AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

         Exhibit A    Form of Rule 145 Letter

1.1    Effective Time of the Merger . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Closing, Buyer and the Company shall jointly prepare and cause to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger in such form as is required by, and executed by the Company in accordance with, the relevant provisions of the DGCL and shall make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL. The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such later time as is agreed in writing by Buyer and the Company and set forth in the certificate of merger (the “ Effective Time ”).

1.2    Closing . The closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at 1:00 p.m., Pacific Time, on a date to be specified by Buyer and the Company (the “ Closing Date ”), which shall be on the same Business Day as all of the conditions set forth in Article VII are satisfied or waived, at the offices of Heller Ehrman LLP, 275 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, California, unless another date, place or time is agreed to in writing by Buyer and the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, a “ Business Day ” shall be any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday or (ii) a day on which banking institutions located in San Francisco, California are required by law, executive order or governmental decree to remain closed.

1.3    Effects of the Merger . At the Effective Time, the separate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company. The Company, as the corporation surviving the Merger, is sometimes referred to herein as the “ Surviving Corporation .” The Merger shall have the effects set forth in Section 259 of the DGCL.

1.4    Certificate of Incorporation . At the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be amended and restated to read in its entirety so as to conform to the Certificate of Incorporation of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time (except that Article I of the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall read as follows “The name of the Company is @Road, Inc.”) and, as so amended and restated, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the provisions thereof and as provided by applicable law.

1.5    Bylaws . At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of the Company, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be amended and restated to read in their entirety so as to conform to the Bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time and, as so amended and restated, shall become the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended as provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and such Bylaws.

1.6     Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation . 

(a)    The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.

(b)    The officers of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.

2.1    Conversion of Capital Stock .  As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Buyer, Merger Sub, the Company or the holder of any shares of the capital stock of the Company or capital stock of Merger Sub:

(a)    Capital Stock of Merger Sub .  Each share of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, of the Surviving Corporation.

(b)    Cancellation of Treasury Stock and Buyer-Owned Stock .  All shares of capital stock of the Company that are owned by the Company as treasury stock and any shares of the capital stock of the Company owned by Buyer, Merger Sub or any other wholly owned Subsidiary (as defined in Section 3.1(a) below) of the Company or Buyer immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.

(c)    Merger Consideration for Company Common Stock .  Each share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (“ Company Common Stock ”) (other than (i) shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and (ii) Dissenting Shares (as defined in Section 2.3(a) below)) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically converted into the right to receive: (i) an amount in cash equal to $5.00 (the “ Company Common Tranche One Consideration ”) and (ii) a mixture of cash and/or a fraction of a validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, no par value, of Buyer (“ Buyer Common Stock ”) having an aggregate Value (as determined in accordance with the procedures set forth below) of $2.50, the proportions of which mixture of cash and/or Buyer Common Stock shall be determined in the sole discretion of Buyer (the consideration to be paid pursuant to this clause (ii), the “ Company Common Tranche Two Consideration ” and, together with the Company Common Tranche One consideration, the “ Company Common Consideration ”). For purposes of this Agreement, the “ Value ” of the components of the Company Common Tranche Two Consideration to be paid pursuant to clause (ii) in the preceding sentence shall be determined (A) for the portion of the consideration to be paid in cash, if any, with reference to the cash amount of such portion, and (B) for the portion of the consideration to be paid in shares of Buyer Common Stock, if any, with reference to the average of the closing sales price for a share of Buyer Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Market (“ Nasdaq ”) for the five (5) consecutive trading days ending with, but including, the trading day that is six (6) trading days prior to the date of the Closing Date (the “ Applicable Buyer Stock Price ”). Buyer shall notify the Company in writing of its election with respect to relative proportions of the components of the Company Common Tranche Two

(d)    Merger Consideration for Series A-1 and Series A-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock . Each share of Series A-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“ Series A-1 Preferred Stock ”) and each share of Series A-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“ Series A-2 Preferred Stock ”) (other than (i) shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and (ii) Dissenting Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time) shall be automatically converted into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to $100.00 plus all declared or accumulated but unpaid dividends with respect to such shares as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, calculated in accordance with Section 2 of the Company’s Certificate of Designations, Rights and Preferences (the “ Certificate of Designations ”) of Series A-1 and Series A-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock and Series B-1 and Series B-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “ Series A Consideration ”). The Series A-1 Preferred Stock and the Series A-2 Preferred Stock are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “ Series A Preferred Stock .” As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any such shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Series A Consideration pursuant to this Section 2.1(d) upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with Section 2.2, without interest.

(e)    Merger Consideration for Series B-1 and Series B-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock . Each share of Series B-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“ Series B-1 Preferred Stock ”) and each share of Series B-2 Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“ Series B-2 Preferred Stock ”) (other than (i) shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and (ii) Dissenting Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time) shall be automatically converted into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to $830.48 plus all declared or accumulated but unpaid dividends with respect to such shares as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, calculated in accordance with Section 2 of the Certificate of Designations (the “ Series B Consideration ”). The Series B-1 Preferred Stock and the Series B-2 Preferred Stock are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “ Series B Preferred Stock ” and the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series B Preferred Stock are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “ Company Preferred Stock .” As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any such shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Series B Consideration pursuant to this Section 2.1(e) upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with Section 2.2, without interest. The Company Common Consideration, the Series A Consideration and the Series B Consideration are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “ Merger Consideration .”

