AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
Dated as of March 22,
2007
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ARTICLE I
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The Merger; Closing; Effective
Time
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The
Merger
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1
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Closing
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2
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Effective
Time
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2
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ARTICLE II
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Certificate of Incorporation and
By-laws of the Surviving Corporation
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The Certificate
of Incorporation
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2
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The
By-laws
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2
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ARTICLE III
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Officers and Directors of the
Surviving Corporation
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Directors
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3
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Officers
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3
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ARTICLE IV
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Effect of the Merger on Capital
Stock; Exchange of Certificates
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Effect on
Capital Stock
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3
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Exchange of
Certificates
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4
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Treatment of
Stock Plans
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6
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Adjustments to
Prevent Dilution
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7
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ARTICLE V
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Representations and
Warranties
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Representations
and Warranties of the Company
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7
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Representations
and Warranties of Parent and Merger Sub
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26
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ARTICLE VI
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Covenants
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Interim
Operations
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29
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Acquisition
Proposals
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32
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-i-
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Page
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Proxy
Statement
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37
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Stockholders
Meeting
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37
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Filings; Other
Actions; Notification
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37
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Access and
Reports
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40
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NASDAQ
De-listing
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40
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Publicity
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41
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Employee
Benefits
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41
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Expenses
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42
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Indemnification; Directors’ and
Officers’ Insurance
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43
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Takeover
Statutes
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44
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Parent
Vote
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44
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Financing
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45
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Treatment of
Senior Notes
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46
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Convertible
Notes
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48
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Rule 16b-3
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49
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ARTICLE VII
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Conditions
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Conditions to
Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger
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49
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Conditions to
Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub
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49
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Conditions to
Obligation of the Company
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50
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ARTICLE VIII
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Termination
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Termination by
Mutual Consent
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51
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Termination by
Either Parent or the Company
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51
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Termination by
the Company
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52
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Termination by
Parent
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52
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Effect of
Termination and Abandonment
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53
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ARTICLE IX
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Miscellaneous
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Survival
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55
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Modification or
Amendment
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55
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Waiver of
Conditions
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56
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Counterparts
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56
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GOVERNING LAW
AND VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL; SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE
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56
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Notices
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57
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Entire
Agreement
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58
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-ii-
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Page
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No Third Party
Beneficiaries
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59
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Obligations of
Parent and of the Company
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59
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Transfer
Taxes
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59
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Definitions
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59
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Severability
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59
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Interpretation;
Construction
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60
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Assignment
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60
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Restructuring
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60
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Defined
Terms
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A-1
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-iii-
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
AGREEMENT
AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter called this “
Agreement ”), dated as of March 22, 2007, among
Vertrue Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “
Company ”), Velo Holdings Inc., a Delaware
corporation (“ Parent ”), and Velo
Acquisition Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned
subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”, the
Company and Merger Sub sometimes being hereinafter collectively
referred to as the “ Constituent Corporations
”).
WHEREAS,
the respective boards of directors of each of Parent, Merger Sub
and the Company have unanimously approved the merger of Merger Sub
with and into the Company (the “ Merger
”) upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
this Agreement and have unanimously approved and declared advisable
this Agreement;
WHEREAS,
concurrently with the execution of this Agreement and as a
condition to the willingness of the Company to enter into this
Agreement, each of One Equity Partners II, L.P., Oak Investment
Partners XII, L.P., Rho Ventures V, L.P. and Rho Ventures V
Affiliates, L.L.C. (the “ Guarantors ”)
is entering into a guarantee with the Company (a “
Guarantee ”), pursuant to which each of such
Guarantors is guaranteeing certain obligations of Parent and Merger
Sub in connection with this Agreement; and
WHEREAS,
the Company, Parent and Merger Sub desire to make certain
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection
with this Agreement.
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained
herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
The Merger; Closing; Effective
Time
1.1.
The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub
shall be merged with and into the Company and the separate
corporate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon cease. The
Company shall be the surviving corporation in the Merger (sometimes
hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving
Corporation ”), and the separate corporate existence
of the Company, with all of its rights, privileges, immunities,
powers and franchises, shall
1
continue
unaffected by the Merger, except as set forth in Article II.
The Merger shall have the effects specified in the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “
DGCL ”).
1.2.
Closing . Unless otherwise mutually agreed in writing
between the Company and Parent, the closing for the Merger (the
“ Closing ”) shall take place at the
offices of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, 125 Broad Street, New York,
New York, at 9:00 a.m. (Eastern Time) on the second business day
(the “ Closing Date ”) following the day
on which the last to be satisfied or waived of the conditions set
forth in Article VII (other than those conditions that by
their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the
fulfillment or waiver of those conditions at the Closing) shall be
satisfied or waived in accordance with this Agreement. For purposes
of this Agreement, the term “ business day
” shall mean any day ending at 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time)
other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banks are
required or authorized to close in the City of New York.
1.3.
Effective Time . As soon as practicable following the
Closing, the Company and Parent will cause a Certificate of Merger
(the “ Delaware Certificate of Merger ”)
to be executed, acknowledged and filed with the Secretary of State
of the State of Delaware as provided in Section 251 of the
DGCL. The Merger shall become effective at the time when the
Delaware Certificate of Merger has been duly filed with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such later time
as may be agreed by the parties hereto in writing and specified in
the Delaware Certificate of Merger (the “ Effective
Time ”).
Certificate of Incorporation and
By-laws
of the Surviving Corporation
2.1.
The Certificate of Incorporation . The certificate of
incorporation of the Company shall be amended as a result of the
Merger so as to read in its entirety as the certificate of
incorporation of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the
Merger except that Article I thereof shall read “The
name of the Corporation is Vertrue Incorporated” and as so
amended shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation (the “ Charter ”), until duly
amended as provided therein or by applicable Laws.
2.2.
The By-laws . The by-laws of Merger Sub in effect
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the by-laws of the
Surviving Corporation (the “ By-laws ”),
until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable
Laws.
-2-
Officers and Directors
of the Surviving Corporation
3.1.
Directors . The parties hereto shall take all actions
necessary so that the board of directors of Merger Sub at the
Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be elected
or otherwise validly appointed as the directors of the Surviving
Corporation until their successors have been duly elected or
appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation
or removal in accordance with the Charter and the
By-laws.
3.2.
Officers . The officers of the Company at the Effective Time
shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the officers of the
Surviving Corporation until their successors shall have been duly
elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death,
resignation or removal in accordance with the Charter and the
By-laws.
Effect of the Merger on Capital
Stock;
Exchange of Certificates
4.1.
