AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
ITHAKA ACQUISITION
CORP.,
ITHAKA SUB ACQUISITION
CORP.,
CERTAIN OF THE SHAREHOLDERS
OF
ALSIUS CORPORATION
DATED AS OF OCTOBER 3,
2006
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND
PLAN OF MERGER is made and entered into as of October 3, 2006,
by and among Ithaka Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation
(“ Parent ”), Ithaka Sub Acquisition Corp., a
California corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent
(“ Merger Sub ”), Alsius Corporation, a
California corporation (“ Company ”), and each
of the persons listed under the caption “Signing
Shareholders” on the signature page hereof, such persons
being certain of the shareholders of the Company (each a “
Signing Shareholder ” and, collectively, the “
Signing Shareholders ”). Notwithstanding anything in
this Agreement to the contrary, the parties acknowledge that,
although the Signing Shareholders have approved and adopted this
entire Agreement in accordance with Section 1.13(a), the only
covenants that bind them in their capacities as Signing
Shareholders are Sections 1.5(a), 1.13, 1.14, 1.18, 5.10,
5.11, 5.12, 5.13 and 5.14.
A. Upon the
terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement (as defined
in Section 1.2) and in accordance with the California Business
Corporation Act (the “ CGCL ”), Parent and the
Company intend to enter into a business combination transaction by
means of a merger between Merger Sub and the Company in which the
Company will merge with Merger Sub and be the surviving entity and
a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.
B. The Boards
of Directors of each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub have
determined that the Merger (as defined in Section 1.1) is fair
to, and in the best interests of, their respective companies and
their respective stockholders.
C. The
parties intend, by executing this Agreement, to adopt a plan of
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code
”).
NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the covenants, promises and representations set
forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the
parties agree as follows (defined terms used in this Agreement are
listed alphabetically in Article IX, together with the Section
and, if applicable, paragraph number in which the definition of
each such term is located):
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1.1 The
Merger . At the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.2)
and subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement
and the applicable provisions of the CGCL , Merger Sub shall
be merged with and into the Company (the “ Merger
”), the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall
cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation.
The Company as the surviving corporation after the Merger is
hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “ Surviving
Corporation .”
1.2 Effective
Time; Closing . Subject to the conditions of this Agreement,
the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by
filing with the Secretary of State of the State of California in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the CGCL a certified
copy of this Agreement (the “ Certificate of Merger
”) (the time of such filing with the Secretary of State of
the State of California, or such later time as may be agreed in
writing by the Company and Parent and specified in the Certificate
of Merger, being the “ Effective Time ”) as soon
as practicable on or after the Closing Date (as herein defined).
The term “ Agreement ” as used herein refers to
this Agreement and Plan of Merger, as the same may be amended from
time to time, and all schedules hereto (including the Company
Schedule and the Parent Schedule, as defined in the preambles to
Articles II and III hereof, respectively). Unless this Agreement
shall have been terminated pursuant to Section 8.1, the
closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall
take place at the offices of Graubard Miller, counsel to Parent,
The Chrysler Building, 405 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York
10174-1901, at a time and date to be specified by the parties,
which shall be no later than the second business day after the
satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in
Article VI, or at such other time, date and location as the
parties hereto agree in writing (the “ Closing Date
”). Closing signatures may be transmitted by
facsimile.
1.3 Effect of
the Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger
shall be as provided in this Agreement and the applicable
provisions of the CGCL. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time all the
property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company
and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all
debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall
become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
1.4 Articles of
Incorporation; Bylaws .
(a) At the
Effective Time, the Articles of Incorporation of the Company shall
be amended and restated by the filing under the CGCL of an Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company in the form
annexed hereto as Exhibit A , which, as so filed, shall
be the Articles of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until
thereafter amended as provided by law and such Articles of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Also, at the
Effective Time, the Bylaws of Merger Sub, a copy of which is
annexed hereto as Exhibit B , shall be the Bylaws of
the Surviving Corporation.
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1.5 Effect on
Capital Stock . Subject to the terms and conditions of this
Agreement, at the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and this
Agreement and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the
Company or the holders of any of the securities of the Company, the
following shall occur:
(a) Conversion
of Company Capital Stock . Other than any shares to be canceled
pursuant to Section 1.5(c), all shares of capital stock, no
par value, of the Company (“ Company Capital Stock
”) and convertible promissory notes (“ Notes
”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time, including shares of Company Capital Stock subject to
dissenters’ rights in accordance with Section 1.17, will
be automatically converted (subject to Section 1.5(f)), on the
Closing Date, into the right to receive (i) 8,000,000 shares of
Parent Common Stock (as defined in Section 3.3(a)) (“
Merger Shares ”) and (ii) the Milestone Shares
(as defined in Section 1.5(b)(iii)), all of which shall be
distributed to the holders of the Company Capital Stock and Notes
in accordance with the priorities set forth in
Schedule 1.5(a) , pro rata in accordance with the
number of shares of Company Capital Stock or principal amount of
Notes, as the case may be, held by each such holder. The Company
and the Signing Shareholders acknowledge that, as a result of the
priorities set forth in Schedule 1.5(a) , the holders
of common stock and preferred stock of the Company, other than
holders of Series F Preferred Stock, may not be entitled to
receive any Merger Shares or Milestone Shares. For purposes of
Schedule 1.5(a) , the Merger Shares shall be valued at the
last sale price on the third trading day immediately preceding the
Closing Date.
(i) For each of
the fiscal years 2007, 2008 and 2009 for which the Revenues (as
defined in Section 1.5(b)(iii)) of the Surviving Corporation
equal or exceed 80% of the “ Revenue Target ”
set forth below for such year, Parent shall issue that percentage
of the shares of Parent Common Stock set forth in
Section 1.5(b)(ii) as “ Target Shares ” for
such year determined as follows:
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Revenues as % of
Revenue Target
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Percentage of Target
Shares
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0
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%
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50% plus 50%
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multiplied by a
fraction the numerator of which is the difference between actual
Revenues as a percentage of the Revenue Target less 80% and the
denominator of which is 20%. By way of illustration, if actual
Revenues are 87.5%, the percentage of Target Shares to be issued
would be 50% plus 50% (87.5%-80%)/20% = 50% plus 18.75%
=68.75%.
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(C) Greater
than 100% but less than 120%
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100
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%
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In addition to
the Target Shares, if, for any such year, the actual Revenues are
equal to or in excess of 120% of the Revenue Target for such year,
Parent shall issue that number of “ 120% Target Shares
” set forth in Section 1.5(b)(ii).
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(ii) The Revenue
Targets, Target Shares and 120% Target Shares for each of the
fiscal years 2007, 2008 and 2009 shall be as follows:
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Year
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Revenue Target
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Target Shares
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120% Target Shares
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$
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14,800,000
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500,000
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250,000
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$
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28,000,000
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1,500,000
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250,000
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$
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47,000,000
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3,000,000
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500,000
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(iii) As used in
this Agreement, (A) the term “ Revenues ”
shall mean the revenues of the Surviving Corporation, calculated in
a manner consistent with the Audited Financial Statements (as
defined in Section 2.7), for the fiscal year in question, as
derived from the audited financial statements of Parent and its
subsidiaries for such year as publicly reported, excluding revenues
from acquisitions of businesses made after the date of this
Agreement and (B) the term “ Milestone Shares
” shall mean shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant
to the provisions of this Section 1.5(b).
(iv) Milestone
Shares, to the extent earned, shall be issued, in accordance with
the priorities set forth in Schedule 1.5(a) after
giving effect to the shares of Parent Common Stock issued pursuant
to Section 1.5(a), no later than April 30
th of the year following the year with respect to
which they are earned or as soon as practicable thereafter. For
purposes of Schedule 1.5(a), the Milestone Shares shall be
valued at the last sale price on the third trading day preceding
the date of issuance. Notwithstanding anything in this
Section 1.5 to the contrary, Milestone Shares otherwise
distributable with respect to Dissenting Shares shall be
distributed to the holders of Company Capital Stock and Notes other
than the holders of Dissenting Shares.