(f)    Adjustments to Merger Consideration . The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted as appropriate to reflect fully the effect of any reclassification, stock split, reverse split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock), reorganization, recapitalization or other like change with respect to Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock occurring (or for which a record date is established) after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time.

(g)    Fractional Shares . No fraction of a share of Buyer Common Stock will be issued by virtue of the Merger, but in lieu thereof each holder of shares of Company Common Stock or Company Stock Options who would otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a share of Buyer Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Buyer Common Stock that otherwise would be received by such holder) shall, upon surrender of such holder’s Certificate(s), be entitled to receive from Buyer an amount of cash (rounded down to the nearest whole cent), without interest, equal to the product of: (i) such fraction, multiplied by (ii) the Applicable Buyer Stock Price.

2.2    Exchange of Certificates .  The procedures for exchanging certificates representing shares of Company Common Stock and/or Company Preferred Stock for the applicable Merger Consideration pursuant to the Merger are as follows:

(a)    Exchange Agent . At or promptly following the Effective Time, Buyer shall deposit with a bank or trust company designated by Buyer and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Exchange Agent ”), for the benefit of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock and the holders of shares of Company Preferred Stock, in each case issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, for payment through the Exchange Agent in accordance with this Section 2.2, cash and Buyer Common Stock in an amount sufficient to make payment of the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.1 in exchange for all of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock and Company Preferred Stock (the “ Exchange Fund ”).

(b)    Exchange Procedures . Promptly after the Effective Time, Buyer shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of a certificate which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock (each, a “ Certificate ”) (i) a letter of transmittal in customary form and (ii) instructions for effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the applicable Merger Consideration payable with respect thereto. Upon surrender of a Certificate for cancellation to the Exchange Agent, together with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the applicable Merger Consideration that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article II, and the Certificate so surrendered shall immediately be cancelled. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock which is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, the applicable Merger Consideration may be delivered to a Person other than the Person in whose name the Certificate so surrendered is registered, if such Certificate is presented to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Buyer) and by evidence satisfactory to Buyer that all applicable stock transfer taxes that may be payable in connection with the issuance of shares of Buyer Common Stock in any name other than the name of the registered holder of the Certificates surrendered have been paid. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2, each Certificate shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the applicable Merger Consideration as contemplated by this Section 2.2. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Person ” means any natural person, company, corporation, limited liability company, general partnership, limited partnership, trust, proprietorship, joint venture, business organization or Governmental Entity.

(c)    No Further Ownership Rights in Company Stock . All Merger Consideration paid upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates evidencing shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been paid in satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock, and from and after the Effective Time there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent for any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as provided in this Article II.

(d)    Investment of Exchange Fund . The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Buyer on a daily basis; provided that no such investment or loss thereon shall affect the amounts payable to the holders of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock pursuant to this Article II. Any interest and other income resulting from such investment shall become a part of the Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of the amounts payable to the holders of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock pursuant to this Article II shall be paid to Buyer as soon as practicable at the end of each calendar month.

(e)    Termination of Exchange Fund . Any portion of the Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock for six months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Buyer, upon demand, and any holder of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock who has not previously complied with this Section 2.2 shall look only to Buyer for payment of its claim for Merger Consideration without interest. Any such portion of the Exchange Fund remaining unclaimed by holders of shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Entity shall, to the extent permitted by law, become the property of Buyer free and clear of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.

(f)    No Liability . To the extent permitted by applicable law, none of Buyer, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent shall be liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock for any Merger Consideration in respect of such shares delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.

(g)    Withholding Rights . Each of Buyer, the Surviving Corporation and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the Merger Consideration or any other payment otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), or any other applicable state, local or foreign tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts (i) shall be remitted to the applicable Governmental Entity (as defined in Section 3.3(c)), and (ii) shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made.

(h)    Lost Certificates . If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed, the Exchange Agent shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the Merger Consideration deliverable in respect thereof pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however , that Buyer may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as it may reasonably direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against Buyer, the Surviving Corporation, the Company or the Exchange Agent with respect to the Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.

2.3    Appraisal Rights .

(a)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock held by a holder who is entitled to demand and has made a demand for appraisal of such shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock, as the case may be, in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL and has not voted in favor of the approval of this Agreement (any such shares being referred to as “ Dissenting Shares ” until such time as such holder fails to perfect or otherwise loses such holder’s appraisal rights under the DGCL with respect to such shares) shall not be converted into or represent the right to receive Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.1, but shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by the DGCL to a holder of Dissenting Shares.

(b)    If any Dissenting Shares shall lose their status as such (through failure to perfect or otherwise), then, as of the later of the Effective Time or the date of loss of such status, such shares shall automatically be converted into and shall represent only the right to receive Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.1, without interest thereon, upon surrender of the Certificates representing such shares.

(c)    The Company shall give Buyer (i) prompt notice of any written demand for appraisal received by the Company prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the DGCL, any withdrawal of any such demand and any other demand, notice or instrument delivered to the Company prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the DGCL that relate to such demand; and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demand, notice or instrument.

