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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

Agreement and Plan of Merger

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER | Document Parties: AGILE SOFTWARE CORPORATION | AQUA ACQUISITION CORPORATION | ORACLE CORPORATION You are currently viewing:
This Agreement and Plan of Merger involves

AGILE SOFTWARE CORPORATION | AQUA ACQUISITION CORPORATION | ORACLE CORPORATION

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Title: AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Governing Law: Delaware     Date: 5/16/2007
Industry: Software and Programming     Law Firm: Skadden Arps     Sector: Technology

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, Parties: agile software corporation , aqua acquisition corporation , oracle corporation
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Exhibit 2.1

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

dated as of

May 15, 2007

among

AGILE SOFTWARE CORPORATION,

ORACLE CORPORATION

and

AQUA ACQUISITION CORPORATION

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

 

              Page

ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS

   1
  Section 1.01   

Definitions.

   1
  Section 1.02   

Other Definitional and Interpretative Provisions.

   8

ARTICLE 2 THE MERGER

   9
  Section 2.01   

The Closing.

   9
  Section 2.02   

The Merger.

   9
  Section 2.03   

Conversion of Shares.

   9
  Section 2.04   

Surrender and Payment.

   10
  Section 2.05   

Dissenting Shares.

   11
  Section 2.06   

Company Stock Options; ESPP.

   12
  Section 2.07   

Adjustments.

   14
  Section 2.08   

Withholding Rights.

   14
  Section 2.09   

Lost Certificates.

   14

ARTICLE 3 THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

   14
  Section 3.01   

Certificate of Incorporation.

   14
  Section 3.02   

Bylaws.

   14
  Section 3.03   

Directors and Officers.

   15

ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

   15
  Section 4.01   

Corporate Existence and Power.

   15
  Section 4.02   

Corporate Authorization.

   15
  Section 4.03   

Governmental Authorization.

   16
  Section 4.04   

Non-contravention.

   16
  Section 4.05   

Capitalization.

   16
  Section 4.06   

Subsidiaries.

   18
  Section 4.07   

SEC Filings and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

   19
  Section 4.08   

Financial Statements; Internal Controls.

   20
  Section 4.09   

Proxy Statement.

   21
  Section 4.10   

Absence of Certain Changes.

   22
  Section 4.11   

No Undisclosed Material Liabilities.

   22
  Section 4.12   

Litigation.

   22
  Section 4.13   

Compliance with Applicable Law and Orders.

   23
  Section 4.14   

Material Contracts.

   23
  Section 4.15   

Taxes.

   27

1

The Table of Contents is not a part of this Agreement.

 

i

 


 

Section 4.16

  

Employee Benefit Plans.

   28
  Section 4.17   

Labor and Employment Matters.

   30
  Section 4.18   

Insurance Policies.

   31
  Section 4.19   

Environmental Matters.

   31
  Section 4.20   

Intellectual Property; Computer Software.

   32
  Section 4.21   

Properties.

   35
  Section 4.22   

Interested Party Transactions.

   35
  Section 4.23   

Certain Business Practices.

   35
  Section 4.24   

Finders’ Fees.

   35
  Section 4.25   

Opinion of Financial Advisor.

   36
  Section 4.26   

Antitakeover Statutes; Company Rights Agreement.

   36

ARTICLE 5 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT

   36
  Section 5.01   

Corporate Existence and Power.

   36
  Section 5.02   

Corporate Authorization.

   36
  Section 5.03   

Governmental Authorization.

   37
  Section 5.04   

Non-contravention.

   37
  Section 5.05   

Proxy Statement.

   37
  Section 5.06   

Company Securities.

   37
  Section 5.07   

Financing.

   37
  Section 5.08   

Investigations; Proceedings.

   37
  Section 5.09   

Capitalization of Merger Subsidiary.

   38

ARTICLE 6 COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY

   38
  Section 6.01   

Conduct of the Company.

   38
  Section 6.02   

Stockholder Meeting; Board Recommendation; Proxy Material;.

   43
  Section 6.03   

No Solicitation.

   44
  Section 6.04   

Access to Information.

   46
  Section 6.05   

Notice of Certain Events.

   46
  Section 6.06   

Company Rights Agreement.

   47
  Section 6.07   

Termination of 401(k) Plan.

   47
  Section 6.08   

FIRPTA Certificate.

   47
  Section 6.09   

Product Review.

   47

ARTICLE 7 COVENANTS OF PARENT

   48
  Section 7.01   

Obligations of Merger Subsidiary.

   48
  Section 7.02   

Director and Officer Liability.

   48
  Section 7.03   

Employee Benefits

   49

ARTICLE 8 COVENANTS OF PARENT AND THE COMPANY

   50
  Section 8.01   

Reasonable Best Efforts.

   50
  Section 8.02   

Certain Filings.

   51
  Section 8.03   

Public Announcements.

   52

 

ii

 


   Section 8.04   

Section 16 Matters.

   52
   Section 8.05   

Further Assurances.

   52

ARTICLE 9 CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER

   52
   Section 9.01   

Conditions to the Obligations of Each Party.

   52
   Section 9.02   

Conditions to the Obligations of Parent and Merger Subsidiary.

   53
   Section 9.03   

Conditions to the Obligations of the Company.

   54

ARTICLE 10 TERMINATION

   54
   Section 10.01   

Termination.

   54
   Section 10.02   

Effect of Termination.

   56

ARTICLE 11 MISCELLANEOUS

   57
   Section 11.01   

Notices.

   57
   Section 11.02   

Survival of Representations and Warranties.

   58
   Section 11.03   

Amendments and Waivers.

   58
   Section 11.04   

Expenses.

   58
   Section 11.05   

Disclosure Schedule References.

   59
   Section 11.06   

Binding Effect; Benefit; Assignment.

   59
   Section 11.07   

Governing Law.

   60
   Section 11.08   

Jurisdiction.

   60
   Section 11.09   

Waiver of Jury Trial.

   60
   Section 11.10   

Counterparts; Effectiveness.

   60
   Section 11.11   

Entire Agreement.

   60
   Section 11.12   

Severability.

   61
   Section 11.13   

Specific Performance.

   61

INDEX OF EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit A    Form of Voting Agreement
Exhibit B    Form of Amended and Restated Certification of Incorporation

 

iii

 


AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of May 15, 2007 among Agile Software Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Oracle Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), and Aqua Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Subsidiary ”).

