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Exhibit
2.1
Execution
Copy
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
DATED AS OF MARCH 3,
2008
AMONG
BOTTOMLINE TECHNOLOGIES (de),
INC.,
OLIVE ACQUISITION
CORP.
AND
OPTIO SOFTWARE,
INC.
1
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| ARTICLE 1. |
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DEFINITIONS |
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6 |
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| ARTICLE 2. |
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TERMS OF
MERGER |
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11 |
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2.1. |
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Effect of
Merger and Surviving Corporation |
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11 |
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2.2. |
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Stock of
Company |
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11 |
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2.3. |
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Company
Stock Options |
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12 |
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2.4. |
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Effect on
Merger Sub Stock |
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12 |
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2.5. |
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Exchange
Procedures |
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12 |
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2.6. |
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Adjustments |
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13 |
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2.7. |
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Directors
of Surviving Corporation |
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14 |
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2.8. |
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Executive
Officers of Surviving Corporation |
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14 |
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2.9. |
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No
Further Ownership Rights in Stock |
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14 |
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2.10. |
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Articles
of Incorporation and Bylaws |
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14 |
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2.11. |
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Withholding Rights |
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14 |
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| ARTICLE 3. |
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THE
CLOSING |
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3.1. |
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Closing
Date |
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3.2. |
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Certificate of Merger |
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14 |
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3.3. |
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Further
Assurances |
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15 |
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| ARTICLE 4. |
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REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY |
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15 |
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4.1. |
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Incorporation, Standing and Power |
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15 |
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4.2. |
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Capitalization |
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15 |
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4.3. |
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Subsidiaries |
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17 |
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4.4. |
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Financial
Statements |
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17 |
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4.5. |
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Reports
and Filings |
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17 |
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4.6. |
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Authority
of Company |
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18 |
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4.7. |
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Insurance |
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19 |
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4.8. |
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Personal
Property |
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19 |
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4.9. |
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Real
Estate |
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20 |
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4.10. |
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Litigation |
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20 |
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4.11. |
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Taxes |
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20 |
2
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4.12. |
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Compliance with Charter Provisions and Laws and
Regulations |
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22 |
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4.13. |
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Employees |
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23 |
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4.14. |
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Brokers
and Finders |
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23 |
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4.15. |
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Scheduled
Contracts |
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23 |
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4.16. |
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Performance of Obligations |
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25 |
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4.17. |
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Certain
Material Changes |
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25 |
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4.18. |
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Licenses
and Permits |
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26 |
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4.19. |
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Undisclosed Liabilities |
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26 |
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4.20. |
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Employee
Benefit Plans. |
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26 |
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4.21. |
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Accounting Records and Internal Controls |
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28 |
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4.22. |
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Vote
Required |
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28 |
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4.23. |
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Disclosure Documents and Applications |
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29 |
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4.24. |
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Intellectual Property |
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29 |
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4.25. |
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Fairness
Opinion |
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31 |
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4.26. |
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Restrictions on Business Activities |
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32 |
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4.27. |
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Customers |
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32 |
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4.28. |
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No
Additional Representations |
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32 |
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| ARTICLE 5. |
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REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT |
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32 |
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5.1. |
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Incorporation, Standing and Power |
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32 |
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5.2. |
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Authority |
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32 |
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5.3. |
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Financing |
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33 |
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5.4. |
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Litigation |
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33 |
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5.5. |
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Ownership
of Merger Sub |
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33 |
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5.6. |
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Accuracy
of Information Furnished for Company Proxy Statement |
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33 |
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5.7. |
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Ownership
of Company Capital Stock |
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34 |
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| ARTICLE 6. |
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COVENANTS OF
COMPANY PENDING EFFECTIVE TIME OF THE MERGER |
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34 |
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6.1. |
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Limitation on Conduct Prior to Effective Time of the
Merger |
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34 |
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6.2. |
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Affirmative Conduct Prior to Effective Time of the
Merger |
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38 |
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6.3. |
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Access to
Information |
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39 |
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6.4. |
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Filings |
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40 |
3
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6.5.
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Notices;
Reports |
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40 |
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6.6.
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Company
Shareholders’ Meeting |
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40 |
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6.7.
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Proxy
Statement |
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6.8.
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FIRPTA
Certificate |
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ARTICLE 7.
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7.1.
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Limitation on Conduct Prior to Effective Time of the
Merger |
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41 |
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7.2.
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Applications |
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42 |
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7.3.
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Notices;
Reports |
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42 |
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7.4.
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Indemnification and Directors’ and Officers’
Insurance |
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42 |
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ARTICLE 8.
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ADDITIONAL
COVENANTS |
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43 |
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8.1.
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[intentionally omitted] |
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43 |
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8.2.
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Reasonable Efforts |
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43 |
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8.3.
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Public
Announcements |
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43 |
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8.4.
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Takeover
Statutes |
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43 |
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8.5.
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Section
16 Matters |
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44 |
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8.6.
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Stockholder Litigation |
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44 |
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8.7.
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Tax
Matters |
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44 |
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8.8.
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Subsidiary Matters |
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44 |
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ARTICLE 9.
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CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT TO THE MERGER |
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44 |
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9.1.
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Shareholder Approval |
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44 |
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9.2.
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No
Judgments or Orders |
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44 |
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9.3.
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Employee
Benefit Plans |
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45 |
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9.4.
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Proxy
Statement |
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45 |
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ARTICLE 10.
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CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT TO THE OBLIGATIONS OF COMPANY |
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45 |
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10.1.
