Back to top

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

Agreement and Plan of Merger

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER | Document Parties: D&O Insurance | ERISA Affiliate | Rho Ventures V Affiliates, LLC | Velo Acquisition Inc | Velo Holdings Inc | Vertrue Incorporated You are currently viewing:
This Agreement and Plan of Merger involves

D&O Insurance | ERISA Affiliate | Rho Ventures V Affiliates, LLC | Velo Acquisition Inc | Velo Holdings Inc | Vertrue Incorporated

. RealDealDocs™ contains millions of easily searchable legal documents and clauses from top law firms. Search for free - click here.
Title: AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Governing Law: Delaware     Date: 3/22/2007
Law Firm: Dechert;Sullivan Cromwell    

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, Parties: d&o insurance , erisa affiliate , rho ventures v affiliates  llc , velo acquisition inc , velo holdings inc , vertrue incorporated
50 of the Top 250 law firms use our Products every day
 

Exhibit 2.1

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

among

VERTRUE INCORPORATED,

VELO HOLDINGS INC.

and

VELO ACQUISITION INC.

Dated as of March 22, 2007

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

ARTICLE I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Merger; Closing; Effective Time

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.1.

 

The Merger

 

 

1

 

1.2.

 

Closing

 

 

2

 

1.3.

 

Effective Time

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE II

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the Surviving Corporation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.1.

 

The Certificate of Incorporation

 

 

2

 

2.2.

 

The By-laws

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE III

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Officers and Directors of the Surviving Corporation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.1.

 

Directors

 

 

3

 

3.2.

 

Officers

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE IV

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of the Merger on Capital Stock; Exchange of Certificates

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.1.

 

Effect on Capital Stock

 

 

3

 

4.2.

 

Exchange of Certificates

 

 

4

 

4.3.

 

Treatment of Stock Plans

 

 

6

 

4.4.

 

Adjustments to Prevent Dilution

 

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE V

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Representations and Warranties

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.1.

 

Representations and Warranties of the Company

 

 

7

 

5.2.

 

Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger Sub

 

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Covenants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.1.

 

Interim Operations

 

 

29

 

6.2.

 

Acquisition Proposals

 

 

32

 

-i-


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page

6.3.

 

Proxy Statement

 

 

37

 

6.4.

 

Stockholders Meeting

 

 

37

 

6.5.

 

Filings; Other Actions; Notification

 

 

37

 

6.6.

 

Access and Reports

 

 

40

 

6.7.

 

NASDAQ De-listing

 

 

40

 

6.8.

 

Publicity

 

 

41

 

6.9.

 

Employee Benefits

 

 

41

 

6.10.

 

Expenses

 

 

42

 

6.11.

 

Indemnification; Directors’ and Officers’ Insurance

 

 

43

 

6.12.

 

Takeover Statutes

 

 

44

 

6.13.

 

Parent Vote

 

 

44

 

6.14.

 

Financing

 

 

45

 

6.15.

 

Treatment of Senior Notes

 

 

46

 

6.16.

 

Convertible Notes

 

 

48

 

6.17.

 

Rule 16b-3

 

 

49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VII

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conditions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.1.

 

Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger

 

 

49

 

7.2.

 

Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub

 

 

49

 

7.3.

 

Conditions to Obligation of the Company

 

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Termination

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.1.

 

Termination by Mutual Consent

 

 

51

 

8.2.

 

Termination by Either Parent or the Company

 

 

51

 

8.3.

 

Termination by the Company

 

 

52

 

8.4.

 

Termination by Parent

 

 

52

 

8.5.

 

Effect of Termination and Abandonment

 

 

53

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE IX

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Miscellaneous

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.1.

 

Survival

 

 

55

 

9.2.

 

Modification or Amendment

 

 

55

 

9.3.

 

Waiver of Conditions

 

 

56

 

9.4.

 

Counterparts

 

 

56

 

9.5.

 

GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE

 

 

56

 

9.6.

 

Notices

 

 

57

 

9.7.

 

Entire Agreement

 

 

58

 

-ii-


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page

9.8.

 

No Third Party Beneficiaries

 

 

59

 

9.9.

 

Obligations of Parent and of the Company

 

 

59

 

9.10.

 

Transfer Taxes

 

 

59

 

9.11.

 

Definitions

 

 

59

 

9.12.

 

Severability

 

 

59

 

9.13.

 

Interpretation; Construction

 

 

60

 

9.14.

 

Assignment

 

 

60

 

9.15.

 

Restructuring

 

 

60

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annex A

 

Defined Terms

 

A-1

-iii-


 

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

          AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter called this “ Agreement ”), dated as of March 22, 2007, among Vertrue Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Velo Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), and Velo Acquisition Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”, the Company and Merger Sub sometimes being hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Constituent Corporations ”).

RECITALS

          WHEREAS, the respective boards of directors of each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have unanimously approved the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”) upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and have unanimously approved and declared advisable this Agreement;

          WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement and as a condition to the willingness of the Company to enter into this Agreement, each of One Equity Partners II, L.P., Oak Investment Partners XII, L.P., Rho Ventures V, L.P. and Rho Ventures V Affiliates, L.L.C. (the “ Guarantors ”) is entering into a guarantee with the Company (a “ Guarantee ”), pursuant to which each of such Guarantors is guaranteeing certain obligations of Parent and Merger Sub in connection with this Agreement; and

          WHEREAS, the Company, Parent and Merger Sub desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with this Agreement.

          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

The Merger; Closing; Effective Time

          1.1. The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon cease. The Company shall be the surviving corporation in the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving Corporation ”), and the separate corporate existence of the Company, with all of its rights, privileges, immunities, powers and franchises, shall

1


 

continue unaffected by the Merger, except as set forth in Article II. The Merger shall have the effects specified in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”).

