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EXHIBIT 2
Execution Copy
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
among
CHECKFREE CORPORATION,
CFA SOFTWARE CORPORATION
and
CARREKER CORPORATION
Dated as of December 29, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE I
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THE MERGER
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1
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Section 1.1
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The Merger
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1
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Section 1.2
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Closing; Effective Time
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1
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Section 1.3
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Effect of the Merger
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1
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Section 1.4
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Certificate of Incorporation; By-laws
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2
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Section 1.5
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Directors and Officers
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2
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ARTICLE II
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EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE STOCK OF THE
CONSTITUENT ENTITIES;
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EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
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2
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Section 2.1
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Conversion of Securities
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2
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Section 2.2
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Treatment of Options and Other Equity
Awards
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3
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Section 2.3
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Dissenting Shares
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3
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Section 2.4
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Surrender of Shares; Stock Transfer
Books
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4
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ARTICLE III
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
COMPANY
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5
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Section 3.1
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Organization and Qualification;
Subsidiaries
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5
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Section 3.2
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Certificate of Incorporation and
By-laws
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6
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Section 3.3
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Capitalization
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6
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Section 3.4
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Authority Relative to the Merger
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7
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Section 3.5
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No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents
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8
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Section 3.6
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Permits; Compliance
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8
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Section 3.7
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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9
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Section 3.8
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Absence of Certain Changes or Events
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10
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Section 3.9
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Absence of Litigation
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10
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Section 3.10
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Employee Benefit Plans
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11
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Section 3.11
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Labor and Employment Matters
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15
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Section 3.12
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Intellectual Property
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16
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Section 3.13
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Taxes
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16
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Section 3.14
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Environmental Matters
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22
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Section 3.15
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Material Contract
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22
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Section 3.16
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Insurance
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23
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Section 3.17
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Title to Assets
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23
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Section 3.18
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Proxy Statement
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23
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Section 3.19
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Opinion of Financial Advisor
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23
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Section 3.20
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Brokers
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24
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ARTICLE IV
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND
MERGER SUB
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24
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Section 4.1
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Corporate Organization
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24
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Section 4.2
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Authority Relative to the Merger
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24
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Section 4.3
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No Conflict; Required Filings and
Consents
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25
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Section 4.4
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Financing
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25
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Section 4.5
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Proxy Statement
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25
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Section 4.6
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No Vote/Approval Required
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26
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Section 4.7
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SEC Filings; Financial Statements
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26
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Page
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Section 4.8
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Litigation
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26
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Section 4.9
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Brokers
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26
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ARTICLE V
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CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE MERGER
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26
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Section 5.1
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Conduct of Business by the Company Pending the
Effective Time
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26
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Section 5.2
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No Right to Control
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29
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ARTICLE VI
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ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
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29
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Section 6.1
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Stockholders' Meeting
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29
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Section 6.2
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Proxy Statement; SEC Filings
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30
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Section 6.3
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Access to Information; Confidentiality
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30
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Section 6.4
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No Solicitation of Transactions
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31
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Section 6.5
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Employee Benefits Matters
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33
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Section 6.6
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Directors' and Officers' Indemnification and
Insurance
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33
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Section 6.7
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Notification of Certain Matters
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35
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Section 6.8
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Further Action; Reasonable Commercial
Efforts
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35
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Section 6.9
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Public Announcements
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36
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Section 6.10
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Investigation and Agreement by Parent and Merger
Sub; No Other
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Representations or Warranties
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36
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ARTICLE VII
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CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
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37
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Section 7.1
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Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect
the Merger
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37
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Section 7.2
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Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Merger
Sub
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38
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Section 7.3
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Conditions to Obligation of the
Company
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38
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ARTICLE VIII
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TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
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39
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Section 8.1
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Termination
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39
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Section 8.2
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Effect of Termination
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41
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Section 8.3
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Fees and Expenses
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41
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Section 8.4
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Amendment
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42
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Section 8.5
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Waiver
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42
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ARTICLE IX
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GENERAL PROVISIONS
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42
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Section 9.1
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Non-Survival of Representations, Warranties and
Agreements
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42
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Section 9.2
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Notices
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43
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Section 9.3
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Certain Definitions
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43
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Section 9.4
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Severability
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50
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Section 9.5
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Entire Agreement; Assignment
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50
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Section 9.6
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Parties in Interest
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50
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Section 9.7
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Specific Performance
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51
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Section 9.8
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Governing Law
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51
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Section 9.9
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Headings
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51
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Section 9.10
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Counterparts
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51
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Section 9.11
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Company Disclosure Schedule
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51
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COMPANY DISCLOSURE SCHEDULE
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Section 3.1(b)
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Subsidiaries
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Section 3.3(a)
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Capitalization
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Section 3.3(b)
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Ownership of Subsidiaries
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Section 3.5(b)
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Required Consents
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Section 3.6(a)
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Permits
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Section 3.6(b)
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Proceedings
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Section 3.7(c)
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Undisclosed Liabilities
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Section 3.8
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Material Changes and Events
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Section 3.9
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Litigation
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Section 3.10(a)
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Employee Benefit Plans
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Section 3.10(b)
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U.S. Benefit Plans
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Section 3.10(c)
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Operation of Plans
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Section 3.10(h)
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WARN Act
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Section 3.10(h)
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Non-U.S. Benefit Plans
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Section 3.11(a)
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Employees
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Section 3.11(b)
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Collective Bargaining Agreements
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Section 3.11(c)
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Certain Employee Matters
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Section 3.12(a)(i)
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List of certain Owned Intellectual
Property
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Section 3.12(a)(ii)
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List of Licensed Intellectual Property
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Section 3.12(b)(i)
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Ownership of Owned Intellectual
Property
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Section 3.12(b)(ii)
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Rights to Intellectual Property
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Section 3.12(b)(iii)
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Intellectual Property License Grants
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Section 3.12(c)
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Certain Intellectual Property Matters
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Section 3.12(d)
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No Infringement
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Section 3.12(e)
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Impairment of Intellectual Property
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Section 3.12(f)
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No Wrongful Disclosure
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Section 3.12(g)
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Open Source
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Section 3.12(h)
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Products Supported through Software Maintenance
Services
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Section 3.13(a)(i)
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Waivers of Taxes
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Section 3.13(a)(ii)
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Affiliated Tax Group
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Section 3.13(a)(iii)
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Tax Sharing Agreements
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Section 3.13(b)
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Certain Tax Matters
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Section 3.13(c)
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Deferred Taxes
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Section 3.13(d)
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Non-Deductible Payments
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Section 3.13(e)
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Tax Return Jurisdictions
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Section 3.14
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Environmental Matters
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Section 3.15
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Material Contracts
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Section 3.16
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Insurance
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Section 5.1
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Conduct of Business
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Section 5.1(f)
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Designated Open Employment Positions
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Section 6.5(a)
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Employee Benefit Matters
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Section 6.6(b)
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Indemnification Agreements
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Section 6.8
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Specified Contract
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Section 7.2(c)
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Company Closing Consents
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Section 7.3(c)
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Parent Closing Consents
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER,
dated as of December 29, 2006 (this "Agreement"), among
CheckFree Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), CFA
Software Corporation, a Delaware corporation and an indirect,
wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub"), and Carreker
Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company").
WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors
of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have each approved and
declared advisable the merger of Merger Sub with and into the
Company (the "Merger") in accordance with the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL") upon the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth herein, whereby each issued and
outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of
the Company ("Shares"), not owned directly or indirectly by Parent
or the Company, will be exchanged for $8.05 in cash (the "Merger
Consideration"); and
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements herein
contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Merger
Sub and the Company hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section 1.1 The Merger
. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
Article VII, and in accordance with the DGCL, at the Effective
Time (as defined below), Merger Sub shall be merged with and into
the Company. As a result of the Merger, the separate corporate
existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall continue
as the surviving corporation of the Merger (the "Surviving
Corporation").
Section 1.2 Closing;
Effective Time . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in Article VII, the closing of the Merger (the
"Closing") will take place as soon as practicable, but in no event
later than three (3) Business Days, after the satisfaction or
waiver of the conditions (excluding conditions that, by their
nature, cannot be satisfied until the Closing), or such other time
and date that the parties agree to in writing. The Closing shall be
held at the offices of Locke Liddell & Sapp LLP in Dallas,
Texas unless another place is agreed to in writing by the parties
hereto. As part of the Closing, the parties hereto shall cause the
Merger to be consummated by filing a certificate of merger or
certificate of ownership and merger (in either case, the
"Certificate of Merger") with the Secretary of State of the State
of Delaware, in such form as is required by, and executed in
accordance with, the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the date and
time of such filing of the Certificate of Merger, or such later
time as may be agreed by each of the parties hereto and specified
in the Certificate of Merger, being the "Effective Time").
Section 1.3 Effect of the
Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall
be as provided in the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at
the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, powers
and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the
Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities, obligations,
restrictions, disabilities and duties of each of the Company and
Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations,
restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
Section 1.4 Certificate of
Incorporation; By-laws .
(a) At
the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
shall be amended in the Merger to be identical to the Certificate
of Incorporation of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to
the Effective Time (except that such Certificate of Incorporation
shall be amended to provide the name of the Surviving Corporation
shall be the name of the Company), and shall be the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended
as provided by Law and such Certificate of Incorporation.
(b) The
By-laws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be the By-laws of the Surviving Corporation
until thereafter amended as provided by Law, the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and such By-laws.
Section 1.5 Directors and
Officers . The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate
of Incorporation and By-laws of the Surviving Corporation, and the
officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each
case until their respective successors are duly elected or
appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation
or removal.
ARTICLE II
EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES;
EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
Section 2.1 Conversion of
Securities . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the Company or the
holders of any of the following securities
(a) each
Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time (other than any Shares to be canceled pursuant to
Section 2.1(b) and any Dissenting Shares (as defined below))
shall be canceled and shall be converted automatically into the
right to receive an amount equal to the Merger Consideration
payable, without interest, to the holder of such Share, upon
surrender, in the manner provided in Section 2.4, of the
certificate that formerly evidenced such Share;
(b) each
Share held in the treasury of the Company and each Share owned by
Merger Sub, Parent or any direct or indirect subsidiary of Parent
or of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
canceled without any conversion thereof and no payment or
distribution shall be made with respect thereto; and
(c) each
share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be converted into and exchanged for one validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation.
2
Section 2.2 Treatment of
Options and Other Equity Awards .
(a) The
Company has awarded stock options and restricted shares under
(i) the Company’s Director Stock Option Plan and
(ii) the Company’s Third Amended and Restated 1994 Stock
Incentive Plan (as amended through the date of this Agreement,
collectively referred to as the "Company Stock Plans"). Between the
date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the Company shall
take all necessary action (which action shall be effective as of
the Effective Time) subject to the terms of Section 2.2(b) to
(A) terminate the Company Stock Plans and (B) cancel, as
of the Effective Time, each outstanding option to purchase shares
of Company Common Stock granted under the Company Stock Plans
(each, a "Company Stock Option") that is outstanding and
unexercised, whether or not vested or exercisable, as of such date
(in each case, without the creation of additional liability to the
Company or any Subsidiary).
(b) As
of the Effective Time, each holder of a Company Stock Option
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be entitled to
receive an amount of cash, without interest, equal to the product
of (i) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock
subject to such Company Stock Option multiplied by (ii) the
excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price
per share of such Company Stock Option (with the aggregate amount
of such payment to the holder to be rounded to the nearest cent),
less applicable withholding taxes, if any, required to be withheld
with respect to such payment. No holder of a Company Stock Option
that has an exercise price per Share that is equal to or greater
than the Merger Consideration shall be entitled to any payment with
respect to such cancelled Company Stock Option before or after the
Effective Time.
(c) As
of the Effective Time, each outstanding share of restricted Company
Common Stock granted under the Company Stock Plans (each, a
"Company Restricted Stock Award"), the restrictions of which have
not lapsed immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall become
fully vested and the holder thereof shall be entitled to receive an
amount in cash, without interest, equal to the Merger
Consideration, less applicable withholding taxes, if any, required
to be withheld with respect to such payment.
(d) If
between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, the
outstanding shares of the Company shall have been increased,
decreased, changed into or exchanged for a different number or kind
of shares of securities as a result of a reorganization,
recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split,
reverse stock split, or other similar change in capitalization, an
appropriate and proportionate adjustment shall be made to the
Merger Consideration.
Section 2.3 Dissenting
Shares .
(a) Notwithstanding
any provision of this Agreement to the contrary and to the extent
available under the DGCL, Shares that are outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time and that are held by stockholders who
shall have neither voted in favor of the Merger nor consented
thereto in writing and who shall have demanded properly in writing
appraisal for such Shares in accordance with Section 262 of
the DGCL (collectively, the "Dissenting Shares") shall not be
converted into, or represent the right to receive, the Merger
Consideration. Such stockholders shall be entitled to receive
payment of the appraised value of
3
such Shares held by them in accordance with the provisions of
such Section 262, except that all Dissenting Shares held by
stockholders who shall have failed to perfect or who effectively
shall have withdrawn or lost their rights to appraisal of such
Shares under such Section 262 shall thereupon be deemed to
have been converted into, and to have become exchangeable for, as
of the Effective Time, the right to receive the Merger
Consideration, without any interest thereon, upon surrender, in the
manner provided in Section 2.4, of the certificate or
certificates that formerly evidenced such Shares.
