and conditions thereof) (the
“ Minimum Condition ”), and (y) the
satisfaction (or waiver by Purchaser) of the other conditions set
forth in Annex A hereto. Purchaser expressly reserves the
right to waive any of such conditions (other than the Minimum
Condition), to increase the price per Share payable in the Offer
and to make any other
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changes
in the terms of the Offer; provided , however , that
no change may be made without the prior written consent of the
Company which decreases the price per Share payable in the Offer,
changes the form of consideration payable in the Offer, reduces the
maximum number of Shares sought to be purchased in the Offer,
imposes conditions to the Offer in addition to, or modifies or
amends, the conditions set forth in Annex A hereto, waives
the Minimum Condition or makes any other changes in the terms of
the Offer that are in any manner adverse to the holders of Shares
or, except as provided below, extends the expiration date of the
Offer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to the right of the
parties to terminate this Agreement in accordance with
Section 7.1 , Purchaser may, and at the request of the
Company shall, extend the Offer (i) beyond the initial
scheduled expiration date, which shall be twenty (20) business
days (as defined in Rule 14d-1 under the Exchange Act)
following the date of commencement of the Offer, or any subsequent
scheduled expiration date, if, at the scheduled expiration of the
Offer, any of the conditions to Purchaser’s obligation to
accept for payment and to pay for Shares tendered shall not be
satisfied or, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, waived and
(ii) for any period required by any rule, regulation or
interpretation of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“ SEC ”) or the staff thereof applicable to the
Offer; provided that Purchaser shall not be required to
extend the Offer to a date later than the Outside Date. Each
extension of the Offer pursuant to clause (i) of the preceding
sentence shall not exceed ten (10) Business Days (or such
longer period as the Company and Purchaser may agree in writing in
any particular instance) or such fewer number of days that
Purchaser reasonably believes are necessary to cause the conditions
of the Offer set forth in Annex A hereto to be satisfied.
Subject to the terms of this Agreement and the satisfaction or
earlier waiver of all the conditions of the Offer set forth in
Annex A hereto as of any expiration date of the Offer,
Purchaser shall (and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) accept for
payment and pay for all Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn
pursuant to the Offer promptly after it is permitted to do so under
applicable Laws (but in no event later than two (2) Business
Days after such expiration date of the Offer). In addition, if, at
the expiration date of the Offer, all of the conditions to the
Offer have been satisfied (or, to the extent permitted by this
Agreement, waived by Purchaser) but the number of Shares validly
tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer, when taken
together with Shares, if any, then owned by Parent and its
Subsidiaries, constitutes less than 90% of the Shares then
outstanding, determined on a fully-diluted basis (as defined in
Section 1.1(a) ), Purchaser may, or at the
Company’s request (subject to applicable Laws) shall, provide
for one or more “subsequent offering periods” (as
contemplated by Rule 14d-11 under the Exchange Act) for at
least three (3) but not more than twenty (20) Business
Days following the Purchase Date, in which event Purchaser shall
(and Parent shall cause Purchaser to) (A) give the required
notice of such subsequent offering period and (B) immediately
accept and promptly pay for all Shares tendered during the
“initial offering period” and immediately accept and
promptly pay for all Shares tendered during any “subsequent
offering period,” in each case in accordance with
Rule 14d-11 under the Exchange Act. On or prior to the date
that Purchaser becomes obligated to pay for Shares pursuant to the
Offer, Parent shall provide or cause to be provided to Purchaser
the funds necessary to pay for all Shares that Purchaser becomes so
obligated to pay for pursuant to the Offer. The Offer Price shall,
subject to any required withholding of Taxes, be net to the sellers
in cash, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer.
The Company agrees that no shares of Company Common Stock held by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries will be tendered in the
Offer.
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(b) As
promptly as practicable on the date of commencement of the Offer,
Parent and Purchaser shall file with the SEC a Tender Offer
Statement on Schedule TO (together with all amendments,
supplements and exhibits thereto, the “
Schedule TO ”) with respect to the Offer. The
Schedule TO shall contain or incorporate by reference an offer
to purchase and forms of the related letter of transmittal and all
other ancillary Offer documents (collectively, together with all
amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto, the “ Offer
Documents ”). Parent and Purchaser shall cause the Offer
Documents to be disseminated to the holders of the Shares as and to
the extent required by applicable federal securities Laws and rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder. Parent and Purchaser, on
the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall promptly
correct any information provided by them for use in the Offer
Documents if and to the extent that it shall be or shall have
become false or misleading in any material respect, and Parent and
Purchaser shall cause the Offer Documents as so corrected to be
filed with the SEC and disseminated to holders of the Shares, in
each case, as and to the extent required by applicable federal
securities Laws and rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
The Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity
to review and comment upon the Offer Documents before they are
filed with the SEC and disseminated to holders of Shares. In
addition, Parent and Purchaser shall provide the Company and its
counsel with any comments that Parent or Purchaser or their counsel
may receive from time to time from the SEC or its staff with
respect to the Offer Documents promptly after the receipt of such
comments, consult with the Company and its counsel prior to
responding to any such comments and provide the Company with copies
of all such responses.
(c) Purchaser
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration
otherwise payable pursuant to the Offer (or in connection with any
subsequent offering period) any such amounts as are required to be
deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment
under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “
Code ”), or under any provision of state, local or
foreign Tax Law.
SECTION 1.2 Company Actions
.
(a) As
promptly as practicable on the date of commencement of the Offer,
the Company shall file with the SEC a Solicitation/Recommendation
Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (together with all amendments,
supplements and exhibits thereto, the “
Schedule 14D-9 ”) which, subject to
Section 5.2 , shall contain the Company Recommendation.
The Company shall cause the Schedule 14D-9 to be disseminated
to holders of the Shares as and to the extent required by
applicable federal securities Laws and rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. The Company, on the one hand, and each of
Parent and Purchaser, on the other hand, shall promptly correct any
information provided by it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if
and to the extent that it shall be or shall have become false or
misleading in any material respect, and the Company shall cause the
Schedule 14D-9 as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and
disseminated to holders of the Shares, in each case, as and to the
extent required by applicable federal securities Laws and rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder. Parent and its counsel shall be
given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon the
Schedule 14D-9 before it is filed with the SEC and
disseminated to holders of Shares. In addition, the Company shall
provide Parent and its counsel with any comments that the Company
or its counsel may receive from time to time from the SEC or its
staff with respect to the Schedule 14D-9 promptly after the
receipt of such comments,
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consult
with Parent and its counsel prior to responding to any such
comments and provide Parent with copies of all such
responses.
(b) The
Company shall promptly furnish Purchaser with mailing labels
containing the names and addresses of all record holders of Shares
and with security position listings of Shares held in stock
depositories, each as of a recent date, together with all other
available listings and computer files containing names, addresses
and security position listings of record holders and beneficial
owners of Shares. The Company shall furnish Purchaser with such
additional information, including updated listings and computer
files of stockholders, mailing labels and security position
listings, and such other assistance as Parent, Purchaser or their
agents may reasonably require in communicating the Offer to the
record and beneficial holders of Shares. Subject to the
requirements of applicable Laws, and except for such steps as are
necessary to disseminate the Offer Documents and any other
documents necessary to consummate the Offer or the Merger, Parent
and Purchaser shall hold in confidence the information contained in
such labels, listings and files, shall use such information solely
in connection with the Offer and the Merger, and, if this Agreement
is terminated in accordance with Section 7.1 or if the
Offer is otherwise terminated, shall promptly deliver or cause to
be delivered to the Company all copies of such information, labels,
listings and files then in their possession or in the possession of
their agents or representatives.
(c) The
Company grants to Parent and Purchaser an irrevocable option (the
“ Merger Option ”) to purchase up to that number
of newly issued shares of Company Common Stock (the “
Merger Option Shares ”) equal to the number of shares
of Company Common Stock that, when added to the number of shares of
Company Common Stock owned by Parent and Purchaser immediately
following consummation of the Offer, shall constitute one share
more than 90% of the shares of Company Common Stock then
outstanding on a fully-diluted basis (after giving effect to the
issuance of the Merger Option Shares) for consideration per Merger
Option Share equal to the Offer Price; provided ,
however , that the obligation of the Company to deliver
Merger Option Shares upon the exercise of the Merger Option is
subject to the condition that no judgment, injunction, order or
decree shall prohibit the exercise of the Merger Option or the
delivery of the Merger Option Shares in respect of such
exercise.