          1.2. Closing . Unless otherwise mutually agreed in writing between the Company and Parent, the closing for the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the offices of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, 125 Broad Street, New York, New York, at 9:00 a.m. (Eastern Time) on the second business day (the “ Closing Date ”) following the day on which the last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set forth in Article VII (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the fulfillment or waiver of those conditions at the Closing) shall be satisfied or waived in accordance with this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ business day ” shall mean any day ending at 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banks are required or authorized to close in the City of New York.

          1.3. Effective Time . As soon as practicable following the Closing, the Company and Parent will cause a Certificate of Merger (the “ Delaware Certificate of Merger ”) to be executed, acknowledged and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as provided in Section 251 of the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective at the time when the Delaware Certificate of Merger has been duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such later time as may be agreed by the parties hereto in writing and specified in the Delaware Certificate of Merger (the “ Effective Time ”).

ARTICLE II

Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws
of the Surviving Corporation

          2.1. The Certificate of Incorporation . The certificate of incorporation of the Company shall be amended as a result of the Merger so as to read in its entirety as the certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the Merger except that Article I thereof shall read “The name of the Corporation is Vertrue Incorporated” and as so amended shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation (the “ Charter ”), until duly amended as provided therein or by applicable Laws.

          2.2. The By-laws . The by-laws of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the by-laws of the Surviving Corporation (the “ By-laws ”), until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Laws.

-2-


 

ARTICLE III

Officers and Directors
of the Surviving Corporation

          3.1. Directors . The parties hereto shall take all actions necessary so that the board of directors of Merger Sub at the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be elected or otherwise validly appointed as the directors of the Surviving Corporation until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Charter and the By-laws.

          3.2. Officers . The officers of the Company at the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the officers of the Surviving Corporation until their successors shall have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Charter and the By-laws.

ARTICLE IV

Effect of the Merger on Capital Stock;
Exchange of Certificates

          4.1. Effect on Capital Stock . At the Effective Time, as a result of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of any capital stock of the Company:

          (a) Merger Consideration . Each share of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (a “ Share ” or, collectively, the “ Shares ”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than (i) Shares owned by Parent, Merger Sub or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Parent and Shares owned by the Company or any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and in each case not held on behalf of third parties, and (ii) Shares that are owned by stockholders (“ Dissenting Stockholders ”) who have perfected and not withdrawn or lost appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL (each, an “ Excluded Share ” and collectively, “ Excluded Shares ”)) shall be converted into the right to receive (subject to applicable withholding tax pursuant to Section 4.2(g)) $48.50 per Share in cash, without interest (the “ Per Share Merger Consideration ”). At the Effective Time, all of the Shares shall cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist, each certificate (a “ Certificate ”) formerly representing any of the Shares (other than Excluded Shares) shall thereafter represent only the right to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration, without interest, and each certificate formerly representing Shares owned by Dissenting Stockholders shall thereafter represent only the right to receive the payment to which reference is made in Section 4.2(f).

-3-


 

          (b) Cancellation of Excluded Shares . Each Excluded Share referred to in Sections 4.1(a)(i) and 4.1(a)(ii) shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled without payment of any consideration therefor and shall cease to exist, subject, as applicable, to the right of each Excluded Share referred to in Section 4.1(a)(ii) to receive the payment to which reference is made in Section 4.2(f).

          (c) Merger Sub . At the Effective Time, each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation.

          4.2. Exchange of Certificates . (a) Paying Agent . At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit, or shall cause to be deposited, with a paying agent selected by Parent with the Company’s prior approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) (the “ Paying Agent ”), for the benefit of the holders of Shares, a cash amount in immediately available funds necessary for the Paying Agent to make payments under Section 4.1(a) (such cash being hereinafter referred to as the “ Exchange Fund ”). The Paying Agent shall invest the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent, provided that such investments shall be in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America, in commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Corporation, respectively. Any interest and other income resulting from such investment shall become a part of the Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of the amounts payable under Section 4.1(a) shall be promptly returned to the Surviving Corporation or Parent, at Parent’s discretion. To the extent that the Exchange Fund diminishes for any reason below the level required to make prompt cash payment under Section 4.1(a), Parent shall, or shall cause the Surviving Corporation to promptly replace, restore or increase, as applicable, the cash in the Exchange Fund so as to ensure that the Exchange Fund is at all times maintained at a level sufficient to make such payments under Section 4.1(a).

          (b) Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time (and in any event within five (5) business days), the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Paying Agent to mail to each holder of record of Shares (other than holders of Excluded Shares) (i) a letter of transmittal in customary form specifying that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) to the Paying Agent, such letter of transmittal to be in such form and have such other provisions as Parent and the Company may reasonably agree, and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) in exchange for the Per Share Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) to the Paying Agent in accordance with the terms of such letter of transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a cash amount in immediately available funds (after giving effect to any required Tax

-4-


 

withholdings as provided in Section 4.2(g)) equal to (x) the number of Shares represented by such Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) multiplied by (y) the Per Share Merger Consideration, and such Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. No interest will be paid or accrued on any amount payable upon due surrender of the Certificates. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares that is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, a check for any cash to be exchanged upon due surrender of the Certificate may be issued to such transferee if the Certificate formerly representing such Shares is presented to the Paying Agent, accompanied by all documents reasonably required to evidence and effect such transfer and to evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been paid or are not applicable.

          (c) Transfers . From and after the Effective Time, there shall be no transfers on the stock transfer books of the Company of the Shares that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, any Certificate is presented to the Surviving Corporation, Parent or the Paying Agent for transfer, it shall be cancelled and exchanged for the cash amount in immediately available funds to which the holder thereof is entitled pursuant to this Article IV, subject to applicable Law in the case of Dissenting Stockholders.

