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Exhibit 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
dated as of
January 7, 2007
among
KLA-TENCOR CORPORATION,
FENWAY ACQUISITION CORPORATION
and
THERMA-WAVE, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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ARTICLE 1
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Definitions
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Section 1.01 . Definitions
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2
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Section 1.02 . Other Definitional and
Interpretative Provisions
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10
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ARTICLE 2
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The Offer
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Section 2.01. The Offer
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11
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Section 2.02. Company
Action
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13
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Section 2.03. Directors
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14
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Section 2.04 . Top Up
Option
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15
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ARTICLE 3
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The Merger
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Section 3.01. The Merger
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16
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Section 3.02. The Closing;
Effectiveness
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16
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Section 3.03. Conversion of
Shares
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17
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Section 3.04. Surrender and
Payment
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17
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Section 3.05. Dissenting
Shares
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19
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Section 3.06. Stock
Options
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19
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Section 3.07. Adjustments
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20
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Section 3.08. Withholding
Rights
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21
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Section 3.09. Lost
Certificates
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21
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ARTICLE 4
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The Surviving
Corporation
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Section 4.01. Certificate of
Incorporation
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21
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Section 4.02. Bylaws
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21
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Section 4.03. Directors and
Officers
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21
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ARTICLE 5
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Representations and Warranties of
the Company
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Section 5.01. Corporate Existence and
Power
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22
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Section 5.02. Corporate
Authorization
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22
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Section 5.03. Governmental
Authorization
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23
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Section 5.04.
Non-Contravention
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23
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Section 5.05.
Capitalization
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24
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i
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Page
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Section 5.06. Subsidiaries
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25
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Section 5.07. SEC Filings and the
Sarbanes Oxley Act
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26
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Section 5.08. Financial
Statements
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28
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Section 5.09. Disclosure
Documents
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29
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Section 5.10. Absence of Certain
Changes
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29
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Section 5.11 . No Undisclosed Material
Liabilities
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31
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Section 5.12. Compliance with Laws and
Court Orders
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31
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Section 5.13. Litigation
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31
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Section 5.14. Material
Contracts
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32
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Section 5.15. Finders’
Fees
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34
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Section 5.16. Intellectual
Property.
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34
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Section 5.17. Taxes
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38
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Section 5.18. Labor
Matters
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40
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Section 5.19. Employee Benefits
Matters .
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40
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Section 5.20. Environmental
Matters
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42
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Section 5.21. Antitakeover
Statutes
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43
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ARTICLE 6
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Representations and Warranties of
Parent
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Section 6.01. Corporate Existence and
Power
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44
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Section 6.02. Corporate
Authorization
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44
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Section 6.03. Governmental
Authorization
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44
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Section 6.04. HSR Act
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45
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Section 6.05.
Non-Contravention
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45
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Section 6.06. Disclosure
Documents
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45
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Section 6.07. Litigation
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46
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Section 6.08. Financing
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46
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ARTICLE 7
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Covenants of the
Company
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Section 7.01 . Conduct of the
Company
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46
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Section 7.02. Stockholder Meeting; Proxy
Material
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50
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Section 7.03. Access to
Information
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50
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Section 7.04. No Solicitation; Other
Offers
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50
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Section 7.05. Notices of Certain
Events
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54
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Section 7.06. Employee
Benefits.
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54
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Section 7.07. FIRPTA
Certification
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55
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Section 7.08. Indemnities
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55
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Section 7.09. Specified
Software
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56
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ii
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Page
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ARTICLE 8
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Covenants of Parent
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Section 8.01. Obligations of Merger
Subsidiary
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56
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Section 8.02. Voting of
Shares
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56
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Section 8.03. Director and Officer
Liability
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56
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Section 8.04 . Benefit Plan
Participation
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58
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Section 8.05. HSR Act
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58
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ARTICLE 9
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Covenants of Parent and the
Company
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Section 9.01. Reasonable Efforts
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58
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Section 9.02. Certain
Filings
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60
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Section 9.03. Public
Announcements
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60
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Section 9.04. Further
Assurances
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61
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Section 9.05. Merger Without Meeting of
Stockholders
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61
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ARTICLE 10
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Conditions to the
Merger
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Section 10.01. Conditions to the
Obligations of Each Party
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61
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ARTICLE 11
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Termination
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Section 11.01. Termination
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61
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Section 11.02. Effect of
Termination
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63
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ARTICLE 12
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Miscellaneous
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Section 12.01. Notices
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63
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Section 12.02. Survival of
Representations and Warranties
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64
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Section 12.03. Amendments and
Waivers
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64
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Section 12.04. Expenses
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65
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Section 12.05 . Disclosure
Schedule References
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66
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Section 12.06. Binding Effect; Benefit;
Assignment
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66
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Section 12.07. No Third Party
Beneficiaries
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67
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Section 12.08. Governing
Law
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67
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Section 12.09.
Jurisdiction
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67
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Section 12.10. WAIVER OF JURY
TRIAL
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67
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Section 12.11. Counterparts;
Effectiveness
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67
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Section 12.12. Entire
Agreement
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68
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Section 12.13.
Severability
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68
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iii
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Page
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Section 12.14. Specific
Performance
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68
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Annexes
Annex I — Conditions to the Offer
Annex II — Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation
Schedule
Schedule I — Company’s Knowledge
Exhibit
Exhibit A — Tender and Support Agreement
iv
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this
" Agreement ") dated as of January 7, 2007, among
KLA-Tencor Corporation, a Delaware corporation (" Parent "),
Fenway Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (" Merger Subsidiary "),
and Therma-Wave, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " Company
").
WHEREAS, it is proposed that
Merger Subsidiary will commence a tender offer (as it may be
amended from time to time in accordance with this Agreement, the "
Offer ") to acquire (i) all of the outstanding shares
of Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "
Company Shares "), at a price of $1.65 per share in cash,
net to the holder thereof (such amount, or any different amount per
share offered pursuant to the Offer in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement, the " Common Offer Price ") and
(ii) all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per
share (the " Series B Convertible Preferred Shares "
and, together with the Company Shares, the " Tender Shares
"), at a price of $1.65 per Company Share into which such
Series B Convertible Preferred Shares are then convertible on
the date of consummation of the Offer, in cash, net to the holder
thereof (such amount, or any different amount per share offered
pursuant to the offer in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement, the " Series B Offer Price " and, together
with the Common Offer Price, the " Offer Price "), each on
the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, it is also proposed that,
following the consummation of the Offer, Merger Subsidiary will
merge with and into the Company, with the Company surviving the
merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, and each share that
is not tendered and accepted pursuant to the Offer will thereupon
be cancelled and converted into the right to receive cash in an
amount equal to the Offer Price, on the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of
each of the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary have approved
this Agreement and deem it advisable and in the best interests of
their respective stockholders to consummate the Offer, the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated hereby, on the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth herein; and
WHEREAS, concurrently with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, and as a condition and
inducement to Parent’s and Merger Subsidiary’s
willingness to enter into this Agreement, the directors and
executive officers of the Company and certain stockholders of the
Company have agreed to tender their Tender Shares pursuant to the
Tender and Support Agreement substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit A (the " Tender and Support Agreement
").
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the foregoing and the respective representations, warranties,
covenants and agreements set forth below, the parties hereto agree
as follows:
ARTICLE 1
Definitions
Section 1.01 .