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Representations and Warranties; Performance of
Covenants |
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45 |
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10.2.
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Officers’ Certificate |
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45 |
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ARTICLE 11.
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CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT TO OBLIGATIONS OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB |
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45 |
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11.1.
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Representations and Warranties; Performance of
Covenants |
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45 |
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11.2. |
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Authorization of Merger |
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46 |
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11.3. |
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Officers’ Certificate |
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46 |
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11.4. |
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No
Material Adverse Effect |
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46 |
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11.5. |
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Third
Party Consents |
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46 |
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11.6. |
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Resignations |
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46 |
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| ARTICLE 12. |
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EMPLOYEE
BENEFITS |
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46 |
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12.1. |
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Employee
Benefits |
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46 |
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12.2. |
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Company
Stock Options and the Company Stock Option Plans |
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48 |
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| ARTICLE 13. |
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TERMINATION |
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49 |
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13.1. |
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Termination |
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49 |
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13.2. |
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Effect of
Termination |
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50 |
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| ARTICLE 14. |
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MISCELLANEOUS |
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51 |
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14.1. |
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Expenses |
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51 |
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14.2. |
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Notices |
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52 |
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14.3. |
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Assignment |
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52 |
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14.4. |
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Counterparts |
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53 |
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14.5. |
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Effect of
Representations and Warranties |
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53 |
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14.6. |
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Third
Parties |
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53 |
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14.7. |
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Integration |
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53 |
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14.8. |
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Specific
Performance |
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53 |
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14.9. |
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Knowledge |
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53 |
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14.10. |
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Governing
Law |
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53 |
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14.11. |
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Captions |
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53 |
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14.12. |
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Severability |
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53 |
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14.13. |
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Waiver
and Modification; Amendment |
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54 |
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14.14. |
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Personal
Liability |
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54 |
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14.15. |
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Waiver of
Jury Trial |
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54 |
5
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER (“ Agreement ”) is made and entered into
as of the 3rd day of March, 2008, by and among Bottomline
Technologies (de), Inc., a Delaware corporation (“
Parent ”), Olive Acquisition Corp., a Delaware
corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“
Merger Sub ”), and Optio Software, Inc., a Georgia
corporation (“ Company ”).
WHEREAS, each of Parent,
Merger Sub and Company desires to enter in to a transaction whereby
Merger Sub will merge with and into Company (the “
Merger ”), with Company being the surviving
corporation, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement;
WHEREAS, in accordance with
the provisions of the Georgia Business Corporation Code (the
“ GBCC ”), the Boards of Directors of Parent,
Merger Sub and Company have adopted this Agreement and the Merger
pursuant to which Merger Sub will merge with and into Company and
each outstanding share of Company common stock, no par value per
share (“Company Stock”), excluding any Company
Dissenting Shares (as defined below), and each outstanding Company
Stock Option (as defined below), will be converted into the right
to receive the Merger Consideration (as defined in
Section 2.2(b)) upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth herein;
WHEREAS, the Board of
Directors of Company has directed that the Agreement be submitted
for approval by Company’s shareholders; and
WHEREAS, concurrently with
the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition to the
willingness of Parent to enter into this Agreement, certain of the
holders of Company Stock are entering into a voting agreement with
Parent substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the
“ Voting Agreement ”).
NOW, THEREFORE, on the basis
of the foregoing recitals and in consideration of the respective
covenants, agreements, representations and warranties contained
herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1.
DEFINITIONS
Except as otherwise expressly
provided for in this Agreement, or unless the context otherwise
requires, as used throughout this Agreement the following terms
shall have the respective meanings specified below:
“Affiliate” of,
or a Person “Affiliated” with, a specific Person(s) is
a Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more
intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common
control with, the Person(s) specified.
“Affiliated
Group” means, with respect to any entity, a group of entities
required or permitted to file consolidated, combined or unitary Tax
Returns (as defined herein).
6
“Agreement” has
the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“BDO” means BDO
Seidman, LLP, Company’s independent public
accountants.
“Benefit
Arrangements” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.20(b).
“Book Entry
Shares” has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.5(b).
“Business Day”
means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which
banks in New York are required or authorized by law to be
closed.
“Certificate of
Merger” or “Certificates of Merger” have the
meaning set forth in Section 3.2.
“Certificates”
has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(b).
“Closing” means
the consummation of the Merger provided for in Article 2 of
this Agreement on the Closing Date (as defined herein) at the
offices of Locke Lord Bissell & Liddell LLP, 1900 The
Proscenium, 1170 Peachtree Street, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, or
at such other place as the parties may agree upon in
writing.
“Closing Date”
means the date which is no later than the second Business Day
following the day on which the last of the conditions specified in
Articles 9, 10 and 11 (excluding, for purposes of this
definition, conditions that, by their terms, are to be satisfied on
the Closing Date) have been fulfilled or waived (if permissible) or
such other date as the parties may agree upon.
“Code” means the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“Company” has the
meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Company Disclosure
Letter” means that letter designated as such which has been
delivered by Company to Parent concurrently with the execution and
delivery of this Agreement.
“Company Dissenting
Shares” has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(c).
“Company Leases”
has the meaning set forth in Section 4.9.
“Company List”
means any list required to be furnished by Company to Parent
herewith.
“Company Patents”
has the meaning set forth in Section 4.24(b).
“Company
Property” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.12(b).
“Company Registered
IP” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.24(b).
“Company Registered
Marks” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.24(b).
“Company SEC
Documents” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.5(a).
7
“Company
Shareholders’ Meeting” means the meeting of
Company’s shareholders referred to in
Section 6.6.