Effect on Capital Stock . At the Effective Time, as a result
of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of
any capital stock of the Company:
(a)
Merger Consideration . Each share of the common stock, par
value $0.01 per share, of the Company (a “
Share ” or, collectively, the “
Shares ”) issued and outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time (other than (i) Shares owned by
Parent, Merger Sub or any other direct or indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of Parent and Shares owned by the Company or any direct
or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and in each
case not held on behalf of third parties, and (ii) Shares that
are owned by stockholders (“ Dissenting
Stockholders ”) who have perfected and not withdrawn
or lost appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL
(each, an “ Excluded Share ” and
collectively, “ Excluded Shares ”)) shall
be converted into the right to receive (subject to applicable
withholding tax pursuant to Section 4.2(g)) $48.50 per Share
in cash, without interest (the “ Per Share Merger
Consideration ”). At the Effective Time, all of the
Shares shall cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled and shall
cease to exist, each certificate (a “
Certificate ”) formerly representing any of the
Shares (other than Excluded Shares) shall thereafter represent only
the right to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration, without
interest, and each certificate formerly representing Shares owned
by Dissenting Stockholders shall thereafter represent only the
right to receive the payment to which reference is made in Section
4.2(f).
-3-
(b)
Cancellation of Excluded Shares . Each Excluded Share
referred to in Sections 4.1(a)(i) and 4.1(a)(ii) shall, by virtue
of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder
thereof, cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled without
payment of any consideration therefor and shall cease to exist,
subject, as applicable, to the right of each Excluded Share
referred to in Section 4.1(a)(ii) to receive the payment to
which reference is made in Section 4.2(f).
(c)
Merger Sub . At the Effective Time, each share of common
stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, of the Surviving Corporation.
4.2.
Exchange of Certificates . (a) Paying Agent . At or
prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit, or shall cause
to be deposited, with a paying agent selected by Parent with the
Company’s prior approval (such approval not to be
unreasonably withheld or delayed) (the “ Paying
Agent ”), for the benefit of the holders of Shares, a
cash amount in immediately available funds necessary for the Paying
Agent to make payments under Section 4.1(a) (such cash being
hereinafter referred to as the “ Exchange Fund
”). The Paying Agent shall invest the Exchange Fund as
directed by Parent, provided that such investments shall be
in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America, in
commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by
Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard &
Poor’s Corporation, respectively. Any interest and other
income resulting from such investment shall become a part of the
Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of the amounts payable
under Section 4.1(a) shall be promptly returned to the
Surviving Corporation or Parent, at Parent’s discretion. To
the extent that the Exchange Fund diminishes for any reason below
the level required to make prompt cash payment under
Section 4.1(a), Parent shall, or shall cause the Surviving
Corporation to promptly replace, restore or increase, as
applicable, the cash in the Exchange Fund so as to ensure that the
Exchange Fund is at all times maintained at a level sufficient to
make such payments under Section 4.1(a).
(b)
Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time (and
in any event within five (5) business days), the Surviving
Corporation shall cause the Paying Agent to mail to each holder of
record of Shares (other than holders of Excluded Shares) (i) a
letter of transmittal in customary form specifying that delivery
shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates
shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates (or
affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in
Section 4.2(e)) to the Paying Agent, such letter of
transmittal to be in such form and have such other provisions as
Parent and the Company may reasonably agree, and
(ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the
Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in
Section 4.2(e)) in exchange for the Per Share Merger
Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate (or affidavit of
loss in lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) to the
Paying Agent in accordance with the terms of such letter of
transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be
entitled to receive in exchange therefor a cash amount in
immediately available funds (after giving effect to any required
Tax
-4-
withholdings as
provided in Section 4.2(g)) equal to (x) the number of
Shares represented by such Certificate (or affidavit of loss in
lieu thereof as provided in Section 4.2(e)) multiplied by
(y) the Per Share Merger Consideration, and such Certificate
so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. No interest will be
paid or accrued on any amount payable upon due surrender of the
Certificates. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares
that is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, a
check for any cash to be exchanged upon due surrender of the
Certificate may be issued to such transferee if the Certificate
formerly representing such Shares is presented to the Paying Agent,
accompanied by all documents reasonably required to evidence and
effect such transfer and to evidence that any applicable stock
transfer taxes have been paid or are not applicable.
(c)
Transfers . From and after the Effective Time, there shall
be no transfers on the stock transfer books of the Company of the
Shares that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time. If, after the Effective Time, any Certificate is presented to
the Surviving Corporation, Parent or the Paying Agent for transfer,
it shall be cancelled and exchanged for the cash amount in
immediately available funds to which the holder thereof is entitled
pursuant to this Article IV, subject to applicable Law in the
case of Dissenting Stockholders.
(d)
Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange
Fund (including the proceeds of any investments thereof) that
remains unclaimed by the stockholders of the Company for
180 days after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the
Surviving Corporation. Any holder of Shares (other than Excluded
Shares) who has not theretofore complied with this Article IV
shall thereafter look only to Parent and the Surviving Corporation
for payment of the Per Share Merger Consideration (after giving
effect to any required Tax withholdings as provided in
Section 4.2(g)) upon due surrender of its Certificates (or
affidavits of loss in lieu thereof as provided in
Section 4.2(e)), without any interest thereon. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, none of the Surviving Corporation, Parent, the
Paying Agent or any other Person shall be liable to any former
holder of Shares for any amount required to be delivered to a
public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat
or similar Laws. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term
“ Person ” shall mean any individual,
corporation (including not-for-profit), general or limited
partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, estate,
trust, association, organization, Governmental Entity or other
entity of any kind or nature.
(e)
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event any
Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the
making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such
Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by
Parent, the posting by such Person of a bond in customary amount
and upon such terms as may be required by Parent as indemnity
against any claim that may be made against it or the Surviving
Corporation with respect to such Certificate, the Paying Agent will
issue a check in the amount (after giving effect to any required
Tax withholdings as provided in Section 4.2(g)) equal to the
number of Shares represented by such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificate multiplied by the Per Share Merger
Consideration.
-5-
(f)
Appraisal Rights . No Person who has perfected a demand for
appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL shall be
entitled to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration with respect
to the Shares owned by such Person unless and until such Person
shall have effectively withdrawn or lost such Person’s right
to appraisal under the DGCL. Each Dissenting Stockholder shall be
treated in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL and, as
applicable, shall be entitled to receive only the payment provided
by Section 262 of the DGCL with respect to Shares owned by
such Dissenting Stockholder. The Company shall give Parent
(i) prompt notice of any written demands for appraisal,
attempted withdrawals of such demands and any other instruments
served pursuant to applicable Laws that are received by the Company
relating to stockholders’ rights of appraisal and
(ii) the opportunity to participate in and direct all
negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demands. The
Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent,
voluntarily make any payment with respect to any demands for
appraisal or offer to settle or settle any such demands or approve
(if required) any withdrawal of any such demands.