(d) The
Merger Option shall be exercisable only after the purchase of and
payment for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Offer by
Parent or Purchaser as a result of which Parent and Purchaser own
beneficially at least 80% of the outstanding shares of Company
Common Stock on a fully-diluted basis. The Merger Option shall not
be exercisable to the extent that the number of shares of Company
Common Stock subject thereto exceeds (x) the number of
authorized shares of Company Common Stock available for issuance or
(y) the number of shares of Company Common Stock that may be
issued to Parent and Purchaser without obtaining stockholder
approval under the rules of NASDAQ.
(e) In
the event that Parent or Purchaser wish to exercise the Merger
Option, Purchaser shall give the Company one (1) Business
Day’s prior written notice specifying the number of shares of
Company Common Stock that are owned by Parent and Purchaser
immediately following consummation of the Offer and specifying a
place and a time for the closing of the purchase. The Company
shall, as soon as practicable following receipt of such notice,
deliver written notice to Purchaser specifying the number of Merger
Option Shares. At
5
the
closing of the purchase of the Merger Option Shares, Parent or
Purchaser shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the product
of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock purchased
pursuant to the Merger Option, multiplied by (ii) the Offer
Price, which amount shall be paid in cash (by wire transfer or
cashier’s check) or, at the election of Parent or Purchaser,
by delivery of a promissory note having full recourse to
Parent.
(f) Parent
and Purchaser acknowledge that the Merger Option Shares which
Parent and Purchaser may acquire upon exercise of the Merger Option
will not be registered under the Securities Act and will be issued
in reliance upon an exemption thereunder for transactions not
involving a public offering. Parent and Purchaser represent and
warrant to the Company that Purchaser is, or will be upon the
purchase of the Merger Option Shares, an “accredited
investor”, as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D
under the Securities Act. Parent and Purchaser agree that the
Merger Option and the Merger Option Shares to be acquired upon
exercise of the Merger Option are being and will be acquired by
Purchaser for the purpose of investment and not with a view to, or
for resale in connection with, any distribution thereof (within the
meaning of the Securities Act).
SECTION 1.3 Directors of the
Company .
(a) Upon
the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer and for so long
thereafter as Parent and its Subsidiaries own in the aggregate more
than 50% of the outstanding Shares (the “ Board
Representation Period ”), determined on a fully-diluted
basis (as defined in Section 1.1(a) ), Parent shall be
entitled to designate for appointment or election to the Company
Board, upon written notice to the Company, such number of
directors, rounded up to the next whole number, as is equal to the
product obtained by multiplying the total number of directors on
the Company Board (after giving effect to the directors designated
by Parent pursuant to this sentence) by the percentage that the
number of Shares so owned by Parent and its Subsidiaries bears to
the total number of Shares then outstanding. In furtherance
thereof, the Company shall, upon request of Parent, use its
reasonable best efforts, subject to compliance with applicable
securities Laws and applicable rules of the NASDAQ Global Market
(“ NASDAQ ”), to promptly cause Parent’s
designees (and any replacement designees in the event that any
designee shall no longer be on the Company Board) to be so
appointed or elected to the Company Board and, in furtherance
thereof, to the extent necessary, use its reasonable best efforts
to increase the size of the Company Board or obtain the resignation
of such number of its directors as is necessary to give effect to
the foregoing provision. During the Board Representation Period,
subject to Section 1.3(c) , the Company will cause
individuals designated by Parent to constitute such number of
members of each committee of the Company Board, rounded up to the
next whole number, that represents the same percentage as such
individuals represent on the Company Board, other than any
committee established to take action under this Agreement which
committee shall be composed only of Independent Directors.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, until the Effective Time, the
Company Board shall have at least two (2) directors who are
directors of the Company on the date of this Agreement and who are
not officers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (“
Independent Directors ”); provided for the
avoidance of doubt, the director elected by the holders of the
Series D-1 Preferred Stock, pursuant to Section A.8 of
the Series D-1 Preferred Stock Certificate of Designation may
constitute an Independent Director for purposes of this
Section 1.3(a) ; and provided , further ,
that if the number of Independent Directors shall be reduced below
two (2) for any reason whatsoever (or if immediately
following
6
consummation of the Offer there are not at least two
(2) then-existing directors of the Company who are
(A) Qualified Persons and (B) willing to serve as
Independent Directors), then the number of Independent Directors
required hereunder shall be one (1), unless the remaining
Independent Director is able to identify a person who is not then
an officer or Affiliate of the Company, Parent or any of their
respective Subsidiaries (any such person being referred to herein
as a “ Qualified Person ”; it being understood
that, for purposes of this definition, a person that would
otherwise not be considered an Affiliate of the Company shall not
be deemed an Affiliate of the Company solely because he or she is a
director of the Company), willing to serve as an Independent
Director, in which case such remaining Independent Director shall
be entitled to designate any such Qualified Person to fill such
vacancy, and such designated Qualified Person shall be deemed to be
an Independent Director for purposes of this Agreement, or if no
Independent Directors then remain, the other directors shall be
required to designate two (2) Qualified Persons to fill such
vacancies, and such persons shall be deemed to be Independent
Directors for purposes of this Agreement.
(b) The
Company shall promptly take all actions required pursuant to
Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14f-l
promulgated thereunder in order to fulfill its obligations under
Section 1.3(a) , including mailing to the
Company’s stockholders the information required by such
Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1 (which the Company shall
mail together with the Schedule 14D-9 if it receives from
Parent and Purchaser the information below on a basis timely to
permit such mailing) as is necessary to fulfill the Company’s
obligations under Section 1.3(a) . The Company’s
obligation to appoint Parent’s designees to the Company Board
pursuant to Section 1.3(a) shall be subject to
compliance with Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and
Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder and to Parent’s
compliance with its obligations under the following sentence.
Parent and Purchaser shall supply the Company such information with
respect to Parent and Purchaser and their nominees, officers,
directors and Affiliates required by such Section 14(f) and
Rule 14f-1 as is necessary in connection with the appointment
of any of Parent’s designees under Section 1.3(a)
, and Parent and Purchaser shall be solely responsible for the
accuracy and completeness of such information.
(c) Following
the election or appointment of Parent’s designees pursuant to
Section 1.3(a) and prior to the Effective Time, the
approval by affirmative vote or written consent of a majority of
the Independent Directors then in office (or, if there shall be
only one (1) Independent Director then in office, the
Independent Director) (the “ Independent Director
Approval ”) shall be required to authorize (and such
authorization shall constitute the authorization of the Company
Board and no other action on the part of the Company, including any
action by any other committee thereof or any other director of the
Company, shall, unless otherwise required by applicable Law, be
required or permitted to authorize) (i) any amendment or
termination of this Agreement by the Company, (ii) any
extension by the Company of time for performance of any obligation
or action under this Agreement by Parent or Purchaser,
(iii) any waiver, exercise or enforcement of any of the
Company’s rights under this Agreement, (iv) any other
action by the Company which could adversely affect the interests of
the stockholders of the Company (other than Parent or any of its
Affiliates) or (v) any amendment of the Company Charter
Documents. The Independent Directors shall have the authority to
retain such counsel and other advisors at the expense of the
Company as are reasonably appropriate to the exercise of their
duties in connection with this Agreement, subject to approval by
the Company of the terms of such retention, which approval shall
not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. In
7
addition, the Independent Directors shall have the authority to
institute any action, on behalf of the Company, to enforce
performance of this Agreement.
SECTION 1.4 Stockholders
Meeting .
(a) As
promptly as practicable following the acceptance for payment of
Shares by Parent or Purchaser or any of their Affiliates pursuant
to and in accordance with the terms of the Offer on the Purchase
Date (the “ Acceptance Time ”) (or, if later,
following the termination of the subsequent offering period, if
any), if required by applicable Law in order to consummate the
Merger, the Company, acting through the Company Board, shall, in
accordance with applicable Law and the Company Charter
Documents:
(i) duly
call, give notice of, convene and hold an annual or special meeting
of the Company Stockholders and the holders of Series D-1
Preferred Stock (the “ Series D-1 Holders
”) for the purposes of considering and taking action upon the
adoption of this Agreement (the “ Company Stockholders
Meeting ”); and
(ii) in
consultation with Parent, prepare and file with the SEC a
preliminary proxy or information statement relating to the Merger
and this Agreement and obtain and furnish the information required
by the SEC to be included therein and, after consultation with
Parent, respond promptly to any comments made by the SEC with
respect to the preliminary proxy or information statement and cause
a definitive proxy or information statement (together with all
amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto, the “ Proxy
Statement ”) to be mailed to the Company Stockholders and
the Series D-1 Holders at the earliest practicable date;
provided that no amendments or supplements to the Proxy
Statement shall be made by the Company without consultation with
Parent. Parent shall provide the Company with such information with
respect to Parent and its Affiliates as shall be required to be
included in the Proxy Statement.