(v) The provisions
of this Section 1.5(b) shall remain in effect notwithstanding
any acquisition, merger, consolidation, stock exchange, asset sale
or similar event affecting the Surviving Corporation or Parent.
Following such event, the acquiring or surviving party will
continue to be obligated to issue Milestone Shares in accordance
with Schedule 1.5(a) to the extent Parent would have been
obligated to do so had such event not occurred. Following such
event, if applicable, any unissued portion of Milestone Shares
previously payable in Parent Common Stock will be payable in the
form of the security or other consideration into which Parent
Common Stock is converted. Neither the Surviving Corporation nor
Parent will consummate any acquisition, merger, consolidation,
stock exchange, asset sale or similar event without providing for
the potential economic benefits of this Section 1.5(b).
(c)
Cancellation of Treasury and Parent-Owned Stock . Each share
of Company Capital Stock held by the Company or owned by Merger
Sub, Parent or any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Company or of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be canceled and extinguished without any conversion or
payment in respect thereof.
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(d) Capital
Stock of Merger Sub . Each share of Common Stock, par value, of
Merger Sub (the “ Merger Sub Common Stock ”)
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of common stock, no par value, of the Surviving
Corporation. Each certificate evidencing ownership of shares of
Merger Sub Common Stock shall evidence ownership of such shares of
common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
(e) Adjustments
to Exchange Ratios . The numbers of shares of Parent Common
Stock that the holders of the Company Capital Stock are entitled to
receive as a result of the Merger shall be equitably adjusted to
reflect appropriately the effect of any stock split, reverse stock
split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of
securities convertible into Parent Common Stock), reorganization,
recapitalization, reclassification, combination, exchange of shares
or other like change with respect to Parent Common Stock occurring
on or after the date hereof and prior to the completion of the
issuance, if any, of the Milestone Shares.
(f) Fractional
Shares . No fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock will be
issued by virtue of the Merger, and each holder of shares of
Company Capital Stock or Notes who would otherwise be entitled to a
fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock (after aggregating all
fractional shares of Parent Common Stock that otherwise would be
received by such holder) shall, upon compliance with
Section 1.6, receive from Parent, in lieu of such fractional
share, one (1) share of Parent Common Stock.
1.6 Surrender
of Certificates; Uncertificated Shares .
(a) Exchange
Agent . Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“
Continental ”) shall be designated by the parties
hereto to act as the exchange agent (the “ Exchange
Agent ”) in the Merger.
(b) Parent to
Provide Common Stock . Promptly after the Effective Time, and
in no event more than three (3) business days thereafter,
Parent shall make available to the Exchange Agent, for exchange in
accordance with this Article I, the shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.5 (other than Milestone
Shares) in exchange for outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock
and Notes and any dividends or distributions to which holders of
shares of Company Capital Stock may be entitled pursuant to
Section 1.6(e).
(c) Exchange
Procedures . The certificates representing the shares of Parent
Common Stock issuable with respect to certificates for shares of
Company Capital Stock and Notes (collectively, “ Company
Instruments ”) shall be issued to the holders of Company
Instruments upon surrender of the Company Instruments in the manner
provided in this Section 1.6 (or in the case of a lost, stolen
or destroyed instrument, upon delivery of an affidavit (and
indemnity, if required) in the manner provided in
Section 1.8). Each holder shall be issued two separate
certificates (in equal amounts) for such holder’s Escrow
Shares (as defined in Section 1.11) and two separate
certificates (in equal amounts) for the remaining number of shares
of Parent Common Stock to which such holder is entitled. Promptly
after the Effective Time, and in no event more than
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three
(3) business days thereafter, Parent shall cause the Exchange
Agent to mail to each holder of record (as of the Effective Time)
of Company Instruments, which immediately prior to the Effective
Time represented outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock and
Notes that were converted into the right to receive shares of
Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 1.5: (i) a letter
of transmittal in customary form and including a provision to the
effect set forth in Section 1.18, and (ii) instructions
for use in effecting the surrender of the Company Instruments in
exchange for the certificates representing shares of Parent Common
Stock to which the holder of such Company Instruments is entitled
as a result of the Merger and any dividends or other distributions
pursuant to Section 1.6(e). Upon surrender of Company
Instruments for cancellation to the Exchange Agent or to such other
agent or agents as may be appointed by Parent, together with such
letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in
accordance with the instructions thereto, the holders of such
Company Instruments shall be entitled to receive in exchange
therefor such amounts of certificates representing the number of
shares of Parent Common Stock into which their
shares
of Company Capital Stock and Notes were converted at the Effective
Time, including the Escrow Shares (which shall be delivered to the
Escrow Agent pursuant to Section 1.11), and any dividends or
distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(e), and the
Company Instruments so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled.
Until so surrendered, outstanding Company Instruments will be
deemed, from and after the Effective Time, to evidence only the
right to receive the applicable number of shares of Parent Common
Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.5(a).
(d)
Uncertificated Shares and Notes . Not later than one
(1) business day after the Effective Time, the Company shall
provide to Parent, with a copy to the Exchange Agent, a list,
certified as being true and complete by the Company’s Chief
Financial Officer, of all holders of Company Capital Stock and
Notes that are not represented by Company Instruments who are
entitled to receive Parent Common Stock in exchange therefor as a
result of the Merger, which list shall state the name, address and
tax identification number of each such holder, the number of shares
of Company Capital Stock and Notes held by such holder that are not
so represented and the number of shares of Parent Common Stock such
holder is entitled to receive with respect thereto. Parent shall
thereupon issue to the Exchange Agent, in its capacity as stock
transfer agent of the Company, an authorization to issue and
deliver to the holders of such uncertificated shares of Company
Capital Stock and Notes the numbers of shares of Parent Common
Stock that they are entitled to receive in exchange therefor as a
result of the Merger and the Exchange Agent shall so issue and
deliver certificates representing such shares of Parent Common
Stock to such holders as if such holders had delivered Company
Instruments representing such shares of Company Capital Stock and
Notes to the Exchange Agent pursuant to
Section 1.5(c).
(e)
Distributions With Respect to Unexchanged Shares . No
dividends or other distributions declared or made after the date of
this Agreement with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record
date after the Effective Time will be paid to the holders of any
unsurrendered Company Instruments with respect to the shares of
Parent Common Stock to be issued upon surrender thereof until the
holders of record of such Company Instruments shall surrender such
Company Instruments. Subject to applicable law, following surrender
of any such Company Instruments with a properly
completed
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letter of
transmittal, the Exchange Agent shall promptly deliver to the
record holders thereof, without interest (other than accrued
interest on the Notes through the Effective Time in accordance with
the terms of the Notes), the certificates representing shares of
Parent Common Stock issued in exchange therefor and the amount of
any such dividends or other distributions with a record date after
the Effective Time theretofore paid with respect to such shares of
Parent Common Stock.
(f) Transfers
of Ownership . If certificates representing shares of Parent
Common Stock are to be issued in a name other than that in which
the Company Instruments surrendered in exchange therefor are
registered, it will be a condition of the issuance thereof that the
Company Instruments so surrendered will be properly endorsed and
otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the persons
requesting such exchange will have paid to Parent or any agent
designated by it any transfer or other taxes required by reason of
the issuance of certificates representing shares of Parent Common
Stock in any name other than that of the registered holder of the
Company Instruments surrendered, or established to the satisfaction
of Parent or any agent designated by it that such tax has been paid
or is not payable.
(g) Required
Withholding . Each of the Exchange Agent, Parent and the
Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from
any consideration payable or otherwise deliverable pursuant to this
Agreement to any holder or former holder of Company Capital Stock
or Notes such amounts as are required to be deducted or withheld
therefrom under the Code or under any provision of state, local or
foreign tax law or under any other applicable legal requirement. To
the extent such amounts are so deducted or withheld, such amounts
shall be treated for all purposes under this Agreement as having
been paid to the person to whom such amounts would otherwise have
been paid.