Definitions. (a) As used herein, the following terms have
the following meanings:
" Acquisition Proposal "
means, other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
any Third-Party offer, proposal or inquiry relating to, or any
Third-Party indication of interest in, (i) any acquisition or
purchase, direct or indirect, of 20% or more of the consolidated
assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any equity or voting
securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries whose assets,
individually or in the aggregate, constitute 20% or more of the
consolidated assets of the Company, which equity or voting
securities constitute 20% or more of the voting power of all of the
equity and voting securities of the Company or such Subsidiary,
(ii) any takeover bid, tender offer (including a self-tender
offer) or exchange offer that, if consummated, would result in any
Third Party beneficially owning any equity or voting securities of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries whose assets, individually
or in the aggregate, constitute 20% or more of the consolidated
assets of the Company, which equity or voting securities constitute
20% or more of the voting power of all of the equity and voting
securities of the Company or such Subsidiary, (iii) a merger,
amalgamation, consolidation, share exchange, business combination,
reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction
involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries whose assets,
individually or in the aggregate, constitute 20% or more of the
consolidated assets of the Company as a result of which the holders
of the Company’s or such Subsidiary’s equity or voting
securities immediately prior to such transaction will hold less
than 80% of the voting power of the Company or such Subsidiary (or
other surviving or resulting entity, as applicable) immediately
after the transaction or (iv) a sale of substantially all the
assets, liquidation, dissolution or other similar transaction of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries whose assets, individually
or in the aggregate, constitute 20% or more of the consolidated
assets of the Company.
" Affiliate " means, with
respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly
controlling, controlled by or under common control with such
Person. As used in this definition, the term "control" (including
the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control
with") means possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to
direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a
Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
contract or otherwise.
2
" Applicable Competition
Law " means (i) the HSR Act and (ii) any Applicable
Law analogous to the HSR Act or otherwise regulating antitrust,
competition or merger control matters in one or more foreign
jurisdictions.
" Applicable Law " means,
with respect to any Person, any international, national, federal,
state or local law (statutory, common or otherwise), constitution,
treaty, convention, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, order,
injunction, judgment, judicial decision, decree, ruling or other
similar requirement or restriction enacted, adopted, promulgated or
applied by a Governmental Authority that is binding upon or
applicable to such Person, as amended unless expressly specified
otherwise.
" Business Day " means a
day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial
banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by
Applicable Law to close.
" Code " means the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
" Company Balance Sheet "
means the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of
March 31, 2006 and the footnotes thereto set forth in the
Company 10-K.
" Company Balance Sheet
Date " means March 31, 2006.
" Company Convertible
Security " means (i) the Series B Convertible
Preferred Shares, (ii) any options (including, without
limitation, Company Stock Options), warrants, stock appreciation
rights, convertible promissory notes or other securities
convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for Company Shares
and/or the Series B Convertible Preferred Shares and
(iii) any other conversion or exchange right or other right or
agreement to purchase, redeem, repurchase or otherwise acquire any
equity or equity-linked security of the Company.
" Company Disclosure
Schedule " means the disclosure schedule dated the date of this
Agreement regarding this Agreement that has been provided by the
Company to Parent and Merger Subsidiary.
" Company Equity Plan "
means any of the Company’s (i) 1997 Stock Purchase and
Option Plan, (ii) 1997 Employee Stock Purchase and Option Plan,
(iii) 1997 Special Employee Stock Purchase and Option Plan and
(iv) 2000 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.
" Company Stock Option "
means any option to purchase the Company Shares granted under a
Company Equity Plan.
3
" Company 10-K " means the
Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended April 2, 2006.
" Contract " means any
written or oral contract, agreement, note, bond, indenture,
mortgage, guarantee, option, lease, license, sales or purchase
order, warranty, commitment or other instrument, obligation or
binding arrangement or understanding of any kind.
" Delaware Law " means the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
" Environmental Laws "
means any Applicable Law or any agreement with any Governmental
Authority or other third party relating to human health and safety,
protection of the indoor or outdoor environment or to Hazardous
Substances.
" Environmental Permits "
means all permits, licenses, franchises, certificates, approvals
and other similar authorizations of any Governmental Authority
relating to or required by Environmental Laws and affecting, or
relating to, the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
as currently conducted.
" ERISA " means the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.
" ERISA Affiliate " of any
entity means any other entity that, together with such entity,
would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the
Code.
" GAAP " means generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States.
" Governmental Authority "
means (i) any government or any state, department, local
authority or other political subdivision thereof, (ii) any
governmental body, agency, authority (including any central bank,
taxing authority or transgovernmental or supranational entity or
authority), minister or instrumentality (including any court or
tribunal) exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory
or administrative functions of or pertaining to government, or
(iii) the Nasdaq.
" Hazardous Substance "
means any pollutant, contaminant, waste or chemical or any toxic,
radioactive, ignitable, corrosive, reactive or otherwise hazardous
substance, waste or material, including petroleum, its derivatives,
by-products and other hydrocarbons, or any other substance, waste
or material regulated under any Environmental Law.
" HSR Act " means the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.
4
" Indebtedness " means,
collectively, any (i) indebtedness for borrowed money,
(ii) indebtedness evidenced by any bond, debenture, note,
mortgage, indenture or other debt instrument or debt security,
(iii) amounts owing as deferred purchase price for the
purchase of any property or (iv) guarantees with respect to any
indebtedness or obligation of a type described in clauses (i)
through (iii) above of any other Person.
" Intellectual Property
Rights " means (i) patents and patent applications
(including all reissues, divisions, continuations,
continuations-in-part, extensions and reexaminations thereof)
registered or applied for in the United States and all other
nations throughout the world, (ii) rights associated with
trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, domain names, rights
of publicity, trade names and corporate names (whether or not
registered) in the United States and all other nations throughout
the world, including all registrations and applications for
registration of the foregoing, (iii) copyrights (whether or
not registered) and registrations and applications for registration
thereof in the United States and all other nations throughout the
world, including all moral rights, renewals, extensions, reversions
or restorations associated with such copyrights, now or hereafter
provided by law, regardless of the medium of fixation or means of
expression, (iv) rights in trade secrets and other confidential,
business information (including pricing and cost information,
business and marketing plans and customer and supplier lists) and
know-how (including manufacturing and production processes and
techniques and research and development information), (v) any
other similar type of proprietary intellectual property right and
(vi) all rights to sue or recover and retain damages and costs
and attorneys’ fees for past, present and future infringement
or misappropriation of any of the foregoing.
" Knowledge " means
(i) with respect to the Company, the actual knowledge of the
officers of the Company listed on Schedule I hereto and,
(ii) with respect to any other Person that is not an
individual, the actual knowledge of such Person’s officers,
and in each case, also includes the knowledge each such officer
would reasonably be expected to have by reason of his or her
position as an officer of the Company or such other Person.
" Licensed Intellectual
Property Rights " means all Intellectual Property Rights owned
by a third party and licensed or sublicensed to the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries.
" Lien " means, with
respect to any property or asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge,
charge, security interest, encumbrance or other adverse claim of
any kind in respect of such property or asset. For purposes of this
Agreement, a Person shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien any
property or asset that it has acquired or holds subject to the
interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale
agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement
relating to such property or asset.
5
" made available " means
that, with respect to any document, Contract or information, such
item was, (i) available on the SEC’s EDGAR database,
(ii) delivered to the other party or (iii) posted and
accessible by the other party within the "Project Fenway" workspace
on the Intralinks on-line data room, in each case with respect to
any document, Contract or information required to be made available
as of the date of this Agreement, no later than 12:00 noon New York
City time on the date preceding the date of this Agreement.