(b) The
Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any demands for
appraisal received by the Company, withdrawals of such demands, and
any other instruments served pursuant to the DGCL and received by
the Company and (ii) the opportunity to direct all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to demands for appraisal
under the DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior
written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect to any
demands for appraisal or offer to settle or settle any such
demands.
Section 2.4 Surrender of
Shares; Stock Transfer Books .
(a) Prior
to the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall designate a bank or trust
company to act as agent (the "Exchange Agent") for the holders of
Shares to receive the funds to which holders of Shares shall become
entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(a) and shall deposit with the
Exchange Agent cash in an amount sufficient to pay the aggregate
Merger Consideration (such cash being hereinafter referred to as
the "Exchange Fund"). The Exchange Fund shall be invested by the
Exchange Agent as directed by the Surviving Corporation. As soon as
reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, the Exchange
Agent, pursuant to irrevocable instructions, shall deliver the
aggregate Merger Consideration to be paid pursuant to
Section 2.1(a) out of the Exchange Fund. The Exchange Fund
shall not be used for any other purpose.
(b) Promptly
after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall cause to
be mailed to each person who was, at the Effective Time, a holder
of record of Shares entitled to receive the Merger Consideration
pursuant to Section 2.1(a) a form of letter of transmittal
(which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of
loss and title to the certificates evidencing such Shares (the
"Certificates") shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the
Certificates to the Exchange Agent) and instructions for use in
effecting the surrender of the Certificates pursuant to such letter
of transmittal. Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of a
Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal, duly
completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions
thereto, and such other documents as may be required pursuant to
such instructions, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled
to receive in exchange therefor the Merger Consideration for each
Share formerly evidenced by such Certificate, and such Certificate
shall then be canceled. No interest shall accrue or be paid on the
Merger Consideration payable upon the surrender of any Certificate
for the benefit of the holder of such Certificate. If the payment
equal to the Merger Consideration is to be made to a person other
than the person in whose name the surrendered certificate formerly
evidencing Shares is registered on the stock transfer books of the
Company, it shall be a condition of payment that the certificate so
surrendered shall be endorsed properly or otherwise be in proper
form for transfer and that the person requesting such payment shall
have paid all transfer and other taxes required by reason of the
payment of the Merger Consideration to a person other than the
registered
4
holder of the certificate surrendered, or shall have established
to the satisfaction of Merger Sub that such taxes either have been
paid or are not applicable. If any holder of Shares is unable to
surrender such holder’s Certificates because such
Certificates have been lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed, such
holder may deliver in lieu thereof an affidavit and indemnity bond
in form and substance and with surety reasonably satisfactory to
the Surviving Corporation. Each of Parent, Merger Sub, the
Surviving Corporation and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to
deduct and withhold from any amounts otherwise payable pursuant to
this Agreement in respect of Shares such amount as it is required
to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment
under the Code or any applicable Tax Law. To the extent that
amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall be treated for
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the
Shares in respect of which such deduction and withholding was
made.
(c) At
any time following the first anniversary of the Effective Time, the
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to require the Exchange
Agent to deliver to it any funds which had been made available to
the Exchange Agent and not disbursed to holders of Shares
(including, without limitation, all interest and other income
received by the Exchange Agent in respect of all funds made
available to it), and, thereafter, such holders shall be entitled
to look to the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned
property, escheat and other similar laws) only as general creditors
thereof with respect to any Merger Consideration that may be
payable upon due surrender of the Certificates held by them.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Surviving Corporation
nor the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any holder of a Share for
any Merger Consideration delivered in respect of such Share to a
public official pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or
other similar law.
(d) At
the close of business on the day of the Effective Time, the stock
transfer books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there
shall be no further registration of transfers of Shares on the
records of the Company. From and after the Effective Time, the
holders of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares
except as otherwise provided herein or by applicable Law.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
As an inducement to Parent and
Merger Sub to enter into this Agreement, the Company hereby
represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that:
Section 3.1 Organization
and Qualification; Subsidiaries .
(a) Each
of the Company and each subsidiary of the Company (each a
"Subsidiary") is a corporation, limited liability company or other
entity duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and has the requisite
power and authority and all necessary governmental approvals to
own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business
as it is now being conducted. Each of the Company and each
Subsidiary is duly qualified or licensed as a foreign corporation,
limited liability company or limited partnership to do business,
and is in good standing, in each jurisdiction where the character
of the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of
its business makes such qualification or licensing necessary,
except for such failures to be so
5
qualified or licensed and in good standing that would not have a
Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) A
true and complete list of all the Subsidiaries, together with the
jurisdiction of formation of each Subsidiary, the other
jurisdictions in which it is authorized to do business, and the
percentage of the outstanding equity interests of each Subsidiary
owned by the Company, each other Subsidiary and each other holder
of equity, is set forth in Section 3.1(b) of the company
disclosure schedule (the "Company Disclosure Schedule"). Except as
disclosed in Section 3.1(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company does not directly or indirectly own any
equity or similar interest in, or any interest convertible into or
exchangeable or exercisable for any equity or similar interest in,
any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other business
association or entity.
Section 3.2 Certificate of
Incorporation and By-laws . The Certificates of Incorporation,
By-laws or equivalent organizational documents of the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries have been made available to Parent and are
in full force and effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is
in violation of any of the provisions of its Certificate of
Incorporation or By-laws or equivalent organizational
documents.
Section 3.3
Capitalization .
(a) The
authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
(i) 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share ("Company Common Stock") and (ii) 2,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Company Preferred
Stock"). As of December 19 2006, (i) 24,975,250 Shares are
issued and outstanding, all of which are validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable (of which 770,925 Shares are issued as Company
Restricted Stock Awards), (ii) 664,473 Shares are held in the
treasury of the Company and (iii) 3,917,235 Shares are
reserved for future issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Stock
Options and other rights (together with the Company Restricted
Stock Awards, the "Company Stock Awards") granted pursuant to the
Company Stock Plans. At the Closing, the aggregate number of issued
and outstanding Shares and Shares issuable upon exercise of
outstanding Company Stock Options shall be equal to or less than
the aggregate number of issued and outstanding Shares and Shares
issuable upon exercise of outstanding Company Stock Options set
forth above in this Section 3.3(a). As of the date of this
Agreement, no shares of Company Preferred Stock are issued and
outstanding. Except as set forth in this Section 3.3 or in
Section 3.3(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are
no options, warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or
commitments of any character that are binding on the Company or any
Subsidiary and that relate to the issued or unissued capital stock
of the Company or any Subsidiary or that obligate the Company or
any Subsidiary to issue or sell any shares of capital stock of, or
other equity interests in, the Company or any Subsidiary.
