PLACEMENT AGREEMENT

AMERICAN SAFETY HOLDINGS CORP.

25,000 Capital Securities

Fixed/Floating Rate Capital Securities

(Liquidation Amount $1,000.00 per Capital Security)

November 16, 2005

FTN Financial Capital Markets

845 Crossover Lane, Suite 150

Memphis, Tennessee 38117

Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc.

787 7th Avenue, 4th Floor

New York, New York 10019

Ladies and Gentlemen:

American Safety Holdings Corp., incorporated and existing under the laws of Georgia (the “Company”), and its financing subsidiary, American Safety Capital Trust III, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust,” and hereinafter together with the Company, the “Offerors”), hereby confirm their agreement (this “Agreement”) with you as placement agents (the “Placement Agents”), as follows:

1.1           Introduction . The Offerors propose to issue and sell at the Closing (as defined in Section 2.3.1 hereof) 25,000 of the Trust’s Fixed/Floating Rate Capital Securities, with a liquidation amount of $1,000.00 per capital security (the “Capital Securities”), to Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. (the “Purchaser”) pursuant to the terms of a Subscription Agreement entered into, or to be entered into on or prior to the Closing Date (as defined in Section 2.3.1 hereof), between the Offerors and the Purchaser (the “Subscription Agreement”), the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein by this reference.

1.2           Operative Agreements . The Capital Securities shall be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a subordinated basis by the Company with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation, redemption or repayment (the “Guarantee”) pursuant and subject to the Guarantee Agreement (the “Guarantee Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date and executed and delivered by the Company and Wilmington Trust Company (“WTC”), as trustee (the “Guarantee Trustee”), for the benefit from time to time of the holders of the Capital Securities. The entire proceeds from the sale by the Trust to the Purchaser of the Capital Securities shall be combined with the entire proceeds from the concurrent sale by the Trust to the

Company of its common securities (the “Common Securities”), and shall be used by the Trust to purchase $25,774,000 in principal amount of the Fixed/Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (the “Debentures”) of the Company. The obligations of the Company under the Indenture and the Guarantee shall be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by American Safety Insurance Holdings, Ltd., an exempted company organized with limited liability under the laws of Bermuda and the direct parent of the Company (the “Parent”) pursuant and subject to the Parent Guarantee Agreement (the “Parent Guarantee”), to be dated as of the Closing Date and executed and delivered by the Parent and WTC, as trustee (the “Parent Guarantee Trustee”). The Capital Securities and the Common Securities for the Trust shall be issued pursuant to an Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust among WTC, as Delaware Trustee (the “Delaware Trustee”), WTC, as institutional trustee (the “Institutional Trustee”), the administrators of the Trust named therein, and the Company, to be dated as of the Closing Date and in substantially the form heretofore delivered to the Placement Agents (the “Trust Agreement”). The Debentures shall be issued pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Company and WTC, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”). This Agreement and the documents identified in this Section 1.2 and in Section 1.1 are referred to herein as the “Operative Documents.”

1.3               Rights of Purchaser . The Capital Securities shall be offered and sold by the Trust directly to the Purchaser without registration of any of the Capital Securities, the Debentures or the Guarantee under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or any other applicable securities laws in reliance upon exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and other applicable securities laws. The Offerors agree that this Agreement shall be incorporated by reference into the Subscription Agreement and the Purchaser shall be entitled to each of the benefits of the Placement Agents and the Purchaser under this Agreement and shall be entitled to enforce obligations of the Offerors under this Agreement as fully as if the Purchaser were a party to this Agreement. The Offerors and the Placement Agents have entered into this Agreement to set forth their understanding as to their relationship and their respective rights, duties and obligations.

1.4               Legends . Upon original issuance thereof, and until such time as the same is no longer required under the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Capital Securities and Debentures certificates shall each contain a legend as required pursuant to any of the Operative Documents.