          (d) Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund (including the proceeds of any investments thereof) that remains unclaimed by the stockholders of the Company for 180 days after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation. Any holder of Shares (other than Excluded Shares) who has not theretofore complied with this Article IV shall thereafter look only to Parent and the Surviving Corporation for payment of the Per Share Merger Consideration (after giving effect to any required Tax withholdings as provided in Section 4.2(g)) upon due surrender of its Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)), without any interest thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the Surviving Corporation, Parent, the Paying Agent or any other Person shall be liable to any former holder of Shares for any amount required to be delivered to a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Laws. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Person ” shall mean any individual, corporation (including not-for-profit), general or limited partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, estate, trust, association, organization, Governmental Entity or other entity of any kind or nature.

          (e)  Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Parent, the posting by such Person of a bond in customary amount and upon such terms as may be required by Parent as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it or the Surviving Corporation with respect to such Certificate, the Paying Agent will issue a check in the amount (after giving effect to any required Tax withholdings as provided in Section 4.2(g)) equal to the number of Shares represented by such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate multiplied by the Per Share Merger Consideration.

-5-


 

          (f) Appraisal Rights . No Person who has perfected a demand for appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL shall be entitled to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration with respect to the Shares owned by such Person unless and until such Person shall have effectively withdrawn or lost such Person’s right to appraisal under the DGCL. Each Dissenting Stockholder shall be treated in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL and, as applicable, shall be entitled to receive only the payment provided by Section 262 of the DGCL with respect to Shares owned by such Dissenting Stockholder. The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any written demands for appraisal, attempted withdrawals of such demands and any other instruments served pursuant to applicable Laws that are received by the Company relating to stockholders’ rights of appraisal and (ii) the opportunity to participate in and direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demands. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, voluntarily make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal or offer to settle or settle any such demands or approve (if required) any withdrawal of any such demands.

          (g) Withholding Rights . Each of Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of Shares such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Code, or any other applicable state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall (i) be remitted by Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent, as applicable, to the applicable Governmental Entity and (ii) be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of Shares in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made.

          4.3. Treatment of Stock Plans . (a) Options . At the Effective Time, each outstanding option to purchase Shares (a “ Company Option ”) under the Stock Plans, vested or unvested, shall be cancelled and shall only entitle the holder thereof to receive, as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time (but in any event no later than three (3) business days after the Effective Time), an amount in cash equal to (x) the total number of Shares subject to such Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time multiplied by (y) the excess, if any, of the Per Share Merger Consideration over the exercise price per Share under such Company Option, less applicable Taxes required to be withheld with respect to such payment.

          (b) Restricted Share . At the Effective Time, each outstanding share of restricted stock (each, a “ Restricted Share ”) under the Stock Plans, shall be cancelled and shall only entitle the holder thereof to receive, as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time (but in any event no later than three (3) business days after the Effective Time), an amount in cash equal to (x) the total number of such Restricted Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time multiplied by (y) the Per Share Merger Consideration, less applicable Taxes required to be withheld with respect to such payment.

-6-


 

          (c) Corporate Actions . At or prior to the Effective Time, the Company, the board of directors of the Company and the executive officer development and compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company, as applicable, shall adopt resolutions to implement the provisions of Sections 4.3(a) and 4.3(b).

          4.4. Adjustments to Prevent Dilution . In the event that the Company changes the number of Shares or securities convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for Shares issued and outstanding prior to the Effective Time as a result of a reclassification, stock split (including a reverse stock split), stock dividend or distribution, recapitalization, merger, issuer tender or exchange offer or other similar transaction, the Per Share Merger Consideration shall be equitably adjusted.

ARTICLE V

Representations and Warranties

          5.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company . Except as set forth in the corresponding sections or subsections of the disclosure letter delivered to Parent by the Company prior to entering into this Agreement (the “ Company Disclosure Letter ”) (it being agreed that disclosure of any item in any section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter shall be deemed disclosure with respect to any other section or subsection of this Section 5.1 to which the relevance of such item is reasonably apparent on its face), the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that:

          (a) Organization, Good Standing and Qualification . Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is a legal entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of organization and has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted and is qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or similar entity in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, or to have such power or authority, would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of the Company’s and its Significant Subsidiaries’ certificates of incorporation and by-laws or comparable governing documents, each as amended to the date hereof, and each as so made available is in effect on the date hereof. As used in this Agreement, the term (i) “ Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person of which at least a majority of the securities or ownership interests having by their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar functions is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person and/or by one or more of its Subsidiaries, (ii) “ Significant Subsidiary ” is as defined in Rule 1.02(w) of

-7-


 

Regulation S-X promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”) and (iii) Company Material Adverse Effect ” means a material adverse effect on (x) the financial condition, properties, assets, liabilities, business or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or (y) the ability of the Company to timely perform its obligations under, and consummate the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement; provided , however , that a determination of whether there has been a Company Material Adverse Effect under clause (x) above shall not take into account any effect to the extent resulting from:

     (A) changes after the date hereof in the economy or financial markets generally in the United States or other countries in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries conduct operations or that are the result of acts of war or terrorism;

     (B) changes after the date hereof that are the result of factors generally affecting any industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate;

     (C) any loss or threatened loss of, or adverse change or threatened adverse change in, the relationship of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with its customers, employees, financing sources or suppliers caused by the announcement or pendency thereafter of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including any litigation or other proceeding arising therefrom, any change in the Company’s credit ratings ( provided that this credit rating exception shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, effect, circumstance or development underlying such change in credit ratings has resulted in, or contributed to, a Company Material Adverse Effect);

     (D) any actions taken by the Company and its Subsidiaries in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to obtain approval under applicable antitrust or competition laws for consummation of the Merger;

     (E) changes in any Laws or GAAP or official interpretation thereof after the date hereof;

     (F) any failure by the Company to meet any estimates of revenues or earnings for any period ending on or after the date of this Agreement, provided that the exception in this clause shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, effect, circumstance or development underlying such failure has resulted in, or contributed to, a Company Material Adverse Effect; and

     (G) after the date hereof a decline in the price or trading volume of the Company’s common stock, provided that the exception in this clause shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change,

-8-


 

effect, circumstance or development underlying such decline has resulted in, or contributed to, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

Unless, in the case of the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (E), such changes have a materially disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, when compared to other companies in the same industries in which the Company or its Subsidiaries operate.