(g)
Withholding Rights . Each of Parent, the Surviving
Corporation and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and
withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this
Agreement to any holder of Shares such amounts as it is required to
deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment
under the Code, or any other applicable state, local or foreign Tax
Law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld, such withheld
amounts shall (i) be remitted by Parent, the Surviving
Corporation or the Paying Agent, as applicable, to the applicable
Governmental Entity and (ii) be treated for all purposes of
this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of Shares in
respect of which such deduction and withholding was
made.
4.3.
Treatment of Stock Plans . (a) Options . At the
Effective Time, each outstanding option to purchase Shares (a
“ Company Option ”) under the Stock
Plans, vested or unvested, shall be cancelled and shall only
entitle the holder thereof to receive, as soon as reasonably
practicable after the Effective Time (but in any event no later
than three (3) business days after the Effective Time), an
amount in cash equal to (x) the total number of Shares subject
to such Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time
multiplied by (y) the excess, if any, of the Per Share Merger
Consideration over the exercise price per Share under such Company
Option, less applicable Taxes required to be withheld with respect
to such payment.
(b)
Restricted Share . At the Effective Time, each outstanding
share of restricted stock (each, a “ Restricted
Share ”) under the Stock Plans, shall be cancelled
and shall only entitle the holder thereof to receive, as soon as
reasonably practicable after the Effective Time (but in any event
no later than three (3) business days after the Effective
Time), an amount in cash equal to (x) the total number of such
Restricted Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time
multiplied by (y) the Per Share Merger Consideration, less
applicable Taxes required to be withheld with respect to such
payment.
-6-
(c)
Corporate Actions . At or prior to the Effective Time, the
Company, the board of directors of the Company and the executive
officer development and compensation committee of the board of
directors of the Company, as applicable, shall adopt resolutions to
implement the provisions of Sections 4.3(a) and
4.3(b).
4.4.
Adjustments to Prevent Dilution . In the event that the
Company changes the number of Shares or securities convertible or
exchangeable into or exercisable for Shares issued and outstanding
prior to the Effective Time as a result of a reclassification,
stock split (including a reverse stock split), stock dividend or
distribution, recapitalization, merger, issuer tender or exchange
offer or other similar transaction, the Per Share Merger
Consideration shall be equitably adjusted.
Representations and
Warranties
5.1.
Representations and Warranties of the Company . Except as
set forth in the corresponding sections or subsections of the
disclosure letter delivered to Parent by the Company prior to
entering into this Agreement (the “ Company Disclosure
Letter ”) (it being agreed that disclosure of any
item in any section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter
shall be deemed disclosure with respect to any other section or
subsection of this Section 5.1 to which the relevance of such
item is reasonably apparent on its face), the Company hereby
represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that:
(a)
Organization, Good Standing and Qualification . Each of the
Company and its Subsidiaries is a legal entity duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its
respective jurisdiction of organization and has all requisite
corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate
its properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently
conducted and is qualified to do business and is in good standing
as a foreign corporation or similar entity in each jurisdiction
where the ownership, leasing or operation of its assets or
properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification,
except where the failure to be so organized, qualified or in good
standing, or to have such power or authority, would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available to
Parent complete and correct copies of the Company’s and its
Significant Subsidiaries’ certificates of incorporation and
by-laws or comparable governing documents, each as amended to the
date hereof, and each as so made available is in effect on the date
hereof. As used in this Agreement, the term (i) “
Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person,
any other Person of which at least a majority of the securities or
ownership interests having by their terms ordinary voting power to
elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons
performing similar functions is directly or indirectly owned or
controlled by such Person and/or by one or more of its
Subsidiaries, (ii) “ Significant Subsidiary
” is as defined in Rule 1.02(w) of
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Regulation S-X promulgated pursuant to the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “
Exchange Act ”) and (iii) “ Company
Material Adverse Effect ” means a material adverse
effect on (x) the financial condition, properties, assets,
liabilities, business or results of operations of the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or (y) the ability of the
Company to timely perform its obligations under, and consummate the
transactions contemplated by, this Agreement; provided ,
however , that a determination of whether there has been a
Company Material Adverse Effect under clause (x) above shall
not take into account any effect to the extent resulting
from:
(A) changes after
the date hereof in the economy or financial markets generally in
the United States or other countries in which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries conduct operations or that are the result of acts
of war or terrorism;
(B) changes after
the date hereof that are the result of factors generally affecting
any industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries
operate;
(C) any loss or
threatened loss of, or adverse change or threatened adverse change
in, the relationship of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with
its customers, employees, financing sources or suppliers caused by
the announcement or pendency thereafter of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, including any litigation or other
proceeding arising therefrom, any change in the Company’s
credit ratings ( provided that this credit rating exception
shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any
change, effect, circumstance or development underlying such change
in credit ratings has resulted in, or contributed to, a Company
Material Adverse Effect);
(D) any actions
taken by the Company and its Subsidiaries in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement to obtain approval under applicable
antitrust or competition laws for consummation of the
Merger;
(E) changes in any
Laws or GAAP or official interpretation thereof after the date
hereof;
(F) any failure by
the Company to meet any estimates of revenues or earnings for any
period ending on or after the date of this Agreement,
provided that the exception in this clause shall not prevent
or otherwise affect a determination that any change, effect,
circumstance or development underlying such failure has resulted
in, or contributed to, a Company Material Adverse Effect;
and
(G) after the date
hereof a decline in the price or trading volume of the
Company’s common stock, provided that the exception in
this clause shall not prevent or otherwise affect a determination
that any change,
-8-
effect,
circumstance or development underlying such decline has resulted
in, or contributed to, a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
Unless, in the
case of the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (E), such changes
have a materially disproportionate effect on the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, when compared to other companies in
the same industries in which the Company or its Subsidiaries
operate.
(b)
Capital Structure . The authorized capital stock of the
Company consists of 80,000,000 Shares, of which 9,713,309 Shares
were outstanding as of the close of business on March 20, 2007, and
1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share,
none of which were outstanding as of the date hereof. Since the
close of business on March 20, 2007, the Company has not
issued any Shares other than the issuance of Shares upon the
exercise of Company Options outstanding, the settlement of
Restricted Share and conversion of the 5.50% Convertible Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2010 (the “ Convertible
Notes ”), and has not issued or granted any options,
restricted stock, warrants or rights or entered into any other
agreements or commitments to issue any Shares and has not split,
combined or reclassified any of its shares of capital stock. All of
the outstanding Shares have been duly authorized and are validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable. As of March 20, 2007,
other than (i) 2,628,231 Shares reserved for issuance under
the 1995 Executive Officers’ Stock Option Plan, 1995
Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, 1996 Stock Option Plan,
1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and
2006 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors
(collectively, the “ Stock Plans ”), (ii)
2,229,654 Shares subject to issuance upon conversion of the
Convertible Notes, the Company has no Shares reserved for issuance.