WHEREAS, it is proposed that Merger Subsidiary will merge with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”) and each outstanding share (the “ Company Shares ”) of Company Common Stock (as defined herein), including the associated Company Rights (as defined herein), will thereupon be canceled and converted into the right to receive cash in an amount equal to $8.10 per share, without interest (the “ Merger Consideration ”), on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;

WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of each of the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary have approved this Agreement and deem it advisable and in the best interests of their respective stockholders to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Parent’s and Merger Subsidiary’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, certain of the directors and executive officers of the Company are entering into a Voting Agreement substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A (each, a “ Voting Agreement ”); and

WHEREAS, approval by the Board of Directors of the Company of the Merger constituted approval required by Section 203(a)(1) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“ Delaware Law ”).

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth below, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.01 Definitions .

(a) As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings:

Acquisition Proposal ” means, other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any offer, proposal or indication of interest relating to any transaction or series of related transactions involving (i) any acquisition or purchase by any Third Party, directly or indirectly, of 15% or more of any class of outstanding voting or equity securities of the Company, or any tender offer or exchange offer that, if consummated, would result in any Third Party beneficially owning 15% or more of any class of outstanding voting or equity securities of the Company, (ii) any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, share exchange, business combination or other similar transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to which

 


the stockholders of the Company immediately preceding such transaction hold, directly or indirectly, less than 85% of the equity interests in the surviving or resulting entity of such transaction, (iii) any sale, lease (other than in the ordinary course of business), exchange, transfer, license (other than in the ordinary course of business), acquisition or disposition of 15% or more of the assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (measured by the lesser of book or fair market value thereof) or (iv) any liquidation, dissolution, recapitalization, extraordinary dividend or other significant corporate reorganization of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Affiliate ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such Person. As used in this definition, the term “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) means possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

Applicable Law ” means, with respect to any Person, any international, national, federal, state or local law (statutory, common or otherwise), constitution, treaty, convention, ordinance, code, rule, regulation or other similar requirement enacted, adopted, promulgated or applied by a Governmental Authority that is binding upon or applicable to such Person, as amended unless expressly specified otherwise.

Business Day ” means a day, other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York or San Francisco, California are authorized or required by Applicable Law to close.

Closing Date ” means the date of Closing.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Company Balance Sheet ” means the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of January 31, 2007 and the footnotes thereto set forth in the Company 10-Q.

Company Balance Sheet Date ” means January 31, 2007.

Company Board ” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

Company Common Stock ” means the common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company.

Company Disclosure Schedule ” means the disclosure schedule dated the date hereof regarding this Agreement that has been provided by the Company to Parent and Merger Subsidiary.

Company IP ” means all Intellectual Property Rights owned by, exclusively licensed to, or otherwise exclusively controlled by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

2

 


Company Material Adverse Effect ” means (i) a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) an effect that would prevent or delay beyond the End Date the Company’s ability to consummate the Merger, excluding, in the case of clause (i) above, any such effect resulting from or arising out of (A) the announcement, pendency or consummation of the Merger (including any loss of or adverse change in the relationship of the Company and its Subsidiaries with their respective employees, customers, partners or suppliers related thereto), (B) general market, economic or political conditions (including acts of terrorism or war) that do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (C) general conditions in the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate that do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (D) any changes (after the date hereof) in GAAP or Applicable Law, (E) any failure to take any action as a result of restrictions or other prohibitions set forth in Section 6.01(b) or the taking of any specific action expressly required by this Agreement, (F) any failure of the Company to meet internal or analysts’ expectations or projections (it being understood that any cause of any such failure may be taken into consideration when determining whether a Company Material Adverse Effect has occurred), or (G) any Proceeding made or brought by any holder of Company Shares (on the holder’s own behalf or on behalf of the Company) arising out of or related to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby (including the Merger).

Company Restricted Shares ” means shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding under a Company Stock Plan (including for this purpose, shares acquired upon exercise of a Company Stock Option) that remain subject to forfeiture to the Company or to a right of the Company to repurchase such shares at the price paid by the holder for such shares.

Company Rights ” means the preferred stock purchase rights issued pursuant to the Company Rights Agreement.

Company Rights Agreement ” means the Rights Agreement dated as of April 2, 2001 between the Company and Fleet National Bank, as Rights Agent thereunder.

Company Software Products ” means (i) all software products sold or offered for sale by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (ii) all other software products proprietary to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that are used in the conduct of their respective businesses.

Company 10-Q ” means the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2007.

Contract ” means any binding written or oral contract, agreement, note, bond, indenture, mortgage, guarantee, option, lease, license, sales or purchase order, warranty, commitment or other instrument, obligation or arrangement or understanding of any kind.

Environmental Law ” means any Applicable Law or any agreement with any Governmental Authority or other Person, relating to human health and safety, the environment or any Hazardous Substance.

ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

 

3

 


ERISA Affiliate ” of any entity means any other entity that, together with such entity, would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

Governmental Authority ” means (i) any government or any state, department, local authority or other political subdivision thereof, (ii) any governmental body, agency, authority (including any central bank, Taxing Authority or transgovernmental or supranational entity or authority), minister or instrumentality (including any court or tribunal) exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government, or (iii) the Nasdaq.

Governmental Authorizations ” means, with respect to any Person, all licenses, permits (including construction permits), certificates, waivers, consents, franchises (including similar authorizations or permits), exemptions, variances, expirations and terminations of any waiting period requirements and other authorizations and approvals issued to such Person by or obtained by such Person from any Governmental Authority.

Hazardous Substance ” means any pollutant, contaminant, waste or chemical or any toxic, radioactive, ignitable, corrosive, reactive or otherwise hazardous substance, waste or material, or any substance, waste or material having any constituent elements displaying any of the foregoing characteristics, including any substance, waste or material regulated under any Environmental Law.

HSR Act ” means the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended.

Indebtedness ” means, collectively, any (i) indebtedness for borrowed money, (ii) indebtedness evidenced by any bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture or other debt instrument or debt security, (iii) amounts owing as deferred purchase price for the purchase of any property, or (iv) guarantees with respect to any indebtedness or obligation of a type described in clauses (i) through (iii) above of any other Person.