Section 3.3(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth
the following information with respect to each Company Stock Award
outstanding as of the December 19, 2006: (i) the name of
the Company Stock Award recipient; (ii) the number of Shares
subject to such Company Stock Award; (iii) the exercise or
purchase price of such Company Stock Award; (iv) the date on
which such Company Stock Award was granted; and (v) whether
the exercisability of or right to repurchase of such Company Stock
Award will not be accelerated in any way by the Merger, and
indicates the extent of acceleration. All Shares subject to
issuance as set forth in this Section 3.3, upon
6
issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the
instruments pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. There are
no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or any
Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Shares or
any capital stock of any Subsidiary or to provide funds to, or make
any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or
otherwise) in, any Subsidiary or any other person. Except as
reflected in the Company Stock Plans or as set forth in
Section 3.3(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are
no commitments or agreements of any character to which the Company
is bound obligating the Company to accelerate the vesting of any
Company Stock Award as a result of the Merger. All outstanding
Shares, all outstanding Company Stock Awards, and all outstanding
shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary have been issued and
granted in compliance in all respects with (i) all applicable
securities laws and other applicable Laws and (ii) all
requirements set forth in applicable contracts.
(b) Each
outstanding share of capital stock of each Subsidiary is duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and,
except as set forth in Section 3.3(b) to the Company
Disclosure Schedule, each share that is owned directly or
indirectly by the Company is owned by the Company or another
Subsidiary free and clear of all security interests, liens, claims,
pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements, limitations
on the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s voting rights,
charges and other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever.
Section 3.4 Authority
Relative to the Merger . The Company has all necessary
corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this
Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate
the Merger. The execution and delivery by the Company of this
Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the Merger have
been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action,
and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Merger
(other than the approval and adoption of this Agreement by the
holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Company
Common Stock and the filing and recordation of appropriate merger
documents as required by the DGCL). This Agreement has been duly
and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the
due authorization, execution and delivery by the other parties
thereto, constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar Laws affecting
creditors’ rights generally and subject to the effect of
general principles of equity (regardless of whether considered in a
proceeding at law or in equity). The Board of Directors of the
Company (the "Company Board"), at a meeting duly called and held,
has (i) approved, adopted and declared advisable this Agreement and
the Merger (such approval and adoption having been made in
accordance with the DGCL), (ii) approved the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation by
the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the
Merger; (iii) determined that this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby are in the best interests of the
Company and the holders of the Shares, and (iv) resolved,
subject to Section 6.4(c), to recommend that the holders of
Shares approve and adopt this Agreement and the Merger. No state
anti-takeover statute is applicable to the Merger.
7
Section 3.5 No Conflict;
Required Filings and Consents .
(a) The
execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement do not, and
the performance by the Company of this Agreement will not,
(i) conflict with or violate the Certificate of Incorporation
or By-laws of the Company or any Subsidiary or (ii) assuming
that all consents, approvals, authorizations and other actions
described in Section 3.5(b) have been obtained or taken and
all filings and obligations described in Section 3.5(b) have
been made or fulfilled, conflict with or violate any statute, law,
ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction,
judgment, decree or other order ("Law") applicable to the Company
or any Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is bound or affected.
(b) Except
as set forth in Section 3.5(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the execution and delivery by the Company of this
Agreement does not, and the performance by the Company of this
Agreement will not, require any material consent, approval,
authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any
United States federal, state, county or local or non-United States
government, governmental, regulatory or administrative authority,
agency, instrumentality or commission or any court, tribunal, or
judicial or arbitral body (a "Governmental Authority"), except for
(i) the pre-merger notification requirements of the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the "HSR
Act"), (ii) any applicable requirements of the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and state takeover
laws, and (iii) the filing and recordation of appropriate
merger documents as required by the DGCL.
Section 3.6 Permits;
Compliance .
(a) Except
as set forth in Section 3.6(a) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is in possession
of all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits,
easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates, approvals
and orders of any Governmental Authority, in each case that are
material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole,
necessary for each of the Company or the Subsidiaries to own, lease
and operate its properties or to carry on its business as it is now
being conducted (the "Company Permits"). No suspension or
cancellation of any of the Company Permits is pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(b) Each
of the Company and its Subsidiaries is in compliance in all
material respects with (i) all Laws applicable to the Company
or each such Subsidiary or by which any property or asset of the
Company or each such Subsidiary is bound or affected, or
(ii) all notes, bonds, mortgages, indentures, contracts,
agreements, leases, licenses, Company Permits, franchises or other
instruments or obligations to which the Company or each such
Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or each such
Subsidiary or any property or asset of the Company or each such
Subsidiary is bound. Except as set forth in Section 3.6(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no proceedings pending,
or to the knowledge of the Company threatened before or by any
Governmental Authority or any pending, or to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened inquiries or investigations by any Governmental
Authority, with respect to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
8
(c) None
of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any director, officer,
agent, or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has
directly or indirectly (i) made any contribution, gift, bribe,
rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback, or other payment to
any person, private or public, regardless of form, whether in
money, property, or services (A) to obtain favorable treatment
in securing business, (B) to pay for favorable treatment for
business secured, (C) to obtain special concessions or for
special concessions already obtained, for or in respect of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (D) in violation of
Laws, or (ii) established or maintained any fund or asset that
has not been recorded in the books and records of the Company or
its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.7 SEC Filings;
Financial Statements .
(a) The
Company has filed or furnished, as the case may be, all forms,
reports and documents required to be filed or furnished by it with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") since
January 31, 2004 (such forms, reports and other documents,
collectively, the "Company SEC Reports"). The Company SEC Reports
(i) were prepared in accordance in all material respects with
either the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act,
as the case may be, and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder and (ii) did not, at the time they were filed, or,
if amended or supplemented, as of the date of such amendment or
supplement, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. There are
no outstanding comment letters or requests for information from the
SEC with respect to any Company SEC Report. No Subsidiary is
required to file any form, report or other document with the
SEC.