          (b) Capital Structure . The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 80,000,000 Shares, of which 9,713,309 Shares were outstanding as of the close of business on March 20, 2007, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, none of which were outstanding as of the date hereof. Since the close of business on March 20, 2007, the Company has not issued any Shares other than the issuance of Shares upon the exercise of Company Options outstanding, the settlement of Restricted Share and conversion of the 5.50% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2010 (the “ Convertible Notes ”), and has not issued or granted any options, restricted stock, warrants or rights or entered into any other agreements or commitments to issue any Shares and has not split, combined or reclassified any of its shares of capital stock. All of the outstanding Shares have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. As of March 20, 2007, other than (i) 2,628,231 Shares reserved for issuance under the 1995 Executive Officers’ Stock Option Plan, 1995 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, 1996 Stock Option Plan, 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and 2006 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors (collectively, the “ Stock Plans ”), (ii) 2,229,654 Shares subject to issuance upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, the Company has no Shares reserved for issuance. Section 5.1(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a correct and complete list of options, restricted stock and stock purchase rights outstanding under the Stock Plans, including the holder, date of grant, term, number of Shares and, where applicable, exercise price. Each of the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity securities of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and owned by the Company or by a direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of any lien, charge, pledge, security interest, claim or other encumbrance (each, a “ Lien ”). Except as set forth in Section 5.1(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter and expect for shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, there are no preemptive or other outstanding rights, options, warrants, conversion rights, stock appreciation rights, redemption rights, repurchase rights, agreements, arrangements, calls, commitments or rights of any kind that obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, redeem or sell any shares of capital stock or other equity securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any securities or obligations convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for, or giving any Person a right to subscribe for or acquire, any equity securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contractual obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any payments directly or indirectly based (in whole or in part) on the price or value of its capital stock and no securities or obligations evidencing such rights are authorized, issued or outstanding. Upon any issuance of any Shares in accordance with the terms of the

-9-


 

Stock Plans, such Shares will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free and clear of any Liens. Except for the Convertible Notes, the Company does not have outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of the Company on any matter. There are no voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party with respect to the voting of capital stock of the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company shall include any Subsidiary of the Company of which all of the shares of capital stock (other than director qualifying shares) of such Subsidiary are owned by the Company (or a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company).

     (c) Corporate Authority; Approval and Fairness .

     (i) Assuming that the representations of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Section 5.2(k) are true and correct, the Company has all requisite corporate power and authority and has taken all corporate action necessary in order to execute and deliver this Agreement and, subject only to adoption of this Agreement by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote on such matter at a stockholders’ meeting duly called and held for such purpose (the “ Company Requisite Vote ”), to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Merger. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles (the “ Bankruptcy and Equity Exception ”).

     (ii) The board of directors of the Company has (A) unanimously determined that the Merger is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, approved and declared advisable this Agreement and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and resolved to recommend adoption of this Agreement to the holders of Shares (the “ Company Recommendation ”), (B) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the holders of Shares for their adoption at a stockholders’ meeting duly called and held for such purpose and (C) received the opinion of its financial advisor Jefferies Broadview (and the special committee of the board of directors of the Company has received the opinion of its financial advisor FTN Midwest Securities), to the effect that the consideration to be received by the holders of the Shares in the Merger is fair from a financial point of view, as of the date of such opinions, to such holders. It is agreed and understood that such opinions are for the benefit of the Company’s board of directors and the special committee of the board of directors of the Company, as applicable, and may not be relied on by Parent or Merger Sub. Assuming that the representations of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Section 5.2(k) are true and correct, the board of directors of the Company

-10-


 

has (x) taken all action so that Parent will not be an “interested stockholder” or prohibited from entering into or consummating a “business combination” with the Company (in each case as such term is used in Section 203 of the DGCL) as a result of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions in the manner contemplated hereby, and (y) resolved to elect, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, not to be subject to any other Takeover Statutes of any jurisdiction that may purport to be applicable to this Agreement.

     (d) Governmental Filings; No Violations; Certain Contracts .

     (i) Other than the filings, notices and/or approvals (A) pursuant to Section 1.3, (B) under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR Act ”), (C) under the Exchange Act, (D) under the Competition Act (Canada) and the Bank Act of Canada (the “ Canadian Approvals ”), (E) other applicable antitrust Laws and (F) under the rules of NASDAQ National Market (“ NASDAQ ”) (collectively, the “ Company Approvals ”), no notices, applications, reports or other filings are required to be made by the Company with, nor are any consents, registrations, approvals, permits or authorizations required to be obtained by the Company from, any U.S. domestic or foreign governmental or regulatory authority, agency, commission, body, court or other legislative, executive or judicial governmental entity (each, a “ Governmental Entity ”) in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, except those that the failure to make or obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or prevent, materially delay or materially impair the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

     (ii) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby will not, constitute or result in (A) a breach or violation of, or a default under, the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or the comparable governing instruments of any of its Subsidiaries, (B) with or without notice, lapse of time or both, a breach or violation of, a termination (or right of termination) or a default under, the creation or acceleration of any obligations or the creation of a Lien on any of the assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any agreement, lease, license, contract, note, mortgage, indenture, arrangement or other obligation (each, a “ Contract ”) binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets or, (C) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in Section 5.1(d)(i), a violation of any Laws to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, except, in the case of clause (B) or (C) above, for any such breach, violation, termination, default, creation, acceleration or change that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material

-11-


 

Adverse Effect or prevent, materially delay or materially impair the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

     (e) Company Reports; Financial Statements .

