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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

Agreement and Plan of Merger

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Title: AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Governing Law: New York     Date: 10/31/2007
Industry: Computer Services     Law Firm: Greenberg Traurig;Morgan Lewis     Sector: Technology

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, Parties: bravosolution usa  inc , verticalnet  inc
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Exhibit 2.1

 


AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

by and among

BRAVOSOLUTION S.P.A.,

BRAVOSOLUTION U.S.A., INC.,

and

VERTICALNET, INC.

Dated as of October 25, 2007

 


 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page
ARTICLE 1 THE MERGER    2
    SECTION 1.01    The Merger    2
    SECTION 1.02    Closing    2
    SECTION 1.03    Effective Time    3
    SECTION 1.04    Effect of the Merger    3
    SECTION 1.05    Articles of Incorporation    3
    SECTION 1.06    Bylaws    3
    SECTION 1.07    Directors; Officers    3
    SECTION 1.08    Effect on Common Stock and Series C Preferred Stock    3
    SECTION 1.09    Effect on Series B Preferred Stock    4
    SECTION 1.10    Treatment of Options, Warrants and RSUs.    5
ARTICLE 2 EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES    5
    SECTION 2.01    Exchange Fund    5
    SECTION 2.02    Exchange Procedures    6
    SECTION 2.03    No Further Ownership Rights in Shares and Company Securities    6
    SECTION 2.04    Termination of Exchange Fund    6
    SECTION 2.05    No Liability    6
    SECTION 2.06    Lost Certificates or Instruments    7
    SECTION 2.07    Withholding Rights    7
    SECTION 2.08    Further Assurances    7
    SECTION 2.09    Stock Transfer Books    7
ARTICLE 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY    8
    SECTION 3.01    Corporate Organization    8
    SECTION 3.02    Qualification to Do Business    8
    SECTION 3.03    No Conflict or Violation    8
    SECTION 3.04    Consents and Approvals    9
    SECTION 3.05    Authorization and Validity of Agreement    9
    SECTION 3.06    Capitalization and Related Matters.    9
    SECTION 3.07    Subsidiaries    12
    SECTION 3.08    Company SEC Reports    12
    SECTION 3.09    Absence of Certain Changes or Events    13
    SECTION 3.10    Tax Matters    15
    SECTION 3.11    Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities; Closing Indebtedness; and Company Transaction Expenses    16
    SECTION 3.12    Real Property    17
    SECTION 3.13    Assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries    18
    SECTION 3.14    Intellectual Property    19
    SECTION 3.15    Software.    20

 

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    SECTION 3.16    Licenses and Permits    21
    SECTION 3.17    Government Contracts    22
    SECTION 3.18    Compliance with Law; Sarbanes-Oxley Act    23
    SECTION 3.19    Litigation    24
    SECTION 3.20    Material Contracts    24
    SECTION 3.21    Employee Plans    27
    SECTION 3.22    Insurance    29
    SECTION 3.23    Affiliate Transactions    29
    SECTION 3.24    Vendors and Customers    30
    SECTION 3.25    Labor Matters    30
    SECTION 3.26    Environmental Matters    30
    SECTION 3.27    No Brokers    31
    SECTION 3.28    State Takeover Statutes    32
    SECTION 3.29    Information Supplied    32
    SECTION 3.30    Board Approval    32
    SECTION 3.31    Vote Required    32
    SECTION 3.32    Illegal or Unauthorized Payments; Political Contributions    32
    SECTION 3.33    Product Warranty    33
    SECTION 3.34    Export    33
    SECTION 3.35    Inventory    34
ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB    34
    SECTION 4.01    Organization    34
    SECTION 4.02    No Conflict or Violation    34
    SECTION 4.03    Consents and Approvals    35
    SECTION 4.04    Authorization and Validity of Agreement    35
    SECTION 4.05    No Brokers    35
    SECTION 4.06    Information Supplied    35
    SECTION 4.07    Merger Sub    36
    SECTION 4.08    Sufficiency of Funds    36
ARTICLE 5 COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY    36
    SECTION 5.01    Conduct of Business Before the Closing Date.    36
    SECTION 5.02    Notice of Breach    39
    SECTION 5.03    Section 409A    39
    SECTION 5.04    Exemption from Liability Under Section 16(b)    39
    SECTION 5.05    Radcliffe Note    39
    SECTION 5.06    Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement    39
ARTICLE 6 COVENANTS OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB    39
    SECTION 6.01    Employee Benefits.    39
    SECTION 6.02    Directors’ and Officers’ Indemnification and Insurance    40

 

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ARTICLE 7 ADDITIONAL COVENANTS OF THE PARTIES

   42
    SECTION 7.01    Preparation of Proxy Statement, Company Shareholders Meeting    42
    SECTION 7.02    Access to Information.    43
    SECTION 7.03    Commercially Reasonable Efforts.    43
    SECTION 7.04    Acquisition Proposal.    44
    SECTION 7.05    Shareholder Litigation    48
    SECTION 7.06    Public Announcements    49
ARTICLE 8 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT    49
    SECTION 8.01    Conditions to the Merger    49
    SECTION 8.02    Conditions to the Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub    49
    SECTION 8.03    Conditions to the Obligations of the Company    50
    SECTION 8.04    Frustration of Closing Conditions    51
ARTICLE 9 TERMINATION    51
    SECTION 9.01    Termination    51
    SECTION 9.02    Effect of Termination    52
    SECTION 9.03    Fees and Expenses    54
    SECTION 9.04    Amendment    55
    SECTION 9.05    Extension; Waiver    55
ARTICLE 10 MISCELLANEOUS    55
    SECTION 10.01    Survival    55
    SECTION 10.02    Successors and Assigns    55
    SECTION 10.03    Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Remedies    55
    SECTION 10.04    Severability; Construction    57
    SECTION 10.05    Notices    57
    SECTION 10.06    Entire Agreement    59
    SECTION 10.07    Parties in Interest    59
    SECTION 10.08    Section and Paragraph Headings    59
    SECTION 10.09    Counterparts    59
    SECTION 10.10    Definitions    59

 

EXHIBITS   
Exhibit A    Plan of Merger
Exhibit B    Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement
Exhibit C    Statement of Designation
Exhibit D    Voting Agreement
Exhibit E    Employment Agreement
Exhibit F    Release
Exhibit G    Radcliffe Waiver

 

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SCHEDULES

Company Disclosure Schedule

 

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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of October 25, 2007 (this “ Agreement ”), by and among BravoSolution S.p.A., a corporation organized under the laws of Italy (“ Parent ”), BravoSolution U.S.A., Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”), and Verticalnet, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the “ Company ”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Company Board ”) has (i) approved and adopted this Agreement and the related Plan of Merger (the “ Plan of Merger ”; in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A ), (ii) resolved to recommend that the shareholders of the Company approve this Agreement and the related Plan of Merger, and (iii) declared fair and in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders this Agreement and the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, at the Closing, by virtue of the Merger and without any action by the holder thereof, (i) each outstanding share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Company Common Stock ”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than shares held directly or indirectly by the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, will be converted into the right to receive $2.56 per share in cash, without interest (the “ Common Consideration ”), and (ii) each outstanding share of the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock (the “ Series B Preferred Stock ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than shares held directly or indirectly by the Company, will be converted into the right to receive either $0.38750 or $0.26875 per share in cash (in accordance with Section 1.09 below), without interest (the “ Series B Consideration ” and, together with the Common Consideration, the “ Merger Consideration ”);

WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent and Merger Sub have approved the Merger, this Agreement and the Plan of Merger;

WHEREAS, as a condition and inducement to the Company’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, Merger Sub has agreed that on October 31, 2007 it will acquire from the Company, pursuant to the terms of a Stock Purchase Agreement, to be dated as of such date, by and between the Company and Merger Sub, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “ Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement ”), 322,007 shares of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock (the “ Series C Preferred Stock ”) having the rights, preferences, privileges and limitations set forth in the Description and Designation of Series C Preferred Stock attached as Exhibit A to the Statement with Respect to Shares of Series C Preferred Stock of the Company to be dated as of such date, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “ Statement of Designation ”), at an aggregate subscription price of $824,337.92 (the “ Series C Purchase Price ”);

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Parent and Merger Sub’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, certain holders of the Company’s capital stock (representing on the date hereof approximately

 


28% of the Company’s outstanding voting securities (but without taking into account the issuance of the Series C Preferred Stock)), have entered into a voting agreement with the Company, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D (the “ Voting Agreement ”), pursuant to which, in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, each such holder has agreed, among other things, to vote such holder’s Shares in favor of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with and subject to the terms set forth in the Voting Agreement;

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Nathanael Lentz, has agreed to (i) enter into a new employment agreement with the Company, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (the “ Employment Agreement ”), but which shall only go into effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, and (ii) enter into a mutual release agreement with the Company, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F (the “ Release ”), but which shall only go into effect immediately prior to the Effective Time;

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, a duly authorized signatory of Radcliffe SPC, Ltd. (“ Radcliffe ”) delivered to the Company and Parent a waiver (in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit G ) (the “ Radcliffe Waiver ”) of any rights Radcliffe may have to any portion of the Series C Purchase Price; and

WHEREAS, this Agreement is intended to constitute the plan of merger required by Section 1922 of the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law of 1988, as amended (the “ PBCL ”) for the Merger.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1

THE MERGER

SECTION 1.01 The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereof, in accordance with the PBCL, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company and the separate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon cease by virtue of the Merger, and the Company, as the surviving corporation in the Merger (the “ Surviving Corporation ”), shall by virtue of the Merger continue its existence under the Laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

SECTION 1.02 Closing . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.01 , the closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) will take place at 10:00 a.m. (Eastern Time) on the seventh Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver (subject to applicable Law) of the conditions (excluding conditions that, by their terms, cannot be satisfied until the Closing Date, but subject to the satisfaction or, where permitted, waiver of those conditions as of the Closing) set forth in Article 8 , unless another time or date is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto (the date of the Closing, the “ Closing Date ”). The Closing shall

 

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be held at the offices of Greenberg Traurig, LLP, The Met Life Building, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York, unless another place is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto.

SECTION 1.03 Effective Time . On the Closing Date, the parties shall file with the Department of State of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania the Articles of Merger (the “ Articles of Merger ”). The Merger shall become effective at such time as the Articles of Merger have been accepted for record by the Department of State of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or at such subsequent date and time as Parent and the Company shall agree and as shall be specified in the Articles of Merger in accordance with the relevant provisions of the PBCL (the date and time the Merger becomes effective being the “ Effective Time ”).

SECTION 1.04 Effect of the Merger . From and after the Effective Time, the Merger shall have the effects set forth in Section 1929, and any other applicable provisions, of the PBCL and this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, immunities, powers, license, authority and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest entirely in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, and duties of each of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, and duties of the Surviving Corporation.

SECTION 1.05 Articles of Incorporation . At the Effective Time, the articles of incorporation of the Company shall be amended and restated to read in its entirety as the articles of incorporation of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, and as so amended shall be the articles of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation after the Effective Time, until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Law.

SECTION 1.06 Bylaws . The bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect at the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Law.

SECTION 1.07 Directors; Officers . The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation and, unless otherwise directed in writing by Parent, the officers of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each case until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified or until their death, resignation or removal in accordance with the PBCL and the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.

SECTION 1.08 Effect on Common Stock and Series C Preferred Stock . At the Effective Time by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof:

(a) Each share of Company Common Stock held by the Company as treasury stock and each share of Company Common Stock and (when issued) Series C Preferred Stock owned directly or indirectly by Parent or Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time, if any, shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no payment or distribution shall be made or delivered with respect thereto.

 

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(b) Each share of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (including any such shares issued upon conversion of (when issued) the Series C Preferred Stock or the Series B Preferred Stock (as hereinafter defined) as set forth in Section 1.09 , but excluding shares cancelled pursuant to Section 1.08(a) ) shall be converted into the right to receive the Common Consideration, without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding. Each such share shall cease to be outstanding and shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented such share (a “ Common Stock Certificate ”) shall thereafter cease to have any rights with respect to such share, except the right to receive the Common Consideration, without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding.

(c) Each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation.

(d) If prior to the Effective Time, the Company should split, combine or otherwise reclassify any of the Shares, or pay a stock dividend or other stock distribution in any of the Shares, or otherwise change any of the Shares into any other securities, or make any other such stock dividend or distribution in capital stock of the Company in respect of any of the Shares, then the Merger Consideration payable for any of such Shares pursuant to this Section 1.08 or to Section 1.09 will be appropriately adjusted to reflect such split, combination, dividend or other distribution or change.

SECTION 1.09 Effect on Series B Preferred Stock . At the Effective Time by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof:

(a) Each share of Series B Preferred Stock held by the Company as treasury stock and each share of Series B Preferred Stock owned directly or indirectly by Parent or Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time, if any, shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no payment or distribution shall be made or delivered with respect thereto.

(b) Each share of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by the Investor Purchasers (as such term is defined in the Company’s Description and Designation of Series B Preferred Stock) shall be cancelled and automatically converted into the right to receive $0.38750 per share in cash, without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding.

(c) Each share of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by the Non-Investor Purchasers (as such term is defined in the Company’s Description and Designation of Series B Preferred Stock) shall be cancelled and automatically converted into the right to receive $0.26875 per share in cash, without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding.

(d) Each such share of Series B Preferred Stock shall cease to be outstanding and shall be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented such share (a “ Series B Certificate ”) shall

 

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thereafter cease to have any rights with respect to such share, except the right to receive the Series B Consideration, without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding.

SECTION 1.10 Treatment of Options, Warrants and RSUs .