(b) Each
of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case,
any notes thereto) contained in the Company SEC Reports was
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted
accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on a consistent basis
throughout the periods indicated (except as may be indicated in the
notes thereto or, in the case of unaudited interim statements, the
omission of footnotes and otherwise as permitted by Form 10-Q of
the SEC) and each fairly presents, in all material respects, the
consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash
flows of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the
respective dates thereof and for the respective periods indicated
therein, except as otherwise noted therein.
(c) Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary has any liability or obligation of
any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise)
that would be required to be reflected, reserved for or disclosed
in a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries, including the notes thereto, prepared as of the date
of this Agreement in accordance with GAAP and consistent with the
consolidated balance sheet of the Company and the consolidated
Subsidiaries as at January 31, 2006, including the notes
thereto (the "Latest Balance Sheet"), except for
(i) liabilities and obligations that are reflected, reserved
for or disclosed in the Latest Balance Sheet or in the consolidated
balance sheet of the Company and the consolidated Subsidiaries as
at October 31, 2006, including the notes thereto,
(ii) liabilities and obligations that are incurred in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since
January 31, 2006, (iii) liabilities and obligations that have
not had, or which would not
9
reasonably be expected to have either individually or in the
aggregate a Company Material Adverse Effect, or (iv) as set
forth in Section 3.7(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule.
(d) The
Company has timely filed all certifications and statements required
by (x) Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under the Exchange
Act or (y) 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) with respect to any Company SEC
Report. The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures
required by Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange
Act; such controls and procedures are designed to ensure and are
effective to provide reasonable assurance that all material
information concerning the Company and its Subsidiaries is made
known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the
preparation of the Company’s SEC filings and other public
disclosure documents. As used in this Section 3.7, the term
"file" shall be broadly construed to include any manner in which a
document or information is furnished, supplied or otherwise made
available to the SEC.
(e) The
Company has disclosed, based on prior evaluations of such
disclosure controls and procedures prior to the date hereof, to the
Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company
Board (i) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses
in the design or operation of internal controls over financial
reporting that could adversely affect in any material respect the
Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information, and (ii) any fraud, whether or not
material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the Company’s internal controls over
financial reporting. The Company has made available to Parent a
summary of any such disclosure by management to the Company’s
auditors and audit committee since the Latest Balance Sheet.
(f) The
Company has never incurred and does not reasonably expect to incur
a charge to earnings due to the failure to report in the
appropriate fiscal period the expense related to the issuance of a
stock option with an exercise price lower than the fair market
value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. The Company
does not have any program or practice in place to (i) time
stock option grants to employees or directors with the release of
material non-public information in a manner intended to improperly
favor employees or directors or (ii) set the exercise prices
in coordination with such release in a manner intended to
improperly favor employees or directors.
Section 3.8 Absence of
Certain Changes or Events . Since October 31, 2006, except
as set forth in Section 3.8 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, or as expressly contemplated by this Agreement,
(a) the Company and the Subsidiaries have conducted their
businesses only in the ordinary course and in a manner consistent
with past practice, (b) there has not been any Company
Material Adverse Effect, and (c) none of the Company or any
Subsidiary has taken any action that, if taken after the date of
this Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of the covenants
set forth in Section 5.1.
Section 3.9 Absence of
Litigation . Except as set forth in the Company SEC Reports or
in Section 3.9 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no
litigation, suit, claim, action, proceeding or investigation (which
investigation has been communicated to the Company or of which the
Company has knowledge) (an "Action") pending or, to the knowledge
of the Company, threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary,
or any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary, before
any Governmental Authority. Except as set forth in Section
10
3.9 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary nor any property or asset of the Company or any
Subsidiary is subject to any continuing order of, consent decree,
settlement agreement or other similar written agreement (an
"Order") with, or, to the knowledge of the Company, continuing
investigation by, any Governmental Authority, or any order, writ,
judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any
Governmental Authority.
Section 3.10 Employee
Benefit Plans .
(a) Section 3.10(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all employee benefit plans
(as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")) and all bonus, stock
option, stock purchase, restricted stock, incentive, deferred
compensation, retiree medical or life insurance, supplemental
retirement, severance or other benefit plans, programs or
arrangements, and all employment, retention, termination, severance
or other contracts or agreements, whether legally enforceable or
not, to which the Company or any organization or other entity with
whom the Company is or was treated as a single employer under
Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or
Section 4001(a)(14) or (b)(1) of ERISA ("ERISA Affiliate") is
a party, with respect to which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
has any obligation or which are or within the six years prior to
the date upon which the transactions contemplated in this Agreement
will close, have been maintained, contributed to or sponsored by
the Company or any ERISA Affiliate for the benefit of any current
or former employee, officer or director of the Company or any ERISA
Affiliate (collectively, the "Plans"). Except as disclosed in
Section 3.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither
the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has any express or implied
commitment, whether legally enforceable or not, (i) to create,
incur liability with respect to or cause to exist any Plan, other
employee benefit plan, program or arrangement, (ii) to enter
into any contract or agreement to provide compensation or benefits
to any individual, or (iii) to modify, change or terminate any
Plan, other than with respect to a modification, change or
termination required by this Agreement, the Merger, ERISA, the Code
or to otherwise comply with applicable Laws. The Company has
expressly reserved its right to amend or terminate each Plan.
(b) Neither
the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate (including any entity that
during the past six years was a ERISA Affiliate) has now or at any
time contributed to, sponsored, or maintained (i) a pension
plan (within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA) subject to
Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA, (ii) a
multiemployer plan (within the meaning of Section 3(37) or
4001(a)(3) of ERISA) (a "Multiemployer Plan"), or (iii) a
single employer pension plan (within the meaning of
Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) for which the Company or any
ERISA Affiliate could incur liability under Section 4063 or
4064 of ERISA (a "Multiple Employer Plan"). No condition exists and
no event has occurred that could constitute grounds for termination
of any Plan, and neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has
incurred, or reasonably expect to incur, any material liability
under Title IV of ERISA arising in connection with the termination
of, or complete or partial withdrawal from, any plan covered or
previously covered by Title IV of ERISA. No "accumulated funding
deficiency," as defined in Section 412 of the Code, has been
incurred with respect to any Employee Plan, whether or not waived.