Section 5.1(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a
correct and complete list of options, restricted stock and stock
purchase rights outstanding under the Stock Plans, including the
holder, date of grant, term, number of Shares and, where
applicable, exercise price. Each of the outstanding shares of
capital stock or other equity securities of each of the
Company’s Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable and owned by the Company or by a
direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, free and
clear of any lien, charge, pledge, security interest, claim or
other encumbrance (each, a “ Lien ”).
Except as set forth in Section 5.1(b)(i) of the Company
Disclosure Letter and expect for shares issuable upon conversion of
the Convertible Notes, there are no preemptive or other outstanding
rights, options, warrants, conversion rights, stock appreciation
rights, redemption rights, repurchase rights, agreements,
arrangements, calls, commitments or rights of any kind that
obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, redeem or
sell any shares of capital stock or other equity securities of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any securities or obligations
convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for, or giving any
Person a right to subscribe for or acquire, any equity securities
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contractual
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any
payments directly or indirectly based (in whole or in part) on the
price or value of its capital stock and no securities or
obligations evidencing such rights are authorized, issued or
outstanding. Upon any issuance of any Shares in accordance with the
terms of the
-9-
Stock Plans,
such Shares will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and free and clear of any Liens. Except for the
Convertible Notes, the Company does not have outstanding any bonds,
debentures, notes or other obligations the holders of which have
the right to vote (or convertible into or exercisable for
securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of the
Company on any matter. There are no voting trusts or other
agreements or understandings to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party with respect to the voting of capital stock
of the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, a wholly owned
Subsidiary of the Company shall include any Subsidiary of the
Company of which all of the shares of capital stock (other than
director qualifying shares) of such Subsidiary are owned by the
Company (or a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company).
(c) Corporate
Authority; Approval and Fairness .
(i) Assuming that
the representations of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Section
5.2(k) are true and correct, the Company has all requisite
corporate power and authority and has taken all corporate action
necessary in order to execute and deliver this Agreement and,
subject only to adoption of this Agreement by the holders of a
majority of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote on such matter
at a stockholders’ meeting duly called and held for such
purpose (the “ Company Requisite Vote ”),
to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate
the Merger. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by
the Company and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the
Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer,
reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and
to general equity principles (the “ Bankruptcy and
Equity Exception ”).
(ii) The board of
directors of the Company has (A) unanimously determined that
the Merger is in the best interests of the Company and its
stockholders, approved and declared advisable this Agreement and
the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby and
resolved to recommend adoption of this Agreement to the holders of
Shares (the “ Company Recommendation ”),
(B) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the holders
of Shares for their adoption at a stockholders’ meeting duly
called and held for such purpose and (C) received the opinion
of its financial advisor Jefferies Broadview (and the special
committee of the board of directors of the Company has received the
opinion of its financial advisor FTN Midwest Securities), to the
effect that the consideration to be received by the holders of the
Shares in the Merger is fair from a financial point of view, as of
the date of such opinions, to such holders. It is agreed and
understood that such opinions are for the benefit of the
Company’s board of directors and the special committee of the
board of directors of the Company, as applicable, and may not be
relied on by Parent or Merger Sub. Assuming that the
representations of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in
Section 5.2(k) are true and correct, the board of directors of
the Company
-10-
has
(x) taken all action so that Parent will not be an
“interested stockholder” or prohibited from entering
into or consummating a “business combination” with the
Company (in each case as such term is used in Section 203 of
the DGCL) as a result of the execution of this Agreement or the
consummation of the transactions in the manner contemplated hereby,
and (y) resolved to elect, to the extent permitted by
applicable Law, not to be subject to any other Takeover Statutes of
any jurisdiction that may purport to be applicable to this
Agreement.
(d)
Governmental Filings; No Violations; Certain Contracts
.
(i) Other than the
filings, notices and/or approvals (A) pursuant to
Section 1.3, (B) under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust
Improvement Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR
Act ”), (C) under the Exchange Act,
(D) under the Competition Act (Canada) and the Bank Act of
Canada (the “ Canadian Approvals ”),
(E) other applicable antitrust Laws and (F) under the
rules of NASDAQ National Market (“ NASDAQ
”) (collectively, the “ Company Approvals
”), no notices, applications, reports or other filings are
required to be made by the Company with, nor are any consents,
registrations, approvals, permits or authorizations required to be
obtained by the Company from, any U.S. domestic or foreign
governmental or regulatory authority, agency, commission, body,
court or other legislative, executive or judicial governmental
entity (each, a “ Governmental Entity ”)
in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement by the Company and the consummation of the Merger and the
other transactions contemplated hereby, except those that the
failure to make or obtain would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect or prevent, materially delay or materially impair
the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
(ii) The
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company do not, and the consummation of the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated hereby will not, constitute or result in
(A) a breach or violation of, or a default under, the
certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or the
comparable governing instruments of any of its Subsidiaries,
(B) with or without notice, lapse of time or both, a breach or
violation of, a termination (or right of termination) or a default
under, the creation or acceleration of any obligations or the
creation of a Lien on any of the assets of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any agreement, lease, license,
contract, note, mortgage, indenture, arrangement or other
obligation (each, a “ Contract ”) binding
upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective assets or, (C) assuming compliance with the matters
referred to in Section 5.1(d)(i), a violation of any Laws to
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, except, in
the case of clause (B) or (C) above, for any such breach,
violation, termination, default, creation, acceleration or change
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material
-11-
Adverse Effect
or prevent, materially delay or materially impair the consummation
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(e) Company
Reports; Financial Statements .
(i) The Company
has filed or furnished, as applicable, on a timely basis all forms,
statements, certifications, reports and documents required to be
filed or furnished by it with the Securities Exchange Commission
(the “ SEC ”) under the Exchange Act or
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “
Securities Act ”) since June 30, 2005 (the
“ Applicable Date ”) (the forms,
statements, certifications, reports and documents filed or
furnished since the Applicable Date and those filed or furnished
subsequent to the date hereof, including any amendments thereto,
the “ Company Reports ”). Each of the
Company Reports, at the time of its filing or being furnished,
complied or, if not yet filed or furnished, will comply in all
material respects with the applicable requirements of the
Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder
applicable to the Company Reports. As of their respective dates
(or, if amended prior to the date hereof, as of the date of such
amendment), the Company Reports did not, and any Company Reports
filed or furnished with the SEC subsequent to the date hereof will
not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in
which they were made, not misleading. As of the date of this
Agreement, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in
comment letters received from the SEC staff with respect to the
Company Reports. To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the
Company Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding
SEC comments. None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required
to file periodic reports with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange
Act.