Intellectual Property Rights ” means all worldwide (i) inventions, whether or not patentable, (ii) patents and patent applications, (iii) trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, Internet domain names and trade names, whether or not registered, and all goodwill associated therewith, (iv) rights of publicity and other rights to use the names and likeness of individuals, (v) copyrights, rights in databases and related rights, whether or not registered, (vi) mask works, (vii) computer software, data, databases, files, and documentation and other materials related to the foregoing, (viii) trade secrets and confidential, technical and business information, (ix) all rights to any of the foregoing provided by bilateral or international treaties or conventions, (x) all other intellectual property or proprietary rights, and (xi) all rights to sue or recover and retain damages and costs and attorneys’ fees for past, present and future infringement or misappropriation of any of the foregoing.

IT Assets ” means all computers, computer software, firmware, middleware, servers, workstations, routers, hubs, switches, data communications lines, and all other information technology equipment, and all associated documentation owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or licensed or leased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to written agreement (excluding any public networks).

 

4

 


Lien ” means, with respect to any property or asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest, encumbrance, claim, infringement, interference, right of first refusal, preemptive right, community property right or other adverse claim of any kind (excluding licenses of Intellectual Property Rights) in respect of such property or asset, other than any license of Intellectual Property. For purposes of this Agreement, a Person shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien, any property or asset that it has acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement relating to such property or asset.

Nasdaq ” means the Nasdaq Global Market.

1933 Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

1934 Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Order ” means, with respect to any Person, any order, injunction, judgment, decree, ruling or other similar requirement enacted, adopted, promulgated or applied by a Governmental Authority or arbitrator that is binding upon or applicable to such Person or its property.

Other Company Representations ” shall mean the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Article 4 of this Agreement, other than the Specified Company Representations.

Parent Stock ” means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Oracle Corporation.

Permitted Liens ” means (i) Liens disclosed on the Company Balance Sheet, (ii) Liens for Taxes not yet due or delinquent or being contested in good faith by any appropriate proceedings (and for which reasonably adequate accruals or reserves have been established on the Company Balance Sheet), (iii) Liens of landlords and Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, materialmen and other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business for sums not yet due and payable, (iv) statutory Liens claimed or held by any Governmental Authority with respect to amounts that are not yet due and payable, and (v) Liens (other than those securing Indebtedness) incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice which do not materially detract from the value or materially interfere with any present or intended use of the property or assets to which such Lien relates.

Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust or other entity or organization, including any Governmental Authority.

Proceeding ” means any suit, litigation, arbitration, proceeding (including any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or appellate proceeding), hearing, audit, examination or investigation commenced, brought, conducted or heard by or before, or otherwise involving, any court or other Governmental Authority or any arbitrator or arbitration panel.

 

5

 


Registered IP ” means all U.S., international and foreign (i) patents and patent applications (including provisional applications and design patents and applications) and all reissues, divisions, divisionals, renewals, extensions, counterparts, continuations and continuations-in-part thereof, and all patents, applications, documents and filings claiming priority thereto or serving as a basis for priority thereof, (ii) registered trademarks, service marks, applications to register trademarks, applications to register service marks, intent-to-use applications, or other registrations or applications related to trademarks, (iii) registered copyrights and applications for copyright registration, (iv) domain name registrations and Internet number assignments, and (v) other Intellectual Property Rights that are the subject of an application, certificate, filing, registration or other analogous document issued, filed with, or recorded by any Governmental Authority, in the case of each of clauses (i)-(v) above, owned by, under obligation of assignment to, or filed in the name of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Representatives ” means, with respect to any Person, the directors, officers, employees, financial advisors, attorneys, accountants, consultants, agents and other authorized representatives of such Person.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act ” means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Specified Company Representations ” shall mean the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Sections 4.01, 4.02, 4.24, 4.25 and 4.26 and the second and third sentences of Section 4.05(a).

Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, any entity of which securities or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar functions are at any time directly or indirectly owned by such Person.

Superior Proposal ” means any binding bona fide, unsolicited written Acquisition Proposal which did not result from a breach of Section 6.03 made by a Third Party which, if consummated, would result in such Third Party (or in the case of a direct merger between such Third Party or any Subsidiary of such Third Party and the Company, the stockholders of such Third Party) owning, directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, or all or substantially all the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and which Acquisition Proposal the Company Board determines in good faith by a majority vote, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and financial advisor and taking into account all of the terms and conditions of such Acquisition Proposal and all financial, legal, regulatory and other aspects of such Acquisition Proposal, including any break-up fees, expense reimbursement provisions, timing to completion and conditions to consummation, (i) is more favorable from a financial point of view to the Company’s stockholders (other than Parent and its Affiliates) than as provided hereunder (including any changes to the terms of this Agreement in response to such Superior Proposal pursuant to and in accordance with Section 10.01(d)(i)), and (ii) is not subject to any financing condition (and if financing is required, such financing is then fully committed to the Third Party).

 

6

 


Third Party ” means any Person or “group” as defined in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act, other than Parent or any of its Affiliates or Representatives.

(b) Each of the following terms is defined in the Section set forth opposite such term:

 

Term

 

Section

Adverse Recommendation Change

  6.03(a)

Agreement

  Preamble

Annual Premium Cap

  7.02(b)

Assumed Stock Options

  2.06(a)

Board Recommendation

  6.02(b)

Capex Budget

  6.02(v)

Cashed Out Stock Options

  2.06(a)

Certificate of Merger

  2.02(a)

Certificates

  2.04(a)

Citigroup

  4.24

Closing

  2.01

Company

  Preamble

Company Employee Plan

  4.16(a)

Company SEC Documents

  4.07(a)

Company Securities

  4.05(c)

Company Shares

  Recitals

Company Stock Option

  2.06(a)

Company Stock Plan

  2.06(a)

Company Subsidiary Securities

  4.06(c)

Confidentiality Agreement

  6.03(b)

Continuing Employees

  7.03

D&O Insurance

  7.02(b)

Delaware Law

  Recitals

Dissenting Shares

  2.05

Effective Time

  2.02(b)

Employee Plan

  4.16(a)

End Date

  10.01(b)

Exchange Agent

  2.04(a)

Foreign Competition Laws

  4.03

Grant Date

  4.05(d)

Indemnified Person

  7.02(a)

Insurance Policies

  6.18(a)