No "reportable event," within the meaning of Section 4043 of
ERISA, and no event described in Section 4041, 4042, 4062 or
4063 of ERISA has occurred in connection with any
11
Employee Plan. Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Plan exists that
(A) provides for the payment of separation, severance,
termination or similar-type benefits to any person,
(B) obligates the Company or any ERISA Affiliate to pay
separation, severance, termination or similar-type benefits solely
or partially as a result of any transaction contemplated by this
Agreement, or (C) could result in the payment to any present
or former employee, director or consultant of the Company or any
ERISA Affiliate of any money or other property or accelerate or
provide any other special vesting or other rights or benefits to
any current or former employee of the Company or any ERISA
Affiliate as a result of the consummation of the Merger (whether
alone or in connection with any subsequent event). Except as
disclosed in Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, there is no contract, plan or arrangement covering any
current or former employee of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate
that, individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment
of any amount that would not be deductible, including without
limitation, pursuant to the terms of Section 280G of the Code.
Except to the extent required under ERISA Section 601 et.
seq . and Code Section 4980B, none of the Plans provides
for or promises medical, group health, disability or retiree life
insurance benefits for a period following retirement or other
termination of employment to any current or former employee,
officer or director of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate. Except
as disclosed in Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, each of the Plans is subject only to the Laws of the
United States or a political subdivision thereof.
(c) Except
as disclosed in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, each Plan has been operated in all material respects in
accordance with its terms and the requirements of all applicable
Laws including, without limitation, ERISA and the Code. Except as
disclosed in Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
the Company and the Subsidiaries have performed all material
obligations required to be performed by them under, and are not in
default in any material respect under or in violation of any Plan.
No Action is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company,
threatened with respect to any Plan (other than routine claims for
benefits in the ordinary course) and except as disclosed in
Section 3.10(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, none of
the Company or its Subsidiaries have any knowledge of any fact or
event that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any such
Action. Except as disclosed in Section 3.10(c) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, no material operational or plan failure
(within the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2003-44) exists with respect to
any Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of
the Code.
(d) Each
Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the
Code has timely received a favorable determination letter or
prototype opinion letter upon which the plan sponsor is entitled to
rely from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") that the Plan is
so qualified and each trust established in connection with any Plan
which is intended to be exempt from federal income taxation under
Section 501(a) of the Code is so exempt, and no fact or event
exists that could reasonably be expected to result in the
revocation of such qualification or exemption.
(e) None
of the Company or its Subsidiaries has any knowledge of any
prohibited transaction (within the meaning of Section 406 of
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) with respect to any
Plan.
12
(f) All
contributions, premiums or payments required to be made with
respect to any Plan have been made on or before their due dates.
All such contributions have been fully deducted for income tax
purposes and no such deduction has been challenged or disallowed by
any Governmental Authority and, to the knowledge of the Company, no
fact or event exists which could reasonably be expected to give
rise to any such challenge or disallowance. All contributions and
contribution obligations have been reflected on the most recent
financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC
Reports.
(g) The
Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with the
requirements of the Workers Adjustment and Retraining Notification
Act and any similar state or local law (the "WARN Act") and have no
liabilities pursuant to the WARN Act determined without regard to
any terminations of employment that occur on or after the Effective
Time. Except as set forth in Section 3.10(g) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, the Company has complied with all reporting
and disclosure obligation to all Governmental Authority and all
participants and beneficiaries with respect to each Plan required
by the terms of such Plan and any statutes, orders, rules or
regulations, including but not limited to ERISA, the Code and the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(h) Except
as set forth in Schedule 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, with respect to the Plans which are "group health plans"
under Section 4980B of the Code or Section 607(1) of
ERISA, there has been timely compliance in all material respects
with all requirements imposed under Section 4980(B) of the
Code and Part 6 of Title 1 of ERISA, so that neither the
Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has any (and will not incur
any) loss, assessment, tax penalty, or other sanction with respect
to any such Plan. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.10(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, with respect to the
Company’s Plans which are "group health plans" under
Section 9832 of the Code or Section 733 of ERISA, such
Plans have been maintained in compliance in all material respects
with all requirements imposed under Subtitle K of the Code and
Part 7 of Title 1 of ERISA, so that neither the Company nor
any of its ERISA Affiliates has any (and will not incur any) loss,
assessment, tax penalty, or other sanction with respect to any
Plan. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.10(b) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, if the Company or any of its Plans are treated
as a "covered entity" under the Privacy and Security Standards at
45 CFR Parts 160 through 164, such covered entities have complied
in all material respects with such standards beginning with the
effective date of such standards to such covered entities.
(i) The
Company and all ERISA Affiliates have complied with Code
Section 409A, including all transitional guidance from the
Internal Revenue Service, with respect to any interest granted or
awarded pursuant to a Plan that is a nonqualified deferred
compensation plan (as defined in Code Section 409A(d)(1)), and
no person had a legally binding right to an amount under such a
nonqualified deferred compensation plan, which would subject such
person to the taxes imposed by Code Section 409A.
(j) In
addition to the foregoing, with respect to each Plan listed in
Section 3.10(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule that is not
subject to United States law (a "Non-U.S. Benefit Plan"), and
except as disclosed in Section 3.10(h) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule:
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(i) all employer and employee
contributions to each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan required by law or by
the terms of such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan or under any agreement
between such employer and employee relating thereto have been made,
or, if applicable, accrued in accordance with normal accounting
practices;
(ii) the fair market value of the
assets of each funded Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, the liability of each
insurer for any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan funded through insurance or
the book reserve established for any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan,
together with any accrued contributions, is sufficient to procure
or provide for the benefits determined as if such plan is
maintained on an ongoing basis (actual or contingent) accrued to
the date of this Agreement with respect to all current and former
participants under such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan according to the
actuarial assumptions and valuations most recently used to
determine employer contributions to such Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, and
no Transaction shall cause such assets or insurance obligations to
be less than such benefit obligations; and
(iii) each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary required to be
registered or approved has been registered or approved and has been
maintained and administered in good standing with applicable
regulatory authorities. Each Non-U.S. Benefit Plan has been
operated in material compliance with all applicable non-United
States Laws.
(iv) The Company or a Subsidiary
may unilaterally amend or terminate any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
(subject to the requirements of applicable Laws) and no commitments
to improve or otherwise amend any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan has been
made.
(v) Except as set forth in
Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan exists that could result in (A) the
payment to any employee or former employee of any money or other
remuneration; (B) accelerated or increased funding
requirements for any Non-U.S. Benefit Plan; or (C) the
acceleration or provision of any increased rights or benefits to
any employee as a result of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. !
(vi) Except as set forth in
Section 3.10(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no
employee whose employment is governed by the laws of a country
other than the U.S. has any agreement as to length of notice or
severance pay required to terminate his employment except as
results from the application of relevant laws.