     (i) The Company has filed or furnished, as applicable, on a timely basis all forms, statements, certifications, reports and documents required to be filed or furnished by it with the Securities Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”) since June 30, 2005 (the “ Applicable Date ”) (the forms, statements, certifications, reports and documents filed or furnished since the Applicable Date and those filed or furnished subsequent to the date hereof, including any amendments thereto, the “ Company Reports ”). Each of the Company Reports, at the time of its filing or being furnished, complied or, if not yet filed or furnished, will comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company Reports. As of their respective dates (or, if amended prior to the date hereof, as of the date of such amendment), the Company Reports did not, and any Company Reports filed or furnished with the SEC subsequent to the date hereof will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC staff with respect to the Company Reports. To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC comments. None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required to file periodic reports with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act.

     (ii) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of NASDAQ.

     (iii) Each of the consolidated balance sheets included in or incorporated by reference into the Company Reports (including the related notes and schedules) fairly presents in all material respects, or, in the case of Company Reports filed after the date hereof, will fairly present in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of its date, and each of the consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows included in or incorporated by reference into the Company Reports (including any related notes and schedules) fairly presents in all material respects, or in the case of Company Reports filed after the date hereof, will fairly present in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations, retained earnings and changes in financial position, as the case may be, of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries for the periods set forth therein (subject, in the

-12-


 

case of unaudited statements, to the absence of information or notes not required by GAAP to be included in interim financial statements and to normal year-end adjustments, none of which are expected to be material), in each case in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“ GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis, except as may be noted therein.

     (iv) The Company and its Significant Subsidiaries have implemented and maintain a system of internal accounting controls and financial reporting (as required by Rule 13a-15(a) under the Exchange Act) that are sufficient to provide reasonable assurances regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP. The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures required by Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under the Exchange Act. Such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company is recorded and reported on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s filings with the SEC and other public disclosure documents. The Company has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation prior to the date of this Agreement, to the Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the board of directors of the Company (A) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of its internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that would be reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information and (B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. The Company has provided Parent prior to the date hereof with all such disclosures to the Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the board of directors of the Company.

          (f) Absence of Certain Changes . Except as and to the extent set forth in the Company Reports filed prior to the date hereof, since June 30, 2006, the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses only in, and have not engaged in any material transaction other than according to, the ordinary and usual course of such businesses. Except, solely with respect to clauses (ii) though (xii) of this Section 5.1(f), as and to the extent set forth in the Company Reports filed prior to the date hereof, but only to the extent such disclosure is reasonably apparent on its face to be applicable to such clauses, since June 30, 2006, there has not been:

     (i) any change in the financial condition, properties, assets, liabilities, business or results of the operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect;

     (ii) any material damage, destruction or other casualty loss with respect to any material asset or property owned, leased or otherwise used by the

-13-


 

Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not covered by insurance, that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect;

     (iii) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution with respect to any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (except for dividends or other distributions by any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or to any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company);

     (iv) any material change in any method of accounting or accounting practice by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

     (v) any redemption, repurchase or other acquisition of any shares of capital stock of the Company or of any of its Subsidiaries;

     (vi) any action that, if taken after the date hereof without the prior approval of Parent, would constitute a breach of Section 6.1(xiv) hereof;

     (vii) any amendment to or change of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company or equivalent organizational document of any material Subsidiary of the Company;

     (viii) any incurrence of indebtedness or issuance of any debt security or guarantee by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

     (ix) any payment, discharge, settlement or satisfaction of any material claims, liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

     (x) any adoption or entrance into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, acquisition, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company;

     (xi) a change in any material respect to its debt collection practices; or

     (xii) any material Tax election made or revoked by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any settlement or compromise of any material Tax liability made by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

     (g) Litigation and Liabilities .

     (i) As of the date of this Agreement, there are no civil, criminal or administrative actions, suits, claims, hearings, arbitrations, investigations,

-14-


 

inquiries or other proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or subject to the provisions of any material judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or award of any Governmental Entity. Section 5.1(g) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth all settlement agreements between the Company and any Governmental Entity. To the Knowledge of the Company, no officer or director of the Company or its Subsidiaries is a defendant in any claim, action, suit, proceeding, arbitration, mediation or governmental investigation in connection with his or her status as an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. There are no SEC legal actions, audits, inquiries or investigations, other governmental actions, audits, inquiries or investigations by other Governmental Entities or material internal investigations pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, in each case regarding any accounting practices of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

     (ii) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) whether or not required by GAAP to be set forth on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries or in the notes thereto, other than liabilities and obligations (A) set forth in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 included in the Company Reports filed prior to the date hereof, (B) incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice since December 31, 2006, (C) incurred in connection with the Merger or any other transaction contemplated by this Agreement or (D) that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

          The term “ Knowledge ” when used in this Agreement with respect to the Company shall mean the actual knowledge of those persons set forth in Section 5.1(g) of the Company Disclosure Letter without obligation of any further review or inquiry, and does not include information of which they may be deemed to have constructive knowledge only.

          (h) Employee Benefits .

     (i) All material benefit and compensation plans, contracts, policies or arrangements covering current or former employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries (the “ Employees ”) and current or former directors of the Company under which there is a continuing financial obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary, including “employee benefit plans” within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”), and deferred compensation, severance, stock option, stock purchase, stock appreciation rights, stock based, incentive and bonus plans (the

-15-


 

Benefit Plans ”), other than Benefit Plans maintained outside of the United States primarily for the benefit of the Employees working outside of the United States (such plans hereinafter being referred to as “ Non-U.S. Benefit Plans ”), are listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, and each Benefit Plan that has received a favorable opinion letter from the Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”) has been separately identified. True and complete copies of all Benefit Plans listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter have been made available to Parent.