(a) Except as provided on Schedule 1.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, each option (a “ Company Option ”) granted under the Company’s Amended and Restated 1996 Equity Compensation Plan, Tigris Corporation 1998 Stock Option Program, Verticalnet, Inc. 1999 Equity Compensation Plan, 1999 Isadra Nonqualified Plan, Atlas Commerce 1999 Long Term Incentive Plan, Equity Compensation Plan for Employees (1999), 2000 Equity Compensation Plan, 1999 Long Term Incentive Plan and 2006 Omnibus Equity Company Compensation Plan (collectively, the “ Company Plans ”), warrant (a “ Company Warrant ”), and restricted stock unit (an “ RSU ”, and together with the Company Options and the Company Warrants, the “ Company Securities ”) to purchase shares of Company Common Stock, to the extent outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether vested or unvested), will at the Effective Time be cancelled and the holder of such Company Security will, in full settlement of such Company Security, receive from the Company an amount (without interest and subject to any required Tax withholding), if any, in cash equal to the product of (i) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise or conversion price per share of Company Common Stock underlying such Company Security multiplied by (ii) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Security; provided that the aggregate amount of such payment shall be rounded down to the nearest whole cent. If the applicable exercise or conversion price of any Company Security equals or exceeds the Merger Consideration, such Company Security shall be cancelled without payment of additional consideration, and all rights with respect to such Company Security shall terminate as of the Effective Time. Parent shall pay, or shall cause the Surviving Corporation to pay, the consideration payable under this Section 1.10 in respect of each Company Security as soon as practicable following the Effective Time. The holders of Company Securities shall have no further rights in respect of any Company Securities from and after the Effective Time.

(b) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall (i) adopt such resolutions and take such other actions as are necessary in order to effectuate the actions contemplated by Section 1.10(a) prior to the Effective Time, and (ii) use commercially reasonable best efforts to adopt such resolutions and take such other actions as are necessary in order to terminate each Company Plan or other agreement or instrument representing Company Securities (an “ Instrument ”), in each case without paying any consideration or incurring any debts or obligations on behalf of the Company, Parent or the Surviving Corporation other than as set forth in Section 1.10(a) ; provided that such resolutions and actions shall expressly be conditioned upon the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and shall be of no effect if this Agreement is terminated.

ARTICLE 2

EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES

SECTION 2.01 Exchange Fund . At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with a bank or trust company designated by Parent and reasonably satisfactory to the Company (the “ Exchange Agent ”), in trust for the benefit of holders of Shares and Company Securities (in

 

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each case which are not to be cancelled pursuant to Sections 1.08(a) , 1.09 and 1.10 ), for exchange in accordance with Sections 1.08 , 1.09 and 1.10 , the cash to be paid pursuant to this Agreement in exchange for outstanding Shares and Company Securities. Any cash deposited with the Exchange Agent, and any interest or other distributions thereon, shall hereinafter be referred to as the “ Exchange Fund .”

SECTION 2.02 Exchange Procedures . As promptly as practicable after the Effective Time, the Exchange Agent will send to each record holder of a Certificate or Instrument, (a) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates or Instruments shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates or Instruments to the Exchange Agent and shall be in a form and have such other provisions as Parent may reasonably specify) and (b) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates or Instruments in exchange for the Merger Consideration. As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, each holder of a Certificate or Instrument, upon surrender of a Certificate or Instrument to the Exchange Agent together with such letter of transmittal, duly executed, and such other documents as may reasonably be required by the Exchange Agent, shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a check in the amount equal to the per share cash amount of the Merger Consideration (after giving effect to any required Tax withholdings) with respect to which the holder of such Certificates or such Instruments is entitled under Sections 1.08 , 1.09 or 1.10 , as appropriate. The Exchange Agent shall accept such Certificates or Instruments upon compliance with such reasonable terms and conditions as the Exchange Agent may impose to effect an orderly exchange thereof in accordance with normal exchange practices. No interest will be paid or will accrue on any cash payable upon due surrender of the Certificates or Instruments. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares or Company Securities that is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, the Merger Consideration with respect to such Shares or Company Securities shall be paid to such a transferee only if the Certificate or Instrument representing such Shares or Company Securities is presented to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and to evidence that any applicable stock transfer or other Taxes have been paid.

SECTION 2.03 No Further Ownership Rights in Shares and Company Securities . The Merger Consideration paid upon conversion or exchange of Shares or Company Securities in accordance with the terms of Article 1 and this Article 2 shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the Shares or Company Securities.

SECTION 2.04 Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to the holders of Certificates or Instruments for six (6) months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation or otherwise on the instruction of the Surviving Corporation, and any holders of Certificates or Instruments who have not theretofore complied with this Article 2 shall thereafter look only to the Surviving Corporation and Parent (subject to abandoned property, escheat or other similar laws) for the Merger Consideration with respect to the Shares or Company Securities formerly represented thereby to which such holders are entitled pursuant to Sections 1.08 , 1.09 and 1.10 .

SECTION 2.05 No Liability . None of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any Person in respect of any

 

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Merger Consideration from the Exchange Fund delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.

SECTION 2.06 Lost Certificates or Instruments . If any Certificate or Instrument shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate or Instrument to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by the Surviving Corporation, the posting by such Person of a bond in such reasonable amount as the Surviving Corporation may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate or Instrument or other documentation (including an indemnity in customary form) reasonably requested by Parent, the Exchange Agent will deliver in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate or Instrument the applicable Merger Consideration with respect to the Shares or Company Securities formerly represented thereby.

SECTION 2.07 Withholding Rights . Each of the Exchange Agent, the Surviving Corporation and Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of Shares or Company Securities and any such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (“ Treasury Regulations ”), or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Shares or Company Securities in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be.

SECTION 2.08 Further Assurances . At and after the Effective Time, the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation will be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Company or Merger Sub, any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or assurances and to take and do, in the name and on behalf of the Company or Merger Sub, any other actions and things to vest, perfect or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation any and all right, title and interest in, to and under any of the rights, properties or assets acquired or to be acquired by the Surviving Corporation as a result of, or in connection with, the Merger.

SECTION 2.09 Stock Transfer Books . At the close of business, New York time, on the day the Effective Time occurs, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and there shall be no further registration of transfers of Shares or Company Securities thereafter on the records of the Company. From and after the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates and Instruments shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares or Company Securities formerly represented thereby, except as otherwise provided herein or by applicable Law. On or after the Effective Time, any Certificates or Instruments presented to the Exchange Agent or Parent for any reason shall be converted into the Merger Consideration with respect to the Shares or Company Securities formerly represented thereby in accordance with Sections 1.08 , 1.09 and 1.10 .