(ii) The Company
is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable
listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of
NASDAQ.
(iii) Each of the
consolidated balance sheets included in or incorporated by
reference into the Company Reports (including the related notes and
schedules) fairly presents in all material respects, or, in the
case of Company Reports filed after the date hereof, will fairly
present in all material respects, the consolidated financial
position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of its
date, and each of the consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders’ equity and cash flows included in or
incorporated by reference into the Company Reports (including any
related notes and schedules) fairly presents in all material
respects, or in the case of Company Reports filed after the date
hereof, will fairly present in all material respects, the
consolidated results of operations, retained earnings and changes
in financial position, as the case may be, of the Company and its
consolidated Subsidiaries for the periods set forth therein
(subject, in the
-12-
case of
unaudited statements, to the absence of information or notes not
required by GAAP to be included in interim financial statements and
to normal year-end adjustments, none of which are expected to be
material), in each case in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles (“ GAAP ”) applied
on a consistent basis, except as may be noted therein.
(iv) The Company
and its Significant Subsidiaries have implemented and maintain a
system of internal accounting controls and financial reporting (as
required by Rule 13a-15(a) under the Exchange Act) that are
sufficient to provide reasonable assurances regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP. The Company maintains
disclosure controls and procedures required by Rule 13a-15 or
15d-15 under the Exchange Act. Such disclosure controls and
procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by the Company is recorded and reported on a timely basis
to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the
Company’s filings with the SEC and other public disclosure
documents. The Company has disclosed, based on its most recent
evaluation prior to the date of this Agreement, to the
Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the
board of directors of the Company (A) any significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of
its internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in
Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that would be reasonably
likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial information and
(B) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves
management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. The
Company has provided Parent prior to the date hereof with all such
disclosures to the Company’s outside auditors and the audit
committee of the board of directors of the Company.
(f)
Absence of Certain Changes . Except as and to the extent set
forth in the Company Reports filed prior to the date hereof, since
June 30, 2006, the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted
their respective businesses only in, and have not engaged in any
material transaction other than according to, the ordinary and
usual course of such businesses. Except, solely with respect to
clauses (ii) though (xii) of this Section 5.1(f), as
and to the extent set forth in the Company Reports filed prior to
the date hereof, but only to the extent such disclosure is
reasonably apparent on its face to be applicable to such clauses,
since June 30, 2006, there has not been:
(i) any change in
the financial condition, properties, assets, liabilities, business
or results of the operations of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or
would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect;
(ii) any
material damage, destruction or other casualty loss with respect to
any material asset or property owned, leased or otherwise used by
the
-13-
Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, whether or not covered by insurance, that,
individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect;
(iii) any
declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other
distribution with respect to any shares of capital stock of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (except for dividends or other
distributions by any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of
the Company to the Company or to any wholly owned Subsidiary of the
Company);
(iv) any material
change in any method of accounting or accounting practice by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(v) any
redemption, repurchase or other acquisition of any shares of
capital stock of the Company or of any of its
Subsidiaries;
(vi) any action
that, if taken after the date hereof without the prior approval of
Parent, would constitute a breach of Section 6.1(xiv)
hereof;
(vii) any
amendment to or change of the certificate of incorporation or
bylaws of the Company or equivalent organizational document of any
material Subsidiary of the Company;
(viii) any
incurrence of indebtedness or issuance of any debt security or
guarantee by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case,
outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice;
(ix) any payment,
discharge, settlement or satisfaction of any material claims,
liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, contingent or
otherwise) outside the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice;
(x) any adoption
or entrance into a plan of complete or partial liquidation,
dissolution, merger, consolidation, acquisition, restructuring,
recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company;
(xi) a change in
any material respect to its debt collection practices;
or
(xii) any material
Tax election made or revoked by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or any settlement or compromise of any material Tax
liability made by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
(g) Litigation
and Liabilities .
(i) As of the date
of this Agreement, there are no civil, criminal or administrative
actions, suits, claims, hearings, arbitrations,
investigations,
-14-
inquiries or
other proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which,
individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries is a party to or subject to the provisions of
any material judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or award of
any Governmental Entity. Section 5.1(g) of the Company
Disclosure Letter sets forth all settlement agreements between the
Company and any Governmental Entity. To the Knowledge of the
Company, no officer or director of the Company or its Subsidiaries
is a defendant in any claim, action, suit, proceeding, arbitration,
mediation or governmental investigation in connection with his or
her status as an officer or director of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries. There are no SEC legal actions, audits, inquiries or
investigations, other governmental actions, audits, inquiries or
investigations by other Governmental Entities or material internal
investigations pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened, in each case regarding any accounting practices of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(ii) Neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities or
obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or
otherwise) whether or not required by GAAP to be set forth on a
consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries or
in the notes thereto, other than liabilities and obligations
(A) set forth in the Company’s consolidated balance
sheet as of December 31, 2006 included in the Company Reports
filed prior to the date hereof, (B) incurred in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice since
December 31, 2006, (C) incurred in connection with the
Merger or any other transaction contemplated by this Agreement or
(D) that, individually or in the aggregate, would not
reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
The
term “ Knowledge ” when used in this
Agreement with respect to the Company shall mean the actual
knowledge of those persons set forth in Section 5.1(g) of the
Company Disclosure Letter without obligation of any further review
or inquiry, and does not include information of which they may be
deemed to have constructive knowledge only.
(i) All material
benefit and compensation plans, contracts, policies or arrangements
covering current or former employees of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (the “ Employees ”) and
current or former directors of the Company under which there is a
continuing financial obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary,
including “employee benefit plans” within the meaning
of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”), and
deferred compensation, severance, stock option, stock purchase,
stock appreciation rights, stock based, incentive and bonus plans
(the
-15-
“
Benefit Plans ”), other than Benefit Plans
maintained outside of the United States primarily for the benefit
of the Employees working outside of the United States (such plans
hereinafter being referred to as “ Non-U.S. Benefit
Plans ”), are listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(i) of
the Company Disclosure Letter, and each Benefit Plan that has
received a favorable opinion letter from the Internal Revenue
Service (the “ IRS ”) has been separately
identified. True and complete copies of all Benefit Plans listed on
Schedule 5.1(h)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter have been
made available to Parent.