2.1               Exclusive Rights; Purchase Price . From the date hereof until the Closing Date (which date may be extended by mutual agreement of the Offerors and the Placement Agents), the Offerors hereby grant to the Placement Agents the exclusive right to arrange for the sale of the Capital Securities to the Purchaser at a purchase price of $1,000.00 per Capital Security.

2.2               Subscription Agreement . The Offerors hereby agree to evidence their acceptance of the subscription by countersigning a copy of the Subscription Agreement and returning the same to the Placement Agents.

2.3.1           Closing; Closing Date . The sale and purchase of the Capital Securities by the Offerors to the Purchaser shall take place at a closing (the “Closing”) at the offices of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP, at 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on November 17, 2005, or such other business day as may be agreed upon by the Offerors and the Placement Agents (the “Closing Date”); provided, however, that in no event shall the Closing Date occur later than December 1, 2005 unless consented to by the Purchaser. Payment by the Purchaser shall be payable in the manner set forth in the Subscription Agreement and shall be made prior to or on the Closing Date.

2.3.2           Delivery . Not less than two full business days prior to the Closing Date, a global Capital Security certificate in definitive form shall be made available by or on behalf of the Offerors to the Placement Agents and the Institutional Trustee for inspecting, checking and delivery to the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its custodian.

2.4.1           Placement Agents’ Compensation . Because the proceeds from the sale of the Capital Securities shall be used to purchase the Debentures from the Company, the Company shall pay an aggregate of $25.00 for each $1,000.00 of principal amount of Debentures sold to the Trust (excluding the Debentures related to the Common Securities purchased by the Company). Of this amount, $12.50 for each $1,000.00 of principal amount of Debentures shall be payable to FTN Financial Capital Markets and $12.50 for each $1,000.00 of principal amount of Debentures shall be payable to Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. Such amount shall be delivered to the Institutional Trustee or such other person designated by the Placement Agents on the Closing Date and shall be allocated between and paid to the respective Placement Agents as directed by the Placement Agents.

2.4.2           Costs and Expenses . Whether or not this Agreement is terminated or the sale of the Capital Securities is consummated, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that it shall pay or cause to be paid (directly or by reimbursement) all reasonable costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Offerors under this Agreement, including all fees, expenses and disbursements of counsel and accountants for the Offerors; the reasonable costs and charges of any trustee, transfer agent or registrar and the fees and disbursements of counsel to any trustee, transfer agent or registrar in each case only to the extent attributable to the Debentures and the Capital Securities; all reasonable expenses incurred by the Offerors incident to the preparation, execution and delivery of the Trust Agreement, the Indenture, and the Guarantee; and all other reasonable costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder and under the Trust Agreement.

2.5               Failure to Close . If any of the conditions to the Closing specified in this Agreement shall not have been fulfilled to the satisfaction of the Placement Agents or if the Closing shall not have occurred on or before 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on December 1, 2005 or such later Closing Date consented to by the Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.3.1, then each party hereto, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, shall be relieved of all further obligations under this Agreement without thereby waiving any rights it may have by reason of such nonfulfillment or failure; provided , however , that the obligations of the parties under Sections 2.4.2, 7.5 and 9 shall not be so relieved and shall continue in full force and effect.

Section 3.                 Closing Conditions . The obligations of the Purchaser and the Placement Agents on the Closing Date shall be subject to the accuracy, at and as of the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties of the Offerors contained in this Agreement, to the accuracy, at and as of the Closing Date, of the statements of the Offerors made in any certificates pursuant to this Agreement, to the performance by the Offerors of their respective obligations under this Agreement, to compliance, at and as of the Closing Date, by the Offerors with their respective agreements herein contained, and to the following further conditions:

3.1               Opinions of Counsel . On the Closing Date, the Placement Agents shall have received the following favorable opinions, each dated as of the Closing Date: (a) from Troutman Sanders LLP, counsel for the Offerors and addressed to the Purchaser and the Placement Agents in substantially the form set forth on Exhibit B-1 attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, (b) from Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., special Delaware counsel to the Offerors and addressed to the Purchaser, the Placement Agents and the Offerors, in substantially the form set forth on Exhibit B-2 attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, and (c) from LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae L.L.P., special tax counsel to the Offerors, and addressed to the Placement Agents and the Offerors, in substantially the form set forth on Exhibit B-3 attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, subject to the receipt by LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP of a representation letter from the Company in the form set forth in Exhibit B-3 completed in a manner reasonably satisfactory to LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP (collectively, the “Offerors’ Counsel Opinions”). In rendering the Offerors’ Counsel Opinions, counsel to the Offerors may rely as to factual matters upon certificates or other documents furnished by officers, directors and trustees of the Offerors (copies of which shall be delivered to the Placement Agents and the Purchaser) and by government officials, and upon such other documents as counsel to the Offerors may, in their reasonable opinion, deem appropriate as a basis for the Offerors’ Counsel Opinions. Counsel to the Offerors may specify the jurisdictions in which they are admitted to practice and that they are not admitted to practice in any other jurisdiction and are not experts in the law of any other jurisdiction. If the Offerors’ counsel is not admitted to practice in the State of New York, the opinion of Offerors’ counsel may assume, for purposes of the opinion, that the laws of the State of New York are substantively identical, in all respects material to the opinion, to the internal laws of the state in which such counsel is admitted to practice. Such Offerors’ Counsel Opinions shall not state that they are to be governed or qualified by, or that they are otherwise subject to, any treatise, written policy or other document relating to legal opinions,

including, without limitation, the Legal Opinion Accord of the ABA Section of Business Law (1991).

3.2               Officer’s Certificate . At the Closing Date, the Purchaser and the Placement Agents shall have received certificates from the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, stating that (a) the representations and warranties of the Offerors set forth in Section 5 hereof are true and correct as of the Closing Date and that the Offerors have complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date, (b) since the date of this Agreement the Offerors have not incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions, other than in the ordinary course of business, which is material to the Offerors, and (c) covering such other matters as the Placement Agents may reasonably request.

3.3               Administrator’s Certificate . At the Closing Date, the Purchaser and the Placement Agents shall have received a certificate of one or more administrators of the Trust, dated as of the Closing Date, stating that the representations and warranties of the Trust set forth in Section 5 are true and correct as of the Closing Date and that the Trust has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date.

3.4               Purchase Permitted by Applicable Laws; Legal Investment . The purchase of and payment for the Capital Securities as described in this Agreement and pursuant to the Subscription Agreement shall (a) not be prohibited by any applicable law or governmental regulation, (b) not subject the Purchaser or the Placement Agents to any penalty or, in the reasonable judgment of the Purchaser and the Placement Agents, other onerous conditions under or pursuant to any applicable law or governmental regulation, and (c) be permitted by the laws and regulations of the jurisdictions to which the Purchaser and the Placement Agents are subject.

3.5               Consents and Permits . The Company and the Trust shall have received all consents, permits and other authorizations, and made all such filings and declarations, as may be required from any person or entity pursuant to any law, statute, regulation or rule (federal, state, local and foreign), or pursuant to any agreement, order or decree to which the Company or the Trust is a party or to which either is subject, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

3.6               Information . Prior to or on the Closing Date, the Offerors shall have furnished to the Placement Agents such further information, certificates, opinions and documents addressed to the Purchaser and the Placement Agents, which the Placement Agents may reasonably request, including, without limitation, a complete set of the Operative Documents or any other documents or certificates required by this Section 3; and all proceedings taken by the Offerors in connection with the issuance, offer and sale of the Capital Securities as herein contemplated shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Placement Agents.

If any condition specified in this Section 3 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required in this Agreement, or if any of the opinions or certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall not be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Placement Agents, this Agreement may be terminated by the Placement Agents by notice to the Offerors at any time at or prior to the Closing Date. Notice of such termination shall be given to the Offerors in writing or by telephone or facsimile confirmed in writing.