 

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ARTICLE 3

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Except as set forth in reasonable detail in (i) the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (the “ Form 10-K ”) filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007 and any amendments thereto filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement (other than disclosures in the “Risk Factors” sections thereof or any such disclosures included in such filings that are cautionary, predictive or forward-looking in nature) (it being agreed that such disclosures shall not be exceptions to Sections 3.04 , 3.05 and 3.06(a )), or (ii) the corresponding sections or subsections of the disclosure letter delivered to Parent by the Company prior to entering into this Agreement (the “ Company Disclosure Schedule ”) (it being agreed that disclosure of any item in any section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed disclosure with respect to any other section or subsection only to the extent that the relevance of such item is reasonably apparent; provided that no such disclosure shall be deemed to qualify Section 3.09(a)(i) or Section 5.01 unless expressly set forth in Section 3.09(a)(i) or Section 5.01, as applicable, of the Company Disclosure Schedule), the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that:

SECTION 3.01 Corporate Organization . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite corporate power to own its properties and assets and to conduct its business as now conducted. Copies of the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated By-laws, together with all amendments thereto to the date hereof (the “ Company Organizational Documents ”) and the organizational documents of each Subsidiary of the Company, with all amendments thereto to the date hereof, have been made available to Parent, and such copies are accurate and complete as of the date hereof.

SECTION 3.02 Qualification to Do Business . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation, limited liability company or partnership (as the case may be) and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which the character of the properties owned or leased by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.03 No Conflict or Violation . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement does not and will not (a) violate or conflict with any provision of any Company Organizational Documents or any of the organizational documents of the Subsidiaries of the Company, (b) assuming compliance with the matters referenced in Section 3.04(a)-(c)  and receipt of the Company Shareholder Approval, violate any provision of applicable Law, or (c) violate or result in a breach of or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, contract or other agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of their respective properties or assets is subject or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien (other than any Permitted Lien) upon any of the assets, properties or rights of either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or result in or give to others any rights of cancellation, modification, amendment, acceleration, revocation or suspension of any of such

 

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note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement, instrument or obligation thereunder, or of any Licenses and Permits, except with respect to clauses (b) and (c), for any violations, breaches, conflicts or other occurrences which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.04 Consents and Approvals . No consent, waiver, authorization or approval of any Governmental Entity, and no declaration or notice to or filing or registration with any Governmental Entity, is required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company or the performance by the Company or its Subsidiaries of their obligations hereunder or thereunder, except for: (a) applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Securities Act ”) and of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Exchange Act ”) and the rules and regulations of NASDAQ; and (b) the consents, waivers, authorizations or approvals of any Governmental Entity set forth on Section 3.04 of the Company Disclosure Schedule.

SECTION 3.05 Authorization and Validity of Agreement . The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Plan of Merger, the Voting Agreement, the Statement of Designation (when filed in accordance with the terms of the Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement), the Employment Agreement, the Radcliffe Waiver and all agreements and instruments related thereto (collectively, the “ Transaction Documents ”) and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and thereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by the Company Board and all other necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, other than the approval and adoption of this Agreement by the affirmative vote of a majority of votes cast by all shareholders of the Company entitled to vote thereon at a meeting at which a quorum is present (the “ Company Shareholder Approval ”), and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (subject to the filing of the Statement of Designation (when filed in accordance with the terms of the Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement)). This Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents have been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub and the other parties thereto (as applicable), shall constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to (a) the effect of bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (b) general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at Law) and (c) an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing.

SECTION 3.06 Capitalization and Related Matters .

(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 120,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 35,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Company Preferred Stock ”). On the date hereof:

 

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(i) 1,617,625 shares of Company Common Stock are issued and outstanding, including 6,780 restricted shares of Company Common Stock (“ Restricted Stock ”),

(ii) 8,700,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding, all of which are designated Series B Preferred Stock,

(iii) 1,173 shares of Company Common Stock are held by the Company as treasury shares; no shares of Company Preferred Stock are held by the Company as treasury shares,

(iv) an aggregate of 112,427 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved and available for issuance pursuant to the Company Plans, and of such shares

(A) 70,953 shares of Company Common Stock are subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Options, and

(B) 6,780 shares of Company Common Stock are subject to issuance pursuant to outstanding Restricted Stock and RSU grants, and

(v) an aggregate of 1,385,178 shares of Company Common Stock are reserved and available for issuance upon the exercise of Company Warrants.

Other than the Company Plans, there is no plan or other Contract providing for the grant of options, securities or other rights exercisable or exchangeable for or into shares of Company Common Stock by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. No shares of Company Common Stock are owned by any Subsidiary of the Company. Section 3.06(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list as of the date hereof, of (x) all outstanding Company Options, the number of shares of Company Common Stock (or other capital stock) subject thereto, the grant dates, expiration dates and exercise prices thereof, the names of the holders thereof and whether or not each holder is a current employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and whether or not such Company Option is intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code, (y) all outstanding shares of Restricted Stock and RSUs, the number of shares of Company Common Stock (or other capital stock) subject thereto (as applicable), the grant dates, the dates any forfeiture or repurchase conditions lapse, any repurchase prices and the names of the holders thereof and whether or not each holder is a current employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (z) all outstanding Company Warrants, the number of shares of Company Common Stock (or other capital stock) subject thereto, the issuance dates, the maturity or expiration dates, the exercise or conversion prices and the names of the holders thereof. All outstanding Company Stock Options, shares of Restricted Stock and RSUs are evidenced by written award agreements, in each case in the forms set forth in Section 3.01(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, and no award agreement relating to any outstanding Company Stock Option, Restricted Stock or RSU contains terms that are inconsistent with such forms. Copies of all Instruments evidencing Company Warrants have been made available to Parent prior to the date hereof.

(b) On the date hereof, no shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company, or any securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, any such stock, interests or securities, or any options, warrants, shares of deferred stock, restricted stock awards,

 

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stock appreciation or depreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, “phantom” stock awards or other calls or rights to acquire or receive any such stock, interests or securities, or other rights that are linked in any way to the value of the Company Common Stock or the value of the Company or any part thereof, were issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. Except as expressly permitted under Section 5.01(a)(i) of this Agreement, since the date hereof, there have been no issuances by the Company of shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company, or any securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, any such stock, interests or securities, or any options, warrants, shares of deferred stock, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, stock appreciation or depreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, “phantom” stock awards or other calls or rights to acquire or receive any such stock, interests or securities, or other rights that are linked in any way to the value of the Company Common Stock or the value of the Company or any part thereof.