" Material Adverse Effect "
means any fact, circumstance, change or effect that, individually
or when taken together with all other such facts, circumstances,
changes or effects that exist at the date of determination, has or
is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on
(i) the business, financial condition or results of operations
of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) (to
the extent applicable) the Company’s ability to timely
consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by
this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Agreement,
excluding, in the case of clause (i) above, any such effect
resulting from or arising out of: (A) any loss of or adverse
change in the relationship of the Company and its Subsidiaries with
their respective employees, customers, partners or suppliers
arising out of or related to the announcement, pendency or
consummation of the Offer or the Merger, (B) general economic,
market or political conditions (including acts of terrorism or war
or other force majeure events) that do not disproportionately
affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole,
(C) general conditions in the industry in which the Company
and its Subsidiaries operate that do not disproportionately affect
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (D) any
changes (after the date of this Agreement) in GAAP or Applicable
Law, (E) any failure to take any action as a result of
compliance with the restrictions or other prohibitions set forth in
the second sentence of Section 7.01, (F) any failure of
the Company to meet internal or analysts’ expectations or
projections (it being understood that any cause of any such failure
may be deemed to constitute, in and of itself, a Company Material
Adverse Effect and may be taken into consideration when determining
whether a Company Material Adverse Effect has occurred), or
(G) any Proceeding made or brought by any holder of Tender
Shares (on the holder’s own behalf or on behalf of the
Company) arising out of or related to this Agreement or any of the
transactions contemplated hereby (including the Offer and the
Merger).
" Nasdaq " means the Nasdaq
Global Market.
" 1933 Act " means the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
" 1934 Act " means the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
" Owned Intellectual Property
Rights " means all Intellectual Property Rights owned by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
6
" Other Company
Representations " means the representations and warranties of
the Company contained in this Agreement, other than the Specified
Company Representations.
" Parent Shares " means the
shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, of Parent.
" Permitted Lien " means
(i) any Lien disclosed on the Company Balance Sheet,
(ii) any Lien for Taxes not yet due or being contested in good
faith by any appropriate Proceedings (and for which adequate
accruals or reserves have been established on the Company Balance
Sheet), (iii) mechanic’s and other similar statutory
liens that do not materially detract from the value or materially
interfere with any present or intended use of the property or
assets to which such Lien relates and (iv) any Lien (other
than those securing Indebtedness) incurred in the ordinary course
of business consistent with past practice that does not materially
detract from the value or materially interfere with any present or
intended use of the property or assets to which such Lien
relates.
" Person " means an
individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company,
association, trust or other entity or organization, including a
Governmental Authority.
" Proceeding " means any
suit, claim, action, litigation, arbitration, proceeding (including
any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or appellate
proceeding), hearing, audit, review, examination or investigation
commenced, brought, conducted or heard by or before, or otherwise
involving, any court or other Governmental Authority or any
arbitrator or arbitration panel.
" Registered Intellectual
Property Rights " means (i) patents registered in the
United States and all other nations throughout the world,
(ii) registrations of trademarks, service marks, trade dress,
logos, domain names, rights of publicity, trade names and corporate
names in the United States and all other nations throughout the
world, and (iii) registrations of copyrights in the United
States and all other nations throughout the world.
" Registered Intellectual
Property Right Applications " means (i) patent
applications applied for in the United States and all other nations
throughout the world, (ii) applications for registration of
trademarks, service marks, trade dress, logos, domain names, rights
of publicity, trade names and corporate names in the United States
and all other nations throughout the world, and
(iii) applications for registration of copyrights in the
United States and all other nations throughout the world.
" Sarbanes-Oxley Act "
means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
7
" SEC " means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
" Series B Holders "
means the Persons that, as of the date of determination, are
holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Shares.
" Series B Warrants "
means the warrants to purchase Company Shares held by the
Series B Holders.
" Specified Company
Representations " means the representations and warranties of
the Company contained in Sections 5.02, 5.05 (except for
Sections 5.05(b), 5.05(e) and 5.05(f)), 5.15 and 5.21.
" Subsidiary " means, with
respect to any Person, any entity of which securities or other
ownership interests having ordinary voting power to elect a
majority of the board of directors or other persons performing
similar functions are at any time directly or indirectly owned by
such Person.
" Superior Proposal " means
any bona fide , unsolicited, written Acquisition Proposal
(including for the avoidance of doubt with respect to a series of
related transactions such as a tender offer followed by a merger)
which did not result from a breach of Section 7.04 made by a
Third Party which, if consummated, would result in a Third Party
(or in the case of a direct merger between a Third Party or any
Subsidiary of such Third Party and the Company, the stockholder of
such Third Party) owning, directly or indirectly, all of the
outstanding Tender Shares or all or substantially all the
consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and which
Acquisition Proposal the Company Board determines in good faith by
a majority vote, after considering the advice of its outside legal
counsel and of a financial advisor of nationally recognized
reputation and taking into account all of the terms and conditions
of such Acquisition Proposal, including any break-up fees, expense
reimbursement provisions and conditions to consummation,
(i) is more favorable and provides greater value to all the
Company’s stockholders than as provided hereunder (including
any changes to the terms of this Agreement or the Offer proposed by
Parent prior to the time of such determination in response to such
Superior Proposal or otherwise), (ii) is not subject to any
financing condition (and if financing is required, such financing
is then fully committed to the Third Party) and (iii) is
reasonably capable of being completed on the terms proposed without
unreasonable delay, taking into account all financial, legal,
regulatory and other aspects of such Acquisition Proposal.
" Third Party " means any
Person, including as defined in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act,
other than Parent or any of its Affiliates.
" Voting Shares " means the
sum of the number of Company Shares then issued and outstanding and
the number of unissued Company Shares issuable
8
upon conversion of all Series B Convertible Preferred
Shares then issued and outstanding. For the avoidance of doubt,
Voting Shares shall exclude any unissued Company Shares issuable
upon conversion of any Company Convertible Security other than
Series B Convertible Preferred Shares.
(b) Each of the following
terms is defined in the Section set forth opposite such term:
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Term
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Section
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401(k) Termination Date
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7.06
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Adverse Recommendation Change
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7.04
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Agreement
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Preamble
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Board Recommendation
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2.02
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Certificates
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3.04
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Closing
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3.02
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Common Offer Price
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Recitals
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Company
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Preamble
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Company Board
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2.02
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Company Disclosure Documents
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5.09
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Company Proxy Statement
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5.09
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Company SEC Documents
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5.07
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Company Securities
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5.05
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Company Shares
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Recitals
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Company Subsidiary Securities
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5.06
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Confidentiality Agreement
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7.03
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Continuing Employees
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8.04
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Effective Time
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3.02
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Employee Plans
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5.19
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End Date
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11.01
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ESPP
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7.06
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Exchange Agent
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3.04
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Grant Date
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5.05
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In-the-Money Company Option
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3.06
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Indemnified Person
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8.03
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internal controls
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5.07
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Material Contract
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5.14
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Material Exclusive IP Rights
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5.16
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Merger
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3.01
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Merger Consideration
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3.03
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Merger Subsidiary
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Preamble
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Minimum Condition
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2.01
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Multiemployer Plan
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5.19
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Offer
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Recitals
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9
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Term
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Section
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Offer Documents
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2.01
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Offer Price
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Recitals
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Option Exchange Ratio
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3.06
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Parent
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Preamble
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Payment Event
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12.04
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Regulatory Conditions
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11.01
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Representatives
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7.04
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Schedule TO
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2.01
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Schedule 14D-9
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2.02
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Series B Convertible Preferred
Shares
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Recitals
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Series B Offer Price
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Recitals
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Subsequent Offering Period
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2.01
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Stockholder Approval
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5.02
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Stockholder Meeting
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7.02
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Surviving Corporation
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3.01
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Tax
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5.17
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Taxing Authority
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5.17
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Tax Return
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5.17
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Tax Sharing Agreements
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5.17
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Tender Shares
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Recitals
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Tender and Support Agreement
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Recitals
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Top-Up Option
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2.04
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Top-Up Option Company Shares
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2.04
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Uncertificated Shares
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3.04
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Section 1.02
. Other Definitional and Interpretative Provisions. The
words "hereof", "herein" and "hereunder" and words of like import
used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and
not to any particular provision of this Agreement. The captions
herein are included for convenience of reference only and shall be
ignored in the construction or interpretation hereof. References to
Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules are to Articles,
Sections, Exhibits and Schedules of this Agreement unless otherwise
specified. All Exhibits and Schedules annexed hereto or referred to
herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement
as if set forth in full herein. Any capitalized terms used in any
Exhibit or Schedule but not otherwise defined therein, shall have
the meaning as defined in this Agreement. Any singular term in this
Agreement shall be deemed to include the plural, and any plural
term the singular. Whenever the words "include", "includes" or
"including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be
followed by the words "without limitation", whether or not they are
in fact followed by those words or words of like import. "Writing",
"written" and comparable terms refer to printing, typing and other
means of reproducing words (including electronic media) in a
visible form. References to any agreement or contract are to that
agreement or contract as amended, modified or supplemented from
time to time in accordance with the
10
terms hereof and thereof; provided that with respect to
any agreement or contract listed on any schedules hereto, all such
amendments, modifications or supplements must also be listed in the
appropriate schedule. References to any Person include the
successors and permitted assigns of that Person. References from or
through any date mean, unless otherwise specified, from and
including or through and including, respectively.