Section 4.                 Conditions to the Offerors’ Obligations . The obligations of the Offerors to sell the Capital Securities to the Purchaser and consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the accuracy, at and as of the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties of the Placement Agents contained in this Agreement and to the following further conditions:

4.1               Executed Agreement . The Offerors shall have received from the Placement Agents an executed copy of this Agreement.

4.2               Fulfillment of Other Obligations . The Placement Agents shall have fulfilled all of their other obligations and duties required to be fulfilled under this Agreement prior to or at the Closing.

Section 5.                 Representations and Warranties of the Offerors . Except as set forth on the Disclosure Schedule (as defined in Section 11.1) attached hereto, if any, the Offerors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Placement Agents and the Purchaser as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date as follows:

(a)                  Neither the Company nor the Trust, nor any of their “Affiliates” (as defined in Rule 501(b) of Regulation D under the Securities Act (“Regulation D”)), nor any person acting on any of their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made offers or sales of any security, or solicited offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require the registration under the Securities Act of any of the Capital Securities, the Guarantee or the Debentures (collectively, the “Securities”) or any other securities to be issued, or which may be issued, by the Purchaser.

(b)                  Neither the Company nor the Trust, nor any of their Affiliates, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has (i) other than the Placement Agents, offered for sale or solicited offers to purchase the Securities, (ii) engaged or will engage, in any “directed selling efforts” within the meaning of Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”) with respect to the Securities, or (iii) engaged in any form of offering, general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with any offer or sale of any of the Securities.

(c)                  The Securities satisfy the eligibility requirements of Rule 144A(d)(3) under the Securities Act.

(d)                  Neither the Company nor the Trust is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Capital Securities and the consummation of the transactions described in this Agreement, will be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” in each case within the meaning of Section 3(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), without regard to Section 3(c) of the Investment Company Act.

(e)                  Neither the Company nor the Trust has paid or agreed to pay to any person or entity (other than the Placement Agents) any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any of the Securities.

(f)                   No authorization, approval, consent, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or governmental authority or agency (including, without limitation, any insurance regulatory agency or body) is required in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities or the Guarantee hereunder, or the consummation by the Company or the Trust of any other transaction contemplated hereby, except such as have been obtained and made under the federal securities laws or state insurance laws and such as may be required under state or foreign securities or Blue Sky laws.

5.2               Incorporated Documents . The documents of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), from and including the commencement of the fiscal year covered by the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, at the time they were or hereafter are filed by the Company with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and, at the date of this Agreement and on the Closing Date, do not and will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and other than such instruments, agreements, contracts and other documents as are filed as exhibits to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K, there are no instruments, agreements, contracts or documents of a character described in Item 601 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the Commission to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party.

5.3               Organization, Standing and Qualification of the Trust . The Trust has been duly created and is validly existing in good standing as a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (the “Statutory Trust Act”) with the power and authority to own property and to conduct the business it transacts and proposes to transact and to enter into and perform its obligations under the Operative Documents. The Trust is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign entity and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary, except where the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would not have a material adverse effect on the Trust. The Trust is not a party to or otherwise bound by any agreement other than the Operative Documents. The Trust is and will, under current law, be classified for federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust and not as an association taxable as a corporation.

5.4               Trust Agreement . The Trust Agreement has been duly authorized by the Company and, on the Closing Date, will have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and the administrators of the Trust, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Delaware Trustee and the Institutional Trustee, will be a valid and binding obligation of the Company and such administrators, enforceable against them in accordance with its terms, subject to (a) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, receivership, reorganization, liquidation and other laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, and (b) general principles of equity (regardless of whether considered and applied in a proceeding in equity or at law) (“Bankruptcy and Equity”). Each of the administrators of the Trust is an employee or a director of the Company or of a subsidiary of the Company and has been duly authorized by the Company to execute and deliver the Trust Agreement.