(b) Notwithstanding
the provisions of Section 1.4(a) , in the event that
Parent, Purchaser and any of Parent’s other Subsidiaries
shall acquire in the aggregate at least 90% of the outstanding
shares of each class of capital stock of the Company pursuant to
the Offer or otherwise, the parties hereto shall, subject to
Article VI , take all necessary and appropriate action
to cause the Merger to become effective as soon as practicable
after such acquisition, without a meeting of stockholders of the
Company, in accordance with Section 253 of the DGCL.
(c) Parent
shall vote, or cause to be voted, all of the shares of capital
stock of the Company acquired in the Offer or pursuant to the
Preferred Stockholder Agreement or otherwise then owned by it,
Purchaser or any of Parent’s other Subsidiaries in favor of
the adoption of this Agreement at the Company Stockholders Meeting
or in order to take the actions required by
Section 1.4(b) .
SECTION 1.5 Offer Documents;
Schedule 14D-9; Proxy Statement . Without limiting any
other provision of this Agreement, whenever any party hereto
becomes aware of any event or change which is required to be set
forth in an amendment or supplement to the Offer Documents, the
Schedule 14D-9 and/or the Proxy Statement, such party shall
promptly inform the other parties thereof and each of the parties
shall cooperate in the preparation, filing with the SEC and (as and
to the extent required by applicable federal securities Laws and
rules and
8
regulations promulgated thereunder) dissemination to the
Company’s stockholders of such amendment or supplement.
ARTICLE II
The
Merger
SECTION 2.1 The Merger . Upon
the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, at the Effective Time
Purchaser shall be merged with and into the Company, and the
separate corporate existence of Purchaser shall thereupon cease,
and the Company shall be the surviving corporation in the Merger
(the “ Surviving Corporation ”).
SECTION 2.2 Closing . The
closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall
take place at 10:00 a.m. (New York time) on a date to be
specified by the parties (the “ Closing Date ”),
which date shall be no later than the second (2 nd ) Business
Day after satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article VI (other than those conditions that by their
nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the
satisfaction or waiver of those conditions at such time), at the
offices of Debevoise & Plimpton LLP, 919 Third Avenue, New
York, New York 10022, unless another time, date or place is agreed
to in writing by the parties hereto.
SECTION 2.3 Effective Time .
Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, as soon as practicable
on the Closing Date, the parties shall file with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger (or, if
applicable, a certificate of ownership and merger) executed in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the “
Certificate of Merger ”). The Merger shall become
effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger or at such
later time as is agreed to by the parties hereto and specified in
the Certificate of Merger (the time at which the Merger becomes
effective is herein referred to as the “ Effective
Time ”).
SECTION 2.4 Effects of the
Merger . The Merger shall have the effects set forth in the
DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject
thereto, at the Effective Time, all the properties, rights,
privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Purchaser
shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities
and duties of the Company and Purchaser shall become the debts,
liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 2.5 Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation . The
certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Purchaser, as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the certificate
of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until
thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Law (but
subject to Section 5.7 ).
SECTION 2.6 Directors and Officers
of the Surviving Corporation .
(a) The
directors of Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation immediately
following the Effective Time, until their respective successors are
duly elected or appointed and qualified or their earlier death,
resignation or removal in accordance with the certificate of
incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
9
(b) The
officers of Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
be the officers of the Surviving Corporation until their respective
successors are duly appointed and qualified or their earlier death,
resignation or removal in accordance with the certificate of
incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 2.7 Conversion of
Securities . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of the holders of any securities of
Purchaser or the Company:
(a) Each
issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Purchaser shall be
converted into and become one (1) validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share,
of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Any
shares of Company Common Stock that are owned by the Company as
treasury stock and any Shares or Series D-1 Shares owned by
Parent, Purchaser, any other Subsidiary of Parent or a Subsidiary
of the Company shall be automatically canceled and shall cease to
exist and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange
therefor.
(c) Each
(i) Share (other than (x) Shares to be canceled in
accordance with Section 2.7(b) and (y) any
Dissenting Shares), shall be converted into the right to receive an
amount of cash equal to the Offer Price payable upon surrender, in
the manner provided in this Agreement, to the holder of the
certificate formerly representing such Share, without interest and
(ii) Series D-1 Share (other than
(x) Series D-1 Shares to be canceled in accordance with
Section 2.7(b) and (y) any Dissenting Shares)
shall be converted into the right to receive an amount of cash
equal to the product of the number of shares of Company Common
Stock into which such Series D-1 Shares are convertible
pursuant to and in accordance with Section A.5 of the Series
D-1 Preferred Stock Certificate of Designation multiplied by the
Offer Price payable upon surrender, in the manner provided in this
Agreement, to the holder of the certificate formerly representing
such Series D-1 Share, without interest (collectively, the
“ Merger Consideration ”). All such Shares and
Series D-1 Shares, when so converted, shall no longer be
outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and shall cease to
exist, and each holder of a certificate which immediately prior to
the Effective Time represented any such Shares or such
Series D-1 Shares shall cease to have any rights with respect
thereto, except the right to receive the Merger Consideration
therefor upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with
this Agreement, without interest.
(d) The
Merger Consideration shall be adjusted to reflect fully the effect
of any reclassification, stock split, reverse split, stock dividend
(including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible
into Shares), reorganization, recapitalization or other like change
with respect to Shares, occurring (or for which a record date is
established) after the date of this Agreement and prior to the
Effective Time.
SECTION 2.8 Exchange of
Certificates .
(a)
Paying Agent . Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall
designate a bank or trust company reasonably acceptable to the
Company to act as agent for the holders of Shares and the holders
of Series D-1 Shares in connection with the Merger (the
“ Paying Agent ”) to
10
receive,
on terms reasonably acceptable to the Company, for the benefit of
holders of Shares and the holders of Series D-1 Shares, the
aggregate Merger Consideration to which holders of Shares and
holders of Series D-1 Shares shall become entitled pursuant to
Section 2.7(c) . Parent shall deposit such aggregate
Merger Consideration with the Paying Agent at or prior to the
Effective Time. Such aggregate Merger Consideration deposited with
the Paying Agent shall, pending its disbursement to such holders,
be invested by the Paying Agent in (i) direct obligations of
the United States of America, (ii) obligations for which the
full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged to
provide for the payment of principal and interest,
(iii) commercial paper rated the highest quality by either
Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard and Poor’s
Ratings Services or (iv) money market funds investing solely
in a combination of the foregoing. Any interest and other income
resulting from such investments shall be the property of, and shall
be paid to, Parent. Parent shall promptly replace any funds
deposited with the Paying Agent lost through any investment made
pursuant to this paragraph.