     (ii) All Benefit Plans, other than “multiemployer plans” within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA (each, a “ Multiemployer Plan ”) and Non-U.S. Benefit Plans, (collectively, “ U.S. Benefit Plans ”), are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”) and other applicable Laws and each Benefit Plan has been maintained and administered, in all material respects, in accordance with its terms. Each U.S. Benefit Plan, which is subject to ERISA (an “ ERISA Plan ”) that is an “employee pension benefit plan” within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (a “ Pension Plan ”) intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code, has received a favorable determination or opinion letter from the IRS or has applied to the IRS for such favorable determination or opinion letter under Section 401(b) of the Code, and the Company is not aware of any circumstances reasonably likely to result in the loss of the qualification of such Pension Plan under Section 401(a) of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction with respect to any ERISA Plan that, assuming the taxable period of such transaction expired as of the date hereof, could subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to a tax or penalty imposed by either Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA in an amount which would be material.

     (iii) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has or is expected to incur any material liability under Subtitle C or D of Title IV of ERISA with respect to any ongoing, frozen or terminated “single-employer plan”, within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA, currently or formerly maintained by any of them, or the single-employer plan of any entity which is considered one employer with the Company under Section 4001 of ERISA or Section 414 of the Code (an “ ERISA Affiliate ”).

     (iv) Neither the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate has, at any time with respect to which any statute of limitations remains open, contributed to or been required to contribute to, or incurred any withdrawal liability within the meaning of Section 4201 of ERISA (including any contingent withdrawal liability by reason of a transaction described in Section 4204 of ERISA) to, any Multiemployer Plan.

-16-


 

     (v) There is no material pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened claim or litigation relating to the Benefit Plans, other than routine claims for benefits, nor are there any material pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened investigations by any Governmental Entity involving the Benefit Plans or termination proceedings instituted by any Governmental Entity involving the Benefit Plans.

     (vi) The Company, each Subsidiary of the Company and each ERISA Affiliate have been in material compliance with the notice and continuation coverage requirements of section 4980B of the Code and the regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, the “M&A regulations” issued as Treasury Regulations § 54.4980B-9, with respect to each Benefit Plan that is, or was during any taxable year of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate for which the statute of limitations on the assessment of federal income taxes remains open, by consent or otherwise, a group health plan within the meaning of section 5000(b)(1) of the Code.

     (vii) Except as listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(vii) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the execution of this Agreement will not result in any payment under any Benefit Plan, to any employee, former employee, director or agent of the Company, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate, either alone or in conjunction with any other payment, which will be an excess parachute payment under section 280G of the Code.

     (viii) All Non-U.S. Benefit Plans comply in all material respects with applicable local Law and the terms of each such Plan. All material Non-U.S. Benefit Plans are listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(vii) of the Company Disclosure Letter. True and complete copies of all Non-U.S. Benefit Plans have been made available to Parent. There is no material pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company threatened, claim or litigation relating to the Non-U.S. Benefits Plans, nor are there any material pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened investigations by any Governmental Entity involving the Non-U.S. Benefits Plans or termination proceedings instituted by any Governmental Entity involving the Non-U.S. Benefit Plans.

          (i) Compliance with Laws; Licenses . The businesses of each of the Company and its Subsidiaries have not been since the Applicable Date, and are not being, conducted in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law, statute or ordinance, common law, or any rule, regulation, standard, judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree, arbitration award, agency requirement, license or permit of any Governmental Entity (collectively, “ Laws ”), except for violations that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except with respect to regulatory matters covered by Section 6.5, no investigation or review by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor has any Governmental Entity

-17-


 

indicated an intention to conduct the same, except for those the outcome of which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its Subsidiaries each has obtained and is in compliance with all permits, certifications, approvals, registrations, consents, authorizations, franchises, variances, exemptions and orders issued or granted by a Governmental Entity (“ Licenses ”) necessary to conduct its business as presently conducted, except those the absence of which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

          (j) Takeover Statutes . Except for Section 203 of the DGCL, no “fair price,” “moratorium,” “control share acquisition” or other similar anti-takeover statute or regulation (each, a “ Takeover Statute ”) or any anti-takeover provision in the Company’s certificate of incorporation or By-laws is applicable to the Company, the Shares, the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

          (k) Environmental Matters . Except for such matters that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied at all times since the Applicable Date with all applicable Environmental Law; (B) the Company and its Subsidiaries possess all permits, licenses, registrations, identification numbers, authorizations and approvals required under applicable Environmental Law for the operation of their respective businesses as presently conducted; (C) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written claim, notice of violation or citation concerning any violation or alleged violation of any applicable Environmental Law during the past two years; and (D) there are no writs, injunctions, decrees, orders or judgments outstanding, or any actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, concerning compliance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with any Environmental Law.

          As used herein, the term “ Environmental Law ” means any applicable law, regulation, code, license, permit, order, judgment, decree or injunction from any Governmental Entity (A) concerning the protection of the environment, (including air, water, soil and natural resources) or (B) the use, storage, handling, release or disposal of any Hazardous Substances, in each case as presently in effect.

          As used herein, the term “ Hazardous Substance ” means any substance presently listed, defined, designated or classified as hazardous, toxic or radioactive under any applicable Environmental Law including petroleum and any derivative or by-products thereof.

          (l) Taxes .

     (i) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (A) have prepared in good faith and duly and timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax Returns required to be filed on or before the Closing by any of them except where such failures to so prepare or file Tax Returns,

- 18 -


 

individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect and all such filed Tax Returns are complete and accurate in all material respects, (B) have paid all Taxes that are required to be paid or that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are obligated to withhold from amounts owing to any employee, creditor or third party, except with respect to matters contested in good faith and except where such failure to so pay or withhold, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (C) have not waived any statute of limitations with respect to any material amount of Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with respect to any material amount of Tax assessment or deficiency.

     (ii) As of the date hereof, there are not pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing, any audits, examinations, investigations or other proceedings in respect of Taxes or Tax matters of the Company. The Company has made available to Parent true and correct copies of the United States federal income Tax Returns filed by the Company and its Subsidiaries for each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2005, 2004 and 2003. There are no material Liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, except Liens for Taxes not yet due and payable. There are no requests for rulings or determinations in respect of any Taxes or Tax Returns pending between the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company and any taxing authority. No claim has been made in writing by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction in which the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company does not file Tax Returns that the Company or any Subsidiary of Company is or may be subject to taxation in that jurisdiction.