5.5               Guarantee Agreement and the Indenture . Each of the Guarantee and the Indenture has been duly authorized by the Company and, on the Closing Date will have been duly executed and delivered by the Company, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Guarantee Trustee, in the case of the Guarantee, and by the Indenture Trustee, in the case of the Indenture, will be a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to Bankruptcy and Equity. 5.6 Capital Securities and Common Securities . The Capital Securities and the Common Securities have been duly authorized by the Trust Agreement and, when issued and delivered against payment therefor on the Closing Date to the Purchaser, in the case of the Capital Securities, and to the Company, in the case of the Common Securities, will be validly issued and represent undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust. None of the Capital Securities or the Common Securities is subject to preemptive or other similar rights. On the Closing Date, all of the issued and outstanding Common Securities will be directly owned by the Company free and clear of any pledge, security interest, claim, lien or other encumbrance. 5.7 Debentures . The Debentures have been duly authorized by the Company and, at the Closing Date, will have been duly executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee for authentication in accordance with the Indenture, and, when authenticated in the manner provided for in the Indenture and delivered against payment therefor by the Trust, will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the Indenture enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to Bankruptcy and Equity.

5.8               Power and Authority. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Trust and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Trust, enforceable against the Company and the Trust in accordance with its terms, subject to Bankruptcy and Equity.

5.9               No Defaults . The Trust is not in violation of the Trust Agreement or, to the knowledge of the administrators of the Trust, any provision of the Statutory Trust Act. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company or the Trust of this Agreement or the Operative Documents to which it is a party, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein or therein and the use of the proceeds therefrom, will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or other encumbrance upon any property or assets of the

Trust, the Company or any of the Company’s Significant Subsidiaries (as defined in Section 5.11 hereof) pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to which the Trust, the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of any of them is subject, except for a conflict, breach, default, lien, charge or encumbrance which could not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below) nor will such action result in any violation of the Trust Agreement or the Statutory Trust Act or require the consent, approval, authorization or order of any court or governmental agency or body, except for those consents, approvals, authorizations and orders that have been obtained or made. As used herein, the term “Material Adverse Effect” means any one or more effects that individually or in the aggregate are material and adverse to the Offerors’ ability to consummate the transactions contemplated herein or in the Operative Documents or any one or more effects that individually or in the aggregate are material and adverse to the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, affairs, business prospects or results of operations of the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries taken as whole, whether or not occurring in the ordinary course of business.

5.10            Organization, Standing and Qualification of the Company . The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Georgia, with all requisite corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct the business it transacts and proposes to transact, and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the nature of its activities requires such qualification, except where the failure of the Company to be so qualified would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

5.11            Subsidiaries of the Company . Each of the Company’s significant subsidiaries (as defined in Section 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X to the Securities Act (the “Significant Subsidiaries”)) is listed in Exhibit C attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference. Each Significant Subsidiary has been duly organized and is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is chartered or organized, with all requisite power and authority to own its properties and conduct the business it transacts and proposes to transact, and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing as a foreign entity in each jurisdiction where the nature of its activities requires such qualification, except where the failure of any such Significant Subsidiaries to be so qualified would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Significant Subsidiaries (a) have been duly authorized and are validly issued, (b) are fully paid and nonassessable, and (c) are wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, restriction upon voting or transfer, preemptive rights, claim, equity or other defect.

5.12            Permits . The Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries have all requisite power and authority, and all necessary authorizations, approvals, orders, licenses (including, without limitation, insurance licenses from the insurance departments of the various states where the Significant Subsidiaries write insurance business (the “Insurance

Licenses”)), certificates and permits, including those that are necessary to own or lease their respective properties (collectively, “Permits”), of and from regulatory or governmental officials, bodies and tribunals that are material to the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries taken as a whole and are necessary to conduct the business now operated by them; the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Insurance Licenses and Permits, except where the failure so to comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Insurance Licenses and Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except where the invalidity of such Insurance Licenses and Permits or the failure of such Insurance Licenses and Permits to be in full force and effect would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its Significant Subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Insurance Licenses and Permits which, singly or in the aggregate, may reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