International Plans

  4.16(j)

Leased Real Property

  4.21(b)

Major Customer

  4.14(a)

Major Supplier

  4.14(a)

Material Contract

  4.14(b)

Merger

  Recitals

Merger Consideration

  Recitals

Merger Subsidiary

  Preamble

 

7

 


Necessary IP Rights

  4.20(a)

Option Exchange Ratio

  2.06(a)

Parent

  Preamble

Parent Benefit Plans

  7.03

Parent Expenses

  11.04(e)

Proxy Statement

  4.09(a)

Publicly Available Software

  4.20(i)

Purchase Right

  2.06(e)

Stockholder Approval

  4.02(a)

Stockholder Meeting

  6.02(a)

Surviving Corporation

  2.02(c)

Tax

  4.15(i)

Tax Asset

  4.15(i)

Tax Return

  4.15(i)

Tax Sharing Agreements

  4.15(i)

Taxing Authority

  4.15(i)

Termination Fee

  11.04(b)

Uncertificated Shares

  2.04(a)

Voting Agreement

  Recitals

Section 1.02 Other Definitional and Interpretative Provisions . The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of like import used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. The captions herein are included for convenience of reference only and shall be ignored in the construction or interpretation hereof. References to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules are to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. All Exhibits and Schedules annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth in full herein. Any capitalized terms used in any Exhibit or Schedule but not otherwise defined therein, shall have the meaning as defined in this Agreement. Any singular term in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the plural, and any plural term the singular. Whenever the words “include”, “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”, whether or not they are in fact followed by those words or words of like import. “Writing,” “written” and comparable terms refer to printing, typing and other means of reproducing words (including electronic media) in a visible form. References to any agreement or contract are to that agreement or contract as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof; provided that with respect to any agreement or contract listed on any schedules hereto, all such amendments, modifications or supplements in effect prior to the date hereof must also be listed in the appropriate schedule. References to any Person include the successors and permitted assigns of that Person. References to any statute are to that statute, as amended from time to time, and to the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. References to “$” and “dollars” are to the currency of the United States. References from or through any date mean, unless otherwise specified, from and including or through and including, respectively. References to “law”, “laws” or to a particular statute or law shall be deemed also to include any and all Applicable Law. References to a party’s “knowledge” are references to the actual knowledge of the directors and the actual knowledge after due inquiry of the executive officers,

 

8

 


of the Company or Parent, as the case may be. “Made available” means that (i) the Company (A) has made available copies of such materials to Parent in its on line contract database e-room to which Parent has been given access or electronic data room, (B) provided to Parent by electronic or physical delivery by the Company, or (C) with respect to Company SEC Documents, has filed such materials publicly with the SEC’s EDGAR database ( provided that the Company will not be deemed to have made any provisions of a document filed with EDGAR available to Parent to the extent such provisions were redacted) or (ii) Parent has made available copies of such materials to the Company by electronic or physical delivery of such materials to the Company.

ARTICLE 2

THE MERGER

Section 2.01 The Closing . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) will take place at 5:30 a.m., San Francisco time, as soon as practicable (and, in any event, within two (2) Business Days) after satisfaction or, to the extent permitted hereunder, waiver of all conditions to the Merger set forth in Article 9, unless this Agreement has been terminated pursuant to its terms or unless another time or date is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto. The Closing shall be held at the offices of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, 525 University Avenue, Suite 1100, Palo Alto, California 94301, unless another place is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto.

Section 2.02 The Merger .

(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, as soon as practicable after the Closing, the Company and Merger Subsidiary shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing this Agreement or a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “ Certificate of Merger ”), in such form as is required hereby, and executed in accordance with, the relevant provisions of Delaware Law.

(b) The Merger shall become effective at such time (the “ Effective Time ”) as the Certificate of Merger have been duly filed with the Delaware Secretary of State (or at such later time as may be agreed to by the parties and specified in the Certificate of Merger).

(c) At the Effective Time, Merger Subsidiary shall be merged with and into the Company in accordance with Delaware Law, whereupon the separate existence of Merger Subsidiary shall cease, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation (the “ Surviving Corporation ”). From and after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, powers, privileges and franchises and be subject to all of the obligations, liabilities, restrictions and disabilities of the Company and Merger Subsidiary, all as provided under Delaware Law.

Section 2.03 Conversion of Shares . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holders thereof:

(a) except as otherwise provided in Section 2.03(b), Section 2.03(c) or Section 2.05, each Company Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (together with the Company Rights attached to each such share) shall be converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration;

 

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(b) each Company Share held by the Company as treasury stock or owned by Parent or Merger Subsidiary immediately prior to the Effective Time (together with the Company Rights attached to each such share) shall be canceled, and no payment shall be made with respect thereto;

(c) each Company Share held by any Subsidiary of either the Company or Parent (other than Merger Subsidiary) immediately prior to the Effective Time (together with the Company Rights attached to each such share) shall be converted into such number of shares of stock of the Surviving Corporation such that each such Subsidiary owns the same percentage of Surviving Corporation immediately following the Effective Time as such Subsidiary owned in the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time; and

(d) each share of common stock of Merger Subsidiary outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and (in addition to shares referred to in Section 2.03(c)) shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation.

Section 2.04 Surrender and Payment .

(a) Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall appoint an exchange agent reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Exchange Agent ”) for the purpose of exchanging for the Merger Consideration (i) certificates representing Company Shares (the “ Certificates ”) and (ii) uncertificated Company Shares (the “ Uncertificated Shares ”). At the Effective Time, Parent shall make available to the Exchange Agent the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the Certificates and the Uncertificated Shares. Promptly after the Effective Time, Parent shall send, or shall cause the Exchange Agent to send, to each record holder of Company Shares at the Effective Time a letter of transmittal and instructions (which shall specify that the delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates or transfer of the Uncertificated Shares to the Exchange Agent) for use in such exchange.

(b) Each holder of Company Shares that have been converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration shall be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration in respect of the Company Common Stock represented by a Certificate or Uncertificated Share, upon (i) in the case of certificated Company Shares, surrender to the Exchange Agent of a Certificate, together with a properly completed letter of transmittal, or (ii) in the case of Uncertificated Shares, receipt of an “ agent’s message ” by the Exchange Agent (or such other evidence, if any, of transfer as the Exchange Agent may reasonably request) in the case of a book-entry transfer of Uncertificated Shares. Until so surrendered or transferred, as the case may be, each such Certificate or Uncertificated Share shall represent after the Effective Time for all purposes only the right to receive such Merger Consideration.