“Company Source
Code” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.24(g).
“Company Stock”
has the meaning set forth in the second recital of this
Agreement.
“Company Stock Option
Plans” means all stock option plans or other equity-related
plans of Company.
“Company Stock
Option” means any option or right to acquire Company Stock,
or stock appreciation right payable in cash issued pursuant to
Company Stock Option Plans or otherwise.
“Company Supplied
Information” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.23.
“Competing
Transaction” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1(l).
“Confidentiality
Agreement” means that certain Confidentiality Agreement dated
November 15, 2007 by and between Parent and
Company.
“Continuing
Employees” has the meaning set forth in
Section 12.1(b).
“Copyrights” has
the meaning set forth in Section 4.24(a).
“DGCL” means the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
“Effective Time of the
Merger” means the later of the date and time upon which a
Certificate of Merger is filed with the Secretary of State of the
State of Georgia or the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware, or at such time thereafter as shall be agreed to by the
parties and specified in the applicable Certificate of
Merger.
“Employee Plans”
has the meaning set forth in Section 4.20(a).
“Encumbrance”
means any option, pledge, security interest, lien, charge,
encumbrance or restriction (whether on voting or disposition or
otherwise), whether imposed by agreement, understanding, law or
otherwise.
“Environmental
Regulations” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.12(b).
“ERISA” means the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended.
“ERISA
Affiliates” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.20(a).
“Exchange Act”
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Exchange Agent”
means Computershare Investor Services, LLC.
“Exchange Fund”
has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5(a).
8
“Expenses” has
the meaning set forth in Section 14.1.
“Financial Statements
of Company” means the financial statements of Company
consisting of (i) the balance sheets as of January 31,
2005, 2006 and 2007, the related statements of income,
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended
and the related notes thereto and related opinions of BDO thereon
for the years then ended and (ii) the balance sheets as of
April 30, July 31 and October 31, 2007 and the
related statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash
flows for the periods then ended.
“GAAP” means
United States generally accepted accounting principles consistently
applied during the periods involved.
“GBCC” has the
meaning set forth in the second recital of this
Agreement.
“Governmental
Entity” means any court, tribunal or judicial or arbitral
body in any jurisdiction or any United States federal, state,
municipal or local or any foreign or other governmental, regulatory
or administrative authority, agency or instrumentality.
“HSR Act” means
the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as
amended.
“Hazardous
Materials” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.12(b).
“Indemnified
Liabilities” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.4(a).
“Indemnified
Parties” has the meaning set forth in
Section 7.4(a).
“Intellectual
Property” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.24(a).
“IRS” means the
Internal Revenue Service.
“Marks” has the
meaning set forth in Section 4.24(a).
“Material Adverse
Effect” means any circumstance, change in or effect on
Company or the Surviving Corporation (1) that is, or would
reasonably be expected to be, materially adverse to the condition
(financial or otherwise), business, properties, assets,
liabilities, or results of operations of Company or the Surviving
Corporation, taken as a whole, or (2) that materially impairs
or would reasonably be expected to materially impair the ability of
Company to timely perform its obligations under this Agreement or
to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; provided
, however , that in determining whether a Material Adverse
Effect has occurred there shall be excluded the effect of:
(i) any change in applicable laws, regulations, GAAP or
accounting requirements applicable to Company or to the software
industry generally (to the extent not having a disproportionate
effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries), (ii) any general
social, political, economic, environmental or natural condition,
change, effect, event or occurrence including changes in prevailing
interest rates, currency exchange rates or general global economic
or global market conditions (to the extent not having a
disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries),
(iii) any loss or threatened loss of business from any
customers of the Company or its Subsidiaries caused by the
announcement or the pendency of
9
the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, (iv) any action or omission by Company pursuant to
the terms of this Agreement including the public announcement of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (v) any
expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement or the
transactions contemplated hereby, (vi) changes in the industry
and markets in which the Company operates generally (to the extent
not having a disproportionate effect on Company and its
Subsidiaries), (vii) any change in the Company’s stock
price or trading volume, in and of itself, and (viii) the
failure, in and of itself, of the Company to meet projections of
earnings, revenues or financial measures (it being understood that
the cause of any such failure may be deemed to constitute a
Material Adverse Effect and may be taken into consideration when
determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has
occurred).
“Merger” has the
meaning set forth in the first recital of this
Agreement.
“Merger
Consideration” has the meaning set forth in
Section 2.2(b).
“Merger Sub” has
the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“New Plans” has
the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(b).
“Open Source
Materials” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.24(i).
“Parent” has the
meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Parent Supplied
Information” has the meaning set forth in
Section 5.7.
“Patents” has the
meaning set forth in Section 4.24(a).
“Person” means
any individual, corporation, association, partnership, limited
liability company, trust, joint venture, other entity,
unincorporated organization, government or governmental department
or agency.
“Proxy Statement”
means the Proxy Statement, together with any supplements thereto,
that is used to solicit proxies for the Company Shareholders’
Meeting in connection with the Merger.
“Representatives”
has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(l).
“Scheduled
Contract” has the meaning set forth in
Section 4.15.
“SEC” means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities Act”
means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Subsidiary” of a
Person means any corporation, partnership, limited liability
company or other business entity of which more than 25% of the
voting power is owned or controlled by such Person.
“Superior
Proposal” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1(l).
10
“Surviving
Corporation” means Company, following the effectiveness of
the Merger.