(ii) All Benefit
Plans, other than “multiemployer plans” within the
meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA (each, a “
Multiemployer Plan ”) and Non-U.S. Benefit
Plans, (collectively, “ U.S. Benefit Plans
”), are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA,
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “
Code ”) and other applicable Laws and each
Benefit Plan has been maintained and administered, in all material
respects, in accordance with its terms. Each U.S. Benefit Plan,
which is subject to ERISA (an “ ERISA Plan
”) that is an “employee pension benefit plan”
within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (a “
Pension Plan ”) intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code, has received a favorable determination
or opinion letter from the IRS or has applied to the IRS for such
favorable determination or opinion letter under Section 401(b) of
the Code, and the Company is not aware of any circumstances
reasonably likely to result in the loss of the qualification of
such Pension Plan under Section 401(a) of the Code. Neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction
with respect to any ERISA Plan that, assuming the taxable period of
such transaction expired as of the date hereof, could subject the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries to a tax or penalty imposed by
either Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA in
an amount which would be material.
(iii) Neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has or is expected to incur any
material liability under Subtitle C or D of Title IV of ERISA with
respect to any ongoing, frozen or terminated “single-employer
plan”, within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of
ERISA, currently or formerly maintained by any of them, or the
single-employer plan of any entity which is considered one employer
with the Company under Section 4001 of ERISA or
Section 414 of the Code (an “ ERISA
Affiliate ”).
(iv) Neither the
Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate has,
at any time with respect to which any statute of limitations
remains open, contributed to or been required to contribute to, or
incurred any withdrawal liability within the meaning of
Section 4201 of ERISA (including any contingent withdrawal
liability by reason of a transaction described in Section 4204
of ERISA) to, any Multiemployer Plan.
-16-
(v) There is no
material pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened
claim or litigation relating to the Benefit Plans, other than
routine claims for benefits, nor are there any material pending or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened investigations by any
Governmental Entity involving the Benefit Plans or termination
proceedings instituted by any Governmental Entity involving the
Benefit Plans.
(vi) The Company,
each Subsidiary of the Company and each ERISA Affiliate have been
in material compliance with the notice and continuation coverage
requirements of section 4980B of the Code and the regulations
thereunder, including, without limitation, the “M&A
regulations” issued as Treasury Regulations §
54.4980B-9, with respect to each Benefit Plan that is, or was
during any taxable year of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate for
which the statute of limitations on the assessment of federal
income taxes remains open, by consent or otherwise, a group health
plan within the meaning of section 5000(b)(1) of the
Code.
(vii) Except as
listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(vii) of the Company Disclosure
Letter, the execution of this Agreement will not result in any
payment under any Benefit Plan, to any employee, former employee,
director or agent of the Company, any Subsidiary or any ERISA
Affiliate, either alone or in conjunction with any other payment,
which will be an excess parachute payment under section 280G of the
Code.
(viii) All
Non-U.S. Benefit Plans comply in all material respects with
applicable local Law and the terms of each such Plan. All material
Non-U.S. Benefit Plans are listed on Schedule 5.1(h)(vii) of
the Company Disclosure Letter. True and complete copies of all
Non-U.S. Benefit Plans have been made available to Parent. There is
no material pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company threatened,
claim or litigation relating to the Non-U.S. Benefits Plans, nor
are there any material pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened investigations by any Governmental Entity involving the
Non-U.S. Benefits Plans or termination proceedings instituted by
any Governmental Entity involving the Non-U.S. Benefit
Plans.
(i)
Compliance with Laws; Licenses . The businesses of each of
the Company and its Subsidiaries have not been since the Applicable
Date, and are not being, conducted in violation of any federal,
state, local or foreign law, statute or ordinance, common law, or
any rule, regulation, standard, judgment, order, writ, injunction,
decree, arbitration award, agency requirement, license or permit of
any Governmental Entity (collectively, “ Laws
”), except for violations that, individually or in the
aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect. Except with respect to regulatory matters
covered by Section 6.5, no investigation or review by any
Governmental Entity with respect to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened, nor has any Governmental Entity
-17-
indicated an
intention to conduct the same, except for those the outcome of
which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and
its Subsidiaries each has obtained and is in compliance with all
permits, certifications, approvals, registrations, consents,
authorizations, franchises, variances, exemptions and orders issued
or granted by a Governmental Entity (“ Licenses
”) necessary to conduct its business as presently conducted,
except those the absence of which would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect.
(j)
Takeover Statutes . Except for Section 203 of the DGCL,
no “fair price,” “moratorium,”
“control share acquisition” or other similar
anti-takeover statute or regulation (each, a “ Takeover
Statute ”) or any anti-takeover provision in the
Company’s certificate of incorporation or By-laws is
applicable to the Company, the Shares, the Merger or the other
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(k)
Environmental Matters . Except for such matters that,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A) the Company and
its Subsidiaries have complied at all times since the Applicable
Date with all applicable Environmental Law; (B) the Company
and its Subsidiaries possess all permits, licenses, registrations,
identification numbers, authorizations and approvals required under
applicable Environmental Law for the operation of their respective
businesses as presently conducted; (C) neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has received any written claim, notice of
violation or citation concerning any violation or alleged violation
of any applicable Environmental Law during the past two years; and
(D) there are no writs, injunctions, decrees, orders or
judgments outstanding, or any actions, suits or proceedings pending
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, concerning
compliance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with any
Environmental Law.
As
used herein, the term “ Environmental Law
” means any applicable law, regulation, code, license,
permit, order, judgment, decree or injunction from any Governmental
Entity (A) concerning the protection of the environment, (including
air, water, soil and natural resources) or (B) the use,
storage, handling, release or disposal of any Hazardous Substances,
in each case as presently in effect.
As
used herein, the term “ Hazardous Substance
” means any substance presently listed, defined, designated
or classified as hazardous, toxic or radioactive under any
applicable Environmental Law including petroleum and any derivative
or by-products thereof.
(i) The Company
and each of its Subsidiaries (A) have prepared in good faith
and duly and timely filed (taking into account any extension of
time within which to file) all Tax Returns required to be filed on
or before the Closing by any of them except where such failures to
so prepare or file Tax Returns,
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individually or
in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect and all such filed Tax Returns are complete
and accurate in all material respects, (B) have paid all Taxes
that are required to be paid or that the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries are obligated to withhold from amounts owing to any
employee, creditor or third party, except with respect to matters
contested in good faith and except where such failure to so pay or
withhold, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably
likely to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (C) have
not waived any statute of limitations with respect to any material
amount of Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with respect to
any material amount of Tax assessment or deficiency.