 

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(c) If any portion of the Merger Consideration is to be paid to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate or the transferred Uncertificated Share is registered, it shall be a condition to such payment that (i) either such Certificate shall be properly endorsed or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer or such Uncertificated Share shall be properly transferred, and (ii) the Person requesting such payment shall pay to the Exchange Agent any transfer or other Tax required as a result of such payment to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate or Uncertificated Share or establish to the satisfaction of the Exchange Agent that such Tax has been paid or is not payable.

(d) After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers of Company Shares. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates or Uncertificated Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation, they shall be canceled and exchanged for the Merger Consideration provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth, in this Article 2.

(e) Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 2.04(a) (and any interest or other income earned thereon) that remains unclaimed by holders of Company Shares six (6) months after the Effective Time shall be returned to Parent, upon demand, and any such holder who has not exchanged Company Shares for the Merger Consideration in accordance with this Section 2.04 prior to that time shall thereafter look only to Parent for payment of the Merger Consideration in respect of such shares without any interest thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent shall not be liable to any holder of Company Shares for any amounts paid to a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar laws. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by holders of Company Shares two (2) years after the Effective Time (or such earlier date immediately prior to such time when the amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Authority) shall become, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.

(f) Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 2.04(a) in respect of any Dissenting Shares shall be returned to Parent, upon demand.

Section 2.05 Dissenting Shares . Notwithstanding Section 2.03, any Company Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (together with the Company Rights attached to each such share) (collectively, the “ Dissenting Shares ”) held by a holder who has not voted in favor of adoption of this Agreement or the Merger or consented thereto in writing and who validly has demanded the appraisal value of such Company Shares in accordance with Section 262 of Delaware Law shall not be converted into a right to receive the Merger Consideration, unless such holder fails to perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses its dissenters’ rights; provided that if, after the Effective Time, such holder fails to perfect, withdraws or loses its dissenters’ rights pursuant to Section 262 of Delaware Law, such Company Shares (together with the Company Rights attached to each such share) shall be treated as if they had been converted as of the Effective Time into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, without any interest thereon. The Company shall provide Parent prompt notice of any demands for appraisal, and any other instruments served pursuant to Delaware Law and received by the Company with respect to the Merger received by the Company, and Parent shall have the right to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to each such dissent. Except with the prior written consent of Parent, the Company shall not make any payment with respect to, or offer to settle or settle, any such dissent.

 

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Section 2.06 Company Stock Options; ESPP .

(a) Effective as of the Effective Time, each option to purchase shares of Company Common Stock (each, a “ Company Stock Option ”) outstanding under the Company’s 2000 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, as amended, the Company’s Amended and Restated 1995 Stock Option Plan or any other stock option or equity compensation plan, program, agreement or arrangement (the “ Company Stock Plans ”) other than the Cashed Out Stock Options (the “ Assumed Stock Options ”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether or not then vested or exercisable, shall be assumed and converted automatically at the Effective Time into an option to acquire shares of Parent Stock, on substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable to such Assumed Stock Option (including vesting schedule) and any repurchase rights with respect to unvested shares subject to such Assumed Stock Option shall be assigned to any successor thereto, including without limitation, Parent, except that (i) the number of shares of Parent Stock subject to each such option shall be determined by multiplying the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Assumed Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time by a fraction (the “ Option Exchange Ratio ”), the numerator of which is the Merger Consideration and the denominator of which is the average closing price of Parent Stock on the Nasdaq over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding (but not including) the Closing Date (rounded down to the nearest whole share) and (ii) the exercise price per share of Parent Stock (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) shall equal (x) the per share exercise price for the shares of Company Common Stock otherwise purchasable pursuant to such Company Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time divided by (y) the Option Exchange Ratio. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Company Stock Option that (i) is held by a person who is not an employee of the Company or any Subsidiary immediately prior to the Effective Time or, as reasonably determined by Parent in its sole discretion, is held by a person who will not be a service provider of the Company, Parent or any Subsidiary of the foregoing immediately following the Effective Time and (ii) Parent determines shall not be treated as an Assumed Stock Option (the “ Cashed Out Stock Options ”) shall, immediately prior to the Effective Time, be accelerated in full so that each such option is fully vested and exercisable and shall be cancelled, extinguished and automatically converted into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to the product obtained by multiplying (x) the aggregate number of shares of Company Common Stock that were issuable upon exercise of such Cashed Out Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time and (y) the Merger Consideration, less the per share exercise price of such option.

(b) At the Effective Time, the Merger Consideration payable pursuant to Section 2.03(a) with respect to outstanding Company Restricted Shares shall be retained by Parent for the benefit of the holder of such Company Restricted Shares, subject to the same restrictions and vesting arrangements that were applicable to such Company Restricted Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time. Such Merger Consideration shall be paid to such holder on the date or dates that such Company Restricted Shares would have become vested under the vesting schedule in place for such Company Restricted Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time (subject to the satisfaction of restrictions and other terms of such vesting schedule). All outstanding rights to repurchase Company Restricted Shares that the Company may hold (or

 

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similar restrictions in the Company’s favor, including, but not limited to, the forfeiture restrictions applicable to the Company Restricted Shares) immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be assigned by the Surviving Corporation to Parent in the Merger and shall thereafter be exercisable by Parent upon the same terms and subject to the same conditions as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that such rights may be exercised by Parent’s retaining the cash into which such Company Restricted Shares have been converted and paying to the former holder thereof the repurchase price (if any) applicable for each share subject to such right immediately prior to the Effective Time.