ARTICLE 2
The Offer
Section 2.01 . The
Offer . (a) Provided that nothing shall have occurred
that, had the Offer been commenced, would give rise to a right to
terminate the Offer pursuant to Article 11 hereof, as promptly
as practicable after the date of this Agreement, Merger Subsidiary
shall commence (within the meaning of Rule 14d-2 under the
1934 Act) the Offer. The Offer and the obligation of Merger
Subsidiary to accept for payment and to pay for any Tender Shares
shall be subject only to the condition that there shall be validly
tendered in accordance with the terms of the Offer, prior to the
scheduled expiration date of the Offer (as it may be extended
hereunder) and not withdrawn, Tender Shares that, together with the
Tender Shares then directly or indirectly owned by Parent and/or
Merger Subsidiary, represent a majority of the Voting Shares (the "
Minimum Condition ") and to the other conditions set forth
in Annex I hereto. Merger Subsidiary expressly reserves the right
to waive any of the conditions to the Offer and to make any change
in the terms of or conditions to the Offer; provided that
unless otherwise provided by this Agreement or previously approved
by the Company in writing (i) the Minimum Condition may not be
waived, (ii) no change may be made that changes the form of
consideration to be paid, decreases the Offer Price or the number
of Tender Shares sought in the Offer or imposes conditions to the
Offer in addition to those set forth in Annex I or amends any terms
of the Offer in any manner adverse to the holders of Tender Shares
and (iii) the Offer may not be extended except as set forth in
this Section 2.01(a). Subject to the terms and conditions of
this Agreement, the Offer shall expire at midnight, New York City
time, on the date that is 20 Business Days (determined using
Rule 14d-1(g)(3) of the 1934 Act) after the date that the
Offer is commenced. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Merger
Subsidiary shall extend the Offer (1) from time to time for
successive periods of no more than 10 Business Days each (or such
longer period as may be consented to by the Company, such consent
not to be unreasonably withheld) if, at the scheduled or extended
expiration date of the Offer, any of the conditions to the Offer
shall not have been satisfied or waived, until such conditions are
satisfied or waived, and (2) for any period required by any
rule, regulation, interpretation or position of the SEC or the
staff thereof applicable to the Offer or any period required by
Applicable Law. Following
11
expiration of the Offer, Merger Subsidiary may, in its sole
discretion, provide one or more subsequent offering periods
(together, the " Subsequent Offering Period ") in accordance
with Rule 14d-11 of the 1934 Act. Subject to the foregoing,
including the requirements of Rule 14d-11, and upon the terms
and subject to the conditions of the Offer, Merger Subsidiary
shall, and Parent shall cause it to, accept for payment and pay
for, promptly after the expiration of the Offer, all Tender Shares
(x) validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer
and (y) validly tendered in the Subsequent Offering
Period.
(b) As soon as practicable on
the date of commencement of the Offer, Parent and Merger Subsidiary
shall (i) file with the SEC a Tender Offer Statement on
Schedule TO with respect to the Offer (together with all
amendments and supplements thereto and including exhibits thereto,
the " Schedule TO ") that shall include the summary
term sheet required thereby and, as exhibits or incorporated by
reference thereto, the Offer to Purchase and a form of letter of
transmittal and summary advertisement, if any, in respect of the
Offer (collectively, together with any amendments or supplements
thereto, the " Offer Documents ") and (ii) cause the
Offer Documents to be disseminated to holders of Tender Shares. The
Company shall promptly furnish to Parent and Merger Subsidiary in
writing all information concerning the Company that may be required
by applicable securities laws or reasonably requested by Parent or
Merger Subsidiary for inclusion in the Schedule TO or the
Offer Documents. Each of Parent, Merger Subsidiary and the Company
agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it for use
in the Schedule TO and the Offer Documents if and to the
extent that such information shall have become false or misleading
in any material respect. Parent and Merger Subsidiary agree to take
all steps necessary to cause the Schedule TO as so corrected
to be filed with the SEC and the Offer Documents as so corrected to
be disseminated to holders of Tender Shares, in each case as and to
the extent required by applicable U.S. federal securities laws. The
Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to
review and comment on the Schedule TO and the Offer Documents
each time before any such document is filed with the SEC, and
Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall give reasonable and good faith
consideration to any comments made by the Company and its counsel.
Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall provide the Company and its
counsel with (i) any comments or other communications, whether
written or oral, that Parent, Merger Subsidiary or their counsel
may receive from time to time from the SEC or its staff with
respect to the Schedule TO or Offer Documents promptly after
receipt of those comments or other communications and (ii) a
reasonable opportunity to participate in the response of Parent and
Merger Subsidiary to those comments and to provide comments on that
response (to which reasonable and good faith consideration shall be
given), including by participating with Parent and Merger
Subsidiary or their counsel in any discussions or meetings with the
SEC.
12
Section 2.02 . Company
Action . (a) The Company hereby consents to the Offer and
represents that its board of directors (the " Company Board
"), at a meeting duly called and held prior to the execution of
this Agreement, has unanimously (i) determined that this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the
Offer and the Merger, are fair to and in the best interests of the
Company’s stockholders, (ii) approved and adopted this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the
Offer and the Merger, in accordance with the requirements of
Delaware Law and (iii) recommended acceptance of the Offer by
the Company’s stockholders and the Stockholder Approval (such
recommendation, the " Board Recommendation "). Except to the
extent permitted by Section 7.04(b), the Company hereby
represents that no Adverse Recommendation Change has occurred. The
Company hereby consents to the inclusion of the foregoing
determinations and approvals in the Offer Documents and, to the
extent that no Adverse Recommendation Change shall have occurred in
accordance with Section 7.04(b), the Company hereby consents
to the inclusion of the Board Recommendation in the Offer
Documents. The Company further represents that Needham &
Company, LLC has delivered to the Company Board its opinion that
the consideration to be paid in the Offer and the Merger is fair to
the holders of the Company Shares from a financial point of view.