3.1    Organization; Standing and Power; Charter Documents; Subsidiaries .

(a)    Organization; Standing and Power . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (as defined below): (i) is a corporation or other organization duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (except, in the case of good standing, for entities organized under the laws of any jurisdiction that does not recognize such concept), (ii) has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted, and (iii) is duly qualified or licensed to do business and, where applicable as a legal concept, in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character of the properties it owns, operates or leases or nature of its business makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in the case of clause (iii) above where any failure to be so qualified, licensed or in good standing, when taken together with all other such failures to be so qualified, licensed or in good standing, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect (as defined below). For purposes of this Agreement, “ Subsidiary ,” when used with respect to any party, means any corporation or other organization, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which such party or any one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such party and one or more of its Subsidiaries: (i) directly or indirectly, owns or controls at least a majority of the securities or other interests which have by their terms voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or others performing similar functions with respect to such corporation or other organization or (ii) is entitled, by Contract or otherwise, to elect, appoint or designate directors constituting a majority of the members of the board of directors or other governing body of such corporation or other organization. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Company Material Adverse Effect ” means any change, event, circumstance or development that: (i) is or would reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the business, assets (including intangible assets), condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole other than any change, effect or circumstance resulting primarily from one or more of any of the following: (A) changes in national or international economic or business conditions generally which do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as compared with other participants in the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate; (B) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities, including acts of war or terrorism, which do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (C) changes generally affecting the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate which do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (D) changes in any law, rule or regulation or GAAP or the interpretation thereof; (E) any action required to be taken by the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to this Agreement or taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at the request of Buyer or Merger Sub; (F) any failure by the Company to meet securities’ analysts’ published estimates of revenues or earnings for any period ending after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date, and which failure shall have occurred in the absence of any other change, event or circumstance that would otherwise constitute a Company Material Adverse Effect; (G) changes resulting from the public announcement of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger; or (H) disruptions in financial, banking or securities markets generally which do not disproportionately affect the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or the securities of the Company or (ii) would reasonably be expected to prevent or materially delay the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(b)    Charter Documents . The Company has delivered or made available to Buyer: (i) a true and correct copy of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company, each as amended to date (collectively, the “ Company Charter Documents ”) and (ii) the certificate of incorporation and bylaws, or like organizational documents (collectively, “ Subsidiary Charter Documents ”), of each of its Subsidiaries. Each such instrument is in full force and effect. The Company is not in violation of any of the provisions of the Company Charter Documents and no Subsidiary is in violation of any of the provisions of its respective Subsidiary Charter Documents.

(c)    Subsidiaries . Section 3.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists each Subsidiary of the Company, the authorized and issued capital stock of each such Subsidiary (and the holder thereof), the officers and directors of each such Subsidiary and the jurisdiction of organization of each such Subsidiary. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, each such Subsidiary have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned by the Company or by a direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind or nature whatsoever, other than liens for taxes not yet due and payable (collectively, “ Liens ”) or restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws. Other than the capital stock of the Subsidiaries of the Company listed on Schedule 3.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests of any nature in, or any interest convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests of any nature in, any other entity.

3.2    Capital Structure .

(a)    The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 250,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 44,248 shares of which are designated as shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock, 44,248 shares of which are designated as shares of Series A-2 Preferred Stock, 4,868 shares of which are designated as shares of Series B-1 Preferred Stock, and 4,868 shares of which are designated as shares of Series B-2 Preferred Stock. As of the close of business on December 8, 2006: 62,212,369 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding, 23,441 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, 44,242 shares of Series A-2 Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, 4,835 shares of Series B-1 Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, and 4,862 shares of Series B-2 Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding. There are no shares of Company capital stock were held by the Company in its treasury and no shares of Company capital stock are owned or held by any Subsidiary of the Company. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to any preemptive rights.

(b)    Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list, as of the close of business on December 8, 2006 of: (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to outstanding options under each Company Stock Plan and the number of shares of Company Common Stock available for grant under each Company Stock Plan; and (ii) all outstanding options to acquire shares of Company Common Stock (“ Company Stock Options ”), indicating with respect to each such Company Stock Option the name of the holder thereof and whether such holder is an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company Stock Plan under which it was granted and whether such Company Stock Option is an “incentive stock option” (as defined in Section 422 of the Code) or a non-qualified stock option, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option, the exercise price and the date of grant thereof, the applicable vesting schedule of such Company Stock Option and the extent to which such Company Stock Option was vested and exercisable as of December 8, 2006, whether such Company Stock Option was granted with a per share exercise price lower than the fair market value of one share of Company Common Stock on the date of grant as determined in good faith by the Administrator of the Company Stock Plan (as defined in each such plan), and the expiration date of such Company Stock Option. As of the close of business on December 8, 2006, approximately 63,000 shares of Company Common Stock were issuable pursuant to the Company’s 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ Employee Stock Purchase Plan ”). For purposes of this Agreement, “ Company Stock Plans ” means the Company’s 1996 Stock Option Plan, the Company’s 2000 Stock Option Plan, the Company’s 2005 Stock Option Plan and the Company’s 2000 Directors’ Stock Option Plan, and all sub-plans relating thereto, taken together.

(c)    No bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (i) has the right to vote on any matters on which stockholders may vote (or which is convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having such right) or (ii) the value of which is any way based upon or derived from capital or voting stock of the Company, are issued or outstanding (collectively, “ Voting Debt ”).