(c) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall (i) use its reasonable best efforts (which shall not include making any payment to any holder of a Company Stock Option) to obtain any consents from holders of Company Stock Options, and (ii) have any resolutions passed by the Company Board or make any amendments to the terms of such Company Stock Options or Company Stock Plans, in each case, that are necessary to give effect to the transactions contemplated by this Section 2.06. Without limitation of the foregoing, the Company Board shall take such actions as are necessary to cause any Company Stock Options which would become vested solely as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with their terms unless otherwise determined by the Company Board, not to become vested solely as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(d) Parent shall take such actions as are necessary for the assumption of the Assumed Stock Options and the cancellation and cashout of the Cashed Out Stock Options pursuant to this Section 2.06, including with respect to the Assumed Stock Options, the reservation, issuance and listing of Parent Stock as is necessary to effectuate the transactions contemplated by this Section 2.06. Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-8 with respect to the shares of Parent Stock subject to the Assumed Stock Options as soon as practicable (and in any event within fifteen (15) Business Days) following the Effective Time and use reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement covering such Company Stock Options for so long as such Assumed Stock Options remain outstanding. Parent shall use reasonable best efforts to cause the shares of Parent Stock, when issued upon exercise of such Assumed Stock Options, to be approved for quotation on the Nasdaq.

(e) The Company shall cause the administrator of the ESPP to promptly take all action necessary in accordance with the ESPP to accelerate the Purchase Date (as defined in the ESPP) with respect to the current offering period under the ESPP such that each outstanding purchase right with respect to the current offering period under the ESPP (each, a “ Purchase Right ”) shall be exercisable immediately prior to the Effective Time. The Company shall take all actions necessary pursuant to the terms of the ESPP in order to (i) ensure that no offering periods under the ESPP commence after the date hereof, (ii) permit participants in the ESPP to exercise, effective as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Purchase Rights existing immediately prior to the Effective Time to acquire shares of Company Common Stock at the purchase price applicable to the current offering period and (iii) refund to participants in the ESPP the funds that remain in the participants’ accounts after such purchase. Immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall terminate the ESPP.

 

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Section 2.07 Adjustments . If, during the period between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, any change in the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company shall occur by reason of any reclassification, recapitalization, stock split (including reverse stock split) or combination, exchange or readjustment of shares, or any stock dividend thereon with a record date during such period, the Merger Consideration and any other amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted.

Section 2.08 Withholding Rights . Each of the Exchange Agent, Surviving Corporation and Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable to any Person pursuant to this Article 2 such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under any provision of any Tax law. Any amounts withheld shall be paid over to the appropriate Governmental Authority. If the Exchange Agent, Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, so withholds amounts and pays such amounts to the appropriate Governmental Authorities, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which the Exchange Agent, Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, made such deduction and withholding.

Section 2.09 Lost Certificates . If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Parent, the posting by such Person of a bond, in such reasonable and customary amount as Parent may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue, in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the Company Shares formerly represented by such Certificate, as contemplated under this Article 2.

ARTICLE 3

THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

Section 3.01 Certificate of Incorporation . The certificate of incorporation of the Company shall be amended at the Effective Time as set forth in Exhibit B and, as so amended, shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with Applicable Law.

Section 3.02 Bylaws . The bylaws of Merger Subsidiary in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with Applicable Law.

 

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Section 3.03 Directors and Officers . From and after the Effective Time, until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with Applicable Law, (i) the directors of Merger Subsidiary immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, and (ii) the officers of the Merger Subsidiary immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation.

ARTICLE 4

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Subject to Section 11.05, except as set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Subsidiary that:

Section 4.01 Corporate Existence and Power . The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under Delaware Law and has all corporate powers required to carry on its business as now conducted. The Company is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where such qualification is necessary, except for those jurisdictions where failure to be so qualified would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent complete and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as currently in effect. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent complete and correct copies of the minutes (or, in the case of draft minutes, the most recent drafts thereof) of all meetings of the stockholders of the Company, the Company Board and each committee of the Company Board and the Boards of Directors and each committee thereof each of the Company’s Subsidiaries held since January 1, 2004; provided that, with respect to meetings for which draft or final minutes are not yet available, the Company has provided to Parent a materially complete and correct summary thereof.

Section 4.02 Corporate Authorization .

(a) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby are within the Company’s corporate powers and, except for obtaining the Stockholder Approval, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company. The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Company Shares voting to approve and adopt this Agreement and the Merger (the “ Stockholder Approval ”) is the only vote of the holders of any of the Company’s capital stock necessary in connection with the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement. This Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium and other similar Applicable Law affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity.

(b) At a meeting duly called and held, prior to the execution of this Agreement, at which all directors of the Company were present, the Company’s Board of Directors duly and unanimously adopted resolutions (i) declaring that this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby are fair to and in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders, (ii) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement, the Merger and the other

 

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transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) approving and adopting an amendment to the Company Rights Agreement to render the Company Rights inapplicable to the Merger, this Agreement, the Voting Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, (iv) directing that the adoption of this Agreement be submitted to the Stockholder Meeting, and (v) making the Board Recommendation.

Section 4.03 Governmental Authorization . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby require no action by or in respect of, or filing with, any Governmental Authority, other than (i) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified to do business, (ii) compliance with any applicable requirements of (A) the HSR Act and (B) any Applicable Law analogous to the HSR Act or otherwise regulating antitrust, competition or merger control matters and in each case existing in foreign jurisdictions (“ Foreign Competition Laws ”), (iii) compliance with any applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and any other applicable U.S. state or federal securities laws, (iv) any actions or filings the absence of which would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (v) any actions or filings with respect to which the Company has no knowledge as of the date of this Agreement and which become applicable as a result of the business or activities in which Parent or any of its affiliates is engaged.

Section 4.04 Non-contravention . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby do not and will not (i) contravene, conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of any provision of the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, (ii) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in Section 4.03, contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of any Applicable Law or Order, (iii) require any consent or other action by any Person under, constitute a default, or an event that, with or without notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default under, or cause or permit the termination, cancellation, acceleration or other change of any right or obligation or the loss of any benefit under, any provision of any Contract binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Governmental Authorization that, to the Company’s knowledge, affects or relates in any way to, the assets or business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, with such exceptions, in the case of each of clauses (ii) through (iv), as would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect; provided that in determining whether a Company Material Adverse Effect would result, any adverse effect otherwise excluded by clause (A) of the definition of “ Company Material Adverse Effect ” shall be taken into account.

Section 4.05 Capitalization .