(h) Termination
of Exchange Agent Obligations . Certificates for shares of
Parent Common Stock held by the Exchange Agent that have not been
delivered to holders of Company Instruments within six
(6) months after the Effective Time shall promptly be paid or
delivered, as appropriate, to Parent, and thereafter holders of
Company Instruments who have not theretofore complied with the
exchange procedures outlined in and contemplated by this
Section 1.6 shall thereafter look only to Parent (subject to
abandoned property, escheat and similar laws) for their claim for
shares of Parent Common Stock and any dividends or distributions
pursuant to Section 1.6(e) with respect to shares of Parent
Common Stock to which they are entitled.
(i) No
Liability . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Section 1.6, neither the Exchange Agent, Parent, the Surviving
Corporation, the Company nor any party hereto shall be liable to a
holder of shares of Parent Common Stock or Company Capital Stock or
Notes for any amount properly paid to a public official pursuant to
any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
law.
1.7 No Further
Ownership Rights in Company Stock . All shares of Parent Common
Stock issued in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to
have been issued in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to
such shares of Company Capital Stock and Notes and there
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shall be no
further registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving
Corporation of shares of Company Capital Stock or Notes that were
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the
Effective Time, Company Instruments are presented to the Surviving
Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in this Article I.
1.8 Lost,
Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event that any
Company Instruments shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the
Exchange Agent shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Company Instruments, upon the making of an affidavit of
that fact by the holder thereof, the certificates representing the
shares of Parent Common Stock that the shares of Company Capital
Stock or Notes formerly represented by such Company Instruments
were converted into and any dividends or distributions payable
pursuant to Section 1.6(e); provided, however, that, as a
condition precedent to the issuance of such certificates
representing shares of Parent Common Stock and other distributions,
the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Instruments
shall indemnify Parent against any claim that may be made against
Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent with
respect to the Company Instruments alleged to have been lost,
stolen or destroyed.
1.9 Tax
Consequences . It is intended by the parties hereto that the
Merger shall constitute a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368 of the Code. The parties hereto adopt this
Agreement as a “plan of reorganization” within the
meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United
States Income Tax Regulations.
1.10 Taking of
Necessary Action; Further Action . If, at any time after the
Effective Time, any further action is necessary or desirable to
carry out the purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving
Corporation with full right, title and possession to all assets,
property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company
and Merger Sub, the officers and directors of the Company and
Merger Sub will take all such lawful and necessary
action.
(a) As the sole
remedy for the indemnity obligations set forth in Article VII,
at the Closing, each Person receiving Merger Shares shall deposit
in escrow, to be held for the period ending on the thirtieth day
after the date that Parent is required to file its Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 (the “
Indemnity Escrow Period ”) and for such further
period as may be required pursuant to the Escrow Agreement referred
to below, ten percent (10%) of the Merger Shares received by such
Person (the “ Indemnity Escrow Shares ”), which
shares shall be allocated among the Persons entitled to receive
them in the same proportions as the shares of Parent Common Stock
are allocated among them, all in accordance with the terms and
conditions of the Escrow Agreement to be entered into at the
Closing between Parent, the Representatives referred to in
Section 1.14(b) and Continental, as Escrow Agent,
substantially in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit C
(the “ Escrow Agreement ”).
(b) If, at the
Effective Time, holders of Company Capital Stock have properly
exercised rights under the CGCL with respect to Dissenting Shares
(as defined in Section 1.17(b)), to provide a fund for
reimbursement to Parent for payments made by Parent or the Company
with respect to Dissenting Shares pursuant to Section 1.17(c),
each Person
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receiving
Merger Shares shall deposit in escrow, to be held until all claims
by Dissenters with respect to Dissenting Shares are finally
resolved, such number of Merger Shares as Parent shall reasonably
determine is sufficient to provide for such reimbursement, not to
exceed ten percent (10%) of the Merger Shares received by such
Person (“ Reimbursement Escrow Shares ” and,
together with the Indemnity Escrow Shares, the “ Escrow
Shares ”), which shares shall be allocated among the
Persons entitled to receive them in the same proportions as the
shares of Parent Common Stock are allocated among them, all in
accordance with the terms and conditions of the Escrow
Agreement.
1.12
Rule 145 . All shares of Parent Common Stock issued
pursuant to this Agreement to “affiliates” of the
Company listed in Schedule 1.12 will be subject to
certain resale restrictions under Rule 145 promulgated under
the Securities Act and all certificates representing such shares
shall bear an appropriate restrictive legend.
1.13 Signing
Shareholder Matters .
(a) By his, her or
its execution of this Agreement, each Signing Shareholder, in his,
her or its capacity as a shareholder of the Company, hereby
approves and adopts this Agreement and authorizes the Company, its
directors and officers to take all actions necessary for the
consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and its exhibits.
Such execution shall be deemed to be action taken by the
irrevocable written consent of each Signing Shareholder for
purposes of Section 603 of the CGCL. Each Signing Shareholder
also confirms that he, she or it is not entitled to any dissenters
rights pursuant to the CGCL.
(b) Each Signing
Shareholder, for itself only, represents and warrants as follows:
(i) all Parent Common Stock to be acquired by such Signing
Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement will be acquired for his,
her or its account and not with a view towards distribution thereof
other than, with respect to Signing Shareholders that are entities,
transfers to its shareholders, partners or members; (ii) it
understands that he, she or it must bear the economic risk of the
investment in the Parent Common Stock, which cannot be sold by him,
her or it unless it is registered under the Securities Act (as
defined in Section 1.13(c)), or an exemption therefrom is
available thereunder; (iii) he, she or it has had both the
opportunity to ask questions and receive answers from the officers
and directors of Parent and all persons acting on Parent’s
behalf concerning the business and operations of Parent and to
obtain any additional information to the extent Parent possesses or
may possess such information or can acquire it without unreasonable
effort or expense necessary to verify the accuracy of such
information; and (iv) he, she or it has had access to the
Parent SEC Reports filed prior to the date of this Agreement. Each
Signing Shareholder acknowledges, as to himself, herself or itself
only, that (v) he, she or it is either (A) an
“accredited investor” as such term is defined in Rule
501(a) promulgated under the Securities Act or (B) a person
possessing sufficient knowledge and experience in financial and
business matters to enable it to evaluate the merits and risks of
an investment in Parent; and (vi) he, she or it understands
that the certificates representing the Parent Common Stock to be
received by him, her or it may bear legends to the effect that the
Parent Common Stock may not be transferred except upon compliance
with (C) the registration requirements of the Securities Act
(or an exemption
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therefrom) and
(D) the provisions of Section 1.18 of this Agreement and
the Lock-Up Agreement referred to therein.
(c) Each Signing
Shareholder, for himself, herself or itself, represents and
warrants that the execution and delivery of this Agreement by such
Signing Shareholder does not, and the performance of his, her or
its obligations hereunder will not, on the part of such Signing
Shareholder, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit
of, or filing with or notification to, any court, administrative
agency, commission, governmental or regulatory authority, domestic
or foreign (a “ Governmental Entity ”), except
(i) for applicable requirements, if any, of the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (“ Securities Act ”), the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“ Exchange
Act ”), state securities laws (“ Blue Sky
Laws ”), and the rules and regulations thereunder, and
(ii) where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals,
authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or
notifications, would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (as
defined in Section 10.2(a)) on such Signing Shareholder or the
Company or, after the Closing, the Parent, or prevent consummation
of the Merger or otherwise prevent the parties hereto from
performing their obligations under this Agreement.
1.14 Committee
and Representatives for Purposes of Escrow Agreement
.