(d)    Except as set forth in Sections 3.2(a) or Section 3.2(b) above, as of the close of business on December 8, 2006, (i) there were no shares of capital stock of the Company authorized, issued or outstanding; (ii) there were no options, warrants, calls, preemptive rights, subscription or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character, relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of the

(e)    Since the close of business on December 8, 2006, other than (i) the issuance of Company Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding as of the close of business on December 8, 2006 as disclosed in Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule in accordance with their terms as in effect on the date hereof, (ii) the issuance of Company Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan as in effect on the date hereof, (iii) the redemption of Company Preferred Stock in accordance with the provisions of the Company Charter Documents as in effect on the date hereof, (iv) the vesting, expiration or termination of Company Stock Options outstanding as of the close of business on December 8, 2006 as disclosed in Section 3.2(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule in accordance with the terms of the Company Stock Plans as in effect on the date hereof, (v) the issuance of those Company Stock Options identified in Section 3.2(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule that have been approved but not granted as of the close of business on December 8, 2006, and (vi) the issuance of no more than 150,000 Company Stock Options to new hires and to non-officer employees of the Company since the close of business on December 8, 2006, in each case in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and within the guidelines set forth in Section 5.2(h) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and with a per share exercise price no lower than the fair market value of one share of Company Common Stock on the date of grant, there has been no change in (A) the outstanding capital stock of the Company, (B) the number of Company Stock Options outstanding, or (C) the other options, warrants or other rights, commitments, agreements or arrangements relating to capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

3.3    Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents . 

(a)    The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and, subject to the adoption of this Agreement (the “ Company Voting Proposal ”) by the Required Company Stockholder Vote (as defined below), to perform its obligations hereunder and consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held, with all directors present and voting in favor, (i) determined that the Merger is fair and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, (ii) approved the Merger in accordance with the provisions of the DGCL, and (iii) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for their approval and resolved to recommend, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1 of this Agreement, that the stockholders of the Company vote in favor of the approval of this Agreement. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by the Company have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, subject only to the receipt of the Required Company Stockholder Vote. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

(b)    The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not, (i) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, any provision of the Company Charter Documents or the Subsidiary Charter Documents, (ii) conflict with, result in any violation or breach of, constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration of any obligation or loss of any material benefit) under, require a consent or waiver under, require the payment of a penalty or increased fees under or result in the imposition of any Lien on the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ assets pursuant to, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any lease, license, contract, subcontract, indenture, note, option or other agreement, instrument or obligation, written or oral, to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound (each, a “ Contract ”), or (iii) subject to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Vote and compliance with the requirements specified in clauses (i) through (vi) of Section 3.3(c), conflict with or violate any permit, concession, franchise, license, judgment, injunction, order, writ, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their respective properties or assets, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this Section 3.3(b), for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults, terminations, cancellations, modifications, accelerations, losses, penalties, increased fees or Liens, and for any consents or waivers not obtained, that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(c)    No consent, approval, action, license, permit, order, certification, concession, franchise or authorization of, or registration, declaration, notice or filing with, any federal, state, local or foreign court, arbitrational tribunal, administrative agency or commission or other governmental or regulatory authority, agency or instrumentality (a “ Governmental Entity ”) or any other Person is required to be obtained or made, as the case may be, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for (i) the pre-merger notification requirements under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR Act ”) and applicable foreign Antitrust Laws (as defined in Section 6.5(b)), (ii) the filing of the certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, (iii) the filing of the Proxy Statement (as defined in Section 3.4(b)) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“ SEC ”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), (iv) the filing and effectiveness of the Registration Statement with the SEC in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), (v) the filing of such reports, schedules or materials under Section 13 of, or Rule 14a-12 under, the Exchange Act as may be required in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (vi) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under applicable state securities laws or the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, and (vii) such other consents, approvals, licenses, permits, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, notices and filings which, if not obtained or made, would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(d)    The affirmative vote for approval and adoption of the Company Voting Proposal by the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock and Company Preferred Stock on the record date for the meeting of the Company’s stockholders to consider the Company Voting Proposal (the “ Company Stockholders Meeting ”), voting together as a single class (the “ Required Company Stockholder Vote ”) is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock or other securities necessary for the approval and adoption of this Agreement and for the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

3.4    SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Information Provided . 

(a)    The Company has filed or furnished all registration statements, reports, schedules and other documents required to be filed or furnished by it or any of its Subsidiaries with the SEC since December 31, 2003 (collectively, including any amendments thereto, the “ Company SEC Reports ”). As of their respective filing dates (or, if amended, as of the date of such amendment), the Company SEC Reports were prepared in accordance with, and complied in all material respects with, the requirements of the Exchange Act and the Securities Act, as the case may be, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, and none of the Company SEC Reports contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except to the extent corrected by a Company SEC Report filed subsequently (but prior to the date hereof). The Company has made available to Buyer complete and correct copies of all amendments and modifications effected prior to the date of this Agreement that have not yet been filed by the Company with the SEC but which are required to be filed. The Company has made available to Buyer true, correct and complete copies of all correspondence between the SEC, on the one hand, and the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, on the other, since December 31, 2003, including all SEC comment letters and responses to such comment letters by or on behalf of the Company. To the knowledge of the Company, as of the date hereof, none of the Company SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC comment. Each of the financial statements (including the related notes and schedules) of the Company included in, or incorporated by reference into, the Company SEC Reports (the “ Company Financials ”) complies in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, were prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“ GAAP ”) (except, in the case of unaudited financial statements, as permitted by applicable rules and regulations of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their consolidated results of operations for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited financial statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes). The Company has no current intention to correct or restate, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not any basis to correct or restate any of the Company Financials. The Company has not had any disagreement with any of its auditors regarding material accounting matters or policies during any of its past three full fiscal years or during the current fiscal year-to-date.