(b)
Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time (but
in no event more than three (3) Business Days thereafter), the
Surviving Corporation shall cause the Paying Agent to mail to each
holder of record of a certificate or certificates (or evidence of
shares in book-entry form), which immediately prior to the
Effective Time represented outstanding Shares (the “
Certificates ”), whose shares were converted pursuant
to Section 2.7(c) into the right to receive the Merger
Consideration and to each holder of record of a certificate or
certificates (or evidence of shares in book-entry form), which
immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding
Series D-1 Shares (the “ Series D-1
Certificates ”), whose shares were converted pursuant to
Section 2.7(c) into the right to receive the Merger
Consideration, (i) a letter of transmittal (which shall
specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title
to the Certificates and the Series D-1 Certificates shall
pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates and the
Series D-1 Certificates to the Paying Agent, and which shall
be in such form and shall have such other customary provisions
(including customary provisions with respect to delivery of an
“agent’s message” with respect to shares held in
book-entry form) as Parent may reasonably specify) and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates and the Series D-1 Certificates in exchange for
payment of the Merger Consideration with respect thereto. Upon
surrender of a Certificate or a Series D-1 Certificate for
cancellation to the Paying Agent, together with such letter of
transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with
the instructions (and such other customary documents as may
reasonably be required by the Paying Agent), the holder of such
Certificate or such Series D-1 Certificate, as applicable,
shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the Merger
Consideration (less any applicable excise and withholding Taxes in
accordance with Section 2.8(g) ), without interest, for
each Share formerly represented by such Certificate or each
Series D-1 Share formerly represented by such Series D-1
Certificate, as applicable, and the Certificate or Series D-1
Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. If payment
of the Merger Consideration is to be made to a Person other than
the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate or
Series D-1 Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition
of payment that (x) the Certificate or Series D-1
Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or shall
otherwise be in proper form for transfer and (y) the Person
requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other
Taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger Consideration
to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate or
Series D-1 Certificate surrendered or shall have established
to the reasonable satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that
such Tax either has been paid or is not applicable. Until
surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.8 ,
each
11
Certificate and Series D-1 Certificate shall be deemed at any
time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to
receive the Merger Consideration with respect thereto as
contemplated by this Article II , without
interest.
(c)
Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Company Stock
. The Merger Consideration paid in respect of Shares or
Series D-1 Shares upon the surrender for exchange of
Certificates or Series D-1 Certificates, as applicable, in
accordance with the terms of this Article II shall be
deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights
pertaining to the Shares previously represented by such
Certificates or the Series D-1 Shares previously represented
by such Series D-1 Certificate, as applicable, and at the
close of business on the day on which the Effective Time occurs,
the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and
thereafter there shall be no further registration of transfers on
the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the Shares
or the Series D-1 Shares that were outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time. From and after the Effective Time, the
holders of Certificates that evidenced ownership of Shares
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and holders of
Series D-1 Certificates that evidenced ownership of
Series D-1 Shares outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such
shares, except as otherwise provided for herein or by applicable
Law. Subject to the last sentence of Section 2.8(e) ,
if, at any time after the Effective Time, Certificates or
Series D-1 Certificates are presented to the Surviving
Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in this Article II .
(d)
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . If any Certificate
or Series D-1 Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the
Person claiming such Certificate or such Series D-1
Certificate, as applicable, to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if
required by the Surviving Corporation, the posting by such Person
of a bond, in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct, as
indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with
respect to such Certificate or such Series D-1 Certificate,
the Paying Agent will pay, in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Certificate or Series D-1 Certificate, the
applicable Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the shares
formerly represented thereby, as contemplated by this
Article II .
(e)
Termination of Fund . At any time following six
(6) months after the Closing Date, the Surviving Corporation
shall be entitled to require the Paying Agent to deliver to it any
funds (including any interest received with respect thereto) that
had been made available to the Paying Agent and which have not been
disbursed to holders of Certificates or holders of Series D-1
Certificates, and thereafter such holders shall be entitled to look
only to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned property,
escheat or other similar Laws) as general creditors thereof with
respect to the payment of any Merger Consideration that may be
payable upon surrender of any Certificates or Series D-1
Certificates held by such holders, as determined pursuant to this
Agreement, without any interest thereon. Any amounts remaining
unclaimed by such holders at such time at which such amounts would
otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental
Authority shall become, to the extent permitted by applicable Law,
the property of Parent free and clear of all claims or interests of
any Person previously entitled thereto.
12
(f)
No Liability . Notwithstanding any provision of this
Agreement to the contrary, none of the parties hereto, the
Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent shall be liable to any
Person for Merger Consideration delivered to a public official
pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
Law.
(g)
Withholding Taxes . Parent, Purchaser, the Surviving
Corporation and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and
withhold from the consideration otherwise payable to a holder of
Shares, Company Options or Series D-1 Shares pursuant to this
Agreement such amounts as may be required to be deducted and
withheld with respect to the making of such payment under the Code,
or under any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the
extent amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate
taxing authority, the withheld amounts shall be treated for all
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the
Shares, Company Options or Series D-1 Shares in respect of
which such deduction and withholding was made.
SECTION 2.9 Appraisal Rights .
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares
and Series D-1 Shares that are issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time and which are held by a
stockholder who did not vote in favor of the Merger (or consent
thereto in writing) and who is entitled to demand and properly
demands appraisal of such shares pursuant to, and who complies in
all respects with, the provisions of Section 262 of the DGCL
(each, a “ Dissenting Stockholder ”), shall not
be converted into or be exchangeable for the right to receive the
Merger Consideration therefor (the “ Dissenting Shares
”), but instead such Dissenting Stockholder shall be entitled
to payment of the fair value of such Dissenting Shares in
accordance with the provisions of Section 262 of the DGCL (and
at the Effective Time, such Dissenting Shares shall no longer be
outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and shall cease to
exist, and such Dissenting Stockholder shall cease to have any
rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the fair
value of such Dissenting Shares in accordance with the provisions
of Section 262 of the DGCL), unless and until such Dissenting
Stockholder shall have failed to perfect or shall have effectively
withdrawn or lost rights to appraisal under the DGCL. If any
Dissenting Stockholder shall have failed to perfect or shall have
effectively withdrawn or lost such right, such Dissenting
Stockholder’s Shares shall thereupon be treated as if they
had been converted into and become exchangeable for the right to
receive, as of the Effective Time, the Merger Consideration for
each such Share or Series D-1 Share, in accordance with
Section 2.7(c) , without any interest thereon. The
Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any written
demands for appraisal of any Shares or Series D-1 Shares,
attempted withdrawals of such demands and any other instruments
served pursuant to the DGCL and received by the Company relating to
stockholders’ rights of appraisal, and (ii) the
opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with
respect to demands for appraisal under the DGCL. Prior to the
Effective Time, the Company shall not, without the prior written
consent of Parent or as otherwise required by an order, decree,
ruling or injunction of a court of competent jurisdiction, make any
payment with respect to, or settle or compromise or offer to settle
or compromise, any such demand, or agree to do any of the
foregoing.
SECTION 2.10 Company Options .
Prior to the Purchase Date, the Company shall take all actions
necessary to provide that each Company Option outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether or not then vested
or exercisable) shall be terminated and converted at the Effective
Time into the right to receive, in full satisfaction of such
Company Option, a cash
13
amount
equal to the Option Consideration (if any) for each share of
Company Common Stock then subject to the Company Option. The Option
Consideration shall be paid within five (5) Business Days
following the Effective Time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent
and the Company shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the
Option Consideration otherwise payable such amounts as may be
required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of
such payment under the Code, or any provision of state, local or
foreign Tax Law. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Option
Consideration ” means, with respect to any share of
Company Common Stock issuable under a particular Company Option, an
amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the Offer Price
over (ii) the exercise price payable in respect of such share
of Company Common Stock issuable under such Company Option rounded
down to the nearest cent. As of the Effective Time, any Option with
an exercise price equal to or greater than the Offer Price shall be
canceled without consideration and be of no further force or
effect. The Company Board (or, if appropriate, any committee
thereof administering the Company Stock Plans) shall adopt such
resolutions or take such other actions as may be required to effect
the foregoing. Any Company Options held by any director of the
Company that do not vest and are thereby cancelled as a result of
such director’s resignation pursuant to the provisions of
Section 1.3(a) shall nevertheless be deemed to be
outstanding for purposes of the payments to be made in respect of
Company Options outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
(whether or not then vested or exercisable) pursuant to this
Section 2.10 .
ARTICLE III
Representations and Warranties of the Company
The
Company represents and warrants to Parent and Purchaser that except
as set forth in the letter delivered by the Company to Parent
simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement (the “
Company Disclosure Letter ”) or the Company SEC
Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement (the “
Filed Company SEC Documents ”) (excluding all
exhibits, annexes and schedules thereto and documents incorporated
by reference therein or any risk factors or forward-looking
statements and any other disclosures therein to the extent they are
predictive or forward-looking in nature) (it being understood that
any matter set forth in the Company Disclosure Letter or in such
Filed Company SEC Documents shall be deemed disclosed for all
sections and subsections of this Agreement only to the extent that
the applicability of such disclosure to such section or subsection
is readily apparent):
SECTION 3.1 Organization, Standing
and Corporate Power .