(a) Parent
Committee . Prior to the Closing, the Board of Directors of
Parent shall appoint a committee consisting of Eric M. Hecht and
Paul Brooke to act on behalf of Parent to take all necessary
actions and make all decisions pursuant to the Escrow Agreement
regarding Parent’s right to indemnification pursuant to
Article VII hereof. In the event of a vacancy in such
committee, the Board of Directors of Parent shall appoint as a
successor a Person who was a director of Parent prior to the
Closing Date or some other Person who would qualify as an
“independent” director of Parent and who has not had
any compensatory business relationship with the Company prior to
the Closing. Such committee is intended to be the “
Committee ” referred to in Article VII hereof and
the Escrow Agreement.
(b)
Representatives . The Company and the Signing Shareholders
hereby designate Kurt Wheeler and Wende Hutton, acting together, to
represent the interests of the Persons entitled to receive Parent
Common Stock as a result of the Merger for purposes of the Escrow
Agreement. If either such Person ceases to serve in such capacity,
for any reason, such Person shall designate his or her successor.
Failing such designation within ten (10) business days after a
Representative has ceased to serve, those members of the Board of
Directors of Parent who were directors of the Company prior to the
Closing shall appoint as successor a Person who was a former
shareholder of the Company or such other Person as such members
shall designate. Such Persons or their successors are intended to
be the “ Representatives ” referred to in
Section 1.11 and Article VII hereof and the Escrow
Agreement.
1.15 Derivative
Securities . The Company shall arrange that all outstanding
options, warrants, convertible debt and other derivative securities
of the Company that are not exercised for or converted into shares
of Company Capital Stock prior to the Effective Time shall
be
11
cancelled as of
the Effective Time without the payment of any consideration by the
Company. Other than as contemplated or permitted by this Agreement,
or in connection with the exercise of outstanding warrants and
options, without the consent of Parent, which consent may be
withheld in Parent’s absolute discretion, the Company will
not issue any of its securities after the date hereof and prior to
the earlier of the date this Agreement is terminated and the
Effective Time.
1.16 Notice to
Other Shareholders of the Company . As promptly as practicable
after the execution of this Agreement, the Company, after
consultation with Parent, shall give the shareholders of the
Company, other than the Signing Shareholders, notice of the written
consent of the Signing Shareholders pursuant to
Section 1.13(a), in accordance with the provisions of Section
603 of the CGCL.
1.17 Shares
Subject to Dissenters’ Rights .
(a)
Notwithstanding Section 1.5 hereof, Dissenting Shares (as
hereinafter defined) shall not be converted into a right to receive
Parent Common Stock (including Milestone Shares). The holders
thereof shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by the
CGCL. Each holder of Dissenting Shares who becomes entitled to
payment for such shares pursuant to the CGCL shall receive payment
therefor from the Surviving Corporation in accordance with the
CGCL, provided, however, that (i) if any shareholder of the
Company who asserts dissenters’ rights in connection with the
Merger (a “ Dissenter ”) shall have failed to
establish his entitlement to such rights as provided in the CGCL,
or (ii) if any such Dissenter shall have effectively withdrawn
his demand for payment for such shares or waived or lost his right
to payment for his shares under the dissenters’ rights
process under the CGCL, the shares of Company Capital Stock held by
such Dissenter shall be treated as if they had been converted, as
of the Effective Time, into a right to receive Parent Common Stock
as provided in Section 1.5. The Company shall give Parent
prompt notice of any demands for payment received by the Company
from a person asserting dissenters’ rights, and Parent shall
have the right to participate in all negotiations and proceedings
with respect to such demands. The Company shall not, except with
the prior written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect
to, or settle or offer to settle, any such demands.
(b) As used
herein, “ Dissenting Shares ” means any shares
of Company Capital Stock held by shareholders of the Company who
are entitled to dissenters’ rights under the CGCL, and who
have properly exercised, perfected and not subsequently withdrawn
or lost or waived their rights to demand payment with respect to
those shares in accordance with the CGCL.
(c) Parent shall,
upon demand, be reimbursed for payments made by it and the Company
with respect to Dissenting Shares solely by means of transfer to
Parent of Reimbursement Escrow Shares having a value equal to the
amounts of such payments, determined in accordance with the Escrow
Agreement; provided that the Parent shall not be entitled to
reimbursement for such payments with respect to Dissenting Shares
made by it and the Company in excess of the value of the
Reimbursement Escrow Shares, determined in accordance with the
Escrow Agreement. Parent Indemnitees (as defined in
12
Section 7.1(a)) shall not have recourse or
rights to the Indemnity Escrow Shares with respect to payments made
with respect to Dissenting Shares.
1.18 Sale
Restriction; Lock-Up Agreement; Registration Rights Agreements
.
(a) No public
market sales of Merger Shares shall be made for a period of twelve
(12) months following the Closing Date, at which time one-half of
the Merger Shares issued to each holder of Company Capital Stock
and Notes may be sold in the public market. The remaining Merger
Shares may be sold in the public market after eighteen
(18) months following the Closing Date. No private sales of
Merger Shares shall be made unless the purchaser acknowledges and
agrees to the restriction stated in the preceding sentence by
delivery to Parent of a written document to such effect.
Certificates representing Merger Shares issued pursuant to
Section 1.6(c) to the holders of Company Capital Stock and
Notes entitled to receive them shall bear a prominent legend to
such effect, with one certificate for half of the Merger Shares
exclusive of the Escrow Shares and one certificate for half of the
Escrow Shares issued to each holder bearing a legend reflecting the
twelve (12) month restriction and the other certificates
issued to each holder bearing a legend reflecting the eighteen
(18) month restriction. The foregoing restrictions shall not
apply to the Milestone Shares.
(b) Each Signing
Shareholder shall, concurrently with the execution of this
Agreement, execute an agreement (“ Lock-Up Agreement
”) in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit D reflecting
the provisions of this Section 1.18. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if any Person who is party to a Lock-Up Agreement is
released from any of the restrictions set forth therein, all other
Persons party to Lock-Up Agreements shall be automatically released
from such restrictions to the same extent.
(c) The Company
shall arrange that all agreements pursuant to which it is obligated
to register its securities under the Securities Act shall be
terminated effective no later than the Effective Time without the
payment of any consideration by the Company.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
THE COMPANY
Subject to the
exceptions set forth in Schedule 2 attached hereto (the
“ Company Schedule ”), the Company hereby
represents and warrants to, and covenants with, Parent and Merger
Sub, as follows:
2.1
Organization and Qualification .
(a) The Company is
a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the State of California and has the
requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate
its assets and properties and to carry on its business as it is now
being or currently planned by the Company to be conducted. The
Company is in possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations,
licenses, permits, easements, consents, certificates, approvals and
orders (“ Approvals ”) necessary to own, lease
and operate the properties it purports to own, operate or lease and
to carry on its
13
business as it
is now being or currently planned by the Company to be conducted,
except where the failure to have such Approvals could not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Complete and correct copies
of the articles of incorporation and by-laws (or other comparable
governing instruments with different names) (collectively referred
to herein as “ Charter Documents ”) of the
Company, as amended and currently in effect, have been heretofore
delivered to Parent or Parent’s counsel. The Company is not
in violation of any of the provisions of the Company’s
Charter Documents.
(b) The Company is
duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation
and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the character of
the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of its
activities makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except
for such failures to be so duly qualified or licensed and in good
standing that could not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. Each jurisdiction in which the Company is so qualified or
licensed is listed in Schedule 2.1 .
(c) The minute
books of the Company contain true, complete and accurate records of
all meetings and consents in lieu of meetings of its Board of
Directors (and any committees thereof), similar governing bodies
and shareholders (“ Corporate Records ”) since
the time of the Company’s organization. Copies of such
Corporate Records of the Company have been heretofore delivered to
Parent or Parent’s counsel.
(d) The stock
transfer, warrant and option transfer and ownership records of the
Company contain true, complete and accurate records of the
securities ownership as of the date of such records and the
transfers involving the Company Capital Stock and other securities
of the Company since the time of the Company’s organization.
Copies of such records of the Company have been heretofore
delivered to Parent or Parent’s counsel.