(c) All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are, and all shares which are issuable pursuant to the Company Plans shall be, when issued in accordance with the terms thereof, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, call or put option, right of first offer or refusal, preemptive right, subscription right or any similar right under any provision of the PBCL, the Company Organizational Documents or any Contract to which the Company is a party or otherwise bound. Except as set forth in Section 3.06(a) , there are no (i) bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (ii) securities or other instruments or obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, the value of which is based upon or derived from any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, the Company or which has or which by its terms may have at any time (whether actual or contingent) the right to vote (or which is convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which holders of Company Common Stock may vote (whether generally in the election of Company directors or in respect of any other matter for which holders of Company Common Stock are entitled to vote as a matter of Law or pursuant to the Company Organizational Documents). Except as set forth in Section 3.06(a) , there are no securities, options, warrants, calls, rights or Contracts of any kind to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound, obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, or securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, grant, extend or enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right or Contract. With respect to the Company Options, (A) each Company Option intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code so qualifies, (B) each grant of a Company Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Company Option was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the Company Board (or a duly constituted and authorized committee thereof) and any required shareholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, and the award agreement governing such grant (if any) was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto, (C) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of the Company Plans, the Exchange Act and all other applicable Laws and regulatory rules or requirements, including the rules of NASDAQ, (D) the per share exercise price of each Company Option was not less than the fair market value of a share of

 

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Company Common Stock on the applicable date of grant of such Company Option and (E) each such grant was properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and disclosed in the Company SEC Reports in accordance with the Exchange Act and all other applicable Laws. Except as set forth in Section 3.06(a) and except for the outstanding shares of Restricted Stock and RSUs or except pursuant to the cashless exercise, if any, or Tax withholding provisions under which the Company Options, Restricted Stock and RSUs were granted, there are no outstanding contractual or other obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (I) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (II) vote or dispose of any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any voting agreements with respect to any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no irrevocable proxies and no voting agreements or voting trusts with respect to any shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. All outstanding Company Securities may by their terms be treated in accordance with Sections 1.08 , 1.09 and 1.10 .

(d) The Company has registered the Company Common Stock pursuant to Section 12(b) or (g) of the Exchange Act and is in full compliance with all reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and all NASDAQ requirements for the continued listing and quotation of the Company Common Stock on the NASDAQ, including applicable corporate governance requirements. On August 31, 2007, the Office of General Counsel of the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Hearings issued a final written decision granting the Company’s request for continued listing on the NASDAQ, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there is no threat of the termination or discontinuance of the eligibility of the Common Stock for such listing.

(e) No appraisal or dissenters rights are available to the holders of the Shares pursuant to Section 1571 of the PBCL.

SECTION 3.07 Subsidiaries . Each Subsidiary of the Company is listed on Exhibit 21 of the Form 10-K. Other than such Subsidiaries, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, owns or holds any rights to acquire, any capital stock or any other securities, interests or investments in any other Person.

SECTION 3.08 Company SEC Reports .

(a) Since December 31, 2003, the Company and its Subsidiaries have filed or furnished, as applicable, on a timely basis, each registration statement, prospectus, definitive proxy statement or information statement, form, report, schedule and other document (together with all amendments thereof and supplements thereto) required to be filed by the Company pursuant to the Exchange Act or the Securities Act or comparable foreign Law or regulation with the SEC or any comparable foreign regulatory authority or exchange (as such documents have since the time of their filing been amended or supplemented, the “ Company SEC Reports ”). As of their respective dates, after giving effect to any amendments or supplements thereto filed prior to the date hereof, the Company SEC Reports (i) complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act or the Securities Act, as applicable, and (ii) did not

 

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contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each of the Company SEC Reports, at the time of its filing, complied, or if not yet filed, when so filed will comply, in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”), and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, applicable to the Company SEC Reports. As of the date of this Agreement, (i) there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC staff with respect to the Company SEC Reports, and (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing review, comment or investigation by the SEC. None of the Subsidiaries of the Company are, or have been, subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

(b) The audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited interim consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, the notes, if any, thereto) included in the Company SEC Reports complied as to form in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, were prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated therein or in the notes thereto and except with respect to unaudited statements as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) and fairly present (subject, in the case of the unaudited interim financial statements included therein, to normal year-end adjustments (that will not be material) and the absence of complete footnotes) the consolidated financial position of the Company or its predecessor and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the respective periods then ended.

SECTION 3.09 Absence of Certain Changes or Events .

(a) Since June 30, 2007, there has not been:

(i) any Company Material Adverse Effect;

(ii) any loss, damage, destruction or other casualty to the material assets or properties of either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

(iii) any material change in any method of accounting or accounting practice of either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries except for any such change required by reason of a concurrent change in GAAP; or

(iv) any loss of the employment, services or benefits of the chief executive officer of the Company and members of the Company’s senior management who report directly to such chief executive officer.

(b) Since June 30, 2007, each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has operated in the ordinary course of its business and consistent with past practice and has not:

(i) incurred any material obligation or liability (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise);

 

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(ii) failed to discharge or satisfy any Lien or pay or satisfy any material obligation or liability (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise), other than Permitted Liens and liabilities being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been provided;

(iii) mortgaged, pledged or subjected to any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) any of its material assets, properties or rights;

(iv) sold or transferred any of its material assets, or cancelled any material debts or claims or waived any material rights;

(v) disposed of any patents, trademarks or copyrights or any patent, trademark or copyright applications;

(vi) defaulted on any material obligation;

(vii) granted any increase in the compensation or benefits of its key employees other than increases in the ordinary course of business not exceeding 2% of the key employee’s annual compensation then in effect or entered into any employment, change of control, retention or severance agreement or arrangement with any of them;

(viii) contractually committed to make any capital expenditure for any periods after the date hereof or additions to property, plant and equipment used in its operations other than ordinary repairs and maintenance in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;

(ix) laid off any significant number of its employees;

(x) received notice from any domestic or international distributor of its intention to terminate its relationship or contract with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or had any such relationship or contract terminated by any such distributor;

(xi) discontinued the offering or the development of any material services or product;

(xii) incurred any obligation or liability for the payment of severance benefits;

(xiii) declared, paid, or set aside for payment any dividend or other distribution in respect of any shares of its or its Subsidiaries’ capital stock, membership interests or other securities, or redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired, directly or indirectly, any shares of its or its Subsidiaries’ capital stock, membership interests or other securities, or agreed to do so;

(xiv) made or suffered any amendment or termination of any Customer Contract, modified or waived any material debts or claims held by it, other than in the ordinary course, or waived any right of material value, whether or not in the ordinary course;

 

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(xv) made any payment to any shareholder or other Affiliate of the Company with respect to any indebtedness owed to such shareholder or other Affiliate; or

(xvi) entered into any agreement or made any commitment to do any of the foregoing.

SECTION 3.10 Tax Matters .

(a) (i) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has filed when due with the appropriate governmental entities all Tax Returns it was required by applicable Law to file; (ii) all such Tax Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects; (iii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has timely paid all Taxes (except for Taxes which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings) due with respect to the taxable periods covered by such Tax Returns and all other Taxes due and owing by the Company and its Subsidiaries (whether or not shown on any tax return); and (iv) any liability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for Taxes not yet due and payable, or which are being contested in good faith, has been provided for on the financial statements of the Company in accordance with GAAP.

(b) The Company has delivered or made available to Parent correct and complete copies of all federal, state, local and foreign Income Tax Returns filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries since May 31, 2002.

(c) There is no material Action now pending with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in respect of any Tax, nor has any material claim for additional Tax been asserted in writing by any taxing authority since May 31, 2002. Since May 31, 2002, no claim has been made in writing by any taxing authority in a jurisdiction where the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has not filed a Tax Return that it is or may be subject to Tax by such jurisdiction.