(a) The
Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and has all
requisite corporate power and authority necessary to own or lease
all of its properties and assets and to carry on its business as it
is now being conducted. The Company is duly licensed or qualified
to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in
which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character
or location of the properties and assets owned or leased or held
under license by it makes such licensing or qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so licensed, qualified or
in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
For purposes of this Agreement, “ Company Material Adverse
Effect ” shall mean any change, event, occurrence, state
of facts or
14
development which has a material adverse effect on (1) the
business, results of operations or financial condition of the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or (2) the
ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this
Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement by the Outside Date; provided that with respect to
clause (1) above, Company Material Adverse Effect shall not
include any changes, events, occurrences, state of facts or
developments, to the extent arising out of or resulting from
(i) changes after the date of this Agreement in conditions
generally in the United States or global economy or in the capital
or financial markets, including changes in interest or exchange
rates, (ii) changes after the date of this Agreement in
general legal, regulatory, political, economic or business
conditions or changes in generally accepted accounting principles
that, in either case, generally affect the industry in which the
Company and its Subsidiaries conduct business, (iii) the
negotiation, execution, announcement or performance of this
Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions, including the
impact thereof on relationships, contractual or otherwise, with
customers, suppliers, distributors, partners, collaborators or
employees, (iv) acts of war, sabotage or terrorism, or any
escalation or worsening of any such acts of war, sabotage or
terrorism threatened or underway as of the date of this Agreement,
(v) storms, earthquakes or other natural disasters,
(vi) the initiation of any litigation by any stockholder of
the Company relating to this Agreement, the Offer or the Merger,
(vii) any decline in the market price, or change in trading
volume, of the Company Common Stock or any failure of the Company
to meet publicly announced revenue or earnings projections;
provided that the underlying changes, events, occurrences,
state of facts or developments that caused or contributed to any
such decline, change or failure may otherwise be taken into
consideration in determining whether a Company Material Adverse
Effect has occurred, (viii) any delay after the date of this
Agreement in any of the Company’s ongoing research programs
resulting from any adverse changes, developments, circumstances,
events or occurrences, or (ix) any action taken by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries which is expressly required by this
Agreement or that has been expressly consented to by Parent under
the terms of this Agreement, except in each of cases (i), (ii),
(iii), (iv), (v), (vi) and (vii), to the extent that such
changes affect the Company and its Subsidiaries in a
disproportionate manner relative to other participants in the
businesses and industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries
operate.
(b) Each
of the Company’s Subsidiaries is a corporation or other
organization duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization. Each of the
Company’s Subsidiaries is duly licensed or qualified to do
business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the
nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location
of the properties and assets owned or leased or held under license
by it makes such licensing or qualification necessary, except where
the failure to be so licensed, qualified or in good standing would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Section 3.1(b) of
the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete
list of each Subsidiary of the Company (including its name and form
of organization, its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization
and the number and type of outstanding equity securities and a list
of the holders of such securities). All the outstanding shares of
capital stock, voting securities or other equity interests of each
Subsidiary of the Company (except for directors’ qualifying
shares or the like) are duly authorized, have been validly issued,
are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights, and
are owned by the Company or another wholly-owned Subsidiary of the
Company free and clear of all liens, pledges, security interests
and transfer restrictions, except for such transfer restrictions of
general
15
applicability as may be provided under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder
(the “ Securities Act ”), and other applicable
securities Laws and rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
There are no (i) outstanding options or other rights of any
kind which obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue
or deliver any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other
equity interests of any such Subsidiary or any securities or
obligations convertible into or exchangeable into or exercisable
for any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other equity
interest of a Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) outstanding
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities or
obligations convertible into or exchangeable into or exercisable
for any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other equity
interests of a Subsidiary of the Company; or (iii) other
options, calls, warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements
or commitments of any character relating to the issued or unissued
capital stock of any Subsidiary to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party.
(c) The
Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of
the certificate of incorporation and bylaws (or other comparable
organizational documents) of the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries, in each case as amended through the date of this
Agreement (the “ Company Charter Documents
”).
(d) The
Company does not control directly or indirectly or own, directly or
indirectly, any capital stock of, or other voting securities or
equity or similar interests in, or investment in or have any
obligation to invest in, any corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture, trust or other business
association or entity or Person which is not a Subsidiary of the
Company listed on Section 3.1(b) of the Company Disclosure
Letter .
SECTION 3.2 Capitalization
.
(a) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of:
(i) 75,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and
(ii) 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per
share (“ Company Preferred Stock ”) of which,
(x) 200,000 shares are designated as Series D-1 Preferred
Stock and (y) 150,000 shares are designated as Series A
Participating Preferred Stock and were reserved for issuance in
accordance with the Company Rights Agreement, pursuant to which the
Company had issued rights (“ Company Rights ”)
to purchase shares of such Series A Participating Preferred
Stock and which Company Rights expired pursuant to the terms of the
Company Rights Agreement on September 26, 2007. At the close of
business on February 22, 2008, (i) 21,576,533 shares of
Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding, (ii) 200,000
shares of Series D-1 Preferred Stock were issued and
outstanding, (iii) 3,568,658 shares of Company Common Stock
were subject to outstanding Company Options, (iv) 2,352,941
shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance upon
conversion of the Series D-1 Preferred Stock, (v) no
shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company in its
treasury, (vi) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were held
by the Company in its treasury and (vii) no shares or
Series A Participating Preferred Stock were outstanding. All
outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, and all shares of
Company Common Stock reserved for issuance upon exercise of the
Company Options or upon conversion of the Series D-1 Preferred
Stock, have been duly authorized and all outstanding shares of
Company Common Stock are, and all shares of Company Common Stock
reserved for issuance upon exercise of the Company Options or upon
conversion of the Series D-1 Preferred Stock, both in
accordance with their
16
respective terms, will upon issuance be, validly issued, fully
paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. All shares of
Company Preferred Stock have been duly authorized and all
outstanding shares of Series D-1 Preferred Stock are validly
issued, fully paid, nonassesable and free of preemptive rights.
Section 3.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth a correct and complete list, as of February 25, 2008, of
the outstanding Company Options, the number of shares of Company
Common Stock underlying such Company Options, the holders, exercise
prices, dates of grant, vesting schedules and expiration dates
thereof and the Company Stock Plan (if any) under which such
Company Option was granted. Since February 22, 2008, the
Company has not issued, or reserved for issuance, any shares of its
capital stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or
exercisable for any shares of its capital stock, other than or
pursuant to the Company Options referred to above that are
outstanding as of the date of this Agreement.
(b) Except
as set forth in Section 3.2(a) , as of the date of this
Agreement, (A) there are no outstanding options, stock
appreciation rights or other rights of any kind which obligate the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue or deliver any shares
of capital stock, voting securities or other equity interests of
the Company or any securities or obligations convertible into or
exchangeable into or exercisable for any shares of capital stock,
voting securities or other equity interests of the Company
(collectively, (“ Company Securities ”);
(B) there are no outstanding obligations of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any
Company Securities; and (C) there are no other options, calls,
warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments
of any character relating to the issued or unissued capital stock
of the Company to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party. No Subsidiary of the Company owns any shares of Company
Common Stock.
(c) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.2(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , the Company and its Subsidiaries have no outstanding
indebtedness for borrowed money and there are no outstanding
guarantees by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of
indebtedness for borrowed money of any other Person. There are no
bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries having the right to vote (or convertible
into or exchangeable for securities having the right to vote) on
any matters on which stockholders of the Company or any such
Subsidiary may vote.
SECTION 3.3 Authority;
Noncontravention; Voting Requirements .
(a) The
Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement and, subject to obtaining the Company
Stockholder Approval as contemplated by Section 1.4 ,
to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the
Transactions. The execution, delivery and performance by the
Company of this Agreement, and the consummation by it of the
Transactions, have been duly authorized and approved by all
necessary corporate action on the part of the Company (including by
the Company Board), and except for obtaining the Company
Stockholder Approval (to the extent required by the DGCL), no other
corporate action or proceedings on the part of the Company or any
of its stockholders are necessary to authorize the execution,
delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the
consummation by it of the Transactions. This Agreement has been
duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due
authorization, execution and delivery
17
hereof
by the other parties hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding
obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability
(i) may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent
transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar Laws of
general application affecting or relating to the enforcement of
creditors’ rights generally and (ii) is subject to
general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at
Law or in equity (the “ Bankruptcy and Equity
Exception ”).