     (iii) The Company and each Subsidiary of the Company have established reserves in accordance with GAAP that are adequate for the payment of all Taxes not yet due and payable with respect to the results of operations of the Company and each Subsidiary of the Company through the date of this Agreement.

     (iv) Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary of the Company (A) has been a member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income tax return (other than a group the common parent of which was the Company), (B) has any liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or similar provision of state, local or foreign law), (C) has distributed the stock of another company in a transaction that was purported or intended to be governed by Section 355 or Section 361 of the Code, (D) is a party to any material tax sharing, tax indemnity or other similar agreement or arrangement regarding Taxes with any entity not included in the Company Reports, (E) has elected to change, or is required to change, a method of accounting for Tax purposes pursuant to Section 481 of the Code or otherwise that will have a continuing effect following the Closing, (F) is the subject of any closing agreement with respect to Taxes that

-19-


 

will have continuing effect following the Closing, (G) has participated in a “listed transaction” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) (determined without regard to whether such transaction is a “reportable transaction” under such regulation) or (H) will be required to include an item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of any installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior to the Closing Date, prepaid amount received on or prior to the Closing Date, or any similar transaction that has occurred prior to the Closing Date.

          As used in this Agreement, (A) the term “ Tax ” (including, with correlative meaning, the term “ Taxes ”) shall mean all federal, state, local and foreign income, profits, franchise, gross receipts, environmental, customs duty, capital stock, severances, stamp, payroll, sales, employment, unemployment, disability, use, property, withholding, excise, production, value added, occupancy and other taxes, duties or assessments of any nature whatsoever, any liability for taxes, levies or other like assessments, charges, fees of another Person pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any similar or analogous provision of applicable law or otherwise (including agreement), together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed with respect to such amounts and any interest in respect of such penalties and additions, and (B) the term “ Tax Return ” includes all returns and reports (including elections, declarations, disclosures, schedules, estimates and information returns) required to be supplied to a Tax authority relating to Taxes.

          (m) Labor Matters . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or otherwise bound by any collective bargaining agreement or other material Contract with a labor union or labor organization (a “ CBA ”), nor are there any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries represented by a works’ council, representative body or other labor organization, and there are, to the Knowledge of the Company, no material activities or material proceedings of any labor union, works council, representative body or other organization to organize any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or compel the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to bargain with any such union, works council or representative body. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is the subject of any material proceeding asserting that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has committed an unfair labor practice or seeking to compel it to bargain with any labor union or labor organization nor is there pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor has there been since the Applicable Date, any labor strike, dispute, walk-out, work stoppage, slow-down or lockout involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

          (n) Intellectual Property .

     (i) Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a complete and correct list of (A) all registrations and applications for registration of all trademarks, copyrights and patents owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries, specifying, as to each such item, as applicable, the registered owner,

-20-


 

jurisdiction and number of each such application and/or registration, (B) all material software applications owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries, and (C) all material unregistered trademarks owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries.

     (ii) Section 5.1(n)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a complete and correct list of all material agreements under which the Company and its Subsidiaries (A) use or have the right to use any Intellectual Property owned by a third party (other than agreements for commercially available software that are subject to “shrink wrap” or other similar user licenses, or non-exclusive trademark licenses that are incidental to the sale or purchase of goods) or (B) have licensed or sublicensed to others the right to use any Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries (other than (x) non-exclusive end user licenses granted to the Company’s customers in the ordinary course of business, (y) non-exclusive limited use trademark licenses granted to the clients, distributors or strategic partners of the Company or its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, or (z) any non-disclosure agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business).

     (iii) The Company and its Subsidiaries have exclusive right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property set forth on Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, free and clear of any Lien. The registrations of all material Intellectual Property set forth on Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter are held and/or recorded in the Company’s or a Company Subsidiary’s name, and are, to the Knowledge of the Company, validly registered, legally enforceable and in full force, and not subject to any cancellation or reexamination proceeding.

     (iv) (A) The Company and its Subsidiaries have sufficient rights to use all Intellectual Property used in their respective businesses as presently conducted and which is material to the conduct of each such business, and (B) all of such rights shall survive materially unchanged the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. As of the date hereof, no claim which could reasonably be expected to be material to the conduct or operation of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries receiving the claim, has been asserted or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or such Subsidiary concerning the ownership, validity, registerability, enforceability, infringement or use of or licensed right to use any Intellectual Property. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is party to any settlement agreement or court order restricting its use of any Intellectual Property or otherwise involving any Intellectual Property. To the Knowledge of the Company, no person is violating any Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries.

     (v) The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect and maintain all material Intellectual Property used or held for use by the Company and its Subsidiaries in their respective businesses as currently conducted, and to preserve the confidentiality of any Intellectual

-21-


 

Property, the value of which is dependent upon maintaining the confidential nature thereof.

     (vi) The Company and its Subsidiaries have in place and practice a policy by which any Intellectual Property developed in whole or in part by any employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries within the scope of his or her employment is owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be reasonably likely to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries take commercially reasonable steps to have each outside consultant who is or has been involved in the development of any Intellectual Property enter into an appropriate agreement assigning to the Company or to any of its Subsidiaries all rights to any Intellectual Property developed on behalf of the Company or such Subsidiary by such outside consultant in the course of his or her engagement.

     (vii) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have in place written internal guidelines for the use, processing, confidentiality, and security of customer data consistent with contractual commitments of the Company and its Subsidiaries and privacy policies published to customers. Except as would not be reasonably likely to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect: (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries enforce such guidelines; and (ii) the practices of the Company and its Subsidiaries regarding the collection, dissemination and use of personal information in connection with their respective businesses are and have been in accordance in all material respects with the privacy policies published by the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise communicated by the Company and its Subsidiaries to their respective customers and the privacy restrictions imposed on the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to contracts with customers, vendors and other third parties.