The Company has been advised that its directors and executive
officers and certain stockholders of the Company have agreed to
tender their Tender Shares pursuant to the Offer pursuant to the
terms of the Tender and Support Agreement. The Company shall
promptly furnish Parent with a list of its stockholders, mailing
labels and any available listing or computer file containing the
names and addresses of all record holders of Tender Shares and
lists of securities positions of Tender Shares held in stock
depositories, in each case true and correct as of the most recent
practicable date, and shall provide to Parent such additional
information (including updated lists of stockholders, mailing
labels and lists of securities positions) and such other assistance
as Parent may reasonably request in order to disseminate the Offer
as required by Applicable Law. Subject to Applicable Laws, and
except for such steps as are necessary to disseminate the Offer
Documents and any other documents necessary to consummate the
Merger, Parent and Merger Subsidiary (and their respective agents)
shall:
(x) hold in confidence the
information contained in any such lists of stockholders, mailing
labels and listings or files of securities positions and additional
information;
(y) use such information only in
connection with the Offer and the Merger; and
(z) if this Agreement shall be
terminated pursuant to Article 11, deliver (and use their
respective reasonable efforts to cause their agents to deliver) to
the Company or destroy (in which case Parent shall deliver or cause
to be delivered notice of such destruction, certified by an
13
officer of Parent) any and all copies and any extracts or
summaries from such information then in their possession or
control.
(b) As soon as practicable on
the day that the Offer is commenced, the Company shall file with
the SEC and disseminate to holders of Tender Shares, in each case
as and to the extent required by applicable U.S. federal securities
laws, a Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on
Schedule 14D-9 (together with any amendments or supplements
thereto, the " Schedule 14D-9 ") that, subject to
Section 7.04(b), shall reflect the Board Recommendation. Each
of Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall promptly furnish to the
Company in writing all information concerning Parent and Merger
Subsidiary that may be required by applicable securities laws or
reasonably requested by the Company for inclusion in the
Schedule 14D-9. Each of the Company, Parent and Merger
Subsidiary agrees promptly to correct any information provided by
it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to the extent that it
shall have become false or misleading in any material respect. The
Company agrees to take all steps necessary to cause the
Schedule 14D-9 as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and to
be disseminated to holders of Tender Shares, in each case as and to
the extent required by applicable U.S. federal securities laws.
Parent and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to
review and comment on the Schedule 14D-9 each time before it
is filed with the SEC, and the Company shall give reasonable and
good faith consideration to any comments made by Parent, Merger
Subsidiary and their counsel. The Company shall provide Parent,
Merger Subsidiary and their counsel with (i) any comments or
other communications, whether written or oral, that the Company or
its counsel may receive from time to time from the SEC or its staff
with respect to the Schedule 14D-9 promptly after receipt of those
comments or other communications and (ii) a reasonable
opportunity to participate in the Company’s response to those
comments and to provide comments on that response (to which
reasonable and good faith consideration shall be given), including
by participating with the Company or its counsel in any discussions
or meetings with the SEC.
Section 2.03 .
Directors . (a) Effective upon the acceptance for
payment of any Tender Shares pursuant to the Offer, Parent shall be
entitled to designate the number of directors, rounded up to the
next whole number, on the Company Board that equals the product of
(i) the total number of directors on the Company Board (giving
effect to the election of any additional directors pursuant to this
Section) and (ii) the percentage that the number of Tender
Shares beneficially owned by Parent and Merger Subsidiary
(including Tender Shares accepted for payment) bears to the total
number of Tender Shares outstanding, and the Company shall take all
action necessary to cause Parent’s designees to be elected or
appointed to the Company Board, including increasing the number of
directors, and seeking and accepting resignations of incumbent
directors. At such time, the Company shall also take all actions
necessary to cause individuals designated by Parent to constitute
the number of members, rounded up to the next whole
14
number, on (i) each committee of the Company Board and
(ii) each board of directors of each Subsidiary of the Company
(and each committee thereof) that represents the same percentage as
such individuals represent on the Company Board, in each case to
the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, until Parent and/or Merger Subsidiary acquires a
majority of the Voting Shares, the Company shall (subject to the
fiduciary duties of the Company Board) use its reasonable efforts
to ensure that all of the members of the Company Board and such
committees and boards as of the date of this Agreement who are not
employees of the Company shall remain members of the Company Board
and such committees and boards until the Effective Time.
(b) The Company’s
obligations to appoint Parent’s designees to the Company
Board shall be subject to Section 14(f) of the 1934 Act and
Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder. The Company shall (subject
to the following sentence) promptly take all actions, and shall
include in the Schedule 14D-9 such information with respect to the
Company and its officers and directors, as Section 14(f) and
Rule 14f-1 require in order to fulfill its obligations under
this Section. Parent shall supply to the Company in writing any
information with respect to itself and its nominees, officers,
directors and affiliates required by Section 14(f) and
Rule 14f-1.
(c) Following the election or
appointment of Parent’s designees pursuant to
Section 2.03(a) and until the Effective Time, the approval of
a majority of the directors of the Company then in office who were
not designated by Parent shall be required to authorize (and such
authorization shall constitute the authorization of the Company
Board and no other action on the part of the Company, including any
action by any other director of the Company, shall be required to
authorize) any termination of this Agreement by the Company, any
amendment of this Agreement requiring action by the Company Board,
any extension of time for performance of any obligation or action
hereunder by Parent or Merger Subsidiary and any waiver of
compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained
herein for the benefit of the Company.
Section 2.04 . Top-Up
Option. (a) The Company hereby irrevocably grants to
Merger Subsidiary an option (the " Top-Up Option "),
exercisable upon the terms and conditions set forth in this
Section 2.04, to purchase that number of Company Shares (the "
Top-Up Option Company Shares ") equal to the lowest number
of Company Shares that, when added to the number of Company Shares
directly or indirectly owned by Parent or Merger Subsidiary at the
time of such exercise, shall constitute one share more than 90% of
the Company Shares (taking into account the issuance of the Top-Up
Option Company Shares) at a price per share equal to the Common
Offer Price; provided that in no event shall the Top-Up
Option be exercisable for a number of Company Shares in excess of
the Company’s then authorized and unissued Company Shares
(giving effect to
15
Company Shares reserved for issuance under any Company Equity
Plan as if such shares were outstanding).
(b) Provided that no
Applicable Law shall prohibit the exercise of the Top-Up Option or
the delivery of the Top-Up Option Company Shares in respect
thereof, Merger Subsidiary may exercise the Top-Up Option, in whole
but not in part, at any time after the consummation of the Offer
and prior to the earlier to occur of (i) the Effective Time
and (ii) the termination of this Agreement in accordance with
its terms.
(c) Parent and Merger
Subsidiary acknowledge that the Company Shares that Merger
Subsidiary may acquire upon exercise of the Top-Up Option will not
be registered under the 1933 Act and will be issued in reliance
upon an exemption thereunder for transactions not involving a
public offering. Each of Parent and Merger Subsidiary hereby
represents and warrants to the Company that Merger Subsidiary is,
and will be upon the purchase of the Top-Up Option Company Shares,
an "accredited investor", as defined in Rule 501 of
Regulation D under the 1933 Act. Merger Subsidiary agrees that
the Top-Up Option and the Top-Up Option Company Shares to be
acquired upon exercise of the Top-Up Option are being and will be
acquired by Merger Subsidiary for the purpose of investment and not
with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any distribution
thereof (within the meaning of the 1933 Act).
ARTICLE 3
The Merger
Section 3.01 . The
Merger. (a) At the Effective Time, Merger Subsidiary shall
be merged (the " Merger ") with and into the Company in
accordance with Delaware Law, whereupon the separate existence of
Merger Subsidiary shall cease, and the Company shall be the
surviving corporation (the " Surviving Corporation ").
(b) From and after the
Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall possess all the
rights, powers, privileges and franchises and be subject to all of
the obligations, liabilities, restrictions and disabilities of the
Company and Merger Subsidiary, all as provided under Delaware
Law.