“Tax” or
“Taxes” means (i) any and all federal, state,
local or foreign taxes, charges, premium taxes, fees, imposts,
levies or other assessments, including, without limitation, all net
income, gross receipts, capital, sales, use, ad valorem, value
added, transfer, franchise, profits, inventory, capital stock,
license, withholding, payroll, employment, social security,
unemployment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, property,
corporation and estimated taxes, custom duties, fees, assessments
and charges of any kind whatsoever; and (ii) all interest,
penalties, fines, additions to tax or additional amounts imposed by
any taxing authority in connection with any item described in
clause (i).
“Tax Returns”
means all returns, declarations, reports, information returns,
statements, elections, disclosures and schedules required to be
filed in respect of any Taxes (including any attachments thereto or
amendments thereof).
“Termination Fee”
has the meaning set forth in Section 13.2(b).
“Three Day
Period” has the meaning set forth in
Section 6.1(l).
“Trade Secrets”
has the meaning set forth in Section 4.24(a).
“Voting
Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the fourth recital of
this Agreement.
ARTICLE 2.
TERMS OF
MERGER
2.1. Effect of Merger and
Surviving Corporation . At the Effective Time of the Merger,
Merger Sub will be merged with and into Company pursuant to the
terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement and in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the GBCC and the DGCL,
the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the
Company shall be the Surviving Corporation in the Merger. The
Merger will have the effects set forth in the GBCC and the
DGCL.
2.2. Stock of Company
. Subject to Section 2.6, each share of Company Stock issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time of the
Merger shall, without any further action on the part of Company or
the holders of such shares, be treated on the basis set forth in
this Section 2.2.
(a) Cancellation of
Certain Stock . At the Effective Time of the Merger, any share
of Company Stock held by Company or any of its Subsidiaries as
treasury stock or owned by Parent or Merger Sub shall be
automatically cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and
no consideration shall be delivered therefor.
(b) Conversion of Company
Stock . At the Effective Time of the Merger, each issued and
outstanding share of Company Stock (other than shares to be
cancelled in accordance with Section 2.2(a) and any Company
Dissenting Shares) shall be automatically cancelled and cease to be
an issued and outstanding share of Company Stock and be converted
into the right to receive per share consideration (the “
Merger Consideration ”) in cash in the amount of
$1.85.
11
(c) Company Dissenting
Shares . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the
contrary, any shares of Company Stock that are issued and
outstanding as of the Effective Time of the Merger and that are
held by a shareholder of Company who has properly asserted such
holder’s dissenters’ rights under Article 13 of the
GBCC (the “ Company Dissenting Shares ”) shall
not be converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration
unless and until such holder shall have failed to perfect, or shall
have effectively withdrawn or lost, such holder’s right to
payment for such shares under Article 13 of the GBCC. If any such
holder shall have so failed to perfect or shall have effectively
withdrawn or lost such right at or following the Effective Time of
the Merger, each share of such holder’s Company Stock shall
thereupon be deemed to have been converted into and to have become,
as of the Effective Time of the Merger, the right to receive,
without any interest thereon, the Merger Consideration. Company
shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any notice or demands
for appraisal or payment for shares of Company Stock received by
Company and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demands or
notices. Company shall not, without the prior written consent of
Parent, or as required by the GBCC, make any payment with respect
to, or settle, offer to settle or otherwise negotiate, any such
demands. Each holder of Company Dissenting Shares who becomes
entitled under Article 13 of the GBCC to receive payment for such
holder’s shares shall receive payment therefor from the
Surviving Corporation (but only after the amount thereof shall have
been agreed upon or finally determined pursuant to the GBCC), and
such shares shall be retired and cancelled.
2.3. Company Stock
Options . Each Company Stock Option outstanding as of the
Effective Time of the Merger shall be treated in accordance with
Section 12.2.
2.4. Effect on Merger Sub
Stock . At the Effective Time of the Merger, each issued and
outstanding share of capital stock of Merger Sub shall be converted
into and become one fully paid and nonassessable share of common
stock of the Surviving Corporation.
2.5. Exchange
Procedures .
(a) At the Effective Time of
the Merger, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent for the
benefit of the holders of shares of Company Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Merger, for exchange
in accordance with this Section 2.5 through the Exchange
Agent, cash in the amount of the aggregate Merger Consideration
payable to (i) such holders of Company Stock pursuant to
Section 2.2 in exchange for their shares of Company Stock and
(ii) such holders of Company Stock Options, pursuant to
Section 12.2 in exchange for their Company Stock Options
(collectively, the “ Exchange Fund
”).
(b) Parent shall direct the
Exchange Agent to mail, as soon as reasonably practicable after the
Effective Time of the Merger, to each holder of record of shares of
Company Stock which are represented by (x) a certificate or
certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time of the
Merger represented outstanding shares of Company Stock (the “
Certificates ”) or (y) an entry to that effect in
the shareholder records maintained on behalf of Company by the
Company stock transfer agent (the “ Book Entry Shares
”), whose shares were
12
converted into the right to receive the
Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof,
(i) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery
shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates
(if any) shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to the
Exchange Agent and shall be in such form and have such other
provisions as Parent and Company may reasonably specify), and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates or authorizing transfer and cancellation of Book Entry
Shares in exchange for the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of
a Certificate for cancellation to the Exchange Agent or to such
other agent or agents as may be appointed by Parent, or authorizing
transfer of Book Entry Shares, together with such letter of
transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such shares of Company
stock shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the amount
of the Merger Consideration which such holder has the right to
receive pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof, and any Certificate so
surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. Until surrendered as
contemplated by this Section 2.5, each Certificate and any
Book Entry Shares shall be deemed at any time after the Effective
Time of the Merger to represent only the right to receive upon such
surrender the Merger Consideration to be paid in consideration
therefor upon surrender of such Certificate or transfer of the Book
Entry Shares, as the case may be, as contemplated by this
Section 2.5. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set
forth herein, if any holder of shares of Company Stock that are not
Book Entry Shares should be unable to surrender the Certificates
for such shares, because they have been lost or destroyed, such
holder shall, if required by Parent or Exchange Agent, deliver in
lieu thereof a bond in form and substance and with surety
reasonably satisfactory to Parent and shall be entitled to receive
the Merger Consideration to be paid in consideration therefor in
accordance with Section 2.2 hereof.