2.2
Subsidiaries . The Company has no subsidiaries.
(a) The authorized
Company Capital Stock and the amounts of each class and series
thereof outstanding on the date hereof, all of which are validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable, are set forth in
Schedule 2.3(a) hereto.
(b) Except as set
forth in Schedule 2.3(b) hereto, as of the date of this
Agreement, (i) no shares of Company Capital Stock are reserved
for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding options to purchase
Company Capital Stock granted to employees of the Company or other
parties (“ Company Stock Options ”), and
(ii) no shares of Company Capital Stock are reserved for
issuance upon the exercise of outstanding warrants or other rights
(other than Company Stock Options) to purchase Company Capital
Stock (“ Company Warrants ”). All shares of
Company Capital Stock subject to issuance as aforesaid, upon
issuance on the terms and conditions specified in the instrument
pursuant to which they are issuable, will be duly authorized,
validly issued,
14
fully paid and
nonassessable. There are no commitments or agreements of any
character to which the Company is bound obligating the Company to
accelerate the vesting of any Company Stock Option or Company
Warrant as a result of the Merger. All outstanding shares of
Company Capital Stock and all outstanding Company Stock Options and
Company Warrants have been issued and granted in compliance with
(x) in all material respects, all applicable securities laws
and other applicable laws and regulations, and (y) all
requirements set forth in any applicable Company Contracts (as
defined in Section 2.19). The Company has heretofore delivered
to Parent or Parent’s counsel true and accurate copies of the
forms of documents used for the issuance of Company Stock Options
and Company Warrants and a true and complete list of the holders
thereof, including their names and the numbers of shares of Company
Capital Stock underlying such holders’ Company Stock Options
and Company Warrants.
(c) Except as set
forth in Schedule 2.3(c) hereto or as set forth
elsewhere in this Section 2.3, there are no subscriptions,
options, warrants, equity securities, partnership interests or
similar ownership interests, calls, rights (including preemptive
rights), commitments or agreements of any character to which the
Company is a party or by which it is bound obligating the Company
to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or
sold, or repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire, or cause the
repurchase, redemption or acquisition of, any shares of Company
Capital Stock or similar ownership interests of the Company or
obligating the Company to grant, extend, accelerate the vesting of
or enter into any such subscription, option, warrant, equity
security, call, right, commitment or agreement.
(d) Except as
contemplated by this Agreement and except as set forth in
Schedule 2.3(d) hereto, there are no registration rights,
and there is no voting trust, proxy, rights plan, antitakeover plan
or other agreement or understanding to which the Company is a party
or by which the Company is bound with respect to any equity
security of any class of the Company.
(e) All consents
or further agreements of any holder of Company Capital Stock or
Notes required in order to effectuate the provisions of
Section 1.5 have been received, are in full force and effect
and will remain in full force and effect through the Closing Date.
Copies of all such consents and agreements have been delivered to
Parent.
2.4 Authority
Relative to this Agreement . The Company has all necessary
corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement
and to perform its obligations hereunder and, to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby (including the Merger). The
execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation by
the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby (including the
Merger) have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary
corporate action on the part of the Company (including the approval
by its Board of Directors and shareholders, subject in all cases to
the satisfaction of the terms and conditions of this Agreement,
including the conditions set forth in Article VI), and no
other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company or its
shareholders are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to
consummate the transactions contemplated hereby pursuant to the
CGCL and the terms and conditions of this Agreement other than the
giving of the notice provided for in Section 1.16. This
Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by
the
15
Company and,
assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by
the other parties hereto, constitutes the legal and binding
obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the
enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general
principles of equity.
2.5 No
Conflict; Required Filings and Consents .
(a) The execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the
performance of this Agreement by the Company shall not,
(i) conflict with or violate the Company’s Charter
Documents, (ii) subject to the giving of the notice provided
for in Section 1.16, conflict with or violate any Legal
Requirements (as defined in Section 10.2(c)), (iii) result in
any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice
or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or
materially impair the Company’s rights or alter the rights or
obligations of any third party under, or give to others any rights
of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or
result in the creation of a lien or encumbrance on any of the
properties or assets of the Company pursuant to, any Company
Contracts or (iv) result in the triggering, acceleration or
increase of any payment to any Person pursuant to any Company
Contract, including any “change in control” or similar
provision of any Company Contract, except, with respect to clauses
(ii), (iii) or (iv), for any such conflicts, violations,
breaches, defaults, triggerings, accelerations, increases or other
occurrences that would not, individually and in the aggregate, have
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(b) The execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the Company does not, and the
performance of its obligations hereunder will not, require any
consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or
notification to, any Governmental Entity or other third party
(including, without limitation, lenders and lessors, except
(i) for applicable requirements, if any, of the Securities
Act, the Exchange Act or Blue Sky Laws, and the rules and
regulations thereunder, and appropriate documents received from or
filed with the relevant authorities of other jurisdictions in which
the Company is licensed or qualified to do business, (ii) the
consents, approvals, authorizations and permits described in
Schedule 2.5(b) hereto, and (iii) where the
failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or
permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company or, after the Closing,
Parent, or prevent consummation of the Merger or otherwise prevent
the parties hereto from performing their obligations under this
Agreement.
2.6
Compliance . Except as set forth in Schedule 2.6
, the Company has complied with and is not in violation of any
Legal Requirements (as defined in Section 10.2(b)) with
respect to the conduct of its business, or the ownership or
operation of its business, except for failures to comply or
violations which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had
and are not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company. Except as set forth in Schedule 2.6 , no
written notice of non-compliance with any Legal Requirements has
been received by the Company (and the Company has no knowledge of
any such notice delivered to any other Person). The Company is not
in violation of any term of any Company Contract (as defined
in
16
Section 2.19(a)(i)), except for failures to
comply or violations which, individually or in the aggregate, have
not had and are not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company.
2.7 Financial
Statements .
(a) The Company
has provided to Parent a correct and complete copy of the audited
financial statements (including any related notes thereto) of the
Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005,
December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 (the “
Audited Financial Statements ”). The Audited Financial
Statements were prepared in accordance with the published rules and
regulations of any applicable Governmental Entity and with
generally accepted accounting principles of the United States
(“ U.S. GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis
throughout the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the
notes thereto), and each fairly presents in all material respects
the financial position of the Company at the respective dates
thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the
periods indicated.
(b) The Company
has provided to Parent a correct and complete copy of the unaudited
financial statements (including any related notes thereto) of the
Company for the six month period ended June 30, 2006 (the
“ Unaudited Financial Statements ”). Except as
set forth in Schedule 2.7(b) , the Unaudited
Financial Statements comply as to form in all material respects,
and were prepared in accordance, with the published rules and
regulations of any applicable Governmental Entity and with U.S.
GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved
(except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), and fairly
present in all material respects the financial position of the
Company at the date thereof and the results of its operations and
cash flows for the period indicated, except that such statements do
not contain notes and are subject to normal adjustments that are
not expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(c) The books of
account, minute books, stock certificate books and stock transfer
ledgers and other similar books and records of the Company have
been maintained in accordance with good business practice, are
complete and correct in all material respects and there have been
no material transactions that are required to be set forth therein
and which have not been so set forth.
(d) The accounts
and notes receivable of the Company reflected on the balance sheets
included in the Audited Financial Statements and the Unaudited
Financial Statements (i) arose from bona fide sales transactions in
the ordinary course of business and are payable on ordinary trade
terms, (ii) are legal, valid and binding obligations of the
respective debtors enforceable in accordance with their terms,
except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, or other similar laws affecting creditors’
rights generally, and by general equitable principles,
(iii) are not subject to any valid set-off or counterclaim
except to the extent set forth in such balance sheet contained
therein, (iv) are collectible in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice in the aggregate recorded amounts
thereof, net of any applicable reserve reflected in such balance
sheet referenced above, and (v) are not the subject of any
actions or proceedings brought by or on behalf of the
Company.