(b) The
Company approves of and consents to the Offer, and represents and
warrants that the Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held,
has, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this
Agreement, unanimously (i) approved this Agreement, and deemed
this Agreement and the Transactions advisable, fair to and in the
best interests of the Company Stockholders; (ii) approved this
Agreement and the Transactions, including the Offer and the Merger,
in all respects, and such approval constitutes approval of this
Agreement and the Transactions and the Tender Agreement for
purposes of Section 203 of the DGCL (assuming the accuracy of
Parent’s representation and warranty contained in
Section 4.9 ) and for purposes of any other state
takeover Law or state Law that purports to limit or restrict
business combinations or the ability to acquire or vote shares; and
(iii) resolved to recommend that the Company Stockholders
accept the Offer, tender their shares of Company Common Stock in
the Offer, and, to the extent required by applicable Law, approve
the Merger and adopt this Agreement (the “ Company
Recommendation ”). The Company hereby consents to the
inclusion of such approval and the Company Recommendation in the
Offer Documents, subject to Section 5.2(b) .
(c) Neither
the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company nor the
consummation by the Company of the Transactions, nor compliance by
the Company with any of the terms or provisions hereof, will
(i) conflict with or result in any violation or breach of
(with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) any provision of
the Company Charter Documents or (ii) assuming that the
authorizations, consents and approvals referred to in
Section 3.4 and the Company Stockholder Approval (to
the extent required by the DGCL) are obtained and the filings
referred to in Section 3.4 are made, (x) violate
any Law, judgment, writ or injunction of any Governmental Authority
applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
(y) conflict with or result in any violation or breach of, or
default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under or
give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, modification,
cancellation, recapture or acceleration of any obligation or to the
loss of a benefit, or result in the creation of any lien in or upon
or with respect to, any of the properties (including Intellectual
Property) or other assets of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of
any loan or credit agreement, debenture, note, bond, mortgage,
indenture, deed of trust, lease, contract or other agreement (each,
a “ Contract ”) to which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries is a party, except, in the case of this clause
(ii), for such violations or defaults as would not, individually or
in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(d) Except
as set forth in Section 3.3(d) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , the affirmative vote (in person or by proxy) by the
holders of at least a majority in voting power of the outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock and Series D-1 Preferred Stock
(voting on an as-converted basis) voting together as a single
class, at the Company Stockholders Meeting, or any adjournment or
postponement of the Company Stockholders Meeting, in favor of
the
18
adoption
of this Agreement are the only votes or approvals of the holders of
any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or any of
its Subsidiaries’ capital stock or other securities which are
necessary to adopt this Agreement and approve the Transactions (to
the extent required by applicable Law to approve the Merger) (the
“ Company Stockholder Approval ”).
SECTION 3.4 Governmental
Approvals . Except for (i) the filing with the SEC of the
Schedule 14D-9 and, if necessary, of the Proxy Statement in
definitive form, and other filings required under, and compliance
with other applicable requirements of, the Exchange Act, state
securities or “blue sky” laws and the rules and
regulations of NASDAQ, (ii) the filing of the Certificate of
Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware
pursuant to the DGCL and (iii) filings required under, and
compliance with other applicable requirements of, the HSR Act, no
consents or approvals of, or filings, declarations or registrations
with, any Governmental Authority are necessary for the execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation
by the Company of the Transactions, other than such consents,
approvals, filings, declarations or registrations that, if not
obtained, made or given, would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect or to impair in any material respect the ability of
the Company to perform its obligations hereunder or prevent or
materially delay consummation of the Transactions.
SECTION 3.5 Company SEC Documents;
Financial Statements; Undisclosed Liabilities .
(a) The
Company has filed all required statements, prospectuses, forms,
reports, schedules and other documents with the SEC, together with
all certifications required pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 (including its rules and regulations, “ SOX
”), from and after January 1, 2005 (collectively, and in
each case including all exhibits and schedules thereto and
documents incorporated by reference therein, the “ Company
SEC Documents ”). As of their respective effective dates
(in the case of Company SEC Documents that are registration
statements filed pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Act) and as of their respective SEC filing dates (in the case of
all other documents), the Company SEC Documents and all documents
filed from and after December 31, 2004 by the Company with the
SEC on a voluntary basis on Current Reports on Form 8-K (the
“ Company Current Reports ”) complied in all
material respects with applicable Law, including the Exchange Act,
the Securities Act and SOX, as the case may be, and none of the
Company SEC Documents or the Company Current Reports as of such
respective dates contained any untrue statement of a material fact
or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No
Subsidiary of the Company is, or has at any time since
December 31, 2004 been, subject to the reporting requirements
of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange
Act.
(b) The
consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the
Company SEC Documents (the “ Company Financial
Statements ”) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP
(except, in the case of unaudited interim statements, as indicated
in the notes thereto) applied on a consistent basis during the
periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto)
and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated
financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries
as of the dates thereof and the consolidated results of their
operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in
the
19
case of
unaudited interim statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments
which were not and would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to be material). The books and records of
the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have been, and are being,
maintained in all material respects in accordance with applicable
legal and accounting requirements, and the Company Financial
Statements are consistent in all material respects with such books
and records.
(c) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.5(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
any liabilities of any nature, whether accrued, contingent or
otherwise (“ Liabilities ”), except Liabilities
(i) reflected in or reserved against on the most recent
financial statements of the Company and included in the Company SEC
Documents filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement,
(ii) incurred in the ordinary course of business,
(iii) that have been discharged or paid in full in the
ordinary course of business, (iv) that are expressly
contemplated by this Agreement or (v) as would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) The
Company and its Subsidiaries have designed and maintain a system of
internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) sufficient
to provide reasonable assurances regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with GAAP. The Company (i) has
designed and maintains “disclosure controls and
procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
of the Exchange Act) to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules
and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the
Company’s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure and to make the certifications
required pursuant to Section 302 and 906 of SOX, and
(ii) has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation of
such disclosure controls and procedures prior to the date of this
Agreement, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee
of the Company Board (A) any “significant
deficiencies” and “material weaknesses” in the
design or operation of “internal controls over financial
reporting” that are reasonably likely to adversely affect in
any material respect the Company’s ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial information and
(B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. For
purposes of this Agreement, the terms “significant
deficiency” and “material weakness” shall have
the meanings assigned to them by the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board in Auditing Standard No. 2, as in effect on
the date of this Agreement, and the term “internal controls
over financial reporting” shall have the meaning assigned to
it by Rule 13a-15(f).
(e) Each
of the principal executive officer of the Company and the principal
financial officer of the Company (or each former principal
executive officer of the Company and each former principal
financial officer of the Company, as applicable) has made all
certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Exchange
Act and Sections 302 and 906 of SOX with respect to the
Company SEC Documents, and the statements contained in such
certifications were complete and correct on the date such
certifications were made. For purposes of this Agreement,
“principal executive officer” and “principal
financial officer” shall have the
20
meanings
given to such terms in SOX. Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has outstanding (nor has arranged or modified since
the enactment of SOX) any “extensions of credit”
(within the meaning of Section 402 of SOX ) to directors or
executive officers (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange
Act) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(f) Except
as set forth in Section 3.5(f) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , since December 31, 2004 through the date of this
Agreement, (i) neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries, nor any director or executive officer of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, no other officer, employee or accountant of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries has, received any material complaint,
allegation, assertion or claim, in writing (or, to the Knowledge of
the Company, orally) regarding the accounting or auditing
practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries or their respective internal accounting
controls, including any material complaint, allegation, assertion
or claim that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in
questionable accounting or auditing practices, and (ii) no
attorney representing the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
whether or not employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
has reported evidence of a material violation of securities Laws,
breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or any
of its officers, directors, employees or agents to the Company
Board or any committee thereof or to any director or officer of the
Company.
SECTION 3.6 Absence of Certain
Changes . Except as disclosed in Section 3.6 of the
Company Disclosure Letter or in the Company SEC Documents, from
December 31, 2006 until the date of this Agreement
(a) each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has carried on
and operated its businesses in all material respects in the
ordinary course of business, (b) there have not been any
events, changes or occurrences that have had, or would,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have, a
Company Material Adverse Effect, (c) there has not been any
material damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by
insurance, and (d) no action, event, occurrence or transaction
has taken place, and neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has taken any action, that would have been prohibited
by Section 5.1(a) without the consent of Parent if this
Agreement had been in effect at the time thereof.