     (viii) For purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual Property ” means any and all intellectual property rights and other similar proprietary rights in any jurisdiction, whether registered or unregistered, including all rights and interests pertaining to or deriving from: (A) trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, collective marks, d/b/a’s, Internet domain names, logos, symbols, trade dress, trade names and other indicia of origin and all goodwill associated therewith and symbolized thereby; (B) inventions, improvements and discoveries, and all patents and patent applications, reexaminations, extensions and counterparts claiming priority therefrom; (C) confidential information, trade secrets and know-how; (D) published and unpublished works of authorship, and copyrights therein and thereto; (E) computer software and firmware, including data files, source code, application programming interfaces, object code and software-related specifications and documentation; (F) databases and data compilations and all documentation relating to the foregoing, including manuals, memoranda and records; and (G) all other intellectual property or proprietary rights; in each case, including any registrations of, applications to register, and

-22-


 

renewals and extensions of, any of the foregoing with or by any governmental authority in any jurisdiction.

          (o) Insurance . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is covered by valid and currently effective insurance policies issued in favor of the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries that are customary and adequate for companies of similar size in the industry and locales in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate. All material fire and casualty, general liability, director and officer liability, business interruption, product liability and sprinkler and water damage insurance policies maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (“ Insurance Policies ”) are in full force and effect and all premiums due with respect to all Insurance Policies have been paid, with such exceptions that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

          (p) Material Contracts .

     (i) Section 5.1(p) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists, and the Company has made available to Parent, true, correct and complete copies of, all Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is bound which:

          (A) contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or which, following the consummation of the Merger, could restrict the ability of the Surviving Corporation) (x) to compete in any business or with any Person or in any geographic area or to sell, supply or distribute any service or product or (y) to purchase or acquire an interest in any other entity, and in each case is material to the businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except, in each case, for any such Contract that may be canceled by the Company or such Subsidiary without any penalty or other liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries upon notice of 90 days or less;

          (B) with respect to a joint venture, partnership or other similar agreement or arrangement relating to the formation, creation, operation, management or control of any partnership or joint venture, is material to the businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

          (C) involve any exchange-traded or over-the-counter swap, forward, future, option, cap, floor or collar financial Contract, or any other interest-rate or foreign currency protection Contract, and in each case the amount such Contract relates to is in excess of $1 million;

          (D) other than solely among wholly-owned Subsidiaries of the Company, relates to (x) indebtedness for borrowed money and having an outstanding principal amount in excess of $1 million or (y) conditional sale arrangements, the sale, securitization or servicing of loans or loan portfolios, and

-23-


 

in each case in connection with which the aggregate actual or contingent obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Contract are greater than $1 million;

          (E) was entered into after June 30, 2006 or has not yet been consummated, and involves the acquisition or disposition, directly or indirectly (by merger or otherwise), of material assets or any capital stock or other equity interests of another Person;

          (F) by its terms calls for aggregate payments by the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Contract of more than $10 million per year;

          (G) with respect to any acquisition, pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (x) any continuing indemnification obligations that could result in payments in excess of $1 million, or (y) any “earn-out” or other contingent payment obligations that could result in payments in excess of $1 million; and

          (H) involves any directors or executive officers of the Company (or to the Knowledge of the Company, any of the Company’s controlled affiliates) that cannot be cancelled by the Company (or the applicable Subsidiary of the Company) within 30 days’ notice without liability, penalty or premium.

     Each Contract of the type described in clauses (A) through (G) is referred to herein as a “ Material Contract ”.

     (ii) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, each Material Contract is valid and binding on the Company and any Subsidiary of the Company which is a party thereto and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto and is in full force and effect, and the Company and its Subsidiaries have performed and complied with all material obligations required to be performed or complied with by them under each Material Contract. There is no default under any Material Contract by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, by any other party, and no event has occurred that with the lapse of time or the giving of notice or both would constitute a default thereunder by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or to the Knowledge of the Company, by any other party, except which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

          (q) Proxy Statement; Other Filings . The letter to stockholders, notice of meeting, proxy statement and form of proxy that will be provided to stockholders of the Company in connection with the Merger (including any amendments or supplements) and any schedules required to be filed with the SEC in connection therewith (collectively, the “ Proxy Statement ”), at the time the Proxy Statement is first mailed and at the time of the Stockholders’ Meeting, and any other document to be filed with the SEC in

-24-


 

connection with the Merger (the “ Other Filings ”), at the time of its filing with the SEC, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except that no representation or warranty is made by the Company with respect to information supplied in writing by Parent, Merger Sub or any affiliate of Parent or Merger Sub expressly for inclusion therein. The Proxy Statement and the Other Filings will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

          (r) Real Property . Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries owns any real property. Section 5.1(r) of the Company Disclosure Letter identifies all material leases, subleases and other agreements under which the Company or its Subsidiaries uses or occupies or has the right to use or occupy, now or in the future any real property (the “ Leased Properties ”). The Leased Properties are leased to the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to written leases, true, correct and complete copies, including all amendments thereto, of which have been made available to Parent. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or its Subsidiaries has a good and valid leasehold interest in each of the Leased Properties free and clear of all Liens, except to the extent that any such matters do not materially interfere with the present use of any of the Leased Properties subject thereto or affected thereby. Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have a Company Material A


 
SITE SEARCH

AGREEMENTS / CONTRACTS

Document Title:

Entire Document: (optional)

Governing Law:(optional)


Try our advanced search >>
 

CLAUSES

Search Contract Clauses >>

Browse Contract Clause Library>>

Get Email Updates
Email:
This is only a partial view of this document. We have millions of legal documents and clauses drafted by top law firms. learn more search for free browse for free learn more