(b)    None of the information supplied or to be supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the registration statement on Form S-4 (or similar successor form) to be filed with the SEC by Buyer in connection with the issuance of Buyer Common Stock in the Merger (including amendments or supplements thereto) (the “ Registration Statement ”) will, at the time the Registration Statement

3.5    No Undisclosed Liabilities .  Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this Agreement or in the consolidated unaudited balance sheet of the Company as of September 30, 2006 (the “ Company Balance Sheet ”), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) that would be required by GAAP to be reflected on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries (including the notes thereto), except for liabilities (i) incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) incurred since the date of the Company Balance Sheet in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or (iii) that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any “off-balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K of the SEC).

3.6    Absence of Certain Changes or Events .  Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Reports, since the date of the Company Balance Sheet: (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (ii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action which, if taken after the date hereof, would require the consent of Buyer under Section 5.1 of this Agreement. Since the date of the Company Balance Sheet, there has not been any change, event, circumstance or development that, individually or in the aggregate, has had a Company Material Adverse Effect.

3.7    Taxes .

(a)    The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have timely filed all material Tax Returns (as defined below) that they were required to file, and all such Tax Returns were correct and complete in all material respects. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have paid on a timely basis all material Taxes due and payable (whether or not shown on any such Tax Returns), other than Taxes for which adequate reserves exist on the Company Balance Sheet. The material unpaid Taxes of the Company and its Subsidiaries for Tax periods through the date of the Company Balance Sheet do not exceed the accruals and reserves for Taxes set forth on the Company Balance Sheet exclusive of any accruals and reserves for “deferred taxes” or similar items that reflect timing differences between Tax and financial accounting principles. All liabilities for Taxes that arose since the date of the Company Balance Sheet arose in the ordinary course of business. All material Taxes that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or was required by law to withhold or collect have been duly withheld or collected and, to the extent required, have been paid to the proper Governmental Entity. There are no liens or encumbrances with respect to Taxes upon any of the assets or property of the Company or its Subsidiaries, other than liens for Taxes not yet due and payable. For purposes of this Agreement, (i) “ Taxes ” means (A) all taxes, charges, fees, levies or other similar assessments or liabilities, including income, gross receipts, ad valorem, premium, value-added, excise, real property, personal property, sales, use, services, license alternative or add-on minimum, transfer, withholding, employment, payroll and franchise taxes imposed by any federal, state, local or foreign government, or any agency thereof, and any interest, fines, penalties, assessments or additions to tax resulting from, attributable to or incurred in connection with any tax or any contest or dispute thereof, (B) any liability for the payment of any amounts of the type described in clause (A) of this sentence as a result of being a member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined, unitary or aggregate group for any taxable period, and (C) any liability for the payment of any amounts of the type described in clauses (A) or (B) of this sentence as a result of being a transferee of or successor to any Person or entity or as a result of any express or implied obligation to make a payment to any other Person or entity, and (ii) “ Tax Returns ” means all reports, returns, declarations, statements or other information required to be supplied to a taxing authority in connection with Taxes, including, without limitation, any information return, claim for refund, amended return or declaration of estimated Tax.

(b)    There are no material deficiencies for any amount of Taxes claimed, proposed or assessed by any taxing or other Governmental Entity in writing that have not been fully paid, settled or accrued for. The

(c)    Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries: (i) has made any payments, is obligated to make any payments, or is a party to any agreement that could obligate it to make any payments that will be treated as an “excess parachute payment” under Section 280G of the Code or would give rise to an excise Tax pursuant to Section 4999 of the Code; or (ii) has any actual or potential liability for any Taxes of any Person or entity (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of law in any jurisdiction), or as a transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise.

(d)    Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is or has ever been a member of a group of corporations with which it has filed (or been required to file) consolidated, combined or unitary Tax Returns, other than a group of which only the Company and its Subsidiaries are or were members or (ii) is a party to or bound by any Tax indemnity, Tax sharing, Tax allocation agreement or agreement where liability is determined by reference to the Tax liability of a third party.

(e)    Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been either a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution occurring during the last five years in which the parties to such distribution treated the distribution as one to which Section 355 of the Code is applicable.

3.8    Owned and Leased Real Properties .  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any real property. Section 3.8 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all real property leased, subleased or licensed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the “ Leased Real Property ”). The Company has made available to Buyer true, correct and complete copies of all Contracts under which the Leased Real Property is currently leased, licensed

3.9    Tangible Personal Property .  The Company and its Subsidiaries have legal and valid title to, or, in the case of leased properties, a valid and enforceable leasehold interest in, all of the tangible personal properties and assets used or held for use by the Company and its Subsidiaries in connection with the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, including all the tangible personal properties and assets reflected in the latest Company Financials included in the Company SEC Reports, except for such imperfections of title, if any, which do not materially impair the continued use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby, or otherwise materially impair business operations at such properties. All such tangible personal properties and assets are free and clear of all Liens, except for Permitted Liens or for such Liens, if any, which do not materially impair the continued use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby, or otherwise materially impair business operations at such properties. As used in this Agreement, “ Permitted Liens ” means: (i) statutory liens to secure obligations to landlords, lessors or renters under leases or rental agreements; (ii) deposits or pledges made in connection with, or to secure payment of, workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance or similar programs mandated by applicable law; (iii) statutory liens in favor of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics and materialmen, to secure claims for labor, materials or supplies and other like liens; and (iv) statutory purchase money liens.