SECTION 3.7 Legal Proceedings
. As of the date of this Agreement, there is no pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened Action or Proceeding against
or relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the
executive officers or directors of the Company in their capacity as
such, nor is the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their
respective properties or assets subject to any injunction, order,
judgment, settlement, award, ruling or decree imposed upon the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, by or before any
Governmental Authority, except, in each case, for those that would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Since December 31, 2006,
there has not been made or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened, any material product liability or other material
product-related claims by any third party arising from the sale,
distribution or manufacturing of products by the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries.
SECTION 3.8 Compliance With Laws;
Permits; Regulatory Compliance .
(a) The
Company and its Subsidiaries are, and have been since
January 1, 2006, in compliance with all laws, statutes,
ordinances, codes, rules, regulations, decrees and
21
orders
of Governmental Authorities (collectively, “ Laws
”) applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
except for such non-compliance as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries hold all
licenses, franchises, permits, certificates, approvals, consents,
clearances and authorizations from Governmental Authorities
necessary for the lawful conduct of their respective businesses
(collectively, “ Permits ”), and there is no
Action or Proceeding pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company
threatened, regarding any of the Permits, except where the failure
to hold the same or such Actions or Proceedings regarding the same
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its
Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of all Permits,
except for such non-compliance as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(b) To
the Knowledge of the Company (including for this purpose the
members of the Audit Committee of the Company Board), there are no
formal or informal Governmental Authority inquiries or
investigations or internal investigations or whistle-blower
complaints pending or threatened, in each case regarding accounting
or disclosure practices of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
compliance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with any Law
or any malfeasance by any officer of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, other than ordinary course inquiries, investigations
or complaints not material to the Company and its Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole.
(c) Since
January 1, 2006, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has received a written notice that the Food and Drug
Administration (“ FDA ”) or any other
Governmental Authority which has jurisdiction over the operations
of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries has commenced, or
threatened to commence, any regulatory Action or Proceeding
relating to any alleged violation of Law with respect to any of the
Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ products, except where
such action would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably
be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) To
the Knowledge of the Company, each of the products of the Company
and its Subsidiaries that is subject to the jurisdiction of the
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938, as amended (the “
FDCA ”), the Public Health Service Act, as amended
(the “ PHSA ”), the Controlled Substances Act,
as amended (the “ CSA ”), and the regulations
promulgated thereunder or similar Laws in any foreign jurisdiction,
is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable
requirements under the FDCA, the PHSA, the CSA and the regulations
promulgated thereunder or similar Laws in any foreign jurisdiction,
including but not limited to those requirements applicable to the
development, manufacture, storage, testing, labeling or packaging,
marketing, promotion or distribution of such product.
(e) All
preclinical and clinical studies conducted by, or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, on behalf of, the Company or its Subsidiaries since
January 1, 2005 have been and are being conducted in
compliance with the FDA’s Good Laboratory Practice and Good
Clinical Practice requirements, including regulations under 21
C.F.R. Parts 50, 54, 56, 58, 312 and applicable guidance documents,
as amended from time to time, the Animal Welfare Act, and all
applicable similar requirements in other jurisdictions, all
requirements related to protection of human subjects and, to the
extent it would not reasonably be expected to result in a
material
22
liability to the Company or its Subsidiaries, the provisions
governing the privacy of patient medical records under the Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and the
implementing regulations of the United States Department of Health
and Human Services. The Company and its Subsidiaries have not
received any written notices, correspondence or other communication
from the FDA or any other Governmental Authority, or any
institutional review board, requiring the termination, suspension
or material modification of any preclinical or clinical trials
conducted by, or on behalf of, the Company or its Subsidiaries, or
in which the Company or its Subsidiaries have participated.
(f) Except
as set forth on Section 3.8(f) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries have received
any notice, letters or other correspondence from the FDA or any
other Governmental Authority or Person (i) contesting the
pre-market clearance or approval of, the clinical or non-clinical
testing of, the uses of or the labeling, promotion or distribution
of its products or (ii) otherwise alleging any violation of
Laws by the Company. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in
substantial compliance with all applicable FDA requirements,
including, but not limited to, registration and listing
requirements set forth in 21 U.S.C. § 360 and 21 C.F.R.
Part 207 and all other similar Laws, except where such
noncompliance would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
To the Knowledge of the Company, no communication, filing or
submission to any Governmental Authority with regard to the
Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ products that is
or is intended to be the basis for any approval contains any
material omission or any materially false information. The Company
and its Subsidiaries are in substantial compliance with all Laws
applicable to the maintenance, compilation and filing of reports,
including, but not limited to, periodic or annual, or other
reports, with regards to its products. The Company and each of its
Subsidiaries has filed with the applicable Governmental Authorities
all applicable adverse event or product safety reports required to
be filed in relation to its products.
(g) All
manufacturing operations of products by the Company and its
Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, for the benefit
of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been and are being, to the
extent required by applicable Law, conducted in material compliance
with the FDA regulations, Good Manufacturing Practices, including
C.F.R. Parts 210 and 211 and applicable guidance documents, as
amended from time to time, and all applicable similar requirements
in countries where such compliance is required.
(h) Except
as set forth on Section 3.8(h) of the Company Disclosure
Letter , none of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’
products or product candidates has been recalled, withdrawn,
suspended or discontinued (whether voluntarily or otherwise) at the
request of the FDA or any other Governmental Authority, nor has the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries received any notice from the FDA
or any other Governmental Authority that it has commenced, or
threatened to initiate, any action to withdraw approval, place
sales or marketing restrictions on or request the recall of any of
the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ products, or that it
has commenced or threatened to initiate any action to enjoin or
place restrictions on the production of any of the Company’s
or its Subsidiaries’ products.
(i) Neither
the Company nor its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of the
Company, any of their respective directors, officers, agents or
employees (in their capacities as
23
such)
has engaged in any conduct that has resulted in or would reasonably
be expected to result in any material violation of the federal
Anti-Kickback Statute (42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(b)), or the False
Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729, or any similar Laws.
(j) To
the Knowledge of the Company, no officer, employee or agent of the
Company (in their capacities as such) has made an untrue statement
of a material fact or fraudulent statement to the FDA or any other
Governmental Authority, failed to disclose a material fact required
to be disclosed to the FDA or any other Governmental Authority, or
committed an act, made a statement, or failed to make a statement
that, at the time such disclosure was made, would reasonably be
expected to provide a basis for the FDA or any other Governmental
Authority to invoke its policy respecting “Fraud, Untrue
Statements of Material Facts, Bribery, and Illegal
Gratuities,” set forth in 56 Fed. Reg. 46191
(September 10, 1991) or any similar policy. To the Knowledge
of the Company, neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries has used
in any capacity the services of any individual or entity debarred
under 21 U.S.C. § 335a(a) or any similar Laws in connection
with a product of the Company or its Subsidiaries, and neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the Knowledge of the
Company, any of their respective directors, officers, agents or
employees (in their capacities as such), has engaged in any conduct
that has resulted, or would reasonably be expected to result, in
debarment under 21 U.S.C. § 335a(a) or any similar Laws.
SECTION 3.9 Information
Supplied . Subject to the accuracy of the representations and
warranties of Parent and Purchaser set forth in
Section 4.4 , neither the Schedule 14D-9 nor any
information supplied (or to be supplied) in writing by or on behalf
of the Company specifically for inclusion or incorporation by
reference in the Offer Documents will, at the respective times the
Schedule 14D-9, the Offer Documents, or any amendments or
supplements thereto are filed with the SEC or at the time they are
first published, sent or given to the holders of Company Common
Stock, as the case may be, contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made,
not misleading. The Proxy Statement (if any) will not, on the date
it is first mailed to the holders of Company Common Stock, contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they are made, not misleading, and will not, at the time of
the Company Stockholders Meeting (if such a meeting is held), omit
to state any material fact necessary to correct any statement in
any earlier communication from the Company with respect to the
Company Stockholders Meeting which shall have become false or
misleading in any material respect. The Proxy Statement (if any)
and the Schedule 14D-9 will comply as to form in all material
respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes no representation
or warranty with respect to information supplied by or on behalf of
Parent or Purchaser for inclusion or incorporation by reference in
any of the foregoing documents.