(c) If, after the Effective
Time of the Merger, Certificates or Book Entry Shares are presented
to Parent for any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as
provided in this Agreement.
(d) Any portion of the
Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the shareholders of
Company following the passage of six months after the Effective
Time of the Merger shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation,
upon demand, and any shareholders of Company who have not
theretofore complied with this Section 2.5 shall thereafter
look only to the Surviving Corporation and/or Parent for payment of
their claim for the Merger Consideration payable in consideration
for any Certificate or transfer of any Book Entry Shares, without
interest.
(e) Except as otherwise
required by law, none of Parent, Company or the Surviving
Corporation shall be liable to any holder of shares of Company
Stock for such cash from the Exchange Fund delivered to a public
official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or
similar law.
2.6. Adjustments . If
after the date hereof and on or prior to the Effective Time of the
Merger, the outstanding shares of Company Stock shall be changed
into a different number of shares by reason of any
reclassification, recapitalization or combination, stock split,
reverse stock split, stock dividend or rights issued in respect of
such stock, or any similar event shall occur, the Merger
Consideration shall be adjusted accordingly to provide to the
holders of Company Stock the same economic effect as contemplated
by this Agreement prior to such event.
13
2.7. Directors of
Surviving Corporation . At the Effective Time of the Merger,
the board of directors of the Surviving Corporation shall be
comprised of the persons serving as directors of Merger Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Merger. Such persons
shall serve until the earlier of their resignation or removal or
until their respective successors are duly elected and
qualified.
2.8. Executive Officers of
Surviving Corporation . At the Effective Time of the Merger,
the executive officers of the Surviving Corporation shall be
comprised of the persons serving as executive officers of Merger
Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Merger. Such
persons shall serve until the earlier of their resignation or
termination.
2.9. No Further Ownership
Rights in Stock . All Merger Consideration delivered upon the
surrender for exchange of shares of Company Stock in accordance
with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been delivered in
full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to ownership of such
shares of stock. At and after the Effective Time of the Merger,
there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock
transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares of
Company Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time of the Merger, and upon delivery of the Merger
Consideration upon surrender for exchange of Company Stock, each
such share of Company Stock shall be cancelled.
2.10. Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws . The Articles of Incorporation
of the Surviving Corporation shall be the Second Amended and
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Company, which shall be filed
with the Certificates of Merger and shall be in the form set
forth in Exhibit B. The Bylaws of Company as in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Merger shall be
the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
2.11. Withholding
Rights. Each of Parent, the Surviving Corporation, and the
Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct, withhold, and pay over
to the applicable Governmental Entity from the consideration
otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any recipient of a
payment hereunder such minimum amounts as it is required to deduct
and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the
Code, or any provision of state, local or foreign tax law. To the
extent that amounts are so withheld by Parent, the Surviving
Corporation or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be, such
withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this
Agreement as having been paid to the applicable recipient in
respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by Parent,
the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be
and Parent and Surviving Corporation as to themselves covenant and
shall cause as to the Exchange Agent to have such withholding paid
to the applicable Governmental Entity when such amount is
due.
ARTICLE 3.
THE CLOSING
3.1. Closing Date .
The Closing shall take place on the Closing Date.
3.2. Certificate of
Merger . Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, a
certificate of merger (“ Certificate of Merger
”) shall be duly prepared, executed by the
Surviving
14
Corporation and thereafter delivered to
the Secretary of State of the State of Georgia for filing, as
provided in the GBCC, on the Closing Date, and a Certificate of
Merger (and together with the Certificate of Merger to be delivered
to the Secretary of State of the State of Georgia, collectively,
the “ Certificates of Merger ”) shall be duly
prepared, executed by the Surviving Corporation and thereafter
delivered to the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware for
filing, as provided in the DGCL, on the Closing Date.
3.3. Further
Assurances . At the Closing, the parties hereto shall deliver,
or cause to be delivered, such documents or certificates as may be
necessary in the reasonable opinion of counsel for any of the
parties, to effectuate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
ARTICLE 4.
REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The following representations
and warranties by Company to Parent and Merger Sub are qualified by
the Company Disclosure Letter. The Company Disclosure Letter shall
refer to the representation or warranty to which exceptions or
matters disclosed therein relate; provided , however
, that an exception or matter disclosed with respect to one
representation or warranty shall also be deemed disclosed with
respect to each other warranty or representation only to the extent
it is clear from a reading of such disclosure that it also relates
to such other representation or warranty. The inclusion of any item
in such Company Disclosure Letter shall not be deemed an admission
that such item is a material fact, event or circumstance or that
such item has or had, or would reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect.
4.1. Incorporation,
Standing and Power . Company has been duly organized, is
validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the
laws of the State of Georgia. The Company has all requisite
corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently
conducted. The Company is duly qualified to do business in each
jurisdiction where the character of its properties owned or held
under lease or the nature of its activities makes such
qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so
qualified would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. Company has delivered to Parent true and
correct copies of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws, as currently in effect.