3.10    Intellectual Property .

(a)    The Company and its Subsidiaries own, license, sublicense or otherwise possess (and immediately following Closing will own, license, sublicense or otherwise possess) legally enforceable rights to

(b)    The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss or impairment of or payment of any additional amounts with respect to, nor require the consent of any other Person in respect of, the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s right to own, use or hold for use any of the Intellectual Property as owned, used or held for use in the conduct of the business of the Company and Subsidiaries as currently conducted and will not result in the breach of; or create in any third party the right to terminate, suspend or modify; or result in the payment of any additional fees or any obligation not to compete or otherwise materially restrict business operations under, any Intellectual Property Licenses (as defined below), nor will the consummation of such transactions result in the Company or any of its Subsidiaries being required to procure or attempt to procure from Buyer or any of Buyer’s Subsidiaries a license to or covenant not to assert Buyer’s Intellectual Property. Section 3.10(b)(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all registrations and applications for registration of Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries, and Section 3.10(b)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all licenses, sublicenses and other agreements as to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party and pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is authorized to use any third party Intellectual Property that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, excluding non-exclusive, generally commercially available, off-the-shelf software programs (collectively, “ Intellectual Property Licenses ”).

(c)    All patents and registrations for trademarks, service marks and copyrights which are held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that are material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries are subsisting and have not expired or been cancelled or abandoned. To the knowledge of the Company, no third party is infringing, violating or misappropriating Intellectual Property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and no such claim has been asserted or threatened against any third party by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any other Person or entity, in the past three (3) years.

(d)    To the knowledge of the Company, the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted does not infringe, violate or constitute a misappropriation of any Intellectual Property of any third party and, except as disclosed in Section 3.10(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there has been no such claim asserted or threatened in the past three (3) years against the Company, its Subsidiaries or any other Person or entity.

(e)    The Company has taken commercially reasonable steps to protect and preserve its rights in any proprietary Intellectual Property (including executing confidentiality and intellectual property assignment agreements with the current executive officers and current employees and contractors that have or have had a material role in the development of the Company’s products and Intellectual Property).

(f)    No source code for any Company Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries has been delivered, licensed, or is subject to any source code escrow obligation by the Company or its Subsidiaries to a third party. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in a release from escrow or other disclosure or delivery to any third party of any source code that is part of the Company’s products, services or technology. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has disclosed or delivered or is under any contractual obligation to disclose or deliver to any third party any source code that is Company Intellectual Property.

(g)    The Company and its Subsidiaries have used commercially reasonable efforts to: (i) identify Open Source Materials (as defined below); and (ii) to avoid the release of the source code of the Company Intellectual Property. There has been no material deviation from such effort and procedures of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to Open Source Materials. Section 3.10(g) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list describing the material Open Source Materials and the parties (as applicable) to all material license agreements for Open Source Materials to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party. Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries is or will be required to disclose or distribute in source code form any of the software into which such Open Source Materials are incorporated. “ Open Source Materials ” means all Software or other material that is distributed as “open source software” or under a similar open source licensing or distribution model, including, but not limited to, the GNU General Public License (GPL), GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) and Mozilla Public License (MPL).

(h)    To the knowledge of the Company, all products of the Company and its Subsidiaries are free of: (i) any critical defects, including without limitation any critical error or critical omission in the processing of any transactions; and (ii) any disabling codes or instructions and any "back door," "time bomb," "Trojan horse," "worm," "drop dead device," "virus" or other software routines or hardware components that permit unauthorized

3.11    Contracts .

(a)    For purposes of this Agreement, “ Company Material Contract ” shall mean:

(i)    any “material contract” (within the meaning of Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act) with respect to the Company;

(ii)    any employment, consulting or other Contract with (A) any member of the Company Board or a member of the board of directors of any Subsidiary of the Company, (B) any executive officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (C) any other employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries earning an annual salary equal to or in excess of $200,000, other than those Contracts terminable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on no more than thirty (30) days notice without liability or financial obligation to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

(iii)    any Contract containing any covenant (A) limiting, in any material respect, the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any line of business or compete with any Person or (B) granting any exclusive rights to make, sell or distribute the Company’s products or the products of any of its Subsidiaries;

(iv)    any Contract containing “most favored nations” pricing or commercial terms or other similar terms in favor of a third party;

(v)    any Contract (A) relating to the disposition or acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, with obligations remaining to be performed or liabilities continuing after the date of this Agreement, of assets for consideration in excess of $500,000, other than in the ordinary course of business, other than inventory purchase commitments entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or (B) relating to any interest in any other Person or other business enterprise other than its Subsidiaries;

(vi)    any Contract to provide source code into any escrow or to any third party (under any circumstances) for any product or technology that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(vii)    any Contract to license to any third party the right to reproduce any of the Company’s Intellectual Property, products, services or technology or any Contract to sell or distribute any of the Company’s Intellectual Property, products, services or technology, except (A) agreements with sales representatives or other resellers in the ordinary course of business, or (B) agreements allowing internal backup copies made or to be made by end-user customers in the ordinary course of business;

(viii)    any mortgages, indentures, guarantees, loans or credit agreements, security agreements, promissory notes or other Contracts relating to the borrowing of money, extension of credit or other indebtedness, other than accounts receivable and accounts payable in the ordinary course of business;