SECTION 3.10 Tax Matters
.
(a) Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries has timely filed, or has caused
to be timely filed on its behalf (taking into account any extension
of time within which to file), all material Tax Returns required to
be filed by it, and all such filed Tax Returns are correct
and
24
complete
in all material respects. All material Taxes of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (whether or not shown to be due on such Tax Returns)
have been timely paid. No material deficiency with respect to Taxes
has been proposed, asserted or assessed against the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries which have not been fully paid or adequately
reserved in the Company SEC Documents. No audit or other
administrative or court proceedings are pending with any
Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, and no written notice thereof has been
received. There are no agreements in effect to extend the period of
limitations for assessment or collection of any Tax for which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be liable.
(b) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is a party to or
bound by any Tax allocation or Tax sharing agreement (other than
any such agreement solely between or among the Company and any of
its Subsidiaries), (ii) has received notice in writing of any
claim made by a Governmental Authority in a jurisdiction where it
does not file a Tax Return that it is or may be subject to taxation
by such jurisdiction, (iii) has participated in a
“listed transaction” (as defined in Treasury
Regulation Section 1.6011-4), (iv) has received or
applied for a Tax ruling or entered into a closing agreement
pursuant to Section 7121 of the Code (or any predecessor
provision or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law,
or (v) has constituted either a “distributing
corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a
distribution of stock qualifying or intended to qualify for
tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code in the two
(2) years prior to the date of this Agreement.
(c) Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is or has been a
member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income
Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which was the
Company) or (ii) has any liability for the Taxes of any Person
(other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) under United
States Treasury Regulation §1.1502-6 (or any similar provision
of state, local, or foreign Law), as a transferee or successor, by
Contract, or otherwise.
(d) There
are no material liens for Taxes upon any property or other assets
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except liens for Taxes
not yet due and payable and liens for Taxes that are being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.
(e) All
material Taxes required to be withheld, collected or deposited by
or with respect to the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have
been timely withheld, collected or deposited, as the case may be,
and to the extent required, such Taxes have been paid to the
relevant Tax authority or other Governmental Authority.
(f) The
Company had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal
income Tax purposes as of December 31, 2006 of approximately
$105 million.
(g) For
purposes of this Agreement: (i) “ Taxes ” shall
mean (x) all federal, state, local or foreign taxes, charges,
fees, imposts, levies or other assessments, including all net
income, gross receipts, capital, sales, use, ad valorem, value
added, transfer, franchise, profits, inventory, capital stock,
license, withholding, payroll, employment, social security,
unemployment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, property and
estimated taxes, customs duties, fees, assessments and charges of
any kind whatsoever, (y) all interest, penalties, fines,
25
additions to tax or additional amounts imposed by any Governmental
Authority in connection with any item described in clause (x), and
(z) any transferee liability in respect of any items described
in clauses (x) and/or (y) payable by reason of Contract,
assumption, transferee liability, operation of Law, Treasury
Regulation § 1.1502-6(a) (or any predecessor or successor
thereof of any analogous or similar provision under Law) or
otherwise, and (ii) “ Tax Returns ” shall mean
any return, report, claim for refund, estimate, information return
or statement or other similar document relating to or required to
be filed with any Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes,
including any schedule or attachment thereto, and including any
amendment thereof.
(h) This
Section 3.10 contains the sole and exclusive
representations and warranties of the Company with respect to Tax
matters.
SECTION 3.11 Employee Benefits and
Labor Matters .
(a)
Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
each material Company Plan. The Company has made available to
Parent correct and complete copies of (i) each Company Plan and any
amendments thereto (or if the Company Plan is not a written Company
Plan, a description of the Company Plan), (ii) the most recent
annual reports on Form 5500 required to be filed with the
Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”) with
respect to each Company Plan (if any such report was required),
(iii) the most recent summary plan description for each
Company Plan for which such summary plan description is required,
(iv) any related trust, agreement, insurance contract or other
funding vehicle, (v) the two most recent annual financial
reports, if any, (vi) any reports or summaries required under
ERISA or the Code and (vii) the most recent determination
letter received from the IRS with respect to each Company Plan
intended to qualify under Section 401 of the Code. Each
Company Plan that is a Company Stock Plan is marked with an
asterisk (*) in Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure
Letter . Each Company Plan maintained, contributed to or
required to be contributed to by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has been administered in accordance with its terms in
all material respects. The Company, its Subsidiaries and all the
Company Plans are all in material compliance with the applicable
provisions of ERISA, the Code and all other applicable Laws. Each
Company Plan that is intended to be Tax qualified under Section
401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter
from the IRS, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no
existing circumstances or any events that could reasonably be
expected to adversely affect the qualified status of any such plan.
There has been no amendment to, announcement by the Company or any
Subsidiary relating to, or change in employee participation or
coverage under, any Company Plan that would increase materially the
expense of maintaining such plan above the level of the expense
incurred therefor for the most recent fiscal year, except as
required by applicable Law or as provided in
Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter .
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries maintains or,
within the past six (6) years, has contributed or has been
obligated to contribute to an “employee benefit plan”
subject to Title IV of ERISA, a multiemployer plan, as defined in
Section 3(37) of ERISA, or an “employee benefit
plan” subject to Sections 4063 or 4064 of ERISA.
(b) Neither
the Company, any Subsidiary, any Company Plan, any trust created
thereunder, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any trustee or
third-party administrator of the foregoing, has engaged in a
transaction in connection with which the Company or any Subsidiary,
any Company Plan, any such trust, or any trustee or
administrator
26
of the
foregoing, or any party dealing with any Company Plan or any such
trust could be subject to either a civil penalty assessed pursuant
to Section 409 or 502(i) of ERISA or a tax imposed pursuant to
Section 4975 or 4976 of the Code, other than penalties or
taxes that, would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably
be expected to be material.
(c) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.11(c) of the Company Disclosure
Letter or the Company SEC Documents, no Company Plan provides
medical, surgical, hospitalization, death or similar benefits
(whether or not insured) for employees or former employees of the
Company or any Subsidiary for periods extending beyond their
retirement or other termination of service, other than
(i) coverage mandated by applicable Law, (ii) death
benefits under any pension plan, or (iii) benefits the full costs
of which are borne by the current or former employee (or his
beneficiary).
(d) The
Company acknowledges that certain payments have been made or are to
be made and certain benefits have been granted or are to be granted
according to employment compensation, severance and other
arrangements or agreements or pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement (collectively, the “ Company Compensation
Arrangements ”) to certain holders of Company Common
Stock and other securities of the Company (the “ Covered
Stockholders ”). Amounts payable under the Company
Compensation Arrangements (i) were or are being paid or
granted as compensation for past services performed, future
services to be performed or future services to be refrained from
performing, by the Covered Stockholders (and matters incidental
thereto) and (ii) are not calculated based on the number of shares
of Company Common Stock to be tendered in the Offer by the
applicable Covered Stockholder. In connection therewith, the
Compensation Committee of the Company Board has adopted
resolutions, substantially in the form set forth in Section
3.11(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter , approving the
Company Compensation Arrangements, in accordance with the
“safe harbor” requirements of Rule 14d-10(d)(2)
under the Exchange Act and the instructions thereto, to the extent
required (collectively the “ 14d-10 Approvals
”). The Company Board has determined that each of the members
of the Compensation Committee of the Company Board is
“independent” as defined in the rules of NASDAQ.
(e) The
Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in material compliance with
all applicable Laws respecting labor, employment, fair employment
practices, terms and conditions of employment, workers’
compensation, occupational safety and health requirements, plant
closings, wages and hours, withholding of taxes, employment
discrimination, disability rights or benefits, equal opportunity,
affirmative action, labor relations, employee leave issues and
unemployment insurance and related matters. To the Knowledge of the
Company, all individuals who provide services to the Company or any
Subsidiary have at all times been accurately classified by the
Company or such Subsidiary with respect to such services as an
employee or a non-employee. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.11(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter and
except for instances that could not reasonably be expected to,
individually or in the aggregate, result in a Company Material
Adverse Effect: (i) there is no pending or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, threatened labor strike, slowdown or stoppage
against or affecting the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company
and (ii) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received
no
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