5.13            Conflicts, Authorizations and Approvals . Neither the Company nor any of its Significant Subsidiaries is in violation of its respective articles or certificate of incorporation, charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents or in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which either the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries is a party, or by which it or any of them may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries is subject, the effect of which violation or default in performance or observance would have, singly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

(a)                  The consolidated balance sheets of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004, and related consolidated income statements and statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the 3 years ended December 31, 2004 together with the notes thereto, and the consolidated balance sheets of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries as of June30, 2005 and the related consolidated income statements and statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the 3 months then ended (the “Financial Statements”), copies of each of which have been provided to the Placement Agents, have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis (except as may be disclosed therein) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position and the results of operations and changes in shareholders’ equity of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries as of the dates and for the periods indicated (subject, in the case of interim financial statements, to normal recurring year-end adjustments, none of which shall be material). The books and records of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries have been, and are being, maintained in all material respects in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and any other applicable legal and accounting requirements and reflect only actual transactions.

(b)                  The audited statutory financial statements as of December 31, 2003, and December 31, 2004 and the unaudited statutory financial statements as of June 30, 2005 (collectively, the “Statutory Financial Statements”) of each of the Company’s insurance company subsidiaries have for each relevant period been prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) prescribed or permitted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, and with respect to each insurance subsidiary, the appropriate Insurance Department of the state of domicile of such insurance subsidiary, and SAP has been applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved.

(c)                  Since the respective dates of the most recent Financial Statements and the Statutory Financial Statements, there has been no material adverse change or development with respect to the financial condition or earnings of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

(d)                  The accountants of the Company who certified the Financial Statements are independent public accountants of the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries within the meaning of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.

5.15            Internal Controls . Each of the Company and its subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with the management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and/or SAP, as applicable and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with the management’s general or specific authorization, (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences and (v) material information relating to the Company and its subsidiaries is made known to management. Management has (a) evaluated the effectiveness of the internal accounting controls of each of the Company and its subsidiaries and (b) disclosed to the accountants of who certified the Financial Statements and the Statutory Financial Statements and to the audit committee (1) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to record, process, summarize, and report financial data, and have identified for such accountants any material weaknesses in internal controls and (2) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the internal controls of the Company and its subsidiaries, and any such deficiencies or fraud would not, singularly or in the aggregate, be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

5.16            Regulatory Enforcement Matters . Neither the Company nor any of its Significant Subsidiaries is subject or is party to, or has received any notice or advice that any of them may become subject or party to, any investigation with respect to, any cease-and-desist order, agreement, consent agreement, memorandum of understanding or other regulatory enforcement action, proceeding or order with or by, or is a party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, or is subject to any directive by, or has been

since January 1, 2001, a recipient of any supervisory letter from, or since January 1, 2001, has adopted any board resolutions at the request of, any agency charged with the supervision or regulation of insurance companies (a “Regulatory Agency”) that currently restricts in any material respect the conduct of their business or that in any material manner relates to their capital adequacy, their ability or authority to pay dividends or make distributions to their shareholders or make payments of principal or interest on their debt obligations, their management or their business (each, a “Regulatory Agreement”), nor has the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries been advised since January 1, 2001, by any Regulatory Agency that it is considering issuing or requesting any such Regulatory Agreement. There is no material unresolved violation, criticism or exception by any Regulatory Agency with respect to any report or statement relating to any examinations of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries.

5.17            No Material Change . Since the respective dates of the most recent Financial Statements and Statutory Financial Statements, there has been no material adverse change or development with respect to the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, affairs, business prospects or results of operations of the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business.

5.18            Insurance Reserving Practices . The Company and its Significant Subsidiaries have made no material change in their insurance reserving practices since the respective dates as of which information is given in the most recent Financial Statements and Statutory Financial Statements.