(vii) There have been no
resignations or redundancy dismissals or, to the knowledge of the
Company, any threats of resignation, of any of the employees
employed in France by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries (the
French Employees") (A) that have occurred in the six
(6) months prior to the date hereof or (B) that will have
occurred from the date hereof through the Closing that would be
reasonably expected to materially and adversely affect the business
of the Company and its Subsidiaries. There is no written or oral
employment agreement with French Employees which may not be
terminated by the Company by the giving of three months’
notice or less, or which may give rise to any indemnity payment
payable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
14
(other than those provided by the applicable statute,
regulations and any collective bargaining agreement). The Company
has complied in all material respects with mandatory statutory
provisions, regulations, collective agreements, collective accords
and judicial decisions concerning working conditions or relations
between the Company and its French Employees or any related
representative trade union. The Company pays no moneys in the way
of salary to persons who do not perform any real work for the
Company. With respect to the French Employees, the Company has no
optional retirement plan and has set up no system of participation,
intéressement, épargne entreprise, agreement to sell or
purchase securities, bonuses or commissions in favor of all or any
of its employees, except as provided under mandatory employee
participation schemes pursuant to statute and regulations. With
respect to the French Employees, the Company has not been found
liable in respect of the performance or termination of any contract
of employment for a period of five (5) years, and the Company
has no procedure relating to collective redundancy dismissals for
economic reasons. The Company has complied in all material respects
with statutory and regulatory provisions relating to employee
representative bodies and union sections for its French Employees.
As of the date of this Agreement, no significant industrial dispute
that would be reasonably expected to materially and adversely
affect the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries has
occurred concerning the French Employees in the course of the last
two (2) years and, as of Closing, no such matter has occurred
and remains uncured.
Section 3.11 Labor and
Employment Matters .
(a) Section 3.11(a)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists each employee of the
Company and the Subsidiaries as of December 15, 2006 and each
such employee’s current compensation as of such date and
designates as of such date each such employee by the correct
employer, job title and business division for which the employee
primarily performs services, whether such employee is on leave of
absence or layoff status, each employee’s vacation accrual,
and each employee’s service crediting date for purposes of
vesting and eligibility in its Employee Benefit Plans.
(b) Except
as set forth in Section 3.11(b) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a party to any
collective bargaining agreement or other labor union contract
applicable to persons employed by the Company or any Subsidiary,
nor, to the knowledge of the Company, are there any activities or
proceedings of any labor union to organize any such employees. As
of the date hereof, there are no unfair labor practice complaints
pending against the Company or any Subsidiary before the National
Labor Relations Board or any other Governmental Authority or any
current union representation questions involving employees of the
Company or any Subsidiary. As of the date hereof, there is no
strike, controversy, slowdown, work stoppage or lockout occurring,
or, to the knowledge of the Company, any threat thereof in writing,
by or with respect to any employees of the Company or any
Subsidiary.
(c) The
Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material
respects with all applicable Laws relating to the employment of
labor, including those related to wages, hours, immigration and
naturalization, collective bargaining and the payment and
withholding of taxes and other sums as required by the appropriate
Governmental Authority and
15
have withheld and paid to the appropriate Governmental Authority
or are holding for payment not yet due to such Governmental
Authority all amounts required to be withheld from employees of the
Company or any Subsidiary and are not liable for any arrears of
wages, taxes, penalties or other sums for failure to comply with
any of the foregoing. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is a
party to, or otherwise bound by, any consent decree with, or
citation by, any Governmental Authority relating to employees or
employment practices. Except as disclosed in Section 3.11(c)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there is no charge or
proceeding with respect to a violation of any occupational safety
or health standards asserted or pending with respect to the
Company. Except as disclosed in Section 3.11(c) of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, there is no charge of discrimination in
employment or employment practices, for any reason, including,
without limitation, age, gender, race, religion or other legally
protected category, which was asserted since January 1, 2006
or which, if asserted prior to January 1, 2006, remains
unresolved or pending before the United States Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission, or any other Governmental Authority in any
jurisdiction in which the Company or any Subsidiary has employed or
employ any person.
Section 3.12 Intellectual
Property .
(a) Section 3.12(a)(i)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list as of the date of this Agreement of all (i) patents and
patent applications in any jurisdiction, (ii) registrations
and applications for registration of trademarks in any
jurisdiction, unregistered trademarks used in connection with the
business of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as currently
conducted and trademark registrations which have been abandoned in
any jurisdiction, (iii) registrations and applications for
registration of copyrights in any jurisdiction, (iv) domain
name registrations in any jurisdiction, (v) all patentable
inventions that have not yet become the subject of a patent
application, but for which Company intends to file a patent
application, in each case, with respect to the foregoing in
subsections (i) through (v), as included in the definition of
Owned Intellectual Property. Section 3.12(a)(ii) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list as
of the date of this Agreement of all Licensed Intellectual Property
and, for each item of Licensed Intellectual Property embedded in
any Products, identifies the parties to which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, as applicable, have currently effective
agreements under which such Licensed Intellectual Property is
licensed to Company or a Subsidiary, information regarding
termination, expiration and renewal of such agreements, and any
royalties or fees payable in the future or on a recurring basis for
such licenses to such Licensed Intellectual Property.
Section 3.12(a)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists
the jurisdictions in which each such item of Owned Intellectual
Property has been issued or registered or in which any such
application for such issuance and or registration has been filed.
No Owned Intellectual Property is involved in any interference,
reissue, reexamination, opposition or cancellation proceeding. All
filing, examination, issuance, post registration and maintenance
fees, annuities and the like presently required with respect to any
of the Owned Intellectual Property have been paid. Except as set
forth in Section 3.12(a)(i) or (ii) of the Company Disclosure
Schedules, the Company and its Subsidiaries are not required,
obligated, or under any liability whatsoever, to make any payments
by way of royalties, fees or otherwise to any owner, licensor of,
or other claimant to any Owned Intellectual Property, Licensed
Intellectual Property embedded in any Products, or other third
party, with respect to its and their use thereof or in connection
with the conduct of the Company’s and Subsidiaries’
business as currently conducted; provided, however, that this
sentence shall not apply to any
16
such requirement, liability or obligation incurred after the
date of this Agreement by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in
the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice
so long as the Company provides prompt written notice to Parent and
Merger Sub of the incurrence by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of such requirement, liability or obligation. For
purposes of any Intellectual Property Licenses between Company or a
Subsidiary and any of the parties identified in
Section 3.12(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedules, no
party identified in Section 3.12(a)(ii) to the Company
Disclosure Schedule pursuant to which Company or a Subsidiary
licenses or is provided any Licensed Intellectual Property as
currently used in the ordinary course of Company’s or any
Subsidiary’s business as presently conducted or as
contemplated to be conducted (including, without limitation,
Licensed Intellectual Property embedded in any Products) or that
Company or a Subsidiary has licensed or granted a third party to
use such Licensed Intellectual Property has issued a written notice
of termination or non-renewal which remains uncured or has
terminated or non-renewed such agreement since December 21,
2005 and all other information provided in Section 3.12(a)(ii)
of the Company Disclosure Statements is accurate in all material
respects.