4.2. Capitalization
.
(a) As of the close of
business on March 1, 2008, the authorized capital stock of
Company consists of 100,000,000 shares of Company Stock, of which
22,222,280 shares are issued and outstanding, and 20,000,000 shares
of preferred stock, none of which are issued or outstanding. No
shares of Company Stock are held in treasury by Company. The rights
and privileges of the Company Stock and the preferred stock are as
set forth in the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and
pursuant to applicable laws. All of the outstanding shares of
Company Stock are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
Except for Company Stock Options covering 3,799,367 shares of
Company Stock as of the date hereof, there are no
15
outstanding options, warrants or other
rights in or with respect to the unissued shares of capital stock
of Company nor any securities convertible into such stock, and
Company is not obligated to issue any additional shares of Company
Stock or any additional options, warrants or other rights in or
with respect to the issued or unissued shares of capital stock of
Company or any other securities convertible into such stock, except
for issuances under the Company Stock Options permitted by
Section 6.1(a).
No issued and outstanding
shares of Company Stock are subject to a substantial risk of
forfeiture within the meaning of Section 83 of the Code or are
otherwise subject to a repurchase or redemption right or right of
first refusal in favor of Company.
Section 4.2(a) of the
Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a complete and accurate list,
as of the date of this Agreement, of: (i) all Company Stock
Option Plans, indicating for each Company Stock Option Plan, as of
March 1, 2008, the number of shares of Company Stock issued to
date under such plan, the number of shares of Company Stock subject
to outstanding options under such plan and the number of shares of
Company Stock reserved for future issuance under such plan; and
(ii) all outstanding Company Stock Options, indicating with
respect to each such Company Stock Option the name of the holder
thereof, the Company Stock Option Plan under which it was granted,
if any, the number of shares of Company Stock subject to such
Company Stock Option, the exercise price, the date of grant, and
the vesting schedule, including whether (and to what extent) the
vesting will be accelerated in any way by the Merger or by
termination of employment or change in position following
consummation of the Merger. Company has delivered to Parent
complete and accurate copies of all Company Stock Option Plans and
the forms of all stock option agreements evidencing Company Stock
Options.
There are no options,
warrants, equity securities, calls, rights, commitments or
agreements of any character obligating Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to grant, extend, accelerate the vesting of, otherwise
modify or amend or enter into any such option, warrant, equity
security, call, right, commitment or agreement. Company does not
have any outstanding stock appreciation rights, phantom stock,
performance based rights or similar rights or obligations. Other
than the Voting Agreement, neither Company nor any of its
Affiliates is a party to or is bound by any, and to the knowledge
of Company, there are no agreements with respect to the voting
(including voting trusts and proxies) or sale or transfer
(including agreements imposing transfer restrictions) of any shares
of capital stock or other equity interests of Company.
All outstanding shares of
Company Stock are, and all shares of Company Stock subject to
issuance as specified above, upon exercise, receipt of payment by
Company and issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the
instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, will be, duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not
subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call
option, right of first refusal, preemptive right, subscription
right or any similar right under any provision of the GBCC,
Company’s Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws or any
agreement to which Company is a party or is otherwise
bound.
There are no obligations,
contingent or otherwise, of Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of Company
Stock.
16
No consent of the holders of
Company Stock Options is required in connection with the actions
contemplated by Section 12.2.
(b) No bonds, debentures,
notes or other indebtedness having the right to vote on any matters
on which shareholders of Company may vote are issued and
outstanding.
4.3. Subsidiaries .
All of the Subsidiaries of the Company, including their
jurisdiction of organization and authorized and outstanding
capitalization, are listed in Section 4.3 of the Company
Disclosure Letter. All such shares of Subsidiaries are validly
issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and are owned directly or
indirectly by the Company clear of all pledges, claims and liens.
Other than Subsidiaries and securities held in its investment
portfolio, neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries owns any equity
interest in any Person.
Each Subsidiary of Company is
an entity of the type described on Section 4.3 of the Company
Disclosure Letter and is duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
organization, has all requisite corporate or other power and
authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and
to carry on its business as now being conducted, and is duly
qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign
corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction where the
character of its properties owned, operated or leased or the nature
of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except for
such failures to be so organized, qualified or in good standing,
individually or in the aggregate, that have not had, and would not
reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect. Company
has delivered to Parent complete and accurate copies of the
charter, by-laws or other organizational documents of each
Subsidiary of Company.
4.4. Financial
Statements . Each of the Financial Statements of Company
(including, in each case, any related notes and schedules)
contained or the consolidated financial statements (including, in
each case, any related notes and schedules) to be contained in the
Company SEC Documents at the time filed: (a) present or will
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition
of Company as of the respective dates indicated and its statements
of operations and changes in stockholders’ equity and cash
flows, for the respective periods then ended; and (b) have
been or will be prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently
applied.
4.5. Reports and
Filings .