Section 3.02 . The
Closing; Effectiveness. Upon the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein, the closing of the Merger (the "
Closing ") will take place at 10:00 a.m., San Francisco
time, as soon as practicable (and, in any event, within three
Business Days) after satisfaction or, to the extent permitted
hereunder, waiver of all conditions to the Merger set forth in
Article 10 (excluding conditions that, by their terms, are
satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver
(to the extent permitted by Applicable Law) of such
16
conditions at the Closing), unless this Agreement has been
terminated pursuant to its terms or unless another time or date is
agreed to in writing by the parties hereto. The Closing shall be
held at the offices of Davis Polk & Wardwell, 1600 El Camino
Real, Menlo Park, California 94025, unless another place is agreed
to by the parties hereto. As soon as practicable after the Closing,
the Company and Merger Subsidiary shall file the certificate of
merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and make all other
filings or recordings required by Delaware Law in connection with
the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such time (the "
Effective Time ") as the certificate of merger is duly filed
with the Delaware Secretary of State or at such later time as is
specified in the certificate of merger.
Section 3.03 . Conversion
of Shares . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of the holders thereof:
(a) except as otherwise
provided in Section 3.03(b), Section 3.03(c) or
Section 3.05, each Company Share outstanding immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive
$1.65 in cash or such other amount as may have been paid for each
Company Share in the Offer, without interest (the " Merger
Consideration ");
(b) each Tender Share held by
the Company as treasury stock (other than Company Shares in any
Employee Plan of the Company) or owned by Parent or Merger
Subsidiary (whether pursuant to the Offer or otherwise) immediately
prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled, and no payment shall
be made with respect thereto;
(c) each Company Share held
by any Subsidiary (other than Merger Subsidiary) of either the
Company or Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
converted into such number of shares of stock of the Surviving
Corporation such that each such Subsidiary owns the same percentage
of Surviving Corporation immediately following the Effective Time
as such Subsidiary owned in the Company immediately prior to the
Effective Time; and
(d) each share of common
stock of Merger Subsidiary outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be converted into and become one share of
common stock of the Surviving Corporation with the same rights,
powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall
constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Surviving Corporation.
Section 3.04 . Surrender
and Payment . (a) Prior to the Effective Time, Parent
shall appoint an exchange agent (the " Exchange Agent ") for
the purpose of exchanging for the Merger Consideration
(i) certificates representing Company Shares (the "
Certificates ") or (ii) uncertificated Company Shares
(the " Uncertificated Shares "). Parent shall make available
to the Exchange Agent, as needed, the Merger Consideration to be
paid in respect of the Certificates and the
17
Uncertificated Shares. As promptly as practicable after the
Effective Time, Parent shall send, or shall cause the Exchange
Agent to send, to each record holder of Company Shares at the
Effective Time a letter of transmittal and instructions (which
shall specify that the delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss
and title shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates
or transfer of the Uncertificated Shares to the Exchange Agent) for
use in such exchange.
(b) Each holder of Company
Shares that have been converted into the right to receive the
Merger Consideration shall be entitled to receive, upon
(i) surrender to the Exchange Agent of a Certificate, together
with a properly completed letter of transmittal, or
(ii) receipt of an "agent’s message" by the Exchange
Agent (or such other evidence, if any, of transfer as the Exchange
Agent may reasonably request) in the case of a book-entry transfer
of Uncertificated Shares, the Merger Consideration payable for each
Company Share represented by a Certificate or for each
Uncertificated Share. Until so surrendered or transferred, as the
case may be, each such Certificate or Uncertificated Share shall
represent after the Effective Time for all purposes only the right
to receive such Merger Consideration.
(c) If any portion of the
Merger Consideration is to be paid to a Person other than the
Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate or the transferred
Uncertificated Share is registered, it shall be a condition to such
payment that (i) either such Certificate shall be properly
endorsed or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer or such
Uncertificated Share shall be properly transferred and
(ii) the Person requesting such payment shall pay to the
Exchange Agent any transfer or other Tax required as a result of
such payment to a Person other than the registered holder of such
Certificate or Uncertificated Share or establish to the
satisfaction of the Exchange Agent that such Tax has been paid or
is not payable.
(d) After the Effective Time,
there shall be no further registration of transfers of Company
Shares. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates or
Uncertificated Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation,
they shall be canceled and exchanged for the Merger Consideration
provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth, in
this Article 3.
(e) Any portion of the Merger
Consideration made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to
Section 3.04(a) (and any interest or other income earned
thereon) that remains unclaimed by the holders of Company Shares
six months after the Effective Time shall be returned to Parent,
upon demand, and any such holder who has not exchanged such Company
Shares for the Merger Consideration in accordance with this
Section 3.04 prior to that time shall thereafter look only to
Parent for payment of the Merger Consideration in respect of such
Company Shares without any interest thereon. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, Parent shall not be liable to any holder of Company
Shares for any amounts paid to a public official pursuant to
applicable abandoned property,
18
escheat or similar laws. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by
holders of Company Shares two years after the Effective Time (or
such earlier date immediately prior to such time when the amounts
would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental
Authority) shall become, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law,
the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of
any Person previously entitled thereto.
(f) Any portion of the Merger
Consideration made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to
Section 3.04(a) to pay for Company Shares for which appraisal
rights have been perfected shall be returned to Parent, upon
demand.
Section 3.05 . Dissenting
Shares . Notwithstanding Section 3.02, Company Shares
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by a
holder who has not voted in favor of the Merger or consented
thereto in writing and who has demanded appraisal for such Company
Shares in accordance with Delaware Law shall not be converted into
a right to receive the Merger Consideration, unless such holder
fails to perfect, withdraws or otherwise loses the right to
appraisal. If, after the Effective Time, such holder fails to
perfect, withdraws or loses the right to appraisal, such Company
Shares shall be treated as if they had been converted as of the
Effective Time into the right to receive the Merger Consideration.
The Company shall give Parent prompt notice of any demands received
by the Company for appraisal of Company Shares, and Parent shall
have the right to participate in all negotiations and Proceedings
with respect to such demands. Except with the prior written consent
of Parent, the Company shall not make any payment with respect to,
or offer to settle or settle, any such demands.
Section 3.06 . Stock
Options . (a) Except as provided in Section 3.06(b),
contingent on and immediately following the Effective Time, each
Company Stock Option outstanding at the Effective Time with an
exercise price less than $1.65 per Company Share (each, an "
In-the-Money Company Option ") that is unvested at the
Effective Time and held by a then-current employee of the Company
or its Subsidiaries shall cease to represent a right to acquire
Company Shares and shall be converted automatically into an option
to purchase Parent Shares on the same terms and conditions
(including vesting schedule) as applied to such In-the-Money
Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that
(i) the number of Parent Shares (rounded down to the nearest
whole share) subject to each assumed In-the-Money Company Option
shall be determined by multiplying the number of Company Shares
subject to the unvested portion of such In-the-Money Company Option
by a fraction (the " Option Exchange Ratio" ), the numerator
of which is the per share Merger Consideration, and the denominator
of which is the average closing price of the Parent Shares on the
Nasdaq over the five trading days immediately preceding (but not
including) the date on which the Effective Time occurs, and
(ii) the
19
exercise price per Parent Share (rounded up to the nearest whole
cent) shall equal the per share exercise price of such In-the-Money
Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time divided by
the Option Exchange Ratio.
(b) Each
(i) In-the-Money Company Option that is fully vested at the
Effective Time, (ii) In-the-Money Company Option held by a
non-employee director or former director of the Company and
(iii) In-the-Money Company Option which by its terms, or the
terms of the Company Equity Plan under which such option was
granted, provides that such option shall become fully vested and
convert into a right to receive a payment of cash upon the Merger
or the other transactions contemplated hereby, shall in each case,
contingent on and immediately following the Effective Time, be
cancelled and converted automatically into the right to receive, as
soon as practicable after the Effective Time, an amount in cash
determined by multiplying (x) the excess, if any, of $1.65
over the applicable exercise price of such option by (y) the
number of Company Shares subject to the vested portion of such
In-the-Money Company Option.