(b) The
Company or a Subsidiary (i) except as set forth in
Section 3.12(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedules, is the
exclusive owner of all right, title and interest in and to all
material Owned Intellectual Property (including, without
limitation, all Intellectual Property related to the Products and
Services), free and clear of any liens and (ii) except as set
forth in Section 3.12(b)(ii) of the Company Disclosure
Schedules, has a valid and continuing right to use all material
Licensed Intellectual Property as currently used and licensed in
the ordinary course of their business as presently conducted or as
contemplated to be conducted or as Company or a Subsidiary has
licensed or granted a third party to use such Licensed Intellectual
Property. Except as set forth in Section 3.12(b)(i) and
(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (1) all material
Owned Intellectual Property and all Intellectual Property Licenses
for any material Licensed Intellectual Property (including, without
limitation, such Licensed Intellectual Property embedded in any
Products) are subsisting, valid, and enforceable, and
(2) neither Company nor any Subsidiary is in material breach
or default of its obligations under any third party license or
other agreement with Company or a Subsidiary related to any
Licensed Intellectual Property, including, without limitation, all
restrictions required by the owner or licensor of such Licensed
Intellectual Property for Company’s or a Subsidiary’s
sublicense of such Licensed Intellectual Property. For purposes of
any Intellectual Property Licenses related to Licensed Intellectual
Property embedded in any Products, (1) no such Intellectual
Property Licenses are subject to unilateral non-renewal by a party
identified in Section 3.12(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure
Schedules within 180 days of the date of execution of this
Agreement, and (2) there are no material restrictive covenants
in such Intellectual Property Licenses other than those that
restrict the use of the Licensed Intellectual Property (including,
without limitation, any covenants of non-competition). Within
30 days of the execution of this Agreement, Company shall make
available to Parent all Intellectual Property Licenses applicable
to all Licensed Intellectual Property. Section 3.12(b)(iii) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list
as of the date of this Agreement of all parties to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, have currently
effective agreements pursuant to which Company or a Subsidiary has
granted a third party a right or license to sublicense, distribute,
resell, or provide any Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed
Intellectual Property to unaffiliated third parties or has granted
a right or license to act as a service bureau or outsource services
provider for unaffiliated third parties using any Owned
Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual
17
Property or has granted any exclusive licenses related to the
Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property.
Except as set forth in Section 3.12(b)(iii) of the Company
Disclosure Schedules,(1) no customer or licensee of the Company or
its Subsidiaries has any rights in any Owned Intellectual Property
(or any improvements thereto owned by Company or its Subsidiaries)
or Licensed Intellectual Property other than the non-exclusive,
limited licenses of certain Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed
Intellectual Property, (2) neither Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries have currently effective agreements pursuant to which
Company or a Subsidiary has granted a third party a right or
license to sublicense, distribute, resell, or provide any Owned
Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property to
unaffiliated third parties or has granted a right or license to act
as a service bureau or outsource services provider for unaffiliated
third parties using any Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed
Intellectual Property or has granted any exclusive licenses related
to the Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual
Property, and (3) the none of the agreements with the parties
identified in Section 3.12(b)(iii) has any obligations by Company
or any Subsidiary not to compete with such party and contains
terms. Within 30 days of the execution of this Agreement,
Company shall make available to Parent all agreements with any
parties identified in Section 3.12(b)(iii) of the Company
Disclosure Schedules.
(c) The
conduct by the Company and the Subsidiaries of their business as
currently conducted, the use of the Owned Intellectual Property and
Licensed Intellectual Property in connection therewith, the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ current business
practices, and the manufacturing, licensing, marketing,
importation, offer for sale, sale or use of any Products or
Services do not conflict with, infringe, misappropriate or
otherwise violate in any material respect the Intellectual Property
rights of any third party. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.12(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Actions
have been asserted or are pending or, to the Company’s
knowledge, threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary
(i) based upon or challenging or seeking to deny or restrict
the use by the Company or any Subsidiary of any of the Owned
Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property,
(ii) alleging that any services provided by, processes used
by, or products manufactured or sold by the Company or any
Subsidiary, or any use of the Owned Intellectual Property or
Licensed Intellectual Property infringe, misappropriate or
otherwise violate the intellectual property rights or contractual
rights of any third party, or (iii) alleging that the Licensed
Intellectual Property is being licensed or sublicensed by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries in conflict with the terms of
any license or other agreement. Except as disclosed in
Section 3.12(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no Owned
Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property is subject
to any outstanding decree, order, injunction, judgment or ruling
restricting the use of such Intellectual Property or that would
impair the validity or enforceability of such Intellectual
Property.
(d) To
the knowledge of the Company, except as disclosed in
Section 3.12(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no third
party is engaging in any activity that infringes, violates, misuses
or misappropriates any of the Owned Intellectual Property, and the
Company and its Subsidiaries have not made any such claim against
any person (including its and their employees and contractors and
former employees and contractors).
(e) The
Owned Intellectual Property and the Licensed Intellectual Property
constitute all of the Intellectual Property used or held for use in
the conduct of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as
presently conducted, and there are no other material items of
18
Intellectual Property that are used in the conduct of the
business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as presently
conducted. Except as disclosed in Section 3.12(e) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, the consummation of the Merger will
not result in the termination or impairment of any of the Owned
Intellectual Property or the right to use any of the Licensed
Intellectual Property or require the payment of additional
royalties or fees to third parties for the continued use of the
Licensed Intellectual Property as currently conducted by the
Company and the Subsidiaries.
(f) The
Company and the Subsidiaries have used reasonable commercial
efforts to maintain the confidentiality of the trade secrets and
other confidential Intellectual Property used or held for use by
the Company or the Subsidiaries, including, without limitation, the
Owned Intellectual Property, source code, customer lists, prospect
lists and marketing and business plans, and any other confidential
information. Except as set forth on Section 3.12(f) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, to the Company’s knowledge,
there have been no material wrongful disclosures by the Company or
any Subsidiary, or any current or former employee thereof, of any
trade secrets and other confidential Intellectual Property used or
held for use by the Company or the Subsidiaries. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the Company and the Subsidiaries
use a business practice of enforcing a policy requiring all
personnel and third parties having access to such trade secrets or
other confidential Intel
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