(a) Company has filed all
required forms, reports, proxy statements, schedules, registration
statements and other documents with the SEC since January 31,
2003 (including those that Company may file after the date hereof
until the Closing, the “ Company SEC Documents
”). All of the Company SEC Documents were or will be filed on
a timely basis. As of their respective dates of filing with the SEC
(or, if amended, supplemented or superseded by a filing prior to
the date hereof, as of the date of such filing), the Company SEC
Documents, including any financial statements or schedules included
or incorporated by reference therein, complied or will comply when
filed in all material respects with the requirements of the
Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and the
rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder applicable to such
Company SEC Documents, and none of the Company SEC Documents,
including any financial statements or schedules included or
incorporated by
17
reference therein, when filed contained
or will contain when filed any untrue statement of a material fact
or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except to
the extent superseded or amended by a Company SEC Document filed
subsequently and prior to the date hereof. As used in this
Section 4.5, the term “file” shall be broadly
construed to include any manner in which a document or information
is furnished, supplied or otherwise made available to the
SEC.
(b) The Company has
heretofore made, and hereafter will make, available to Parent a
complete and correct copy of any amendments or modifications that
are required to be filed with or submitted to the SEC but have not
yet been filed with or submitted to the SEC to agreements,
documents or other instruments that previously had been filed with
or submitted to the SEC by the Company pursuant to the Exchange
Act.
(c) Each Company SEC Document
containing financial statements that has been filed with or
submitted to the SEC since July 31, 2002, was accompanied by
the certifications required to be filed or submitted by the
Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer
pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and at the time of
filing or submission of each such certification, such certification
was true and accurate in all material respects.
(d) Company is in compliance
with the applicable listing and other rules and regulations of the
Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board.
4.6. Authority of
Company .
(a) Company has all requisite
corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and,
subject only to the requisite approval of the shareholders of
Company of this Agreement and the Merger, to consummate the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and
delivery by Company of this Agreement and, subject to the requisite
approval of the shareholders of Company of this Agreement and the
Merger, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of Company including, without limitation, the
vote of the Board of Directors of Company (which vote was
unanimous) approving this Agreement and the Merger.
(b) This Agreement has been
duly executed by Company and is a valid and binding obligation of
Company enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as the
enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, liquidation,
receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, fraudulent transfer,
moratorium or other similar laws affecting the rights of creditors
generally and by general equitable principles.
(c) Neither the execution and
delivery by Company of this Agreement, the consummation of the
transactions contemplated herein, nor compliance by Company with
any of the provisions hereof, will: (a) conflict with or
result in a breach of any provision of its Articles of
Incorporation, as amended, or Bylaws, as amended, or of the
charter, bylaws or other organizational documents of any Subsidiary
of Company; (b) conflict with, constitute a breach of,
result in a default (or give rise to any rights of termination,
cancellation or acceleration, or
18
any right to acquire any securities or
assets) under or require a consent or waiver under or require the
payment of any penalty under any of the terms, conditions or
provisions of any Scheduled Contract; (c) result in the
creation or imposition of any Encumbrance on any of the properties
or assets of Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or
(d) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule
or regulation applicable to Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
any of their respective properties or assets, except with respect
to clauses (b), (c) and (d), for such violations, breaches,
defaults or Encumbrances which would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect.
(d) No consent of, approval
of, notice to or filing with any Governmental Entity having
jurisdiction over any aspect of the business or assets of Company
or any of its Subsidiaries is required in connection with the
execution and delivery by Company of this Agreement or the
consummation by Company of the Merger or the other transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby, except (i) under the Exchange
Act (including the filing of the Proxy Statement with the SEC);
(ii) such other filings or notifications as may be required
under federal or state securities law; (iii) such other
consents, approvals, waivers, orders, authorizations,
registrations, declarations and filings, which if not obtained or
made would not, individually or in the aggregate, materially affect
the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger or reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(iv) applicable filings, notifications, approvals or consents
under the HSR Act; and (v) the filing of a Certificate of
Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Georgia and the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and appropriate
documents with relevant authorities of other states in which the
Company is qualified to do business.
4.7. Insurance . Set
forth in Section 4.7 of the Company Disclosure Letter is a
list, as of the date hereof, of all policies of insurance carried
and owned by Company or any of its Subsidiaries and which are in
force on the date hereof. Each such policy is in full force and
effect and is valid, outstanding and enforceable, and all premiums
have been paid when due. No insurer under any such policy or bond
has cancelled or indicated an intention to cancel or not to renew
any such policy or bond or generally disclaimed liability
thereunder. Neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in
default under any such policy or bond which is material to the
operations of Company and its Subsidiaries and all material claims
thereunder have been filed in a timely fashion.
4.8. Personal Property
. Company or one of its Subsidiaries owns or leases all tangible
assets necessary for the conduct of their businesses as presently
conducted. Company and its Subsidiaries have good title to all the
material tangible properties and assets owned or stated to be owned
by Company and its Subsidiaries, free and clear of all Encumbrances
except: (a) as set forth in the Company SEC Documents filed
prior to the date hereof or Financial Statements of Company;
(b) for Encumbrances for current taxes not yet due;
(c) for Encumbrances incurred in the ordinary course of
business; or (d) for Encumbrances that are not substantial in
character, amount or extent and that do not materially detract from
the value, or interfere with present use, of the property subject
thereto or affected thereby, or otherwise materially impair the
conduct of business of Company.
19
4.9. Real Estate .
Neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns real property.
Company or a Subsidiary of the Company has a valid leasehold
interest in all material real property leased by the Company or a
Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of all Encumbrances,
except (a) for rights of lessors, co-lessees or sublessees in
such matters that are reflected in the lease; (b) for current
taxes not yet due and payable; and (c) for such Encumbrances,
if any, as do not materially detract from the value of or
materially interfere with the present use of such property.