(c) Contingent on and
immediately following the Effective Time, each Company Stock Option
that is not an In-the-Money Company Option assumed pursuant to
Section 3.06(a) shall cease to represent a right to acquire
Company Shares and shall be cancelled in full.
(d) Parent shall take such
actions as are necessary for the assumption of In-the-Money Company
Options pursuant to Section 3.06(a), including the
reservation, issuance and listing of Parent Shares as is necessary
to effectuate the transactions contemplated by
Section 3.06(a). Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC a
registration statement on Form S-8 with respect to the Parent
Shares subject to such assumed In-the-Money Company Options and
shall use its reasonable best efforts to have such registration
statement declared effective as soon as practicable following the
Effective Time and to maintain the effectiveness of such
registration statement covering such assumed In-the-Money Company
Options (and to maintain the current status of the prospectus
contained therein) for so long as such In-the-Money Company Options
remain outstanding, subject in each case to policies and practices
generally applicable to options to purchase Parent Common Stock at
such time. It is intended that the assumption of the In-the-Money
Company Options assumed by Parent shall comply with
Sections 409A and 424 of the Code and this Section 3.06
shall be construed consistent with such intent.
Section 3.07 .
Adjustments . If, during the period between the date of this
Agreement and the Effective Time, any change in the number of
outstanding Company Shares shall occur, including by reason of any
reclassification, recapitalization, stock split or combination,
exchange or readjustment of shares, or any stock dividend thereon
with a record date during such period, the cash
20
payable pursuant to the Offer, the Merger Consideration and any
other amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement shall be
appropriately adjusted, provided that no such adjustment
shall be required upon any change in the number of outstanding
Company Shares that results from any exercise of (i) Company
Stock Options outstanding as of the date of this Agreement or
(ii) Series B Convertible Preferred Shares or
Series B Warrants in accordance with their terms and the terms
of the Tender and Support Agreement to which the Series B
Holders are party.
Section 3.08 . Withholding
Rights . Each of Merger Subsidiary, the Surviving Corporation
and Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the
consideration otherwise payable to any Person pursuant to Articles
2 and 3 such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with
respect to the making of such payment under any provision of any
Tax law. If Merger Subsidiary, the Surviving Corporation or Parent,
as the case may be, so withholds amounts, such amounts shall be
treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to
the Person in respect of which Merger Subsidiary, the Surviving
Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, made such deduction and
withholding.
Section 3.09 . Lost
Certificates . If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen
or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the
Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed
and, if required by Parent, the posting by such Person of a bond,
in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct, as indemnity
against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such
Certificate, the Exchange Agent shall pay, in exchange for such
lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger Consideration to
be paid in respect of the Company Shares formerly represented by
such Certificate, as contemplated by this Article 3.
ARTICLE 4
The Surviving Corporation
Section 4.01 . Certificate
of Incorporation . The certificate of incorporation of the
Company shall be amended at the Effective Time as set forth in
Annex II and, as so amended, shall be the certificate of
incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until amended in
accordance with Applicable Law.
Section 4.02 . Bylaws
. The bylaws of Merger Subsidiary in effect at the Effective Time
shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in
accordance with Applicable Law.
Section 4.03 . Directors
and Officers . From and after the Effective Time, until
successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in
accordance with Applicable Law, (i) the directors of Merger
Subsidiary at the Effective Time shall
21
be the directors of the Surviving Corporation and (ii) the
officers of the Merger Subsidiary at the Effective Time shall be
the officers of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE 5
Representations and Warranties of the Company
Subject to Section 12.05,
except as set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company
represents and warrants to Parent that:
Section 5.01 . Corporate
Existence and Power . The Company is a corporation duly
incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws
of the State of Delaware and has all corporate powers and all
governmental licenses, authorizations, permits, consents and
approvals required to carry on its business as now conducted,
except for those licenses, authorizations, permits, consents and
approvals the absence of which do not have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The Company is
duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction where such qualification is
necessary, except for those jurisdictions where failure to be so
qualified does not have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The Company has heretofore
made available to Parent true and complete copies of the
certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as currently
in effect. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent
complete and correct copies of the minutes (or, in the case of
draft minutes, the most recent drafts thereof as of the date of
this Agreement) of all meetings of the stockholders of the Company,
the Company Board and each committee of the Company Board and the
boards of directors of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries
held since January 1, 1999.
Section 5.02 . Corporate
Authorization . (a) The execution, delivery and
performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation
by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby are within
the Company’s corporate powers and, except for the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Voting Shares
to adopt and approve the Merger Agreement and the Merger (the "
Stockholder Approval ") (if required by Applicable Law),
have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the
part of the Company. The Stockholder Approval (if required by
Applicable Law) is the only vote of the holders of any of the
Company’s capital stock necessary in connection with the
consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby. This Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of
the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, moratorium and other similar Applicable Law affecting
creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of
equity.
22
(b) At a meeting duly called
and held prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Company
Board (i) unanimously determined that this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby are fair to and in the best
interests of the Company’s stockholders,
(ii) unanimously approved and adopted this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with the
requirements of the Delaware Law and (iii) unanimously made
the Board Recommendation. No Adverse Recommendation Change has
occurred.
Section 5.03 .
Governmental Authorization . The execution, delivery and
performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation
by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby require no
action by the Company by or in respect of, or filing with, any
Governmental Authority, other than (i) the filing of a
certificate of merger with respect to the Merger with the Delaware
Secretary of State and appropriate documents with the relevant
authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified to do
business, (ii) compliance with any applicable requirements of
any Applicable Competition Law, (iii) compliance with any
applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and any other
applicable U.S. state or federal securities laws, and (iv) any
actions or filings the absence of which do not have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
Section 5.04 .
Non-Contravention . The execution, delivery and performance
by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the
Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby do not and will not (i) contravene, conflict with, or
result in any violation or breach of any provision of the
certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, (ii)
assuming compliance with the matters referred to in
Section 5.03, contravene, conflict with, or result in a
violation or breach of any provision of any Applicable Law,
(iii) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in
Section 5.03, require any consent or other action by any
Person under, constitute a default, or an event that, with or
without notice or lapse of time or both, would reasonably be
expected to constitute a default, under, or cause or permit the
termination, cancellation, acceleration or other change of any
right or obligation or the loss of any benefit to which the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries is entitled under any provision of any
agreement or other instrument binding upon the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or any license, franchise, permit, certificate,
approval or other similar authorization affecting, or relating in
any way to, the assets or business of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or (iv) result in the creation or imposition of
any Lien on any asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
with such exceptions, in the case of each of clauses
(ii) through (iv), as do not have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
provided that in determining whether a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company would result, any adverse effect otherwise
excluded by clause (A) of the definition of "Material Adverse
Effect" shall be taken into account.
23
Section 5.05 .
Capitalization . (a) The authorized capital stock of
the Company consists of 75,000,000 Company Shares, 1,000,000 shares
of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per
share, and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of which 10,400 shares have been designated as Series B
Convertible Preferred Shares. As of the close of business on
January 5, 2007, there were issued and outstanding:
(i) 37,230,516 Company Shares,
(ii) no shares of Series A
Convertible Preferred Stock,
(iii) 10,400 Series B
Convertible Preferred Shares,
(iv) Series B Warrants to
purchase 1,560,000 Company Shares,
(v) warrants (other than the
Series B Warrants) to purchase 115,000 Company Shares and
(vi) stock options to purchase an
aggregate of 6,136,388 Company Shares (of which options to purchase
an aggregate of 3,727,638 Company Shares were exercisable).