(d) (i) There is no outstanding request for any extension of time for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to pay any Taxes or file any Tax Returns; (ii) there has been no waiver or extension of any applicable statute of limitations for the assessment or collection of any Taxes of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that is currently in force; and (iii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Tax-sharing, Tax indemnity, Tax allocation, pre-filing, or advance pricing agreement or similar arrangements, whether written or unwritten, providing for the payment of Taxes, payment for Tax losses, entitlements to refunds or similar Tax matters.

(e) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has withheld and paid all material Taxes required to be withheld in connection with any amounts paid or owing to any employee, creditor, independent contractor or other third party.

(f) The Company has not been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.

 

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(g) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has elected at any time to be treated as an S corporation within the meaning of Sections 1361 or 1362 of the Code or under any comparable state or local Tax provision.

(h) None of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall be required to include in a taxable period ending after the Closing taxable income attributable to income that accrued in a prior taxable period as a result of the installment method of accounting, the completed contract method of accounting, the long-term contract method of accounting, the cash method of accounting or Section 481 of the Code or comparable provisions of state or local Tax Law, or for any other reason.

(i) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has distributed stock of another Person, or has had its stock distributed by another Person, in a transaction that was purported or intended to be governed in whole or in part by Section 355 or Section 361 of the Code.

(j) There is no material Lien, other than a Permitted Lien, affecting any of the assets, properties or rights of the Company and its Subsidiaries that arose in connection with any failure or alleged failure to pay any Tax.

(k) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has been a member of an affiliated group (within the meaning of Code § 1504(a)) filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which is the Company) or (ii) has any liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than any of the Company and its Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulations § 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise.

(l) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is a partner for Tax purposes with respect to any joint venture, partnership, or other arrangement or contract which is treated as a partnership for Tax purposes, or (ii) owns a single member limited liability company which is treated as a disregarded entity.

(m) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into any transaction identified as a “reportable transaction” or “listed transaction” for purposes of Code Section 6707A(c) or Treasury Regulations Sections 1.6011-4(b)(2) or 301.6111-2(b)(2).

(l) None of the Subsidiaries is an expatriated entity (as defined in Section 7874(a)(2)(A) of the Code) or a surrogate foreign corporation (within the meaning of Section 7874(a)(2)(B) of the Code).

SECTION 3.11 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities; Closing Indebtedness; and Company Transaction Expenses .

(a) There are no material liabilities or obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof of any kind whatsoever, whether accrued, contingent, absolute, determined, determinable or otherwise, and there is no existing condition, situation or set of circumstances that could be reasonably expected to result in such a liability or obligation, other than (a) liabilities or obligations disclosed and provided for in the consolidated balance sheet of the

 

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Company as of June 30, 2007 included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period then ended or (b) liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since June 30, 2007. Neither of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is directly or indirectly liable upon or with respect to (by discount, repurchase agreements or otherwise), or obliged in any other way to provide funds in respect of, or to guarantee or assume, any material debt, obligation or dividend of any Person.

(b) Section 3.11(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all loan or credit agreements, notes, bonds, mortgages, indentures and other agreements and instruments pursuant to which any indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $50,000 is outstanding or may be incurred and the respective principal amounts outstanding thereunder as of the date of this Agreement. For purposes of this Section 3.11(b) , “indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, without duplication, (i) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, or with respect to deposits or advances of any kind to such Person, (ii) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (iii) all obligations of such Person upon which interest charges are customarily paid, (iv) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property purchased by such Person, (v) all obligations of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding obligations of such Person or creditors for raw materials, inventory, services and supplies incurred in the ordinary course of business), (vi) all capitalized lease obligations of such Person, (vii) all obligations of others secured by any lien on property or assets owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the obligations secured thereby have been assumed, (viii) all obligations of such Person under interest rate or currency hedging transactions (valued at the termination value thereof), (ix) all letters of credit issued for the account of such Person, and (x) all guarantees and arrangements having the economic effect of a guarantee by such Person of any indebtedness of any other Person. All of the outstanding indebtedness of the type described in this Section 3.11(b) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be prepaid by the Company or its Subsidiary at any time without the consent or approval of, or prior notice to, any other Person, and without payment of any premium or penalty.

(c) The aggregate amount of all out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including the fees and expenses of lawyers, accountants, financial advisors, consultants and other advisors, incurred by the Company in connection with the entering into of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the carrying out of any and all acts contemplated hereunder and thereunder (“ Company Transaction Expenses ”) shall not exceed $500,000, unless any excess over $500,000 is directly attributable to all such out-of-pocket costs and expenses that are incurred by the Company in connection with the review by the SEC of, and clearance of all SEC comments on, the Proxy Statement.

SECTION 3.12 Real Property .

(a) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has ever held fee ownership of any real property. Section 3.12(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all leases, licenses (for real property), subleases and occupancy agreements, together with all amendments thereto, in which either of the Company or its Subsidiaries has a leasehold interest or similar occupancy rights, whether as lessor or lessee (each, a “ Lease ” and collectively,

 

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the “ Leases ”; the property covered by Leases under which either of the Company or its Subsidiaries is a lessee is referred to herein as the “ Leased Real Property ”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract (other than a Lease) with the lessor of any of the Leased Real Properties, which gives such lessor any right to terminate or adversely alter the terms of the Lease to which such lessor is a party. The Company or its Subsidiaries enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession of, the Leased Real Property pursuant to the Leases. No option has been exercised under any of such Leases, except options whose exercise has been evidenced by a written document, a true, complete and accurate copy of which has made available to Parent with the corresponding Lease. The transactions contemplated by this Agreement do not require the consent or approval of the other party or parties to the Leases.

(b) With respect to each Lease, (i) such Lease is in full force and effect, (ii) all rents, required deposits and additional rents due to date pursuant to each Lease have been paid in full, (iii) the Company has not prepaid rent or any other amounts due under a Lease more than thirty (30) days in advance, and (iv) no party has any rights of offset against any rents, required security deposits or additional rents payable under such Lease. As of the date hereof, no Lease has been materially modified or amended.

(c) None of the Leased Real Property is subject to any option, lease, sublease, license or other agreement granting to any Person or entity any right to the use, occupancy or enjoyment of such property or any portion thereof or to obtain title to all or any portion of such property.

(d) All material improvements, systems, equipment, machinery and fixtures on the Leased Real Property are in good operating condition and repair and generally are adequate and suitable in all material respects for the present and continued use, operation and maintenance thereof as now used, operated or maintained. All improvements on the Leased Real Property constructed by or on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary were constructed, to the Knowledge of the Company, in compliance in all material respects with applicable Laws, ordinances and regulations affecting such Leased Real Property, including but not limited to the American with Disabilities Act.

(e) Each parcel of Leased Property is a separate lot for real estate tax and assessment purposes (and no other real property is included in such tax parcel), there are no Taxes, assessments, fees, charges or similar costs or expenses imposed by any Taxing Authority, association or other entity having jurisdiction over such real property or portion thereof (collectively, the “ Real Estate Impositions ”) that are delinquent, and there is no pending or threatened increase or special assessment or reassessment of any such Real Estate Impositions.