5.19            Reinsurance Treaties . All reinsurance and retrocessional treaties, contracts, agreements and arrangements to which any Significant Subsidiary is a party are in full force and effect and no Significant Subsidiary is in violation of, or in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of, any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained therein, with such exceptions that would not, singularly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and no Significant Subsidiary has received any notice from any of the other parties to such treaties, contracts, agreements or arrangements that such other party intends not to perform thereunder and, to the best knowledge of the Company and the Significant Subsidiaries, none of the other parties to such treaties, contracts, agreements or arrangements will be unable to perform thereunder except to the extent adequately and properly reserved for in the consolidated financial statements of the Company, with such exceptions that would not, singularly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

5.20            No Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither the Company nor any of its Significant Subsidiaries has any material liability, whether known or unknown, whether asserted or unasserted, whether absolute or contingent, whether accrued or unaccrued, whether liquidated or unliquidated, and whether due or to become due, including any liability for taxes (and there is no past or present fact, situation, circumstance, condition or other basis for any present or future action, suit, proceeding, hearing, charge, complaint, claim or demand against the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries giving rise to any such liability), except (i) for liabilities set forth in the Financial Statements and Statutory

Financial Statements, respectively, (ii) normal fluctuation in the amount of the liabilities referred to in clause (i) above occurring in the ordinary course of business of the Company and all of its Significant Subsidiaries since the date of the most recent balance sheet included in the Financial Statements and Statutory Financial Statements, respectively, and (iii) as may be specifically disclosed in writing to the Placement Agents.

5.21            Litigation . No inquiry, charge, investigation, action, suit or proceeding (including, without limitation, any proceeding to revoke or deny renewal of any Insurance Licenses) is pending or, to the knowledge of the Offerors, threatened, against or affecting the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties before or by (i) any court wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding could reasonably be expected to have, singly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) any regulatory, administrative or governmental official, commission, board, agency or other authority or body, or any arbitrator, wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding could have, singly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

5.22            Deferral of Interest Payments on Debentures . The Company has no present intention to exercise its option to defer payments of interest on the Debentures as provided in the Indenture. The Company believes that the likelihood that it would exercise its right to defer payments of interest on the Debentures as provided in the Indenture at any time during which the Debentures are outstanding is remote because of the restrictions that would be imposed on the Company’s ability to declare or pay dividends or distributions on, or to redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company’s capital stock and on the Company’s ability to make any payments of principal, interest or premium on, or repay, repurchase or redeem, any of its debt securities that rank pari passu in all respects with, or junior in interest to, the Debentures.

Section 6.                 Representations and Warranties of the Placement Agents . Each Placement Agent represents and warrants to the Offerors as to itself (but not as to the other Placement Agent) as follows:

(a)                  FTN Financial Capital Markets is a division of First Tennessee Bank, N.A., a national banking association duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the United States, with full power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as currently being conducted. FTN Financial Capital Markets is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases property or conducts its business so as to require such qualification and in which the failure to so qualify would, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business, prospects or results of operations of FTN Financial Capital Markets.

(b)                  Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York, with full

power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as currently being conducted. Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases property or conducts its business so as to require such qualification and in which the failure to so qualify would, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), earnings, business, prospects or results of operations of Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc.

6.2               Power and Authority . The Placement Agent has all requisite power and authority to enter into this Agreement, and this Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Placement Agent and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Placement Agent, enforceable against the Placement Agent in accordance with its terms, subject to Bankruptcy and Equity and except as any indemnification or contribution provisions thereof may be limited under applicable securities laws.

6.3               General Solicitation . In the case of the offer and sale of the Capital Securities, no form of general solicitation or general advertising was used by the Placement Agent or its representatives including, but not limited to, advertisements, articles, notices or other communications published in any newspaper, magazine or similar medium or broadcast over television or radio or any seminar or meeting whose attendees have been invited by any general solicitation or general advertising.

6.4               Purchaser . The Placement Agent has made such reasonable inquiry as is necessary to determine that the Purchaser is acquiring the Capital Securities for its own account, except as contemplated under the Transfer Notice (as defined in Section 7.8 herein), and that the Purchaser does not intend to distribute the Capital Securities in contravention of the Securities Act or any other applicable securities laws.