(ix)    any settlement agreement entered into within the three (3) years prior to the date of this Agreement or which is otherwise still executory, other than (A) releases immaterial in nature or amount entered into with former employees or independent contractors of the Company in the ordinary course of business in connection with the cessation of such employee’s or independent contractor’s employment or association with the Company, (B) settlement agreements for cash only (which has been paid) in an amount not exceeding $200,000 or (C) settlements pursuant to which neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material continuing obligation or liability;

(x)    any Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received or granted a license relating to any Intellectual Property that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than non-exclusive licenses extended to customers, clients, distributors or other resellers in the ordinary course of business and other than non-exclusive licenses for generally commercially available, off-the-shelf software programs;

(xi)    any partnership or joint venture agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party;

(xii)    any Contract with a customer that accounted for net recognized revenues in 2005 or 2006 of more than $1,000,000 in the aggregate; and

(xiii)    any Contract (other than Leases) with a vendor pursuant to which the Company incurred payables in 2005 or 2006 of more than $1,000,000 in the aggregate.

(b)    Section 3.11(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list (organized in subsections corresponding to the subsections of Section 3.11(a) of this Agreement) of all Company Material Contracts as of the date hereof.

(c)    Each Company Material Contract is valid and binding, in full force and effect and is enforceable by the Company or its Subsidiaries in accordance with its respective terms (subject to the bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles), except to the extent it has previously expired in accordance with its terms and except for such failures to be valid and binding or in full force and effect that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its Subsidiaries have performed in all material respects all respective obligations required to be performed by them under the Company Material Contracts and are not, and, as of the date hereof, are not alleged in writing to be (with or without notice, the lapse of time or both) in breach thereof or default thereunder, and, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has violated any provision of, or committed or failed to perform any act which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both, would constitute a default under the provisions of any Company Material Contract, except in each case, for those failures to perform, breaches, violations and defaults that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

3.12    Litigation .  Except as disclosed in Section 3.12 of the Company Disclosure Schedule,   there is no action, suit, proceeding, claim, arbitration or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their assets, properties or rights. There are no judgments, orders, settlements or decrees outstanding against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that have or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or impairing any business practice or prohibited the transfer of Intellectual Property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in such a way as, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. As of the date of this Agreement, no officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a defendant in any action or, to the knowledge of the Company, the subject of any investigation commenced by any Governmental Entity with respect to the performance of his or her duties as an officer and/or director of the Company. There are not currently, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, have there been since January 1, 2003, any internal investigations or inquiries being conducted by the Company, the Company Board (or any committee thereof) or any third party at the request of any of the foregoing concerning any financial, accounting, tax, conflict of interest, illegal activity, fraudulent or deceptive conduct or other misfeasance or malfeasance issues.

3.13    Environmental Matters

(a)    Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect:

(i)    neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries has received (A) any written notice alleging that any of them has not complied with applicable Environmental Laws or (B) any written notice, demand, claim or request for information alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be in violation of or subject to liability under any Environmental Law;

(ii)    neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received a written notice alleging that any of them may be subject to liability for any Hazardous Substance disposal, release or contamination;

(iii)    neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any investigations, proceedings, orders, decrees or injunctions by or issued by any Governmental Entity or is subject to any indemnity agreement with any third party relating to liability under any Environmental Law;

(iv)    the Company and its Subsidiaries are, and at all prior times have been, in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, including possession and compliance with the terms of all Company Permits required by Environmental Laws; and

(v)    Hazardous Substances have not been generated, transported, treated, stored, disposed of, arranged to be disposed of or released by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, otherwise at, on, from or under any of the properties or facilities currently or formerly owned, leased or otherwise used by any of the Company or its Subsidiaries, in a manner or to a location that would give rise to liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or require any remediation or reporting by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, under or relating to, any Environmental Laws.

(b)    For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Environmental Law ” means any law, statute, regulation, rule, judgment, order, decree or permit requirement of, or issued by, any Governmental Entity relating to: (i) pollution or the protection, investigation or restoration of the environment, human health and safety, or natural resources, (ii) the manufacture, processing, distribution, handling, use, storage, treatment, transport, disposal, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance or (iii) noise, odor or wetlands protection.

(c)    For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ Hazardous Substance ” means: (i) any substance that is regulated or which falls within the definition of a “hazardous substance,” “hazardous waste,” “hazardous material,” “solid waste,” “pollutant,” “contaminant,” “toxic waste” or any other term of similar import under any Environmental Law; or (ii) any petroleum product or by-product, chemical, asbestos-containing material, polychlorinated biphenyls, radioactive materials, lead or lead-based paints or materials, toxic fungus or mold, mycotoxins or radon.

3.14    Employee Benefit Plans .

(a)    Section 3.14(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list as of the date of this Agreement of all material Employee Benefit Plans to which the Company, any of the Company’s Subsidiaries or any of their ERISA Affiliates contribute, sponsor or have any liability (together, the “ Company Employee Plans ”). For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (i) “ Employee Benefit Plan ” means any “employee pension benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), any “employee welfare benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), including the Company Stock Plans and, without limitation, all severance, employment, change-in-control, material fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation and employee loan arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including any funding mechanism therefore now in effect or required in the future as a result of the transaction contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise), whether formal or informal, oral or written under which (A) any current or former employee, director or consultant of the Company or its Subsidiaries (the “ Company Employees ”) has any present or future right to benefits and which are contributed to, sponsored by or maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any present or future liability, for the benefit of, or relating to, any current or former employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or an ERISA Affiliate; (ii) “ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended; and (iii) “ERISA Affiliate” means any entity which is a member of (A) a controlled group of corporations (as defined in Section 414(b) of the Code), (B) a group of trades or businesses under common control (as defined in Section 414(c) of the Code), or (C) an affiliated service group (as defined under Section 414(m) of the Code or the regulations under Section 414(o) of the Code), any of which includes or included the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.