Section 4.9 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a
complete and accurate list of all real property leased, subleased
or licensed by Company or any of its Subsidiaries (collectively
“ Company Leases ”) and the location of the
premises. Neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to
Company’s knowledge, any other party to any Company Lease, is
in default under any of the Company Leases, except where the
existence of such defaults, individually or in the aggregate, has
not had a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company Leases is in
full force and effect and is enforceable in accordance with its
terms.
4.10. Litigation .
Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the
date of this Agreement, there is no suit, action, investigation or
proceeding (whether judicial, arbitral, administrative or other)
pending or, to the knowledge of Company, threatened, against or
affecting Company or any of its Subsidiaries as to which an adverse
outcome would individually, or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, nor is there any
judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any Governmental
Entity outstanding against Company or any of its Subsidiaries
having or which would reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. There are no
material judgments, decrees, stipulations or orders against Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or enjoining their respective directors,
officers or employees in respect of, or the effect of which is to
prohibit, any business practice or the acquisition of any property
or the conduct of business in any area.
4.11. Taxes . Subject
to such exceptions as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect:
(a)(i) All Tax Returns
required to be filed by or on behalf of Company or its Subsidiaries
have been duly and timely filed with the appropriate taxing
authorities in all jurisdictions in which such Tax Returns are
required to be filed (after giving effect to any valid extensions
of time in which to make such filings), and all such Tax Returns
were true, complete and correct; (ii) all Taxes due and
payable by or on behalf of Company or its Subsidiaries, either
directly, or otherwise, have been fully and timely paid, except to
the extent adequately reserved therefor in accordance with GAAP
and/or applicable regulatory accounting principles or banking
regulations consistently applied on the Company balance sheet, and
adequate reserves or accruals for Taxes have been provided in the
Company balance sheet with respect to any period through the date
thereof for which Tax Returns have not yet been filed or for which
Taxes are not yet due and owing; and (iii) no agreement,
waiver or other document or arrangement extending or having the
effect of extending the period for assessment or collection of
Taxes (including, but not limited to, any applicable statute of
limitation) has been executed or filed with any taxing authority by
or on behalf of Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) Company and its
Subsidiaries have complied with all applicable laws, rules and
regulations relating to the payment and withholding of Taxes and
have duly and timely withheld from any salaries, wages or other
compensation paid to any employee or independent contractor, and
have paid over to the appropriate taxing authorities all amounts
required to be so withheld and paid over for all periods under all
applicable laws.
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(c) Company has furnished to
Parent true and correct copies of (i) all income Tax Returns
of Company relating to all taxable periods beginning after
January 31, 2005; and (ii) any audit report issued within
the last three years relating to any Taxes due from or with respect
to Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to their income,
assets or operations.
(d) No written claim has been
made by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction where Company or any
of its Subsidiaries does not file an income or franchise Tax Return
such that Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may be subject
to taxation by that jurisdiction.
(e)(i) All deficiencies
asserted or assessments made as a result of any examinations by any
taxing authority of the Tax Returns of or covering or including
Company or any of its Subsidiaries have been fully paid or
adequately reserved therefor on the Company balance sheet and, to
the Company’s knowledge, there are no other audits or
investigations by any taxing authority in progress, nor has Company
or any of its Subsidiaries received any written notice from any
taxing authority that it intends to conduct such an audit or
investigation; (ii) no requests for a ruling or a
determination letter are pending with any taxing authority; and
(iii) no issue has been raised in writing by any taxing
authority in any current or prior examination which, by application
of the same or similar principles, could reasonably be expected to
result in a proposed deficiency against Company or any of its
Subsidiaries for any subsequent taxable period.
(f) Neither Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries is a party to any tax allocation,
indemnification or sharing agreement (or similar agreement or
arrangement), whether written or not written, pursuant to which it
will have any obligation to make any payments after the
Closing.
(g) Neither Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries has been a member of an Affiliated Group (other
than a group whose common parent was Company).
(h) Neither Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries has requests for rulings in respect of Taxes
pending between Company or its Subsidiaries and any taxing
authority.
(i) There is no contract,
agreement, plan or arrangement covering any Person that,
individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment of any
amount that would not be deductible by Company or its affiliates by
reason of Section 280G of the Code.
(j) There are no Encumbrances
as a result of any due and unpaid Taxes upon any of the assets of
Company or its Subsidiaries.
(k) Each agreement, plan or
arrangement (whether written or oral) that is a “nonqualified
deferred compensation plan” (as defined under
Section 409A(d)(1) of the Code) has been operated and
administered in reasonable, good faith compliance with
Section 409A of the Code and the guidance provided thereunder
from the period beginning January 1, 2005 through the date
hereof and no such agreement, plan or arrangement which was in
effect prior to October 4, 2004, which Company determined to
not be subject to Section 409A of the Code, has
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been materially modified after
October 3, 2004. No equity-based compensation arrangement or
award granted under any such agreement, plan or arrangement is
considered “deferred compensation” within the meaning
of Section 409A of the Code.
(l) Each Company Stock Option
that was not fully vested and exercisable as of December 31,
2004 has an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value,
within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, of a share of
Company Stock on a date no earlier than the date of the corporate
action authorizing the grant and has a grant date identical to the
date of the corporate action authorizing the grant.
4.12. Compliance with
Charter Provisions and Laws and Regulations .
(a) Neither Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries is in default under or in breach or violation
of (i) any provision of its Articles of Incorporation, as
amended, or Bylaws, as amended, or (ii) any law, ordinance,
rule or regulation promulgated by any Governmental Entity, except,
with respect to this clause (ii), for such violations as would
not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect. To the knowledge of Company, no investigation by any
Governmental Entity with respect to Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is pending or threatened, other t
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