SECTION 3.13 Assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries .

(a) The assets, properties and rights of each of the Company and its Subsidiaries constitute all of the assets, properties and rights which are used in the operation of their business as currently conducted. There are no material assets, properties, rights or interests of any kind or nature that either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been using, holding or operating in their business prior to the Closing that will not be used, held or owned by each of the Company or its Subsidiaries immediately following the Closing.

 

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(b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has good and marketable fee simple title, free and clear of any Liens other than Permitted Liens, to, or a valid leasehold interest under enforceable leases in, all of its material assets, properties and rights.

SECTION 3.14 Intellectual Property .

(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries own all right, title and interest in and to, or have valid and enforceable licenses to use, possess, distribute and/or dispose of all the Intellectual Property, and such Intellectual Property represents all intellectual property rights necessary for the conduct of their business as and where conducted on the date hereof or contemplated to be conducted on the Closing Date or in relation to any product under development by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Neither the execution of this Agreement, or the other Transaction Documents nor the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby will affect any rights of the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect to the Intellectual Property. There are no conflicts with or infringements of any Intellectual Property by any third party, including by any current or former employee or consultant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as and where conducted on the date hereof or contemplated to be conducted on the Closing Date or in relation to any product under development by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) does not conflict with, violate, misappropriate, misuse or infringe any proprietary or intellectual property right of any third party. There is no Action pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or its Subsidiaries: (a) alleging any such conflict, violation, misappropriation, misuse or infringement with any third party’s proprietary or intellectual property rights; or (b) challenging the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ ownership or use of, or the validity or enforceability of any Intellectual Property.

(b) Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and current list of all (i) registrations, certificates, applications, filings or other material documents issued by, filed with, or recorded by, any Governmental Entity pertaining to the Intellectual Property (“ Registered Intellectual Property ”) as of the date hereof and the owner of record, date of application or issuance, and relevant jurisdiction as to each and (ii) any works of authorship in which Company has material, unregistered copyrights (e.g., software applications developed by or on behalf of the Company). All Registered Intellectual Property is owned by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries, free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens. All Registered Intellectual Property is valid, subsisting, unexpired, and all renewal fees and other maintenance fees that have fallen due on or prior to the Closing have been paid, and, except as set forth on Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no actions or fees of any kind are due within 120 days of the Closing Date. No Registered Intellectual Property is the subject of any Action before any governmental, registration or other authority in any jurisdiction. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents will not (i) alter, impair or result in the termination of any Intellectual Property, or (ii) result in the creation of any material Lien with respect to any of the Intellectual Property owned or otherwise held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(c) Section 3.14(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete list of all agreements (whether written or oral) pertaining to Intellectual Property as of the date hereof, except for agreements pertaining to commercially available, off-the-shelf software which

 

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has a value of less than $2,000. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all agreements pertaining to the Intellectual Property, and are not under any obligation to pay royalties or other payments in connection with any agreement, nor restricted from assigning its rights respecting Intellectual Property, such rights including the right to sue and obtain damages for past and future infringements thereof, nor will the Company or its Subsidiaries otherwise be, as a result of the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, in breach of any agreement relating to the Intellectual Property. Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries is in material default of any such agreement.

(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made any claim of a violation, infringement, misuse or misappropriation by any third party (including any employee , former employee or consultant of the Company or its Subsidiaries) of its rights to, or in connection with, any Intellectual Property, which claim is pending. Except with respect to provisions consistent with the Company’s past practice in Software license agreements with customers of the Company made in the normal course of business, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into any agreement to indemnify any other Person against any charge of infringement of any Intellectual Property.

(e) The Company has taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of its Intellectual Property. All current and former employees, consultants, contractors and other third parties of the Company or its Subsidiaries who have contributed to the creation, design, review, evaluation or development of any Intellectual Property on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have executed written agreements (i) requiring them to maintain the confidentiality of such Intellectual Property to the extent that it consists of confidential information and/or trade secrets; and (ii) disclosing to the Company or its Subsidiaries (as applicable) the creation of any inventions; and (iii) assigning to the Company or its Subsidiaries, as applicable, all right, title and interest in and to any inventions and any other Intellectual Property created by such employees or consultants in conjunction with their work for or on behalf of the Company. To the Knowledge of the Company, no such employee or consultant is in breach of any such agreements.

SECTION 3.15 Software .

(a) Section 3.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of all operating and applications computer software programs and databases used, manufactured, distributed, sold, licensed or marketed by the Company and its Subsidiaries, or which are under development by the Company and currently scheduled for release within six months from the date hereof, that are material to the conduct of their business (collectively, the “ Software ”). The Software listed on Section 3.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule performs materially in accordance with the written specifications and documentation of the Company with respect to the specific Software sold or licensed by the Company to its end users, and to the Knowledge of the Company, no third party has asserted any claim of a breach of any warranty made, expressly or impliedly, by the Company. None of the Software nor any use thereof, conflicts with, infringes upon or violates any intellectual property or other proprietary right of any other Person and, no Action with respect to any such infringement or violation is pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened.

 

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(b) The Company and its Subsidiaries have not purchased any material amount of telecommunications equipment without procuring a software license for the imbedded software in such equipment nor is the Company or its Subsidiaries subject to any claim for failing to procure such a license.

(c) Section 3.15(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all software or other material that is distributed as “free software”, “open source software” or under a similar licensing or distribution model (“ Open Source Materials ”) that is included in any Software or other Intellectual Property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or that is otherwise used by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in any way, and describes the manner in which such Open Source Materials were used (such description shall include whether (and, if so, how) the Open Source Materials were modified and/or distributed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries). Except as explicitly set forth in Section 3.15(c ) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has not (i) incorporated Open Source Materials into, or combined Open Source Materials with, any Software or other Intellectual Property owned or licensed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (ii) distributed Open Source Materials in conjunction with any Software or other Intellectual Property owned or licensed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or (iii) used Open Source Materials that create, or purport to create, obligations for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any of its/their Software or Intellectual Property rights or grant, or purport to grant, to any third party, any rights or immunities under any Software or Intellectual Property (including using any Open Source Materials that require, as a condition of use, modification and/or distribution of such Open Source Materials that other software incorporated into, derived from or distributed with such Open Source Materials be (A) disclosed or distributed in source code form, (B) be licensed for the purpose of making derivative works, or (C) be redistributable at no charge).

(d) The Software is free of all viruses, worms, trojan horses and other material known contaminants and does not contain any bugs, errors or problems of a material nature that would disrupt its operation or have an adverse impact on the operation of other software programs or operating systems. The Company and its Subsidiaries have the right to use all software development tools, library functions, compilers, and other third party software that are material to the business of the Company or that are required to operate or modify the Software.

(e) Except pursuant to Software maintenance and license agreements with customers of the Company made in the normal course of business and as set forth on Section 3.15(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company does not have any obligation owing to any third party to maintain, modify, improve or upgrade any of the Software.