(b)    With respect to each Company Employee Plan, the Company has made available to Buyer a complete and accurate copy of each Company Employee Plan and, to the extent applicable or in existence: (i) the most recent IRS determination letter; (ii) any summary plan description; (iii) a summary of any proposed amendments or changes anticipated to be made to the Company Employee Plans at any time within the twelve months immediately following the date hereof and which have been communicated to employees; (iv) the most recent annual report (Form 5500) filed with the IRS; and (v) each trust agreement, group annuity contract or other funding instrument, if any, relating to such Company Employee Plan.

(c)    Each Company Employee Plan that is not a Foreign Benefit Plan (as defined in Section 3.14(i)) has been administered in all material respects in accordance with ERISA, the Code and all other applicable laws and the regulations thereunder and in accordance with its terms; (ii) no event has occurred and, to the knowledge of the Company, no condition exists that would subject the Company or its Subsidiaries, either directly or by reason of their affiliation with any ERISA Affiliate, to any tax, fine, lien, penalty or other liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other applicable laws, rules and regulations that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect; (iii) no Company Employee Plan is a split-dollar life insurance program or otherwise provides for loans (except for routine advances for business expenses in the ordinary course and similar items) to executive officers (within the meaning of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act); and (iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any current or projected liability in respect of post-employment or post-retirement health, medical or life insurance benefits for current, former or retired employees of Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the United States, except as required to avoid an excise tax under Section 4980B of the Code or otherwise except as may be required pursuant to any other applicable law.

(d)    With respect to the Company Employee Plans that are not Foreign Benefit Plans, there are no material benefit obligations for which contributions have not been made if due or properly accrued in the Company’s financial books and records to the extent required by GAAP. The assets of each Company Employee Plan which is funded are reported at their fair market value on the financial books and records of such Employee Benefit Plan.

(e)    All the Company Employee Plans that are intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code are so qualified and have received determination letters from the IRS to the effect that such Company Employee Plans are qualified and the plans and trusts related thereto are exempt from federal income taxes under Sections 401(a) and 501(a), respectively, of the Code, or the period for obtaining such a determination letter has not yet closed.

(f)    Neither the Company, any of its Subsidiaries nor any of their ERISA Affiliates has ever (i) contributed to a Company Employee Plan or any other employee benefit plan which was ever subject to Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA or (ii) been obligated to contribute to a “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA).

(g)    Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any oral or written (i) agreement with any stockholders, or any present or former director, executive officer or other key employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (A) the benefits of which are contingent, or the terms of which are materially altered, upon the occurrence of a transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of the nature of any of

(h)    With respect to any Company Employee Plan, no administrative investigation, audit or other administrative proceeding by the Department of Labor, the IRS or other United States governmental agencies is in progress or, to the knowledge of the Company, pending or threatened.

(i)    Section 3.14(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all Company Employee Plans that are maintained outside the jurisdiction of the United States, or that cover any employee residing or working outside the United States (except for those Company Employee Plans set forth as such in Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, each a “ Foreign Benefit Plan ”). With respect to any Foreign Benefit Plans, (i) all Foreign Benefit Plans have been established, maintained and administered in material compliance with their terms and all applicable statutes, laws, ordinances, rules, orders, decrees, judgments, writs, and regulations of any controlling governmental authority or instrumentality; (ii) all Foreign Benefit Plans that are required to be funded are fully funded, and with respect to all other Foreign Benefit Plans, adequate reserves therefor have been established on the accounting statements of the applicable Company or Subsidiary entity, and (iii) no liability or obligation of the Company or its Subsidiaries exists with respect to such Foreign Benefit Plans that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(j)    Any Company Employee Plan that is a nonqualified deferred compensation plan within the meaning of Section 409A(d)(1) of the Code has been operated since January 1, 2005 in good faith compliance with Section 409A of the Code, IRS Notice 2005-1 and all other guidance issued thereunder.

3.15    Compliance With Laws . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable statutes, laws, rules, orders and regulations material to the operation of the business of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries. No notice has been received by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from any Governmental Entity alleging any violation of any applicable statutes, laws, rules, orders or regulations, except for violations that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries.

3.16    Permits .  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have all permits, licenses, franchises, certificates and authorizations (the “ Company Permits ”) from Governmental Entities required to conduct their businesses as now being conducted, except for such permits, licenses, franchises, certificates and authorizations, the absence of which, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with the terms of the Company Permits.

3.17    Labor Matters .  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable statutes, laws, rules, orders and regulations respecting employment, employment practices, terms, conditions and classifications of employment, employee safety and health, immigration status and wages and hours, and in each case, with respect to employees/independent contractors (i) are not liable for any arrears of wages, severance pay or any Taxes or any penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing and (ii) are not liable for any payment to any trust or other fund governed by or maintained by or on behalf of any Governmental Entity, with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for employees/independent contractors (other than routine payments to be mad