6.5               Qualified Purchasers . The Placement Agent has not offered or sold and will not arrange for the offer or sale of the Capital Securities except (i) to those the Placement Agent reasonably believes are “accredited investors” (as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D), or (ii) in any other manner that does not require registration of the Capital Securities under the Securities Act. In connection with each such sale, the Placement Agent has taken or will take reasonable steps to ensure that the Purchaser is aware that (a) such sale is being made in reliance on an exemption under the Securities Act, and (b) future transfers of the Capital Securities will not be made except in compliance with applicable securities laws.

6.6               Offering Circulars . Neither the Placement Agent nor its representatives will include any non-public information about the Company, the Trust or any of their affiliates in any registration statement, prospectus, offering circular or private placement memorandum used in connection with any purchase of Capital Securities without the prior written consent of the Trust and the Company.

Section 7.                 Covenants of the Offerors . The Offerors covenant and agree with the Placement Agents and the Purchaser as follows:

7.1               Compliance with Representations and Warranties . During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Closing Date, the Offerors shall use their best efforts and take all action necessary or appropriate to cause their representations and warranties contained in Section 5 hereof to be true as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, as if made on and as of the Closing Date.

7.2               Sale and Registration of Securities . The Offerors and their Affiliates shall not nor shall any of them permit any person acting on their behalf (other than the Placement Agents), to directly or indirectly (a) sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in the Securities Act) that would or could be integrated with the sale of the Capital Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the Securities, or (b) make offers or sales of any such Security, or solicit offers to buy any such Security, under circumstances that would require the registration of any of such Securities under the Securities Act.

7.3               Use of Proceeds . The Trust shall use the proceeds from the sale of the Capital Securities to purchase the Debentures from the Company.

7.4               Investment Company . The Offerors shall not engage, or permit any subsidiary to engage, in any activity which would cause it or any subsidiary to be an “investment company” under the provisions of the Investment Company Act.

7.5               Reimbursement of Expenses . If the sale of the Capital Securities provided for herein is not consummated (a) because any condition set forth in Section 3 hereof is not satisfied, or (b) because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company or the Trust to perform any agreement herein or comply with any provision hereof other than by reason of a breach by the Placement Agents, the Company shall reimburse the Placement Agents upon demand for all of their pro rata share of out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) in an amount not to exceed $50,000.00 that shall have been incurred by them in connection with the proposed purchase and sale of the Capital Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no obligation to reimburse the Placement Agents for their out-of-pocket expenses if the sale of the Capital Securities fails to occur because either of the Placement Agents fails to fulfill a condition set forth in Section 4.

7.6               Directed Selling Efforts, Solicitation and Advertising . In connection with any offer or sale of any of the Securities, the Offerors shall not, nor shall either of them permit any of their Affiliates or any person acting on their behalf, other than the Placement Agents, to engage in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (as defined in Regulation D).

7.7               Compliance with Rule   144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act . So long as any of the Securities are outstanding and are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144(a)(3) under the Securities Act, the Offerors will, during any period in which they are not subject to and in compliance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or the Offerors are not exempt from such reporting requirements pursuant to and in

compliance with Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act, provide to each holder of such restricted securities and to each prospective purchaser (as designated by such holder) of such restricted securities, upon the request of such holder or prospective purchaser in connection with any proposed transfer, any information required to be provided by Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act, if applicable. This covenant is intended to be for the benefit of the holders, and the prospective purchasers designated by such holders, from time to time of such restricted securities. The information provided by the Offerors pursuant to this Section 7.7 will not, at the date thereof, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

7.8               Transfer Notice . The Offerors acknowledge that the Purchaser may transfer the Capital Securities, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time following the Closing Date by delivering the notice attached as Exhibit A to the Subscription Agreement (the “Transfer Notice”).

7.9               Quarterly Reports . Within 50