17
2.8 No
Undisclosed Liabilities . Except as set forth in
Schedule 2.8 hereto, the Company has no liabilities
(absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) that are, individually
or in the aggregate, material to the business, results of
operations or financial condition of the Company that would be
required to be reflected on a balance sheet or in the notes thereto
prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, except: (i) liabilities
provided for in or otherwise disclosed in the interim balance sheet
included in the Unaudited Financial Statements or in the notes to
the Audited Financial Statements, and (ii) such liabilities
arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business
since June 30, 2006, that would not have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
2.9 Absence of
Certain Changes or Events . Except as set forth in
Schedule 2.9 hereto, since June 30, 2006, there
has not been: (i) any Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
(ii) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend
on, or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) in
respect of, any of the Company’s stock, or any purchase,
redemption or other acquisition by the Company of any of the
Company’s capital stock or any other securities of the
Company or any options, warrants, calls or rights to acquire any
such shares or other securities, (iii) any split, combination
or reclassification of any of the Company’s capital stock,
(iv) any granting by the Company of any increase in
compensation or fringe benefits, except for normal increases of
cash compensation in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice, or any payment by the Company of any bonus,
except for bonuses made in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice, or any granting by the Company of
any increase in severance or termination pay or any entry by the
Company into any currently effective employment, severance,
termination or indemnification agreement or any agreement the
benefits of which are contingent or the terms of which are
materially altered upon the occurrence of a transaction involving
the Company of the nature contemplated hereby, (v) entry by
the Company into any licensing or other agreement with regard to
the acquisition or disposition of any Intellectual Property (as
defined in Section 2.18 hereof) other than licenses in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or any
amendment or consent with respect to any licensing agreement filed
or required to be filed by the Company with respect to any
Governmental Entity, (vi) any material change by the Company
in its accounting methods, principles or practices, (vii) any
change in the auditors of the Company, (viii) any issuance of
capital stock of the Company, (ix) any revaluation by the
Company of any of its assets, including, without limitation,
writing down the value of capitalized inventory or writing off
notes or accounts receivable or any sale of assets of the Company
other than in the ordinary course of business, or (x) any
agreement, whether written or oral, to do any of the
foregoing.
2.10
Litigation . There are no claims, suits, actions or
proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened
against the Company before any court, governmental department,
commission, agency, instrumentality or authority, or any arbitrator
that seeks to restrain or enjoin the consummation of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement or which could
reasonably be expected, either singularly or in the aggregate with
all such claims, actions or proceedings, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company or have a Material Adverse Effect on the
ability of the parties hereto to consummate the Merger.
18
2.11 Employee
Benefit Plans .
(a) All employee
compensation, incentive, fringe or benefit plans, programs,
policies, commitments or other arrangements (whether or not set
forth in a written document) covering any active or former
employee, director or consultant of the Company, or any trade or
business (whether or not incorporated) which is under common
control with the Company, with respect to which the Company has
liability (individually, a “ Plan ” and,
collectively, the “ Plans ”) have been
maintained and administered in all material respects in compliance
with their respective terms and with the requirements prescribed by
any and all statutes, orders, rules and regulations which are
applicable to such Plans, and all liabilities with respect to the
Plans have been properly reflected in the financial statements and
records of the Company. No suit, action or other litigation
(excluding claims for benefits incurred in the ordinary course of
Plan activities) has been brought, or, to the knowledge of the
Company, is threatened, against or with respect to any Plan. There
are no audits, inquiries or proceedings pending or, to the
knowledge of the Company, threatened by any governmental agency
with respect to any Plan. All contributions, reserves or premium
payments required to be made or accrued as of the date hereof to
the Plans have been timely made or accrued. The Company does not
have any plan or commitment to establish any new Plan, to modify
any Plan (except to the extent required by law or to conform any
such Plan to the requirements of any applicable law, in each case
as previously disclosed to Parent in writing, or as required by
this Agreement), or to enter into any new Plan except as
contemplated by this Agreement. Each Plan can be amended,
terminated or otherwise discontinued after the Closing in
accordance with its terms, without liability to Parent or the
Company (other than ordinary administration expenses and expenses
for benefits accrued but not yet paid).
(b) Except as
disclosed in Schedule 2.11 hereto, neither the
execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby will (i) result in any
payment (including severance, unemployment compensation, golden
parachute, bonus or otherwise) becoming due to any shareholder,
director or employee of the Company under any Plan or otherwise,
(ii) materially increase any benefits otherwise payable under
any Plan, or (iii) result in the acceleration of the time of
payment or vesting of any such benefits.
2.12 Labor
Matters . The Company is not a party to any collective
bargaining agreement or other labor union contract applicable to
persons employed by the Company and the Company does not know of
any activities or proceedings of any labor union to organize any
such employees.
2.13
Restrictions on Business Activities . Except as disclosed in
Schedule 2.13 hereto, to the Company’s knowledge,
there is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or
decree binding upon the Company or its assets or to which the
Company is a party which has or could reasonably be expected to
have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business
practice of the Company, any acquisition of property by the Company
or the conduct of business by the Company as currently conducted
other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which
have not had and could not reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
19
(a) All real
property owned by the Company (including improvements and fixtures
thereon, easements and rights of way) is shown or reflected on the
balance sheet of the Company included in the Unaudited Financial
Statements. The Company has good, valid and marketable fee simple
title to the real property owned by it, and except as set forth in
the Unaudited Financial Statements, all of such real property is
held free and clear of (i) all leases, licenses and other
rights to occupy or use such real property and (ii) all Liens,
rights of way, easements, restrictions, exceptions, variances,
reservations, covenants or other title defects or limitations of
any kind, other than liens for taxes not yet due and payable and
such liens or other imperfections of title, if any, as do not
materially detract from the value of or materially interfere with
the present use of the property affected thereby.
(b) All leases of
real property held by the Company, and all personal property and
other property and assets of the Company owned, used or held for
use in connection with the business of the Company (the “
Personal Property ”) are shown or reflected on the
balance sheet included in the Audited Financial Statements, other
than those entered into or acquired after December 31, 2005 in
the ordinary course of business. The Company has good and
marketable title to the Personal Property owned by it, and all such
Personal Property is in each case held free and clear of all Liens,
except for Liens disclosed in the Audited Financial Statements or
in Schedule 2.14 hereto, none of which liens or
encumbrances has or will have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect on such property or on the present or
contemplated use of such property in the businesses of the
Company.
(c) All leases
pursuant to which the Company leases from others material real or
Personal Property are valid and effective in accordance with their
respective terms, and there is not, under any of such leases, any
existing material default or event of default of the Company or, to
the Company’s knowledge, any other party (or any event which
with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a material
default), except where the lack of such validity and effectiveness
or the existence of such default or event of default could not
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(d) The Company is
in possession of, or has valid and effective rights to, all
properties, assets and rights (including Intellectual Property)
required for the conduct of its business in the ordinary
course.
(a) Definition
of Taxes . For the purposes of this Agreement, “
Tax ” or “ Taxes ” refers to any
and all federal, state, local and foreign taxes, including, without
limitation, gross receipts, income, profits, sales, use,
occupation, value added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise,
withholding, payroll, recapture, employment, excise and property
taxes, assessments, governmental charges and duties together with
all interest, penalties and additions imposed with respect to any
such amounts and any obligations
20
under any
agreements or arrangements with any other Person with respect to
any such amounts and including any liability of a predecessor
entity for any such amounts.
(b) Tax Returns
and Audits .
(i) Except as set
forth in Schedule 2.15 hereto:
(ii) The Company
has timely filed all federal, state, local and foreign returns,
estimates, information statements and reports relating to Taxes
(“ Returns ”) required to be filed by the
Company with any Tax authority prior to the date hereof, except
such Returns which are not material to the Company. All such
Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects.
The Company has paid all Taxes shown to be due and payable on such
Returns.