(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 100,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (of which 200,000 shares have been designated as Series A Preferred Stock and reserved for issuance upon exercise of the Company Rights). As of the close of

 

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business on May 11, 2007, (i) 59,290,240 Company Shares were issued and outstanding (none of which were held by the Company as treasury shares), (ii) no shares of preferred stock of the Company were issued and outstanding, (iii) Company Stock Options to purchase an aggregate of 7,916,831 Company Shares were issued and outstanding (of which Company Stock Options to purchase an aggregate of 6,264,635 Company Shares were exercisable), and (iv) an aggregate of 6,612,642 Company Shares were reserved for issuance under the ESPP. All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been, and all shares that may be issued pursuant to any Company Stock Plan or the ESPP will be, when issued in accordance with the respective terms thereof, duly authorized and validly issued and are (or, in the case of shares that have not yet been issued, will be) fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights.

(b) Section 4.05(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, as of the close of business on May 11, 2007, a complete and correct list of all outstanding Company Stock Options, including with respect to each such option, the number of shares subject to such option, the name of the holder, the grant date, the exercise price per share and the expiration date of each such option and whether the option is an “ incentive stock option ” under Section 422 of the Code or a non-qualified stock option. The Company has made available to Parent complete and accurate copies of all forms of Company Stock Option grant agreements pursuant to which such options were granted. The Company Stock Plans set forth on Section 4.05(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule are the only plans or programs the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has maintained under which stock options, restricted shares, restricted share units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or other compensatory equity-based awards have been or may be granted. No Assumed Stock Options or Company Restricted Shares shall become vested or exercisable, and the Company’s right to repurchase the shares subject to Company Restricted Shares or issued upon the exercise of Assumed Stock Options shall not be forfeited, in either case, solely as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby .

(c) Except as set forth in this Section 4.05 and for changes since May 11, 2007 resulting from the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on such date and disclosed on Section 4.05(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no outstanding (i) shares of capital stock or voting securities of the Company, (ii) securities of the Company convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting securities of the Company, (iii) options, warrants or other rights or arrangements to acquire from the Company, or other obligations or commitments of the Company to issue, any capital stock or other voting securities or ownership interests in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or other voting securities or ownership interests in, the Company, or (iv) restricted shares, restricted share units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, contingent value rights, “ phantom ” stock or similar securities or rights that are derivative of, or provide economic benefits based, directly or indirectly, on the value or price of, any capital stock of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, the Company (the items in clauses (i)-(iv) being referred to collectively as the “ Company Securities ”), (v) voting trusts, proxies or other similar agreements or understandings to which Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound with respect to the voting of any shares of capital stock of Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) obligations or commitments of any character to which the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company is subject restricting the transfer of, or requiring the registration for sale of, any shares of capital stock of Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vii) obligations or commitments of any character of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the Company Securities. No Company Securities are owned by any Subsidiary of the Company.

 

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(d) With respect to the Company Stock Options, (i) each Company Stock Option intended to qualify as an “ incentive stock option ” under Section 422 of the Code so qualifies, (ii) each grant of a Company Stock Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Company Stock Option was by its terms to be effective (the “ Grant Date ”) by all necessary corporate action, including, as applicable, approval by the Company Board (or a duly constituted and authorized committee thereof), or a duly authorized delegate thereof, and any required stockholder approval by the necessary number of votes or written consents, (iii) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of the applicable Company Stock Plan, the 1934 Act and all other Applicable Law, including the rules of the Nasdaq, (iv) the per share exercise price of each Company Stock Option was not, and will not be deemed to be, less than the fair market value of a share of Company Common Stock on the applicable Grant Date, and (v) each such grant was properly accounted for in all material respects in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and disclosed in the Company SEC Documents in accordance with the 1934 Act and all other Applicable Laws.

Section 4.06 Subsidiaries .

(a) Section 4.06(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and correct list as of the date of this Agreement of each Subsidiary of the Company, its place and form of organization and each jurisdiction in which it is authorized to conduct business.

(b) Each Subsidiary of the Company is a corporation or other business entity duly incorporated or organized (as applicable), validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and has all corporate or other organizational powers required to carry on its business as now conducted. Each such Subsidiary is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where such qualification is necessary, except for those jurisdictions where failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(c) All of the outstanding capital stock of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, each Subsidiary of the Company, is owned by the Company, directly or indirectly, free and clear of any Lien and free of any other limitation or restriction (including any restriction on the right to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other voting securities or ownership interests), other than any restrictions imposed by applicable securities Laws. There are no outstanding (i) securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or other voting securities or ownership interests in any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) options, warrants or other rights or arrangements to acquire from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or other obligations or commitments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, any capital stock of or other

 

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voting securities or ownership interests in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock of or other voting securities or ownership interests in, any Subsidiary of the Company, or (iii) restricted shares, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, contingent value rights, “ phantom ” stock or similar securities or rights that are derivative of, or provide economic benefits based, directly or indirectly, on the value or price of, any capital stock of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, any Subsidiary of the Company (the items in clauses (i)-(iii), in addition to all shares of capital stock or voting securities of the Company’s Subsidiaries, being referred to collectively as the “ Company Subsidiary Securities ”). There are no outstanding obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the Company Subsidiary Securities.

(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries directly or indirectly owns any equity, ownership, profit, voting or similar interest in or any interest convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for, any equity, profit, voting or similar interest in, any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company).

Section 4.07 SEC Filings and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act .

(a) The Company has filed or furnished, as applicable, all forms, reports and documents with the SEC that have been required to be so filed or furnished, as applicable, by it since January 1, 2004 and prior to the date of this Agreement under Applicable Laws (all such forms, reports and documents, together with any other forms, reports or other documents filed or furnished, as applicable, by the Company with the SEC on or prior to the Closing, whether or not required to be so filed or furnished are collectively referred to in this Agreement as the “ Company SEC Documents ”). All Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement, have been made available by the Company to Parent.

(b) No Subsidiary of the Company is required to file or furnish any report, statement, schedule, form or other document with, or make any other filing with, or furnish any other material to, the SEC.

(c) As of its filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date hereof, on the date of such filing), each Company SEC Document complied, and each such Company SEC Document filed subsequent to the date hereof will comply, as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, as the case may be.

(d) As of its filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date hereof, on the date of such filing), each Company SEC Document filed pursuant to the 1934 Act did not, and each such Company SEC Document filed subsequent to the date hereof will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each Company SEC Document that is a registration statement, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, as of the date such registration statement or amendment became effective, did not, and each such Company SEC Document filed subsequent to the date hereof will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

 

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(e) The Company has made available to Parent copies of all comment letters received by the Company from the SEC since January 1, 2004 relating to the Company SEC Documents, together with all written responses of the Company thereto. There are no outstanding or unresolved comments in any such comment letters received by the Company from the SEC. As of the date of this Agreement, to the Company’s knowledge, none of the Company SEC Documents is the subject of any ongoing review by the SEC.