(f) The Company has not disclosed the source code for any Software to any Person nor has the Company granted to any Person to use such source code, other than to those Persons identified in Section 3.15(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.

SECTION 3.16 Licenses and Permits .

(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess all right, title and interest in and to each of their respective material licenses, permits, franchises, registrations,

 

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authorizations and approvals issued or granted to any of the Company or its Subsidiaries by any Governmental Entity (the “ Licenses and Permits ”) and has taken all necessary action to maintain such Licenses and Permits. The Licenses and Permits are sufficient and adequate in all material respects to permit the continued lawful conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and none of the operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries are being conducted in a manner that violates in any material respects any of the terms or conditions under which any License and Permit was granted.

(b) Each License and Permit has been duly obtained, is valid and in full force and effect, and no petition, action, investigation, notice of violation or apparent liability, notice of forfeiture, order to show cause, complaint, or Action seeking to revoke, reconsider the grant of, cancel, suspend, declare invalid or modify any of the Licenses and Permits is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened before any Governmental Entity. No notices have been received by and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no claims have been filed against the Company or its Subsidiaries alleging a failure to hold any Licenses or Permits.

SECTION 3.17 Government Contracts .

(a) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contracts with any Governmental Entity.

(b) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been suspended or debarred from bidding on Contracts or subcontracts for any Governmental Entity, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has any suspension or debarment action been threatened or commenced.

(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been, nor is now being, audited or investigated by any Governmental Entity, or the inspector general or auditor general or similar functionary of any Governmental Entity, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has an audit or investigation been threatened.

(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material dispute pending before a contracting office of, nor any current claim pending against, any Governmental Entity, relating to a Contract.

(e) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, with respect to any government Contract, received a cure notice advising the Company that it is or was in default under such Contract.

(f) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has submitted any inaccurate, untruthful, or misleading cost or pricing data, certification, bid, proposal, report, claim, or any other information relating to a Contract to any Governmental Entity that would be contrary in any material respect to any applicable Laws.

(g) To the Knowledge of the Company, no employee, agent, consultant, representative, or Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in receipt or possession of any competitor or government proprietary or procurement sensitive information related to the

 

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business of the Company of any of its Subsidiaries under circumstances where there is reason to believe that such receipt or possession is unlawful or unauthorized.

SECTION 3.18 Compliance with Law; Sarbanes-Oxley Act .

(a) The operations of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been conducted in accordance in all material respects with applicable Laws. Since December 31, 2004, none of the Company or its Subsidiaries has received notice of any violation (or any investigation with respect thereto) of any such Laws or other legal requirement, and none of the Company or its Subsidiaries is in material default with respect to any order, writ, judgment, award, injunction or decree of any Governmental Entity, applicable to any of its assets, properties or operations. To the Knowledge of the Company, no legislative or regulatory proposal or other proposal for a change in any applicable Law or the interpretations thereof has been adopted or is pending which could materially adversely affect the Company or its Subsidiaries or the business of the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(b) Except as permitted by the Exchange Act, including Sections 13(k)(2) and (3) or rules of the SEC, since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates has made, arranged or modified (in any material way) any extension of credit in the form of a personal loan to any executive officer or director of the Company.

(c) The Company maintains (i) disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15, as applicable, under the Exchange Act) designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company is recorded and reported on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s filings with the SEC and other public disclosure documents and (ii) a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15, as applicable, under the Exchange Act) designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP which includes policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the asset of the Company, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management of the Company, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on its financial statements. The Company has disclosed, based on the most recent evaluation of its chief executive officer and its chief financial officer prior to the date hereof, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company Board (x) any significant deficiencies in the design or operation of its internal controls over financial reporting that are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information (and has identified for the Company’s auditors and audit committee of the Company Board any material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting) and (y) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company has made available to Parent (i) a summary of any such disclosure made by management to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee since December 31, 2004 and (ii) any

 

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communication since December 31, 2004 made by management or the Company’s auditors to the audit committee required or contemplated by the audit committee’s charter or professional standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Since December 31, 2004, no material written complaints from any source regarding questionable accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters have been received by the Company. No attorney representing the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has reported evidence of a material violation of securities laws, material breach of fiduciary duty or similar material violation by the Company or any of its officers, directors or agents to the Company’s chief legal officer, audit committee (or other committee designated for the purpose) of the Company Board or the Company Board pursuant to the rules adopted pursuant to Section 307 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

(d) The Company has made available to Parent a summary of all complaints or observations relating to other matters made since December 31, 2004 through the Company’s “whistleblower hot-line” or equivalent system for receipt of employee complaints or observations regarding possible violations of Law by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective employees in respect of such employee’s employment with the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(e) The Company’s or any Subsidiary’s operation of any web sites used in connection with the business, and content thereof and data processed, collected, stored or disseminated in connection therewith, do not violate any applicable Law, the applicable Laws of any other jurisdiction, including Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and any Person’s right of privacy or publicity.

SECTION 3.19 Litigation . There are no material civil, criminal, judicial or administrative actions, suits, claims, hearings, arbitrations, investigations, inquiries, audits or other proceedings (each, an “ Action ”) pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against, or brought by, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their officers or directors involving or relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries, the material assets, properties or rights of any of the Company and its Subsidiaries or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or subject to the provisions of any material judgment, settlement, order, writ, injunction, decree or award of any Governmental Entity imposed upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, assets or properties.

SECTION 3.20 Material Contracts .

(a) Section 3.20 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and correct list of all Contracts as of the date hereof.

(b) Each Contract is in full force and effect, valid, binding and enforceable against the Company or its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, against the other parties thereto in accordance with its terms, subject to (i) the effect of bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting the

 

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enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at Law) and (iii) an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has performed all obligations required to be performed by it to date under, and is not in default or delinquent in performance, status or any other respect (claimed or actual) in connection with, any Contract, and no event has occurred which, with due notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, except as, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has sent no notices of default under any Contract, which default remains uncured, and to the Knowledge of the Company, no other party to any Contract is in material default in respect thereof, and no event has occurred which, with due notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default. The Company has made available to Parent or its representatives true and complete originals or copies of all the Contracts.

(c) A “ Contract ” means any agreement, contract or commitment, oral or written, to which either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of its assets are bound constituting:

(i) an agreement that would be required to be filed by the Company as a “material agreement” pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act or disclosed by the Company on a Current Report on Form 8-K or that if terminated or subject to a default by any party thereto, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect;

(ii) an agreement (A) with a customer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has sold or will sell goods and/or services and has derived or expects to derive revenue of at least $50,000 in any 12-month period, or (B) with any customer that contains “most-favored nation,” pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has sold or will sell goods and/or services and has derived or expects to derive revenue of at least $50,000 in any 12-month period (the Contracts set forth in subsection (A) and (B) collectively, the “ Customer Contracts ”);

(iii) an agreement with a licensor, supplier or other vendor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to which


 
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