(iii) All Taxes
that the Company is required by law to withhold or collect have
been duly withheld or collected, and have been timely paid over to
the proper governmental authorities to the extent due and
payable.
(iv) The Company
has not been delinquent in the payment of any material Tax nor is
there any material Tax deficiency outstanding, proposed or assessed
against the Company, nor has the Company executed any unexpired
waiver of any statute of limitations on or extending the period for
the assessment or collection of any Tax.
(v) To the
knowledge of the Company, no audit or other examination of any
Return of the Company by any Tax authority is presently in
progress, nor has the Company been notified of any request for such
an audit or other examination.
(vi) No adjustment
relating to any Returns filed by the Company has been proposed in
writing, formally or informally, by any Tax authority to the
Company or any representative thereof.
(vii) The Company
has no liability for any material unpaid Taxes which have not been
accrued for or reserved on the Company’s balance sheets
included in the Audited Financial Statements or the Unaudited
Financial Statements, whether asserted or unasserted, contingent or
otherwise, which is material to the Company, other than any
liability for unpaid Taxes that may have accrued since the end of
the most recent fiscal year in connection with the operation of the
business of the Company in the ordinary course of business, none of
which is material to the business, results of operations or
financial condition of the Company.
(viii) The Company
has not taken any action and does not know of any fact, agreement,
plan or other circumstance that is reasonably likely to prevent the
Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368(a) of the Code.
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2.16
Environmental Matters .
(a) Except for
such matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are not
reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect: (i) the
Company has complied with all applicable Environmental Laws (as
defined below); (ii) to the Company’s knowledge, the
properties currently operated by the Company (including soils,
groundwater, surface water, air, buildings or other structures) are
not contaminated with any Hazardous Substances (as defined below);
(iii) to the Company’s knowledge, the properties
formerly owned or operated by the Company were not contaminated
with Hazardous Substances during the period of ownership or
operation by the Company or during any prior period; (iv) the
Company is not subject to liability for any Hazardous Substance
disposal or contamination on any third party or public property
(whether above, on or below ground or in the atmosphere or water);
(v) the Company has not been associated with any release or
threat of release of any Hazardous Substance; (vi) the Company
has not received any notice, demand, letter, claim or request for
information alleging that the Company may be in violation of or
liable under any Environmental Law; and (vii) the Company is
not subject to any orders, decrees, injunctions or other
arrangements with any Governmental Entity or subject to any
indemnity or other agreement with any third party relating to
liability under any Environmental Law or relating to Hazardous
Substances.
(b) As used in
this Agreement, the term “ Environmental Law ”
means any federal, state, local or foreign law, regulation, order,
decree, permit, authorization, opinion, common law or agency
requirement relating to: (A) the protection, investigation or
restoration of the environment, health and safety, or natural
resources; (B) the handling, use, presence, disposal, release
or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance or (C) noise,
odor, wetlands, pollution, contamination or any injury or threat of
injury to persons or property.
(c) As used in
this Agreement, the term “ Hazardous Substance ”
means any substance that is: (i) listed, classified or
regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law; (ii) any
petroleum product or by-product, asbestos-containing material,
lead-containing paint or plumbing, polychlorinated biphenyls,
radioactive materials or radon; or (iii) any other substance
which is the subject of regulatory action by any Governmental
Entity pursuant to any Environmental Law.
2.17 Brokers;
Third Party Expenses . Except as set forth in
Schedule 2.17 hereto, the Company has not incurred, nor
will it incur, directly or indirectly, any liability for brokerage,
finders’ fees, agent’s commissions or any similar
charges in connection with this Agreement or any transactions
contemplated hereby. Except pursuant to Section 1.5, and as
disclosed in Schedule 2.17 hereto, no shares of common
stock, options, warrants or other securities of either the Company
or Parent are payable to any third party by the Company as a result
of this Merger.
2.18
Intellectual Property . Schedule 2.18 hereto
contains a description of all material Intellectual Property of the
Company. For the purposes of this Agreement, the following terms
have the following definitions:
22
“
Intellectual Property ” shall mean any or all of the
following and all worldwide rights in, arising out of, or
associated therewith: (i) patents and applications therefor
and all reissues, divisions, renewals, extensions, provisionals,
continuations and continuations-in-part thereof (“
Patents ”); (ii) inventions (whether patentable
or not), invention disclosures, improvements, trade secrets,
proprietary information, know how, technology, technical data and
customer lists, and all documentation relating to any of the
foregoing; (iii) copyrights, copyrights registrations and
applications therefor, and all other rights corresponding thereto
throughout the world; (iv) software and software programs;
(v) domain names, uniform resource locators and other names
and locators associated with the Internet (vi) industrial
designs and any registrations and applications therefor;
(vii) trade names, logos, common law trademarks and service
marks, trademark and service mark registrations and applications
therefor (collectively, “ Trademarks ”);
(viii) all databases and data collections and all rights
therein; (ix) all moral and economic rights of authors and
inventors, however denominated, and (x) any similar or
equivalent rights to any of the foregoing (as
applicable).
“
Company Intellectual Property ” shall mean any
Intellectual Property that is owned by, or exclusively licensed to,
the Company, including software and software programs developed by
or exclusively licensed to the Company (specifically excluding any
off the shelf or shrink-wrap software).
“
Registered Intellectual Property ” means all
Intellectual Property that is the subject of an application,
certificate, filing, registration or other document issued, filed
with, or recorded by any government or other legal
authority.
“
Company Registered Intellectual Property ” means all
of the Registered Intellectual Property owned by, or filed in the
name of, the Company.
“
Company Products ” means all current versions of
products or service offerings of the Company.
(a) Except as
disclosed in Schedule 2.18 hereto, no Company
Intellectual Property or Company Product is subject to any material
proceeding or outstanding decree, order, judgment, contract,
license or stipulation restricting in any manner the use, transfer
or licensing thereof by the Company, or which may affect the
validity, use or enforceability of such Company Intellectual
Property or Company Product, which in any such case could
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(b) The Company
owns or has enforceable rights to use all Intellectual Property
required for the conduct of its business as presently conducted or
as contemplated to be conducted by the Company’s business
plan heretofore delivered to Parent (the “ Business
Plan ”). The Company owns and has good and exclusive
title to each material item of Company Intellectual Property owned
by it free and clear of any Liens (excluding non-exclusive licenses
and related restrictions granted by it in the ordinary course of
business); and the Company is the exclusive owner of all material
registered Trademarks used in connection with the operation or
conduct of the business
23
of the Company
including the sale of any products or the provision of any services
by the Company.
(c) To the
Company’s knowledge, the operation of the business of the
Company as such business currently is conducted, including the
Company’s use of any product, device or process, has not and
does not infringe or misappropriate the Intellectual Property of
any third party or constitute unfair competition or trade practices
under the laws of any jurisdiction and the Company has not received
any claims or threats from third parties alleging any such
infringement, misappropriation or unfair competition or trade
practices.
2.19
Agreements, Contracts and Commitments .