(ii) As of the
date hereof, there are not pending or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened in writing, any audits, examinations,
investigations or other proceedings in respect of Taxes or Tax
matters of the Company. The Company has made available to Parent
true and correct copies of the United States federal income Tax
Returns filed by the Company and its Subsidiaries for each of the
fiscal years ended June 30, 2005, 2004 and 2003. There are no
material Liens for Taxes upon the assets of the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company, except Liens for Taxes not yet due and
payable. There are no requests for rulings or determinations in
respect of any Taxes or Tax Returns pending between the Company or
any Subsidiary of the Company and any taxing authority. No claim
has been made in writing by a taxing authority in a jurisdiction in
which the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company does not file
Tax Returns that the Company or any Subsidiary of Company is or may
be subject to taxation in that jurisdiction.
(iii) The Company
and each Subsidiary of the Company have established reserves in
accordance with GAAP that are adequate for the payment of all Taxes
not yet due and payable with respect to the results of operations
of the Company and each Subsidiary of the Company through the date
of this Agreement.
(iv) Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary of the Company (A) has been a
member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income
tax return (other than a group the common parent of which was the
Company), (B) has any liability for the Taxes of any Person
(other than the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company) under
Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or similar provision of
state, local or foreign law), (C) has distributed the stock of
another company in a transaction that was purported or intended to
be governed by Section 355 or Section 361 of the Code,
(D) is a party to any material tax sharing, tax indemnity or
other similar agreement or arrangement regarding Taxes with any
entity not included in the Company Reports, (E) has elected to
change, or is required to change, a method of accounting for Tax
purposes pursuant to Section 481 of the Code or otherwise that
will have a continuing effect following the Closing, (F) is
the subject of any closing agreement with respect to Taxes
that
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will have
continuing effect following the Closing, (G) has participated in a
“listed transaction” within the meaning of Treasury
Regulation Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) (determined without regard
to whether such transaction is a “reportable
transaction” under such regulation) or (H) will be
required to include an item of income in, or exclude any item of
deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion
thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of any
installment sale or open transaction disposition made on or prior
to the Closing Date, prepaid amount received on or prior to the
Closing Date, or any similar transaction that has occurred prior to
the Closing Date.
As
used in this Agreement, (A) the term “ Tax
” (including, with correlative meaning, the term “
Taxes ”) shall mean all federal, state, local
and foreign income, profits, franchise, gross receipts,
environmental, customs duty, capital stock, severances, stamp,
payroll, sales, employment, unemployment, disability, use,
property, withholding, excise, production, value added, occupancy
and other taxes, duties or assessments of any nature whatsoever,
any liability for taxes, levies or other like assessments, charges,
fees of another Person pursuant to Treasury
Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any similar or analogous
provision of applicable law or otherwise (including agreement),
together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed with
respect to such amounts and any interest in respect of such
penalties and additions, and (B) the term “ Tax
Return ” includes all returns and reports (including
elections, declarations, disclosures, schedules, estimates and
information returns) required to be supplied to a Tax authority
relating to Taxes.
(m)
Labor Matters . Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to or otherwise bound by any collective
bargaining agreement or other material Contract with a labor union
or labor organization (a “ CBA ”), nor
are there any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
represented by a works’ council, representative body or other
labor organization, and there are, to the Knowledge of the Company,
no material activities or material proceedings of any labor union,
works council, representative body or other organization to
organize any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
compel the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to bargain with any
such union, works council or representative body. Neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is the subject of any material
proceeding asserting that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
has committed an unfair labor practice or seeking to compel it to
bargain with any labor union or labor organization nor is there
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor has
there been since the Applicable Date, any labor strike, dispute,
walk-out, work stoppage, slow-down or lockout involving the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries.
(n)
Intellectual Property .
(i)
Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth
a complete and correct list of (A) all registrations and
applications for registration of all trademarks, copyrights and
patents owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries, specifying, as to
each such item, as applicable, the registered owner,
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jurisdiction
and number of each such application and/or registration,
(B) all material software applications owned by the Company or
its Subsidiaries, and (C) all material unregistered trademarks
owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries.
(ii)
Section 5.1(n)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth
a complete and correct list of all material agreements under which
the Company and its Subsidiaries (A) use or have the right to use
any Intellectual Property owned by a third party (other than
agreements for commercially available software that are subject to
“shrink wrap” or other similar user licenses, or
non-exclusive trademark licenses that are incidental to the sale or
purchase of goods) or (B) have licensed or sublicensed to
others the right to use any Intellectual Property owned by the
Company or its Subsidiaries (other than (x) non-exclusive end user
licenses granted to the Company’s customers in the ordinary
course of business, (y) non-exclusive limited use trademark
licenses granted to the clients, distributors or strategic partners
of the Company or its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of
business, or (z) any non-disclosure agreements entered into in
the ordinary course of business).
(iii) The Company
and its Subsidiaries have exclusive right, title and interest in
and to all Intellectual Property set forth on
Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, free and
clear of any Lien. The registrations of all material Intellectual
Property set forth on Section 5.1(n)(i) of the Company
Disclosure Letter are held and/or recorded in the Company’s
or a Company Subsidiary’s name, and are, to the Knowledge of
the Company, validly registered, legally enforceable and in full
force, and not subject to any cancellation or reexamination
proceeding.
(iv) (A) The
Company and its Subsidiaries have sufficient rights to use all
Intellectual Property used in their respective businesses as
presently conducted and which is material to the conduct of each
such business, and (B) all of such rights shall survive
materially unchanged the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. As of the date hereof, no claim
which could reasonably be expected to be material to the conduct or
operation of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
receiving the claim, has been asserted or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened against the Company or such Subsidiary
concerning the ownership, validity, registerability,
enforceability, infringement or use of or licensed right to use any
Intellectual Property. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is
party to any settlement agreement or court order restricting its
use of any Intellectual Property or otherwise involving any
Intellectual Property. To the Knowledge of the Company, no person
is violating any Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its
Subsidiaries.
(v) The Company
and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable steps to
protect and maintain all material Intellectual Property used or
held for use by the Company and its Subsidiaries in their
respective businesses as currently conducted, and to preserve the
confidentiality of any Intellectual
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Property, the
value of which is dependent upon maintaining the confidential
nature thereof.
(vi) The Company
and its Subsidiaries have in place and practice a policy by which
any Intellectual Property developed in whole or in part by any
employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries within the scope of his
or her employment is owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries.
Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, be
reasonably likely to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect,
the Company and its Subsidiaries take commercially reasonable steps
to have each outside consultant who is or has been involved in the
development of any Intellectual Property enter into an appropriate
agreement assigning to the Company or to any of its Subsidiaries
all rights to any Intellectual Property developed on behalf of the
Company or such Subsidiary by such outside consultant in the course
of his or her engagement.