All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have
been, and all shares that may be issued pursuant to any Company
Equity Plan will be, when issued in accordance with the respective
terms thereof, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable and not subject to preemptive rights created by
statute, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company
or any agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is
bound and all outstanding Company Shares and Company Convertible
Securities have been, and all shares that may be issued pursuant to
any Company Equity Plan will be, issued in compliance in all
material respects with federal and state securities law.
(b) Section 5.05(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, as of the close of
business on January 5, 2007, a complete and correct list of
all outstanding Company Stock Options, including with respect to
each such option, the number of shares subject to such option, the
name of the holder, the grant date, the exercise price per share,
the vesting schedule (including any portion that would become
vested as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby, whether
alone or when combined with any other event) and expiration date of
each such option, whether the option is an "incentive stock option"
under Section 422 of the Code or a non-qualified stock option,
and the form of award agreement pursuant to which such option was
granted.
(c) The Company Equity Plans
are the only plans or programs the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries has maintained under which currently
24
outstanding stock options, restricted shares, restricted share
units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or other
compensatory equity-based awards have been or may be granted.
(d) Except as set forth in
this Section 5.05 and for changes since the close of business
on January 5, 2007 resulting from the exercise of Company
Stock Options outstanding on such date, as of the date of this
Agreement there are no outstanding (i) shares of capital stock
of or other voting securities or ownership interests in the
Company, (ii) Company Convertible Securities or
(iii) restricted shares, restricted share units, stock
appreciation rights, performance shares, contingent value rights,
"phantom" stock or similar securities or rights that are derivative
of or provide economic benefits based, directly or indirectly, on
the value or price of, any capital stock or other voting securities
or ownership interests in the Company (the items in clauses (i)
through (iii) being referred to collectively as the "
Company Securities "). There are no outstanding obligations
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or
otherwise acquire any of the Company Securities.
(e) No Company Securities are
owned by any Subsidiary of the Company.
(f) With respect to the
Company Stock Options, (i) each Company Stock Option intended
to qualify as an "incentive stock option" under Section 422 of
the Code so qualifies, (ii) each grant of a Company Stock
Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the
grant of such Company Stock Option was by its terms to be effective
(the " Grant Date ") by all necessary corporate action,
including, as applicable, approval by the Company Board (or a duly
constituted and authorized committee thereof), or a duly authorized
delegate thereof, and any required stockholder approval by the
necessary number of votes or written consents, (iii) each such
grant was made in accordance with the terms of the applicable
Company Equity Plan, the 1934 Act and all other Applicable Law,
including the rules of the Nasdaq, (iv) the per share exercise
price of each Company Stock Option was not less than the fair
market value of a Company Share on the applicable Grant Date, and
(v) each such grant was properly accounted for in all material
respects in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements
(including the related notes) of the Company and disclosed in the
Company SEC Documents in accordance with the 1934 Act and all other
Applicable Law. The Company has not granted, and there is no and
has been no Company policy or practice to grant, Company Stock
Options prior to, or otherwise coordinate the grant of Company
Stock Options with, the release or other public announcement of
material information regarding the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
Section 5.06 .
Subsidiaries . (a) Each Subsidiary of the Company is a
corporation duly incorporated or organized, validly existing and in
good standing
25
under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization, as applicable, has all corporate or other
organizational powers and all governmental licenses,
authorizations, permits, consents and approvals required to carry
on its business as now conducted, except for those licenses,
authorizations, permits, consents and approvals the absence of
which do not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material
Adverse Effect. Each such Subsidiary is duly qualified to do
business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where such
qualification is necessary, except for those jurisdictions where
failure to be so qualified does not have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. All Subsidiaries of the
Company and their respective jurisdictions of incorporation are
identified in the Company 10-K.
(b) All of the outstanding
capital stock of or other voting securities or ownership interests
in each Subsidiary of the Company is owned by the Company, directly
or indirectly, free and clear of any Lien and free of any other
limitation or restriction (including any restriction on the right
to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other
voting securities or ownership interests). There are no outstanding
(i) securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of or
other voting securities or ownership interests in any Subsidiary of
the Company, (ii) options, warrants or other rights or arrangements
to acquire from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or other
obligations or commitments of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to issue, any capital stock of or other voting
securities or ownership interests in, or any securities convertible
into or exchangeable for any capital stock of or other voting
securities or ownership interests in, any Subsidiary of the Company
or (iii) restricted shares, restricted share units, stock
appreciation rights, performance shares, contingent value rights,
"phantom" stock or similar securities or rights that are derivative
of or provide economic benefits based, directly or indirectly, on
the value or price of, any capital stock or other voting securities
or ownership interests in any Subsidiary of the Company (the items
in clauses (i) through (iii) being referred to
collectively as the " Company Subsidiary Securities ").
There are no outstanding obligations of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the
Company Subsidiary Securities.
(c) Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries directly or indirectly owns any equity,
ownership, profit, voting or similar interest in or any interest
convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for, any equity, profit,
voting or similar interest in, any Person (other than a Subsidiary
of the Company).
Section 5.07 . SEC Filings
and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act . (a) The Company has made
available to Parent (i) the Company’s annual reports on
Form 10-K for its fiscal years ended March 28, 2004,
April 3, 2005 and April 2, 2006 (ii) its quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q for its fiscal quarters ended July 2,
2006, and October 2, 2006, (iii) its proxy or information
statements relating to meetings of
26
the stockholders of the Company held (or actions taken without a
meeting by such stockholders) since April 2, 2006, and
(iv) all of its other reports, statements, schedules and
registration statements filed with the SEC since April 2, 2006
(the documents referred to in this Section 5.07(a), collectively,
the " Company SEC Documents ").
(b) Since April 2, 2006,
the Company has filed with or furnished to the SEC each report,
statement, schedule, form or other document or filing required by
Applicable Law to be filed or furnished at or prior to the time so
required. No Subsidiary of the Company is required to file or
furnish any report, statement, schedule, form or other document
with, or make any other filing with, or furnish any other material
to, the SEC.
(c) As of its filing date,
each Company SEC Document complied, and each such Company SEC
Document filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement will
comply, as to form in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act, as the case may
be.
(d) As of its filing date
(or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this
Agreement, on the date of such filing), each Company SEC Document
filed pursuant to the 1934 Act did not, and each such Company SEC
Document filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement will not,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading (provided that the Company makes no
representation or warranty with respect to information furnished in
writing by Parent or Merger Subsidiary for inclusion or use in any
such Company SEC Document).
(e) Each Company SEC Document
that is a registration statement, as amended or supplemented, if
applicable, filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, as of the date such
statement or amendment became effective, did not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading.
(f) The Company has
established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Rule 13a-15 under the 1934 Act). Such disclosure
controls and procedures are designed and effective to ensure that
material information required to be disclosed by the Company,
including its consolidated Subsidiaries, in the reports that it
files or submits under the 1934 Act, is made known to the
Company’s principal executive officer and its principal
financial officer by others within those entities, particularly
during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the
1934 Act are being prepared.
27
(g) The Company has made
available to Parent copies of all comment letters received by the
Company from the SEC since January 1, 2002 relating to the
Company SEC Documents, together with all written responses of the
Company thereto. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no
outstanding or unresolved comments in any such comment letters
received by the Company from the SEC. As of the date of this
Agreement, to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC
Documents is the subject of any ongoing review by the SEC.
(h) The Company and its
Subsidiaries have established and maintained a system of internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15
under the 1934 Act) (" internal controls "). Such internal
controls are sufficient to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting and the
preparation of Company financial statements for external purposes
in accordance with GAAP. The Company has disclosed, based on its
most recent evaluation of internal controls prior to the date of
this Agreement, to the Company’s auditors and audit
committee, to its Knowledge, (x) any significant deficiencies
and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal
controls which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information and (y) any fraud, whether or not material,
that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in internal controls. The Company has made available to Parent
a summar
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