(a)
Schedule 2.19(a) hereto sets forth a complete and
accurate list of all Material Company Contracts (as hereinafter
defined), specifying the parties thereto. For purposes of this
Agreement, (i) the term “ Company Contracts
” shall mean all contracts, agreements, leases, mortgages,
indentures, notes, bonds, licenses, permits, franchises, purchase
orders, sales orders, and other understandings, commitments and
obligations (including without limitation outstanding offers and
proposals) of any kind, whether written or oral, to which the
Company is a party or by or to which any of the properties or
assets of the Company may be bound, subject or affected (including
without limitation notes or other instruments payable to the
Company) and (ii) the term “ Material Company
Contracts ” shall mean (x) each Company Contract
(I) providing for payments (present or future) to the Company
in excess of $100,000 in the aggregate or (II) under which or in
respect of which the Company presently has any liability or
obligation of any nature whatsoever (absolute, contingent or
otherwise) in excess of $100,000, (y) each Company Contract
that otherwise is or may be material to the businesses, operations,
assets, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the
Company and (z) without limitation of subclause (x) or
subclause (y), each of the following Company Contracts:
(i) any mortgage,
indenture, note, installment obligation or other instrument,
agreement or arrangement for or relating to any borrowing of money
by or from the Company by or to any officer, director, shareholder
or holder of derivative securities (“ Insider ”)
of the Company;
(ii) any guaranty,
direct or indirect, by the Company, a Subsidiary or any Insider of
the Company of any obligation for borrowings, or otherwise,
excluding endorsements made for collection in the ordinary course
of business;
(iii) any Company
Contract of employment or management;
(iv) any Company
Contract made other than in the ordinary course of business or
(x) providing for the grant of any preferential rights to
purchase or lease any asset of the Company or (y) providing
for any right (exclusive or non-exclusive) to sell or distribute,
or otherwise relating to the sale or distribution of, any product
or service of the Company;
24
(v) any obligation
to register any shares of the capital stock or other securities of
the Company with any Governmental Entity;
(vi) any
obligation to make payments, contingent or otherwise, arising out
of the prior acquisition of the business, assets or stock of other
Persons;
(vii) any
collective bargaining agreement with any labor union;
(viii) any lease
or similar arrangement for the use by the Company of real property
or personal property (other than any lease of vehicles, office
equipment or operating equipment made in the ordinary course of
business where the annual lease payments are less than
$25,000);
(ix) any Company
Contract granting or purporting to grant, or otherwise in any way
relating to, any interest (including, without limitation, a
leasehold interest) in real property;
(x) any Company
Contract to which any Insider of the Company is a party;
and
(xi) any offer or
proposal which, if accepted, would constitute any of the
foregoing.
(b) Each Material
Company Contract was entered into at arms’ length and in the
ordinary course, is in full force and effect and, to the
Company’s knowledge, is valid and binding upon and
enforceable against each of the parties thereto (except insofar as
enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
creditors’ rights generally or by principles governing the
availability of equitable remedies). To the knowledge of the
Company, no other party to a Material Company Contract is the
subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding. True, correct and
complete copies of all Material Company Contracts and all
outstanding offers and proposals which, if accepted, would
constitute Material Company Contracts (or written summaries in the
case of oral Material Company Contracts) have been heretofore
delivered to Parent or Parent’s counsel.
(c) Except as set
forth in Schedule 2.19(c) , neither the Company nor, to
the best of the Company’s knowledge, any other party thereto
is in material breach of or in default under, and no event has
occurred which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a
material breach of or default under, any Company Contract, and no
party to any Company Contract has given any written notice of any
claim of any such breach, default or event, which, individually or
in the aggregate, are reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company. Each Material Company Contract to which the
Company is a party or by which it is bound that has not expired by
its terms is in full force and effect.
2.20
Insurance . Schedule 2.20 sets forth the
Company’s insurance policies and fidelity bonds covering the
assets, business, equipment, properties, operations, employees,
officers and directors (collectively, the “ Insurance
Policies ”). The insurances provided by such
Insurance
25
Policies are
adequate in amount and scope for the Company’s business and
operations, including any insurance required to be maintained by
Company Contracts.
2.21
Governmental Actions/Filings .
(a) Except as set
forth in Schedule 2.21(a) , the Company has been
granted and holds, and has made, all Governmental Actions/Filings
(as defined below) (including, without limitation, the Governmental
Actions/Filings required for (i) emission or discharge of
effluents and pollutants into the air and the water and
(ii) the manufacture and sale of all products manufactured and
sold by it) necessary to the conduct by the Company of its business
(as presently conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted)
or used or held for use by the Company, except where failure to
obtain such Governmental Actions/Filings is not reasonably likely
to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Company, and true,
complete and correct copies of which have heretofore been delivered
to Parent. Each such Governmental Action/Filing is in full force
and effect and, except as disclosed in Schedule 2.21(a)
hereto, will not expire prior to December 31, 2007, and the
Company is in material compliance with all of its obligations with
respect thereto. No event has occurred and is continuing which
requires or permits, or after notice or lapse of time or both would
require or permit, and consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement or any ancillary documents will not
require or permit (with or without notice or lapse of time, or
both), any modification or termination of any such Governmental
Actions/Filings except such events which, either individually or in
the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect upon the
Company.
(b) No
Governmental Action/Filing is necessary to be obtained, secured or
made by the Company to enable it to continue to conduct its
businesses and operations and use its properties after the Closing
in a manner which is consistent with current practice.
(c) For purposes
of this Agreement, the term “ Governmental
Action/Filing ” shall mean any franchise, license,
certificate of compliance, authorization, consent, order, permit,
approval, consent or other action of, or any filing, registration
or qualification with, any federal, state, municipal, foreign or
other governmental, administrative or judicial body, agency or
authority.
2.22 Interested
Party Transactions . No employee, officer, director or
shareholder of the Company or a member of his or her immediate
family is indebted to the Company, nor is the Company indebted (or
committed to make loans or extend or guarantee credit) to any such
Person (as defined in Section 10.2(c)), other than
(a) for payment of salary for services rendered, (ii)
reimbursement for reasonable expenses incurred on behalf of the
Company, and (b) for other employee benefits made generally
available to all employees. To the Company’s knowledge, none
of such individuals has any direct or indirect ownership interest
in any Person with whom the Company is affiliated or with whom the
Company has a contractual relationship, or in any Person that
competes with the Company, except that each employee, shareholder,
officer or director of the Company and members of their respective
immediate families may own less than 5% of the outstanding stock in
publicly traded companies that may compete with the
Company.
26
To the
knowledge of the Company, no officer, director or Signing
Shareholder or any member of their immediate families is, directly
or indirectly, interested in any Material Company Contract with the
Company (other than such contracts as relate to any such
Person’s ownership of capital stock or other securities of
the Company or such Person’s employment with the
Company).
2.23 Board
Approval . The board of directors of the Company (including any
required committee or subgroup thereof) has, as of the date of this
Agreement, duly approved this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, subject to the giving of the notice provided
for in Section 1.16, and has resolved to cause such notice to
be given.
2.24 Signing
Shareholder Approval . The shares of Company Capital Stock
owned by the Signing Shareholders constitute, in the aggregate, the
requisite amount of shares necessary for the adoption of this
Agreement and the approval of the Merger by the shareholders of the
Company in accordance with the CGCL.
2.25 Company
Business Plan . The Business Plan has been prepared by the
Company based upon reasonable projections and expectations and is,
in the judgment of the Company’s executive officers,
achievable without undue effort or expense not contemplated
thereby.
2.26
Registration Statement Withdrawal . The Company has filed a
request with the SEC to withdraw from registration its registration
statement on Form S-1 filed under the Securities Act
(No. 333-133554).
2.27 Bridge
Financing . The Company has received irrevocable binding
commitments from its investors to fund the Company through the
Closing.
2.28
Representations and Warranties Complete . The
representations and warranties of the Company included in this
Agreement and any list, statement, document or information set
forth in, or attached to, any Schedule provided pursuant to this
Agreement or delivered hereunder, are true and complete in all
material respects and do not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements contained
therein not misleading, under the circumstance under which they
were made.
2.29 Survival
of Representations and Warranties . The representations and
warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement shall survive
the Closing until the end of the Indemnity Escrow
Period.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT
Subject to the
exceptions set forth in Schedule 3 attached hereto (the
“ Parent Schedule ”), Parent represents and
warrants to, and covenants with, the Company and the Persons
holding Company Instruments at the Effective Time, as
follows:
27
3.1
Organization and Qualification .
(a) Parent is a
corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the
requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate
its assets and properties and to carry on its business as it is now
being or currently planned by Parent to be conducted. Parent is in
possession of all Approvals necessary to own, lease and operate the
properties it purports to own, operate or lease and to carry on its
business as it is now being or currently planned by Parent to be
conducted, except where the failure to have such Approvals could
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effec
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