(vii) The Company
and each of its Subsidiaries have in place written internal
guidelines for the use, processing, confidentiality, and security
of customer data consistent with contractual commitments of the
Company and its Subsidiaries and privacy policies published to
customers. Except as would not be reasonably likely to result in a
Company Material Adverse Effect: (i) the Company and its
Subsidiaries enforce such guidelines; and (ii) the practices
of the Company and its Subsidiaries regarding the collection,
dissemination and use of personal information in connection with
their respective businesses are and have been in accordance in all
material respects with the privacy policies published by the
Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise communicated by the
Company and its Subsidiaries to their respective customers and the
privacy restrictions imposed on the Company or its Subsidiaries
pursuant to contracts with customers, vendors and other third
parties.
(viii) For
purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual
Property ” means any and all intellectual property
rights and other similar proprietary rights in any jurisdiction,
whether registered or unregistered, including all rights and
interests pertaining to or deriving from: (A) trademarks,
service marks, brand names, certification marks, collective marks,
d/b/a’s, Internet domain names, logos, symbols, trade dress,
trade names and other indicia of origin and all goodwill associated
therewith and symbolized thereby; (B) inventions, improvements and
discoveries, and all patents and patent applications,
reexaminations, extensions and counterparts claiming priority
therefrom; (C) confidential information, trade secrets and
know-how; (D) published and unpublished works of authorship,
and copyrights therein and thereto; (E) computer software and
firmware, including data files, source code, application
programming interfaces, object code and software-related
specifications and documentation; (F) databases and data
compilations and all documentation relating to the foregoing,
including manuals, memoranda and records; and (G) all other
intellectual property or proprietary rights; in each case,
including any registrations of, applications to register,
and
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renewals and
extensions of, any of the foregoing with or by any governmental
authority in any jurisdiction.
(o)
Insurance . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is
covered by valid and currently effective insurance policies issued
in favor of the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries that are
customary and adequate for companies of similar size in the
industry and locales in which the Company and its Subsidiaries
operate. All material fire and casualty, general liability,
director and officer liability, business interruption, product
liability and sprinkler and water damage insurance policies
maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (“
Insurance Policies ”) are in full force and
effect and all premiums due with respect to all Insurance Policies
have been paid, with such exceptions that would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
(i)
Section 5.1(p) of the Company Disclosure Letter lists, and the
Company has made available to Parent, true, correct and complete
copies of, all Contracts to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is
bound which:
(A)
contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries (or which, following the consummation of the
Merger, could restrict the ability of the Surviving Corporation)
(x) to compete in any business or with any Person or in any
geographic area or to sell, supply or distribute any service or
product or (y) to purchase or acquire an interest in any other
entity, and in each case is material to the businesses of the
Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except, in each
case, for any such Contract that may be canceled by the Company or
such Subsidiary without any penalty or other liability to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries upon notice of 90 days or
less;
(B)
with respect to a joint venture, partnership or other similar
agreement or arrangement relating to the formation, creation,
operation, management or control of any partnership or joint
venture, is material to the businesses of the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(C)
involve any exchange-traded or over-the-counter swap, forward,
future, option, cap, floor or collar financial Contract, or any
other interest-rate or foreign currency protection Contract, and in
each case the amount such Contract relates to is in excess of
$1 million;
(D)
other than solely among wholly-owned Subsidiaries of the Company,
relates to (x) indebtedness for borrowed money and having an
outstanding principal amount in excess of $1 million or
(y) conditional sale arrangements, the sale, securitization or
servicing of loans or loan portfolios, and
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in each case in
connection with which the aggregate actual or contingent
obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Contract
are greater than $1 million;
(E)
was entered into after June 30, 2006 or has not yet been
consummated, and involves the acquisition or disposition, directly
or indirectly (by merger or otherwise), of material assets or any
capital stock or other equity interests of another
Person;
(F)
by its terms calls for aggregate payments by the Company and its
Subsidiaries under such Contract of more than $10 million per
year;
(G)
with respect to any acquisition, pursuant to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries has (x) any continuing indemnification
obligations that could result in payments in excess of
$1 million, or (y) any “earn-out” or other
contingent payment obligations that could result in payments in
excess of $1 million; and
(H)
involves any directors or executive officers of the Company (or to
the Knowledge of the Company, any of the Company’s controlled
affiliates) that cannot be cancelled by the Company (or the
applicable Subsidiary of the Company) within 30 days’
notice without liability, penalty or premium.
Each Contract of
the type described in clauses (A) through (G) is referred
to herein as a “ Material Contract
”.
(ii) Except as
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, each Material Contract
is valid and binding on the Company and any Subsidiary of the
Company which is a party thereto and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, each other party thereto and is in full force and effect,
and the Company and its Subsidiaries have performed and complied
with all material obligations required to be performed or complied
with by them under each Material Contract. There is no default
under any Material Contract by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, by any other
party, and no event has occurred that with the lapse of time or the
giving of notice or both would constitute a default thereunder by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or to the Knowledge of the
Company, by any other party, except which would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect.
(q)
Proxy Statement; Other Filings . The letter to stockholders,
notice of meeting, proxy statement and form of proxy that will be
provided to stockholders of the Company in connection with the
Merger (including any amendments or supplements) and any schedules
required to be filed with the SEC in connection therewith
(collectively, the “ Proxy Statement ”),
at the time the Proxy Statement is first mailed and at the time of
the Stockholders’ Meeting, and any other document to be filed
with the SEC in
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connection with
the Merger (the “ Other Filings ”), at
the time of its filing with the SEC, will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made,
not misleading, except that no representation or warranty is made
by the Company with respect to information supplied in writing by
Parent, Merger Sub or any affiliate of Parent or Merger Sub
expressly for inclusion therein. The Proxy Statement and the Other
Filings will comply as to form in all material respects with the
provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the
SEC promulgated thereunder.
(r)
Real Property . Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries
owns any real property. Section 5.1(r) of the Company
Disclosure Letter identifies all material leases, subleases and
other agreements under which the Company or its Subsidiaries uses
or occupies or has the right to use or occupy, now or in the future
any real property (the “ Leased Properties
”). The Leased Properties are leased to the Company or its
Subsidiaries pursuant to written leases, true, correct and complete
copies, including all amendments thereto, of which have been made
available to Parent. Except as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect, the Company or its Subsidiaries has a good and
valid leasehold interest in each of the Leased Properties free and
clear of all Liens, except to the extent that any such matters do
not materially interfere with the present use of any of the Leased
Properties subject thereto or affected thereby. Except for matters
that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected
to have a Company Material A
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