(f) Each required Company SEC Document containing financial statements that has been filed with or submitted to the SEC by the Company since July 31, 2002 was accompanied by the certifications required to be filed or submitted by the Company’s chief executive officer and/or chief financial officer, as required, pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and, at the time of filing or submission of each such certification, such certification was true and accurate and complied with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. None of the Company, any current executive officer of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any former executive officer of the Company has received written notice from any Governmental Authority challenging or questioning the accuracy, completeness, form or manner of filing of such certifications made with respect to the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement.

Section 4.08 Financial Statements; Internal Controls .

(a) The audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC Documents (i) comply as to form, as of their respective filing dates with the SEC, in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except, in the case of unaudited statements, for the absence of footnotes), and (iii) fairly present (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject to normal year end adjustments in the case of any unaudited interim financial statements).

(b) The Company’s system of internal controls over financial reporting is reasonably sufficient in all material respects to provide reasonable assurance (i) that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP, (ii) that receipts and expenditures are executed in accordance with the authorization of management, and (iii) regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that would materially affect the Company’s financial statements. No significant deficiency or material weakness was identified in management’s assessment of internal controls as of April 30, 2006 other than as disclosed in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended April 30, 2006 (nor has any such deficiency or weakness since been identified).

 

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(c) The Company’s “ disclosure controls and procedures ” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the 1934 Act) are reasonably designed to ensure that (i) all information (both financial and non-financial) required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported to the individuals responsible for preparing such reports within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and (ii) all such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to make the certifications of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Company required under the 1934 Act with respect to such reports.

(d) Since January 1, 2004, neither the present chief executive officer nor the chief financial officer of the Company has become aware of any fact, circumstance or change that is reasonably likely to result in a “ significant deficiency ” or a “ material weakness ” in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that has not already been expressly disclosed as being reasonably likely to have such a result in the Company SEC Documents.

(e) The audit committee of the Company Board includes an Audit Committee Financial Expert, as defined by Item 401(h)(2) of Regulation S-K.

(f) The Company has adopted a code of ethics, as defined by Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K, for senior financial officers, applicable to its principal financial officer, comptroller or principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions. The Company has promptly disclosed any change in or waiver of the Company’s code of ethics with respect to any such persons, as required by Section 406(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. To the knowledge of the Company, there have been no violations of provisions of the Company’s code of ethics by any such persons.

Section 4.09 Proxy Statement .

(a) The proxy statement of the Company (the “ Proxy Statement ”) to be filed with the SEC for use in connection with the solicitation of proxies from the Company’s stockholders in connection with the adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Stockholder Meeting, and any amendments or supplements thereto, when filed or first mailed to the stockholders of the Company, as applicable, will comply as to form and substance in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1934 Act. The representations and warranties contained in this Section 4.09(a) will not apply to statements or omissions included in the Proxy Statement based upon information furnished to the Company in writing by Parent specifically for use therein.

(b) The Proxy Statement, as supplemented or amended, if applicable, at the time such Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to stockholders of the Company and at the time such stockholders vote on adoption of this Agreement, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties contained in this Section 4.09(b) will not apply to statements or omissions included in the Proxy Statement based upon information furnished to the Company in writing by Parent specifically for use therein.

 

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Section 4.10 Absence of Certain Changes .

(a) Since the Company Balance Sheet Date and through the date hereof, (i) the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has been conducted in the ordinary course consistent with past practice, (ii) there has not been any event, change, development or set of circumstances that has had or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (iii) there has not been any action or event, nor any authorization, commitment or agreement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any action or event, that if taken or if it occurred after the date hereof would be prohibited by Section 6.01(b)(i), (ii), (iii)(B), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (ix), (x), (xiv) and (xv) as it relates to the foregoing clauses).

(b) Since the Company Balance Sheet Date and through the date hereof, none of the Company and its Subsidiaries has engaged, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, in (i) any trade loading practices or any other promotional sales or discount activity with any customers or distributors with any intent of accelerating to prior fiscal quarters (including the current fiscal quarter) sales to the trade or otherwise that would otherwise be expected to occur in subsequent fiscal quarters, (ii) any practice which would have the effect of modifying the fiscal quarter during which collections of receivables or payments by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries occur such that such collections or payments occur during a fiscal quarter other than as would be expected based on past practice or (iii) any other promotional sales or discount activity.

Section 4.11 No Undisclosed Material Liabilities . There are no liabilities or obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries required to be set forth on a balance sheet of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP, other than:

(a) liabilities or obligations disclosed and provided for in the Company Balance Sheet or disclosed in the notes thereto;

(b) liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business since the Company Balance Sheet Date;

(c) liabilities incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and

(d) liabilities or obligations that would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.12 Litigation . There is no Proceeding pending against or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses or assets that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, there is no Proceeding pending or threatened against any of the directors or employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its stockholders or Representatives (in each case insofar as any such

 

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matters relate to their activities with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any Order against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or naming the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a party that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s knowledge, there is no Order which prohibits or restricts any of the employees or representatives of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from engaging in or otherwise conducting the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as presently conducted that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.13 Compliance with Applicable Law and Orders .

(a) Except as would not result in material liability or otherwise be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is and, since January 1, 2004 has been, in compliance in all respects with all Applicable Laws and Orders, and to the Company’s knowledge, no condition or state of facts exists that is reasonably likely to give rise to a violation of, or a liability or default under, any Applicable Law or Order. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice since January 1, 2004 (x) of any administrative, civil or criminal investigation or audit (other than Tax audits) by any Governmental Authority relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (y) from any Governmental Authority alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are not in compliance in any material respect with any Applicable Law or Order, in the case of each of (x) and (y), that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has in effect all material Governmental Authorizations necessary for it to own, lease or otherwise hold and to operate its properties and assets and to carry on its businesses and operations as now conducted. There have occurred no defaults (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) under, violations of, or events giving rise to any right of termination, amendment or cancellation of any such Governmental Authorizations except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate,


 
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